必修四第四单元检测题
高中政治必修4第四单元试题及答案
高中政治必修4第四单元试题及答案认识社会与价值选择是高中政治必修4第四单元的知识点，那么你都掌握了吗?接下来店铺为你整理了高中政治必修4第四单元试题及答案，一起来看看吧。
高中政治必修4第四单元试题一、选择题(每小题3分，共60分)1.经济专家指出，中国公众在长期公有制经济条件下形成的“量人为出”的消费观念，已经成为当今经济过剩条件下扩大消费的精神桎梏。
要扩大内需，首先必须改变消费者的消费观念。
这说明( )。
A.社会意识阻碍社会存在的发展B.社会存在的性质不同决定了社会意识的差别C.社会存在变化，社会意识不一定变化D.社会存在决定社会意识，社会意识对社会存在具有能动的反作用2.近年来，情人节、圣诞节等洋节正将它们所负载的价值观念和生活情趣推而广之，中国社会正在被这些新颖、另类的文化所感染、浸润。
这表明( )。
A.社会存在决定于社会意识B.社会意识具有相对独立性C.不同的社会意识具有不同的性质D.社会意识对社会存在具有反作用3.2011年中央农村工作会议指出，2011年农业农村工作的重点任务之一就是要深入推进农村改革，不断增强农村发展活力。
完善农村土地管理制度，全面深化、整体推进集体林权制度改革，完善草原承包经营制度。
从历史唯物主义的角度看，这体现了( )。
A.调整上层建筑中与经济基础不相适应的部分B.调整生产关系中与生产力不相适应的部分C.改革的根本目的是社会主义的自我完善和发展D.改革是社会发展的根本动力4.某县县委原有的办公楼在两年前作为危房被拆除了，至今没有修建。
县委机关在县城的各个角落租房办公，县委的牌子都没处挂。
该县县委书记认为，该县需要花钱的地方太多，而且都比建办公楼要紧得多，应把钱用在群众最急需的地方。
从哲学角度看，该县县委的做法坚持了( )。
①把人民群众的利益作为最高的价值标准②把个人、集体、社会的统一作为价值选择的标准③马克思主义的群众观点和群众路线④集中主要力量解决主要矛盾A.①②③B.①②④C.②③④D.①③④5.“他们纵身一跃，划出了人生最壮丽的弧线，他们奋力一举，绽放出生命最高尚的光芒。
高一英语必修4第四单元练习
高一英语必修4第四单元练习一，听力（10分）第一节请听下面五段对话，选出最佳选项。
（共五小题，每小题一分）1. Why does the man want to see a movie?A. It‟s expensiveB. It‟s cheapC. It‟s free.2. What are the two speakers going to do?A. Fix a bikeB. Buy a bikeC. Take a bike ride3. Where should the woman turn left?A.At the first set of traffic lightsB. At the first stopC. At the first stop.4. What does the woman mean？A. Beijing is a good place to live inB. The two cities have much in commonC. She prefers to live in WashingtonD.C5.Where is the man from?A. AustraliaB. New ZealandC. Canada第二节请听下面五段对话，选出最佳选项。
（共五小题，每小题一分）1. When will the man hand in his report?A. This MondayB. Next MondayC. This Friday2. What‟s the weather like now?A.SunnyB. RainyC. Cloudy3. Where does the conversation most likely take place?A. In a food marketB. At a bus stopC. In a post office4. What car does Mr. Jackson have?A. A Russian carB. A German carC. An American car5. What are the two speakers talking about ?A. The beauty of the seaB. The pollution in the seaC. Swimming in the sea 二，单项选择（10分）( ) 1.Peopel who can‟t speak have to _______ heir meaning when communicating with others.A. act outB. actC. performD. show( )2. ____Did you _________ your guest to the station yourself?____I had someone ____him there because I was busy at the moment .A. send takeB. take sendC. take takeD. take taking ( ) 3.____How about having a picnic next Sunday?____I‟m afraid not, for I_______ an import meeting for a whole day then.A. attendB. will have attendedC. will attendD. will be attending ( ) 4._________he punishment was unjust ,he accepted it without complaint.A. So long asB. Even thoughC. SinceD. While ( ) 5.____What did he ____about the matter when you were talking?____He never ____, but just listened to me.A. talk spokeB. say spokeC. speak talkedD. tell talked ( )6 .I know ____he was writing throughout the night ,but I don‟t know ____he was writing aboutA. what thatB. when whatC. that whatD. if what ( )7. I don‟t like talking with John, for he ____long hours without stop whenever you have atalk with him ,which I hate very much,A. will talkB. is talkingC. talksD. will be taking ( ) 8. It was raining heavily .Little Mary felt cold ,so she stood ____to her mother.A. closeB. closelyC. closedD. closing( )9.Li Ping had his leg broken and lay in bed for tow months. _____, he stuck to studying in bed and never fell behind in his lesson.A. ButB. ThoughC. YetD. However ( ) 10. Hearing the roar of a wolf , the man _____his gun , ready _____at it .A, reached ; to shoot B. reached for ; to shootC. reached out; for shoutingD. reached out his hands; to shout三，完形填空（10分）阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后选出最佳选项.Exercise is good for you ,but most people really know very little about how to exercise properly.__1__when you try , you can run into trouble.Many people believe that when specific muscles are exercised, the fat in the neighboring area is”_2__up.” Yet the truth is that exercise burns fat from all over body.Studies show muscles which are not __3__lose their strength very quickly. To regain it needs 48 to 72 hours and exercise every other day will keep a normal level of physical strength.To lose weight you should always “work up a good sweat ”when exercising. No sweatingonly_4__ body temperature to prevent over heating. This is__5__ water loss. Once you replace the liquid, you replace the weight.Walking is the best and easy-to-do exercise, It helps the circulation of blood__6__the body, and has a direct__7_on your overall feeling of health. Experience says that 20minutes‟exercise__8__is the minimum amount.__9__your breathing doesn‟t return to normal state within minutes after you finish__10__,you‟ve done too much.( ) 1. A. While B. When C. As D. So( ) 2. A. built B. burned C, piled D. grown( ) 3. A. exercised B. examined C, protected D. cured( ) 4. A. raises B. reduces C. destroys D .keeps up( ) 5. A, how B. why C. nothing but D. more than( ) 6. A. over B. around C. throughout D. with( ) 7. A effect B. use C. usage D. affect( ) 8. A. one day B, a day C, everyday D, some day( ) 9. A. But if B. But C. If D. And if( ) 10. A. working B, walking C, exercising D, breathing四．阅读理解（30分）AThe climate of any place is the kind of weather . It usually has over a long period of time. The house we live in, the clothes we wear even the foods we eat depend on the place where we live.Climate is a pattern that is not nearly as simple as we think, and it isaffected（影响）by many factors(因素). The distance to the North or South Pole or to the equator （赤道）really matters a lot. If you live near either of the poles, you live in a cold climate, for the place where you live does not get as much or as direct sunshine as a place father away form the poles. In place close to the equator, the climate is very hot, for they are the parts where the sunshines almost straight down.Whether rain or snow falls makes a great difference to the climate. In hot dry desert, little rain falls, but in a hot rainforest, the amount of rainfalls is far larger than that in the desert, for there is a heavy rain almost every day, even several times per day. Though a rainforest and a desert may be the same distant form the equator, their climates are rather different form each other.How much rain or snow falls is considered by some factors to be determined by the winds, the surrounding mountains and the currents(水流) in nearby seas and so on. In short, it is a very complex natural phenomenon(现象)( ) 1. this passage mainly talks about_____.A. whetherB. different climatesC. climate and its determining factorsD. the difference between weather and climate( ) 2. Form this passage, we know climate and weather are ____and climate is ______A. almost the same ; the general term of WeatherB. quite different; the average weather conditions at a particular place over a period of timeC. not the same; included by weatherD. very much alike; bigger and weather is smaller( ) 3. According to the passage, the most important factor that determines the cold climate in the Antarctic and the Arctic and the hot climate near the equator is _____.A. how near a place is to either pole or the equator.B. the different angles at which the sun shines.C. that the equator is in the middle of the globe while the Antarctic and the Arctic are at the ends of the globeD. their different geographical positions on the earth( ) 4.The difference of the climates between a tropical desert and a tropical rainforest is caused by ______.A.the amount of rainfallsB.the winds and the surrounding mountainsC.the currents in nearby seasD.how much sunshine the two different places can get( ) 5. Form the context, we can guess that the underlined word …complex‟ means________.A. a simple thingB. being easy to understandC. ratherD. being difficult to understand .BEinstein was the greatest scientist of his age. But he was almost as strange as his Theory of Relativity(相对论)Once, while riding a street car in Berlin, he told the conductor that he hadn‟t given him the right the right change. The conductor counted the change again and found it to be correct, so he handed it back to Einstein,saying .“The trouble with you is you don …t know your figures.”Einstein said that there were only twelve people living who understood his Theory of Relativity, although a good many books had been written to explain it.He himself explained relativity in this very simple way: When you sit with a pretty girl for an hour, it seems like a minute: but when you sit on a hot stove（烤炉）for a minute, it seems like an hour.He had nothing but contempt（轻视）for the things most people set their hearts on --- for fame and money. He didn‟t want money or praise. He made his own happiness out of such simple things as his work and playing the violin and sailing his boat. EINSTEIN‟S violin brought him more joy than anything else in life.He led a very simple sort of life, went around in old clothes that needed pressing, seldom wore a hat, He shaved （刮胡子）with the same soap that he used for his bath. The man who was trying to solve the most difficult problems of the universe said that using two kinds of soap made his life completely too complicated（复杂的）.（）6.From this passage we know Einstein was_____.A. the greatest scientist of his ageB. a stranger manC. a simple but noble manD. all of the above（）7.From the second paragraph we know_____A. Einstein didn‟t care about money at allB. Einstein didn‟t know his figuresC. Einstein met with a trouble in figuresD. Einstein didn‟t get along well with the conductor（）8. In this passage ，Einstein took an example to explain______A. The relationship between a boy and a girlB. The relationship between a man and a thingC. relativityD. time（）9. Einstein‟s happiness came from______A. fame and moneyB. money and praiseC. simple thingsD. work（）10 “…using two kinds of soap made his life completely too complicated” suggests that ________A. Einstein wanted to live a simple lifeB. Einstein was a man of humorC. Einstein didn‟t listen to othersD. Einstein had his own freedom of choiceCPhyllis Persil was born in Britain in 1970. She stayed there until she left school. Then, she traveled around France. She earned money by painting people‟s pictures and writing for a newspaper in Paris. She married an artist and went with him to paint in Spain.In the 1930s, she left Spain and returned to London. She worked for her father‟s company and made maps of the world. She thought there was a need for new street maps of London and started working on a book of maps. She collected a lot of information. She walked along every street in London and wrote down the names, the important buildings and even the house numbers. She kept the information about the street on cards in small boxes. One day s box with cards on all the streets beginning with “T r” fell out of her window. She found most of her cards, but some landed (着陆) on top of s bus and she never saw those cards again. When she sent everything to the painter, someone asked her, “Why isn‟t Trafalgar Square in your book?” It was because she had lost the card! She called her book A to Z. The first A to Z was in the shops in 1936 and sold very well. Now it is the most popular books of London street maps. Besides the street names, it shows important buildings like government offices, museums, theatres and schools, parks and public gardens, sports facilities(运动设施), train and understand stations.Later Phyllis Persil returned to the streets of London to paint picture of many of the city‟s famous buildings.( ) 11. When did Phyllis travel a lot?A. In her teensB. In her 20sC. In her childhoodD. In her 30s( ) 12. What nationality was Phyllis?A. SpanishB. BritishC. FrenchD. American( ) 13. What does her father‟s company make?A. BooksB. PhotosC. MapsD. Newspapers( ) 14. How did Phyllis get to know about roads so well?A. By getting first-hand information.B. By making cards.C. By falling out of her window.D. By taking pictures.( ) 15. What‟s an A to Z?A. It‟s s mapB. It‟s a book of maps.C. It‟s a map of theatres.D. It‟s a map of buildings.四，单词拼写（10分）1.Two m_______( 主要)roads cross each other here.2.He received high education at l _____(本地) university。
2019学年高中语文必修四语文版：第四单元测评语文
第四单元测评(满分:120分时间:120分钟)一、基础知识运用(12分,每小题3分)1.下列词语中加点的字,每对读音都不相同的一项是()A.作．坊/著作．劈．叉/劈．账玩弄．/弄．堂穴居野处．/大处．着眼B.漂．泊/漂．白绿．化/绿．林粘．液/粘．贴熏陶渐．染/防微杜渐．C.撒．网/撒．种头晕．/血晕．颜色．/色．酒载．歌载舞/怨声载．道D.落．套/落．枕圈．养/圈．点驻扎．/扎．营涂脂抹．粉/转弯抹．角项,zuō/zuò,pǐ,nòng/lòng,chǔ/chù;B项,piāo/piǎo,lǜ/lù,nián/zhān,jiān/jiàn;C项,sā/sǎ,yūn/yùn,sè/shǎi,zài;D项,luò/lào,juàn/quān,zhā,mǒ/mò。
2.下列各句中不含通假字的一项是()A.君子生非异也B.虽有槁暴,不复挺者C.师者,所以传道受业解惑也D.时坐有他客,不能尽所怀项,“生”通“性”;B项,“有”通“又”;C项,“受”通“授”。
3.对下列句中加点词语的意思解释有误的一项是()A.B.C.D.项,“寇雠”,强盗,仇敌。
4.下列句子中,没有词类活用的一项是()A.欲人之无惑也难矣B.名之为独夫C.其闻道也固先乎吾,吾从而师之D.离散天下之子女项,“名”,名词用作动词,称呼。
C项,“师”,意动用法,以……为师。
D项,“离散”,使动用法,使……离开分散。
二、古代诗歌阅读(9分)(2019云南昆明摸底调研测试)阅读下面这首唐诗,完成第5~6题。
赠李白①杜甫秋来相顾尚飘蓬,未就丹砂②愧葛洪③。
痛饮狂歌空度日,飞扬跋扈为谁雄?注①天宝四载(745),李白被唐玄宗逐出宫廷后的第二年,与杜甫同游齐赵。
这年秋天,杜甫与李白在鲁郡(今山东兖州)相别,杜甫写了这首赠诗。
高中英语UNIT4Scientistswhochangedtheworld单元检测含解析译林版必修第
单元综合检测(四)第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分；满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
AThe advancement of human civilization is possiblejust because of enormous contribution made by scientists.They are one of the most influential people of today's world.With practical advantages in engineering，medicine and technology，they have helped us to grow better understanding about the world and different working phenomenon that governs us.Their names are remembered in the sands of time for their work in the welfare of mankind with different inventions that has made our modern lives easy.Here is a list of the four great scientists we've ever seen who changed the world.Louis Pasteur(1822－1895)Pasteur contributed greatly towards the advancement ofmedical sciences developing cures for rabies，anthrax and other infectious diseases.He also invented the process of pasteurization(加热杀菌法)to make milk safer to drink.He probably saved more lives than any other person.Otto Hahn(1879－1968)Hahn was a German chemist who discovered nuclearfission(裂变)in 1939.He was a pioneering scientist in the field of radiochemistry，and discovered radioactive elements in 1921.He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1944.Nikola Tesla(1856－1943)Tesla worked on electromagnetism and AC current.He obtained around 300 patents worldwide for his inventions from electricity to radio transmission，but many inventions developed by Tesla were not put into patent protection.He played a key role in the development of modern electricity.James Clerk Maxwell(1831－1879)Maxwell made great progress in underst anding electromagnetism.His research in electricity and kinetics laid the foundation for quantum(量子)physics.Einstein said of Maxwell，“The work of James Clerk Maxwell changed the world forever.”【语篇解读】本文介绍了四位伟人，四个人都为社会变革做出了巨大的贡献。
【高中政治】人教版高中政治必修四第四单元认识社会与价值选择练习+Word版含答案
认识社会与价值选择一、单项选择题1. 发展，对于全面建成小康社会、加快推进社会主义现代化，具有决定性意义。
要牢牢抓住经济建设这个中心，坚持聚精会神搞建设、一心一意谋发展，不断解放和发展社会生产力。
这体现的历史唯物主义道理是( )A. 善于抓住重点，集中主要力量解决主要矛盾B. 物质资料的生产是人类社会赖以存在和发展的基础C. 坚持与时俱进，培养创造性思维D. 矛盾双方的对立统一推动着事物的运动、变化和发展2. 幸福感是人们对生活满意程度的一种心理体验，它以一定的物质财富为基础，但现实生活中，幸福感的提升与物质财富的增加并不一定同步。
这说明( )①社会存在决定社会意识② 社会意识具有相对独立性③ 社会意识对社会存在具有促进作用④ 社会意识的变化独立于社会存在的变化A. ①②B. ②③C. ①④D. ③④3. “人民是文艺创作的源头活水，一旦离开人民，文艺就会变成无根的浮萍、无病的呻吟、无魂的躯壳”。
下列能准确表达这句话含义的是( )①人民群众是社会精神财富的直接创造者② 把人民的利益作为最高的价值追求③ 价值观对人们的行为具有重要驱动和促进作用④ 人民群众的实践是一切优秀文艺作品的创造源泉A. ①②B. ③④C. ②③D. ②④4. “群众是一串‘零’，再多也是零；杰出人物则是这串‘零’前的非零实数，一加到零前，就成了一个天文数字。
”此观点( )A. 肯定了人民群众是社会变革的决定力量B. 夸大了杰出人物的作用，否定了人民群众是历史的创造者C. 告诫杰出人物一定要相信群众、依靠群众D. 正确反映了人民群众和杰出人物在社会发展中的作用5. 某地作为全国33个农村土地改革试点地区之一，正在逐步完成从“确权到人”到“确权到户”的制度转变，从而更好地让集体土地入市流转，使农户更好地分享工业化收益。
这一做法表明( )A. 生产关系的总和构成经济基础B. 上层建筑必须适应经济基础的发展C. 生产关系要适应生产力的发展状况D. 改革的目的是社会主义制度的自我完善6. 有人认为，“经济体制改革决定一个国家繁荣或贫穷，而政治体制改革又决定经济体制改革的成败。
高一英语人教版必修四第四单元语法训练试题+答案
一、对比练习:Book4 Unit4 Body language v –ing 形式做定语和状语训练题1. He stood there ___ _for his mother .2. __ for two hours , he went away.(wait)3. __to the left , you'll find the post office . 4. If you ________ to the left , you'll find the post office . 5. __ to the left , and you'll find the post office .(turn) 6. __ from space , the earth looks blue . 7. _ _from space , we can see the earth is blue .(see) 8. The dirty clothes ____ , the girl hung them up outside .9. __ the dirty clothes ,the girl hung them up outside .(wash) 10 The building ____ now will be a restaurant .11. The building ___ next year will be a restaurant .12. The building ___ last year is a restaurant.(built)13. In the ____ week we'll have another exam.14. In the week __ _______ ,we'll have another exam.(come)15. Most of us went to see her, __ _____ some girls.16. Most of us went to see her, some girls __ ______ _.(include)17. If time ____ , I'll go to see my friends tomorrow. 18. Time ___ _____ , I'll go to see my friends tomorrow.(permit) 19 ___ his wallet, he became very worried.20. __ ______ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.（lose ）21. The girl __ ______ in a colorful skirt looks beautiful.22. The mother __ her son must be late for the work.(dress)二、用所给词的正确形式填空。
高中英语必修四第四单元测试题
Unit 4Body language本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
共150分，考试时间120分钟。
第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What are the two speakers going to buy?A. Bread.B. Cheese.C. Eggs.2．How does the woman find the fish?A. Just soso.B. Bad.C. Quite good.3．Where does the conversation take place?A. In the bookstore.B. In the library.C. In the classroom.4．What does the man mean?A. He doesn't like the hotel.B. They can't afford to stay at the hotel.C. They do not want to stay at a hotel.5．What do we learn from the conversation?A. Mary has never studied mathematics.B. Mary must be good at mathematics.C. Mary probably is poor at mathematics.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
人教版高中英语必修四单元综合测评(四)
高中英语学习材料madeofjingetieji单元综合测评(四)Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)A(2016·周口高一检测)Sometimes people add to what they say even when they don't talk.Gestures are the “silent language” of every culture.We point a finger or move another part of the body to show what we want to say.It is important to know the body language of every country or we may be misunderstood.In the USA，people greet each other with a handshake in a formal introduction.The handshake must be firm.If the handshake is weak，it is a sign of weakness or unfriendliness.Friends may place a hand on the other's arm or shoulder.Some people，usually women，greet a friend with a hug.Space is important to Americans.When two people talk to each other，they usually stand about two and a half feet away and at an angle(角度)，so they are not facing each other directly.Americans get uncomfortable when a person stands too close.They will move back to have their space.If Americans touch another person by accident, they say，“Pardon me” or“Excuse me”．Americans like to look at the other person in the eyes when they are talking.If you don't do so，it means you are bored，hiding something，or are not interested.But when you stare at someone，it is not polite.For Americans，thumbs-up means yes，very good，or well done.Thumbs-down means the opposite.To call a waiter，raise one hand to head level or above.To show you want the check，make a movement with your hands as if you are signing a piece of paper.It is all right to point at things but not at people with the hand and index finger(食指)．Americans shake their index finger at children when they scold them and pat them on the head when they admire them.Learning a culture's body language is sometimes confusing.If you don't know what to do，the safest thing to do is to smile.【语篇解读】本文介绍了学习身势语在跨文化交流中的重要性。
(2021年整理)高中英语必修4第四单元body_language单元练习题
高中英语必修4第四单元body_language单元练习题编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（高中英语必修4第四单元body_language单元练习题）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
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远洋中学高一英语家庭作业2013.6。
28姓名班级家长签字英语必修四unit 4词汇部分练习题一，单选题。
1。
If you are ______ about Brazil, you may read this book.A。
curious B. upset C。
strangeD. interested2. It is very ______ that she will ring me tonight。
A. likelyB. possibly C。
probablyD。
perhaps3. Your experiences are ______ to ours， but your end result is entirely different.A。
same B. different C. similarD. equal4. As a student， you should try to ______ being late for your class.A. avoid B。
refuse C. prevent D。
punish5。
Though she has been in England for halfa year, she is still unable to _____ insimple English.A。
高中英语必修四同步测试单元检测卷Unit4 Word版含答案
卷：Unit4单元检测AI was born and raised in Minnesota, the USA, but as an adult I have mostly lived in Europe and Africa. I teach cross－cultural management at the International Business School near Paris. For the last 15 years, I've studied how people in different parts of the world build trust, communicate, and make decisions especially in theworkplace.While traveling in Tokyo recently with a Japanese colleague, I gave a short talk to a group of 20 managers. At the end, I asked whether there were any questions or comments. No hands went up, so I went to sit down. My colleague whispered to me, “I think there actually were some comments, Erin. Do you mind if I try？” I agreed, but I guessed it a waste of breath. He asked the group again, “Any comments or questions？”Still, no one raised a hand, but this time he looked very carefully at each person in the silentaudience. Gesturing to one of them, he said, “Do you have something to add？” To my amazement, she responded “Yes, thank you.” and asked me a very interesting question. My colleague repeated this several times, looking directly at the audience and asking for more questions or comments.After the session, I asked my colleague, “How did you know that those people had questions？” He hesitated, not sure how to explain it, and then said, “It has to do with how bright their eyes are.1．What can we conclude from thefirst paragraph? A．Life inMinnesota has made the author wornout. B．The author enjoys travelingaround the world.C．Different cultures are kind of familiar tothe author. D．The author may start his ownbusiness in the future. 2．Hearing thecolleague whispering,theauthor. A．wentback to his seat and gotseatedB.knew his colleague had somequestionsC.owed a big debt of gratitude to hiscolleagueD.thought his colleague would getnowhere3.Where does the author's colleague probably come from? A．America.B．Africa.C．Japan. D．France.4.Which is the proper titlefor the passage? A．Lookingat Another Culture in theEyeB.Focusing on Behavior inCulturesC.Admiring the Beauty in theEyeD.Sharing Different Cultures inTokyoBA new German study has uncovered evidence that there is a strong link between traffic jams and developing a heart attack. It has been found that individuals were three times more likely to develop a condition if they had recently got stuck in traffic, most probably because of the exposure to the car fumes and other pollution they breathed. The researchers analyzed data of heart attack cases between February 2013 and December 2014. They interviewed nearly 1,500 patients to gather information and figure out what could be potential triggers for a heart attack. The participants were asked a standardized set of questions, such as what they were doing on the day of the heart attack, where exactly they went, what means of transportation they used and how much time they spent in a traffic jam.The experts found that driving a car turned out to be the most common source of traffic exposure. However, using public transportation and riding a bicycle were also other forms of traffic exposure. The researchers reported that 8% of all heart attack cases were specifically linked to having been in traffic. In general, time spent in any type of transportation in traffic was associated with a more than 3 times higher risk of experiencing a heart attack within the first hour immediately following the exposure. The team has also found that women, elderly men, patients who were unemployed, and those withahistoryofangina(心绞痛) appearedtobeparticularlysensitiveandwereaffectedthemostby traffic. Female participants, in fact, were more likely to have a 5 times greater risk of a heart attack following such exposure, compared tomen.5.The underlined word in Paragraph 2 canbereplacedby. A．directions B．effects C．tendencies D．causes6.The researchers cametotheconclusion. A．by doingexperiments inhospitalsB.by observing the traffic in thestreetsC.by surveying patients inhospitalsD.by interviewing driverstrapped in traffic jams 7．Whatcould be the best title forthepassage?A.Traffic Jams Are a GreatConcernB.Be Sure to Avoid TrafficJamsC.Traffic Jams May Lead to HeartAttacksD.Get Your Heart Away from TrafficJamsCWhich do you think is the best way to keep healthy?With the development of the society, people no longer worry about where their nextmeal comes from as they did in the old days. They become more and more concernedabout their health problem. Different people come up with different views: eatinggreen food, doing outdoor exercises or going to hospital for medical treatmentfrequently. As far as I am concerned, the best way to keep healthy istodevelop a goodqualityof psychology(心理)．According to some surveys, nowadays, most patients are not physically sick butmentally( 精神上)ill. They feel the burden on their shoulders is much heavier than others, so theycan't step out of the shadow of depression(抑郁) and sadness. They need to releasetheir spirit to the nature.Besides, if you have developed a good quality of psychology, you'll become moresociable and thus more willing to play your part in the society. Joining in some keep-fitclubs or attending some travel agency, which by themselves are various versions ofphysical exercise, will benefit you a lot.As a poem says, youth is not a period of time; it's a state of mind. Everybody wantsto keep young at heart because youth is a symbol for endless energy and passionforliving.Keep a good quality of mind, or keep a sense of humour, even if you are 80, andyou'll never be old.8.According to the passage, in the old days, what people caredmostmightbe. A．food B．exercising C．clothing D．health9.According to the writer, the best way to keephealthyisto. A．havemealsregularly B．do outdoorexercisesC．go tohospitalfrequently D．keep psychologicalhealth10.The most probable reason for patients who are mentallyillmightbe. A．burden B．depression C．sadness D．spirit11.The best way to develop a good quality of psychologymightbe. A．takingsocialresponsibility B．exercising in keep-fitclubC．goingon journeys D．taking physicalexerciseDWhen policy experts debate climate change solutions, they often talk about“a price on carbon”. They are arguing about whether companies should pay when they put carbon pollution in the air.But here's the secret that most people seem to be missing: There already is a price on carbon, and it's paid by thetaxpayers.Carbon pollution, like every other form of pollution, has an impact on the environment. Throwing waste into a river will cause the fish to die and the people who drink the water to get sick. And when you produce carbon pollution, you get climate change—s ea level rise, strongerstorms,severe droughts, damage to agriculture, and more.All of those impacts cost money. Insurance rates go up when storms get more destructive. Taxes increase when cities have to rebuild bridges and roads. Military budgets go up when droughts and population changes cause conflicts. Not to mention impacts on agriculture and health care costs.In other words, the price on carbon is what we all pay when there is no market force to limit the pollution that causes climate change. So the debate is really about who will pay that price—the companies who are making a profit from the fossil fuels, or the taxpayers who pick up the cost now. Right now, we have private profit and public cost. It's just like if we allowed every business to throw its garbage in the street because it's too expensive to have it moved away properly. Does it add a little bit to your dinner check to require that restaurants throw away their trash properly? Sure. But it would be more expensive for you if the city had to clean the streets of their garbage every day. So just like we put a “price on garbage” we need a “price on carbonpollution”．Now, a “price on carbon pollution” can mean a lot of things. You could tax companies based onthe amount of carbon pollution they produce, and return the money to taxpayers. You could put a limit on how much they can produce, thereby requiring them to invest in ways to conduct business in a less pollutingway.12.What do the policy experts argue about carbonpollution?A.Whether taxpayers could get profit fromit.B.Whether the companies should pay forit.C.Who have the ability to changeit.D.How much should be paidfor it. 13．What's the mainidea of the Paragraph 2?A．Some other formsofpollution.B.The effects of carbonpollution.C.The signs of carbonpollution.D.The way to reduce carbonpollution.14.The author referred to restaurants in thepassagemainlyto. A．prove every business doesn't performitsdutyB.warn readers to protect the environmentaroundC.explain the damage of no policy on carbonpollutionD.show some restaurants throw away their trashrandomly15.According to the passage, what does the “price on carbon pollution” mean? A．Telling the taxpayers to refuse to pay taxes on carbonpollution.B．Making the government invest to reducecarbon pollution. C．Increasing prices of theproducts from companies.D．Taxing companies on carbon pollution they produce.七选五If you feel depressed, it's best to do something about it—depression doesn't just goaway on its own. In addition to getting help from a doctor or counselor, here are fourthings you can do to feel better.Exercise. Take a 15 －30 minutes walk every day—or dance, jog, or bike if youprefer. PeopleOnce you get in the exercise who are depressed may not feel much likebeingactive. 16habit, it won't take long to notice a difference in your mood.Cherish yourself with good nutrition. Depression canaffectappetite. Oneperson may notfeellikeeatingatall,butanothermightovereat.Ifdepressionhasaffectedyoureating,you'llneedtobeextramindfulofgettingtherightfood. 17Soeatplentyoffruitsandvegetablesandget regular meals (even if you don't feel hungry, try to eat something light, like a pieceof fruit, to keep you going)．Identifytroubles. _18 When you know what's got you feeling blue and why,talk aboutitwith a caring friend. Talking is a way to release the feelings and to receive some understanding. If there's no one to tell, pouring your heart out to a journal work just aswell._19 Depression affects a person's thoughts, making everything seem dark,negativeand hopeless. If depression has you noticing only the negative, make an effort to notice thegood things in life. Try to notice one thing, and then try to think of one more. Consideryour strengths, gifts, orblessings. Most of all, don't forget to be patientwithyourself. 20A.Look on the brightside.B.Take action to solveproblems.C.But makeyourself do it anyway.D．Depression takestime toheal.E．Proper nutrition can influence a person's mood and energy.F．With depression, a person's creativity and sense of fun mayseem blocked. G．Try to make out any situations that havecontributed to your depression. 完型填空Ilovedworkingwithmydad,butIhatedthesummerjobhegaveme.Heownedasmall 21 in Bank Street. In his shop, the most recently 22 person got the worst job, and the boss'sonwasalso 23 .I didn't want tospend hours 24 the frost on the ceiling of the walk－in freezer,and it wastheSaturdayafternoon'sjobthatIhatedmost.Wereceivedfresh 25 everyday.Chickensatinwooden boxes andwas 26withcrushedice.Duringtheweek,theiceandthebloodofthechicken slowly leaked intothe containers 27 the chicken, creating its bloodysmell.Therewasonlyone 28 togetridofthebloodandwashthecontainers:holdmy 29 and carefullyslidethecontainersfromunderthechicken,asItriednotto_30 thecontents overmyclothes,andthen 31 intothedrain(下水道)．Soon,students 32 have cut lawns, painted houses, worked in offices, or maybe even worked in the butcher's will 33 to school.Some willhave great memories 34 others will comeback with 35 ones.Lookingback,Ithoughtmyfathercouldhave 36 me from my weekly hell. However,mydad,who'ddroppedoutofschooltohelpsupporthisfamilyafterhisfatherdied,wasateacherforme 37 . He knew treating me 38 from his other employees would be an unfair thing.Most importantly, he taughtmeto 39 those who do thehard and 40 tasks in life.For the next six summers, I returned not as the boss' son, but as one of other guys,and I cleaned the dirty containers every Saturday afternoon.21．A. grocery B．butcher's C．chain D．barber's22．A. hired B．invited C．received D．trained23．A. interested B．included C．affected D．offered24．A. looking into B．tearing up C．cleaning up D．carrying on25．A. fruit B．vegetable C．chicken D．grain26．A. surrounded B．impressed C．accompanied D．cooked27．A. above B．beside C．below D．under28．A .chance B．way C．place D．reason29．A. arm B．nose C．breath D．head30．A. touch B．notice C．find D．splash31．A .break B．divide C．empty D．allow32．A .which B．what C．when D．who33．A. adapt B．walk C．return D．apply34．A. while B．when C．since D．because35．A. exciting B．good C．amazing D．unpleasant36．A. forced B．spared C．treated D．pushed37．A. at heart B．in fact C．in case D．at home38．A. kindly B．carefully C．differently D. warmly39．A. witness B．appreciate C．hurt D．influence40．A. vital B．dirty C．easy D．funny语法填空Swedish businessman Nile Bergqvist is delighted with his new hotel, the world's first igloo ( 冰屋)hotel. 41 (build) in a small town in Lapland, it has been attracting lots of visitors, but soon the fun will beover.In two weeks' time Bergqvist's ice creation will be nothing more than a pool of water.“We don't see it as a big problem，”he says.“We just look forward to42 (replace) it.”Bergqvistbuilthisfirstiglooin1991foranartexhibition.Itwas 43successful thathedesigned the presentone,_44measuresroughly200squaremeters.Sixworkmenspent morethan eight weeks 45(pile) 1,000 tons of snow onto a wooden base; when the snow froze,_46 base wasremoved.After their stay, all visitors receive a survivalcertificaterecording 47success. Withnowindows,nowheretohangclothesandtemperaturesbelow0’C，itmayseemmorelikeasurvivaltest_48arelaxinghotelbreak.“It'sgreat fun，”Bergqvistexplains,“aswellasagoodstart insurvival training.”The 49 (popular) of the igloo is beyond doubt: it is now attracting tourists from all over the world. At least 800 people have stayed at the igloo this season even though there are only 10 rooms.“You can get a lot of people in，”explains Bergqvist. “The beds are three meters wide by two meters long, and can fit at least four _50 atime.”短文改错I went to England last summer as a exchange student, and stayed there for three months. I used to thinking we had pretty various after －school activities. However, I was surprised to find their projects were even diverse. I made friend with the daughter of my home－stay family, which was a college student. He was a member of differentkinds of clubs, so I took the chance to join in some clubs, too. Can you believe I make a robot in the LEGO Club? I felt very proudly because I got first prize with my Lego robot.Time spending in England is so memorable that I will treasure it forever.高中英语专题。
新译林版高中英语选择性必修四Unit4词汇默写检测(含答案)
牛津译林版选择性必修四第四单元重点词汇默写词汇活学活用Worksheet I: Directions: Read each sentence carefully and choose the word from the list that best fits the context. Wrile the word on the blank provided.●auditory verbal composition keep puce with objective●inquire relresh subscribe to resolve be bound to1. As a writer, it is important to have a clear for your piece before you start writing.2. If you want ta improve your memory, you might consider using . learning lechniques.3. The of this painting is truly stunning - the colors, lines, and shapes all work together perfectly.4. 1 will find a solution to this problem, no matter how difficult it may seem.5. In order to succeed in this class, you need to the pace of the lectures and assignments.6. Taking a break to. your mind and body can be incredibly helpful when you're [eeling stressed.7.If you don't study for the exam, you will fail.8. If you have any questions, feel frec to. wib the tcacher after class.9. 1 to several different magazines, so I always have something interesting to read.10. The ability to communicate effectively through. language is a valuable skill in many careers.Worksheet 2: Directions: Read each sentence carefully and choose the word from the list that best fits the conlext. Write the word on the blank provided.concrete cease cognition intimidating polishqualify abstract assumption vocational occupation1. The of a person's job is often used as a measure of their success.2.To be eligible for a certain job, you must for the necessary requirements.3. The of the project was impressive, with every detail carefully considered.4.The thought of speaking in front of a large crowd can be , even for experienced publicspeakers.5. concepts such as love and happiness are difficult to dcfine.6. The of the building made it shine like a diamond.7. One. is that all teenagers are lazy and irresponsible.8. schools provide training for specific careers such as welding or automotive repair.9. Many people find. in hohhies such as painting or playing music.10. The fighting finally came to a. when both sides agreed to a ceasefire.Worksheet 3: Directions: Match the words from the list with their corresponding definitions below. Write the letter of the definition on the blank provided.1.prospect a.to focus one's thoughts or cmotions; to calm oneself2. drill b. an activity done for enjoyment or relaxation3. circuit c. a measure of numerical data4. competence d.having reached a state of full growth or development5. recreation e. something that is done without a definite purpose or plan6. random I. a document that verifies that sb has completed a course of study7. statistic g.a path or route that connects a series of places or points8. certificate h. the ahility to do something effectively or efficiently9. mature i. something that is likely to happen or he successful in the future10. compose oneself j. to train or teach by repetition参考答案：.auditory2.verbalposition4.be bound to5.keep pace with6.resolve7.refresh8.objective9.inquiret0.subscribe tot1.concrete12.cease13.cognition14.inductivc15.rcasoning16.abstract17.assumption18.vocational19.occupation20.qualify21.prospect22.drill23.circuitpetence25.recrcation26.random27.statistic28.certilicate29.in a flash30.maturepose oneself32.draft33.polish34. bounce ..off ..35.intimidating36.extension37.librarian38.cafeteriaworksheet1:1.objectivc2.auditoryposition4.resolve5.keep pace wilh6.refresh7.be bound to8.inquire9.subscribe1010.verbalworkshect21.occupation2.qualify3.concrete4.intimidating5.abstrac t6.polish7.assumption8.vocational9.cognition10.ceaseAnswer Key;1.2.3.g4.h5.b6.e7.c8.f9.d10a。
【高中政治】高中政治必修四检测：第四单元 单元复习课 Word版含答案
单元复习课①本原②古代朴素③客观④可知论⑤唯物主义⑥自然观⑦科学性⑧科学发展观1．(2015·山东卷)知廉明耻，是做人最基本的道德规范。
“盖不廉则无所不取，不耻则无所不为”，这句古语蕴含的哲理是( )A．联系是普遍的和无条件的B．有什么样的世界观就有什么样的方法论C．先知后行重在知D．有什么样的社会存在就有什么样的社会意识解析：“盖不廉则无所不取，不耻则无所不为”，是指大凡不廉洁的人没有什么东西不拿，不知羞耻的人没有什么事不做，这体现了世界观决定方法论，B符合题意；联系是普遍的，但是有条件的，A是错误的；实践是认识的基础，C是错误的；D材料没有体现；故本题答案选B。
答案：B2．(2015·浙江卷)中国的先哲认为世界由金木水火土构成。
到了19世纪，人们认为世界的最基本成分就是化学元素周期表上100个左右的元素。
现在人们认为最基本的成分是夸克，电子等。
由此可见( )①唯物主义的观念由来已久②具体认识会在发展中不断被超越③真理的价值要到实践中才能实现④认识的目的归根到底是改造世界A．①②B．③④C．①③D．②④解析：①②观点正确且符合题意，题中事例强调不同时期人们对物质的认识不同，说明唯物主义的观念由来已久，同时说明具体认识会在发展中不断被超越，故入选。
③④观点与题意不符，题中强调不同时期人们的认识不同，并没有涉及真理，也没有涉及真理的价值，认识的目的是实践，而不是改造世界，故排除。
答案：A3．(2014·山东卷)宋代的朱熹与陆九渊曾经进行多次辩论。
朱熹认为，事物不在人的主观意识之中，“理”是事物存在的根据。
陆九渊则认为，世界的本原便是“吾心”，“理”是离不开心的。
此处所示的“朱陆之争”实质上属于( )A．辩证法和形而上学的对立B．唯物主义和唯心主义的对立C．客观唯心主义和主观唯心主义的分歧D．朴素唯物主义和形而上学唯物主义的分歧解析：本题考查哲学的基本派别。
朱熹认为“理”决定事物，属于客观唯心主义观点，陆九渊认为世界的本原是“吾心”，属于主观唯心主义观点，C项符合题意。
人教版高一语文必修四第四单元第11课廉颇蔺相如列传练习题
廉颇蔺相如列传一、语言文字运用1.下列各句中,没有通假字的一项是( )A.秦王以十五城请易寡人之璧,可予不B.拜送书于庭C.召有司案图D.请奉盆缶秦王【解析】选D。
A项,“不”通“否”;B项,“庭”通“廷”,朝廷;C项,“案”同“按”,审察、察看。
2.下列加点字的解释,不正确的一项是( )A.宁许以负．秦曲负:担任、承担B.秦以城求璧而赵不许,曲．在赵曲:理亏C.严．大国之威以修敬也严:尊重D.不欲与廉颇争列．列:位次【解析】选A。
负:这里是使动用法,使……担负、承担。
3.下列各句中,加点虚词的用法,完全相同的一项是( )A.①不如因．而厚遇之②相如因．持璧却立B.①夫赵强而．燕弱②(蛇)黑质而．白章C.①秦之．群臣曰②相如张目叱之．D.①秦王为．赵王击缶②人方为刀俎,我为．鱼肉【解析】选B。
B项,都表并列,连词。
A项,介词,由此,趁机/副词,于是。
C项,助词,的/代词,他们。
D项,介词,给/表判断,相当于现代汉语的“是”。
4.下列句子中,句式与其他三句不同的一项是( )A.而君幸于赵王B.遂与秦王会渑池C.赵王以为贤大夫D.传以示美人及左右【解析】选A。
A项为被动句,其他三项为省略句。
5.下面各句中加点词语意义,与现代汉语意义相同的一项是世纪金榜导学号61094055( )A.臣之所以去亲戚．．而事君者B.于是相如前进．．缶C.请奉盆缶秦王,以相娱乐．．D.宣言．．曰:“我见相如,必辱之。
”【解析】选C。
C项,“娱乐”古今意义相同,都是指使人快乐,消遣的意思。
其他三项加点词语都是古今异义。
亲戚:古义指内外亲属,所指范围较广,父母兄弟皆可;今义指跟自己家庭有婚姻关系或血统关系的家庭或成员,不包括父母兄弟姐妹等。
前进:前,走上前去;进:奉献。
今指向前行动或发展。
宣言:文中意思是扬言,今指发布政见的公告或宣告、声明等。
6.下列加点字的用法不同于其他三项的一项是( )A.舍．相如广成传B.间．至赵矣C.左右欲刃．相如D.请以秦之咸阳为赵王寿．【解析】选B。
高二政治必修4第四单元测试试卷及答案解析
高二政治必修4第四单元测试试卷一、单项选择题(每题4分,共48分)1.(2017云南昆明模拟)民以食为天,人们的膳食营养观与自然环境、生产结构、生活方式等诸多因素有着必然的密不可分的关系。
随着时代的发展,中国食物结构的变化和生活水平的提高,国人的膳食营养观念也在经历着较大的变化。
材料表明()①社会存在决定社会意识②社会意识对社会存在具有促进作用③社会存在的变化决定社会意识的变化④社会意识的变化独立于社会存在的变化A.①②B.②④C.①③D.③④2.(2017山西太原模拟)在世界反法西斯战争胜利70周年之际,许多国家都将举行隆重的纪念活动。
翻开那过往的历史册页,人们能够更好地认识今天的现实,因为()①现实与历史存在着必然联系②历史与现实的主体都是人民群众③现实就是历史的重复和再现④历史蕴含着现实社会的一般规律A.①②B.①④C.②③D.③④3.(2017河北衡水质检)为了适应经济发展的新形势,2017年国务院提出推动利率市场化改革,实施股票发行注册制改革,启动个人税收递延型商业养老保险的试点工作。
这表明()①经济基础决定上层建筑的变革②社会存在决定社会意识的变革③矛盾普遍性寓于特殊性之中④人民群众是社会发展的基础A.①②B.③④C.①④D.②③4.(2017辽宁大连质检)2017年“两会”期间,在政府工作报告中,首次使用了“互联网+”“众创空间”“创客”“草根创新”等时尚新词,甚至使用了“有权不可任性”等网络风格语言。
面对困难和挑战,新词往往是对症良药,用流行万众的语言引导严肃的改革大业。
这表明()A.社会意识推动社会发展B.社会意识具有一定阶级性C.社会意识具有相对独立性D.社会意识是对社会存在的反映5.(2017湖南岳阳模拟)为了促进我国县域经济社会的发展,维护县域社会的公平正义,我国启动了以规范县委书记权力这一重点的县权改革试点工作。
“县权改革”的哲学依据是()A.生产关系要适合生产力状况的规律B.社会意识对社会存在具有反作用C.上层建筑要适合经济基础状况的规律D.社会意识具有相对独立性6.(2017安徽亳州模拟)国务院《关于进一步推进户籍制度改革的意见》指出,进一步推进户籍制度改革,是涉及亿万农业转移人口的一项重大举措。
高中历史第四单元明清中国版图的奠定与面临的挑战单元检测(A卷含解析)新人教版必修
第四单元明清中国版图的奠定与面临的挑战A卷基础夯实1.明太祖朱元璋在与群臣分享治国体会时,曾因政务过多发出了“不如江南富足翁,日高三丈犹拥被”的感慨。
为解决这一问题,朱元璋()A.废除宰相B.设立殿阁大学士C.设立南书房D.设立军机处2.自嘉靖至万历初,内阁权势如日中天,在同六部的权力之争中占了上风。
于是内阁“朝位班次,俱列六部之上”。
这一变化表明()A.内阁完全取代了六部B.君主专制的不断加强C.内阁是皇帝内侍机构D.内阁首辅的权力失控3.郑和下西洋是世界航海史上的壮举，却不能让中国从此走向世界，主要因为( )A．郑和不能航行到达美洲B．郑和不能航行到达欧洲C．郑和下西洋主要是政治目的D．郑和下西洋主要是为了加强海外贸易4.明代漳州名士张燮在《东西洋考》一书中说道,海滨一带大都是盐碱地.农民生活贫困,“一旦戒严,不得下水,断其生活,若辈悉健有力.势不肯搏手困穷,于是所在连结为乱,溃裂以出(集体抢劫),其久潜踪于外者.既触纲不敢归,又连结外夷,乡导以入。
”材料主要反映了()A.重农抑商的必要性B.沿海居民生活艰难C.小农经济的脆弱性D.海禁政策后果严重5.朝贡贸易亦称“随贡贸易”“贡舶贸易”。
以下哪项表述是对明代“朝贡贸易”的准确理解( )A.朝贡贸易展示了天朝威仪B.朝贡国可自由来华贸易C.各朝贡国贡期一致D.政府在朝贡贸易中获利甚多6.下表为不同史籍对康熙、雍正、乾隆三帝的历史叙述。
据此能够得出的历史结论是()A.勤于政事保证了三帝意志的完全贯彻B.勤政作风预示着封建王朝的衰落C.批阅奏章是三帝处理政务的主要方式D.乾纲独断是盛世三帝的政治传统7.清朝时期设立军机处，规定军机大臣须每天日夜值班，等候皇帝随时召见。
当天必须处理完毕每天由下面送达的奏章。
由此可见，军机处的设置()A.完善了中枢机构B.加强了中央集权C.利于提高行政效率D.削弱了丞相权力年，清政府设置台湾府，其主要意义是( )A.打击了外来侵略势力，巩固了祖国的边防B.加强了君主专制统治，促进了边疆地区的开发C.首次在台湾地区正式建立行政机构D.加强了中央政府对台湾地区的有效管理9.从法律上确立黑龙江和乌苏里江流域包括库页岛在内的广大地区属于中国领土的是( )A.中俄《尼布楚条约》B.中俄雅克萨之战C.中俄《瑷珲条约》D.《钦定藏内善后章程》10.元朝设立宣政院管辖西藏地区和佛教事务,元世祖尊奉喇嘛教首领为帝师;明朝对藏区制定了“多封众建,尚用僧徒”的政策;清朝通过扶持黄教,设立驻藏办事大臣来管理藏区事务。
2012届高三政治二轮复习 第四单元历史唯物主义专题检测评估 新人教必修4
专题检测评估十二时间：90分钟分值：100分一、选择题(只有一个最符合题意的选项，每小题2分，共50分)每年的流行语都会留下一个时代的真实记录。
回答1～2题。
1．流行语属于( )①物质②意识③社会存在④社会意识A．①② B．①③C．②④ D．③④解析：流行语属于社会意识，不属于社会存在，故②④符合题意，选C。
答案：C2．上述材料表明( )A．人们的社会意识都是一样的B．社会意识具有相对独立性C．社会意识与社会存在是同步变化发展的D．社会存在的变化发展决定社会意识的变化发展解析：由“每年的流行语都会留下一个时代的真实记录”可知D正确；A说法不符合实际；B与题意无关；社会意识与社会存在不是同步变化发展的，可见C错误，故选D。
答案：D改革开放30多年来，我国社会主义现代化建设之所以能够取得巨大成就，一个重要的原因就是，把推动经济基础变革同推动上层建筑改革结合起来，不断推进政治体制改革，为我国的改革开放和社会主义现代化建设提供了制度保证和法制保障。
回答3～4题。
3．之所以要“把推动经济基础变革同推动上层建筑改革结合起来”，是因为( )①经济基础决定上层建筑②上层建筑对经济基础具有反作用③经济基础对上层建筑具有反作用④上层建筑决定经济基础A．①② B．①③C．③④ D．②④解析：经济基础决定上层建筑，上层建筑对经济基础具有反作用，①②说法正确，③④说法错误。
答案：A4．下列对我国改革认识正确的有( )①改革是为了解放和发展生产力②改革的根本目的是使生产力适应生产关系的发展③改革是发展中国特色社会主义的强大动力④改革就是要改变我国的基本经济、政治制度A．①④ B．①③C．②③ D．②④解析：改革的目的是使生产关系适应生产力的发展，②说法错误；我国的改革是要调整生产关系中与生产力不相适应的部分，而不是要改变我国的基本经济、政治制度，④说法错误。
答案：B5．我国近代史上，曾出现过袁世凯称帝、张勋复辟的闹剧，这些闹剧都以失败而告终。
人教版高中英语必修四第四单元_Body_Language测试题_附答案
必修四第四单元练习题Book 4 Unit 4 Body Language 单元综合测试题第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
21. ______ apple fell from the tree and hit him on ______ head.A. An; theB. The; theC. An; 不填D.The; 不填22. At the class meeting, they discussed three different ________ tothe study of English.A．approaches B．means C．methods D．ways23. You must have ______ what I said because I didn’t expect you to do so.A. misusedB. misledC. misunderstoodD. mishandled24. ---You should have thanked her before you left.---I meant ______, but when I was leaving I couldn’t find her anywhere.A. to doB. toC. doingD. doing to25. Li Fang was chosen to _______ our school to attend the meeting.A. stand forB. instead ofC. representD. take the place of26. People have always been curious ________ how the universe began.A. inB. atC. ofD. about27. I guess we’ve already talked about this before but I’ll askyou again just ________.A. by natureB. in returnC. in caseD. by chance28. His drunk driving ______ this terrible accident, ______ thedeath of twenty people.A. resulted in; causingB. resulted from; causedC. resulted from; causingD. resulted in; caused29. ---It’s nice. Never before _______ such a special drink!---I’m glad you like it.A. I have hadB. I hadC. have I hadD. had I30. Though ______ to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.A. surprisingB. was surprisedC. surprisedD. being surprised31. Although the electricity was cut off, the hospital continued to ______ normally.A. helpB. functionC. performD. earn32. ---Have you nearly finished it？---________, I have only just begun.A. In other wordsB. On the other handC. On the contraryD. In a word33. _______ received his reply, I rang him up again.A. Having notB. Having beenC. Not having beenD. Not having34. Studies show that people are more ______ to suffer from backproblems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.A. likelyB. possibleC. probableD. sure35. Listen! Do you hear someone ______ for help?A. callingB. callC. to callD. called第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
高中语文选择性必修中册第四单元检测(提升卷)(含答案)
高中语文选择性必修中册第四单元检测（提升卷）试卷分数：150分考试时间：150分钟1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读Ⅰ（本题共5小题，19分）阅读下面的文章，完成1～5题。
①中国戏剧创作的繁荣同古希腊悲剧的繁荣有着截然不同的文化背景和社会历史条件。
在古希腊悲剧走向繁荣的时候，人还没有完全把自我同自然割裂开来，人与自然的关系还是一种主要的关系，人还在神的主宰之下，人性和神性的对立还是一种主要的对立形式。
古希腊的戏剧家是西方最早的文学艺术家，他们决定了此后西方人对文学艺术和文学艺术家的基本理解形式和接受形式。
②人的悲剧不仅仅是由于人的道德品质造成的，也不仅仅是由于社会原因造成的，同时还因为人无法从根本上超越自己而造成的。
在人之外还有一个更巨大的力量制约着人、人的命运和人的发展，人没有左右自己全部命运的自由性，人的自由性是在人的悲剧性抗争中获得的。
这是感受和理解西方所有悲剧性作品的一种基本的观念。
哈姆莱特的悲剧不仅仅有哈姆莱特的过错，不仅仅有他母亲和国王的过错，更有哈姆莱特根本无法超越的诸种无法直接感知的原因；安娜·卡列尼娜的悲剧不仅仅由于她和渥伦斯基的道德情操上的缺陷，更由于人的存在本身的不可克服的矛盾。
她的悲剧不仅仅是她的悲剧，也是所有女性的悲剧，甚至是整个人类的悲剧。
③而到了中国戏剧走向繁荣的时候，中国人已经把人从自然当中绝对地分离开来，人与神的关系已经不是主要的关系。
在儒家文化中，人是一个完全自足的系统，人的问题、社会的问题可以靠人的努力完全地得到解决，人的所有悲剧都是由于人的过错、个人的过错造成的。
人应当为自己所有的缺陷而担负罪责。
所以，中国的悲剧不具有真正的超人间的因素，神魔鬼怪也只是世间善恶真假美丑各种不同力量的外部助力，而不具有自我的独立性。
④西方悲剧美学中的悲剧，都是贵族性的，这种贵族性具体表现在两种相蝉联的戏剧冲突形式中，一是人的意志与神的意志的冲突，一是个人意志与社会意志的冲突。
高二政治必修四生活与哲学第四单元测试题及答案
高二政治必修四生活与哲学第四单元测试题及答案一、选择题(本题有25小题，每小题2分，共50分。
在每题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
)1、社会历史观的基本问题是A.经济基础和上层建筑的关系问题B.生产力和生产关系之间的关系问题C.社会存在和社会意识的关系问题D.人民群众和杰出人物的关系问题2、“昼出耕田夜绩麻，村庄儿女各当家;童孙未解供耕织，也傍桑荫学种瓜。
”这首诗蕴含的哲理是：A.社会意识与社会存在无关B.社会存在决定社会意识C.人的意识与自然环境无关D.自然环境决定人的意识3、鲁迅先生说：“穷人绝无开交易所折本的懊恼，煤油大王哪会知道北方捡煤渣老婆子深受的酸辛，灾区的饥民，大约总不会去种兰花，像阔老太爷一样……”这段话包含的历史唯物主义的道理是①社会意识是社会存在在人们头脑中的反映②社会意识对社会存在具有反作用③每个人的意识，要受到社会生活的制约，取决于他们的社会地位、生活环境④社会生活在本质上是实践的A.①②B.②③④C.①③D.①②④2009年3月27日至28日，深入学习实践科学发展观活动第一批总结暨第二批动员会议在北京召开。
回答4—5题：4、科学发展观是改革开放伟大实践的产物，同时它又指导我们不断取得改革开放的新胜利。
这一论述主要体现了A.社会意识决定社会存在的道理B.社会历史由人的目的决定的道理C.生产力和生产关系的辨证关系D.社会存在和社会意识的辨证关系5、从社会历史观的角度看，我国开展深入学习实践科学发展观活动的哲学依据是A.意识对于改造客观世界具有指导作用B.各种各样的社会意识都是对社会存在的反映C.先进的社会意识对社会发展起积极的推动作用D.社会意识总是落后于社会存在的变化发展2009年3月5日，*总理在《政府工作报告》中指出，国务院机构改革基本完成，地方机构改革稳步推进。
回答6—8题：6、政府机构改革是政治体制改革的重要内容，是完善社会主义市场经济体制的必然要求。
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2.下列各句中加横线的词解释错误的一项是（ B ） A. 再迁为太史令 B. 连辟公府不就 C. 衡善机巧 再迁：两次升迁 辟：开辟 机巧：器械方面制造的巧妙
大王遣一介之使至赵 公之视廉将军孰与秦王
26.下列各句加点的“以”字用法归类正确的一项是（ D ）
①秦亦不以城予赵 ③宁许以负秦曲 ⑤而蔺相如徒以口舌为劳 ⑦严大国之威以修敬也 ⑨以相如功大，拜为上卿 A．①/②⑤/③④⑧/⑥⑦⑨
C．①②⑥/③④⑦⑧/⑤⑨
②以勇气闻于诸侯 ④请奉盆缶秦王，以相娱乐 ⑥且以一璧之故，逆强秦之欢 ⑧则请立太子为王，以绝秦望
A．①②④/⑤⑦⑨/⑥⑧/③⑩
B．①⑧/②③/④⑩/⑤⑥⑦⑨
C．①④⑨/②⑥⑦/③⑩/⑤⑧
D．①⑧/②⑥⑦/③⑤⑨/④⑩
28.下列各项中，句式与其他三项不同的一项是（ D ） A．秦城恐不可得，徒见欺 B．使不辱于诸侯 C．臣诚恐见欺于王而负赵
D．计未定，求人可使报秦者
29.下列句中加点词的解释，不正确一项是( A.不好交接俗人 B.连辟公府不就
B．拜为上卿，以勇气闻于诸侯（拜访） C．相如虽驽，独畏廉将军哉（唯独）
D．求人可使报秦者（报复）
23．下列句子中加点词古今同义的一项是（ D ） A．传以示美人及左右 B．璧有瑕，请指示王
C．未尝有坚明约束者也 D．赵岂敢留璧而得罪于大王乎
24.下列句中句子中加点词的用法和意义完全相同的一 项是（ C ） A．因宾客至蔺相如门前谢罪 B．今君乃亡赵走燕
①秦城恐不可得，徒见欺 ③效死于前 ⑤举孝廉不行 ⑦为降虏于蛮夷 ⑨终不能加胜于赵
A．① ② ④ ⑤ ⑥ C．② ③ ④ ⑥ ⑧
②君幸于赵王 ④皆为陛下所成就 ⑥以勇气闻于诸侯 ⑧幸蒙大⑨
5．下列说法不正确的一项是：（ D ）
A．《史记》是我国第一部纪传体通史，它记述了上自传说中的黄 帝，下至汉武帝三千年的历史，具有极高的史学价值和文学价值， 被鲁迅誉为“史家之绝唱，无韵之《离骚》”。 B．东汉人班固写的《汉书》是我国第一部纪传体断代史，它记述 了汉高祖之后的229年的历史，行文结构严谨，语言精炼，对后世 的史学和文学有较大的影响。 C．“遂通五经，贯六艺”中“五经”是指：《诗》、《书》、 《礼》、《易》、《春秋》；“六艺”是指：礼、乐、射、御、书、 数。 D．元杂剧每本戏有两个主角，男主角称正末，女主角称正旦；此 外还有净、丑、杂等。
19.《廉颇蔺相如列传》
（1）＿＿＿＿＿《史记》是我国历史上第一部＿＿＿＿＿ 体通史。
（2）于是舍人相与谏曰：臣所以去亲戚而事君者， ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿。
（3）今两虎共斗，其势不俱生。吾所以为此者， ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿。 （4）卒相与欢，＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿。
20． 下列说法正确的一项是：（ D ）
，
，
。”是借月来抒发离别情怀的。
3.《念奴娇》
（1）乱石穿空，惊涛拍岸 ， （2）江山如画， 。 （3）苏轼将周瑜的英气勃发，姿容雄伟在诗中写出： “ ， ， 。 。
。”
12.对《雨霖铃》一词下面表述有错误的一项是（ A ）
A.全词围绕“悲秋”构思，先写实景，后写虚拟之景。 B.全词围绕“伤离别”的构思，从离别之前写到别后的想 象，情景交融。
C．徒慕君之高义也 D．秦以城求璧而赵不许
不如因而厚遇之 乃使其从者衣褐
徒以吾两人在也 赵强而燕弱
25．下列句中“之”的用法和意义完全相同的一项是 （ B ） A．均之二策，宁许以负秦曲 B．卒相与欢，为刎颈之交 不知将军宽之至此也 赵王岂以一璧之故欺秦邪
C．欲勿予，即患秦兵之来 D．卒廷见相如，毕礼而归之
D．“秦亦不以城予赵，赵亦终不予秦璧”表明秦赵两国化干戈为玉帛。
16.下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析不正确的一项是（B）
A. 蔺相如献璧后，从秦王的倨傲无礼中，敏锐地看出“秦王无意偿赵城”， 就略施小计，把璧收回。趁势持璧而立，为下一步行动做好准备。 B. 蔺相如将赵王“修敬”与秦王“甚倨”进行对比，面责秦王无礼无信，并 用自己与璧同归于尽的决心来威胁对方，秦王想采取其他方法巧取豪夺，便 假意同意“十五都予赵”。 C. 蔺相如看出秦城实不可得，便提出“斋戒五日”和“设九宾于廷”，暂使 缓兵之计，以获得回旋余地，然后采取断然措施，派人暗中把璧送回赵国。 D. 蔺相如在大庭广众之下，引用历史上秦国失信的事实，揭露秦一贯背信弃 义，告示秦王，璧已送回赵国，并表示个人生死已置之度外。至此，秦王实 在无可奈何，只好接受事实，蔺相如取得“完璧归赵”的胜利。
C.这首词写离别前勾勒坏境，离别时刻描写情态，别后的 想象刻画心理。 D.这首诗主要内容是以冷落的秋景作为衬托来表达和情人 难以割舍的离情别绪。
13.“羽扇纶巾，谈笑间，樯橹灰飞烟灭”。对这句诗句理解 正确的一项是 （ D ）
A.“羽扇纶巾”，指诸葛亮。诗句表现出诸葛亮衣着儒雅，仪态从容， 大破曹军。
A.词小序中的“狼狈”是说在雨中感到窘迫、难堪，“不觉”指不 在乎。
B.首句中的“莫听”意思是不用管；“吟啸”的意思是放声长啸。 C.“一蓑烟雨”一句是说自己对披蓑衣、冒风雨的生活，向来处之 泰然。
D.“山头斜照”一句是说云开雨霖，落日有情，默默斜晖，映照我 身。
15.下列表述有误的一项是( D )
A．宦官（fàn） 避匿（nì ） 缪贤（miù） 礼节甚倨（jù） B．袒露（tǎn） 赦免（shè） 睥睨（nì ） C. 不肖（xiāo） 驽钝（nú） 不怿（yì ） 白璧微瑕（xiá） 望风披靡（mí ）
D．列观（guān） 渑池（miǎn） 衣褐（yī）
刎颈之交（wěn）
22．下列句中加点词的解释正确的一项是（A ） A．使人遗赵王书（送给）
8．下列句中不全含通假字的一项是（ C ） A．唯大王与群臣孰计议之 B．一时收禽，上下肃然 C．傍行八道
D．合盖隆起，形似酒尊
召有司案图 可予不 衡少善属文
振声激扬
9．下列各句中加点的词与现代汉语词义相 同的一项是（ D ） A．璧有瑕，请指示王 B．公车特征拜郎中 C．鄙贱之人，不知将军宽之至此也 D．未尝有坚明约束者也
A．《廉颇蔺相如列传》，主要是通过对“完璧归赵”“渑池之会”和“负荆
请罪”三个故事的叙述，歌颂了蔺相如机智勇敢、顾全大局、维护团结的精 神，以及廉颇勇于改过的可贵品质。
B．司马迁，西汉著名的史学家和文学家。《史记》原名《太史公书》或《太 史公记》，是我国第一部纪传体通史。《史记》不仅具有史学价值，也具有 很高的文学价值，鲁迅评之为“史家之绝唱，无韵之离骚”。 C．“完璧归赵”一节，在写蔺相如出使前，先借缪贤之口对其作了介绍，这 不仅从侧面表现出蔺相如是一个智勇双全的人，也为下文写蔺相如作了铺垫。
B．①②⑤⑨/③④⑦/⑥⑧
D．①/②⑤/③④⑦⑧/⑥⑨
27.下列各项中，词类活用分类正确的一项是（ B ）
①均之二策，宁许以负秦曲 ②乃使其从者衣褐 ③遂许斋五日，舍相如广成传 ④且庸人尚羞之 ⑤故令人持璧归，间至赵矣 ⑥赵王于是遂遣相如奉璧西入秦 ⑦相如视秦王无意偿赵城，乃前曰 ⑧毕礼而归之 ⑨卒廷见相如 ⑩以先国家之急而后私仇也
B.“羽扇纶巾”，指诸葛亮。诗句表现出诸葛亮衣着儒雅，仪态从容， 协助周瑜大破曹军。
C.“羽扇纶巾”，指周瑜。诗句表现出周瑜衣着儒雅，仪态从容，在 诸葛亮协助下大破曹军。
D.“羽扇纶巾”，指周瑜。诗句表现出周瑜衣着儒雅，仪态从容，大 破曹军。
14.对苏轼《定风波》中语句的解说，不恰当的一项是 （ B ）
（5）在《望海潮》中，山清水秀，繁花茂盛，桂花飘香，荷花满湖： “ ， ， 。”
（6）描写了茂密如云的树木，浪涛汹涌的海潮：“
，
，
。”
2.《雨霖铃》
（1）执手相看泪眼， （2）念去去，千里烟波 ， （3） （4）开篇就奠定感情基调：“ 。 。 ？杨柳岸，晓风残月。 ， ， 。 ”皆为以景托情。
（5）“
10. 下列选项中句式一样的是（ AB ） A. 拜送书于庭 B. 何以知之 以勇气闻于诸侯 未之有也 会于西河外渑池 君何以知燕王
C. 设九宾于庭
果地震陇西
连辟公府不就
D. 求人可使报秦者 游于三辅
廉颇者，赵之良将也
11. 名句默写
1.《望海潮》
（1） （2）云树绕堤沙， （3）重湖叠巘清嘉， （4） ， ， ，天堑无涯。 ， 。 ，嬉嬉钓叟莲娃。 ，参差十万人家。
A．文中对秦王“秦王怒，不许”“不怿，为一击缻”的描写，表 现了他色厉内荏、难以下台的窘态。
B．蔺相如“前进缻，因跪请秦王”中“前”这一极为普通的动作， 却表现出蔺相如极不平常的机智；而“跪”表现了他对秦王的恭敬， 显示出两人地位的悬殊。
C．文字运用对比的手法把这场紧张的斗争写得有声有色，扣人心 弦。 D．“渑池之会”表现了蔺相如能言善辩、娴于辞令的外交家的身 份，同时淋漓尽致地表现出蔺相如蔑视权贵的凛然气概。
D.自此以后，乃令史官记地动所从方起 译为：从此以后，才命令史官记下地震发生的方位
6.下列各组句子中，加横线的词的意义和用法相 同的一组是（ D ） A. 因入京师 B. 安帝雅闻衡善术学 C. 尤致思于天文阴阳历算 D. 而无骄尚之情 因以讽谏 察纳雅言 游于三辅 妙尽璇机之正
7．下列各组句子中，加点词语的解释全都正确的一项是 （ A ）
A．①秦王恐其破璧，乃辞谢 谢：道歉 ②上书乞骸骨 乞骸骨：请求赐还自己的身体，回家乡去 B．①相如奉璧奏秦王 ②即患秦兵之来 C．①安帝雅闻衡善术学 ②终不能加胜于赵 D．①严大国之威以修敬也 ②而君幸于赵王 奏：呈现，进献 患：忧患，灾祸 雅：素常 加：更加 严：尊重 幸：侥幸
A．“遂通五经，贯六艺”中“五经”是指：诗、书、礼、 易、左传；“六艺”是指：礼、乐、射、御、书、数。 B．《两都赋》的作者是张衡，《二京赋》的作者是班固。 二都与两京都指长安和洛阳。 C．“拜、迁、转、徙”都是指调动官职。 D．《后汉书》与《史记》、《汉书》、《三国志》被称 为“四史”。