高考英语_过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语作用与用法精练
动词ed形式作定语表语宾语补足语和状语
动词-ed形式作定语，表语，宾语补足语和状语一、动词-ed形式作定语过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠得很紧, 渐渐地成为一个复合词。
这种分词叫分词形容词(the Participle Adjective), 实际上相当于一个单纯的形容词, 除表示“完成”的动作之外, 还表示“被动”的意义。
如：spoken English (英语口语)；iced beer (冰冻啤酒)；cooked food (熟食); fried chips (炸土豆条);但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作, 而不表示“被动”意义。
如: boiled water(开水); fallen leaves(落叶) ; the risen sun(升起的太阳)等。
(1)前置定语单个的动词-ed形式,一般放在被修饰的名词的前面, 作前置定语。
The excited people rushed into building. 激动的人们冲进大楼。
(=the people who were excited)Lost time can never be found again．虚度的时光, 无法挽回。
(=time which is lost)(2)后置定语①少数单个动词的-ed形式, 如left等, 只能作后置定语。
1. Everything used should be marked．所有用过的东西应该做好标记。
2. Among the invited were some ladies．被邀请的人中, 有些是女士。
3. The books left are for my students．剩下的书是给我的学生的。
②动词-ed形式短语作定语时, 通常要放在被修饰的名词的后面, 在意思上相当于一个定语从句。
及物动词的过去分词作定语用来表示被动,可改为带被动语态的定语从句;不及物动词的过去分词(仅限于单个过去分词,且不能后置)则表示完成,可改为带有完成时态的定语从句。
过去分词作定语,表语,宾语补足语
过去分词作定语过去分词是非谓语动词的一种。
从语法功能分析，过去分词兼有动词，形容词或副词的特性，可在句中充当定语，表语，宾语补足语或状语。
考点1. 过去分词作定语1.过去分词作定语的位置1）单个过去分词：一般情况下。
单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词之前。
有时为了表示强调，也可放在所修饰词之后。
A watched pot never boils. 心急锅不开。
（谚语）Money spent is more than money earned。
花的钱比挣的钱多。
2）过去分词短语：过去分词短语往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之后。
This will be the best novel of its kind of ever written. 这部小说将是这类小说中写得最好的。
This is the soldier wounded in the battle. 这就是战斗中受伤的战士。
真题链接After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _______.A. providingB. providedC. have providedD. provide2.过去分词作定语的时态和语态意义1）及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成，即被修饰词通常是过去分词所表示的动作的承受着，且该动作已经完成。
The question discussed yesterday. 昨天讨论的那个问题。
The person killed last year. 去年被杀的那个人。
2）不及物动词的过去分词作定语仅表示完成，不表示被动。
Autumn comes, and there are many fallen leaves in the yard. 秋天来了，院子里有许多落叶。
When I got up and went into the yard, I saw the risen sun. 当我起床并走进院子时，我看到太阳已经升起来了。
高考英语过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语作用与用法精练
过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语作用与用法过分(表示和被动的动作) 是有形容词.副词的作用,在句中可以用作定语,表语,宾语补足语和状语足语和状语1.定语: 过分做定语,表示分词的动作与所修饰的名词之间存在被动关系,单一的确过去分词做定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前,过去分词短语作定语放在被修饰的名词之后,过去分词及过去分词短语作定语均可以转换为一个定语从句过去分词短语作定语均可以转换为一个定语从句The broken window (=The window which was broken) will be replaced soon. 破损的窗户很快就会被换掉. The books bought yesterday (=which were bought yesterday) are of high quality. 昨天买的书确实很不错昨天买的书确实很不错【点拨】过去分词和与其相关的名词、代词之间构成一种"动宾关系"，即"被动态"。
过去分词作定语，主要说明"业已完成的动作"或是"一个在以前某个未知时间发生的动作" 。
单个过去分词作定语，分词一般说来写在被修饰的名词、代词之前；分词短语作定语时，分词放在被修饰词之后在被修饰词之后(1)表示情绪的过去分词作定语：表示情绪的过去分词作定语：--She threw me a quick, frightened glance.他迅速而惊恐地看了我一眼他迅速而惊恐地看了我一眼--His face wore a puzzled expression.他脸上有一种困惑的表情他脸上有一种困惑的表情--He had a pleased look on his face.他脸上现出高兴的神情他脸上现出高兴的神情--We can hear his excited voice.我们可以听到他激动的声音我们可以听到他激动的声音----The inspired soldier soon calmed down. 那个受到鼓舞的士兵很快就平静下来了那个受到鼓舞的士兵很快就平静下来了--The frightened girl sat in the corner quietly. 那位吓得惊慌的姑娘一声不响地坐在角落里。
19-20版：Grammar——过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语(创新设计)
Grammar——过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语[思维导图]一、过去分词作定语[观察·感悟]①We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.＝We must adapt our thinking to the conditions that changed.我们必须调整思路来适应改变了的情况。
②The concert given by their friends was a success.＝The concert which/that was given by their friends was a success.他们的朋友举办的音乐会很成功。
③He is one of those invited.他是那些被邀请的人之一。
④The experience gained is very useful.获取的经验很有用。
⑤in the given time在既定的时间内with the words given用所给的单词⑥a concerned look一个关切的神情the people concerned有关人士[探究·归纳]1.过去分词作定语时，相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。
分词所表示的动作与其所修饰的名词构成动宾关系。
单个的过去分词作定语时，常常置于其所修饰的名词前；而过去分词短语作定语时，常常置于其所修饰的名词后。
过去分词及过去分词短语作定语一般可转换为一个定语从句。
2.过去分词修饰something，everything，anything，nothing，somebody，nobody 等不定代词以及指示代词those时，要放在这些词的后面。
3.单个的过去分词有时置于名词后作定语，表示强调。
4.有些过去分词作前置定语与后置定语时意义不同。
[名师指津]及物动词的过去分词除表示“完成”的动作之外，还表示“被动”的意义。
过去分词作定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语精讲
用心爱心专心1 过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语作用与用法过去分词：表示完成和被动的动作，具有形容词.副词的作用主要形式：done,have done, had done可作成分：定语,表语,宾语补足语和状语1.定语:表示分词的动作与所修饰的名词之间存在被动关系,或指一个动作的完成。
1）单一过去分词做定语——被修饰的名词之前（除了不定代词something, everything, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody ，those...）E.g. It was the lost cat. =It was the cat which had lost. Nothing reported ( in the newspaper) interested him. 2）过去分词短语作定语——被修饰的名词之后单个过去分词及过去分词短语作定语均可以转换为一个定语从句E.g. E.g. People People People addicted addicted addicted to to to drugs drugs drugs are are are dangerous.=People dangerous.=People dangerous.=People who who who are are are addicted addicted addicted to to drugs are dangerous. This is a novel written by Luxun.=This is a novel which is written by Luxun. 【点拨】过去分词和与其相关的名词、代词之间构成一种"动宾关系"，即"被动态"。
过去分词作定语，主要说明"业已完成的动作"或是"一个在以前某个未知时间发生的动作" 。
非谓语动词中过去分词作表语,定语和宾补的用法
C. lost
D. missed
巩固练习 单项填空
4.The murderer was brought in, with his hands ______ behind his back. A. being tied C. to be tied A. invited invited C. being invited A. been turned down C. to be turned down B. having tied D. tied B. to invite D. inviting B. turned turned down down D. to turn down
5.Most of the people______ to the party were famous scientists.
6.He was disappointed to find his suggestions________.
THANKS
他的腿断了。 （自己的经历）
过去分词作宾补时，要注意几种情况。
2.过去分词在原句中作宾补时，如果原句变为被动语态，那么过
去分词就在新句中作主补了。
eg. 1)The big fire is reported controlled. 据报道这场大火已经得到控制。 2)The meeting room was found thoroughly cleaned and everything arranged in good order.
三. 过去分词作宾补
2.表示“致使”意义的动词。如：have, make, get, keep, leave等。 eg. 1)I’ll have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要理发。 2)He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。 3)Don’t leave those things undone. 要把那些事情做完。 过去分词作宾补表示的意义： 过去分词作宾补时，过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑 上的动宾关系。如例句(4)，动宾关系是pull out his tooth；例句 (6)，动宾关系是settle this matter。
高考英语语法：Grammar句子成分
B. make, get, have, help, leave 等表示“致 使”意义的动词 What made them so frightened? C. like, want, wish, order 等表示“希望、 要求”等意义的动词 He won’t like such questions discussed at the meeting. 他不想让这样的问题在会上讨论。
完成句子。 1. _______ Polluted (污染的)air and water are harmful to people’s health. 2. The problem discussed ____________________ at the meeting (在会议上讨论的) yesterday was very difficult to solve.
⑵ 现在分词与过去分词的区别: ① 定语中 现在分词作定语常表示“动作正在 进行”,此时或当时的状态等;过去分词 则常表示“动作发生在谓语动词的动作 前”等;被修饰的名词一般是现在分词 的逻辑主语,是过去分词的逻辑宾语。
如: I know the man standing there.
我认识站在那儿的那个人。 Is there anything planned for tonight? 今晚有什么活动吗？
D. having exhausted
12. You can make yourself ___ in
English pretty well if you keep on
speaking the language.
A. understand B. understanding C. to understand D. understood
过去分词用法总结
过去分词用法总结过去分词是动词的另一种非限定形式，在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。
一、过去分词作定语1. 一般情况下，单个分词作前置定语，过去分词短语作后置定语。
如：a used car旧车，a playground built last year去年修建的一个操场。
2. 及物动词的过去分词表示“被动”和完成”。
Many people questioned refused to answer. 被问的许多人都拒绝回答。
Five people won the “China’s Green Figure” award, a title given to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection. 五人获得了“中国绿色人物奖”，这是一个颁给对环保有贡献的普通人物的奖项。
3. 不及物动词的过去分词作前置定语，只表示“完成”，不表示被动。
如：the risen sun已升起的太阳，fallen leaves落叶。
4. astonish, disappoint, encourage, excite, frighten, interest, move, please, puzzle, satisfy, surprise, tire等表示心理状态的动词的过去分词作定语，表示被修饰的词所具有的特征，意为“感到……的”。
（其现在分词表示所修饰的词本身所处的状态，意为“令人……的”）。
Mr. Smith, tired of the tiring speech, started to read a novel. 史米斯先生厌倦了乏味的演讲,开始读小说。
This is a boring lecture. 这是一个令人厌烦的报告。
The excited children couldn't go to sleep all night long.这些兴奋的孩子整个晚上无法入睡。
过去分词作定语、表语、宾补
having been done
done
This is the telephone designed in the early time.
an amphibious car
I was excited at the new invention.
Stephenson’s “Rocket”
Stephenson’s invention made all of us surprised.
现在 分词
一般时(表示分词的动 作和谓语动词的动作
同时发生)
完成时(表示分词的动 作发生在谓语动词的
动作之前)
过去 过去分词无人称和数 分词 的变化,也没有时态和
语态的变化
doing
being done
having done
doing
having been done
being done
having done
to read a ____ novel. (2003 北京春) A. tired, boring B. tiring, bored C. tired, bored D. tiring, boring
二、 过去分词作表语
过去分词作表语表明主语的感受或所处的状态。 如： The cup is broken. 茶杯破了。
neighbour (know) as “frequently drunk”. The boy
opened the door and made a cup of tea for the drunk.
Later the man became sober. When he realized what had
三、动词-ed形式作宾语补足语
高考英语简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题
简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题一、句子成份英语句子成分有主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，表语，定语，状语等。
顺序一般是主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，而表语，定语，状语的位置要根据情况而定。
1、主语：表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如：Country music has become more and more popular.（名词）We often speak English in class.（代词）One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式）Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）What we are going to do has not been decided.（主语从句）It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）2、谓语：谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。
可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。
1)简单谓语：We study for the people.2)复合谓语：I can speak a little English. We are reading books. He has gone to Beijing..3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。
My sister is a nurse.Is it yours?（代词）The weather has turned cold.（形容词）The speech is exciting.（分词）Three times seven is twenty one?（数词）His job is to teach English.（不定式）His hobby（爱好）is playing football.（动名词）The ruler must be in your box.（介词短语）Time is up. The class is over.（副词）The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句）4、宾语: 宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后，We like English.How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.（数词）They helped the old with their housework yesterday.（名词化形容词）It began to rain.（不定式短语）I enjoy listening to popular music.（动名词短语）I think（that）he is fit for his office.（宾语从句）有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。
高考英语 过去分词作定语和表语精讲与精练
过去分词作定语和表语精讲与精练一、过去分词作定语1、在句中的位置单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词前面。
例如：a broken heart一颗破碎的心；a lost dog丧家之犬；a risen sun已升起的太阳；an organized trip 有组织的旅行；a broken glass被打破的玻璃杯但也有后置的情况，例如：The food left is not for you, but for my son.剩下的食物不是给你的，而是留给我儿子的。
过去分词短语作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词后面。
例如：a trip organized by the league由共青团组织的旅行a glass broken by the boy被这个男孩打破的玻璃杯The excited people rushed out of the building.2、所表示的意义过去分词作定语，有“被动”或“已完成”之意义。
表示“已完成”时，其动作先于谓语动词动作之前而发生，表示“被动”意义时，其时间性不强，多不明确。
例如：The letter posted yesterday will soon reach him.他很快就能收到昨天寄出的信了。
（已完成）Have you read the books written by the young writer你读过那位年轻作家写的小说吗（被动）3、转换过去分词作定语时，相当于一个定语从句，多可转换成定语从句。
例如：The stolen bike belongs to Jack.被偷的自行车是杰克的。
→ The bike which had been stolen belongs to Jack.The lecture given by Professor Zhang is about environment protection.张教授所做的报告是关于环境保护的。
38.过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语
过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语吴国斌1.过去分词作定语过去分词作定语表示完成或被动的动作，也有前置和后置两种情况。
单个过去分词一般作前置定语，过去分词短语通常作后置定语。
We only sell used books in our bookstore.我们的书店只卖用过的书。
The lost time can never be found again.逝去的时间永远也找不回来。
Mrs. White showed her students some old maps borrowed from the library.怀特夫人把从图书馆借来的旧地图给学生们看。
2.过去分词作表语过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的状态，一般位于连系动词的后面。
The shop has remained shut for a week.这家商店关门一周了。
All of us were moved to tears at the sorrowful story.听到那个悲伤的故事，我们都感动地流下泪来。
She looked tired with cooking.她由于忙着做饭，看上去有些疲倦。
〔注意〕有些过去分词作表语用，相当于形容词，最常见的有delighted，disappointed，discouraged，drunk，amused，astonished，hurt，interested，crowded，tired，satisfied，pleased，surprised，worried，excited，married，puzzled，upset 等。
3.过去分词作宾语补足语能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词，表示被动意义或已完成意义，有时候两者兼而有之。
作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。
在下面结构中常用过去分词作补语(1)在感官动词(see，hear，notice，watch等）和表示心理状态的动词(feel，find 等）后。
高考英语语法词汇专项突破：05聚焦不定式与分词作定语、表语及补足语+巩固训练
高考英语语法词汇专项突破：聚焦不定式与分词作定语、表语及补足语+巩固训练【高考试题展示】【考例1】（2022全国乙卷）It can help to build a community with a (share) future for mankind,” he said.答案与解析：shared。
考查非谓语动词过去分词作定语。
此处为非谓语动词做定语来修饰名词future。
因为动词share和名词future之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。
故填shared。
句意：这有助于构建人类命运共同体。
【考例2】（2022年浙江6月卷）Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not (do).答案与解析：to do。
考查不定式作宾语补足语。
tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不要做某事”为固定短语。
其中的不定式作宾语补足语，do与sb是主谓关系，即其动作由you发出，因此用不定式的主动形式，故填to do。
句意：通过触摸，这是画廊招牌告诉你不要做的一件事。
【考例3】（2020浙江1月卷）The median(中位数的)age of an American in 1950 was 30-today it is 41 and is expected (increase) to 42 by 2050.答案与解析：to increase。
考查非谓语动词不定式做主语补足语。
及物动词expect可以跟不定式作宾语补足语，即expect sb. to do sth., 根据其被动形式be expected to do sth.“被期望做某事”看出后跟不定式，不定式这时候是主语补足语。
故填to increase。
（2023新高考I卷）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, 【考例4】so I am always left (want) more next time.答案与解析：wanting。
过去分词做定语_表语和宾语补足语
She lit a match and saw a Christmas tree decorated very beautifully.
The lighted candles were burning brightly and she seemed very delighted.
She lit another one and saw her grandmother. She asked her grandmother to take her away.
It was snowing and very cold outside. A little girl was walking in the street, selling matches.
She looked very _w_o__rr_ie_d_ (worry) because there were lots of matches
The next day, people saw the girl frozen to death. What a poor girl !
Do you like the story?
If you were a passer-by, what would you do ?
Now let’s read it again and check whether you remember the red part or not.
beautifully.
The _li_g_h_t_e_d_ (light) candles were burning brightly and she seemed very _d_e_li_g_h_t_e_d (delight).
She lit another one and saw her grandmother. She asked her grandmother to take her away.
高考英语过去分词作定语表语和宾补精练
过去分词作定语、表语和宾补精练I. 单项选择：1. I don't know the girl ________ in the destroyed building because of the earthquake.A. to catchB. caughtC. catchingD. to be catching2. The foreign guests, ________ by some artists, came out of the hall.A. followingB. to followC. followedD. to be followed3. When I went in, they were ________ in a heated discussion.A. absorbB. absorbedC. absorbingD. being absorbed4. The young teacher is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them ______ in his lectures.A. interestedB. interestingC. interestD. to interest5. The girl ________ down by a car was dying.A. knockB. knockingC. knockedD. to knockII.用适当的非谓语动词形式填空。
1.He worked so hard that he got his pay . (raise)2. When I got home , the door remained _______(lock).3. The lecture______(give) by Professor Zhang is about environment protection4.People in the south have their houses (make ) of bamboo.5. Only in this way can you make yourself _________(understand).III. 用括号里的动词的正确形式完成下面这篇文章。
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过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语作用与用法1. I fell down and broke three of my teeth. I wonder how many times I have to come here and get my false teeth _______.A. fixB. fixingC. fixedD. to fix2. He looked around and caught a man ______ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A. putB. to be puttingC. to putD. putting3. The visit _____ to Guilin is worth remembering for ever.A. paidB. payingC. to payD. being paid4. Just as the value of a telephone network increases with each new phone ______ to the system, so does the value of a computer system increase with each program that ______.A. adding; turns onB. to have added; turn upC. to add; turns downD. added; turns out5. When I entered his office, I saw a gun ______ on the wall.A. fastenB. fastenedC. fasteningD. to fasten6. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _______ the next year.A. carry outB. carrying outC. carried outD. to carry out7. When I got there, I found the farm tools _______.A. having repairedB. repairedC. repairingD. be repairing8----How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?----The key ___the problem is to meet the demand ___ by the customers.A. to solving, makingB. to solving, madeC. to solve, makingD. to solve ,made9.You should understand the traffic rule by now. You've had it ___often enough.A. explainingB. to explainC. explainD. explained10.----There is a hole in your bag?----I know. I'm going to have it __________.A. mendB. mendingC.mendedD. to be mended参考答案1-10 CDADB CBDDC1. （NMET 2000 ）The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ______ the next year.A. carry outB. carrying outC. carried outD. to carry out2. （NMET 2002 ）The research is so designed that once ______, nothing can be done to change it.A. beginsB. having begunC. beginningD. begun3. （NMET 1994 ）The first textbooks _______ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A. having writtenB. to be writtenC. being writtenD. written4. （NMET 1997 ）The Olympic Games, _______ in 776 BC, did not include women players until 1912.A. first playingB. to be first playedC. first playedD. to be first playing5. （NMET 2002 春）Prices of daily goods _______ through a computer can be lower than store prices.A. are boughtB. boughtC. been boughtD. buying6. （2002 上海）Don't use words, expressions or phrases ______ only to people with specific knowledge.A. being knownB. having been knownC. to be knownD. known7. （2002 北京）－How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?－The key _______ the problem is to meet the demand _______ by the customers.A. to solving; makingB. to solving; madeC. to solve; makingD. to solve; made8. （NMET 1996 ）______ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.A. LosingB. Having lostC. LostD. To lose9. （2000 上海）_______ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.A. Being foundedB. It was foundedC. FoundedD. Founding10. （NMET 2000 春）______ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation.A. GivenB. To giveC. GivingD. Having given11. （2004 浙江）Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, ______ as 3M.A. knowingB. knownC. being knownD. to be known12. ______ time, he'll make a first-class tennis player.A. HavingB. To giveC. GivingD. Given13. （2003 北京春）Mr Smith, ______ of the ______ speech, started to read a novel.A. tired; boringB. tiring; boredC. tired; boredD. tiring; boring14. China is a ______ country and we should introduce _______ science and technology from the_______ countries.A. developed; advanced; developedB. developing; advanced; developedC. developing; advancing; developingD. developed; advancing; developing15. Because of my ______ English, I can't make myself ______.A. broken; understandB. broken; understoodC. break; understoodD. breaking; understanding16. What do you think of the play _______ by Class Three, Grade Two?A. to be put onB. put onC. being put onD. having been put on17. The old man walked in the street, ______.A. followed by his sonB. followed his sonC. and following his sonD. and followed by his son18. I saw him _______ behind the tree thinking.A. satB. seatedC. seatingD. seat19. Most of the people _______ to the party were famous scientists.A. invitedB. to inviteC. being invitedD. inviting答案与解析：cddcbddccabdabbbaba。