高考英语核心语法归纳练习(一)名词联盟(含练习答案)概述

了解课标高考真题，明确语法核心考点近两年课标卷“语法填空”对比分析表高考英语核心语法归纳练习OutlineⅠ名词联盟（冠词、数词、名词、代词、介词）Ⅱ动词王国（谓语和非谓语）Ⅲ形容词副词协会Ⅳ连词家族和句子系列Ⅰ名词联盟板块整合综述：名词为中心，冠词打前站，一带一路，数词代词来作伴，还需介词作中介。

冠词，数词，代词和介词围绕名词使用，服务名词。

例：Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs is a famous fairy tale in the world, which has冠数名介代been very popular with children.冠词一．备考目标题型及考点点拨语法填空：不给提示词的设空，应缩小词类范围为虚词，冠词是其中之一，容易考到不定冠词和定冠词。

【高考真题集锦】（2015课标卷II）The adobe dwellings(土坯房）…are admired by even __62__ most modern of architects and engineers.（2014课标卷Ⅰ）Now, years later, this river is one of 63 most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.答案：62. the 63. the短文改错：遗漏、多余及不定冠词和定冠词错用的情况。

书面表达：正确使用冠词。

二．概念：冠词(art.) 用在名词前，帮助说明名词。

包括不定冠词，定冠词和零冠词。

三．冠词用法（一）零冠词情况总结所谓用零冠词，即既不用定冠词，也不用不定冠词。

这类情况主要有：1. 表泛指的不可数名词或复数名词前。

如：Snow was failing. 正在下雪。

Children get a better education today than at any time in the past. 现今孩子们受的教育比过去任何时候都好。

2. 倒装的让步状语从句中：在as(虽然)引导让步状语从句前面的单数可数名词前不用冠词。

如：Child as he was, he knew how to help others. 他虽是个孩子，但已知识如何帮助别人。

3. 某些特殊词前：例如在man(人，人类), word(消息)的前面不用冠词。

如：Man is a rational animal. 人是理性的动物。

Word came that he had married again. 有消息说，他又结婚了。

又如动词turn(变成)，go(变成)后作表语的名词前通常用不用冠词。

如：He was a teacher before he turned writer. 他在成为作家之前是教师。

4. 独立主格结构中：在表示伴随或补充说明用用的独立主格结构中，名词前不用冠词。

如：The teacher came in, book in hand. 老师走进教室，手里拿着书。

He was sitting in the chair, pipe in mouth. 他坐在椅子里，嘴里叼着烟斗。

5. “(a) kind [sort] of＋名词”结构的“名词”前：该结构中的“名词”不管是单数还是复数，其前都通常用零冠词。

如：This kind of book is very interesting. 这种书很有趣。

He is the sort of person I really dislike. 他这种人我真不喜欢。

6. 表抽象意义的单数名词前：当单数可数名词含义抽象化具有形容词意味时，通常用零冠词。

如：I was fool enough to accept his offer. 我接受他的提议真是太傻了。

Are you man enough for this dangerous job? 你有勇气敢做这项危险的工作吗?（二）不定冠词规则不定冠词a / an用在单数名词的前面, a用在辅音开头的词前面; an用在元音开头的词的前面。

1.表示某一个人或东西,但不具体说明何人或何物。

如：There is a dog lying on the ground.2. 表示某类人或事物,以区别于其他种类。

如：An elephant is much stronger than a man.3. 表示某类人或事物中的任何一个。

如：He is a teacher of English.4. 表示“一”这个数量。

如：There is a table and four chairs in that dining-room.5. 用于一些习语、固定短语中：a bit(一点), a little(一点), a few(几个), a lot (许多), a kind of(一种), a pair of(一副、一双), a numberof(大量的), a piece of (一张、一片), half an hour(半小时), have a good time(玩得开心), have a cold(感冒), make a noise(发出嘈杂声), have/take a (rest等)(休息)一会儿, 等等。

（三）定冠词规则1.指上文已经提到过的人、事、物。

2.表示独一无二的事物前。

例如：the sun 太阳the moon 月亮the earth地球3.用于方位名词、某些专有名词前。

例如：the east东方the Great Wall 长城the Yangtze River 长江theUnited States美国4.表示演奏乐器的名词前。

例如：play the piano 弹钢琴play the violin拉小提琴5.姓氏复数前加the表示一家人；某些形容词前加the，表示一类人。

例如：the Georges 乔治一家人the rich富人the young 年轻人the blind 盲人6.用在形容词的最高级前。

例如：the largest country in the world 世界上最大的国家7.用于系数词前表示顺序。

例如：the first term 第一学期the second lesson 第二课the twenty-first century二十一世纪8.the+比较级，the+比较级，表示“越来越……”例如：The more exercise you take，the healthier you will be.你锻炼得越多，身体就越健康。

冠词练习一、单句填空（一空一词）1. Have you heard _____ news that the price of petrol is going up again?2. We went right round to the west coast by sea instead of driving across ____ continent.3. My neighbor asked me to go for ____ walk, but I don’t think I’ve got ____ energy.4. It’s not ____ good idea to drive for four hours without ___ break.5. Students should be encouraged to use ___ Internet as ___ resource.6. I ate ___ sandwich while I was waiting for _____ 20:08 train.7. ____ apple fell from the tree and hit him on ____ head.8. In many places in China, ___ bicycle is still___ poplar means of transportation.9. I looked under _____ bed and found ____ book I lost last week.10. ----How about _____ Christmas evening party?----I should say it was ____ success.11. Many people have come to realize that they should go on_____ balanced diet and make room in their day for exercise.12. ----Could you tell me the way to____ Johnsons, please?----Sorry, we don’t have____ Johnson here in the village.13. Some people fear that air pollution may bring about changes in___weather around the world.14. We can never expect ___ bluer sky unless we create _____ less polluted world.15. This area experienced ___ heaviest rainfall in ___ month of May.16. In order to find ___ better job, he decided to study ___ second foreign language.17. Let’s go to_____ cinema—that’ll take your mind off the problem for___ while.18. The biggest whale is ____ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters long—the height of ____ 9-storybuilding.19. What ___ pity that you c ouldn’t be there to receive___ prize!20. I don’t understand what the engineer means, but I’ve got___ rough idea of____ project plan.21. First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get ___ second chance to make ___ first impression.22. The foreign visitors are greatly impressed by the fact that people from all walks of life are working hard for____ new China.23. If we sit near ____ front of the bus, we’ll have____ better view.24. In most countries, a university degree can give you ____ flying start in life.25. It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park. It was ___ three-hour journey.二、语篇填空ADear Editor,I’m writing to tell you about [1] _____ discussion we’ve had about whether [2] ____ entrance fee should be charged for parks.Opinions are divided on [3]______ question. 60%of [4]_____students are against [5] _____ idea of entrance fees. They believe [6] ___ public park should be free of charge. People need [7]___ place where they can rest and enjoy themselves.Charging entrance fees will no doubt keep some people away. What is more, it will become necessary to build gates and walls, which will do harm to [8]____ appearance of [9]___city.On [10] _____other hand, 40% think that fees should be charged because you need money to pay gardeners and other workers, and to buy plants and young trees. They suggest fees should be charged low.Yours truly,Li HuaBWhen [1]____ plane from London arrived at Sydney airport，[2]____workers began to unload [3]____ number of wooden boxes which contained clothing. No one could account for [4]____ fact that one of [5]____ boxes was extremely heavy. It suddenly occurred to one of the workers to open up[6] ____ box. He was astonished at what he found. [7]____ man was lying in [8]____ box on top of a pile of woolen goods. He was so surprised at being discovered that he did not even try to run away. After he was arrested, [9]____ man admitted hiding in the box before [10]____ plane left London. He had had [11]____ long and uncomfortable trip, for he had been confined to [12]____ wooden box for over eighteen hours. [13]____ man was ordered to pay $ 3,500 for the cost of [14] ____ trip. [15]____ normal price of [16] ____ ticket is $ 2,000!三、单句改错（一句一错）（1） After a hour or so we began to feel very frightened.（2） Some people read the books or watch television while others have sports.（3） Good health is person’s most valuable possession.（4） Modern people know more about the health， have better food， and live in clearersurroundings.（5） There is public library in every town in Britain.（6） Maybe you could come during a winter holidays.（7） Today I visited the Smiths — my the first visit to an American family.（8） Each player must obey captain, who is the leader of the team.（9） I’ll take this chance to wish you wonderful time on your birthday.（10） Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd.（11） For an example, when I was a child, rain was a mystery（奥秘）。