L56
新视野大学英语读写教程Unit_5
路面很滑，加上大风，不可能骑车。
Quotation
Ideas not coupled with action never become bigger than the brain cells they occupied.
5. hook vt. (L21)
catch sth. by hook Examples
My father is hopelessly hooked by cigarettes.
Many students get hooked on computer games.
Translation
小贩的鬼把戏让他上钩了。
Key
He was hooked by the vender’s tricks.
mpeursstownaoiftt. en shakes hands.
3
1. When she smoked Marlboros and Players I hardened myself against feeling so bad; … (L7)
When she smoked Marlboros and Players I made myself become less sympathetic and less easily affected emotionally; …
8. starve of (L42)
vt. not give or not be given sth. that is needed 使缺乏；使得不到
Practice
这个地区的人们极需饮用水。 这棵植物因缺乏光照而死掉了。
Key
People in this region are starved of drinking water.
铝合金国外相似牌号
铝合金国外相似牌号1050A（L3）国外相似牌号国际标准：Al99.5（ISO）日本：A1050A（JIS）欧洲标准：EN AW 1050A（EN）法国：A5（NF）德国： Al99.5/3.0255（DIN）英国：1B（BS）美国：1050A（AA）1060（L2）国外相似牌号国际标准：Al99.6 (ISO) 日本：Al060（JIS）欧洲标准：EN AW 1060（EN）美国：1060（AA）1100（L5-1）国外相似牌号国际标准：Al99.0(ISO) 日本：Al100/AIN00（JIS)）欧洲标准：EN AW 1100（EN）法国：A45 加拿大：99 0C（CSA）美国：1100（AA）1200（L5）国外相似牌号国际标准：Al99.0（ISO）日本：Al200（JIS）俄罗斯：A0（ГOCT）欧洲标准：EN AW 1200（EN）法国：A4德国：Al99/3.0205（DIN）英国：1C（BS）意大利：Al99(UNI) 美国：1200（AA）2系列铝合金2017A国外相似牌号国际标准：Al Cu4MgSi（A）（ISO）日本：A2017A（JIS）俄罗斯：1120（ГOCT）欧洲标准：EN AW 20 17A（EN）法国：A-U4G（NF）德国：Al CuMg1/3.1325（DIN）英国：DTD150A（BS）美国：2017A（AA）2A01（LY1）国外相似牌号国际标准：~Al Cu2.5Mg（ISO）日本：~A2117（JIS）俄罗斯：Д18П（ГOCT）美国：~2117（AA）2A02（LY2）国外相似牌号俄罗斯：BД17（ГOCT）2A04（LY4）国外相似牌号俄罗斯：Д19П（ГOCT）2A06（LY6）国外相似牌号俄罗斯：Д19（ГOCT）2A10（LY10）俄罗斯：B65（ГOCT）2A11（LY11）国外相似牌号国际标准：Al Cu4MgSi（ISO）日本：A2017（JIS）俄罗斯：Д1（ГOCT）英国：DTD150A（BS）美国：20 17（AA）2A12（LY12）国外相似牌号国际标准：Al Cu4Mg1（ISO）日本：2024（JIS）俄罗斯：Д16/1160（ГOCT）欧洲标准：EN AW 2024（E N）法国：A-U4G1（NF）德国：Al Cu Si Mn/3.1255（DIN）英国：DTD5090（BS）加拿大：CG42（CSA）美国：2024（AA）2B11（LY8）国外相似牌号国际标准：Al Cu4Mg1（ISO）日本：A2017（JIS）俄罗斯：Д111/1111（ГOCT）欧洲标准：EN AW 2017（EN）法国：A-U4G（NF）德国：Al Cu Mg1/3.1325（DIN）美国：2017（AA）2B12（LY9）国外相似牌号国际标准：Al Cu4Mg1（ISO）日本：~A2024（JIS）俄罗斯：Д16П1161（ГOCT）欧洲标准：EN AW ~20 24（EN）法国：A-U4G1（NF）德国：~Al CuMn2/3.1355（DIN）美国：~2024（AA）2A14（LD10）国际标准：Al Cu Si Mg（ISO）日本：A2014（JIS）俄罗斯：AMr4（ГOCT）欧洲标准：EN AW 2014（EN）法国：A-U4SG（NF）德国：Al Cu Si Mn/3.1255（DIN）英国：H15/~L87（BS）意大利：9002/3（UNI）加拿大：CS41M（CSA）美国：2014（AA）2A16（LY16）国外相似牌号国际标准：Al Cu6Mn（ISO）日本：A2219（JIS）俄罗斯：Д20/1201（ГOCT）欧洲标准：EN AW 2219（E N）法国：A-U6MT（NF）英国：DTD5004（BS）意大利：9002/7（UNI）美国：2219（AA）2B16（LY16-1）国外相似牌号国际标准：Al Cu6Mn（ISO）日本：A2219（JIS）俄罗斯：Д20/1201（ГOCT）欧洲标准：EN AW 2219（E N）法国：A-U6MT（NF）英国：DTD5004（BS）意大利：9002/7（UNI）美国：2219（AA）2A17（LY17）国外相似牌号俄罗斯：Д21（ГOCT）日本：A2219（JIS）美国：2219（AA）2A50（LD5）俄罗斯：AK6（ГOCT）2B50（LD6）国外相似牌号俄罗斯：AK6-1（ГOCT）2A70（LD7）国外相似牌号日本：A2618（JIS）俄罗斯：AK4-1（ГOCT）法国：A-U2GN（NF）英国：RR58（BS）美国：2618（AA）2124国外相似牌号俄罗斯：Д16Ч（ГOCT）欧洲标准：EN AW 2124（EN）美国：2124（AA）2214国外相似牌号俄罗斯：AK8（ГOCT）欧洲标准：EN AW 2214（EN）英国：L87（BS）美国：2214（AA）2618A国外相似牌号欧洲标准：EN AW 2618A（EN）法国：A-U2GN（NF）英国：H16（BS）意大利：9002/6（UNI）美国：26 18A（AA）3系列铝合金3A21(LF21)国外相似牌号国际标准：Al Mn1 Cu（ISO）日本：A3003（JIS）俄罗斯：1400/AMЦ 欧洲标准：EN AW3003（EN）法国：A-M1（NF）德国：AlMnCu/3.0517(DIN) 英国：L61（BS）意大利：9003/1（UNI）加拿大：MC10M（CSA）美国：3003（AA）4系列铝合金4A11（LD11）国外相似牌号日本：A4032（JIS）俄罗斯：AK9（ГOCT）欧洲标准：EN AW 4032（EN）法国：A-S12UGN/A-S12UN（N F）意大利：9004/1（UNI）加拿大：SG121（CSA）美国：4032（AA）4A01（LT1）国外相似牌号国际标准：AlSi5（ISO）日本：A4043（JIS）俄罗斯：AK（ГOCT）法国：A-S5（NF）英国：N21（BS）加拿大：S5（CSA）美国：4043（AA）国际标准：Bal92.5Si（ISO）日本：BA4343（JIS）欧洲标准：EN AW 4343（EN）德国：L-AlSi7.5（DIN）美国：4343（AA）5系列铝合金5A02（LF2）国外相似牌号国际标准：Al Mg2.5（ISO）日本：A5052（JIS）俄罗斯：AMr2（ГOCT）欧洲标准：EN AW 5052（EN）法国：A-G2.5C（NF）德国：Al Mn2.5/3.3523（DIN）英国：L56/~N4（BS）意大利：9005/2（UNI）加拿大：GR20（CSA）美国：5052（AA）5A03（LF3）国外相似牌号国际标准：Al Mg3.5（ISO）日本：A5154（JIS）俄罗斯：AMr3（ГOCT）法国：A-G3C（NF）德国：SG-Al Mg3/3.3536（DIN）英国：近似N5（BS）加拿大：近似GR40（CSA）美国：5154（AA）5A05（LF5）国外相似牌号国际标准：Al Mg5Mn1/近似Al MgMn0.4（ISO）俄罗斯：AMr5（ГOCT）欧洲标准：EN AW 5019（EN）英国：近似N61（BS）美国：5456/5056（AA）5B05（LF10）国外相似牌号国际标准：Al Mg5Cr（ISO）日本：A5056（JIS）俄罗斯：AMr5（ГOCT）德国：Al Mg5/3.3555（DIN）英国：2L58/~N6（BS）加拿大：GM50R（CSA）美国：5056（AA）5A06（LF6）国外相似牌号俄罗斯：AMr6（ГOCT）5056（LF5-1）国外相似牌号国际标准：Al Mg5Cr（ISO）日本：A5056（JIS）俄罗斯：AMr5（ГOCT）德国：~AlMg5/3.3555（DIN）英国：2L58/~N6（BS）加拿大：GM50R（CSA）美国：5056（AA）5083（LF4）国外相似牌号国际标准：Al Mg4.5Mn0.7（ISO）日本：A5083（JIS）俄罗斯：AMr4（ГOCT）欧洲标准：EN AW 5083（E N）法国：A-G4.5MC（NF）德国：Al Mg4.5Mn/3.3347（DIN）A英国：N8（BS）意大利：9005/5（UNI）加拿大：GM41（CSA）美国：5083（AA）6系列铝合金国外相似牌号日本：A6165（JIS）俄罗斯：AB（ГOCT）美国：6165（AA）6061（LD30）国外相似牌号国际标准：Al Mg1 Si Cu（ISO）日本：A6061（JIS）俄罗斯：1340/AД33（ГOCT）欧洲标准：EN AW 60 61（EN）法国：A-GSUC（NF）德国：AlMg1CuSi/3.3214（DIN）英国：H20（BS）意大利：9006/2（UNI）加拿大：GS11N（CSA）美国：6061（AA）6063（LD31）国外相似牌号国际标准：Al Mg0.7Si（ISO）日本：A6063（JIS）俄罗斯：AД31（ГOCT）欧洲标准：EN AW 6063（EN）法国：A-GS（NF）英国：H19（BS）意大利：9006/5（UNI）加拿大：GS10（CSA）美国：6063（AA）6063A国外相似牌号国际标准：Al Mg0.7Si（A）（ISO）欧洲标准：EN AW 6063A（EN）德国：AlMgSi0.5（DIN）英国：DTD 372B（BS）美国：6063A（AA）7系列铝合金7A01（LB1）国外相似牌号日本：A7072（JIS）俄罗斯：AC1（ГOCT）欧洲标准：EN AW 7072（EN）德国：AlZn1（DIN）加拿大：Z 1（CSA）美国：7072（AA）7A04（LC4）国外相似牌号国际标准：Al Zn6MgCu（ISO）俄罗斯：B95（ГOCT）欧洲标准：：EN AW 7010（EN）德国：AlZnMgCu1. 5（DIN）意大利：9007/4（UNI）美国：7010（AA）7A09（LC9）国外相似牌号国际标准：Al Zn5MgCu（ISO）日本：A7075（JIS）俄罗斯：B95（ГOCT）欧洲标准：EN AW 7075（EN）法国：A-Z5GU（NF）德国：AlZnMgCu1.5/3.4365（DIN）英国：L96（BS）意大利：9007/2（UNI）加拿大：ZG62（CSA）美国：7075（AA）7005（NC5）国外相似牌号国际标准：Al Zn4.5Mg1.5Mn（ISO）日本：A7NO1（JIS）欧洲标准：EN AW 7005（EN）美国：7005（A A）7050国外相似牌号国际标准：Al Zn6Cu Mg Zr（ISO）日本：A7050（JIS）欧洲标准：EN AW 7050（EN）美国：7050（AA） 7475国外相似牌号国际标准：Al Zn5.5 Mg Cu （A）（ISO）俄罗斯：B95OЧ（ГOCT）欧洲标准：EN AW 7475（EN）美国：7475（AA）产品属性/技术参数：种类变形铝合金产地进口牌号LT98 铝含量余量（%）杂质含量标准（%）粒度标准（目）。
新概念第二册L56测试题和答案
新概念第二册L56 Faster than sound检测题一、翻译1.一年一次2.be held for3.enter for this race4.去年5. a great deal of excitement6. a great many7.break down8.on the course9.spend timeplete the race11.r each a speed of12.f aster than13.a ny of its rivals14.S ound15.E xcitement16.H andsome 17.s peed downhill18.at the end of19.做...有困难20.设法做21.与...不同22.m odern car races23.n o less exciting24.W heel25.E xplosion26.C ourse27.R ival28.S peed29.D ownhill30.B eautiful31.P retty32.G ood-looking33.T ake part34.T ake place35.大量的水36.途中故障37.没有对手38.f lush with excitement39.和......一样40.和......一样41.和......一样42.一个帅哥43.Under the car44.I n the car45.司机46.对手二、根据英文解释写出本课所学的英文单词1.__________ a person, company, or thing that competes with another in sport2.__________ an area of land or water where races are held3.__________ attractive or good-looking4.__________ to stop working because of a fault5.__________ finish all the parts三、短文填空I am Jackie Lee, an American Chinese. Let me tell you about my grandfather's life story.My grandfather was 71 in 1932 and grew up in a poor village in Fujian, China. At the age of 14, he first heard of America. It was said to be the land of gold and poor people could easily become 72 there.So, my grandfather came to America. “I had thought it was easy to 73 money in America,” he told me. “But when I 74 in Los Angeles, I realized it was not true. I couldn't find a good job because I spoke little English. I wanted to go to a language school to learn English, 75 I couldn't afford it. Later, I worked in a small 76 ，serving the guests, cleaning up the tables, washing the dishes and sweeping the floors. I was such 77 helpful and honest worker that my boss was pleased with me. I was popular with my workmates, 78 . Life became easier and in the end I entered an evening school to learn English.”My grandfather kept working hard, and finally made 79 dream come true. Things do not come easily in life. That is what I have learned 80 my grandfather.。
_新概念英语二册【NCE2】L56
2.3 Retell the story.
1 Did a lot of old cars enter for the race or not? How often is it held? (which)
2 What could be heard when they set off? Did many cars break down during the race or not? Did a few manage to complete the course or not? (and though)
2.1 Listen, repeat and check.
11 It was very different from modern car races but no less exciting.
different from modern car races no less
2.2 Restore the story.
旧式汽车的比赛每年举行一次。去年有很多汽车参加了这项比赛。比 赛开始之前，人们异常激动。最漂亮的汽车之一是罗尔斯--罗伊斯生产 的银鬼汽车，而最不寻常的一辆则要属只有3只轮子的奔驰牌汽车了。 该车造于1885年，是参赛车中最老的一辆。在好一阵喧闹的爆炸声之 后，比赛开始了。很多汽车在途中就抛了锚，而有些驾驶员花在汽车 底下的时间比坐在汽车里面的时间还长。然而还是有几辆汽车跑完了 全程。获胜的那辆车达到了时速40英里--远远超过任何对手。它在接 近终点时，冲下了山坡，驾驶员费了好大劲才把车停下来。这次比赛 使每个人都挺开心。它虽然与现代汽车比赛大不相同，但激动人心的 程度并不亚于现代化汽车大赛。
a great many loud explosion
2.1 Listen, repeat and check.
新概念英语第二册L56+Faster+than+sound课件
winning miles an
car __r_e_a_c_h_e__d___(达到了)
hour--much faster than
aanspyeoefditosf_rf_oi_v_ra_ty_ls__
(对手). It sped downhill at the end of the race and
only three wheels. B__u_i_lt__in__1_8__8_5,(该车造于1885年)
it was the oldest car taking part. After
_a__g__r_e_a_t__m__a__n_y_(许多)loud_b_r_o_k_e__d_o__w__n_(抛锚) on
分词做状语 主句
做题技巧:主主从动,主动现分，被动过分
1.______, the museum will be open to the public
next year.
A. Completing
B. Being completed
C. Completed
D. To be completed
2. We walked as fast as we could, ______ to catch the
early train.
A. hoped
B. hoping
C. for hoping
D. having hoped
3. ____ how to do the homework, I went to ask my
teacher for help.
A. Not to know
B. Not knowing
its driver had a lot of trouble trying to stop it.
新概念一册L55-L56课课件
usually adv. 通常
频率副词：指经常发生的习惯性的动作，与一般现在时连用 always总是 usually通常 often经常 sometimes有时 never从不
eg:你下午经常干什么？我经常玩电脑 -What do you usually do in the afternoon? -I usually play computer.
Mrs. Sawyer stays at home every day. She does the housework.
1.the Sawyers是指索耶一家人，在英文中，姓氏后面加-s,前面加定冠词the,用来指一家人 2.live at…住在…（后接小的地点）live in…住在…(大地点) 3.in the morning在上午 in the afternoon/ evening在下午/晚上 at noon在中午 at night在晚上 4.go to work 去上班 go to school去上学 5.take sb.(某人)to sp.(某地)---这里的sb.用人称代词宾格（me/us/you/him/her/it/them） 6.stay at home待在家 7.do the housework做家务
At night, the children always do their homework. Then they go to bed. Mr. Sawyer usually reads his newspaper, but sometimes he and his wife watch television.
hometown家乡 homework家庭作业
housework n.家务(不可数名词)
• do the housework 做家务 • eg:我妈妈每天做家务。
L型钢重量表
L63×8 7.469
不等边角钢
规格
重量
L25×16×3 0.912
L25×16×4 1.176
L32×20×3 1.171
L32×20×4 1.522
L40×25×3 1.484
L40×25×4 1.936
L45×28×3 1.687
L45×28×4 2.203
L50×32×3 1.908
L50×32×4 2.494
钢轨
规格
重量
第 3 页，共 3 页
L70×8 8.373
L75×5 5.818
L75×6 6.905
L75×7 7.976
L75×8 9.03
L75×10 11.089
L80×5 6.211
L80×6 7.376
L80×7 8.525
L80×8 9.658
L80×10 11.874
L90×6 8.35
L90×7 9.656
L90×8 10.946
L90×56×6 6.717
L90×56×7 7.756
L90×56×8 8.779
L100×63×6 7.55
L100×63×7 8.722
L100×63×8 9.878
L100×63×10 12.142
L100×80×6 8.35
L100×80×7 9.656
L100×80×8 10.946
L100×80×10 13.476
18.06
24#
24.46
38#
38.73
43#
44.65
50#
51.51
60#
60.64
QU70
52.8
QU80
V23818-K15-L56中文资料
Small Form FactorSingle Mode 1300 nm 1.0625 Gbit/s Fibre Channel1.25 Gigabit Ethernet Transceiver2x5/2x10 Pinning with LC™ ConnectorV23818-K15-Lxx Preliminary DataFiber OpticsFor ordering information see next page. LC™ is a trademark of Lucent.File: 1119 File: 1120Features•Small Form Factor transceiver•Complies with Fibre Channel and Gigabit Ethernet standards•RJ-45 style LC™ connector system•Available with or without collar•Half the size of SC Duplex 1x9 transceiver•Single power supply (3.3 V)•Low power consumption, 650 mW typical•Loss of optical signal indicator•Laser disable input•LVPECL differential inputs and outputs•AC/AC coupling in accordance to SFF MSA or optional DC/DC coupling version•For distance of up to 10 km on single mode fiber (SMF)•Class 1 FDA and IEC laser safety compliant •Multisource 2x5/2x10 footprint1)•Small size for high port density•UL 94 V-0 certified•Compliant with FCC (Class B) and EN 55022•Tx and Rx power monitor on 2x10 pinning version1)Current MSA documentation can be found at /fiberopticsOrdering Information Ordering InformationPart Number Pinning TemperatureRange SignalDetectCollar Input OutputV23818-K15-L372x50°C to 70°C LVPECL yes DC DC V23818-K15-L36–40°C to 85°CV23818-K15-L470°C to 70°C LVTTL AC AC V23818-K15-L46–40°C to 85°CV23818-K15-L172x100°C to 70°C LVPECL DC DC V23818-K15-L16–40°C to 85°CV23818-K15-L570°C to 70°C LVTTL AC AC V23818-K15-L56–40°C to 85°CV23818-K15-L352x50°C to 70°C LVPECL no DC DC V23818-K15-L45LVTTL AC ACPin ConfigurationFigure 12x10 Pin Connect Diagram2x10 Pin Description Pin No.Symbol Level/Logic Description1PDBiasDC current PIN photo detector bias current 2V EEr Ground Receiver signal ground 3V EErGroundReceiver signal ground 4NC Not connected 5NCNot connected6V EEr GroundReceiver signal ground 7V CCrPower supplyReceiver power supply8SD LVTTL or LVPECL output 1)1)LVPECL output active high for V23818-K15-L17/L16. LVTTL output active high for V23818-K15-L57/L56.Receiver optical input level monitor 9RD–LVPECL output Receiver data out bar 10RD+LVPECL output Receiver data out11V CCt Power supply Transmitter power supply 12V EEtGroundTransmitter signal ground 13TDis LVTTL input Transmitter disable 14TD+LVPECL input Transmitter data in 15TD–LVPECL input Transmitter data in bar 16V EEtGround Transmitter signal ground17BMon–DC voltage Laser diode bias current monitor 18BMon+DC voltage Laser diode bias current monitor 19PMon–DC voltage Laser diode optical power monitor 20PMon+DC voltageLaser diode optical power monitor MS Mounting studs HLHousing leadsFigure 22x5 Pin Connect DiagramV EEr / V EEtFor 2x10 transceivers, connect pins 2, 3, 6, 12 and 16 to signal ground. For 2x5transceivers, connect pins 1 and 7 to signal ground.2x5 Pin Description Pin No.Symbol Level/Logic Description1V EEr Ground Receiver signal ground 2V CCrPower supplyReceiver power supply3SD LVTTL or LVPECL output 1)1)LVPECL output active high for V23818-K15-L37/L36/L35. LVTTL output active high for V23818-K15-L47/L46/L45.Receiver optical input level monitor 4RD–LVPECL output Receiver data out bar 5RD+LVPECL output Receiver data out 6V CCt Power supply Transmitter power supply 7V EEtGround Transmitter signal ground 8TDis LVTTL input Transmitter disable 9TD+LVPECL input Transmitter data in 10TD–LVPECL inputTransmitter data in bar MS Mounting studs HLHousing leadsV/ V CCtCCrFor 2x10 transceivers a 3.3 V DC power supply must be applied at pins 7 and 11. For 2x5 transceivers a 3.3 V DC power supply must be applied at pins 2 and 6. A recommended power supply filter network is given in the termination scheme. Locate power supply filtering directly at the transceiver power supply pins. Proper power supply filtering is essential for good EMI performance.TD+ / TD–Transmitter data LVPECL level inputs. For V23818-K15-L47/L46/L57/L56/L45 terminated and AC coupled internally. For V23818-K15-L37/L36/L17/L16/L35 use termination and coupling as shown in the termination scheme.RD– / RD+Receiver data LVPECL level outputs. For V23818-K15-L47/L46/L57/L56/L45 biased and AC coupled internally. For V23818-K15-L37/L36/L17/L16/L35 use termination and coupling as shown in the termination scheme.TDisA logical LVTTL high input will disable the laser. To enable the laser, an LVTTL low input must be applied. Leave pin unconnected if feature not required.SDLVTTL output for V23818-K15-L47/L46/L57/L56/L45.LVPECL output for V23818-K15-L37/L36/L17/L16/L35.A logical high output indicates normal optical input levels to the receiver. Low optical input levels at the receiver result in a low output. Signal Detect can be used to determine a definite optical link failure; break in fiber, unplugging of a connector, faulty laser source. However it is not a detection of a bad link due to data-related errors.MSMounting studs are provided for transceiver mechanical attachment to the circuit board. They also provide an optional connection of the transceiver to the equipment chassis ground. The holes in the circuit board must be tied to chassis ground.HLHousing leads are provided for additional signal grounding. The holes in the circuit board must be included and tied to signal ground.2x10 Transceiver Additional FunctionalityPDBiasConnect pin 1 to V CC through a bias resistor, of a value not exceeding 2 kΩ, as shown in Figure3 to monitor PIN photo detector bias current. Leave pin floating if not used. Typical behaviour is shown in Figure4 and Figure5 using a 2 kΩ load.Typical Responsitivity of PIN Photo Detector Bias Current MonitorFigure4Linear ResponseFigure5Logarithmic ResponseBMon– / BMon+The DC voltage measured across pins 17 and 18 is proportional to the laser bias e the equation:I bias = V bias /10 ΩUse this output to monitor laser performance and EOL conditions. A schematic and typical behaviour are shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7. I bias @ ambient 25°C < 60mA.Leave pins floating if function is not required.Figure 6Bias Monitor – Transceiver InternalFigure 7Typical Variations of Bias Monitor Voltage over TemperaturePMon– / PMon+This output is derived from the Tx monitor diode. Output voltage is in the range of 1.2±0.2V. Source resistance R= 100 kΩ.SNote:This voltage level is not MSA compliant.DescriptionDescriptionThe Infineon single mode transceiver is based on and compliant to the Physical Medium Depend (PMD) sublayer and baseband medium, type 1000-Base-LX (long wavelength) as specified in IEEE Std 802.3 and Fibre Channel FC-PI Rev. 13 100-SM-LC-L.The appropriate fiber optic cable is 9 µm single mode fiber with LC connector.The Infineon single mode transceiver is a single unit comprised of a transmitter, a receiver, and an LC receptacle. This design frees the customer from many alignment and PC board layout concerns.This transceiver supports the LC connectorization concept, which competes with UTP/ CAT 5 solutions. It is compatible with RJ-45 style backpanels for fiber-to-the-desktop applications while providing the advantages of fiber optic technology. The receptacle accepts the new LC connector. The Small Form Factor is specially developed for distances of up to 10 km.The module is designed for low cost LAN and WAN applications. It can be used as the network end device interface in mainframes, workstations, servers, and storage devices, and in a broad range of network devices such as bridges, routers, hubs, and local and wide area switches.This transceiver operates at 1.0625 and 1.25 Gbit/s from a single power supply. The full differential data inputs and outputs are LVPECL compatible.Functional Description of SFF TransceiverThis transceiver is designed to transmit serial data via single mode fiber.Figure8Functional Diagram 2x10 Pin RowsFigure9Functional Diagram 2x5 Pin RowsThe receiver component converts the optical serial data into an electrical data (RD+ and RD–). The Signal Detect output (SD) shows whether an optical signal is present.The transmitter part converts electrical LVPECL compatible serial data (TD+ and TD–) into optical serial data.The module has an integrated shutdown function that switches the laser off in the event of an internal failure.Reset is only possible if the power is turned off, and then on again. (V CCt switched below V).THThe transmitter contains a laser driver circuit that drives the modulation and bias current of the laser diode. The currents are controlled by a power control circuit to guarantee constant output power of the laser over temperature and aging. The power control uses the output of the monitor PIN diode (mechanically built into the laser coupling unit) as acontrolling signal, to prevent the laser power from exceeding the operating limits.Figure 10Transceiver PitchRegulatory Compliance FeatureStandardComments ESD:Electrostatic Discharge to the Electrical Pins EIA/JESD22-A114-B (MIL-STD 883D Method 3015.7)Class 1CImmunity:Against Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) to the Duplex LC ReceptacleEN 61000-4-2IEC 61000-4-2Discharges ranging from ±2 kV to ±15 kV on the receptacle cause no damage to transceiver (under recommended conditions).Immunity:Against Radio Frequency Electromagnetic FieldEN 61000-4-3IEC 61000-4-3With a field strength of 3V/m, noise frequency ranges from 10MHz to 2GHz. No effect on transceiver performance between the specification limits.Emission:Electromagnetic Interference (EMI)FCC 47 CFR Part 15, Class B EN 55022 Class B CISPR 22Noise frequency range:30MHz to 18GHzTechnical DataAbsolute Maximum RatingsParameter Symbol Limit Values Unitmin.max.Package Power Dissipation0.95W Supply Voltage V CC–V EE4V Data Input Levels V CC+0.5V EE–0.5V Differential Data Input Voltage Swing V ID pk-pk5V Storage Ambient Temperature–4085°C Hand Lead Soldering Temp/Time260/10°C/s Wave Soldering Temp/Time260/10°C/s Aqueous Wash Pressure< 110psiExceeding any one of these values may destroy the device immediately.The electro-optical characteristics described in the following tables are valid only for use under the recommended operating conditions.Recommended Operating Conditions ParameterSymbolLimit Values Unit min.typ.max.Ambient Temperature 1), 3)T AMB –4085°C Ambient Temperature 2), 3)070Power Supply Voltage V CC –V EE3.14 3.33.46V TransmitterData Input High Voltage DC/DC V IH –V CC –1165–880mV Differential Data Input Voltage Swing AC/ACV ID pk-pk 5003200mV Data Input Low Voltage DC/DC V IL –V CC –1810–1475mV Data Input Rise/Fall Time t i 120ps Supply Current Tx I CCt140mA ReceiverInput Center Wavelength λRx12601580nm Supply Current RxI CCr130mA1)For V23818-K15-L36/L46/L16/L56.2)For V23818-K15-L37/L47/L17/L57/L35/L45.3)Ambient operating temperature requires a 2 ms –1 airflow over the device.Transmitter Electro-Optical CharacteristicsParameter Symbol Limit Values Unitmin.typ.max.Output Power (Average)1)P O–9.5–3dBm Center WavelengthλC12701355nm Spectral Width (RMS)σ4nm Extinction Ratio (Dynamic)ER9dB Reset Threshold for V CCt2)V TH 2.7V Power on Delay2)t DEL30ms Total Tx Jitter TJ53130psTAssert Voltage LVTTL V TDH2VDisTDeassert Voltage LVTTL V TDL0.8VDisTAssert Time3)t ASS0.41msDisTDeassert Time4)t DAS0.0610µsDis1)Into single mode fiber, 9 µm diameter2)Laser power is shut down if power supply is below V TH and switched on if power supply is above V TH after t RES.3)T Dis assertion to laser shutdown.4)T Dis reassertion to laser startup.Receiver Electro-Optical CharacteristicsParameter Symbol Limit Values Unitmin.typ.max.Sensitivity (Average Power)1)P IN–20dBm Saturation (Average Power)P SAT–3dBmOMA15µW Min. Optical ModulationAmplitude2)Signal Detect Assert Level3)P SDA–20dBm Signal Detect Deassert Level2), 4)P SDD–37dBm3dB Signal Detect Hysteresis P SDA–P SDDSignal Detect Assert Time3)t ASS0.1ms Signal Detect Deassert Time4)t DAS0.35ms Receiver 3 dB Cut off1.5GHz Frequency2)Receiver 10 dB Cut off Frequency 2)3GHz Output Voltage 5)V OH –V CC –1110–650mV Output Voltage 5)V OL –V CC –1800–1300mV Differential Data Output Voltage Swing 5)V OD pk-pk 10002000mV Signal Detect Output High Voltage LVPECL 6), 7)V SDH –V EE V CC –1200V CC –820mV Signal Detect Output Low Voltage LVPECL 6), 7)V SDL –V EE V CC –1900V CC–1580mV Signal Detect Output High Voltage LVTTL 6), 8)V SDH 2.4VSignal Detect Output Low Voltage LVTTL 6), 8)V SDL0.5V Rx-Monitor 9), 10)Rx-Mon0.51A/W 1)Minimum average optical power at which the BER is less than 1x10–10. Measured with a 27–1 NRZ PRBS.2)Fibre Channel PI Standard.3)An increase in optical power above the specified level will cause the Signal Detect to switch from a low state to a high state (high active output).4)A decrease in optical power below the specified level will cause the Signal Detect to switch from a high state to a low state.5)Load is 100Ω differential.6)Internal load is 510Ω to GND, no external load necessary. Signal Detect is a high active output. High level means signal is present, low level means loss of signal.7)For V23818-K15-L37/L36/L17/L16/L35.8)For V23818-K15-L47/L46/L57/L56/L45.9)Monitor current needs to be sunk to V CC .10)Only available on 2x10 transceivers: V23818-K15-L17/L16/L57/L56.Receiver Electro-Optical Characteristics (cont’d)ParameterSymbolLimit Values Unitmin.typ.max.Eye SafetyEye SafetyThis laser based single mode transceiver is a Class 1 product.It complies with IEC 60825-1 and FDA 21 CFR 1040.10 and 1040.11.To meet laser safety requirements the transceiver shall be operated within the Absolute Maximum Ratings.Attention:All adjustments have been made at the factory prior to shipment of thedevices. No maintenance or alteration to the device is required.Tampering with or modifying the performance of the device will result in voided product warranty.Note:Failure to adhere to the above restrictions could result in a modification that isconsidered an act of “manufacturing”, and will require, under law, recertification of the modified product with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (ref. 21 CFR 1040.10 (i)).Figure11Required LabelsFigure 12Laser EmissionLaser Data Wavelength1300 nm Total output power(as defined by IEC: 7 mm aperture at 14 mm distance)< 2 mW Total output power(as defined by FDA: 7 mm aperture at 20 cm distance)< 180 µW Beam divergence6°EMI-RecommendationsEMI-RecommendationsTo avoid electromagnetic radiation exceeding the required limits please take note of the following recommendations.When Gigabit switching components are found on a PCB (multiplexers, clock recoveries etc.) any opening of the chassis may produce radiation also at chassis slots other than that of the device itself. Thus every mechanical opening or aperture should be as small as possible.On the board itself every data connection should be an impedance matched line (e.g. strip line, coplanar strip line). Data, Datanot should be routed symmetrically, vias should be avoided. A terminating resistor of 100Ω should be placed at the end of each matched line. An alternative termination can be provided with a 50Ω resistor at each (D, Dn). In DC coupled systems a thevenin equivalent 50 Ω resistance can be achieved as follows: for 3.3 V: 125 Ω to V CC and 82Ω to V EE, for 5 V: 82 Ω to V CC and 125 Ω to V EE at Data and Datanot. Please consider whether there is an internal termination inside an IC or a transceiver.In certain cases signal GND is the most harmful source of radiation. Connecting chassis GND and signal GND at the plate/bezel/chassis rear e.g. by means of a fiber optic transceiver may result in a large amount of radiation. Even a capacitive coupling between signal GND and chassis may be harmful if it is too close to an opening or an aperture.If a separation of signal GND and chassis GND is not planned, it is strongly recommended to provide a proper contact between signal GND and chassis GND at every location where possible. This concept is designed to avoid hotspots. Hotspots are places of highest radiation which could be generated if only a few connections between signal and chassis GND exist. Compensation currents would concentrate at these connections, causing radiation.By use of Gigabit switching components in a design, the return path of the RF current must also be considered. Thus a split GND plane of Tx and Rx portion may result in severe EMI problems.A recommendation is to connect the housing leads to signal GND. However, in certain applications it may improve EMI performance by connecting them to chassis GND. The cutout should be sized so that all contact springs make good contact with the face plate.Please consider that the PCB may behave like a waveguide. With an εr of 4, the wavelength of the harmonics inside the PCB will be half of that in free space. In this scenario even the smallest PCBs may have unexpected resonances.Recommended Termination Schemes 2x10 DC/DC TransceiverFigure132x10 AC/AC TransceiverFigure142x5 DC/DC TransceiverFigure152x5 AC/AC TransceiverFigure16Package Outlines Package OutlinesFigure17Edition 2003-03-21Published by Infineon Technologies AG,St.-Martin-Strasse 53,D-81541 München, Germany© Infineon Technologies AG 2003.All Rights Reserved.Attention please!The information herein is given to describe certain components and shall not be considered as warranted characteristics.Terms of delivery and rights to technical change reserved.We hereby disclaim any and all warranties, including but not limited to warranties of non-infringement, regarding circuits, descriptions and charts stated herein.Infineon Technologies is an approved CECC rmationFor further information on technology, delivery terms and conditions and prices please contact your nearest Infineon Technologies Office in Germany or our Infineon Technologies Representatives worldwide.WarningsDue to technical requirements components may contain dangerous substances. For information on the types in question please contact your nearest Infineon Technologies Office.Infineon Technologies Components may only be used in life-support devices or systems with the express written approval of Infineon Technologies, if a failure of such components can reasonably be expected to cause the failure of that life-support device or system, or to affect the safety or effectiveness of that device or system. Life-support devices or systems are intended to be implanted in the human body, or to support and/or maintain and sustain and/or protect human life. If they fail, it is reasonable to assume that the health of the user or other persons may be endangered.For questions on technology, delivery and prices please contact the Infineon Technologies Offices in Germany or the Infineon Technologies Companies and Representatives worldwide: see our webpage at .V23818-K15-LxxRevision History:2003-03-21DS2Previous Version:2003-03-05Page Subjects (major changes since last revision)15Table "Transmitter Electro-Optical Characteristics" changed。
一级减速器说明书(6)
第六节 轴的设计与校核6.1高速轴设计计算1)求高速轴上的功率P 1、转速n 1和转矩T 1 P 1=5.43kW ；n 1=485r/min ；T 1=106.98N •m 2)初步确定轴的最小直径：先初步估算轴的最小直径。
选取轴的材料为45（调质），硬度为255HBS ，根据表，取A 0=112，于是得d min≥A 0 √Pn 3=112×√5.434853=25.06mm高速轴的最小直径是安装大带轮处的轴径，由于安装键将轴径增大5%d min =(1+0.05)×25.06=26.31mm故选取:d 12=28mm 3)轴的结构设计图图6-1高速轴示意图①为了满足大带轮的轴向定位要求，Ⅰ-Ⅱ轴段右端需制出一轴肩，故取Ⅱ-Ⅲ段的直径d 23=33mm 。
大带轮轮毂宽度L=56mm,为了保证轴端挡圈只压在大带轮上而不压在轴的端面作转矩图（图e）图6-2高速轴受力及弯矩图10)校核轴的强度因B弯矩大，且作用有转矩，故B为危险剖面抗弯截面系数为W=π d332=π×35332=4209.24mm³抗扭截面系数为联轴器的计算转矩T ca=K A×T2，查表，考虑平稳，故取K A=1.3，则:T ca=K A T2=476.5N•m按照计算转矩T ca应小于联轴器公称转矩的条件，查标准或手册，选用LX3型联轴器。
半联轴器的孔径为42mm，故取d12=42mm，半联轴器与轴配合的毂孔长度为112mm。
3)轴的结构设计图图6-3低速轴示意图①为了满足半联轴器的轴向定位要求，Ⅰ-Ⅱ轴段右端需制出一轴肩，故取Ⅱ-Ⅲ段的直径d23=47mm。
半联轴器与轴配合的轮毂长度L=112mm,为了保证轴端挡圈只压在联轴器上而不压在轴的端面上，故Ⅰ-Ⅱ段的长度应比L略短一些，现取l12=110mm。
4)初步选择滚动轴承。
因轴承同时受有径向力和轴向力的作用，故选用角接触轴承。
新概念英语二册重点单词课文
新概念英语二册重点单词课文二册一期（L1-20）重点课文：L1 L4 L10 L16 L20重点单词：L1:theatre 剧院，戏院；seat座位；play戏；loudly大声地；angry生气的；attention注意；bear容忍；rudely无礼地，粗鲁地L2：until直到；ring（铃、电话等）响；repeat重复L3：send寄送；museum博物馆；public公共的；friendly友好的；waiter服务员，招待员；lend借给；decision决定L4：exciting令人兴奋的；receive接到收到；different不同的；abroad在国外L5：message信息；service业务服务L6：pocket衣服口袋；call拜访，光顾L7：expect期待，等待L8：competition比赛，竞赛；wooden木头的L9：crowd人群；shout喊叫；refuse拒绝；laugh笑L10：musical音乐的；recently最近；damage损坏；shock使不悦或生气，震惊；allow允许，让L11：immediately立刻L12：luck幸运，运气；proud自豪，important重要的L13：group小组，团体L14：amusing好笑的，有趣的；experience经历；wave招手；replay回答；language语言；journey旅行L15：nervous精神紧张的；afford负担得起；weak弱的L16：park停放汽车；traffic交通；sign指示牌；fail无视，忘记L17：L18L19：pity令人遗憾的事；return退回L20：catch抓到；waste浪费；realize意识到二册二期（L21-40）重点课文：L25 L27 L31 L35 L38重点单词：L21：reason原因L22：dream做梦，梦想；age年龄；throw扔，抛L23：complete完成；strange奇怪的L24：manage经理；complain抱怨；honesty诚实L25：several几个；foreigner外国人；wonder感到奇怪L26：pretend假装；material材料；notice注意到；whether是否；hang悬挂，吊L27：smell闻起来；wonderful极好的；comfortable舒适的，安逸的；heavily大量的L28：trouble麻烦；effect结果，效果L29：lonely偏僻的，人迹罕至的；desert废弃L30：towards朝，向；nearly几乎；sight眼界，视域L31：save积蓄，employ雇佣L32：once曾经，以前；simply仅仅；arrest逮捕L33：darkness黑暗；explain解释，叙述；storm暴风雨；struggle挣扎L34L35：regret后悔；far非常；fright害怕L36: record记录；succeed成功；train训练；intend打算L37: hold召开；capital首都；design设计L38: except出了L39: successful成功的；patient病人；alone独自的L40: hostess女主人；fix凝视二册三期（L41-60）重点课文：L44 L46 L51 L54 L57重点单词：L41：rude无礼的；remind提醒L42：continue继续；difference差别L43：lie处于；serious严重的；seem似乎，好像L44：forest森林；picnic野餐；breath呼吸L45：wallet皮夹；钱夹；villager村民L46：woolen羊毛的；discover发现；admit承认L47：thirsty贪杯的；furniture家具；suggest暗示；accept接受L48：collect搜集L49：tired厌烦的；real真正的；owner主人；sweep扫，刮L50：L51：diet节食；forbid禁止；strict严格的L52：space空间；actually实际上L53：cause引起，原因；examine检查；solve解决L54：mix混合，拌和；annoying恼人的；recognize认出，听出；persuade说服，劝说L55：invent发明；finally最后；confident有信心的；value价值L56：sound声音；speed疾驶L57：punish惩罚L58：increase增加；plant种植L59：expert专家；habit习惯L60：future未来二册四期（L61-80）重点课文：L62 L64 L70 L75 L78重点单词：L61：billion10亿；astronaut宇航员；distant遥远的L62：control控制；surrounding周围的；century世纪L63：admire赞美，钦佩；close亲密的L64：double双的；fear害怕；European欧洲的L65：Christmas圣诞节；present礼物；weigh重；fortunate幸运的L66：survey调查；rescue营救；imagine想象L67：active活动的；manage设法；escape逃脱；alive活着的L68：avoid避开；insist坚持做L69：instruct命令，指示；suppose假设L70：remark评语，言论；safety安全地带L71：official官员，行政人员；check检查L72：racing竞赛；average平均的L73: shame惭愧，羞耻L74: fan狂热者，迷L75: thick厚的；signal信号；helicopter直升飞机；scene现场；survivor幸存者L76: fool傻瓜；leading主要的；present目前的；champion冠军；studio播音室L77: temple庙；disease疾病；last持续；prove显示出L78: concentration集中，专心；suffer受苦，受害；temper脾气；urge力劝，怂恿；satisfaction 满意，满足；delighted欣喜的L79: frightened害怕，担惊；curious急于了解的，好奇的L80：palace宫殿；exhibition展览；various各种各样的；display展览；college学院二册五期（L81-96）重点课文：L81 L85 L89 L93重点单词：L81：rapidly迅速地；uniform制服；shoulder肩L82：sailor海员；creature动物，生物L83：defeat打败；opponent反对者，对手；progressive进步的L84：agreement协议；pressure压力，麻烦；volunteer自动提出，自愿；gratitude感激；object 不赞成，反对L85：inform告诉，通知；contribute捐助，援助；patience耐心；encouragement鼓励；honour 敬意；total总数；devote致力于L86：dismay沮丧；gently缓慢地，轻轻地L87：employer雇主；confirm确认，证实；truth真相L88：surface地面，表面L89：comedy喜剧；queue排队；dull枯燥的，无味的；advertiser报幕员L90：terrifying吓，使恐怖；variety品种；factor因素L91：balloon气球；spy侦察L92：tone语调，腔调L93：statue雕像；support支持，支撑；transport运送L94：L95：heaven天堂L96：festival 节日。
常用型钢角钢理论重量表(实用借鉴)
常用型钢、钢板理论换算表一（角钢、板材类）型号尺寸（mm）截面面积（cm）2长度（m）每米重量（Kg/m）板材边宽边厚厚度（mm）重量(Kg/m2)L25 25 341.431.863～91.121.46 1 7.85L30 30 341.752.283～91.371.791.2 9.421.25 9.81L36 36 3452.112.763.383～91.662.162.651.5 11.782.00 15.702.5 19.63L40 40 3452.363.093.793～91.852.422.983.00 23.533.2 25.123.5 27.48L45 45 3453.494.295.084～122.743.373.994.00 31.404.5 35.335 39.25L50 50 4563.904.805.694～123.063.774.476 47.108 62.8010 78.50L56 56 4584.395.428.374～123.454.256.5712 94.2014 109.9015 117.75L63 63 4564.986.147.294～123.914.825.7216 125.6020 157.0025 196.25 8109.5211.664～127.479.1530 235.5032 251.2035 274.7540 314.0045 353.2550 392.5055 431.7560 471.0070 549.5080 628.00常用钢材理论换算表二（园钢类）直径(mm) 截面面积（cm2）每米重量（Kg.m）直径(mm)截面面积（cm2）每米重量（Kg.m）直径(mm)截面面积（cm2）每米重量（Kg.m）5 0.20 0.15 40 12.57 9.86 56 24 19.335.5 0.24 0.19 42 13.85 10.87 115 103.82 81.56 0.28 0.22 45 15.90 12.48 20.6 3.33 2.606.5 0.31 0.26 48 18.10 14.20 14.3 1.60 1.267 0.38 0.30 50 19.64 15.42 9.5 0.7 0.568 0.50 0.40 53 22.06 17.329 0.64 0.50 55 23.76 18.6510 0.79 0.62 58 26.42 20.7411 0.95 0.75 60 28.27 22.1912 1.13 0.89 63 31.17 24.4713 1.33 1.04 65 33.18 26.0514 1.54 1.21 68 36.32 28.5115 1.77 1.39 70 38.48 30.2116 2.01 1.58 75 44.18 34.6817 2.27 1.78 80 50.27 39.4618 2.55 2.00 85 56.75 44.5519 2.84 2.23 90 63.62 49.9420 3.14 2.47 95 70.88 55.6421 3.46 2.72 100 78.54 61.6522 3.80 2.98 105 86.59 67.9723 4.15 3.26 110 95.03 74.6024 4.52 3.55 120 113.10 88.7825 4.91 3.85 125 122.72 96.3326 5.31 4.17 130 132.73 104.2027 5.73 4.49 140 153.94 120.8428 6.16 4.83 150 176.72 138.7229 6.61 5.18 160 201.06 157.8330 7.07 5.55 170 226.98 178.1831 7.55 5.93 180 254.47 199.7632 8.04 6.31 190 283.53 222.5733 8.55 6.71 200 314.16 246.6234 9.08 7.13 210 346.36 271.8935 9.62 7.55 220 380.13 298.4036 10.18 7.99 240 452.39 355.1238 11.34 8.90 250 490.88 385.34常用钢材理论换算表三（热轧普通槽钢类）型号截面面积（cm2）每米重量（Kg.m）型号截面面积（cm2）每米重量（Kg.m）型号截面面积（cm2）每米重量（Kg.m）5 5.44 20a 22.63 28a 31.426.3 6.63 20 25.77 28b 35.81 6.5 6.70 22a 24.99 28c 40.21 8 8.04 22 28.45 30a 34.45 10 10.00 24a 26.55 30b 39.16 12 12.06 24b 30.62 30c 43.81 12.6 12.37 24c 34.39 32a 38.22 14a 14.53 25a 27.47 32b 43.25 14b 16.73 25b 31.39 32c16a 17.23 25c 35.32 36a16 19.74 27a 30.83 36b18a 20.17 27b 35.07 36c18 22.99 27c 39.03常用钢材理论换算表四（热轧普通工字类）型号截面面积（cm2）每米重量（Kg.m）型号截面面积（cm2）每米重量（Kg.m）型号截面面积（cm2）每米重量（Kg.m）10 30a 55a 12 30b 55b 12.6 30c 55c 14 32a 56a 16 32b 56b 18 32c 56c 20a 36a 63a 20b 36b 63b 22a 36c 63c 22b 40a24a 40b24b 40c25a 45a25b 45b27a 45c27b 50a 28a 50b 28b 50c。
一般型钢规格对照表
附录一般型钢规格对照表
普通工字钢
符号：h—高度；
b—宽度；
tw—腹板厚度；
t—翼缘平均厚度；
I—惯性矩；
W—截面模量i—回转半径；
Sx—半截面的面积矩；
长度：
型号10～18，长5～19m；
型号20～63，长6～19m。
H型钢
质量q kg/m
x-x轴
I x W x (cm4) (cm3)
质量q kg/m
x-x轴
I x W x (cm4) (cm3)
普通槽钢
符号：
同普通工字钢
但Wy为对应翼缘肢尖长度：
型号5～8，长5～12m；
型号10～18，长5～19m；
型号20～20，长6～19m。
等边角钢
截面积
质量惯性矩iy,当a为下列数值
A Ix Wxmax
等边角钢
惯性矩i y,当a为下列数值重心矩截面积
质量
不等边角钢
iy,当a为下列数值iy,当a为下列数值截面积
质量
不等边角钢
截面积质量iy,当a为下列数值iy,当a为下列数值Zy A ix 8mm 10mm 6mm 8mm 10mm 12mm
注：一个角钢的惯性矩I x=Ai x2，I y=Ai y2；一个角钢的截面个角钢的截面模量W x max=I x/Z x，W x min=I x/(b- Z x); W y ax=I y Z y W x min=I y(b- Z y)。
USP关于色谱柱填料的规定
我们在实验中常常用到USP作为检验依据，其中有一些关于色谱柱的要求现将其中个色谱柱要求罗列如有不恰当的请大家指正L1和L8是美国药典(USP)规定的色谱柱编号，其实就是C18柱和NH2柱。
下面是对应的色谱柱类型。
L1：十八烷基键合多孔硅胶或无机氧化物微粒固定相，简称C18或ODSL2：30～50um表面多孔薄壳型键合C18(ODS)固定相L3：多孔硅胶微粒即一般的硅胶柱L4：30～50um表面多孔薄壳型硅胶L5：30～50um表面多孔薄壳型氧化铝L6：30～50um实心微球表面包覆磺化碳氟聚合物－强阳离子交换固定相L7：全多孔硅胶微粒键合C8官能团固定相简称C8柱L8：全多孔硅胶微粒键合非交联NH2固定相简称NH2柱L9：强酸性阳离子交换基团键合全多孔不规则形硅胶固定相L10：多孔硅胶微球键合氰基固定相（CN）简称CN柱L11：键合苯基多孔硅胶微球固定相简称苯基柱L12：无孔微球键合季胺功能团的强阴离子填料L13：三乙基硅烷化学键合全多孔硅胶微球固定相（C1）简称C1柱L14:10um硅胶化学键合强碱性季铵盐阴离子交换固定相简称SAX柱L15：已基硅烷化学键合全多孔硅胶微球固定相简称C6柱L16：二甲基硅烷化学键合全多孔硅胶微粒固定相L17：氢型磺化交联苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯共聚物,强阳离子交换树脂L18: 3～10um全多孔硅胶化学键合胺基（NH2）和氰基（CN）L19：钙型磺化交联苯乙烯－二乙烯基苯共聚物，强阳离子交换树脂L20：二羟基丙烷基化学键合多孔硅胶微球固定相（Diol）简称二醇基柱L21：刚性苯乙烯－二乙烯基苯共聚物微球L22：带有磺酸基团的多孔苯乙烯阳离子交换树脂L23：带有季胺基团的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯或聚丙烯酸酯多孔离子交换树脂L24：表面含有大量羟基的半刚性聚乙烯醇亲水凝胶L25：聚甲基丙烯酸酯树脂交联羟基醚（表面含有残余羧基功能团）树脂。
能分离分子量100～5000MW范围的水溶性中性、阳离子型及阴离子型聚合物（用聚氧乙烯测定）的固定相L26：丁基硅烷化学键合全多孔硅胶微球固定相L27：30～50um的全多孔硅胶微粒L28：多功能载体，100?的高纯硅胶加以氨基键合以及C8反相键合的官能团L29: 氧化铝,反相键合,含碳量低,氧化铝基聚丁二稀小球,5um，孔径80?L30: 全多孔硅胶键合乙基硅烷固定相L31: 季胺基改性孔径2000?的交联苯乙烯和二乙烯基苯(55%)强阴离子交换树脂L32: L-脯氨酸铜配合物共价键合于不规则形硅胶微粒的配位体的交换手性色谱填料L33: 能够分离分子量4000～40000MW范围蛋白质分子的球形硅胶固定相,pH稳定性好L34：铅型磺化交联苯乙烯－二乙烯基苯共聚物强阳离子交换树脂，9um球形L35：锆稳定的硅胶微球键合二醇基亲水分子单层固定相，孔径150?L36: 5um胺丙基硅胶键合L-苯基氨基乙酸－3,5二硝基苯甲酰L37：适合分离分子量2000～40,000Mw的聚甲基丙烯酸酯凝胶L38：水溶性甲基丙烯酸酯基质SEC色谱柱L39：亲水全多孔聚羟基甲基丙烯酸酯色谱柱L40：Tris 3,5－二甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯纤维素涂覆多孔硅胶微球L41：球形硅胶表面固定α1酸糖蛋白固定相L42: C8和C18硅烷化学键合多孔硅胶固定相L43: 硅胶微球键合五氟代苯基固定相L44: 多功能固定相,60 ?高纯硅胶基质键合磺酸阳离子交换功能团和C8反相功能团L45: β-环糊精键合多孔硅胶微球L46: 季胺基改性苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯聚合物微球液相色谱柱USP column PackingL1 —— Octadecyl silane chemically bonded to porous silica or ceramic micro-particles,3 to 10um in diameterL2 —— Octadecyl silane chemically bonded to silica gel of a controlled surface porosity that has been bonded to a solid spherical core, 30 to 50um in diameter.L3 —— Porous silica particles, 5 to 10um in diameter.L4 —— Silica gel of controlled surface porosity bonded to a solid spherical core, 30 to 50um in diameter.L5 —— Alumina of controlled surface porosity bonded to a solid spherical core , 30 to 50um in diameter.L6 —— Strong cation –exchange packing-sulfonated fluorocarbon polymer coated on a solid spherical, 30 to 50um in diameter.L7 —— Octylsilane chemically bonded to totally porous silica particles , 3 to 10um in diameter.L8 —— An essentially monomolecular layer of aminopropylsilane chemically bonded to totally porous silica gel support, 10um in diameter.L9 —— 10um irregular or spherical layer of aminopropylsilane chemically bonded, strongly acidic cation-exchange coating.L10- Nitrile groups chemically bonded to porous silica particles, 3 to 10um in diameter.L11- Phenyl group chemically bonded to porous silica particles, 5 to 10um in diameter.L12- A strong anion-exchange packing made by chemically bonding a quaternary ammonium anion-exchange coating.L13- Trimethylsilane chemically bonded to porous silica particles, 3 to 10um in diameter.L14 – Silica gel 10um in diameter having a chemically bonding a quaternary ammonium anion-exchange coating.L15 – Hexylsilane chemically bonded to totally porous silica particles, 3 to 10um in diameter.L16 – Dimethylsilane chemically bonded to porous silica particles, 5 to 10um in diameter.L17_ Strong cation-exchange resin consisting of sulfonatedcross-linked styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer in the hydrogen from, 7 to 11um in diameter.L18 – Amion and cyano groups chemically bonded to porous silica particles, 3 to 10um in diameter.L19 – Strong cation-exchange resin consisting of sulfonatedcross-linked styrene-divilbenzene copolymer in the calcaium from, about 10um in diameter.L20- Dihydroxypropane groups chemically bonded porous silica particles , 5 to 10um in diameter.L21 – A rigid, spherical styrene-divinylbenxene copolymer, 5 to10um in diameter.L22 – A cation-exchange resin made of porous polystyrene gel with sulfonic acid group, about 10um in diameter.L23 – An cation-exchange resin made of porous polymethacrylate or polyacrylate gel with quaternary ammonium groups, about 10um in size.L24 — A semi-right hydrophilic gel consisting of vinyl polymers with numerous hydroxyl groups on the matrix surface , 32 to 63um in diameter.5L25 _Packing having the capacity to separate compounds with a molecular weight range from 100-5000 (as determined by polyethylene oxide), applied to neutral, and cationic water-soluble polymers. A polymethacrylate resin base, cross-linked withpoly-hydroxylated ether (surface contained some residual carboxylfunctional groups) was fund suitable.L26- Butyl silica chemically bonded to totally porous silica particles, 5 to 10um in diameter.L27 _ Porous silica particles, 30 to 5um in diameter.L28 – A multifunctional support, which consists of a high purity, 100 Å, spherical silica substrate that has been bonded with anionic exchange, amine functionality in addition to a conventional reversed phase C8 functionality.L29_ Gamma alumina, reverse-phase, low carbon percentage by weight, alumina-based polybutadiene, spherical particles. 5um in diameter with a pore volume of 80 ÅL30- Ethyl silica chemically bonded to totally porous silica particles, 3 to 10um in diameter.L31 – A strong anion-exchange resin-quaternary amine bonded on latex particles attached to a core of 8.5um macroporous particles having a pore size of 2000Å and consisting of ethylvinylbenzene cross-linked with 55% divinylbenzene.L32 – A chiral ligand-exchange packing-L-proline copper complex covalently bonded to irregularly shaped silica particles, 5 to 10um in diameter.L33- Packing having the capacity to separate dextrans by molecular size over a range of 4000 to 500000 Da. It is spherical, silica-based, and processed to provide PH stability.6L34 – Strong cation-exchange resin consisting of sulfonatedcross-linked styrene-divinybenzene copolymer in the lead form, about 9um in diameter.L35- A zirconium-stabilized spherical silica packing with a hydrophilic(diol-type) molecular monolayer bonded phase having p pore size of 150Å.L36 – A 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl derivative of L-phenylglycine covalently bonded to 5um aminopropyl silica.L37 – Packing having the capacity to separate proteins by molecular size over range of 2000 to 40000Da. It is a polymethacrylate gel.L38 – A methacrylate-based size-exclusion packing forwater-soluble samples.L39- A hydrophilic polyhydroxymethacrylate gel of totally porous spherical resin.L40 – Cellulose tris-3,5-dimethylphenylcarbmate coated porous silica particles, 5 to 20umin diameter.L40—Cellulose tris-3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate coated porous silica particles,5 to 20 μm indiameter.L41－Immobilized а1 acid glycoprotein on spherical silica particles,5μm in diameter.L42—Octylsilane and octadecylsilane groups chemically bonded to porous silica particles, 5μm in diameter.L43—Pentafluorophenyl groups chemically bonded to silica particles by a propyl spacer, 5 to 10μm in diameter.L44—A multifunctional support,which consists of a highpurity,60Å,spherical silica substrate that has been bonded with a cationic exchanger,sulfonic acid functionalityin addition to conventional reversed phase C8 functionality.L45—Beta cyclodextrin bonded to porous silica particles, 5 to 10μm in diameter.L46—Polystyrene/divinylbenzene substrate agglomerated with quaternary amine func tionalized latex beads, 10μm in diameter.L47—High-capacity anion-exchange microporous substrate,funlly functionalized with trimethlyamine groups,8μm in diameter.7L48－Sulfonated,cross-linked polystyrene with an outer layer of submicron,porous,anion-excha nge microbends 15μm in diameter.L49－A reversed-phase packing made by coating a thin layer of polybutadiene onto spherical porous zirconia particles,3 to 10μm in diameter.8L50－Multifunction resin with reversed-phase retention and strong anion-exchange functionalities.The resin consists of ethylvinylbenzene 55％cross-linked with divinylbenzene copolymer,3 to 15μm in diameter,and a surface area not less than 350㎡per g.Substrate is coated with quaternary ammonium functionalized latex particles consisting of styrene cross-linked with divinylbenzene.9L51—Amylosetris-3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate-coated,porous,spherical,silica particles, 5 to 10μm in diameter.10L52—A strong cation exchange resin made of porous silica with sulfopropyl groups,5 to 10μm in diameter.11L53—Weak cation-exchange consisting of ethylvinylbenzene,55％cross-linked with divinylbenzene copolymer, 3 to 15μm in diameter.Substrate is surface grafted with carboxylic acidand/orphosphoric acid functionalized monomers.Capacity not less than 500μEq/column.12L54－A size exclusion medium made of covalent bonding of dextran to highly cross-linked porous agarose beads,about 13 μm in diameter.13L55－A strong cation-exchange resin made of porous silica coated with polybutadiene-maleic acid copolmer,about 5 μm in diameter.14L56－Isopropyl silane chemically bonded to totally porous silica paryicles,3 to 10μm in diameter.15L57－A chiral recognition protein,ovomucoid,chemically onded to silica particles,about 5μm in diameter,with a pore size of 120ÅL58－Strong cation-exchange resin consisting of sulfonatedcross-linked styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer in the sodium form,about7to 11μm in diameter,16▲ L59－Packing having the capoacity to separate proteins bymolecular weight over the range of 10 to 500kDa.It issph erical(10μm),silica-based, and processed to provide hydrophilic characteristics and pH stability.17▲USP28▲ L60－Spherical,porous silica gel,3 or 5μm in diameter,the surface of which has been covalently modified withpalmitamido-propyl groups and endcapped with acetamidopropyl groups to a ligand density of about 6 μmoles per ㎡.18▲USP28L61 A hydroxide selective strong anion-exchange resin consisting of a highly cross-linked core of 13 µm microporous particles having a pore size less than 10 Angstrom units and consisting of ethylvinylbenzene cross-linked with 55% divinylbenzene with a latex coating composed of 85 nm diameter microbeads bonded with alkanol quartenary ammonium ions (6%) L62 C30 silane bonded phase on a fully porous spherical silica, 3 to 15 µm in diameterL63 Glycopeptide teicoplanin linked through multiple covalent bonds to a 100 Angstrom units spherical silica.L64 Strongly basic anion exchange resin consisting of 8% crosslinked styrene divinylbenzene copolymer with a quartenary ammonium group in the chloride form, 45 to 180 µm in diameter.L65 Strongly acidic cation exchange resin consisting of 8% sulfonated crosslinked styrene divinylbenzene copolymer with a sulfonic acid group in the hydrogen form, 63 to 250 µm in diameter. L66 A crown ether coated on a 5 µm particle size silica gel substrate. The active site is (S)-18-crown-6-ether.L67 Porous vinyl alcohol copolymer with a C18 alkyl group attached to the hydroxyl group of the polymer.L68 Spherical, porous silica, 10 µm or less in diameter, the surface of which has been covalently modified with alkyl amide groups and not endcapped.L69 Ethylvinylbenzene/divinylbenzene substrate agglomerated with quartenary amine functionalized 130 nm latex beads, about 6.5 µm in diameter.L70 Cellulose tris(phenyl carbamate) coated on 5 µm silicaL71 A rigid, spherical, polymethacrylate, 4 to 6 µm in diameter L72 (S)-phenylglycine and 3,5-dinitroanaline urea linkage covalently bonded to silica.L73 A rigid spherical polydivinylbenzene particle, 5 to 10 µm in diameterL74 A strong anion-exchange resin consisting of a highly cross-linked core of 7 µm macroporous particles having a 100 Angstroms average pore size and consisting of ethylvinylbenzene cross-linked with 55% divinylbenzene and an anion-exchange layer grafted to the surface, which is functionalized with alkyl quartenary ammonium ions.气相色谱柱PhasesG1－Dimethylpolysilxane oil.G2－Dimethylpolysilxane gum.G3－50%Phenyl-50% methylpolysiloxane.G4－Diethylene glycol succinate polyester.G5－3-Cyanopropylpolysiloxane.G6－Trifluoropropylmethylpolysiloxane.G7－50%3-Cyanopropyl-50%phenylmethylsilicone.G8－80% Bis(3-cyanopropyl)-20%3-cyanopropylphenylpolysi-loxane(percentages refer to molar substitution).G9－Methylvinylpolysiloxane.G10－Polyamide formed by reacting a C36 dicarboxylic acid with 1,3-di-4-piperidylpropane and piperidine in the respective mole ratios of 1.00:0.90:0.20.G11－Bis(2-ethylhexyl)sebacate polyester.G12－Phenyldiethanoamine succinate polyester.G13－Sorbitol.G14－Polyethylene glycol(av.mol.wt.of 950 to 1050).G15－Polyethylene glycol(av.mol.wt.of 3000 to 3700).G16－Polyethylene glycol compound(av.mol.wt.about 15,000).A high molecular weight compound of polyethene glycol with a diepoxide linker.Available commercially as Polyethylene Glycol Compound 20M,or as Carbowax 20M,from suppliers of chromatographic reagents.G17－75% Phenyl-25% methylpolysiloxane.G18－Polyalkylene glycol.G19－25% Phenyl-25% cyanopropyl-50% methylsilicone.G20－Polyethylene glycol(av.mol.wt.of 380 to 420).G21－Neopentyl glycol succinate.G22－Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate.G23－Polyethyl glycol adipate.G24－Diisodecyl phthalate.G25－Polyethylene glycol compound TPA.A high molecular weight compound of a polyethylene glycol and a diepoxide as Carbowax 20M-TPA from suppliers of chromatographic reagents.G26－25% 2-Cyanoethyl-75% methylpolysiloxane.G27－5% Phenyl-95% methylpolysiloxane.G28－25% Phenyl-75% methylpolysiloxane.G29－3,3’-Thiodipropionitrile.G30－Tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether.G31－Nonylphenoxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (av.ethyleneoxy chain length is 30);Nonoxynol 30.G32－20% Phenylmethyl-80% dimethylpolysiloxane.G33－20% Carborane-80% methylsilicone.G34－Diethylene glycol succinate polyester stabilized with phosphoric acid.G35－A high molecular weight compound of a polyethylene glycol and a diepoxide that is esterified with nitroterephthalic acid.G36－1% Vinyl-5% phenylmethylpolysiloxane.G37－Polyimide.G38－Phase G1 containing a small percentage of a tailing inhibitor.19G39－Polyethylene glycol(av.mol.wt.about 1500).G40－Ethylene glycol adipate.G41－Phenylmethyldimethylsilicone(10% phenyl-substituted).G42－35% phenyl-65% dimethylpolysiloxane(percentages refer to molar substitution).G43－6% cyanopropyhenyl-94%dimethylpolysiloxane(percentages refer to molar substitution).G44－2% low molecular weight petrolatum hydrocarbon grease and 1% solution of potassium hydroxide.G45－Divinylbenzene-ethylene glycol-dimethylacrylate.G46－14% Cyanopropylphenyl-86% methylpolysiloxane.G47－Polvethylene glycol(av.mol.wt.of about 8000).G48－Highly polar,partially cross-linked cyanopolysiloxane.G49－Proprietary derivatized phenyl groups on a polysiloxane backbone.20SupportsNOTE－Unless otherwise specified,mesh sizes of 80 to 100or,alternatively,100 to 120 are intended.S1A－Siliceous earth for gas chromatography has been fluxcalcined by mixing diatomite with Na2CO3 flux and calcining above 900°.The siliceous earth is acid-washed ,then water-washed until neutral,but not base-washed.The silieous earth may be silanized by treating with an agent such as dimethyldichlorosilane21 to mask surface silanol groups.S1AB－The siliceous earth as described above is both acid-and base-washed.21S1C－A support prepared from crushed firebrick and calcined or burned with a clay binder above 900°with subsequent acid-wash.It may be silanized.S1NS－The siliceous earth is untreated.S2－Styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer having a nominal surface area of less than50㎡per g and an average pore diameter of 0.3 to 0.4 μm.S3－Copolymer of ethylvinylbenzene and divinylbenzene having a nominal surface ared of 500 to 600 ㎡per g and an average pore diameter of 0.0075μm.S4－Styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer with aromatic-O and –N groups, having a nominal surface area of 400 to 600㎡per g and an average pore diameter of 0.0076μm.S5－40-to60-mesh,high-molecular weight tetrafiuorethylenepolymer.S6－Styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer having a nominal surfasearea of 250 to 350㎡per g and an average pore diameter of 0.0091μm.S7-Graphitized carbon having a nominal surface area of 12㎡per g.S8-Copolymer of 4-vinyl-pyridine and styrene-divinylbenzene.S9-A porous polymer based on 2,6-diphenly-p-phenylene oxide. S10-A highly polar cross-linked copolymer of acrylonitrite and divinylbenzene.S11-Graphitized canbon having a nominal surface area of 100㎡per g modified with small amounts of petrolatum and polyethylene glycol compound,22S12-Graphitized carbon having a nominal surface ared of 100 ㎡per g.。
铁十字厂标对照l56
铁十字厂标对照l56
铁十字厂标是德国的一个历史遗迹，它是一种十字形的标志，通常用于德国军队的军服和装备上。
其中，l56是指第一次世界大战期间德国军队所使用的标志。
这个标志的设计简洁而富有力量感，具有独特的象征意义。
铁十字厂标的设计灵感来自于十字架，它象征着德国军队的荣誉和勇气。
标志的形状是一个黑色的十字，中间有一个白色的圆圈。
圆圈中央有一个黑色的铁十字，代表着德国的军事优势和实力。
整个标志的颜色搭配简单而明亮，给人一种强烈的视觉冲击力。
l56是铁十字厂标的一个特定版本，它被广泛用于第一次世界大战期间的德国军队。
这个版本的标志在设计上没有太多的变化，但是它的象征意义更加深远。
在战争期间，这个标志成为了德国军队的象征，代表着他们的勇气、忠诚和荣誉。
铁十字厂标对照l56在今天仍然具有重要的历史意义。
它是德国军事文化的一部分，也是德国军队的象征。
这个标志的设计简洁而富有力量感，使其成为了一种经典的军事标志。
总的来说，铁十字厂标对照l56是德国军队的一个重要标志，它具有独特的象征意义和历史价值。
它的设计简洁而富有力量感，使其成为了德国军事文化中的经典之一。
无论是在第一次世界大战期间还是今天，这个标志都代表着德国军队的勇气、忠诚和荣誉。
ford esb-m1l56-a2-2003 标准
ford esb-m1l56-a2-2003 标准1. 概述本文将对ford esb-m1l56-a2-2003标准进行解读和分析，帮助读者更好地了解该标准的内容和意义。
2. 标准概述ford esb-m1l56-a2-2003标准是福特汽车公司制定的一项规范性文件，用于指导汽车零部件的选用和质量管理。
该标准的发布旨在提高汽车零部件的质量和可靠性，保障车辆的安全和性能。
3. 标准内容1) 适用范围：ford esb-m1l56-a2-2003标准适用于福特汽车公司生产的各类汽车零部件，包括发动机、传动系统、悬挂系统、制动系统等。
2) 技术要求：标准对汽车零部件的材料、尺寸、性能、检测方法等方面提出了具体的技术要求，以保证零部件的质量和可靠性。
3) 质量管理：标准对汽车零部件的供应商管理、过程控制、产品验证等提出了严格的质量管理要求，在生产和供应过程中确保零部件符合标准要求。
4) 标识和包装：标准规定了汽车零部件的标识内容和标识位置，以及包装方式和要求，保证产品在运输和使用过程中不受损坏。
4. 标准意义ford esb-m1l56-a2-2003标准的发布和实施，对于福特汽车公司和其供应商具有重要的意义。
1) 提高产品质量：标准的严格要求和规范化管理，有助于提高汽车零部件的质量和可靠性，减少产品缺陷和质量问题。
2) 降低生产成本：通过标准化的制造和质量管理流程，可以降低生产成本，提高生产效率，为企业创造更大的经济效益。
3) 保障用户安全：标准要求符合要求的汽车零部件经过严格的测试和验证，能够保障车辆的安全性能，为用户提供更加安全可靠的驾驶体验。
5. 标准应用ford esb-m1l56-a2-2003标准的实施需要各方共同努力，确保其有效应用和持续改进。
1) 企业应用：福特汽车公司及其供应商应严格遵守该标准的要求，在生产和供应过程中确保产品符合标准规定。
2) 监督检查：相关监督机构应对标准的执行情况进行监督检查，及时发现和纠正违规行为，保障标准的有效实施。
L55-L56：单词,句型,语法,课文
L55-L56：单词，句型，语法，课文2．What does Mr. Sawyer do in the morning?________________________3．What do the children do in the morning?________________________4．Who takes the children to school every day?________________________5．What does Mrs. Sawyer do every day?________________________6．When does she eat her lunch?________________________7．What does she usually do in the afternoon?________________________8．When do the children come home from school?________________________9．When do the children do their homework?________________________10．What does Mr. Sawyer usually do at night?________________________词汇直通车语法欢乐营Let’s take notes.题目大练兵1．I sometimes listen to music with my wife at night.(he) →_________________________________________ ______2．Every weekend I have a good time at my grandparents’.(Lee) →_________________________________________ ______3．I often get up at 6:45. (Jim) →_________________________________________ ______Multiple choice.1．He _________ to do his lessons at eight everyevening.A. beginB. beginsC. is beginning2．Tina has four lessons ________ the morning, no lessons________ noon, and two lessons ________ the afternoon.A. in, in, inB. in, at, inC. in, on, in3．—Do you know Susan’s address?—Yes, She lives_________ 87 King Street.A. inB. onC. at4．I like her ________. They are all very nice.A. houseB. familyC. home5．My father _________ often wash his car.A. don’tB. isn’tC. doesn’t6．The Smiths _________ next to me. They are my neighbours.A. livesB. liveC. are living7．When do you usually arrive _________ the morning?A. inB. atC. on8．I live with my parents. Now we are having lunch _________ at home.A. withB. together withC. together9．What _________ do?A. do usually theyB. do they usuallyC. usually do they课后作业一、课文背诵检查drink tea go to school goes to workstays at home eats her lunch___________,Mr. Sawyer ___________ and the children ____________ .Their father _________ every day. Mrs. Sawyer ___________ every day. She ________. She always ____________ at noon. In the afternoon, she usually ___________. Theyoften ___________ together. _____________, the children come home from school. They___________ early.二、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______三、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
乐华32L56型液晶彩电三无故障维修
乐华32L56型液晶彩电三无故障维修
黄宏章
【期刊名称】《家电维修》
【年(卷),期】2023()1
【摘要】一台乐华32L56型液晶彩电上电后三无。
拆机检查,发现电源芯片
UB101及其外围的贴片电阻、电容已被烧黑,如图1所示,在路测量限流电阻
RB148(0.3Q/3W)开路,开关管、QB101(7A/600V)短路,光耦合PCB101短路。
由于不知贴片电阻、电容的参数,决定用模块替换维修。
将模块的黑色线接地,即接100μF/450V电解电容负极,红色线接开关管QB101的D极焊盘,黄色线接次给12V输出端。
【总页数】1页(P21-21)
【作者】黄宏章
【作者单位】不详
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】TN9
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朗华学校新概念英语专项练习（Lesson56）
重难点：一般现在时（主语+动词原形/动词单三+其它）
I.单选
1.We have lunch ______noon and go to bed_____the evening.
A. in, in
B.at, at
C.at,in
D.in,at
2. Ben sometimes ______at night.
A.is shaving
B.is going to shave
C.shave
D.shaves
3. I always_____ TV in the evening.
A.watch
B.watches
C.watching
D.to watch
4. Usually I ____the dishes and my wife_____the floor in the living room.
A. wash, sweep
B.washes,sweep
C.wash, sweeps
D.washes,sweeps
5.When ____she _____her homework?
A. do, does
B.does, do
C.does,does
D.do, do
II.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1. My dad often_________(shave) in the morning.
2. Jack always_________(go) to school in the morning.
3.It sometimes________(snow) in winter here.
4. She ______ (not go)home at noon every day.
5. I often ______ (drink) a cup of water in the morning.
6. We sometimes________(read) books at night.
III.句型转换
1.He makes the bed in the morning. (变否定句)
He _______ ________ the bed in the morning.
2.Jenny goes to work every day. (变一般疑问句并作否定回答)
_______ Jenny_____ ______ work every day? ________________
3.The Sawyers live at 87 King Street. （对划线提问）
_______ ________ the Sawyers live?
4.The baby often eat his lunch at noon. （对划线提问）
_______ _______ the baby _______ ________ at noon?
5.She cleans her room in the afternoon. （对划线提问）
_______ ________ she ________ her room?
IV.阅读理解
Tom is seven , he goes to school every day .The school is near his home.So he goes there on foot and comes back home on time . But today he is late. His mother asks him : Why are you late today? I am in the headmaster’s off ice . Why do you go to the headmaster’s office? Because my teacher asks us a question in class , and nobody can answer it , but I can . It’s good to answer the teacher’s quest ions, what is the question? The question is ---who puts ink on my chair? Write T or F
（）(1) Tom’s home is not far from his school
（）(2) Tom goes to school by bike
（）(3) Tom puts ink on the teacher’s chair
（）(4) Tom is six
（）(5) Tom goes to the teacher’s office。