IB-8-The Family
金士顿e MMC 5.1嵌入式多媒体卡（e
Embedded Multi-Media Card(e•MMC™ 5.1)EMMC16G-IB29-PE90EMMC32G-IB29-PE90EMMC64G-IB29-PE90v1.0Product Features•Packaged managed NAND flash memory with e•MMC™ 5.1 interface•Backward compatible with all prior e•MMC™ specification revisions•153-ball JEDEC FBGA RoHS Compliant package•Operating voltage range:o VCCQ = 1.8 V/3.3 Vo VCC = 3.3 V•Operating Temperature (T case) - 40C to +85C•Storage Temperature -55C to +85C•Compliant with e•MMC™ 5.1 JEDEC Standard Number JESD84-B51•Factory configured with pseudo Single Level Cell (pSLC) mode for enhanced reliability and performance•Factory configured with reliable writee•MMC™ Specific Feature Support•High-speed e•MMC™ protocol•Variable clock frequencies of 0-200MHz•Ten-wire bus interface (clock, 1 bit command, 8 bit data bus) with an optional hardware reset •Supports three different data bus widths: 1 bit(default), 4 bits, 8 bits•Bus Modes:o Single data transfer rate: up to 52MB/s (using 8 parallel data lines at 52MHz)o Dual data rate mode (DDR-104) : up to 104MB/s @ 52MHzo High speed, single data rate mode (HS-200) : up to 200MB/s @ 200MHzo High speed, dual data rate mode (HS-400) : up to 400MB/s @ 200MHz•Supports alternate boot operation mode to provide a simple boot sequence methodo Supports SLEEP/AWAKE (CMD5)o Host initiated explicit sleep mode for power saving•Enhanced write protection with permanent and partial protection options•Multiple user data partition with enhanced attribute for increased reliability•Error free memory accesso Cyclic Redundancy Code (CRC) for reliable command and data communicationo Internal error correction code (ECC) for improved data storage integrityo Internal enhanced data management algorithmo Data protection for sudden power failure during program operations•Securityo Secure bad block erase commandso Enhanced write protection with permanent and partial protection options•Power off notification for sleep•Field firmware update (FFU)•Production state awareness•Device health report•Command queuing•Enhanced strobe•Cache flushing report•Cache barrier•Background operation control & High Priority Interrupt (HPI)•RPMB throughput improvement•Secure write protection•Pre EOL information•Optimal sizeProduct DescriptionKingston’s e•MMC™ products conform to the JEDEC e•MMC™ 5.1standard. These devices are an ideal universal storage solution for many commercial and industrial applications. In a single integrated packaged device, e•MMC™ combines triple-level cell (TLC) NAND flash memory with an onboard e•MMC™ controller, providing an industry standard interface to the host system. The integrated e•MMC™ controller directly manages NAND flash media which relieves the host processor of these tasks, including flash media error control, wear-leveling, NAND flash management and performance optimization. Future revision to the JEDEC e•MMC™ standard will always maintain backward compatibility. The industry standard interface to the host processor ensures compatibility across future NAND flash generations as well, easing product sustainment throughout the product life cycle. ConfigurationsKingston’s e•MMC™ products support a variety of configurations that allow the e•MMC™ device to be tailored to your specific application needs. The most popular configurations described below are each offered under standard part numbers.Standard TLC – By default the e•MMC™ device is configured with the NAND flash in a standard TLC mode. This configuration provides reasonable performance and reliability for many applications. Pseudo Single Level Cell (pSLC) – The TLC NAND flash in the Kingston e•MMC™ device can be configured to further improve device endurance, data retention, reliability and performance over the standard TLC configuration. This is done by converting the NAND TLC cells to a pseudo single level cell (SLC) configuration. In this configuration, along with the performance and reliability gains, the device capacity is reduced by 2/3 of the capacity. This one-time configuration is achieved by setting the e•MMC™ enhanced attribute for the hardware partition.Kingston e•MMC™ can be ordered preconfigured with the option of reliable write or pSLC at no additional cost. Standard TLC devices can also be one-time configured in-field by following the procedures outlined in the JEDEC e•MMC™ specification. The JEDEC e•MMC™ specification allows for many additional configurations such as up to 4 additional general purpose (GPn) hardware partitions each with the option to support pSLC and reliable write. Additionally, Kingston provides a content loading service that can streamline your product assembly while reducing production costs. For more information, contact your Kingston representative.Kingston e•MMC™ devices are fully compliant with the JEDEC Standard Specification No. JESD84-B51. This datasheet provides technical specifications for Kingston’s family of e•MMC™ devices. Refer to the JEDEC e•MMC™ standard for specific information related to e•MMC™ device function and operation. See: /sites/default/files/docs/JESD84-B51.pdfe•MMC™ Mode and ControllerTLC mode using PS8229 - Leading edge 3D NAND flash technology in TLC mode rated to 3,000 endurance cycles.- Strong data protection with LDPC Error control- Improved data integrity with end-to-end data protection.pSLC mode using PS8229 - Leading edge 3D NAND flash technology in pSLC mode.- Strong data protection with LDPC Error control- Improved data integrity with end-to-end data protection.Part NumberingFigure 1 – Part Number FormatEMMC 16G - xxxx - PE90A B C DPart Number FieldsA: Product Family : EMMCB: Device Capacity : Available capacities of 16GB – 64GBC: Hardware Revision and ConfigurationD: Device Firmware Revision and ConfigurationTable 1 - Device SummaryDevice PerformanceTable 2 below provides sequential read and write speeds for all capacities. Performance numbers can vary under different operating conditions. Values are given at HS400 bus mode. Contact your Kingston Representative for performance numbers using other bus modes.Power ConsumptionDevice current consumption for various device configurations is defined in the power class fields of the EXT_CSD register. Power consumption values are summarized in Table 3 below.Device and Partition CapacityThe device NAND flash capacity is divided across two boot partitions (2048 KB each), a Replay Protected Memory Block (RPMB) partition (512 KB), and the main user storage area. Four additional general purpose storage partitions can be created from the user partition. These partitions can be factory preconfigured or configured in-field by following the procedure outlined in section 6.2 of the JEDEC e•MMC™ specification JESD84-B51. A small portion of the NAND storage capacity is used for the storage of the onboard controller firmware and mapping tables. Additionally, several NAND blocks are held in reserve to boost performance and extend the life of the e•MMC™ device. Table 4 identifies the specific capacity of each partition. This information is reported in the device EXT_CSD register. The contents of this register are also listed in the Appendix.e•MMC™ Bus ModesKingston e•MMC™ devices support all bus modes defined in the JEDEC e•MMC™ 5.1 specification. These modes are summarized in Table 6 below.Signal DescriptionTable 7 - e•MMC™ Signals Name Type DescriptionCLK I Clock: Each cycle of this signal directs a one bit transfer on the command and either a one bit (1x) or a two bits transfer (2x) on all the data lines. The frequency may vary between zero and the maximum clock frequency.DAT[7:0] I/O/PP Data: These are bidirectional data channels. The DAT signals operate in push-pull mode. These bidirectional signals are driven by either the e•MMC™ device or the host controller. By default, after power up or reset, only DAT0 is used for data transfer. A wider data bus can be configured for data transfer, using either DAT0-DAT3 or DAT0-DAT7, by the e•MMC™ host controller. The e•MMC™ device includes internal pull-ups for data lines DAT1-DAT7. Immediately after entering the 4-bit mode, the device disconnects the internal pull ups of lines DAT1, DAT2, and DAT3. Correspondingly, immediately after entering to the 8-bit mode, the device disconnects the internal pull-ups of lines DAT1–DAT7.CMD I/O/PP/OD Command: This signal is a bidirectional command channel used for device initialization and transfer of commands. The CMD signal has two operation modes: open-drain for initialization mode, and push-pull for fast command transfer. Commands are sent from the e•MMC™ host controller to the e•MMC™ device and responses are sent from the device to the host.DS O This signal is generated by the device and used for output in HS400 mode. The frequency of this signal follows the frequency of CLK. For data output each cycle of this signal directs two bits transfer(2x) on the data - one bit for positive edge and the other bit for negative edge. For CRC status response output and CMD response output (enabled only HS400 enhanced strobe mode), the CRC status and CMD Response are latched on the positive edge only, and don't care on the negative edge.RST_n I Hardware Reset: By default, hardware reset is disabled and must be enabled in the EXT_CSD register if used. Otherwise, it can be left un-connected.RFU - Reserved for future use: These pins are not internally connected. Leave floatingNC - Not Connected: These pins are not internally connected. Signals can be routed through these balls to ease printed circuit board design. See Kingston’s Design Guidelines for further details.VSF - Vendor Specific Function: These pins are not internally connectedVddi - Internal Voltage Node: Note that this is not a power supply input. This pin provides access to the output of an internal voltage regulator to allow for the connection of an external Creg capacitor. See Kingston’s Design Guidelines for further details.Vcc S Supply voltage for core Vccq S Supply voltage for I/ODesign GuidelinesDesign guidelines are outlined in a separate document. Contact your Kingston Representative for more information.Package DimensionsFigure 2 – Package DimensionsFigure 3 – Ball Pattern DimensionsBall Assignment (153 ball)Table 8 – Ball Assignment, Top View (HS400)1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14A NC NC DAT0 DAT1 DAT2 Vss RFU NC NC NC NC NC NC NC AB NC DAT3 DAT4 DAT5 DAT6 DAT7 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC BC NC Vddi NC Vssq NC Vccq NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC CD NC NC NC NC NC NC NC DE NC NC NC RFU Vcc Vss VSF VSF VSF NC NC NC EF NC NC NC Vcc VSF NC NC NC FG NC NC RFU Vss VSF NC NC NC GH NC NC NC DS Vss NC NC NC H J NC NC NC Vss Vcc NC NC NC J K NC NC NC RST_n RFU RFU Vss Vcc VSF NC NC NC K L NC NC NC NC NC NC L M NC NC NC Vccq CMD CLK NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC M N NC Vssq NC Vccq Vssq NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC N P NC NC Vccq Vssq Vccq Vssq RFU NC NC RFU NC NC NC NC P1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Note: VSF, RFU and NC balls are not electrically connected. RFU balls may be defined with functionality by the Joint Electron Device Engineering Council (JEDEC) in future revisions of the e•MMC™ standard. Please refer to Kingston’s design guidelines for more info.Device MarkingFigure 4 - EMMC Package Marking240xxxx-xxx.xxxxYYWW PPPPPPPPxxxxxxx-xxxx2xxxxxxTAIWANKingston Logo240xxxx-xxx.xxxx：Internal control numberYYWW：Date code (YY– Last 2 digits ofyear, WW- Work week)PPPPPPPP： Internal control numberxxxxxxx-xxxx Sales P/N2xxxxxx : Internal control numberCountry：TAIWANCard Identification Register (CID)The Card Identification (CID) register is a 128-bit register that contains device identification information used during the e•MMC™ protocol device identification phase. Refer to JEDEC Standard Specification No.JESD84-B51 for details.Field Byte ValueMID [127:120] 0x70reserved [119:114] 0x00CBX [113:112] 0x01OID [111:104] 0x00PNM [103:56 ] IB2916(16G) IB2932(32G) IB2964(64G)PRV [ 55:48 ] 0x90PSN [ 47:16 ] RandomMDT [ 15:8 ] month, yearCRC [ 7:1 ] Follows JEDEC Standard reserved [ 0:0 ] 0x01Card Specific Data Register [CSD]The Card-Specific Data (CSD) register provides information on how to access the contents stored in e•MMC™. The CSD registers are used to define the error correction type, maximum data access time, data transfer speed, data format…etc. For details, refer to section 7.3 of the JEDEC Standard Specification No.JESD84-B51.Field Byte ValueCSD_Structure [127:126] 0x03 (V2.0)SPEC_VER [125:122] 0x04 (V4.0~4.2)reserved [121:120] 0x00TAAC [119:112] 0x4F (40ms)NSAC [111:104] 0x01TRAN_SPEED [103:96 ] 0x32 (26Mbit/s)CCC [ 95:84 ] 0x0F5READ_BL_LEN [ 83:80 ] 0x09 (512 Bytes)READ_BL_PARTIAL [ 79:79 ] 0x00WRITE_BLK_MISALIGN [ 78:78 ] 0x00READ_BLK_MISALIGN [ 77:77 ] 0x00DSR_IMP [ 76:76 ] 0x00reserved [ 75:74 ] 0x00C_SIZE [ 73:62 ] 0xFFFVDD_R_CURR_MIN [ 61:59 ] 0x07 (100mA)VDD_R_CURR_MAX [ 58:56 ] 0x07 (200mA)VDD_W_CURR_MIN [ 55:53 ] 0x07 (100mA)VDD_W_CURR_MAX [ 52:50 ] 0x07 (200mA)C_SIZE_MULT [ 49:47 ] 0x07 (512 Bytes)ERASE_GRP_SIZE [ 46:42 ] 0x1FERASE_GRP_MULT [ 41:37 ] 0x1FWP_GRP_SIZE [ 36:32 ] 0x0FWP_GRP_ENABLE [ 31:31 ] 0x01DEFAULT_ECC [ 30:29 ] 0x00R2W_FACTOR [ 28:26 ] 0x02WRITE_BL_LEN [ 25:22 ] 0x09 (512 Bytes)WRITE_BL_PARTIAL [ 21:21 ] 0x00reserved [ 20:17 ] 0x00CONTENT_PROT_APP [ 16:16 ] 0x00FILE_FORMAT_GRP [ 15:15 ] 0x00COPY [ 14:14 ] 0x00PERM_WRITE_PROTECT [ 13:13 ] 0x00TMP_WRITE_PROTECT [ 12:12 ] 0x00FILE_FORMAT [ 11:10 ] 0x00Field Byte ValueECC [ 9:8 ] 0x00CRC [ 7:1 ] Follow JEDEC Standard reserved [ 0:0 ] 0x01Extended Card Specific Data Register [EXT_CSD]The Extended CSD register defines the Device properties and selected modes. It is 512 bytes long. The most significant 320 bytes are the Properties segment, which defines the Device capabilities and cannot be modified by the host. The lower 192 bytes are the Modes segment, which defines the configuration the Device is working in. These modes can be changed by the host by means of the SWITCH command. For details, refer to section 7.4 of the JEDEC Standard Specification No.JESD84-B51.Field Byte ValueReserved [511:506] 0EXT_SECURITY_ERR [505:505] 0x00S_CMD_SET [504:504] 0x01HPI_FEATURES [503:503] 0x01BKOPS_SUPPORT [502:502] 0x01MAX_PACKED_READS [501:501] 0x3CMAX_PACKED_WRITES [500:500] 0x20DATA_TAG_SUPPORT [499:499] 0x01TAG_UNIT_SIZE [498:498] 0x03TAG_RES_SIZE [497:497] 0x00CONTEXT_CAPABILITIES [496:496] 0x05LARGE_UNIT_SIZE_M1 [495:495] 0x17(16G) 0x2F(32G) 0x5F(64G)EXT_SUPPORT [494:494] 0x03 SUPPORTED_MODES [493:493] 0x01FFU_FEATURES [492:492] 0x00 OPERATION_CODE_TIMEOUT [491:491] 0x00FFU_ARG [490:487] 65535 BARRIER_SUPPORT [486:486] 0x01Reserved [485:309] 0CMDQ_SUPPORT [308:308] 0x01CMDQ_DEPTH [307:307] 0x0FReserved [306:306] 0x00 NUMBER_OF_FW_SECTORS_CORRECTLY_PROGRAMMED [305:302] 0 VENDOR_PROPRIETARY_HEALTH_REPORT [301:270] 0 DEVICE_LIFE_TIME_EST_TYP_B [269:269] 0x01DEVICE_LIFE_TIME_EST_TYP_A [268:268] 0x01PRE_EOL_INFO [267:267] 0x01 OPTIMAL_READ_SIZE [266:266] 0x01OPTIMAL_WRITE_SIZE [265:265] 0x08Field Byte Value OPTIMAL_TRIM_UNIT_SIZE [264:264] 0x01 DEVICE_VERSION [263:262] 0FIRMWARE_VERSION [261:254] 0x90 PWR_CL_DDR_200_360 [253:253] 0x00 CACHE_SIZE [252:249] 1024 GENERIC_CMD6_TIME [248:248] 0x32 POWER_OFF_LONG_TIME [247:247] 0xFF BKOPS_STATUS [246:246] 0x00 CORRECTLY_PRG_SECTORS_NUM [245:242] 0 INI_TIMEOUT_AP [241:241] 0x64 CACHE_FLUSH_POLICY [240:240] 0x01 PWR_CL_DDR_52_360 [239:239] 0x00 PWR_CL_DDR_52_195 [238:238] 0x00PWR_CL_200_195 [237:237] 0x00PWR_CL_200_130 [236:236] 0x00 MIN_PERF_DDR_W_8_52 [235:235] 0x00 MIN_PERF_DDR_R_8_52 [234:234] 0x00 Reserved [233:233] 0x00TRIM_MULT [232:232] 0x11(16G) 0x11(32G) 0x22(64G)SEC_FEATURE_SUPPORT [231:231] 0x55 SEC_ERASE_MULT [230:230] 0xF7 SEC_TRIM_MULT [229:229] 0xF7 BOOT_INFO [228:228] 0x07Reserved [227:227] 0x00 BOOT_SIZE_MULT [226:226] 0x20ACC_SIZE [225:225] 0x07(16G) 0x08(32G) 0x09(64G)HC_ERASE_GRP_SIZE [224:224] 0x01ERASE_TIMEOUT_MULT [223:223] 0x11(16G) 0x11(32G) 0x22(64G)REL_WR_SEC_C [222:222] 0x01HC_WP_GRP_SIZE [221:221] 0x10 S_C_VCC [220:220] 0x08S_C_VCCQ [219:219] 0x08 PRODUCTION_STATE_AWARENESS_TIMEOUT [218:218] 0x14 S_A_TIMEOUT [217:217] 0x15 SLEEP_NOTIFICATION_TIME [216:216] 0x0FField Byte ValueSEC_COUNT [215:212] 10207232 (16G) 20414464 (32G) 40828928 (64G)SECURE_WP_INFO [211:211] 0x01 MIN_PERF_W_8_52 [210:210] 0x08 MIN_PERF_R_8_52 [209:209] 0x08 MIN_PERF_W_8_26_4_52 [208:208] 0x08 MIN_PERF_R_8_26_4_52 [207:207] 0x08 MIN_PERF_W_4_26 [206:206] 0x08 MIN_PERF_R_4_26 [205:205] 0x08 Reserved [204:204] 0x00 PWR_CL_26_360 [203:203] 0x00 PWR_CL_52_360 [202:202] 0x00 PWR_CL_26_195 [201:201] 0x00 PWR_CL_52_195 [200:200] 0x00 PARTITION_SWITCH_TIME [199:199] 0xFF OUT_OF_INTERRUPT_TIME [198:198] 0xFF DRIVER_STRENGTH [197:197] 0x1F DEVICE_TYPE [196:196] 0x57 Reserved [195:195] 0x00 CSD_STRUCTURE [194:194] 0x02 Reserved [193:193] 0x00 EXT_CSD_REV [192:192] 0x08 CMD_SET [191:191] 0x00Reserved [190:190] 0x00 CMD_SET_REV [189:189] 0x00 Reserved [188:188] 0x00 POWER_CLASS [187:187] 0x00 Reserved [186:186] 0x00HS_TIMING [185:185] 0x01 STROBE_SUPPORT [184:184] 0x01 BUS_WIDTH [183:183] 0x02Reserved [182:182] 0x00 ERASED_MEM_CONT [181:181] 0x00 Reserved [180:180] 0x00 PARTITION_CONFIG [179:179] 0x00 BOOT_CONFIG_PROT [178:178] 0x00 BOOT_BUS_CONDITIONS [177:177] 0x00 Reserved [176:176] 0x00 ERASE_GROUP_DEF [175:175] 0x00 BOOT_WP_STATUS [174:174] 0x00C - 4Field Byte Value BOOT_WP [173:173] 0x00 Reserved [172:172] 0x00 USER_WP [171:171] 0x00 Reserved [170:170] 0x00 FW_CONFIG [169:169] 0x00 RPMB_SIZE_MULT [168:168] 0x20 WR_REL_SET [167:167] 0x00 WR_REL_PARAM [166:166] 0x15 SANITIZE_START [165:165] 0x00 BKOPS_START [164:164] 0x00 BKOPS_EN [163:163] 0x00 RST_n_FUNCTION[162:162] 0x00 HPI_MGMT[161:161] 0x00 PARTITIONING_SUPPORT [160:160] 0x07 MAX_ENH_SIZE_MULT [159:157] 623(16G) 1246(32G) 2492(64G) PARTITIONS_ATTRIBUTE[156:156] 0x01 PARTITION_SETTING_COMPLETED[155:155] 0x01 GP_SIZE_MULT_4 [154:152] 0 GP_SIZE_MULT_3 [151:149] 0 GP_SIZE_MULT_2 [148:146] 0 GP_SIZE_MULT_1[145:143] 0 ENH_SIZE_MULT[142:140] 623(16G) 1246(32G) 2492(64G)ENH_START_ADDR[139:136] 0 Reserved[135:135] 0x00 SEC_BAD_BLK_MGMNT[134:134] 0x00 PRODUCTION_STATE_AWARENESS[133:133] 0x00 TCASE_SUPPORT [132:132] 0x00 PERIODIC_WAKEUP[131:131] 0x00 PROGRAM _CID_CSD_DDR_SUPPORT[130:130] 0x01 Reserved[129:128] 0 VENDOR_SPECIFIC_FIELD[127:67 ] 538968064ERROR_CODE [ 66:65 ] 0 ERROR_TYPE[ 64:64 ] 0x00 NATIVE_SECTOR_SIZE [ 63:63 ] 0x00 USE_NATIVE_SECTOR [ 62:62 ] 0x00 DATA_SECTOR_SIZE [ 61:61 ] 0x00 INI_TIMEOUT_EMU[ 60:60 ] 0x00C - 5FieldByte Value CLASS_6_CTRL [ 59:59 ] 0x00 DYNCAP_NEEDED[ 58:58 ] 0x00 EXCEPTION_EVENTS_CTRL [ 57:56 ] 0 EXCEPTION_EVENTS_STATUS [ 55:54 ] 0 EXT_PARTITIONS_ATTRIBUTE[ 53:52 ] 0 CONTEXT_CONF[ 51:37 ] 0 PACKED_COMMAND_STATUS [ 36:36 ] 0x00 PACKED_FAILURE_INDEX [ 35:35 ] 0x00 POWER_OFF_NOTIFICATION[ 34:34 ] 0x00 CACHE_CTRL [ 33:33 ] 0x00 FLUSH_CACHE [ 32:32 ] 0x00 BARRIER_CTRL [ 31:31 ] 0x00 MODE_CONFIG[ 30:30 ] 0x00 MODE_OPERATION_CODES[ 29:29 ] 0x00 Reserved [ 28:27 ] 0 FFU_STATUS[ 26:26 ] 0x00 PRE_LOADING_DATA_SIZE [ 25:22 ] 0MAX_PRE_LOADING_DATA_SIZE[ 21:18 ] 3304106(16G) 6608213(32G) 13216426(64G)PRODUCT_STATE_AWARENESS_ENABLEMENT[ 17:17 ] 0x01 SECURE_REMOVAL_TYPE[ 16:16 ] 0x01 CMDQ_MODE_EN[ 15:15 ] 0x00 Reserved[ 14:0 ]。
山东省潍坊市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
山东省潍坊市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题一、阅读理解GROUP VOLUNTEER PROJECTSSchedule a project for your school, work team, non-profit, club, youth group, faith group, etc.Gather your group members and work together on a fun service project that makes a difference in your parks and community! Our volunteer programs are great team experiences for community organizations, youth groups and schools. Take a break from your routine, get outside get your hands dirty, and enjoy your spectacular national parks next door.No experience necessary. We provide all of the tools, training, and leadership.3-Hour Volunteer Projects Include: Types of Volunteer Projects:●Teambuilding●Habitat Restoration●Energizing Activity●Historic Gardens●Hands-On Learning●Historic Landscapes●Native Plant Nurseries SCHEDULING A GROUP PROGRAMSTEP1：LEND A HAND | FIND A VOLUNTEER PROJECTSelect a project(s) from our List of Available Projects.Submit a Group Project Request Form and let us know the project(s) you would like tojoin.STEP2：W AIT FOR CONFIRMATIONIf you selected an available project(s), we will respond to you soon with next steps. Please note, spring is our busiest season — all requests may take longer than usual.STEP3：PREPARE YOUR TEAMOnce you receive a confirmation, share the details with your team. Make sure your team is prepared to be outside, to get dirty, and to have a great day in the parks. There, you’ll be working alongside experienced park staff.MORE INFORMATIONQUESTIONS?**********************************************-561-3044.Thank you for your service and support! It takes many hands to care for and protect our parks. We look forward to working with you and your team!1．What is a feature of the Group Volunteer Projects?A．Offering no tools.B．Focusing on individuals.C．Requiring no experience.D．Including a sightseeing tour.2．What are you expected to do when scheduling a group program?A．Create a project of your own.B．Make your team fully prepared.C．Get the confirmation instantly.D．Buy necessary tools and uniforms. 3．What is the aim of the Group V olunteer Projects?A．To preserve local parks.B．To design new natural parks.C．To help local people in need.D．To conduct scientific research.Here comes a time for every family when the tables turn and the parent has to answer to the child. Mine came recently when my wife and I visited our son in Los Angeles.“Dad, don’t leave the water running when you brush your teeth,” Nathaniel admonished on our first night. All right, I figured, this is California, where drought (干旱) is a concern. But then more followed. Not to leave my awkward walking shoes sitting out, and did I even need such ugly footwear? Don’t wear a neck warmer when walking the dogs in the morning — it will warm up when we get to the park. And do you have to take a shower before we drive to Topanga?At the beginning, I wondered how I raised such a bossy child. But I recalled my own words when he was young: “Someday, you’ll have your own home and can live however you want. Until then, do as we say.” Now, it was payback time.I remembered being angry at my own father’s commands growing up, how he always tidied my desk or came into my room at dusk to close the windows. And so I smilingly followed Nathaniel’s nagging (唠叨).On our last afternoon, we were walking along ElMatador Beach and hit an extended patch of rocks — clearly the end of the line, I thought. Nathaniel wouldn’t hear of it and encouraged me to walk across one largest one to the next, patiently telling me where to place my arthritic (关节炎的) feet and hands as ocean waves came close. I was terrified, but after a couple hundred yards we eventually reached a fresh sandy beach.“You did it! I’m really proud,” he said, smiling, as if I’d just learned to ride a bike. It was then that I knew for sure that the son also rises to fatherhood.4．What does the underlined word “admonished” in paragraph 2mean?A．Warned gently but firmly B．Explained loudly but lovingly.C．Announced officially and clearly.D．Inspired deeply and indirectly.5．Why did the author refer to his father?A．For memory.B．For reference.C．For encouragement.D．For comparison. 6．What was the writer’s attitude towards his son at last?A．Annoyed.B．Regretful.C．Appreciative.D．Disapproving. 7．What might be the best tile of the passage?A．The Role Switch: Parent to PupilB．The Bossy Son: Nathaniel’s TakeoverC．The Beach Challenge: Crossing the RocksD．The Power of Words: Nagging to ChangeThere are millions — possibly billions — of ponds (池塘).Yet for a century or so, they are poorly understood and scientists have paid them very little attention. This neglect (忽视) might not have mattered if it were not for increasing evidence that ponds are extremely important habitats for wildlife.Ponds are being shown more bio-diverse than rivers or lakes. Interestingly, this seems to be partly due to the small size of ponds, which allows them to have a wide range of conditions. The community in a pond with clear water will be very different to that in a nearby seasonal pond made cloudy by farm animals. Ponds show far greater variation than rivers and streams, as flowing water tends to equalize water chemistry.So why have we ignored such a vital part of the natural world? A key reason appears to be the bias (偏见) we humans have where we assume that if something is small, it can’t be all that important. Rather than study ponds, scientists in the past typically headed for the largest lake or river they could find.Most of us also devalue ponds because we assume they are artificial habitats: we look at the human-made examples around us and don’t realize that these waters have a deeply ancient origin. In our new book Ponds, Pools and Puddles, we show that ponds have clearly existed on Earth as long as there has been land and water and the geological record shows they have been a constantpresence.Now, views are taking on new shapes. Last year, the Ramsar Convention, an international agreement, introduced a proposal on small wetlands, including ponds, giving crucial recognition to them. And the European Union-funded PONDER FUL project is gathering data on Europe’s ponds.In a world where freshwater faces big challenges, creating and protecting ponds provides a ray of hope: a piece of natural ecological (生态的) engineering we can easily achieve to help support one of the most threatened bits of the environment.8．What may contribute to the biodiversity of ponds?A．The nearby animals.B．The constant temperature water.C．Their diverse conditions.D．Their regularly changing conditions. 9．What caused ponds to be neglected?A．People’s love for nature.B．Insufficient ponds for research.C．People’s mistaken belief of ponds.D．Lacking scientific research methods. 10．Why is “PONDERFUL project” mentioned?A．To promote the Ramsar Convention.B．To prepare for the research on pondsC．To highlight the importance of small wetlands.D．To show the changing attitudes towards ponds.11．What can we conclude from the last paragraph?A．Penny wise, pound foolish.B．A small key opens a big door.C．Small streams make great rivers D．A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.We all know how it feels to get lost in a great book. Sometimes the characters and emotions can seem as real as those of our everyday lives, But what’s happening in our brains as we dive into those pages?A team led by Leila Wehbe and Tom Mitchell of Carnegie Mellon University’s machine learning department has provided answers to the question.The researchers gathered a group of 8 volunteers, and recorded their brain activity in an fMRI scanner(扫描仪) as they read Chapter 9 of Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone for 45minutes. Then, they put the volunteers’ fMRI data into a computer program they’d written. They’d designed the program to look for patterns of brain activity that appeared when the volunteers read certain words, particular characters’ names and other features of the story—a total of 195 different “story features”.When the researchers used all the 195 story features, the program was able to guess which passage was being read with an accuracy of 74 percent. Finally, the researchers repeated the test at every brain region, which allowed them to figure out which brain regions are processing which types of information.They find that our brains run individual words through the first round of processing in the visual cortex—the brain area that processes all visual input—and through higher-level processing areas like the left inferior frontal gyrus (左侧额下回). When the volunteers read descriptions of physical movement in the story, the descriptions adjusted the activity into the regions involved in sensing real-world movement. A variety of characters, meanwhile, were correlated with the activity patterns in the right posterior superior region (脑右后上区域). This all confirm the existence of what researchers call the “protagonist’s perspective(主人公视角)interpreter network(PPIN)”, a network of brain regions that enable us to “become” the protagonist of the story we’re reading.“We maybe not only toward a more accurate rate neural(神经的)model of language processing, but also toward a clearer understanding of how and why it can go wrong,” We h be said. Someday it may help us design individually tailored neurological treatments for reading disorders. And many people may in the future find it easier to get lost in the pages of a good book. 12．How was the study carried out?A．By using an fMRI scanner.B．By reading the book and telling feelings.C．By tracking the brain’s response to a story.D．By processing the book with a program.13．Why did the researchers repeat the test at every brain region?A．To test its effect.B．To improve the program prediction.C．To confirm “story features”.D．To identify brain’s processing regions. 14．What can we know about the findings of the study in paragraph 5?A．Readers can experience the story through PPIN.B．Higher-level processing areas are for storing words.C．Physical movements are processed in the inferior frontal gyrus.D．Characters are associated with the left posterior superior region.15．What is a possible application of the study?A．Promoting good reading standards.B．Improving humans intelligence.C．Curing people’s reading disorders.D．Mastering learning skills easier.Unaided, we can’t do anything without our feet. So why, when our quality of life is directly related to being active, do many of us ignore these two vital parts of our body?16 In 2021, a study over arise in foot tissues and how poor foot health affects everything from physical activity to the overall health of able-bodied people was conducted. “Foot problems can reduce quality of life, lead to loss of balance, make it difficult to put on shoes and increase the risk of falling,” the authors wrote in the journal Scientific Reports. Meanwhile, a 2017 study, also in Spain, of able-bodied university students confirmed this too. 17 It increased their risk of being socially cutoff.If foot pain limits your activity a and lasts more than a week, says Paul Langer, a sports-medicine podiatrist (足疗医生), it’s time to see a doctor for foot treatment. 18 They’re like the base of the Tower of Pisa. When they’re off, the tower leans (倾斜).Therefore, keeping our foot happy is rather critical. 19 Experts say every move we make creates a chain reaction in our muscles, and joints.The foot is the driver of all movement. 20 If afoot doesn’t work normally, it can drive everything up the chain to be of disfunction, too. The key to a healthy foot is strength and mobility through the hips (臀部). Therefore our feet need help from their friends above to keep them working properly.A．Spanish scientists expressed concern.B．All of this can affect activities of daily living.C．In fact, seeking help from experts is the best way.D．Poor foot health prevented them from being physically active.E．Taking care of your feet sometimes begins elsewhere in your body.F．When the foot hits the ground, everything else in the body changes.G．If the feet aren’t performing properly, they throw everything else off.二、完形填空It was one of my favourite parts of the day, when I walked my husky, Max, around our neighbourhood.Though wolf-like in 21 , he was a teddy bear at heart. My partner, David, and I had got him when he was 12 weeks old, and he 22 into our home perfectly. Now, he is 18 months old.As soon as we’d 23 our walk, we headed back towards home. We were around 200m away, when 24 I felt at thud (重击) on my back and everything went black. When I 25 , I was in the hospital, covered in 26 . David was by my bedside.Later David explained a woman had been driving down the quiet road where Max and I were walking when her vehicle lost control, 27 the sidewalk and hit me, throwing me head-first into a rock wall, causing serious damage to my head.The wall was 28 by trees and bushes, meaning my 29 body was hidden from sight from anyone walking past. Fortunately, Max had escaped, 30 . Realizing I needed help, our clever dog ran home to 31 the alarm. With Max’s help, my husband arrived at the 32 .He found me hidden behind a tree, unconscious (无意识的) and bleeding. I was rushed to the hospital, where I went through an 11-hour 33 operation because every bone in my face was broken.“You wouldn’t have 34 it if it weren’t for Max,” David told me, 35 . 21．A．voice B．behavior C．appearance D．smell 22．A．settled B．broke C．hid D．wandered 23．A．planned B．cancelled C．delayed D．finished 24．A．calmly B．silently C．suddenly D．eventually 25．A．came to power B．came to life C．came over D．came up 26．A．costumes B．sheets C．towels D．wires27．A．avoided B．approached C．mounted D．left 28．A．covered B．surrounded C．protected D．affected 29．A．homeless B．disabled C．lifeless D．burned 30．A．tired B．unharmed C．bored D．weakened 31．A．fix B．raise C．set D．test 32．A．scene B．hospital C．stop D．beginning 33．A．supportive B．creative C．preventive D．reconstructive 34．A．charged B．made C．got D．deserved 35．A．wide-mouthed B．calm-minded C．gray-haired D．teary-eyed三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
IB-MandarinBHL-SPNewMoodle
IB-Mandarin B HLOPEN TO: Grades 11-12LENGTH: Full yearPREREQUISITES: 4B and Permission from the instructorCREDIT AREA: World Languages Teacher: Sarah Ting丁绍爱老师 The main focus of this course is to strongly reinforce and the further develop students' four language skills (listening, speaking, reading and writing) and to thoroughly prepare them for IB Mandarin B HLexaminations. It aims to enable our students:•to achieve high intermediate level communicative fluency in spoken Mandarin and to achieve strong intermediate level literacy in reading and writing Chinese;•to enable the students to engage meaningfully within the community and culture around them and to develop strong skills to lay the solid foundations for lifelong Chinese learning;•to prepare the students comprehensively for academic success in Chinese language, history, literature and culture learning.WELCOME TO IB MANDARIN B (HL)Welcome to IB Mandarin HL class. This class will be conducted in Mandarin only.You will be exposed to a wide variety of authentic texts (written and oral) covering a large range of topics relevant to the specific Language B and its culture. You will apply your language 4 skills-listening, speaking, reading and writing into the communicative modes of interactive oral, receptive skill as well as productive skills. Competency in listening and speaking on a variety of topics is required. You will also be evaluated for reading comprehension and writing proficiency. Writing an essay with 480-600 characters is one of the main goals. You should be prepared to spend an additional 5-10 hours per week outside of class time.In order to reach your goal successfully, I expect you will•Respect and work with all members of the class. Listen to each other, create an open and caring atmosphere and benefit from our diversity.•Be prepared for the class. Take the responsibility for making your class a success.•“ Small Bite Every Day!”-keep up with the workload daily.HL Chinese B Course Outline:Core•Communication and media:1.Advertisement2.Bias in Media3.Internet•Global issues1.Customs and Traditions2.Global Warming3.The Right to Education•Social relationships1.School Life2.Teens’ worrying3.Values and norms2 options•Health1.Nutrition and Diet2.The Balance of Life3.The Concept of Beauty and Health•Leisure1.Travel2.Sports3.Entertainment4.HobbiesLiterature 2 works:•Nove l: “Family”巴⾦金名著:家•Novel: “伍老师”Selected Articles from “ A Series of Progressive Chinese Textbooks for Foreigners” Beijing Language and Culture University Press.COURSE TEXTS•Textbooks: Chinese Made Easy, book 5, Joint Publishing Co•Supplementary Materials prepared by the teacher•Local newspaper articles, selections of literary works and short stories may also be included to further strengthen students' reading skills and increase students' interest in learning.• A variety of genres and styles of texts in Chinese will be introduced throughout the year to help to develop students' reading skills.ASSESSMENT POLICYRefer to the School Assessment Policy in the Handbook for late work and missing work,absences, or academic dishonesty, etc.1) Academic Grade20% Formative Assessment 20% : Daily base performance on learning 4 language skills in writtenand oral responses such as quizzes, oral response in class discussion, sentence patterns, etc.Summative Assessment 80% : Over all Performance base on the results of learning in Written orOral presentation, Major Tests and Projects.Assessment component•P aper 1 (1.5 hours) 25%: Receptive skills-Text-handling exercises on five written texts, based on •Paper 2 (1.5 hours) 25%: Written productive skills-Two compulsory writing exercises. Section A: One task of 300–480 words, based on the options, to be selected from a choice of five. Section B: Response of 180–300 words to a stimulus text, based on the core.•Written assignment (2nd year) 20%: Receptive and written productive skillsCreative writing of 600–720 words plus a rational of 180-300 words, based on one of the literary texts rea Internal assessmentInternally assessed by the teacher and externally moderated by the IB.Individual oral (8–10 minutes) 20%Based on the options: 15 minutes’ preparation time and a 10-minute (maximum) presentation and discuss Interactive oral activity 10%Based on the core: Three classroom interactive oral activities assessed by the teacher.2) Approaches of LearningThis grade reflects students’ learning behaviors in the areas of: collaboration/participation and daily preparation. Students will be assessed using the following scale: Constantly, Usually, Sometimes andRarely. The learning behaviors listed on the following page will be the basis for evaluatingApproaches to Learning in World Languages.Positive Participation & Collaboration•Engages voluntarily in class activities and discussions•Supports and contributes actively to class•Is responsible and respectful in class•Makes an effort to speak in the target language that is learned-ChinesePreparedness for Learning•Arrives in classroom on time and with appropriate materials: homework, charged laptop, textbook, notebook, workbook, pencil/pen, etc.•Produces quality work (e.g. own work, neat, proof-read, name on paper)•Uses class time wisely (on time, does the “Bell Work”, takes notes, works efficiently)•Takes responsibility for individual learning and challenges self to do the BEST (e.g. monitors own progress and seeks help when needed)•Demonstrates academic integrity and honesty.Academic Dishonesty: If a student is caught plagiarizing (using work or answers that are nottheir own or providing their work or answers to another student), disciplinary action will takeplace according to the AISG High School Student Handbook.Keep all assignments, worksheets, quizzes and tests for future reference in case of grade discrepancy.Caring Is the KeyI am always willing to give extra help in your learning. Please contact me by email should you have anyconcerns. Email Address: ***************Let Us Work Out Together For A Successful Year!Sarah Ting 丁老师。
英语诗歌
Samples –type of poetryNARRATIVE (1)Epic (1)THE ILIAD (1)THE AENEID (2)Paradise Lost (2)Romances (3)Troilus and Criseyde (3)Idylls of the King (3)Ballads (4)The Wife of Usher’s Well (4)Robin Hood And Allin-A-Dale (5)LYRICS (5)Auld lang syne (5)Western Wind (6)Hark, Hark, the Lark (6)The Isles of Greece (6)THE DAFFODILS William Wordsworth (6)DRAMATIC (7)Hamlet (7)Julius Caesar (8)NarrativeEPICTHE ILIAD by Homer, translated by Samuel ButlerBOOK ISing, O goddess, the anger of Achilles son of Peleus, that broughtcountless ills upon the Achaeans. Many a brave soul did it sendhurrying down to Hades, and many a hero did it yield a prey to dogsand vultures, for so were the counsels of Jove fulfilled from theday on which the son of Atreus, king of men, and great Achilles, firstfell out with one another.THE AENEID by VirgilBOOK IArms, and the man I sing, who, forc'd by fate,And haughty Juno's unrelenting hate,Expell'd and exil'd, left the Trojan shore.Long labors, both by sea and land, he bore,And in the doubtful war, before he wonThe Latian realm, and built the destin'd town;His banish'd gods restor'd to rites divine,And settled sure succession in his line,From whence the race of Alban fathers come,And the long glories of majestic RomeO Muse! the causes and the crimes relate;What goddess was provok'd, and whence her hate;For what offense the Queen of Heav'n beganTo persecute so brave, so just a man;Involv'd his anxious life in endless cares,Expos'd to wants, and hurried into wars!Can heav'nly minds such high resentment show,Or exercise their spite in human woe?Paradise Lost by John MiltonBook 1Of Mans First Disobedience, and the FruitOf that Forbidden Tree, whose mortal tastBrought Death into the World, and all our woe,With loss of EDEN, till one greater ManRestore us, and regain the blissful Seat,Sing Heav'nly Muse, that on the secret topOf OREB, or of SINAI, didst inspireThat Shepherd, who first taught the chosen Seed,In the Beginning how the Heav'ns and EarthRose out of CHAOS: Or if SION HillDelight thee more, and SILOA'S Brook that flow'dFast by the Oracle of God; I thenceInvoke thy aid to my adventrous Song,That with no middle flight intends to soarAbove th' AONIAN Mount, while it pursuesThings unattempted yet in Prose or Rhime.ROMANCESTroilus and Criseyde by Geoffrey Chaucer BOOK IThe double sorwe of Troilus to tellen, That was the king Priamus sone of Troye, In lovinge, how his aventures fellenFro wo to wele, and after out of Ioye,My purpos is, er that I parte fro ye. Thesiphone, thou help me for tendyte Thise woful vers, that wepen as I wryte!To thee clepe I, thou goddesse of torment, Thou cruel Furie, sorwing ever in peyne; Help me, that am the sorwful instrument That helpeth lovers, as I can, to pleyne! For wel sit it, the sothe for to seyne,A woful wight to han a drery fere,And, to a sorwful tale, a sory chere.Idylls of the King By Tennyson The Coming of ArthurLeodogran, the King of Cameliard,Had one fair daughter, and none other child; And she was the fairest of all flesh on earth, Guinevere, and in her his one delight.For many a petty king ere Arthur cameRuled in this isle, and ever waging warEach upon other, wasted all the land;And still from time to time the heathen host Swarmed overseas, and harried what was left.And so there grew great tracts of wilderness, Wherein the beast was ever more and more,But man was less and less, till Arthur came.For first Aurelius lived and fought and died,And after him King Uther fought and died,But either failed to make the kingdom one.And after these King Arthur for a space,And through the puissance of his Table Round, Drew all their petty princedoms under him.Their king and head, and made a realm, and reigned.BALLADSThe Wife of Usher’s WellThere lived a Wife at Usher’s Well,And a wealthy wife was she:She had three stout and stalwart sons,And sent them over the sea.They hadna been a week from her,A week but barely ane,When word came to the carlin wifeThat her three sons were gane.Robin Hood And Allin-A-DaleCome listen to me, you gallants so free, All you that love mirth for to hear, And I will tell you of a bold ourlawThat lived in Nottinghamshire.As Robin Hood in the forest stood,All under the greenwood tree, There he was aware of a brave young man As fine as fine might be.Lyrics --Auld lang syneBy Robert BurnsThe Should auld acquaintance be forgot, And never brought to min’?Should auld acquaintance be forgot,And days o’ lang syne?We twa hae run about the braes,And pu’d the gowans fine,But we’ve wandered mony a weary foot, Sin’ auld lang syne.We twa hae paidled I’ the burn,From morning sun till dine;But seas between us braid hae roared, Sin’ auld lane syne.And there’s a hand, my trusty fiere,And gie’s a hand o’ thine;And we’ll tak a right gude-willie waught, For auld lang syne.And surely ye’ll be your pint-stowp,And surely I’ll be mine;And we’ll tak a cup o’ kindness yet,For auld lang syne.For auld lang syne, my dear,For auld lang syne,We’ll tak a cup o’ kindness yet,For auld lang syne.Western WindWestern wind, when wilt thou blow,The small rain down can rain?Christ, if my love were in my arms,And I in my bed again!Hark, Hark, the LarkBy ShakespeareHark! Hark! The lark at heaven’s gate sings, And Phoebeus ‘gins arise,His steeds to water at those springsOn chaliced flowers that lies;And winkling Mary-buds beginTo ope their golden eyes.With every thing that pretty is,My lady sweet, arise;Arise, arise!The Isles of GreeceBy ByronThe isles of Greece, the isles of Greece!Where burning Sappho loved and sung, Where grew the arts of war and peace, Where Delos rose, and Phoebus sprung! Eternal summer gilds them yet,But all, except the sun, is set.THE DAFFODILSWilliam WordsworthI wander’d lonely as a cloudThat floats on high o’er vales and hills, When all at once I saw a crowd,A host , of golden daffodils;Beside the lake, beneath the trees, Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.Continuous as the stars that shineAnd twinkle on the Milky way,They stretch’d in never-ending lineAlong the margin of a bay:Ten thousand saw I at a glance,Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.The waves beside them danced, but theyOut-did the sparkling waves in glee:A poet could not but be gayIn such a jocund company!I gazed –and gazed –but little thoughtWhat wealth the show to me had brought:For oft, when on my couch I lieIn vacant or in pensive mood,They flash upon that inward eyeWhich is the bliss of solitude;And then my heart with pleasure fills,And dances with the daffodils.DRAMATICHamletBy ShakespeareHamlet:To be, or not to be, --- that is the question: Whether ’tis nobler in the mind to suffe rThe slings and arrows of outrageous Fortune,Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,And by opposing end them? To die, -- to sleep, -- No more; and, by a sleep, to say we endThe heart-ache, and the thousand natural shocks That flesh is heir to, --- ’tis a consummation Devoutly to be wish’d. To die, --- to sleep;--…Julius CaesarBy ShakespeareANTONY. Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears!I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him.The evil that men do lives after them,The good is oft interred with their bones;So let it be with Caesar. The noble BrutusHath told you Caesar was ambitious;If it were so, it was a grievous fault,And grievously hath Caesar answer'd it.Here, under leave of Brutus and the rest-For Brutus is an honorable man;So are they all, all honorable men-Come I to speak in Caesar's funeral.He was my friend, faithful and just to me;But Brutus says he was ambitious,And Brutus is an honorable man.He hath brought many captives home to Rome,Whose ransoms did the general coffers fill.Did this in Caesar seem ambitious?When that the poor have cried, Caesar hath wept;Ambition should be made of sterner stuff:Yet Brutus says he was ambitious,And Brutus is an honorable man.You all did see that on the LupercalI thrice presented him a kingly crown,Which he did thrice refuse. Was this ambition?Yet Brutus says he was ambitious,And sure he is an honorable man.I speak not to disprove what Brutus spoke,But here I am to speak what I do know.You all did love him once, not without cause;What cause withholds you then to mourn for him?O judgement, thou art fled to brutish beasts,And men have lost their reason. Bear with me;My heart is in the coffin there with Caesar,And I must pause till it come back to me.。
甘薯_PEBP_基因家族鉴定以及影响甘薯块根发育候选PEBP_基因的鉴定
热带作物学报2024, 45(3): 459 472Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops甘薯PEBP基因家族鉴定以及影响甘薯块根发育候选PEBP 基因的鉴定黄哲瑞1,2，辛曙丽3，赵添1,2，刘永华1,2*，朱国鹏1,2*1. 海南大学三亚南繁研究院，海南三亚 572022；2. 海南大学园艺学院/海南省热带园艺作物品质调控重点实验室，海南海口 570228；3. 保亭黎族苗族自治县农业服务中心，海南保亭 572316摘要：磷脂酰乙醇胺结合蛋白（PEBP）在植物中广泛存在，在调控开花、种子休眠以及地下储藏器官（如马铃薯块茎和洋葱鳞茎）形成中发挥着重要作用。
但目前有关甘薯（Ipomoea batatas）PEBP基因家族成员的研究较少，且尚未有研究系统揭示调控甘薯块根发育的关键PEBP家族成员。
本研究首先通过生物信息学分析对甘薯基因组中PEBP基因家族成员的数量和种类进行鉴定，然后通过PEBP基因表达的组织特异性分析、PEBP基因在不同发育时期块根中表达水平的动态变化及其与糖转运蛋白SWEET基因表达水平之间的相关性分析，系统筛选出调控甘薯块根发育的候选PEBP基因家族成员并初步揭示其可能的调控机制。
结果如下：（1）从甘薯基因组中共鉴定出15个PEBP基因，聚类分析将其分为4个亚家族：5个FT-like成员（IbFT1~5）、6个TFL1-like成员（IbTFL1~6）、2个MFT-like成员（IbMFT1~2）和2个PEBP-like成员（IbPEBP1~2）。
（2）聚类分析结果表明，IbFT5可能会促进甘薯块根发育，而IbTFL3可能会抑制其块根发育。
（3）甘薯PEBP基因表达的组织特异性分析表明，在根系高表达的PEBP基因中，只有IbFT5、IbTFL4和IbTFL6不仅在根系的表达水平高于在其他组织中的表达水平，而且和根系中其他PEBP家族成员的表达水平相比，这3个基因的表达水平也是最高的，因此推测这3个PEBP基因可能会促进块根膨大。
Ubuntu 20.04 Linux Inbox Driver用户手册说明书
Ubuntu 20.04 Linux Inbox Driver User Manual20.04Document HistoryTable of Contents1Firmware Burning (4)2Port Type Management (5)2.1Port Type Management/VPI Cards Configuration (5)3Modules Loading and Unloading (9)4Important Packages and Their Installation (10)5SR-IOV Configuration (10)5.1Setting up SR-IOV in ConnectX Adapters (10)Default RoCE Mode Setting for RDMA_CM Application (12)1Firmware Burning1.lspci | grep MellanoxExample:04:00.0 Ethernet controller: Mellanox Technologies MT27700 Family[ConnectX-4]04:00.1 InfiniBand controller: Mellanox Technologies MT27700 Family[ConnectX-4]07:00.0 Ethernet controller: Mellanox Technologies MT27710 Family[ConnectX-4 Lx]07:00.1 Ethernet controller: Mellanox Technologies MT27710 Family[ConnectX-4 Lx]0a:00.0 Network controller: Mellanox Technologies MT27520 Family[ConnectX-3 Pro]21:00.0 InfiniBand controller: Mellanox Technologies MT27600 [Connect-IB] 24:00.0 Ethernet controller: Mellanox Technologies MT28800 Family[ConnectX-5 Ex]24:00.1 InfiniBand controller: Mellanox Technologies MT28800 Family[ConnectX-5 Ex]2.# mstflint -d 81:00.0 qImage type: FS4FW Version: 16.26.4012FW Release Date: 10.12.2019Product Version: 16.26.4012Rom Info: type=UEFI version=14.19.17 cpu=AMD64type=PXE version=3.5.805 cpu=AMD64Description: UID GuidsNumberBase GUID: ec0d9a0300d42de4 8Base MAC: ec0d9ad42de4 8Image VSD: N/ADevice VSD: N/APSID: MT_0000000009Security Attributes: N/A3.Download the firmware BIN file from the Mellanox website that matches your card's PSID: → Support →Support → Firmware Download4.Burn the firmware.# mstflint -d <lspci-device-id> -i <image-file> b5.Reboot your machine after the firmware burning is completed.6.Validate new firmware burned successfully:# ethtool -i ens3driver: mlx5_coreversion: 5.0-0firmware-version: 16.26.4012 (MT_0000000009)expansion-rom-version:bus-info: 0000:24:00.0supports-statistics: yessupports-test: yessupports-eeprom-access: nosupports-register-dump: nosupports-priv-flags: yes2Port Type Management2.1Port Type Management/VPI CardsConfigurationConnectX®-3/ConnectX®-3 Pro/ConnectX®-4 ports can be individually configured to work as InfiniBand or Ethernet ports. By default, both ConnectX®-5 VPI ports are initialized as InfiniBand ports. If you wish to change the port type use the mstconfig after the driver is loaded.1.Install mstflint tools.apt install mstflint2.Check the PCI address.lspci | grep MellanoxExample:24:00.0 Ethernet controller: Mellanox Technologies MT28800 Family[ConnectX-5 Ex]e mstconfig to change the link type as desired IB -- for InfiniBand, ETH -- forEthernet.mstconfig –d <device pci> s LINK_TYPE_P1/2=<ETH|IB|VPI>Example:# mstconfig -d 00:06.0 s LINK_TYPE_P1=ETHDevice #1:----------Device type: ConnectX5Name: MCX556A-EDA_AxDescription: ConnectX-5 Ex VPI adapter card; EDR IB (100Gb/s)and 100GbE; dual-port QSFP28; PCIe4.0 x16; tall bracket; ROHS R6Device: 24:00.0Configurations: Next Boot New LINK_TYPE_P1 IB(1) ETH(2)Apply new Configuration? (y/n) [n] : yApplying... Done!-I- Please reboot machine to load new configurations.4.Reboot your machine.5.# mstconfig -d 00:06.0 qDevice #1:----------Device type: ConnectX5Name: MCX556A-EDA_AxDescription: ConnectX-5 Ex VPI adapter card; EDR IB (100Gb/s) and 100GbE; dual-port QSFP28; PCIe4.0 x16; tall bracket; ROHS R6 Device: 24:00.0Configurations: Next BootMEMIC_BAR_SIZE 0 MEMIC_SIZE_LIMIT _256KB(1) HOST_CHAINING_MODE DISABLED(0) HOST_CHAINING_DESCRIPTORS Array[0..7] HOST_CHAINING_TOTAL_BUFFER_SIZE Array[0..7] FLEX_PARSER_PROFILE_ENABLE 0 FLEX_IPV4_OVER_VXLAN_PORT 0 ROCE_NEXT_PROTOCOL 254 ESWITCH_HAIRPIN_DESCRIPTORS Array[0..7] ESWITCH_HAIRPIN_TOT_BUFFER_SIZE Array[0..7] NON_PREFETCHABLE_PF_BAR False(0) NUM_OF_VFS 4 SRIOV_EN True(1) PF_LOG_BAR_SIZE 5 VF_LOG_BAR_SIZE 1 NUM_PF_MSIX 63 NUM_VF_MSIX 11 INT_LOG_MAX_PAYLOAD_SIZE AUTOMATIC(0) SW_RECOVERY_ON_ERRORS False(0) RESET_WITH_HOST_ON_ERRORS False(0) ADVANCED_POWER_SETTINGS False(0) CQE_COMPRESSION BALANCED(0)IP_OVER_VXLAN_EN False(0) PCI_ATOMIC_MODEPCI_ATOMIC_DISABLED_EXT_ATOMIC_ENABLED(0)LRO_LOG_TIMEOUT0 6 LRO_LOG_TIMEOUT1 7 LRO_LOG_TIMEOUT2 8 LRO_LOG_TIMEOUT3 13 LOG_DCR_HASH_TABLE_SIZE 11 DCR_LIFO_SIZE 16384 LINK_TYPE_P1 ETH(2) LINK_TYPE_P2 IB(1) ROCE_CC_PRIO_MASK_P1 255 ROCE_CC_ALGORITHM_P1 ECN(0) ROCE_CC_PRIO_MASK_P2 255 ROCE_CC_ALGORITHM_P2 ECN(0) CLAMP_TGT_RATE_AFTER_TIME_INC_P1 True(1) CLAMP_TGT_RATE_P1 False(0) RPG_TIME_RESET_P1 300 RPG_BYTE_RESET_P1 32767 RPG_THRESHOLD_P1 1 RPG_MAX_RATE_P1 0 RPG_AI_RATE_P1 5 RPG_HAI_RATE_P1 50 RPG_GD_P1 11 RPG_MIN_DEC_FAC_P1 50 RPG_MIN_RATE_P1 1 RATE_TO_SET_ON_FIRST_CNP_P1 0 DCE_TCP_G_P1 1019 DCE_TCP_RTT_P1 1 RATE_REDUCE_MONITOR_PERIOD_P1 4 INITIAL_ALPHA_VALUE_P1 1023 MIN_TIME_BETWEEN_CNPS_P1 2 CNP_802P_PRIO_P1 6 CNP_DSCP_P1 48 CLAMP_TGT_RATE_AFTER_TIME_INC_P2 True(1) CLAMP_TGT_RATE_P2 False(0) RPG_TIME_RESET_P2 300 RPG_BYTE_RESET_P2 32767 RPG_THRESHOLD_P2 1 RPG_MAX_RATE_P2 0 RPG_AI_RATE_P2 5 RPG_HAI_RATE_P2 50 RPG_GD_P2 11 RPG_MIN_DEC_FAC_P2 50 RPG_MIN_RATE_P2 1 RATE_TO_SET_ON_FIRST_CNP_P2 0DCE_TCP_G_P2 1019 DCE_TCP_RTT_P2 1 RATE_REDUCE_MONITOR_PERIOD_P2 4 INITIAL_ALPHA_VALUE_P2 1023 MIN_TIME_BETWEEN_CNPS_P2 2 CNP_802P_PRIO_P2 6 CNP_DSCP_P2 48 LLDP_NB_DCBX_P1 False(0) LLDP_NB_RX_MODE_P1 OFF(0) LLDP_NB_TX_MODE_P1 OFF(0) LLDP_NB_DCBX_P2 False(0) LLDP_NB_RX_MODE_P2 OFF(0) LLDP_NB_TX_MODE_P2 OFF(0) DCBX_IEEE_P1 True(1) DCBX_CEE_P1 True(1) DCBX_WILLING_P1 True(1) DCBX_IEEE_P2 True(1) DCBX_CEE_P2 True(1) DCBX_WILLING_P2 True(1) KEEP_ETH_LINK_UP_P1 True(1) KEEP_IB_LINK_UP_P1 False(0) KEEP_LINK_UP_ON_BOOT_P1 False(0) KEEP_LINK_UP_ON_STANDBY_P1 False(0) KEEP_ETH_LINK_UP_P2 True(1) KEEP_IB_LINK_UP_P2 False(0) KEEP_LINK_UP_ON_BOOT_P2 False(0) KEEP_LINK_UP_ON_STANDBY_P2 False(0) NUM_OF_VL_P1 _4_VLs(3) NUM_OF_TC_P1 _8_TCs(0) NUM_OF_PFC_P1 8 NUM_OF_VL_P2 _4_VLs(3) NUM_OF_TC_P2 _8_TCs(0) NUM_OF_PFC_P2 8 DUP_MAC_ACTION_P1 LAST_CFG(0) SRIOV_IB_ROUTING_MODE_P1 LID(1) IB_ROUTING_MODE_P1 LID(1) DUP_MAC_ACTION_P2 LAST_CFG(0) SRIOV_IB_ROUTING_MODE_P2 LID(1) IB_ROUTING_MODE_P2 LID(1) PCI_WR_ORDERING per_mkey(0) MULTI_PORT_VHCA_EN False(0) PORT_OWNER True(1) ALLOW_RD_COUNTERS True(1) RENEG_ON_CHANGE True(1) TRACER_ENABLE True(1) IP_VER IPv4(0)BOOT_UNDI_NETWORK_WAIT 0UEFI_HII_EN False(0)BOOT_DBG_LOG False(0)UEFI_LOGS DISABLED(0)BOOT_VLAN 1LEGACY_BOOT_PROTOCOL PXE(1)BOOT_RETRY_CNT1 NONE(0)BOOT_LACP_DIS True(1)BOOT_VLAN_EN False(0)BOOT_PKEY 0EXP_ROM_UEFI_x86_ENABLE False(0)EXP_ROM_PXE_ENABLE True(1)IBM_TUNNELED_ATOMIC_EN False(0)IBM_AS_NOTIFY_EN False(0)ADVANCED_PCI_SETTINGS False(0)SAFE_MODE_THRESHOLD 10SAFE_MODE_ENABLE True(1)*************************************************************************3Modules Loading and UnloadingMellanox modules for ConnectX®-2/ConnectX®-3/ConnectX®-3 Pro are:④mlx4_en, mlx4_core, mlx4_ibMellanox modules for ConnectX®-4/ConnectX®-4 Lx/ConnectX®-5 are:④mlx5_core, mlx5_ibIn order to unload the driver, you need to first unload mlx*_en/ mlx*_ib and then themlx*_core module.④To load and unload the modules, use the commands below:•Loading the driver: modprobe <module name>modprobe mlx5_ib•Unloading the driver: modprobe –r <module name>modprobe –r mlx5_ib4Important Packages and TheirInstallationrdma-corerdma-core RDMA core userspace libraries and daemonslibibmad5: Low layer InfiniBand diagnostic and management programslibibmad5 OpenFabrics Alliance InfiniBand MAD libraryopensm: InfiniBand Subnet Manageropensm OpenIB InfiniBand Subnet Manager and management utilitiesIbutils: OpenIB Mellanox InfiniBand Diagnostic Toolsibutils OpenIB Mellanox InfiniBand Diagnostic Toolsinfiniband-diags: OpenFabrics Alliance InfiniBand Diagnostic Toolsinfiniband-diags OpenFabrics Alliance InfiniBand Diagnostic Toolsperftest: IB Performance testsperftest IB Performance Testsmstflint: Mellanox Firmware Burning and Diagnostics Toolsmstflint Mellanox firmware burning toolTo install the packages above, run:# apt-get install <packages names>5SR-IOV Configuration5.1Setting up SR-IOV1.Download mstflint tools.# apt install mstflint2.lspci | grep MellanoxExample:24:00.0 Ethernet controller: Mellanox Technologies MT28800 Family[ConnectX-5 Ex]3.Check if SR-IOV is enabled in the firmware.mstconfig -d <device pci> qExample:# mstconfig -d 00:06.0 qDevice #1:----------Device type: ConnectX3ProPCI device: 00:06.0Configurations: CurrentSRIOV_EN True(1)NUM_OF_VFS 8LINK_TYPE_P1 ETH(2)LINK_TYPE_P2 IB(1)LOG_BAR_SIZE 3BOOT_PKEY_P1 0BOOT_PKEY_P2 0BOOT_OPTION_ROM_EN_P1 True(1)BOOT_VLAN_EN_P1 False(0)BOOT_RETRY_CNT_P1 0LEGACY_BOOT_PROTOCOL_P1 PXE(1)BOOT_VLAN_P1 1BOOT_OPTION_ROM_EN_P2 True(1)BOOT_VLAN_EN_P2 False(0)BOOT_RETRY_CNT_P2 0LEGACY_BOOT_PROTOCOL_P2 PXE(1)BOOT_VLAN_P2 1IP_VER_P1 IPv4(0)IP_VER_P2 IPv4(04.Enable SR-IOV:mstconfig –d <device pci> s SRIOV_EN=<False|True>5.Configure the needed number of VFs.mstconfig –d <device pci> s NUM_OF_VFS=<NUM>Note: This file will be generated only if IOMMU is set in the grub.conf file (by adding intel_iommu=on to /boot/grub/grub.conf file).6.[mlx4 devices only] Edit the file /etc/modprobe.d/mlx4.conf:options mlx4_core num_vfs=[needed num of VFs] port_type_array=[1/2 for IB/ETH],[ 1/2 for IB/ETH]Example:options mlx4_core num_vfs=8 port_type_array=1,17.[mlx5 devices only] Write to the sysfs file the number of needed VFs.echo [num_vfs] > /sys/class/infiniband/mlx5_0/device/sriov_numvfs 8.Reboot the driver.9.Load the driver and verify that the VFs were created.lspci | grep mellanoxExample:24:00.0 Ethernet controller: Mellanox Technologies MT28800 Family[ConnectX-5 Ex]24:00.1 Infiniband controller: Mellanox Technologies MT28800Family [ConnectX-5 Ex]24:00.2 Ethernet controller: Mellanox Technologies MT28800 Family[ConnectX-5 Ex Virtual Function]24:00.3 Ethernet controller: Mellanox Technologies MT28800 Family[ConnectX-5 Ex Virtual Function]24:00.4 Ethernet controller: Mellanox Technologies MT28800 Family[ConnectX-5 Ex Virtual Function]24:00.5 Ethernet controller: Mellanox Technologies MT28800 Family[ConnectX-5 Ex Virtual Function]For further information, refer to section Setting Up SR-IOV MLNX_OFED User Manual. Default RoCE Mode Setting for RDMA_CM Application1.Mount the configfs file.# mount -t configfs none /sys/kernel/config2.Create a directory for the mlx4/mlx5 device.mkdir -p /sys/kernel/config/rdma_cm/mlx4_0/3.Validate what is the used RoCE mode in the default_roce_mode configfs file.# cat /sys/kernel/config/rdma_cm/mlx4_0/ports/1/default_roce_modeIB/RoCE v14.Change the default RoCE mode,•For RoCE v1: IB/RoCE v1•For RoCE v2: RoCE v2# echo "RoCE v2" >/sys/kernel/config/rdma_cm/mlx4_0/ports/1/default_roce_mode# cat /sys/kernel/config/rdma_cm/mlx4_0/ports/1/default_roce_modeRoCE v2# echo "IB/RoCE v1" >/sys/kernel/config/rdma_cm/mlx4_0/ports/1/default_roce_mode# cat /sys/kernel/config/rdma_cm/mlx4_0/ports/1/default_roce_modeIB/RoCE v1NoticeThis document is provid ed for information purposes only and shall not be regarded as a warranty of a certain functionality, c ondition, or quality of a product. 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化学专业英语翻译
01 THE ELEMENTS AND THE PERIODIC TABLE01 元素和元素周期表The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is referred to as the atomic number, or proton number, Z. The number of electrons in an electrically neutral atom is also equal to the atomic number, Z. The total mass of an atom is determined very nearly by the total number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus. This total is called the mass number, A. The number of neutrons in an atom, the neutron number, is given by the quantity A-Z.在一个原子核中的质子数量被称为原子序数，或质子数，Z。
在一个电中性原子中的电子数量也等于原子序数，Z。
一个原子的总质量被测定是非常接近于原子核中质子和中子的总数。
这个总数被称为质量数，A。
在一个原子中的中子数量等于A – Z的数量。
The term element refers to, a pure substance with atoms all of a single kind. To the chemist the "kind" of atom is specified by its atomic number, since this is the property that determines its chemical behavior. At present all the atoms from Z = 1 to Z = 107 are known; there are 107 chemical elements. Each chemical element has been given a name and a distinctive symbol. For most elements the symbol is simply the abbreviated form of the English name consisting of one or two letters, for example:这个术语(指chemical element)也可以指由相同质子数的原子组成的纯化学物质。
北京101中学分班考试英语题
101 中学新初一分班考试英语真题一．单项填空1. Mr. Wang is _________ excellent teacher. Everybody loves him.A.aB.anC.theD./2. My cousin gave _______ a cute teddy bear for my birthday.A. IB. myC. meD. mine3.---It’s a nice day,_______?---Yes,it is.A.isn’t itB.is itC.has itD.hasn ’t it4.People like hamsters _________they are nice and interesting.A. soB. andC. butD. because5. --- _____ should I get my mom for Mother’s Day? ---Why don’t you get her a scarf.?A. WhoB. WhatC. WhenD. How6. –Alison, how long have you been skating? - I have been skating ________ nine o’clock.A.forB.atC.sinceD.from7. Tom did __________ in math this year than last year.A.goodB.wellC.bestD.better8. --- I didn’t go to the Disneyland in Hong Kong last year. --- Me,______A.neitherB.eitherC.alsoD.too9.This dictionary was very cheap and it only ____me twelve dollars.A. spentB. usedC.paidD. cost10. –Would you mind _______ your bike? –No, not at all.A. movingB. to moveC. moveD. moved11. He ________ down the street when the accident happened.A.walksB.walkedC.was walkingD. is walking12. Sorry, I don’t have enough time ________ with you today.A.playB.to playC.playingD.played13. –Where is John? –He ___to the library. He’ll come back soon. A. has gone B. has been C. went D. was going14. -- _____ you please wash the dishes? –Ok, I’ll do them in a minute.A. MayB. MustC. CouldD. Should15. Excuse me, Sir, Can you tell me __________?A. how we got to the zooB. how can we get to the zooC. how did we get to the zooD. how we can get to the zoo二．完型填空When I was in my first year of middle school, my father died. And my mother was ill just after I entered high school. I had to ___1____ going to school because my mother had to money to pay my school bills. We began to work in people’s gardens to save up money for me to back to school. ____2_____, I returned to school. Unluckily, my mother died the next year. And my ___3___went dark. I asked my headmaster if I could work for the ___4___ this summer vacation, so I could pay my bills. He was a nice man and let me work in the school garden during the ____5_____.I had not been able to study well because of my mother’s death. At the end of my second year, I ____6______ most of my exams and the teacher told me I had to repeat the year. After another summer working in the school garden, I went ____7___ to lessons again,. But suddenly I fell ill. Because of my disease I was weak and couldn’t work at school. I was hopeless. My headmaster told me not to give up. And my teachers and classmates ____8_____ me a lot. Now, I’m feeling better and will finish my third year.My life is still not ____9___.A few students laugh at my poor clothes. They also call me “farmer” because I work in the school garden. But I ____10____ hard days will always be followed by sunshine.1.A.stop B.start C.keep D.finish2. A.Especially B.Probably C.Finally ually3.A.mind B.world C.heart D.family4. A. school B. zoo C. park D. museum5.A.afternoon B.year C.weekends D.holidays6.A.passed B.took C.failed D.had7. A. along B. back C. down D. up8.A.helped B.gave C.worried D.taught9. A.terrible B.hard C.easy D.difficult10.A.discover B.imagine C.notice D.believe三．阅读理解(A)Happy Days Club Parker;s Sweet Shop For Young People 14 Barrett Road From 12 – 18 years 5 minutes from town centre Every Friday 7:30 pm –10:30pm Try our famous chocolate 29 Milton Street Eggs and sugar hears Just $1 a week Prices lower than in other shops Games-music-dancing and lots more Open Monday-Saturday 9am-5am International Library Painting Competition Books, CDs and videos For young people 8-16 years old Over 100 Foreign newspapers Paint a picture of an animal And magazines Send it to: Entrance Free Young Artist Magazine Monday- Saturday 9:30am-6:00pm 12 High Street New England House, Museum Street Before 14 September And win a bicycle!1. What does Parker’s Sweet Shop sell?A.BooksB.ChocolateC.PicturesD.CDs2. What time does Happy Days Club open?A. 9:00 amB. 9:30 amC. 7:30 pmD. 10:30 pm3. What should you paint if you want to take part in the painting competition?A.An eggB.A girlC.A bicycleD.An animal(B)In Canada you can find dogs, horses, etc., in almost every family. These are their pets. People love these pets and regard them as their goodfriends. Before they keep them at their houses, they take them to animal hospital to give them injection (注射) so that they won’t catch disease(疾病). They have special animal food stores, though they can get animal food in almost every store. Some people spend around two hundred Canadian dollars a month on animal food. When you visit people’s homes, they would be very glad to show you their pets and they are very proud of them.You will also find almost every family has a bird feeder in their garden. All kinds of birds are welcomed to come and have a good meal. They are free to come and go and nobody is allowed to kill any animals in Canada.They have a law against killing wild animals.If you killed an animal, you would be punished (惩罚). Senior (old) people in Canada have many reasons to like animals. One of them might be their family lie is not as close as ours. When children grow up, they leave their parents and start their own career (事业),then the seniors will feel lonely. And pets can solve this problem. They can be good friends and never leave them alone.1. The passage mainly tells us people in Canada ________________.A. like to keep pets at homeB. spend a lot of money on petsC.think killing pets is against the lawD.enjoy showing pets to their friends2. People give pets injection to make them not __________________.A.run awayB.hurt peopleC.get illD.eat much3. The underlined word “feeder” refers to ___________________.A. something to keep the birdsB. a person who feeds the birdsC. something to put food in for birdsD. a person who sells bird food4. Old people like to keep pets because ____________.A.pets cost less moneyB.pets are quiet and cleanC. pets are easy to take care ofD. pets can make good companies(C)Depalma was driving a large American car. As soon as the race started, he pulled out in front.As the race went on,he kept the first place. And he was far ahead of Dawson, the man in the second place. 15 Whenthe race was almost over, some people got up and left. “Why did stay?”they thought. They were sure they knew who would win. But things did not go as they thought. A strange noise came from Depalma ’s car. It slowed down. Something was wrong. Depalma knew his car would not go far. His only hope was that he would make it to the finish. But on his last lap, car stopped. Dawson’s car roared (呼啸) by. Depalma saw it go by. He knew he could not win now. “But I can finish the race, ” he thought. And he got out of his car. So did his assistant. They began to push the car to the finish. Dawson went by them again and again. He was on his last lap. He was going to win. Depalma and his friend did not care. They went on pushing. At first, all eyes were on Dawson. He crossed the line. And the race was over. He’d won! Depalma and his friend pushed on. At last,the car crossed the line.B then all the people were shouting for them. They shouted more than they did for Dawson. This was a different kind of winner!1. When Depalma’s car stopped, _______________.A.he repaired his car right awayB.he decided to give up his carC. he and his assistant pushed the carD.he still believed he would win the race2.Which of the following is Not true according to the passage?A. Depalma didn’t want Dawson to win the raceB. Both of Depalma and Dawson are winnersC.Depalma didn’t drive his car to the finishD.Depalma drove faster than others at first.3. What can we learn from the passage?A. American cars always break down in the race.B.Good cars always help people win the race.C. People should always shout for the loser.D. People should always keep trying.四. 任务阅读If you go to a fast food restaurant or a snack bar,you will probably see a lot of teenagers. Today, many teenagers are overweight, and some of this is because of their had eating habits.Most teenagers love food with a lot of fat,oil,salt and sugar.People often call this type of food “junk food”. But bad eating habits go beyond fast food. Many teenagers find it difficult to eat healthily.Some don’t have breakfast before they go to school. During the day, some don’t have a proper meal for lunch.In a recent survey at one school,scientists found that over two-thirds of the students didn’t follow a healthy diet.Nearly half of the students didn’t like vegetables, and many of them didn’t like to eat fruits.They preferred to eat food with a lot of salt,sugar, or fat.Parents today also worry about their children ’s diet.Some doctors give the following advice. Teenagers shouldn’t eat too much junk food. Teenagers shouldn ’t eat food with too much salt. Salt can cause high blood pressure in the future. Teenagers should eat food with less fat, oil and sugar. Teenagers need to eat some fruits and vegetables every day.Fruits and vegetables are rich in vitamins and have little fat.Teenagers need to drink more k will help their bones grow. Teenagers need to eat breakfast every day. This is good for their body and mind. Bad eating habits Eating food with a lot of fat, oil, salt, and sugar. Not having 56. _____ before going to school. Eating few 57. _________ Doctors’ advice Eating food with less fat, oil and sugar. Eating vegetables and fruits every day because they are rich In vitamins and have 58. _________ Drinking more milk will help build hones. Eating breakfast every day, which is good for the 59. _____________ The writer wants to help teenagers to 60. ___________________英语答案：一。
ib中文paper 2范文
ib中文paper 2范文英文回答：In this paper, I will be discussing the impact ofsocial media on teenagers. Social media has become an integral part of our daily lives, especially for teenagers. It offers numerous benefits such as instant communication, access to information, and a platform for self-expression. However, it also comes with several negative consequences.Firstly, social media has greatly influenced the way teenagers communicate with each other. Platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and Snapchat have made it easier to connect with friends and family, regardless of distance. This has led to a sense of global community and has expanded social circles. On the other hand, excessive use of social media has resulted in a decline in face-to-face interactions. Many teenagers now prefer texting or messaging over talking in person, which can hinder their development of effective communication skills.Moreover, social media can have a negative impact on teenagers' mental health. The constant exposure tocarefully curated images and posts on social media can lead to feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem. Teenagers often compare themselves to others and strive for an unattainable standard of beauty and success. This canresult in anxiety, depression, and even eating disorders. Additionally, cyberbullying has become a prevalent issue on social media platforms. Teenagers may face harassment, humiliation, and exclusion online, which can have severe psychological effects.Furthermore, the excessive use of social media can negatively affect teenagers' academic performance. With the constant distractions and notifications, it becomesdifficult for them to concentrate on their studies. Many teenagers find themselves spending hours scrolling through their social media feeds instead of completing assignments or studying for exams. This can lead to lower grades and a lack of motivation.中文回答：在本文中，我将讨论社交媒体对青少年的影响。
Unit 3 The world Online 期末复习课件高中英语牛津译林版(2020)必修第三册
3 期末单元复习
1. 单句语法填空
1) If you want to get __a_c_c_e_s_s_ to the mountain, you should know that the
mountain is i_n_a_c_c_e_s_s_ib__le on foot but it can be _a_c_c_e_s_s_i_b_l_e by
stretched out in front of me, and I felt disconnected from everyone and
everything.
It was scary at first. Then somehow I began to feel free. Most 7._i_m_p__o_r_t_a_ntly (important), I began to appreciate the 8._b__e_a_u_t_y_ (beautiful) in life with my
the e_s_t_a_b_l_i_s_h_m__e_n_t_ of ties through the Internet should be
careful.( establish)
4) We should take an _i_n_s_t_a_n_t_ action to solve this problem. That is to say,
modern world, but I can cut back 10.__o_n___ the amount of time I spend on
my smartphone every day, and I do. Life beyond smartphones is richer and
斯波兰IB系列接口板说明书
Page 2 / Bulletin 100-50-2The IB Series interface boards have been developed as economi-cal compliments to the TCB temperature control boards. The IB Series is available in five basic models, IB1, IB2, IB3, IB6, and IB ESX and each can accept 4-20 milliamp or 0-10 volt DC analog input signals. All are designed to allow externally sup-plied control signals to control one or two Sporlan step motor valves including CDS evaporator control valves, SDR electric discharge bypass valves, and SEI/SER/SEH/ESX electric expan-sion valves.Figure 1IB 1,2,3,6The IB ESX is specifically programmed to control the ESX fam-ily of valves. The IB1 is programmed to control any Sporlan stepmotor valve having 1596 steps of resolution, the IB2 is used withvalves having 2500 steps, the IB3 is used with valves having3193 steps and the IB6 is used on valves with 6386 steps. “Q” denotes quick response for special applications. Please contact Sporlan Division. Refer to Ordering Information, page 3.CONFIGURE THE BOARDWhen used with a 0-10 volt input signal, a jumper should be placed on the pins labeled CN3 as shown in Figure 1. This is the default jumper position. The impedance for this input is 40k ohms.When used with a 4-20 milliamp input, the board must be matched to the impedance of the external controller. Refer to the manufacturer’s literature and choose the jumper position on CN4 as shown in Figure 1. Possible impedance selections on CN4 are 1,000 ohms (1k), 600 ohms, and 300 ohms.Choose “Open on Rise” or “Close on Rise” operation using the middle two pins on jumper CN2. The jumper is stored on one pin only and will cause the valve to open as input signal rises, i.e. valve is closed at 0 volts or 4 milliamps and fully open at 10 volts or 20 milliamp input. By placing the jumper on both pins, the operation is reversed so that the valve will be fully open at 0 volts or 4 milliamps. Other pins on CN2 have been clipped at the factory and are not used for operation of the valve.MOUNT THE BOARDThe IB Series is based on a 3.0” x 3.0” circuit card with 0.125” mounting holes, 0.25” from each corner. If desired, these mount-ing holes may be used with customer supplied non-metallic standoffs. The IB Series does, however, come supplied with a length of snap-in plastic track. The track should be mounted in the desired location and one side of the IB engaged in the upper groove in the track. The IB is then pushed down so that the opposite side of the board snaps into the uppermost groove in the opposite side of the track. The board must be mounted in the orientation shown in Figure 1. Location should be dry, protected and close to the 24 volt power supply and external controller.WIRING INSTRUCTIONS & CAUTIONSUse the chart as a guide for wire connections. Certain precau-tions must be taken in wiring and operation of the IB Series .1. The 24 volts must be supplied by a 30 V A or 40 V A transform-er (depending on the valve type and number of valves per IB) not used for any other purpose. In addition, the secondary winding of the transformer must not be connected to chassis ground. A single transformer may be used for multiple IB boards. If this feature is used, one leg of the 24 volt supply must be connected to all of the IB boards at the 24+ termi-nal. The other leg of the 24 volt supply must be connected to all of the IBs at the 24- terminal. Please refer to Figure2. Incorrect wiring will cause the fuse to fail, a spare fuse is included and may be replaced with any 1 amp 250 volts delay fuse type GMC1 or equivalent. Wiring should be cor-rected before replacing the 2CN4CN3+4-20-4-20Black White Green Red IN GND 24V+24V-Snap TrackCN2CN4CN3IB ESX+4-20-4-20Orange Red Yellow Black IN Grey 24V+24V-Snap TrackBulletin 100-50-2 / Page 3Figure 2Single Step Motor Valve per IB (Excluding ESX Valve)Two Step Motor Valves per IB or Single ESX Valve2. The primary input of the transformer should be protected by Metal Oxide Varister (MOV) surge suppressors, supplied with the IB. For protection from electrical transients, con-nect one MOV between one leg of the input voltage (high side) of the 24 VAC transformer and earth ground. Connect a second MOV between the other leg of the input voltage of the 24 VAC transformer and earth ground. See Figure 2.3. The pumpdown terminals must be supplied with a “dry” contact from a switch or relay. No external power should be applied to these terminals.WIRING CONNECTIONSORDERING INFORMA TIONFrom left to right when the board is oriented with the terminal strip across the bottom.+4-20 - connection for the positive leg of a 4-20 milliamp or 0-10 volt signal-4-20 - connection for negative leg of a 4-20 milliamp or 0-10 volt signal B - black wire from valve, or both valves whentwo valves are usedW - white wire from valve, or both valves whentwo valves are usedG - green wire from valve, or both valves whentwo valves are usedR - red wire from valve, or both valves when twovalves are usedIN - from external pumpdown switch or relay. See wiring instructions.GND - to external pumpdown switch or relay. See wiring instructions.24V-1 - from 24 volt, 30 V A or 40 V A transformer.See wiring instructions.24V-2 - from 24 volt, 30 V A or 40 V A transformer.See wiring instructions.NOTE: Power supplied may be 24 volts AC or DC.Note: The terminals are labeled IN and GND. The GND termi-nal is shared with the grey ESX wire. Do not connect GND to system ground.OPERATION and TROUBLESHOOTINGWhen properly configured and installed the IB Series requires no maintenance. They incorporate a number of operational features to assure trouble free service. On power-up the board will ini-tialize by giving the valve a large number of steps to assure that the valve is fully shut. The routine will require approximately 8 seconds for the IB1, 11 seconds for the IB ESX, 16 seconds for the IB2 and IB3, and 32 seconds for the IB6. The valve will not respond to input signals during this time.If the valve is required to shut during operation, the pumpdown terminals should be used. When given a pumpdown signal, the board will shut the valve immediately and overdrive by 250 steps to reset most valves’ position and 50 steps for ESX valves. On removal of the pumpdown signal the valve will resume position as dictated by the external control signal.If power is lost to the IB or wire to the valve severed, the valve will remain in its last position. Solenoid valves may be desired before the step motor valve on critical applications.To force the valve shut during operation for test purposes, simplyremove the jumper from CN4 or CN3, depending on configura-tion. To resume normal operation, replace the jumper.To allow for component tolerances, the IB will shut the valve when the input signal reaches 4.05 milliamps or 0.05 volts depending on the configuration.The IB can power one or two valves (IB-ESX can only powerone ESX valve). The valves will operate simultaneously and willopen and close by the same number of steps. Valve wires mustbe connected exactly the same for both valves.Parker Hannifin Corporation Sporlan Division206 Lange Drive • Washington, MO 63090 USA phone 636 239 1111 • fax 636 239 072014 / Bulletin 100-50-2© 2014 Parker Hannifin Corporation⚠WARNING – USER RESPONSIBILITYFailure or improper selection or improper use of the products described herein or related items can cause death, personal injury and property damage.This document and other information from Parker Hannifin Corporation, its subsidiaries and authorized distributors provide product or system options for further investigation by users having technical expertise.The user, through its own analysis and testing, is solely responsible for making the final selection of the system and components and assuring that all performance, endurance, maintenance, safety and warning requirements of the application are met. The user must analyze all aspects of the application, follow applicable industry standards, and follow the information concerning the product in the current product catalog and in any other materials provided from Parker or its subsidiaries or authorized distributors.To the e xte nt that Parke r or its subsidiarie s or authorize d distributors provide compone nt or syste m options base d upon data or spe cifications provide d by the use r, the user is responsible for determining that such data and specifications are suitable and sufficient for all applications and reasonably foreseeable uses of the components or systems.For safety information see the Safety Guide at /safety or call 1-800-CParker.OFFER OF SALEThe items described in this document are hereby offered for sale by Parker Hannifin Corporation, its subsidiaries or its authorized distributors. This offer and its acceptance are governed by the provisions stated in the detailed “Offer of Sale” elsewhere in this document or available at .FOR USE ON REFRIGERATION and/or AIRCONDITIONING SYSTEMS ONLYBulletin 100-50-2 July 2014 supersedes Bulletin 100-50-2 October 2009 and all prior publications.。
布莱克先生一家英文作文
布莱克先生一家英文作文下载温馨提示:该文档是我店铺精心编制而成，希望大家下载以后，能够帮助大家解决实际的问题。
文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor. I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copyexcerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!Mr. Black is a hardworking man. He wakes up early every morning, ready to tackle the day ahead. He puts on his suit and tie, grabs a quick breakfast, and heads out the door. His job is demanding, but he always gives it his all. He takes pride in his work and strives for excellence.Mrs. Black is a loving wife and mother. She takes care of the household chores, ensuring everything is clean and organized. She cooks delicious meals for her family, always trying out new recipes. She is also a great listener and is always there to support her husband and children.Their children, John and Emily, are energetic and full of life. John is a talented athlete and excels in his school's basketball team. He spends hours practicing and honing his skills. Emily, on the other hand, is a creative soul. She loves to paint and draw, often losing herself in her artwork. Both children are driven and determined to succeed in their respective passions.The Black family enjoys spending quality time together. They often have movie nights, where they gather in theliving room and watch their favorite films. They also love going on family vacations, exploring new places andcreating lasting memories. Whether it's a trip to the beach or a hike in the mountains, they cherish these moments together.In their free time, Mr. and Mrs. Black like to unwind and relax. Mr. Black enjoys reading books, immersinghimself in different worlds and stories. Mrs. Black, on the other hand, finds solace in gardening. She loves tending to her plants and watching them bloom. These hobbies allowthem to escape from the stresses of everyday life and find peace.The Black family is a close-knit unit, always there for each other. They support one another through thick and thin, celebrating each other's successes and offering a shoulderto lean on during tough times. Their love and bond are unbreakable, and they are grateful for the happiness theybring to each other's lives.Life is not always easy for the Black family, but they face challenges head-on with determination and resilience. They understand the importance of hard work, love, and togetherness. They are a shining example of what it means to be a strong and united family.In conclusion, the Black family is a dynamic and loving unit. They work hard, pursue their passions, and cherish their time together. They are an inspiration to others and remind us of the importance of family and the joys that come with it.。
海伦的家庭英文作文
海伦的家庭英文作文Helen's family is a big one. There are six people in her family, including her parents, two brothers, and a sister. They all live in a cozy house in the suburbs.Helen's dad is a doctor, and her mom is a teacher. They both work hard to provide for the family. Helen's older brother is in college, studying engineering. Her younger brother is still in high school, and her sister is in elementary school.They have a pet dog named Max, who is a big, fluffy golden retriever. Max is the family's beloved furry friend, and he brings a lot of joy and laughter to the household.Helen's family loves to spend time together. They often have family dinners, where they talk about their day and share stories. They also enjoy going on hikes and picnics on the weekends, making the most of their time together.The family is very close-knit and supportive of each other. They always have each other's backs and are there for one another through thick and thin. Helen feels grateful to have such a loving and caring family.。
Unit2 We’re family!(含答案)七年级英语上学期单元检测卷(人教版2024)
七年级英语上学期单元检测卷（人教版2024）Unit2 We’re family!(时间：70分钟满分：90分)一、语法选择(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)I am Li Fei. Bill is 1English name. I am from Beijing.I am 2middle school student.I am twelve years old. I'm in Class Four. Li Lei is my friend. He's in Class Four too. He is a 3 student.He always does his homework carefully.Here is a photo 4Li Lei's family. 5is a big family. In this photo，we can see his grandparents. And these are his parents. They are behind Li Lei's grandparents. Li Lei's father is a policeman 6his mother is a Chinese teacher.They like 7to music very much. Li Lei has two sisters.His 8room is tidy. They love their clean room. I would like to become their friend. 9is the boy in a blue T-shirt？Of course he's Li Lei. He 10with me sometimes after school.What a happy family！1. A. I B. me C. my2. A. a B. an C. the3. A. well B. good C. better4. A. at B. on C. of5. A. This B. These C. Those6. A. so B. and C. or7. A. listen B. to listening C. listening8. A. sister B. sisters C. sisters'9. A. Who B. When C. What10. A. plays B. is playing C. will play二、完形填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)Hi，boys and girls. I'm Darby Camp，a primary school student. And my 11name is Camp. In the first photo，you can 12me and my dogs Stan and Marty.Stan is a 13dog. Is Marty a white dog too？No，it is black and white.They're very lovely and I like them very much.Also，I have a lovely 14. You can see us in the next 15. I'm in a family of 16. In the middle of the photo are my 17Ruthie Camp and I. The man next to me is my father Clark Camp. I sit on his 18. His 19is playing basketball and he plays it very well.Who is thewoman next to my sister？She is my mother Lacy Camp.My family and I 20in the photo，because it's my family day and we have a full day.11. A. first B. next C. middle D. last12. A. look B. see C. meet D. greet13. A. black B. brown C. white D. red14. A. family B. school C. grandma D. friend21. When does Wang Gang write the email？A. At 6：15 a.m.on Saturday.B. At 6：45 a.m.on Saturday.C. At 6：15 p.m.on Saturday.D. At 6：45 p.m.on Saturday.22. Who does Wang Gang's father talk with？A. Wang Gang's mother.B. Wang Gang's uncle.C. Wang Gang's brother.D. Wang Gang.23. What does Wang Gang want to learn？A. To play basketball.B. To play badminton.C. To draw animal pictures.D. To shop on the Internet.24. What does Wang Qiang like to watch？A. Cartoons.B. Sports.C. News.D. Animal shows.25. What kind of animals does Wang Gang like best？A.Giraffes.B. Elephants.C. Birds.D. Tigers.BZhao Youzhu is 20 years old. She is a student at Xiamen University. She comes from Liaoyang，Liaoning. She can speak and read，but she can't hear.Zhao has short hair and wears glasses. She likes reading very much. She has many books at home. “I often go to the library，” Zhao says. “That is my favourite place.” Sometimes，she also reads in parks.Zhao's parents are doctors. They often help their daughter. They are her teachers and friends too. They love their daughter and Zhao loves them too.Zhao has a sister. She is not in Xiamen，but she often talks with Zhao on the Internet. She often tells Zhao some funny stories and they are very glad.“I have a nice family，good teachers and many good friends，” Zhao says. “They make me strong and happy.”26. What is Zhao's problem (问题)？A. She can't see.B. She can't read.C. She can't hear.D. She can't speak.27. What's Paragraph 3 about？A. Zhao's school.B.Zhao's parents.C. Zhao's sister.D. Zhao's favourite place.28. Who does Zhao often talk with on the Internet？A. Her sister.B. Her mother.C. Her friends.D. Her teachers.29. What does the underlined word “glad” in Paragraph 4 mean？A.Happy.B. Sad.C. Angry.D. Bad.30. Which of the following is TRUE(符合事实的)？A. Zhao is from Xiamen.B. Zhao has long hair.C. Zhao's father is a doctor.D. Zhao's sister is a teacher.C用一次，有两词为多余项。
介绍玛丽一家全家福英语作文
介绍玛丽一家全家福英语作文Mary's Family PortraitMary's family is a warm and loving one. She lives with her parents, John and Jane, as well as her younger brother, Thomas, and her pet dog, Buddy. The family portrait that hangs in their living room captures the joy and closeness they share.In the center of the portrait stands Mary, a bright-eyed and cheerful young woman. She has a radiant smile on her face, her brown hair falling gently around her shoulders. Mary is the eldest child in the family, and she takes great pride in her role. She is a diligent student, always striving for excellence in her studies, and she also volunteers at the local animal shelter, caring for the rescue dogs and cats.Mary's kind nature and compassionate spirit are evident in the way she interacts with her family and the people around her.To Mary's right stands her father, John. A tall, broad-shouldered man, John has a warm and inviting presence. His blue eyes crinkle at the corners as he smiles, and there is a sense of quiet strength andstability about him. John works as an engineer at a local manufacturing plant, and he is known for his problem-solving skills and his dedication to his work. In his free time, he enjoys tinkering with old cars, restoring them to their former glory. John is a devoted family man, and he takes great pride in his children's accomplishments.To Mary's left is her mother, Jane. With her gentle features and kind eyes, Jane exudes a sense of nurturing and comfort. She has a warm, infectious smile that lights up the room. Jane is a stay-at-home mom, and she takes great joy in caring for her family. She is an excellent cook, and her homemade meals are a source of comfort and nourishment for the entire family. Jane is also an avid gardener, and her beautiful flower beds are the envy of the neighborhood.Next to Jane stands Thomas, Mary's younger brother. At just 10 years old, Thomas is a bundle of energy and enthusiasm. His bright, mischievous eyes and wide grin capture his playful and adventurous spirit. Thomas is an active and curious child, always eager to explore the world around him. He loves playing sports, especially soccer, and he is the star of his school's soccer team. Thomas looks up to his big sister Mary, and he often follows her around, hoping to learn from her example.Finally, in the bottom right corner of the portrait, sits Buddy, thefamily's beloved golden retriever. With his gentle eyes and wagging tail, Buddy embodies the warmth and affection that permeates the family. He is a loyal and loving companion, always there to greet the family with enthusiastic licks and playful jumps. Buddy is a constant source of joy and comfort for the family, and he is an integral part of their lives.The family portrait captures the essence of Mary's family – their closeness, their love, and their shared joy. The warm colors and the inviting expressions of each family member create a sense of comfort and belonging. This portrait is a treasured keepsake, a visual representation of the strong bonds that tie the family together.As Mary looks at the portrait, she is filled with a deep sense of gratitude and appreciation for her family. She knows that they are her foundation, her source of strength and support. Through the ups and downs of life, Mary's family has been there for her, offering unwavering love and encouragement. The family portrait serves as a reminder of the unbreakable ties that bind them together, a testament to the power of family love.In the years to come, Mary knows that this portrait will continue to hold a special place in her heart. It will be a cherished memento, a window into the warm and loving home she grew up in. As she embarks on her own journey through life, Mary will carry the lessonsand values instilled in her by her family, using them as a guide to navigate the world and create her own meaningful connections.The family portrait is more than just a snapshot in time – it is a representation of the enduring love and support that Mary's family shares. It is a testament to the power of family, a reminder that no matter what life may bring, there is always a safe haven to return to, a place where one is truly understood and accepted. For Mary, this portrait is a priceless treasure, a symbol of the deep and abiding bond that she shares with her loved ones.。
Picasso's English Introduction
04
CHAPTER
Pablo Picasso's Collections an
03
Private collections
Many private collections around the world own Picasso's works, some of which are rare seen by the public
Numerous exhibitions have been held around the world since then, including traveling retrospectives and thematic exhibitions
The largest and most comprehensive retrospective of Picasso's work was held at the Centre Pompidou in Paris in 1980
Because a leading figure iБайду номын сангаас the cubic movement and one of the most important artists of the 20th century
Developed a unique and innovative style that combines elements of traditional painting and Cubism
Continued to paint and cut until his death on April 8, 1973
Left behind a vast body of work that includes paints, sculptures, prints, and drawings
中考1600词分类1 家庭成员称呼职业
n.家庭
考点： 表示整体时，谓语动词要用单数
Almost every family in the country owns a computer. 在这个国家，几乎每家每户都有电脑。
. family
1、家庭成员
['fæməli]
n.家庭
考点： 表示家庭成员时，位于动词要用复数
与……交朋友
Suzy is a cute girl, and we all make friends with her. （广西-梧州） Suzy是一个可爱的女孩，我们都喜欢和她交朋友。
2、人物称呼
friend
[frend]
n.朋友
拓展： friendship
['frendʃɪp]
n.友谊；友情
friend
A. nobody
B. somebody
C. anybody
D. everybody
5. _________ needs one or two close friends to share his happiness and sadness with. （江苏-盐城）
A. Someone B. No one C. None D. Everyone
拓展： friendly lovely lonely lively
2、人物称呼
[frend]
n.朋友
['frendli] [ˈlʌvli] [ˈləʊnli] [ˈlaɪvli]
adj. 友好的 adj. 可爱的 adj. 孤独的 adj. 充满活力的
member
2、人物称呼
['membə(r)]
anyone
【素养测评】Unit 6 Meet my family! 提升培优评价卷(含答案)
机关作风整顿个人心得 (2)
作为一名工作单位的工作人员，我拥有肯定的行政机关作风整顿的阅历，并在这个过程中有所感悟。
在进行机关作风整连忙，需要依据规章制度，重视人才，创新工作方法，加强监督和落实。
下面是我的个人心得。
首先，要依据法律法规和制度要求进行整顿，彻底清除不合规的行为。
机关作风整顿不是空口号，而是有具体内容需要落实的。
因此，在整顿的过程中，我们需要明确目标，制定清楚的方案，并依据方案有序地开展工作。
其次，要重视人才，鼓舞员工乐观发挥自己的特长和才能。
作为一名从业人员，我发觉，人才是机关作风整顿的重要保障。
只有不断吸取和培育具有高素养、创新思维和团队合作精神的人才，才能实现机关作风的整顿和提升。
在培育员工的同时，也应当建立一套科学的考核机制，准时发觉和解决问题。
再者，要创新工作方法，不断提高工作效率。
机关作风整顿需要在规章制度的基础上留意实效，更好地满足公众需求。
因此，在整顿的过程中，需要创新思维，接受更加高效有效的方法，在机关批文、审批、业务发布等方面精简工作流程，削减不必要的环节和铺张。
最终，要加强监督和落实工作。
机关作风整顿过程中，需要准时进行监督和检查，不断优化和调整工作的进程，确保各项措施得以落实。
同时，还要留意反馈，了解公众对机关作风整顿工作的态度，准时解决存在的问题，不断提高机关的服务水平
和公信力。
总之，机关作风整顿是一项长期、系统的工作，需要全体员工的共同努力。
期望我的个人心得能够挂念大家更好地理解整顿工作的意义，提高工作效率，增加机关的公信力和服务质量，为社会进展做出贡献。
Unit3FamilyMatters词汇复习课件高中英语(1)
1R0e.aAdfttheerptahsesamgeanancdaumnedeirnltinoe_t_hpe_o_two_p_eic_r_se，ntehnecedoidf ne’atchfepealrhagerawpahs. _p_o_w__e_rf_u_l. He even felt he was _p_o_w_e_r_l_e_s_s_ when he couldn’t protect his children and wife.(power) 11. The __e_n_t_ir_e__ village was destroyed in the earthquake. It now looks __e_n_ti_r_e_ly_ different from what it used to be.(entire) 12. Finally, thes_e_t_tl_e_r_s__ found a new land and _s_e_t_tl_e_d__ down. But their s_e__tt_le_m__e_n_t_ caused great damage to the local environment.(settle)
单元语境·填词
从方框中选用本单元重点词汇完成短文
focus; apologise; despite; observe; medal; range; contain; chat
I admire my older brother, who is a lawyer. He always 1. _fo_c__u_s_e_s_ his
Read the passage and underline the topic sentence of each paragraph.
⑩__p__o_w_e_r_ n. 能力；力量；权力→_p_o_w__e_r_fu_l adj. 强大的； 有权势的→_p_o_w__e_r_le_s_s___ adj. 无力的 ⑪__e_n_n_ti_re_l_y_ adv. 完全地；全部地 ⑫__s_e_t_tl_e__ vt. 安排；解决 vi. 安家；定居；停留 →__s_e_tt_le_m__e_n_t__ n. 定居点；殖民→_s_e_t_tl_e_r__ n. 移民
人教PEP版英语三年级上册Unit2 单元检测卷含答案
人教PEP版英语三年级上册Unit2 单元检测卷（满分70分）班级：姓名：成绩：一、单项选择。
（10分）( )1. my grandpa.A.This isB.I amC.You are( )2. This is grandma.A.IB.my( )3. This is my friend, Sarah Miller.A.Thank you.B.Oh, no.C.Nice to meet you. ( )4. How you?A.amB.isC.are( )5. My father's brother is my__________.A. brotherB. uncleC. cousin二、给下列句子选择相应的图片。
（10分）A. B. C. D E. F. ( )1. Look! This is my uncle.( )2. That is my aunt.( )3. I have two cousins, too.( )4. I have a baby brother.( )5. I have a baby sister.( )6. My family is big.三、根据中文提示，写单词。
（10分）1. v.(动词)有2. adj.(形容词)大的3. n.(名词)堂(表)兄、弟；堂(表)姐、妹4. n.(名词)哥；弟四、连词成句。
（10分）1. that, Is, father, your (?)2. a, have, I, family, big (.)3. your, cousin, Is, this (?)4. friend, my, That, is (.)五、选出正确的答案。
（10分）( )1. 下面字母顺序正确的一组是___________.A. a d c bB. a b c dC. a c b d ( )2. D-E-____-G-H.A. BB. CC. F ( )3. 下列字母，是三笔完成的是：A. EB. RC. Q ( )4. 下列哪个单词含有字母H的小写：A. lookB. sheC. name ( )5. 下列哪个单词含有字母F的小写：A. friendB. boyC. girl六、读一读，选择合适的句子补全对话。
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1.
+ “s” : daughter → daughters son → sons cousin → cousins
2.
“-y ” → “-ies”: family → families
baby → babies
city → cities 3. irregular: child → children man → men woman → women
IB Lesson 8
- How many people are there in your family? - Who are they? - Do you have any relatives? Who are they?
* father * mother * dad * mom * daughter * son * grandfather * grandmother
Family Tree
Role play Draw the family tree of your own family, and introduce the members to your partner.
Words for reference: child married daughter son uncle aunt nephew niece sister brother father mother father-in-law mother-in-law son-in-law daughter-in-law
-I have a blue pen. -She has two apples. -They have three bedrooms.
-
There is a blue pen on the table. There are two apples in the bag. There are three bedrooms in the apartment.
* daughter-in-law * son-in-law * uncle * aunt * sister * brother * child * niece * nephew
Ask and answer:
possessive adjective my
- Whose pen is it? - It is my pen. - No, it is not my pen. It is Lucy’s pen. - Is it your notebook? - Yes, it is my notebook. - No, it isn’t my notebook. It is Mhe coat of Dave
Lucy’s cat = the cat of Lucy
Their daughter’s dog = the dog of their (1) daughter Their daughters’ dog = the dog of their (2+) daughters
notebook.
our
your his
her
its
their
- What is a family tree? - A family relationship chart.
Please name the relationship in the
family tree on the right.
Myself
Original Form I you he she it we you they
Possessive Adjective my your his her its our your their
*Have: someone own something
*There be: shows something exists