2015年12月大学英语四级翻译模拟练习与答案解释
2015年下半年大学英语四级翻译练习题及解析：山体滑坡
大学英语四六级考试/模拟试题2015年下半年大学英语四级翻译练习题及解析：山体滑坡都江堰中兴镇发生山体滑坡(landslide)——这是2008年四川地震时受灾最严重的地方。
山体滑坡覆盖了大约两平方公里，摧毁了至少11所房子。
到目前为止，已有200多名居民被疏散。
山体滑坡几个小时后，巡逻队员到达现场时，一切都已经是一片汪洋。
目击者描述石头和残骸(debris)从山上滚下来，不到三分钟就把八座房屋吞没了。
The landslide occurred in the town of Zhongxing is Dujiangyan —one of the places badly hit by the 2008 Sichuan earthquake. The landslide, which covered about 2 sq km, damaged at least 11 homes. So far more than 200 residents have been evacuated. By the time patrol members arrived at the scene, a few hours after the landslide，everything was already a vast expanse of water. Eyewitnesses described stones and debris running down the hill and covering around eight homes in less than three minutes.2015年下半年大学英语四级翻译练习题及解析：山体滑坡.doc [全文共402字] 编号：6256641。
2015年12月大学英语四级考试真题（word版）附答案（6）
2015年12月大学英语四级考试真题（word版）附答案（6）The growing diversity of family life comes with new possibilities as well as new challenges. According to a recent poll, more than 80 percent of Americans believe that their current family is as close as the one in which they grew up, or closer. Finding ways to imaginary golden age.61、What do we learn about American autoworkers in 1950?A.They had less job security than they do today.B.It was not too difficult for them to buy a house.C.Their earnings were worth twice as much as today.D.They were better off than workers in other industries.62、What does the author about retired people today?A.They invariably long to return to the golden past.B.They do not depend so much on social welfare.C.They feel more secure economically than in the past.D.They are usually unwilling to live with their children.63、Why couldn’t black workers buy a house in a whitc suburban neighborhood ?A.They lacked the means of transportation.B.They were subjected to racial inequality.C.They were afraid to break the law.D.They were too poor to afford it.64、What is the result of no-fault divorce ?A.Divorce is easier to obtain.B.Domestic violence is lessened.C.It causes little pain to either side.D.It contributes to social unrest.65 、What does the author suggest society do?A.Get prepared to face any new challenges.B.Try to better the current social security.C.Narrow the gap between blacks and whites.D.Improve the lives of families with problemsPart IV TranslationDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.翻译题一：大熊猫是一种温顺的动物，长着独特的黑白皮毛。
2015年12月翻译汉译英英语四级
题一：1936年竺可桢授命出任浙江大学[微博]校长。
在此之前，他已经是一位声名卓著的自然科学家了。
从1936年到1949年，竺可桢当了十三年大学校长。
在连绵不断的战争、学运的夹缝中，在极为恶劣的环境下，他跋涉五千里、五易校址、历经五省、颠沛流离，居然将这所他接手时只有三个学院、十六个系的大学办成了拥有七个学院、二十七个学系全国最完整的两所大学之一。
参考答案：In 1936,Zhu Kezhen was appointed as the principal of Zhejiang University.Even before then,he had been a famous natural scientist.From 1936 to 1949,Zhu Kezhen worked as the university principal for 13 years.In the extremely hostile environment filled with converging attacks by continuous wars and various university affairs,being homeless and miserable,he trudged 5,000 li and drifted from place to place through 5 provinces,with the university location being changed 5 times.He actually developed the university into one of the nation's two most integrated universities composed of 7 schools and 27 departments,compared with only 3 schools and 16 departments when he took it over。
2015年12月四级翻译练习试题及解析
２０１６英语四级复习资料―――段落翻译汪全2015年12月英语四级翻译真题及答案1. 云南省的丽江古镇是中国著名的旅游目的地之一。
那里的生活节奏比大多数中国（的城市）都要缓慢。
丽江到处都是美丽的自然风光，众多的少数民族同胞提供了各式各样，丰富多彩的文化让游客体验。
历史上，丽江还以“爱之城”而闻名。
当地人中流传着许多关于（人）生，为爱而死的故事。
如今，在中外游客眼中，这个古镇被视为爱情和浪漫的天堂。
（paradise）Lijiang， an ancient town of Yunnan Province， is one of the most famous tourist destina tions。
Its pace of life is slower than that of most cities of China。
There are many natural beauti es everywhere in Lijiang and many ethnical minorities provide tourists with a great variety of cult ural experience。
Lijiang is also well-known as the “city of love” in history。
Many stories about l ife and dying for love have spreaded widely among the locals。
Nowadays， for tourists home a nd abroad， the ancient town is regarded as a paradise of love and romance。
2. 今年在长沙举行了一年一度的外国人汉语演讲比赛。
这项比赛证明是促进中国和世界其他地区文化交流的好方法。
2015年12月四级英语考试真题与答案解析
2015年12月四级英语考试真题与答案解析作文（一）周思远题目：For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “Learning is a daily experience and a lifelong mission。
” You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of lifelong learning。
You should write at least 120 words， no more than 180 words。
参考文：Currently in this constantly changing world， learning becomes a seemingly convenient but actually more complex matter。
As an old saying goes，” Learning is a daily experience and a lifetime mission”。
Apparently， the meaning of this saying is that if we truly desire to learn something， we are supposed to devote our life to it。
There are several reasons accounting for this viewpoint。
For one thing，learning itself is an actually complicated and painful matter， and as a result， it is advisable for us to commit much more time even our whole life to it。
2015年12月英语四级题目与答案解析
2015年12月英语四级题目与答案解析第一部分：写作写作第一版：For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essaycommenting on the saying Learning is a daily experience and alifetime mission. You can cite examples to illustrate theimportance of lifelong learning. You should write at least 120words but no more than 180 words.破题思路:第一段: 解释引言内容. 提出文章的主旨 : 学习的重要性第二段: 分析原因此处可以结合例子.第三段: 得出结论此文章写作时可以全面参照有道考神四级写作课程中功能句的讲解。
参考范文:Learning is a daily experience and a lifetimemission. This is a proverb full of logic. Inother words, learning is significant in our whole life. Indeed, wecan learn many things from it. If you understand it and apply it toyour study or work, you’ll necessarily benefit a lot from it.There are many reasons which can explain this phenomenon and thefollowing are the typical ones. The first reason is that learningcan light our road in the coming future. There is no denying thefact that the society is developing increasingly fast and we areoften easily surpassed by the people around. The only way to avoidthis is to learn to improve ourselves. As an illustration, I’d liketo take myself as an example. After graduation from college, mylife has been full of working pressure, which contributes to mydecision of pursuing further education. That’s why I can make myown way in such a competitive society.The effect of learning can be boiled down to two major ones. First,with the spirit of learning, we are more capable of overcoming thedifficulties in the future. More importantly, we can enrich ourspare time life by learning. No matter who you are, you mustremember that learning is the basic skill in our life.写作第二版：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essaycommenting on the saying Listening is more important thantalking. You can cite examples to illustrate the importance ofpaying attention to others' opinions. You should write at least120 words but no more than 180 words.破题思路:第一段: 解释引言内容. 提出文章的主旨 : 倾听重要性第二段: 分析原因此处可以结合例子.第三段: 得出结论此文章写作时可以全面参照有道考神四级写作课程中功能句的讲解。
2015年12月大学英语四级真题翻译详解
• 3. 丽江[到处]都是(美丽的)(自然)风光, // (众多的)少 数民族同胞提供了(各式各样、丰富多彩的)文化//让 游客体验。 • 英语句型：…, and… • There are beautiful natural sceneries everywhere in Lijiang, and minority people provide various rich cultures for tourists to experience. • There are beautiful natural sceneries everywhere, and minority people provide a great variety of cultures for tourists.
小飞守角制作
• 5. 当地人中流传着许多关于因爱而生、为爱而 死的故事。
• Many stories about living and dying for love are widely spread among the locals. • Many stories about living and dying for love spread widely among the locals.
小飞守角制作
• 1. (云南省的)丽江古镇是(中国著名的)旅游 目的地之一。 • The ancient town of Lijiang is one of tourist destinations. • The ancient town of Lijiang in Yunnan Province is one of China’s famous / well-known tourist destinations. • Lijiang, an ancient town of Yunnan Province, is one of China’s famous / well-known tourist destinations.
2015年12月大学英语四级翻译模拟练习与答案解释
2015年12月大学英语四级翻译模拟练习与答案解释翻译题目1、在这个信息爆炸的时代，大学生的阅读习惯变得碎片化、功利化。
一项调查结果显示，许多大学生每日阅读不足1小时，而上网时间却超过了4小时。
现在年轻人喜欢看一些“更实用的”书籍，如考试指导及职业指南。
专家指出，碎片化、功利化阅读削弱了学生的思考以及分析能力。
他们一再强调，学生应多去阅读人文作品以提升自身的审美品位（aesthetic taste）。
表达难点1.第1句中的“大学生的阅读习惯变得碎片化、功利化”如果直译为the reading habit of college students becomes fragmented and utilitarian 则意思传达得不清晰，应转换成“大学生以……方式来阅读”（read in a…manner），以便于理解。
2.第2句中的“每日阅读时间不足1小时，而上网时间却超过了4小时”如果直译为the time for reading is less than one hour every day, while the time online is more than four hours 则表达冗长、生硬，不如译为动词短语read for…, but spend…，这样处理更简洁、更符合英语表达习惯。
3.在倒数第2句中，“能力”的定语“学生的思考以及分析”较长，可将其处理成后置定语，用不定式短语to think and analyze 来表达。
4.在最后一句中“一再强调（某人做某亊）”的常用表达是insist that（sb. do sth.）：“以提升自身的审美品位”表目的，故将其处理成目的状语，译作to develop aesthetic taste of their own.参考译文In an era of information explosion, college students are now reading in a fragmented and utilitarian manner. According to a survey, many college students read for less than an hour every day, but spend more than four hours online daily. Young people nowadays like to read "more practical" books, such as guidance for exams and occupations. Experts pointed out that fragmented and utilitarian reading undermine students' ability to think and analyze. They insist that students read more humanity works to develop aesthetic taste of their own.翻译题目2、俗话说，“到北京，不到长城非好汉，不吃烤鸭（roast duck）真遗憾！”烤鸭是北京的地方风味，已有1600多年的历史。
2015年12月大学英语四级翻译真题及答案(一套)
2015年12月大学英语四级翻译真题及答案（一套）1、中国父母往往过于关注孩子的，以至于不要他们帮忙做家务。
他们对孩子的首要要求就是努力学习。
考得好，能上名牌大学。
他们相信这是为孩子好。
因为在中国这样竞争激烈的社会里，只有成绩好才能保证前途光明。
中国父母还认为，如果孩子能在社会上取得大的成就，父母就会受到尊重。
因此，他们愿意牺牲自己的时间、爱好和兴趣，为孩子提供更好的条件。
Chinese parents tendto pay so much attention to the academic performance of their children thatthey stop their kids from helping with the housework. The primary requirementfor children is to study hard. Children are entitled to go to eliteuniversities with high exam scores. Parents believe this is for the benefit oftheir children. Because in ahighly competitive society like China, only highscores can guarantee kids a bright future.Chinese parents also think that theywill be respected if their children make greater achievements in society.Therefore, parents are willing to sacrifice their own time, hobbies andinterest to provide their children with better conditions.2、云南省的丽江古镇是中国著名的旅游目的地之一。
2015年12月四级翻译官方范文
2015.12. CET4 Translation-3今年在长沙举行了一年一度的外国人演讲比赛。
这项比赛证明是促进中国和世界其他地区文化交流的好方法。
它为世界各地的年轻人提供了更好地了解中国的机会。
来自87个国家共计126位选手聚集在湖南省省会参加了从七月六日到八月五日进行的半决赛和决赛。
比赛并不是唯一的活动。
选手们还有机会参观了中国其他地区的著名景点和历史名胜。
参考译文：An annual Chinese speech contest for foreigners was held in Changsha this year. The competition proves to be a good way to facilitate cultural exchanges between China and the rest of the world. It provides opportunities for young people from across the world to better understand China.A total of 126 contestants from 87 countries gathered in the provincial capital of Hunan to compete in the semifinals and finals of the competition from July 6 to August 5.Competition was not the only activity. Contestants also had a chance to visit famous scenic spots and places of historical interest in other parts of China.14分（13-15分）切题。
2015年12月大学英语四级考试模考卷及答案(一)
2015年12月大学英语四级考试模考卷一Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on food contamination. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1.Food Contamination_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.1. A) She’s the registrar. C) She thinks the man doesn’t need the class.B) There’s no reason she should know. D) She probably knows the registrar.2. A) The walk is pleasant with a friend. C) The walk isn’t easy for him.B) He doesn’t mind the quick walk. D) He has joined the school track team.3. A) She hired a detective to help her. C) She wants to put her book away.B) She finished writing only half of her story. D) She’s reading something interesting.4. A) She agrees with the man. C) She thinks Kevin will be late.B) She hasn’t seen Kevin recently. D) She doesn’t know what the man means.5. A) He knows the route very well. C) He doesn’t know where the hotel is.B) He often gets lost. D) He thinks it’s an expensive hotel.6. A) Anthony fixed it. C) It worked again when the plummer arrived.B) The plumber fixed it. D) It was removed.7. A) Quit after he wins a game. C) Reconsider his decision.B) Play harder next time. D) Continue looking for what he lost.8. A) He doesn’t know Sally is in class this year.B) He doesn’t want to be the class treasurer.C) He can’t believe he was nominated.D) He has no intention of looking for treasure.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) Because she tutors him. C) To inform him about a class he missed.B) Because he is eating fish sticks. D) To encourage him to eat a healthier lunch.10. A) The cells of plants and animals are less damaged by quick freezing.B) It saves time in the food production process.C) It reduces the amount of energy required to freeze the food.D) The food defrosts more quickly.11. A) A fish could survive being frozen.B) The fish were easier to catch in winter.C) Food could be kept frozen permanently.D) Quick freezing could prevent large crystals.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Register when they arrive. C) Register their guests.B) Bring up to three guests. D) Show membership cards on arrival.13. A) There is a charge for the use of the locker.B) Showers are installed in the changing rooms.C) Lockers are located in the changing rooms.D) Lockers are used to store personal belongings.14. A) For 30 minutes only. C) Within the booked time only.B) For one hour only. D) Longer than the booked time.15. A) Players can eat in the club room.B) Players have to leave the club room by ten o’clock.C) The courts are closed earlier than the club room.D) Players can use both the club room and the courts.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you willhear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) To protect persons and property.B) To collect taxes.C) To teach and train citizens.D) To save natural resources for future use.17. A) By selling services that make life comfortable.B) By selling lands containing oil.C) By selling public lands.D) By selling coal and other natural products.18. A) Environmental pollution and protection.B) Taxes and services for the public.C) Police’s efforts to protect people.D) People’s attitude toward taxes.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) He photographed her house. C) He gave her advice on photography.B) He photographed her paintings. D) He gave her advice on painting techniques.20. A) Painting. C) Photographing sculpture.B) Architecture. D) Photographing people.21. A) It is the only record left of the painting.B) It is not an accurate representation of the painting.C) It has become more valuable than the painting.D) It was destroyed together with the painting in a fire.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) To explain why recycling is important.B) To describe the recycling program.C) To discuss whether or not recycling should be mandatory.D) To explain how to find the recycling facilities.23. A) Because all the trash cans have the same color.B) Because not enough people volunteer to collect the trash.C) Because most people don’t like to take time to sort their trash.D) Because collections are not made on a regular basis.24. A) Pink. B) Green. C) Maroon. D) White.25. A) To paint the trash cans. C) To pick up and deliver the trash.B) To pick up and sort the trash. D) To work in the recycling center.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.According to a new study, a major ingredient to taking the pain out of a stressful day at work is a supportive partner at home. It may not seem like a (26)______ conclusion but the study is the first to quantify the effects that a (27)______ ear can have at home and at work.They found that highly stressed employees had a 25 percent higher level of concentration levels if they had a (28)______ home life. They were also 33 percent more likely to have positive relationships with colleagues, and a 20 percent higher level of job satisfaction.Previous studies have linked work-related stress to (29)______ mental and physical illnesses, such as depression and obesity. But this study shows how stress can be a vicious circle—(30)______ affecting the way employees perform at work, which can (31)______ even more workplace stress.One expert said the mental and physical wellbeing of employees were (32)______ if they came to work still stressed from the day before. He said: “When you’re still angry or upset from yesterday’s stress, your workday will likely go in only one direction—down. ”And there were obvious (33)______ at home as well. Employees with strong home support were 25 percent less likely to suffer from after-work (34)______. Having an awareness of a partner’s daily work demands—such as deadlines, a lack of adequate resources and bad bosses—could (35)______ that couples always communicated, and a partner could see when their loved one was underplaying or exaggerating a problem.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.A new study has shown that we tend to remember the bad times better than the good.The study, from Boston College psychologist, Elizabeth Kensinger and colleagues, has ___36___ that we retain and bear in mind events that carry negative emotional burden.Her research shows that whether an event is pleasing or aversive (厌恶的；引起厌恶的) seems to be a ___37___ determinant of the accuracy with which the event is remembered, with negative events being remembered in greater detail than positive ones.To ___38___ her theory, Kensinger gives the example of a sight of a man on a street holding a gun. After seeing the man, people remember the gun clearly, but they forget the details of the street.Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (FMRI) studies have shown ___39___ cellularactivity in emotion-processing regions at the time that a negative event is ___40___.The more activity in the orbitofrontal cortex and the amygdala, two emotion-processing regions of the brain, the more likely an individual is to remember details ___41___ linked to the emotional aspect of the event, such as the exact appearance of the gun.Kensinger argues that recognizing the ___42___ of negative emotion on memory for detail may, at some point, save our lives by guiding our actions and allowing us to plan for similar future ___43___.“These benefits make sense within an___44___ framework. It is logical that ___45___ would be focused on potentially threatening information,” says Kensinger.A) occurrencesB) imaginedC) evolutionaryD) substantiateE) concludedF) achievementsG) influenceH) increasedI) criticalJ) effectsK) supportingL) attentionM) experiencedN) intrinsicallyO) suggestedSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.Caring for Elderly Parents Catches Many UnpreparedA) Last July, Julie Baldocchi’s mother had a massive stroke and was paralyzed. Baldocchi suddenly had to become a family caregiver, something that she wasn’t prepared for. “I was flying by the seat of my pants,” says Baldocchi, an employment specialist in San Francisco. Both of her parents are 83, and she knew her father couldn’t handle her mother’s care. The hospital recommended putting her mother in a nursing home. Baldocchi wasn’t willing to do that. But moving her back into her parents’home created other problems. Baldocchi, 48, is married and lives about a mile away from her parents. She has a full-time job and has back problems that make it difficult for her to lift her mother. “I couldn’t do it all,” she says. “But I didn’t even know how to find help.”B) With help from the Family Caregiver Alliance, she eventually hired a live-in caregiver. “But even if you plan intellectually and legally, you’re never ready for the emotional impact,”Baldocchi says. In the first two months after her mother’s stroke, she lost about 30 pounds as stress mounted. More than 42 million Americans provide family caregiving for an adult who needs help with daily activities, according to a 2009 survey by the AARP. An additional 61.6 million provided at least some care during the year. And many are unprepared.C) While many parents lack an advance care directive, it’s the most basic and important step they can take. The directive includes several parts, including: a durable power of attorney, which gives someone legal authority to make financial decisions on another’s behalf; a health care proxy, which is similar to the power of attorney, except it allows someone to make decisions regarding medical treatment; and a living will that outlines instructions for end-of-life care. (For example, parents can say if they want to be kept alive by artificial measures.) “It’s invaluable for the kids, because it’s hard to make those decisions for a parent,” says Jennifer Cona, an elder-law attorney at Genser Dubow Genser & Cona in Melville, N.Y. An advance care directive is the first line of defense if a situation arises, says Kathleen Kelly, executive director of the Family Caregiver Alliance, which supports and educates caregivers. Without an advance directive, the family will have to petition the court to be appointed the parent’s legal guardian, says .D) It’s important for families to talk about long-term care so the adult children know their parents’ preferences, wishes and goals, says Lynn Feinberg, a caregiving expert at AARP. But it’s not an easy conversation. Elderly parents are sometimes suspicious of their children’s financial motives, says Susan John, a financial planner at Financial Focus in Wolfeboro, N.H. One client asked John to hold a family meeting because they needed an intermediary to talk about financial issues, she says. And when there are many siblings, the family decisions can become a three-ring circus with much acrimony, says Ann-Margaret Carrozza, an elder-law attorney in Glen Cove, N.Y. Families who need information and help sorting out disagreements can call on elder-law attorneys, financial planners, geriatric care managers and caregiver support groups. In February, AARP said it will offer its members a new caregiving support service through financial services firm Genworth.E) Many families are unprepared for quick decisions, especially when they find out that Medicare doesn’t pay for long-term care, Feinberg says. The median cost of a year in a private room at a nursing home in 2011 was $77,745, according to Genworth. And only those who have spent most of their assets can qualify for Medicaid to pay for the nursing home.F) Assisted living is another option. Residents can have their own apartment to maintain some independence. But the facilities generally provide personal care services, such as meals, housekeeping and assistance with activities. Still, it’s not cheap: The national median cost in 2011 was $39,135, according to Genworth. Assisted living isn’t covered by Medicaid.G) If they have a choice, at least 90% of elderly parents prefer to stay at home as long as they can, according to AARP research. But if the parents can no longer safely live at home, it can be hard for children to move them into an adult care facility. There may be another option. Sometimes the home can be modified so a parent can stay there. For example, Baldocchi put in a chair lift for her mother. She also arranged for a home caregiver.H) Family caregivers take over many responsibilities. One might manage a parent’s finances, while another sibling will take the parent to doctors’ appointments and shopping. Those who move in with a parent take on a significant and sustained burden of care. Jan Walker moved into her mother’s home in Leesburg, Fla. After her mother, who is 83, had fallen, she wasn’t able to get around as well. Walker, 55, has three brothers. But she is the only daughter, is divorced and has no children. “I always knew that this was the role that I would have, and I guess my mind was prepared for it,” says Walker, who now is a full-time caregiver and works from home as a tutorial instructor for a digital scrapbooking website. “When you get into the trenches, it’s literally baptism by fire,” she says. “New things come up. It’s not just about advance planning for finances or medical care. It’s everything,” she says.I) Caregivers need to also watch their own health. “There is such a thing as caregiver burnout,”Cona says. Among female caregivers 50 and older, 20% reported symptoms of depression, according to a 2010 study on working caregivers by MetLife. “It’s a hard job,” Walker says. “But most worthwhile things are hard. She was always there for me when I needed a helping hand. It’s only natural that I be here for her now.”46. When elderly parents cannot live at home safely, their children can change their home instead of sending them to an adult care facility.47. To talk about long-term care is not easy because sometimes aged parents are suspicious of their children’s financial motives.48. Besides advance planning for finances or medical care, family caregivers take over many other responsibilities.49. The difference between a durable power of attorney and a health care proxy is that the latter allows someone to make decisions regarding medical treatment.50. Baldocchi did not want to send her mother to a nursing home, but she had difficulty taking care of her.51. Over 42 million caregivers helped an adult with everyday activities in the USA in 2009.52. If a family needs information or help to sort out disagreements, there are many people they can call on.53. Caregivers should pay attention to their own health, or they may burn out or become depressed.54. One will have to petition the court to be the parent’s legal guardian, if there is no advance directive.55. The national median cost of assisted living in 2011 was $39,135 and it is not covered by Medicaid.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.Max Weber was one of the most important German intellectuals of his day. He believed that sociological explanations must derive from an understanding of why people choose the actions they do. This belief differed sharply from Durkheim’s view that society and individuals should be studied at different levels. Weber acknowledged that there are social facts that must be analyzed using scientific methods, but he argued that social facts are the total result of individual actions.The stress on individual action led Weber to look beyond objective behavior and to focus on people’s subjective beliefs, attitudes, values, and motives. According to Weber, sociologists must interpret, not just observe. They must try to see actions from the point of view of the actor. This approach he called verstehen, which in German means emphatic understanding. Weber stressed that verstehen could be systematic. It did not reduce sociological knowledge simply to matter of opinion. But explanations, in his view, had to go beyond the objective counting of who in society has which social attributes (社会属性). Explanations, according to Weber, must consider the subjective thoughts and feelings that lead to particular actions.Like Marx and Durkheim, Weber wanted to understand the rapid social changes occurring in his time. To Weber the most fundamental trend in the modern era was an increasing rationalization (理性化) of social action and social institutions. More specifically, Weber saw the history of Western society in terms of a shift from traditional orientations, to more rational orientations.Weber believed that the general trend toward increased rationalization could be seen in many aspects of social life. One was the rise of science as the principal method of acquiring knowledge. By the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries people were increasingly coming to believe in science, to consider its rational, systematic methods superior to simple intuition and common sense. Increased rationalization could also be seen in the growth of government bureaucracies (官僚制度), where laws are the basis of authority. A third area where the rise of rationalization could be seen was in the development of capitalism. Capitalism requires people to analyze markets, maximize the efficiency of production, calculate returns on investments, and create financial institutions to support economic expansion, all things that demand a logical, reasoned approach to the world.56. The passage is primarily concerned with ______.A) presenting the sociological theory of Max WeberB) giving a brief biography of Max WeberC) explaining the importance of the term “verstehen” in Weber’s theoryD) showing several areas of social life in Weber’s theory57. The author implies that Max Weber was different from Durkheim in that ______.A) Weber believed society and individuals should be studied differentlyB) in Weber’s view the social changes must be studied carefullyC) Weber placed more emphasis on the motivation of people’s actionsD) Weber thought individual actions are the result of society58. According to Weber, explanations of individual actions ______.A) should relate with none other than social attributesB) should consider the person’s thoughts and feelingsC) should involve a lot of systematic observationD) should be carried on at different levels of study59. One of the reasons for the increase of rationalization is that ______.A) government had more authority than ever C) capitalism developed quicklyB) intuition played a more important role in action D) economy grew rapidly60. The author’s attitude towards Weber’s theory is ______.A) praising B) criticizing C) unclear D) objectivePassage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Aside from perpetuating (使……持续存在) itself, the sole purpose of the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters is to “foster, assist and sustain an interest” in literature, music, and art. This it does by enthusiastically handing out money. Annual cash awards are given to deserving artists in various categories of creativity: architecture, musical composition, theater, novels, serious poetry, light verse, painting, sculpture. One award subsidizes a promising American writer’s visit to Rome. There is even an award for a very good work of fiction that failed commercially once won by the young John Updike for The Poorhouse Fair and, more recently, by Alice Walker for In Love and Trouble.The awards and prizes total about $ 750,000 a year, but most of them range in size from $ 5,000 to $12,500, a welcome sum to many young practitioners whose work may not bring in that much money in a year. One of the advantages of the awards is that many go to the struggling artists, rather than to those who are already successful. Members of the Academy and Institute are not eligible (有资格的) for any cash prizes. Another advantage is that, unlike the National Endowment for the Arts or similar institutions throughout the world, there is no government money involved.Awards are made by committee. Each of the three departments Literature (120 members), Art (83), Music (47)—has a committee dealing with its own field Committee membership rotates every year, so that new voices and opinions are constantly heard.The most financially rewarding of all the Academy-Institute awards are the Mildred and Harold Strauss Livings. Harold Strauss, a devoted editor at Alfred A. Knopf, the New Yorkpublishing house, and Mildred Strauss, his wife, were wealthy and childless. They left the Academy-Institute a unique bequest (遗赠): for five consecutive years, two distinguished (and financially needy) writers would receive enough money so they could devote themselves entirely to “prose literature” (no plays, no poetry, and no paying job that might distract). In 1983, the first Strauss Livings of $35,000 a year went to short-story writer Raymond Carver and novelist-essayist Cynthia Ozick. By 1988, the fund had grown enough so that two winners, novelists Diane Johnson and Robert Stone, each got $50,000 a year for five years.61. The passage mainly discusses ______.A) award-winning works of literature C) the special donation of an artistB) an organization that awards artists D) the individual patrons of artists62. Which of the following can be inferred about Alice Walker’s book In Love and Trouble?A) It sold more copies than The Poorhouse Fair. C) It was a commercial success.B) It described the author’s visit to Rome. D) It was published after The Poorhouse Fair.63. Each year the awards and prizes offered by the Academy-Institute total approximately _____.A) $750,000 B) $35,000 C) $50,000 D) $12,50064. One of the advantages of the Academy-Institute awards mentioned in the passage is that______.A) they are subsidized by the governmentB) they are often given to unknown artistsC) they can also be given to members of the Academy-InstituteD) they influence how the National Endowment for the Arts makes its award decisions65. The Strauss couple wished their fund could be provided for ______.A) the greatest contributor to prose literatureB) the talented but less known artistsC) the excellent and financially needy writersD) the amateur artists who had paying jobsPart IV Translation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.随着信用卡的流行，一些人逐渐沦为卡奴，尤其是一些购物成瘾却收入不高的年轻人。
12月大学英语四级全真模拟试题及答案
12月大学英语四级全真模拟试题及答案2015年12月大学英语四级全真模拟试题及答案1. My brother has decided to become a policeman,____what may.A. cameB. comeC. comingD. having come2. My friend and adviser____ to lend me his money.A. have agreedB. has agreedC. agreedD. are agreed3. A series of robberies ____recently.A. has been reportedB. has reportedC. have been reportedD. have reported4. “Which coat did your husband buy?”“The black one, but I____ the green one.”A. would rather have boughtB. would rather buyC. would have rather boughtD. rather had bought5. I was to have a trip abroad if____.A. I had not been firedB. I was not firedC. my boss won’t have fired meD. I were not fired6. Not until three years ago____ to work outside.A. he beganB. he beginsC. began heD. did he begin7.____ that it was going to rain, he took a raincoat with himA. SeeingB. SawC. SeenD. To see8. If you____hard, you____in the exam.A. worked/ wouldn’t have failedB. h ad worked/ wouldn’t failC. had worked/ wouldn’t have failedD. worked/ wouldn’t fail9. When we drove to the country, we saw many ____.A. herds of cattlesB. herds of cattleC. herd of cattleD. herd of cattles10. Don’t go there this afternoon, I’d rath er you____ tomorrow.A. wentB. goC. will goD. would go11. They saw a new movie at the theatre,____they had dinner at a Chinese restaurant.A. then whichB. which afterC. after whichD. after that12. In my country, the____ are all distributed free.A. letters boxB. letters boxesC. letter’s boxD. letter boxes13. I wish to go home with you,____?A. may IB. shall IC. would ID. can I14. Our country is trying to____ the serious problems created bythe environment pollution.A. comply withB. cope withC. cope toD. comply to15. The thieves____the possibility of the alarm system soundingA. overtookB. overcameC. overlookedD. overworked16. Although the main characters in the fiction are so true to life, they are certainly____.A. imaginingB. imaginativeC. imaginableD. imaginary17. She stumbled and____ the coffee.A. spoiledB. spilledC. pouredD. splashed18. A sheet of metal was shaken to____the sound of thunder.A. stimulateB. simulateC. reproduceD. duplicate19. In today’s newspaper,it____ that there will be a new electi on tomorrow.A. tellsB. statesC. writesD. records20. When he bent down to tie his shoelace, the belt of his trousers____.A. ruinedB. crackedC. brokeD. split21. He was totally not aware when the thief____his wallet from him.A. trickedB. stoleC. robbedD. deceived22. To ____these two ideas is impossible, they are too different.A. matchB. bondC. reconcileD. compromise23. “How much money do you need?”“Well, $200 will see me____.”A. throughB. outC. offD. away24. I will be glad to get acquainted____the girl you introduced.A. onB. withC. toD. by25.Watch out, the boss is disgusted____your behavior!A. toB. atC. forD. with【参考答案】1. 答案 B【参考译文】不论发生什么事，我弟弟都决心成为一名警察。
2015年12月4级翻译真题解析
2015年12月4级翻译真题解析2015年12月四级翻译真题1：Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. Y ou should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.【题目】中国父母往往过于关注孩子的学习，以至于不要他们帮忙做家务。
他们对孩子的唯一要求就是努力学习，考得好，能上名牌大学。
他们相信这是为孩子好，因为在中国这样竞争激烈的社会里，只有成绩好才能保证前途光明。
中国父母还认为，如果孩子能在社会上取得大的成就，父母就会受到尊敬。
因此，他们愿意牺牲自己的时间、爱好和兴趣，为孩子创造更好的条件。
【参考译文】Chinese parents usually pay so excessive attention to the study of their kids that they don't spare the effort to assign any housework to children. The sole requirement they have on their children is that they should study hard, get good grades, and enter top-tier universities. Chinese parents are fully convinced that thi s is to the benefits of their children. Since in a country like China where competition is fierce and ubiquitous, good grades mean a promising future. In addition, they also believe that when their children make great achievements, they as parents would earn respects. Therefore, they are willing to sacrifice their time, hobbies and interest to create a more favorable condition for their kids.【题目】云南省的丽江古镇是中国著名的旅游目的地之一。
12月英语四级翻译真题及答案考后首发
12月英语四级翻译真题及答案考后首发2015年12月英语四级翻译真题及答案（考后首发）2015年12月英语四级翻译真题一：丽江云南省丽江是我国著名的旅游胜地之一，城市比大城市要慢得多，丽江是一个美丽的自然风光，众多的少数民族同胞为游客提供各种丰富多彩的文化体验。
译文：Lijiang in yunnan province is one of famous famous destinationin our country。
Where the city much slower pace than most Chinese cities。
Lijiang is a beautiful natural scenery everywhere。
Numerous ethnic minority compatriots to provide all kinds of rich and colorful culture let visitors experience。
2015年12月英语四级翻译真题二：父母过度关注学习中国的父母往往会为孩子的学习太多，所以他们不能帮忙做家务。
孩子的第一个要求是努力学习，获得好的，到prestigiousuniversities。
他们认为这是为孩子好，因为在中国这样一个高度竞争的社会，只有好的结果来确保光明的未来。
中国的父母也相信家长会如果他们取得巨大成功的会议很荣幸。
所以他们愿意牺牲自己的.时间和兴趣为他们的孩子提供更好的条件。
译文一Chinese parents tend to be too much in thestudy of their children, so that they can not help to do the housework. Theirchildren's first requirement is to study hard, to get good, to the prestigiousuniversities. They believe it is good for the children, because in China such ahighly competitive society, only good results to ensure the future of thebright. Chinese parents also believe that parents will be honored if they canachieve great success at the meeting. So they are willing to sacrifice theirown time and interest to provide better conditions for their children.2015年12月英语四级翻译真题三：外国人汉语演讲比赛今年在长沙举行了一年一度的外国人汉语演讲比赛。
2015年12月英语四级翻译练习及解析：平遥古城
大学英语四六级考试/模拟试题2015年12月英语四级翻译练习及解析：平遥古城原文：平遥古城位于山西省中部平遥县内，始建于西周宣王时期(公元前827年～公元前782年)。
平遥古城是中国汉民族城市在明清时期的杰出范例，在中国历史的发展中，为人们展示了一幅非同寻常的汉族文化、社会、经济及宗教发展的完整画卷。
平遥古城被称为“保存最为完好的四大古城”之一，也是中国仅有的以整座古城申报世界文化遗产获得成功的两座古城市之一。
译文：Located in Pingyao County in the middle of Shanxi Province, the Ancient City of Pingyao was built during the reign of Emperor Xuan in the Western Zhou Dynasty(from 827 BC to 782 BC). The Ancient City of Pingyao is a prominent example of the Han people's cities in the dynasties of Ming and Qing. It shows a complete and extraordinary picture of the development of culture, society, economy, and religions of the Han people. TheAncient City of Pingyao is called one of the “four best preserved ancient cities”, and one of China’s only two ancient cities that have succeeded in the application for the world culture heritage as a whole city.2015年12月英语四级翻译练习及解析：平遥古城.doc [全文共502字] 编号：6241108。
2015年12月大学英语四级翻译练习试题及解析：现代人类
大学英语四六级考试/模拟试题2015年12月大学英语四级翻译练习试题及解析：现代人类现代人类约公元前50000年第一次从中亚或印度来到中国。
这些石器时代(Stone Age)的人，居住在洞穴中，穿着毛皮。
公元前4000年左右，这些人开始种植水稻，并饲养羊和鸡。
约公元前3000年，他们开始使用陶器(pottery)并住在房子里。
到公元前2000年，中国人已进入青铜时代(Bronze Age)，并开始用于写字。
约公元前700年，中国的金属工人学会制作铁器工具和武器。
Modem humans first came to China from Central Asia or India about 50,000 BC. These were Stone Age people, who lived in caves and wore fur and leather. By around 4,000 BC, these people were starting to farm rice and keep sheep and chickens. By about 3,000 BC, they were using pottery and living in houses. By 2,000 BC，Chinese people had entered the Bronze Age and had begun to use writing. By about 700 BC， Chinese metal-workers learned to make iron tools and weapons.2015年12月大学英语四级翻译练习试题及解析：现代人类.doc [全文共404字] 编号：6266570。
2015年12月大学英语四级翻译练习
2015年12月大学英语四级翻译练习（附答案）翻译原文：在中国，如果不了解“面子”的含义，则很难理解许多行为言辞。
面子通常可理解为社会对一个人名誉和声望（prestige）的看法。
因此，中国人向来很重视面子问题。
丢面子会导致一个人在人际交往中失去权威。
中国人通常不会公开指出令人尴尬的事实，从而避免让另一个人丢面子。
如果要给某人面子，则可以在大众面前赞美他，欣赏他的才能，或对他表示尊重。
参考译文：1.第1句中的“……很难理解……”可套用句型it is + a.+ to do sth（做某事怎么样），译作it is difficult to underatand…条件状语“如果不了解‘面子’的含义”可用从句来表达you don't know the concept of "face"也可用介词短语without knowing the concept of "face"来翻译。
2.第2句“面子通常可理解为社会对……的看法”虽然没有被动标识词，实际上有被动含义，故英译时须体现，译作 face is commonly viewed as…。
“对一个人名誉和声望的”用介词短语of a person's reputation and prestige 来表达。
3.倒数第2句中的“从而避免让另一个人丢面子”表目的，故将其处理成目的状语，用不定式短语so as to avoid making…来表达，动词avoid后接动名词形式。
4.最后一句为无主语句，英译时，应增译主语you或者we，此处用we更符合上下文的论述。
“在大众面前”，可译为in front of other people，但更地道的表达是in public，如“她不好意思在大众面前唱歌”，译为 She is too shy to sing in public.In China, it is difficult to understand many behaviors and speeches without knowing the concept of “face”. Face is commonly viewed as social perspective of a person's reputation and prestige. Therefore, Chinese people have been paying close attention to their face. Losing face will result in one's loss of authority in the interpersonal communication. Usually the Chinese will not point out embarrassing facts in public so as to avoid making another person lose face. If we want to give face to somebody, we can praise him in public, appreciate his ability or show respect to him.翻译原文：在中国，赠送礼物应考虑具体情况和场合。
2015年12月四级考试模拟试卷及答案（9）
A) feels happy, thinking of how nice his friends were to him
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:
Sleep is part of a person's daily activity cycle. There are several different stages of sleep, and they too occur in cycles. If you are an average sleeper, your sleep cycle is as follows. When you first drift off into slumber (安睡), your eyes will roll about a bit, your temperature will drop slightly, your muscles will relax, and your breathing were slow and become quite regular. Your brain waves slow down a bit too, with the alpha rhythm of rather fast waves predominating for the first few minutes. This is called stage 1 sleep. For the next half hour or so, as you relax more and more, you will drift down through stage 2 and stage 3 sleep. The lower your stage of sleep, the slower your brain waves will be. Then about 40 to 60 minutes after you lose consciousness you will have reached the deepest sleep of all. Your brain waves will show the large slow waves that are known as the delta rhythm. This is stage 4 sleep.
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2015年12月大学英语四级翻译模拟练习与答案解释翻译题目1、在这个信息爆炸的时代，大学生的阅读习惯变得碎片化、功利化。
一项调查结果显示，许多大学生每日阅读不足1小时，而上网时间却超过了4小时。
现在年轻人喜欢看一些“更实用的”书籍，如考试指导及职业指南。
专家指出，碎片化、功利化阅读削弱了学生的思考以及分析能力。
他们一再强调，学生应多去阅读人文作品以提升自身的审美品位（aesthetic taste）。
表达难点1.第1句中的“大学生的阅读习惯变得碎片化、功利化”如果直译为the reading habit of college students becomes fragmented and utilitarian 则意思传达得不清晰，应转换成“大学生以……方式来阅读”（read in a…manner），以便于理解。
2.第2句中的“每日阅读时间不足1小时，而上网时间却超过了4小时”如果直译为the time for reading is less than one hour every day, while the time online is more than four hours 则表达冗长、生硬，不如译为动词短语read for…, but spend…，这样处理更简洁、更符合英语表达习惯。
3.在倒数第2句中，“能力”的定语“学生的思考以及分析”较长，可将其处理成后置定语，用不定式短语to think and analyze 来表达。
4.在最后一句中“一再强调（某人做某亊）”的常用表达是insist that（sb. do sth.）：“以提升自身的审美品位”表目的，故将其处理成目的状语，译作to develop aesthetic taste of their own.参考译文In an era of information explosion, college students are now reading in a fragmented and utilitarian manner. According to a survey, many college students read for less than an hour every day, but spend more than four hours online daily. Young people nowadays like to read "more practical" books, such as guidance for exams and occupations. Experts pointed out that fragmented and utilitarian reading undermine students' ability to think and analyze. They insist that students read more humanity works to develop aesthetic taste of their own.翻译题目2、俗话说，“到北京，不到长城非好汉，不吃烤鸭（roast duck）真遗憾！”烤鸭是北京的地方风味，已有1600多年的历史。
对于那些想更多地了解中国菜和中国文化习俗的人来说，北京烤鸭就是一个不错的选择。
脆皮（crisp skin）和嫩肉是北京烤鸭的特点。
北京最出名的老字号（centuries-old/time-honored brand）烤鸭店是“全聚德”。
创建于1864年的全聚德备受各国元首、政府官员及国内外游客喜爱。
表达难点1.第1句中的“不到长城非好汉，不吃烤鸭真遗憾！”若逐字对译0ne who fails to Great Wal1 is not a hero and it is a pity if you do not dine on Beijing Roast Duck，则句子显得冗长、生硬。
釆用意译的方法将其表达为 No visit to Beijing is complete if you miss seeing the Great Wall or dining on Beying Roast Duck则更胜一筹，句子结构对称，语言简洁且到位。
2.第2句“烤鸭是北京的地方风味，已有1600多年的历史”原句是并列的两个结构，但为使译文的重点更突出，可将前半句处理成主干(Roast Duck is the local flavor of Beijing)，后半句则处理成伴随状语，用介词短语with a history of over 1，600 years来表达，该部分也可移至句首。
3.第3句中的定语“想更多地了解中国菜和中国文化习俗的”较长，故将其处理成定语从句，译作whowant to learn more about Chinese dishes, cultures and customs.4.最后一句中的定语“创建于1864年的”实表被动意义，故用过去分词短语set up in 1864来表达，因后面句子成分较长，为平衡句子结构，故将其置于句首作状语。
参考译文As a Chinese saying goes, "No visit to Beijing is complete if you miss seeing the Great Wall or dining on Beijing Roast Duck". With a histoiy of over 1,600 years, Roast Duck is the local flavor of Beijing. For those who want to learn more about Chinese dishes, cultures and customs, it is really a good choice. Beijing Roast Duck is characterized by its crisp skin and tender meat. The most well-known centuries-old brand Roast Duck restaurant in Beijing is Quanjude. Set up in 1864, it is much loved by heads of state, government officials and tourists from home and abroad.翻译题目3、中国的重阳节（Double Ninth Festival）由来已久。
人们普遍认为重阳节源于“辟邪”（warding off evil）。
这一天的活动，包括登山、赏菊（chrysanthemum）、喝菊花酒等。
随着时间的推移，它变成了一个庆祝的节日。
这天，家人团聚在一起，也会纪念家族的祖先。
1989年，我国把这一天定为老人节（Seniors' Day），表达我们对老人的尊敬与爱戴，使这个节日在新的历史时期继续发挥文化传承的作用。
表达难点1.第1句中的“由来已久”可用has a long history来表达。
2.第2句中的“人们普遍认为”可以直译为people commonly believe that，但英语更为地道的表达是it is widely believed that，因为根据上下文来看，施动者不言自明，故没必要译出。
3.第5句“这天，家人团聚在一起，也会纪念家族的祖先”，可译成用and引导的并列结构people come together for family reunion and remember their ancestors.4.第6句中的“我国”可直译为our country，但因为此动作属于政府行为，故译成the Chinese government更准确。
“把这一天定为老人节”可套用结构make sth. sth.（使……成为……），故表达为made this day Seniors' Day.因本句较长，结构复杂，宜采取“分译”法，故“使这个节日……”另起一句。
参考译文The Double Ninth Festival in China has a long history. It is widely believed that the festival came from the activities of "warding off evil" on that day, including climbing hills, appreciating chrysanthemums and drinking chrysanthemum wine. Over time it became a day of celebration. On this day, people come together for family reunion and remember their ancestors. In 1989, theChinese govenunent made this day Seniors' Day to show our respect and love to the elder people. This festival, therefore, continues to play a role in carrying on culture in the new era.翻译题目4、智能手机日益渗入人们的生活。
许多年轻人似乎一刻也离不开它。
在大街上，经常可以看到一些年轻人不停地用智能手机拍照，添加一段说明，然后放到微博（microblog）或微信（WeChat）上。
的确，智能手机为人们的沟通提供了前所未有的便利：它让人们能随时随地与朋友互动，分享新鲜事。
但是，相关学者对此也表示了担忧。
因为智能手机反而使身边的人疏远了。
表达难点1.笫1句中的“日益”用副词increasingly来表达，比短语more and more来得精彩。
2.第2句“许多年轻人似乎一刻也离不开它”套用句型比seems that…来表达，更符合英语表达习惯。
3.第3句中的“一些年轻人不停地用智能手机拍照”如果逐字对译为someyoung people can't stop using their smart phones to take pictures，则稍显生涩。
把“不停地”译成 be busy doing sth…“用智能手机”置于句末作状语on their smart phones，符合英语表达习惯。