浙江省2020届高考英语二轮 第22讲 长篇阅读(阅读理解)学案
浙江2020高考英语阅读理解(细节理解)精讲精练
浙江2020高考英语阅读理解（细节理解）精讲精练（附答案）高考英语阅读理解常考点分析阅读理解试题常采用以下四种题型：1. 考查考生快速捕捉信息、处理信息的能力(细节理解题)；2. 考查考生对某个词或词语的理解能力(词义猜测题) ；3. 考查考生对文章主旨大意或段落大意的概括能力(主旨大意题)；4. 考查考生对文章的隐含意义、延伸意义的推理判断能力(推理判断题)。
【细节理解题】Ⅰ. 细节理解题一般可分为：直接信息题、间接信息题和信息综合题。
1. 直接信息题：先看题干，以便在阅读的过程中更快找出相关事实细节。
2. 间接信息题：需结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行简单的概括和判断。
3. 信息综合题：涉及文章中的几句话，而且有时可能散落在文章的不同地方，因此要把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析。
Ⅱ. 正确答案的特点：与原文信息表达手法不同，但所表达的意思相同。
Ⅲ. 干扰项的特点：1. 是原文信息，但与题目要求不符；2. 符合常识，但不符合原文内容；3. 与原文信息极为相似，只是在程度上有些不同；4. 选项中所提供的信息部分正确，部分错误；5. 在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反。
【真题回放一】How did Mr. Plowright let people know what he was doing? Why, he advertised, of course. First he opened a shop and then he put up a sign outside the shop to attract customers. That sign may have been no more than a plow carved into a piece of wood and a simple arrow pointing to the shop door. It was probably all the information people needed to find Mr. Plowright and his really good plows.（2019 浙江卷阅读理解A篇）42. To advertise his plows, Mr. Plowright .A. praised his plows in publicB. placed a sign outside the shopC. hung an arrow pointing to the shopD. showed his products to the customers42. B。
2023届高三英语二轮复习阅读理解观点态度题学案
阅读理解观点态度题补充学案1.常见问法：The author's attitude towards the XXX isWhat is one's attitude to the XXX according to Paragraph XXX?2.错误选项特点：一般来说，人物的态度不会是indifferent(冷漠的、漠不关怀的〕, uncaring/unconcerned(不关怀的〕,casual(任凭的〕,uninterested(不感爱好的〕,carefree(不负责的〕的，由于假如对一个大事漠不关怀、毫不在意，就不会特地撰文。
此外，ambiguous(模糊不清的〕一般也不会成为正确选项，既然表达观点，就是要把观点传递给群众，并不会模棱两可。
类似的词还有：uncertain(不确定的〕、unclear(不明确的〕等。
3.正确选项特点：与原文所传达的人物观点同义替换。
4.解题技巧：①关注出处信息的主观评论词和主观感受表达，如情态动词、形容词和副词，某些时候动词和名词也能传达观点态度；②作者的观点一般在文章尾段，所以题干问到作者观点时，要优先从尾段查找；③依据测试学原理，两个意思对立的选项一般蕴含正确答案；④在涉及正反观点比照的文章中，作者的观点通常是objective(客观的〕,这在高考.四六级和考研的文章中皆如此。
选objective(客观的〕的两种状况：1.文中对某物辩证性的做出正面评价，也作出负面评价；2.没有做出详细评价，仅仅只是客观介绍一个事物及其存在的相关评价。
二者满足一个那么可认为作者态度是客观的。
objective(客观的〕和neutral(中立的〕的区分：不同于objective,neutral仅相当于选objective两种状况中的第2种状况，即：没有做出详细评价，仅仅只是客观介绍一个事物及其存在的相关评价，所以选neutral的概率远低于objective.5.观点态度题选项词汇总结：表示赞同+乐观concerned关怀的appreciative 感谢的，观赏的approval 赞成，成认approving 赞成的confident 自信的，有信念的modest 虚心的，适度的favorable 赞成的，有利的，赞许的，良好的frank坦白的，真诚的，直率的positive 确定的，乐观的，实际的profound 深刻的，意义深远的satisfactory 满足的，满足的supportive支持的，支援的sympathetic 怜悯的admiring 欣赏的rewarding 有回报的tolerance 宽容，容忍tolerant 宽容的，容忍的instructive 有教育意义的humorous 幽默的content 满足的表示否认+消极ambiguous 模棱两可的unwilling 不情愿的= reluctant pessimistic悲观的= permissive depressed 懊丧的= frustrated = gloomy hesitant 迟疑的，不愿的arrogant 高傲的，自大的biased 有偏见的disapproval 不赞成disgust 厌恶，反感doubtful 可疑的，疑心的guilty 有罪的，内疚的harmful 有害的impulsive 冲动的，任性的misleading 令人误会的，引入歧途的negative 否认的，消极的，负的opposed 反对的selfcentered 以自我为中心的/自私的carefree 不关怀的ironic挖苦的= sarcastic =satiric disappointed 绝望的radical 激进的hostile有敌意的worried 闷闷不乐的，焦虑的arbitrary 武断的mocking 嘲讽的表示客观中立impartial 公正的，不偏不倚的neutral 中立的ambiguous 模棱两可的conservative保守的objective 客观的主观词cautious谨慎的curious奇怪的puzzled困惑的，迷惑的=confusedsubjective 主观的intolerant不能容忍的，偏执的critical批判的，挑剔的promising 妥协的dissatisfied 不满足的sensitive 敏感的discontent不满的表疑心不确定questioning 质疑的uncertain 态度不明的=unclear 不确定的skeptical 疑心suspicion 疑心，猜疑真题演练1.(2021新高考一卷〕Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful.The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis(重视〕on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social wellbeing. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers reevaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.What is the author's attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence?A. Favorable.B. Intolerant.C. Doubtful.D. Unclear.2.(2020全国三〕And what does Nick think?" From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I remend it? Yes, I think I would."What is Nick's attitude towards sharing the house with his motherinlaw?A. Positive.B. Carefree.C. Tolerant.D. Unwilling.5.(2011陕西〕As a matter of fact, scientists see better ways to feed the world. Another World Bank report concluded that GM crops have little to offer to the challenges ofworldwide poverty and hunger,because better ways out are available, among which" green" farming is supposed to be the first choice.Which of the following best describes the attitude of the author towards GM technology?A. Optimistic.B. Defensive.C. Disapproving.D. Casual.6.(2015全国二〕When neither of these methods removed the static noise, I would sit helplessly and wait for the noise to go away. At last I ended up hitting the set with my fist, and it stopped working altogether. My trip to the repair shop cost me $62, and the set is working well now, but I keep expecting more trouble.How does the author sound when telling the story?A. Curious.B. Anxious.C. Cautious.D. Humorous.7.(2016四川〕" I have a special love for the French Guianese people. I have worked there on and off for almost ten years," says Gin. "I've been able to keep firm friendships with them. Thus I have been allowed to gain access to their living environment. I don't see it as a lawless land. But rather I see it as an area of freedom."What is Gin's attitude towards the lives of the indigenous Guianese?A. Cautious.B. Doubtful.C. Uninterested.D. Appreciative.27.(2020天津5月〕It's certainly an exciting time for electric flying. With panies like Harbour Air taking the lead, batterypowered planes, especially on shorthaul journeys, are set to bee a reality in the next few years.What is the author's attitude towards the prospect of electric flying?A. Shortsighted.B. Waitandsee.C. Optimistic.D. Skeptical.28.(2021北京〕Only if we discuss the consequences of our biophysical limits, the December warning letter says, can we have the hope to reduce their" speed,severity and harm". And yet messengers of the ing disturbance are likely to be ignored. We all want to hope things will turn out fine. As a poet wrote,Man is a victim of dope(麻醉品〕In the incurable form of hope.As for the public awareness of global collapse, the author is________.A. worried.B. puzzledC. surprisedD. scared32.(2016浙江选考〕More broadly the Wakefield survey suggests that employers may be missing a lowcost way to give workers something of value. Sixtyfour percent of those survey participants who havens worked remotely would rather give up some bonus in order to get even one day a week working from home. Under such circumstances, smartfirms need to find ways to let their employees have enough flexibility to manage their time efficiently.What seems to be most workers' attitude toward remote working?A. Doubtful.B. Favorable.C. Reserved.D. Disapproving.35.(2020北京〕Since the early days of AI, imagination has outpaced what is possible or even probable. In1965, an imaginative mathematician called Irving Good predicted the eventual creation of an"ultraintelligent machine... that can far surpass all the intellectual(智力的〕activities of any man,however clever." Good went on to suggest that" the first ultraintelligent machine" could be" the last invention that man need ever make."As for Irving Good's opinion on ultraintelligent machines, the author is________.A. supportiveB. disapprovingC. fearfulD. uncertain9. 〔2014 重庆〕Fun though all this may sound，it’s still rather messy and better read about in theory than carried out in practice. If you must do it, then keep the water wings handy in case you start to sinkand take a shower afterward!What is the author's attitude toward the idea of humans' walking on water?A. It is risky but beneficial.B. It is interesting and worth trying.C. It is crazy and cannot bee a reality.D. It is impractical though theoretically possible.11.(2008江西〕The flashbulbs of the camera exploded in Nigel's try. The robot bird performed actions so unique and different that the specialist judgments were the same. Nigel was so personal with himself that he did not even notice the girl standing a few feet away from him. Without her, he would never win the petition.What is the author's attitude towards Nigel's actions?A. He is mildly critical.B. He is strongly critical.C. He is in favor of them.D. His attitude is not clear.12.(2008浙江〕Well, I had nothing against feeling great and if Alex could jog every day, anyone could. So I took up jogging seriously and gave it a good two months of my life, and not a day more. Based on my experience, jogging is the most overvalued form of exercise around, and judging from the number of the people who left our neighborhood jogging army, I'm not alone in my opinion.What was the writer's attitude towards jogging in the beginning?A. He felt it was worth a try.B. He was very fond of it.C. He was strongly against it.D. He thought it must be painful.。
2020年高考全国二卷英语阅读理解试题解析之细节理解题的解题策略教学课件
定位关键词：由Abbot Hall art Gallery & Museum定位到第二段；由What定位
到第二句，则可知visitors可以enjoy
Ronney's works..
【优质公开课】2020年高考全国二卷 英语阅 读理解 试题解 析之细 节理解 题的解 题策略 教学课 件-优选 PPT下 载
22. What can visitors do at Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum?
A. Enjoy Ronney's works.
B. Have some interactive fun.
C. Attend a famous festival. D. Learn the history of a family
Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition after controlling for differences in parents’ income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.
2020年浙江省瑞安市第二中学高三英语二模试题及参考答案
2020年浙江省瑞安市第二中学高三英语二模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIf you are sending a text message watching TV or listening to the radio, you may stop and give this your full attention. Multitasking shrinks (使.....萎缩)the brain? research suggests.A study found that men and womenwho frequently used several types of technology at the same time had less grey matter in a key part of the brain. University of Sussex researchers said, " Using mobile phones, laptops and other media devicessimultaneouslycould be changing the structure of our brains."Worryingly, the part of the brain that shrinks is involved in processing emotion. The finding follows research which has linked multitasking with a shortened attention span, depression , anxiety and lower grades at school.The researchers began by asking 75 healthy men and women how often they divided their attention between different types of technology. This could mean sending a text message while listening to music and checking e-mail, or speaking on the phone while watching TV and surfing the Internet. The volunteers were then given brain scans which showed they had less grey matter in a region called the anterior cingu-late cortex (ACC)(前扣带皮层).Scientists have proved that brain structure can be changed on exposure to fresh environments and experience.Other studies have shown that training—such as learning to play magic tricks or taxi drivers' learning the map of London―can increase grey matter densities (密度)in certain parts.Experts have also warned of the harmful impact technology can have on our memory and attention span. The University of California team conducted a survey of more than 18,000 people aged between 18 and 99，and found 20%had problems with memory. Researchers were shocked greatly by the 14 % of 18 to 39-year-old people who also worried about their memories.Multitasking may shorten attention span, making it harder to focus and form memories, the researchers said, adding that youngsters may be particularly affected by stress.1. The underlined word " simultaneously" in Paragraph 2 means "________，"A. on one's ownB. at no timeC. at the same timeD. by accident2. All of the following are possible effects of multitasking EXCEPT________ .A. saving timeB. a shortened attention spanC. lower grades at schoolD. depression and anxiety3. Which ofthe following can be the best title of this passage?A. Media multitasking is becoming more popularB. Multitasking shrinks the brainC. Multitasking may shorten attention spanD. People are worried about their memories.BPaper is an important part of modern life. People use it in school, at work, to make artwork and books, to wrap presents and much more. Trees are the most common material for paper these days.So how do people make paper out of trees today? People first cut trees, load them onto trucks and bring them to a factory. Machines cut open the outer coverings of the trees, and cut the trees into pieces. Those pieces are boiled into a soup. After that, it is hit flat, dried and cut up into sheets of paper.The entire process, from planting a small tree to buying your school notebook, takes a very long time. Just growing the trees takes 10 to 20 years.Making tons of paper from trees can harm the planet. Humans cut down 80, 000 to 160,000 trees around the world every day, and use many of them to make paper. Some of those trees come from tree farms. But people also cut down forests for paper, which means that animals and birds lose their homes.Cutting forests down also contributes to climate change, and paper factories pollute the air. After you throw paper, it often takes the paper six to nine years to break down. That's why recycling is important. It saves a lot of trees, slows climate change and helps protect endangered animals, birds and all creatures that rely on forests for their homes and food.So if paper isn't good for the environment, why don't people write on something else?The answer: They do. With computers, tablets and cellphones, people use much less paper than in the past. Maybe a day will come when we won't use paper at all — or will save it for very special books and artworks.4. What can we know about making paper out of trees?A. It costs much money.B. It takes a lot of time.C. It is very easy and fast.D. It is dangerous and difficult.5. What is the impact of paper production?A. It promotes the recycling.B. It does harm to the environment.C. It slows down the climate change.D. It protects the animals from losing homes.6. How will we use paper someday in the future according to the text?A. Use it for books only.B. Use the recycled paper.C. Treasure it occasionally.D. Use it for artworks.7. What idea does the author want to express from the text?A. The influence of making paper on environment.B. The wonderful experience of making paper.C. The necessary process of making paper.D. The good reasons for making paper.C“Heavy hearts, like heavy clouds in the sky, are best relieved by the letting of a little water, the French writer Antoine de Rivarol wrote. This love letter to the cleansing beauty of a good cry is a comforting thought at atime when the continuing stress of the COVID-19 has added heaviness to each of our lives.Scientifically, de Rivarol's poetic image doesn't, if you'll forgive the words used in the poem, hold water. There's limited research on crying, partly because of the difficulty of copying the behavior of real crying in a lab. But even within the previous studies, there's little evidence to suggest that crying provides a physiological cleansing of poisons in people's body.Psychologists believe the relief of a good cry connects with a different emotional process. “It seems that crying occurs just after the peak of the emotional experience, and crying is associated with this return to homeostasis: the process of maintaining a stable psychological state,” said Lauren Bylsma. He also said holding back tears can have negative physical consequences, including headaches and muscle tension. Such restriction can also limit our experiences of joy, gratitude and other positive emotions if we avoid acknowledging our feelings.For me crying has been easier said than done during the COVID-19. Psychologists say it's normal to feel stopped up by the stresses of the past year. We should find opportunities to release and process our emotions.Watching a tear-jerking movie, having an emotional conversation with a close friend, and writing in a journal are healthy ways toelicita cry. Physical activity like light-footed walking or even dancing can also signal our bodies to release some emotional tightness. We can then open up to the flow of feelings that leave us feeling lighter andrefreshed—like a clear sky after a soaking rain.8. What is the weakness of the studies ever clone on crying?A. They were clone in a laboratory setting.B. They cared little about different forms of crying.C. They were always concentrated on people's daily life.D. They showed little about the positive physical effect of crying.9. What is the function of crying according to Lauren Bylsma?A. Curing people of their diseases.B. Keeping emotionally balanced.C. Producing negative mental results.D. Expanding people's experience of joy.10. What does the underlined word “elicit” in the last paragraph mean?A. Produce.B. Postpone.C. Control.D. Repeat.11. What are people advised to do according to the text?A. Learn to hold back their tears wisely.B. Share their emotion with their colleagues.C. Have a good cry when necessary.D. Try to avoid admitting our feelings.DIf you believe in thermometers (温度计), you should believe in global warming. And if you believe in eating French fries with your hamburger, you should worry more about carbonemission.It won't happen overnight, but as the planet’s climate changes, the growth cycles of main crops will all be heavily affected. Here are three of the crops that might not beat the heat.The potato actually needs a great deal of beauty rest to develop properly. “They need a cool nighttime temperature in order to start growing the tuber, the part that we eat,” Nelson says.Temperature and altitude are two primary concerns in coffee growth, and farmers are stuck between a rock and a hard place. “We know that coffee grows in a certain temperature range,” Nelson says. “They've been moving up the mountains, but at some point you run out of mountains to move up.” Higher-grade strains of Arabica coffee in Central American regions are at particular risk due to the need for lower growing temperature, especially since diseases and pests are also becoming more of a factor as temperatures rise.Even if you're looking at the direct effects of temperature alone, rice is in trouble. “As nighttime temperatures go up, the rice is going to have a problem flowering and won't make as many seeds,” Nelson says. In addition tothis direct heat consequence, rising sea levels will flood many rice paddies and destroy water salinity levels, while droughts will lower production, raise prices, and further shame westerners who are clumsy with chopsticks to be able to clear their plates once a new grain is adopted.12. What is the closest meaning to the underlined word “emission” in Paragraph 1?A. Mixture.B. Pollution.C. Giving off.D. Going down.13. What does the potatoes' development need according to Nelson?A. Cool temperature at night.B. Sudden rise of the temperature.C. Enough water and salt.D. Much sunshine and fresh air.14. The rice is difficult to flower,probably because ________.A. sea levels go up suddenlyB. many seeds can't be producedC. the temperature rises at nightD. both temperature and altitude rise15. What is the best title for the text?A. How Does Global Warming Affect WesternersB. How Does the Cool Temperature Affect RiceC. What Is the Real Reason For Crops’ GrowthD. Three Crops That Won't Survive Climate Changes第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届 二轮复习 阅读理解(科教科普类)原创试题训练学案之八
2020届二轮复习阅读理解（科教科普类）原创试题训练学案之八1、 A large male emperor penguin waddles(蹒跚行走) slowly across the ice to the water. He dives deep into the cold salt water and then springs back onto the ice. Nearby a female penguin sleeps as her baby rests on the top of her feet. The penguins are enjoying another beautiful day of sunshine and freezing temperatures in the Penguin Encounter, a special home built for them in sunny California.The Penguin Encounter is located at SeaWorld in San Diego. It was built to help study the emperor penguin,the largest of all penguins. The emperor penguins’ natural home is in the Antarctic, near the South Pole. Increases in Earth’s temperatures could cause large amounts of ice to break up. Scientists feared that this drastic(剧烈的) change in the environment could destroy the emperor penguins’ nesting areas. This would cause the number of emperor penguins to greatly decrease. A new home for them seemed to be the perfect solution.Scientists wanted to make the Penguin Encounter a comfortable home for the black-and-white feathered birds. A team of scientists was sent to the Antarctic to learn more about the emperor penguins ScientistFrank Todd led the team. Todd is an expert on penguins. He has spent more than 25 years studying them.Getting close to the emperor penguins in the Antarctic wasn’t difficult for the group of scientists. Sometimes they would waddle close to Todd and his team. The scientists concluded that this behavior could be the result of poor eyesight. Penguins are nearsighted, which allows them to see better in the water than on land. Another possible reason for their behavior was that they had little to fear on the ice. Their enemies, such as leopard seals and killer whales,hunt mainly in the water.Todd and his team spent many months studying the diet and social habits of the emperor penguins. It was easy to get close to the penguins, but it wasn't easy to study them.In the Antarctic, the temperature rarely rises above zero degree, which is perfect for penguins, hut not for scientists. Once Todd and his team had finally gathered enough information, they made plans for a new homein California for a number of emperor penguins. Scientists hoped to study the birds in conditions that were more scientist-friendly. When the "new Antarctic" was completed, Todd and his team brought several hundred emperor penguins to California from the Antarctic.1.Which of the following words can replace the underlined word in the first paragraph?A.Moves.B.Jumps.C.Holds.D.Flies.2.Why did scientists need to study penguins in the Antarctic before building the Penguin Encounter?A.They were afraid that the emperor penguins’ homes would be destroyed.B.They wanted the Penguin Encounter just to be like the emperor penguins' natural home.C.They wanted to see how the emperor penguins reacted to the rising temperatures.D.They knew it would take long to gather enough emperor penguins for the Penguin Encounter.3.Why do emperor penguins have little to fear on the ice?A.It is easy to see their enemies on the white ice.B.Their enemies usually hunt in the water.C.They can easily escape on the smooth ice.D.It is too cold for other animals to survive on the ice.4.The passage mainly emphasizes _______.A.scientists working as a team in the AntarcticB.a science team finding a way to stop global wanningC.how to protect the emperor penguins at Sea WorldD.scientists building a special home to learn more about the emperor penguins2、From the moment you open your eyes in the morning, you can feel sweat (汗水)running down your body, even if you're barely moving at all. That's what most people in China felt like this summer. In fact, theentire northern hemisphere(半球)saw high temperatures in July. The Arctic Circle(北极圈) was no exception(例外). Temperatures in the city of Norilsk, which is in the Arctic Circle, reached a record high of 32 ℃, The Atlantic reported. Temperatures there are usually just 10 ℃at this time of the year.The heat wave in the Arctic is mainly a long-term result of global warming, according to the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences. In fact, while the whole world is getting warmer, the Arctic is warming twice as fast as the rest of the planet. This is called the polar amplification effect（极地放大效应）.The most direct impact（影响）of Arctic warming is the melting of Arctic ice. According to NASA, Arctic sea ice is now disappearing at a rate of 13.2 percent every 10 years. NASA said that if this continues, the Arctic will have no ice by the year 2040. This has put some Arctic animals, like polar bears, in danger. The ice that the bears live on has shrunk(缩小), the Toronto Star reported.Melting ice can also cause sea levels to rise in the long term. Since 1993, sea levels have risen at a rate of 3.2 cm every 10 years, the Guardian reported. Some countries, such as Tuvalu（图瓦鲁）in the South Pacific Ocean and Maldives（马尔代夫）in the Indian Ocean, are at risk of disappearing into the sea.1. Which of the following is true?A. Some countries in the ocean will disappear in 10 years.B. China is the hottest in the northern hemisphere this summer.C. The temperatures in Norilsk used to be lower than this summer.D. The world gets warmer because of the heat wave in the Arctic.2. What does the underlined word "this" in the third paragraph refer to?A. The heat wave in the ArcticB. The result of global warmingC. Getting warmer in the worldD. The Arctic getting warm faster3. What may be the result of the melting of Arctic ice?A. The polar will become dangerousB. Sea levels rise in the long termC. There will be an end of water shortageD. There will be no ice in the world by 20404. What is the main idea of this passage?A. Heat hits ArcticB. Arctic animals are in dangerC. The world became hotter than beforeD. Some countries may disappear into the sea3、Why are photos and videos of cats high-fiving suddenly popping up on social media?Ask Jackson Galaxy, who launched Cat Pawsitive last year, a program that encourages animal shelters to teach cats how to do tricks to make them more attractive for adoption.The idea is simple. A kitty that can sit on command or give a high five shows that it can listen to instructions and connect with others. A high five can make a shy cat open up, Galaxy said.“Big life changes c an lead to cats losing their confidence, and we help those cats to feel more confident and to feel safe interacting with new people.” Christie Rogero, program manager for Cat Pawsitive, said.And Stephen Holdeman, training manager at the KC Pet Project,ad ded: “All we need to train a cat to do tricks is the right amount of patience, timing and motivation.” He uses a technique called “operant conditioning (操作性条件反射)”, which associates a cat’s action with getting a reward such as a favorite food or treat.He also uses a clicker—a training device that makes a clicking noise. “In the initial stage, we get the cat used to the idea that when it hears the sound of the clicker, one of its favorite treats appears. After we have bridged these two ideas together we can use the clicker to reinforce different actions the cat does to let it know that if it repeats the action, it will get a treat.”After several repetitions, the cat starts to link everything together. Now all you need to do is let your extended hand be the t arget, and we’ve got a high five.1.According to the text, how can learning tricks benefit cats at animal shelters?A.It is a good way for shelters to raise money.B.It allows them to pick up skills to stay safe.C.It helps them interact more with each other.D.It helps them build confidence and get adopted.2.According to the text, what should be done from the start to train cats to learn tricks?A.Teaching them different actions.B.Teaching them how to use a clicker.C.Making them patient enough to repeat actions.D.Helping them connect the sound of a clicker with treats.3.What does the underlined word “reinforce” in paragraph 6 probably mean?A.recordB.strengthenC.ignoreD.reward4.What is the main purpose of the article?A.To explain how to train cats to perform tricks.B.To show how cats are treated at animal shelters.C.To describe the popularity of cats on social media.D.To inform us of a program that trains cats to do tricks.4、The majority of people on this planet live through ego(自我意识). They feel that they are themselves special, apart from the crowd in some way. Also, they aren't willing to acknowledge other people's specialness, and feel that they are threatened by the people who are different from them.Besides, there are many different 'exclusive clubs' which people join under certain conditions, like Colour of skin clubs, Sports clubs, and so on. What many people fail to acknowledge, however, is that there is in fact only one club The Human Being club.Our diversity is what makes life interesting. I love watching people who dance or create music beautifully, draw out emotions through their acting skills, or are accomplished athletes. I also understand myself well enough to know that I don't have enough passion for any of these things to make the sacrifices necessary to come close to their level of excellence.I believe that it is human nature to communicate and cooperate with people who are like us, but what a lot of people see as 'like us' is narrowed down to very superficial(表面) characteristics. I remember my Jamaican friend's sister being most put out. She had been the only black woman in her company and then another black woman was employed.They were automatically put to work together because they were both black and obviously had a lot in common - so thought the employer! The truth was that they had nothing in common, didn't come from the same country and actively disliked each other. It's always a mistake to assume anything on a purely superficial basis.I have many friends who are members of a variety of the above mentioned clubs and each one of them has taught me so much about different cultures and life styles, and has enriched my life in the process. I encourage anyone to strike up a conversation with someone who doesn't look like them - you might be surprised at exactly how much you have in common.1.According to the first two paragraphs people tend to _________.A.feel they are specialB.feel they are lack of egoC.admit others are specialD.admit only one club exist2.How is the Paragraph 3 mainly developed?A.By analyzing causes.B.By setting an example.C.By giving a description.D.By making comparisons.3.The author mentioned his Jamaican friend’s sister to show ___________.A.black women have a lot in common indeedB.it is humannature to cooperate with peopleC.people understand “like us” in a narrow wayD.people often make mistakes in judging others4.What does the author advise people to do in the last paragraph?A.To enrich their own life.B.To join an exclusive club.C.To talk to different people.D.To experience different life.5、People generally like to feel happy, but achieving a state of happiness takes time and effort. Aekyoung Kim of Rutgers University in the U.S. and Sam Maglio of the University of Toronto Scarborough in Canada have conducted four studies in which they studied how the pursuit of happiness as well as the state of being happy influenced people’s perception (看法) of time.In the studies, some participants were either instructed to list things that would make them happier or asked to try to make themselves feel happy while watching a boring movie about building bridges, thus showing happiness as a goal to pursue. The other participants came to think of happiness as a goal that they had already accomplished, achieved by watching a comedy or listing things showing that they were already happy. Afterwards, all participants reported how much free time they felt they had.The researchers’ main finding showed that a person’s perception of time scarcity (缺乏) is influenced by their pursuit of (often unattainable)happiness. The feeling that time was scarce became less strong for participants who said that they had attained their goal of being happy to some degree.“Time seems to disappear during the pursuit of happin ess, but only when it’s seen as a goal requiring continued pursuit,” explain the researchers. “This finding suggests that the pursuit of happiness can destroy well-being.” According to the researchers, the finding implies that while happiness can hurt positive emotions, it need not necessarily do so. Instead, if someone believes they have achieved happiness, they are left with the time to appreciate this. The research further explains that people have different concepts about happiness, which in turn may well influence how they perceive the time they have to achieve happiness.“Because going through experiences and sharing feelings require more time compared with only, for example, buying material goods, feeling that time is lacking also leads people to prefer material possessions rather than enjoying pleasant experiences,” the researchers continue. “Encouraging people to worry less about pursuing happiness as a never-ending goal might just end up giving them more time and, in turn, more happiness.”1.The tasks given to the two groups of participants differ in __________.A.how they spent their free timeB.how they drew up shopping listsC.what kind of movies interested themD.whether theyhad acquired happiness2.We can infer from the finding in Paragraph 4 that __________.A.happiness is determined by timeB.happiness is a matter of choiceC.happiness is a never-ending goalD.happiness can hurt positive emotions3.Which of the following would be the best title of the text?A.Will time-saving tasks make you happier?B.Is emotion management training necessary?C.Can pursuing happiness make you unhappy?D.Should you express your unhappiness in hard times?6、A culture's values can be mirrored by its humor.Humor has been evaluated by many great minds such as Thomas Hobbes,who disliked humor,"Laughter is nothing else but sudden glory arising from some sudden thought of feeling far better than others."He thought humor to be a negative quality of human narrow-mindedness.However, Mordechai Gordon,PhD of Education,insists,"Humor allows us to view the world from an angle that is amusing rather than serious."I agree with Gordon.Learning to look at the world through humour is important.In the United States,every four years an election occurs.Without humor as a way to express their feelings,how else would Americans keep from clawing their eyes out and going the way of lemming? Televisionshows like“The Daily Show”have become important parts of American culture.They are mothering the masses by metaphorically airplane-ing politics into our mouths.They make politics fun.Of course,politics is only one type of humor.Social humor helps people through the twists andturns of the human condition.American pop culture promotes an unhealthy self-image.On the topic of self-image,Hari Kondabolu stands out.He has a joke about the popular musical group“The Pussycat Dolls”,describing their hit song"Don't Cha”as a negative representation of women.He points out an obvious offence in American culture.A study from Loyola University of Maryland has shown that humor is one determining factor for selecting a mating partner.Amongst other things,mates look for an outstanding funny bone in apotential partner.Of course,humor is not always used for good purposes.Humor can be linked to vulgarity and racism,but,like everything else,it has potential to unite human beings by allowing us to laugh at ourselves,our failures and our connection with one another.Though life may seem tough and depressing at times,all I have to do is look in the mirror at my increased wrinkles to know that there is a comedy out there that even Chaplin wasn't aware of.With that in mind,remember to laugh with humanity and sometimes at humanity.1.Hobbes believed that humor___________.A.was only a way to laugh at others to make oneself feel betterB.resulted in narrow-mindedness of human beingsC.had the power to mirror personal glory and national valuesD.was for people to view the world from another angle2.What is the author's attitude towards political humor?A.Worried.B.Disappointed.C.Curious.D.Appreciative.3.The fourth paragraph is developed mainlyA.by exampleB.by processC.by comparisonD.by classification4.What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?A.Chaplin wasn't aware of being laughed at.B.The author feels helpless and sad about getting older.C.Never be the one who laughs at other people.D.The author is determined to face life with a sense of humor.7、Sharks use their good sense of smell to search for prey(猎物). But a new study shows that the rising levels of carbon dioxide in the ocean could reduce sharks' ability to find food. It's bad news for a healthy ocean. Sharks are top predators(掠食动物) and are like the ocean’s weed controllers.Dixson works at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Massachusetts. Her earlier work has shown that clown fish inacidifying(酸化的) water act strangely. “We want to expand this research to sharks because we know how important it is for sharks to find their food through their sense of smell," said Dixson.Her team started by placing sharks in each of three different pools for five days. Each pool had a different level of carbon dioxide in it. The first had the same amount as today s ocean water. The second had a level of carbon dioxide that scientists expect to reach by 2050. The third pool had the highest level of carbon dioxide that could develop by the year 2100.Sharks weren't allowed to eat any food while in the pools. This made sure that they would be hungry. Then, Dixson released the sharks—one at a time—into a pool with two side-by-side streams of flowing water. In one stream, the researchers pumped water, in which a dead squid had been overnight. This water smelled strongly of squid. The other stream contained ocean water with no scent(气味). Because each stream flowed at the same rate and in the same direction, the squid smell stayed in its stream. The sharks could choose to swim in either stream.Sharks that had been swimming for five days in pools of regular ocean water spent more than 60 percent of their time in the squid-scented stream. The same was true for sharks that had been in water with the carbon dioxide level that could develop by the year 2050. But sharks exposed tothe highest level of carbon dioxide spent just 15 percent of their time in the squid-scented stream.1.Why did the writer mention the sharks’ smell at the beginning of the passage?A.Because the writer appreciates its ability to find food.B.Because the writer considers it dangerous to human beings.C.Because the writer intends to show how to control weed in the ocean.D.Because the writer worries about the sharks in the ocean.2.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A.What the ocean in the future will be like.B.Who helped Dixson conduct the study.C.What kinds of pools were used during the study.D.What the levels of carbon dioxide will be at in the ocean in the future.3.The researchers pumped water where a dead squid had been overnight to _________.A.help the sharks look for foodB.test the sharks’ sense of smellC.prove that sharks like eating squidsD.explain why carbon dioxide in the ocean affects sharks4.What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph suggest?A.Sharks like the squid-scented stream better.B.Sharks like the stream with the high level of carbon dioxide.C.Sharks spent 15% of their time in the squid-scented stream.D.The high level of carbon dioxide can affect the sharks’ ability to smell.8、 Today, many people use plants from other places to design their yards. Well, do they have any influence on animals living nearby? As we know, plants supply food for things like insects and plant-eating animals. In turn, birds and meat-eating animals feed on these insects andplant-eating animals. It is easy to see how important plants are.Although foreign plants may look beautiful, they can cause problems when there are too many of them. I live in Virginia, USA, and sometimes see a plant—commonly known as Kudzu —that seems to cover everything in the area, even climbing over whole trees and houses.Kudzu is an unbelievable plant since it grows very fast. It was first brought to the United States from south-east Asia around the 1870’s as a crop that farmers could grow. However, Kudzu quickly came to be considered harmful throughout the southern United States.Since Kudzu grows fast in many different environments, it can completely cover areas of land quickly. The plant is also not eaten by any insects or birds in the United States so it can grow unchecked. Kudzu can cover trees, bushes, and even houses. It costs the United States 500 million dollars a year to just keep Kudzu from growing too fast. The plant is a perfect example of what scientists call an invasive (侵略性的) species, which grows more quickly than other native plants.All foreign plants have the possibility to spread quickly. Not only are they costly, but planting them in gardens actually takes away food from insects. If everyone filled their garden with plants native to where they live, many lovely butterflies and other native creatures would be attracted to their backyards! So, take a look out of your window — how does your garden grow?1.We can learn from the text that Kudzu in Virginia _______.A.is very popularB.is difficult to growC.can cause big troubleD.can make air cleaner2.Which of the following is TRUE of Kudzu?A.It served as food at first in America.B.It came to America in the early 19th century.C.It grows fast in Asia, but slowly in America.D.It is often eaten by insects or birds in America.3.How does the author sound when telling of these foreign plants?A.Sad.B.Worried.C.Proud.D.Excited.4.What does the author mainly discuss in the text?A.Everyone should learn to love nature.B.It is a hard job to grow plants in yards.C.Gardening has become a serious hobby.D.It is important to say no to foreign plants.9、If you have ever had a cat, or have watched one of the many funny cat videos online, you’ll know that cats have a mind of their own. A lot of the things they do are hard to understand—they like to climb up tall furniture, fit themselves in small spaces and attack small objects for no reason at all.Now scientists have managed to figure out what exactly is going on in the brains of our little friends. According to Tony Buffington, a professor at Ohio State University in the US, cats’ strange behavior largely comes from their way of life back in the wild. “Cats today still have many of the same instincts(本能) that allowed them to live in the wild for millions of years.” he said in a TED Talk. “To them, our homes are thei r jungles.”In the wild, cats are hunters. Their bodies and great balancing abilities allow them to climb to high spots to better look at the environment. Even though they don’t have to hunt anymore in human houses, they still keep the old habit of viewing the living room from, for example, the top of the refrigerator.Cats’ hunting instinct is also what makes them attack small things like keys and USB drives. In the wild, they hunt whatever they can get, and most of the animals they kill are small.However, cats can also be prey. This explains why they like to stay in small spaces like drawers or washing machines—they are hiding, or theythink they are hiding, from more dangerous animals. This is also why cats prefer a clean box: a smelly one could easily show enemies where they are.Knowing how cats’ minds work is not only useful for better understanding them. It may also help cats’ owners to better meet cats’ needs. For example, owners could try to make climbing easier for cats by moving their furniture ar ound. They could also use “food puzzles” to make eating feel more like hunting instead of just giving food to the cats.1.According to Tony Buffington, .A.cats’ strange behavior is hard for people to understandB.cats are more used to living in the wild than in humans’ homesC.cats behave strangely mainly because of some instincts in the wildD.cats’ instincts are as helpful to them today as they were millions of year ago2.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?A.Cats like to climb up high because they want to hide from dangerous animalsB.Cats attack keys and USB drives because they have a habit of hunting small animalsC.Cats enjoy staying in small spaces because they usually live in small caves in the wildD.Cats’ preference for a clean box probably has something to do withtheir hunting instincts3.The underlined word “prey” in Paragraph 5 probably means .A.an animal that is too lazyB.an animal that likes hiding gamesC.an animal that keeps itself cleanD.an animal that is hunted4.This article is mainly written to .A.explore the reasons behind cats’ strange behaviorB.describe cats’ past wild experience to readersC.tell cat owners how to make life easier for catspare cats’ beh avior in human homes with that in the wild10、Runners who encounter visual and auditory(听觉的) distractions may be more likely to suffer leg injuries, according to research by the Association of Academic Physiatrists in Las Vegas. Runners often seek distractions from the task at hand. Whether it is music, texting, daydreaming, taking in the sights,or propping a book up on the treadmill(跑步机),more often than not a distraction is welcome. But, researchers from the University of Florida have recently discovered that those distractions may lead to injury.Daniel Herman, MD, assistant professor at the University of Florida, and his team conducted research on the effects of visual and auditory distractions on 14 runners to determine what effect these distractions would have on things such as the heart rate, how many times a runner breathes per minute and how much oxygen is consumed by the body.The runners were all injury-free at the time of the study and ran 31 miles each week. Dr. Herman^ team had each participant run on a treadmill three separate times. The first time was without any distractions. The second time added a visual distraction, during which the runners concentrated on2 a screen displaying different letters in different colors with the runners having to notice when a specific letter-color combination appeared. The third time added an auditory distraction similar to the visual distraction, with the runners having to notice when a particular word was spoken by a particular voice.When compared to running without distractions, the participants had faster application of force to their left and right legs, called the loading rate, with auditory and visual distractions. They also experienced an increased amount of force from the ground on both legs, called ground reaction force, with auditory distractions. Finally, the runners tended to breathe heavier and had higher heart rates with visual and auditory distractions than without any distractions at all.“ Running in environments with different distractions may unfavorably affect running performance and injury risk," explains Dr. Herman. "Sometimes these things cannot be avoided, but you may be able to minimize potentially cumulative(累积的) effects. For example,when running a new route in a chaotic environment such as。
浙江省杭州市2020高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解(基础)演练(2)
浙江（杭州市）2020高考英语阅读理解二轮（基础）演练（2）【2020模拟题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Winter Vinecki began running at age five, but got serious in 2020 after her father died of cancer —that’s when she decided to honor his memory by running a marathon on every continent before her 15th birthday.Scope: Team Winter is an organization you founded to raise money for cancer research. How did it get started?Winter: At first, Team Winter was formed to fight childhood obesity. When I was 8, I ran a race and raised $1,100 for that cause. But less than a year later, my dad got cancer. I knew I had to do something to help. When I started, my goal was to raise $10,000. I’ve raised well past that —almost $500,000. Scope: What goes through your mind when you run?Winter: When I’m having a hard time during a race, I think about my dad. If he could deal with the pain of cancer, I can deal with any type of pain. He was a very friendly person. He was always smiling and very happy even when he had cancer.Scope: Is your age ever an obstacle in your races?Winter: I’ve been turned down by race directors who won’t let anyone younger than 16 or 18 compete. But Diana Nyad, the first person to swim from Cubato Florida without a shark cage, told me, “Never let them tell you it can’t be d one.” From then on I knew my age wasn’t the problem.Scope: You’ve probably inspired lots of people too.Winter: I’ve heard about kids doing projects like me. Once in a restaurant, a boy came up to my mom and me and told us his dad had cancer too. Now he’s competing in running for his dad. Hearing stories like that helps keep me going.1. What do we know about Team Winter?A. It always holds different races.B. Its final goal is to raise $500,000.C. It was named after Winter’s father.D. It was to help obese children at first.2. When Winter has a hard time during a race, what keeps her going?A. Her father’s illness.B. Her father’s success.C. Her father’s bravery.D. Her father’s kindness.3. Winter’s words in the last paragraph tell us that _____.A. she sets a good example for othersB. she hopes others will do what she doesC. the boy wants to join Team WinterD. the boy invites her to compete with him(个人情况)本文是应用文。
2022浙江高考英语二轮专项总复习学案--第22讲长篇阅读
2022浙江高考英语二轮专项总复习学案--第22讲长篇阅读第22 讲长篇阅读2011年浙江省高考英语卷阅读明白得部分首次显现了篇幅超过800词的阅读材料，专门多学生对这一新变化感到焦虑和紧张。
事实上，作为差不多有一定英语阅读基础的高中生，没必要对长篇阅读材料产生惧怕心理。
阅读之前先放下畏难畏长的不良心理因素，阅读过程中带着耐心并结合如下一些解题技巧，就能够保证长篇文章明白得的准确性。
(1)阅读前先审题干、读选项这是阅读明白得的差不多技巧，在阅读长文章时其作用更明显。
因为长文章信息量大，阅读时专门容易看了后面忘了前面，而题干中含有命题的意图、问题的指向、答题的要求等，事先审读有利于阅读时抓住要紧信息，减少回读次数，节约答题时刻。
事先细读选项则有助于边阅读文章边作出鉴别，排除错误选项。
(2)抓住文章中心主线，增强语篇意识。
阅读材料篇幅变长，文章内容就会更充实，层次更多，考生专门容易迷失阅读主方向。
因此考生要围绕着文章话题，理出主线索，然后再层层展开阅读文章各个段落内容。
(3)对长篇阅读文章明白得的检测依旧以细节明白得题、主旨大意题、推理判定题、词(句)义推测题等形式，这些题型考生不生疏，关键依旧要从词汇明白得、篇章结构、逻辑线索、作者情感、文化背景、题目设问细节查找、推导概括等方面加大语篇能力训练并关注长篇文章题眼的挖掘深度和题目的设问方式，在复习过程中适当进行限时阅读。
【答案及解析】50. D第二段中显现了两类人，一类人受到好的服务会跟其他12人讲，而受到差的服务的人就会跟20个人说，因此受到好的服务的顾客会提升公司业绩。
51. C该词组的字面意思是“手机的愤慨”，专门多学生会选择A，然而看后文说了专门多关于手机服务受阻的情形，引起了顾客专门多的埋怨，因此让商家明白，对顾客中意变得越来越急需。
因此做此类题时要挖掘深层次的含义。
52. C A答案专门有困惑性，因为文中显现always returning calls，然而这儿是回，而不是主动打；B也有显现，然而商家送更多的购物券作为“thank you note”的代名词，也不对；D promising more, 而文中是underpromising，因此选择C, 确实是此段括号部分的说明。
2020年7月浙江省高考读后续写精讲课件(22张)
▪ As Elli and I cooked dinner, a young male polar bear who was playing in a nearby lake sniffed and smelled our garlic bread.
▪ The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp, which was surrounded by a high wire fence. He pulled and bit the wire. He stood on his back legs and pushed at the wooden fence posts.
▪ Elli and I feared the fence wouldn’t last through 30 more minutes of the bear’s punishment. The camp manager suggested I use pepper spray. The spray burns the bears’ eyes, but doesn’t hurt them.
2020届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解之细节理解题学案(江苏专用)
细节理解题[学生用书P143(单独成册)](建议用时：25分钟)A(2019·盐城高三二模)Born in the State of New York on May 14th,1984, Mark Zuckerberg was an instant success. In his high school years, hewas considered one of top students in the class, before moving into the arts,sciences, and literature, again picking up high marks and receivingacademic praise. It earned him admission to Harvard University.As a rebellious yet relatively quiet student, he created a website called Facemash in the university—an instantly controversial website that encouraged students to rate each other based on appearance.The site was controversial for several reasons. The first was its illegal use of photographs, which the university and students took issue with. The second was its controversial nature—not every student likes being ranked based on their appearance. The third was its huge resource use—while it was hosted on Harvard servers, it was the most popular page in the university’s entire network.Zuckerberg was soon forced to shut the site down, but its popularity and controversy had made him consider its future potential. He soon turned the simple site into a personal one for Harvard students, encouraging them to network with their peers at the college. It was then, together with his two friends, that they launched “The Facebook”，which immediately spread toother colleges and grew into a public service that anyone could access in the United States, whether to network with friends and family, or to play games.The company has been criticized frequently, nevertheless, Zuckerberg has remained true to his initial vision—to create a website that the entire world can use to communicate openly and easily with one another and to keep the user experience clean and pure. The end result is one of the world’s biggest online businesses.Although its true value is debatable, it’s safe to say that Facebook, and its creator Mark Zuckerberg, are two of the twentyfirst century’s most influential, controversial, and potentially powerful figures.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。
浙江2020高考英语阅读理解(细节理解)精讲精练
浙江2020高考英语阅读理解（细节理解）精讲精练（附答案）高考英语阅读理解常考点分析阅读理解试题常采用以下四种题型：1. 考查考生快速捕捉信息、处理信息的能力(细节理解题)；2. 考查考生对某个词或词语的理解能力(词义猜测题) ；3. 考查考生对文章主旨大意或段落大意的概括能力(主旨大意题)；4. 考查考生对文章的隐含意义、延伸意义的推理判断能力(推理判断题)。
【细节理解题】Ⅰ. 细节理解题一般可分为：直接信息题、间接信息题和信息综合题。
1. 直接信息题：先看题干，以便在阅读的过程中更快找出相关事实细节。
2. 间接信息题：需结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行简单的概括和判断。
3. 信息综合题：涉及文章中的几句话，而且有时可能散落在文章的不同地方，因此要把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析。
Ⅱ. 正确答案的特点：与原文信息表达手法不同，但所表达的意思相同。
Ⅲ. 干扰项的特点：1. 是原文信息，但与题目要求不符；2. 符合常识，但不符合原文内容；3. 与原文信息极为相似，只是在程度上有些不同；4. 选项中所提供的信息部分正确，部分错误；5. 在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反。
【真题回放一】How did Mr. Plowright let people know what he was doing? Why, he advertised, of course. First he opened a shop and then he put up a sign outside the shop to attract customers. That sign may have been no more than a plow carved into a piece of wood and a simple arrow pointing to the shop door. It was probably all the information people needed to find Mr. Plowright and his really good plows.（2019 浙江卷阅读理解A篇）42. To advertise his plows, Mr. Plowright .A. praised his plows in publicB. placed a sign outside the shopC. hung an arrow pointing to the shopD. showed his products to the customers42. B。
2020年浙江省高三年级第二次模拟考试英语(带解析)
2020年浙江省高三年级第二次模拟考试英语试卷阅读理解(分两节，共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)阅读下面短文，并根据短文后的要求答题。
Do kids need rules, or is it more important for them to find out on their own what works and what doesn't work? It all depends on what the rules are supposed to accomplish. My feeling is that the most effective rules are the ones that will help students now and in the future. The school and parents should avoid rules that have no long-term value and make rules that help students focus on the future.__1__For example, unreasonable dress and grooming(修饰) codes are particularly annoying. What lasting benefit do they have? Boys have been sent home for wearing their hair too long. What is gained by regulating hairstyles? It seems to me that learning about appropriate grooming is something that students can safely learn on their own. It won't really ruin a person's life to look back at a yearbook picture in 10 years and laugh at the hairstyles.On the other hand, most students respect rules and requirements that help them stay focused on the future. It seems that every day the world gets more confused about what's important, so it's definitely useful to have a few guidelines for staying on track. Students may complain about having to take required courses(especially the ones they don't like), reading books during summer vacation, and doing community service, but at least they can see that there are clear reasons for these requirements. __2__My own lesson in rules happened when I was in eighth grade. Because I got all C's on my firstquarter report card, Dad said that I was limited to one hour of TV on school nights. Of course, I was upset and said my freedom was being taken away. Dad stood firm, and my grades improved dramatically. __3__ I probably wouldn't have come up with the TV rule on my own, and as a result, my life may have been much different.I realize that people who come up with rules mean well. They, too, are trying to remove distractions and smooth the way to success for students. __4__ Good intentions don't always make good rules.第一节根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D和E中选出最适合填入短文空白处的选项。
2020年浙江卷高考英语阅读题真题解析
2020年浙江卷高考英语阅读题真题解析在2020年浙江卷高考英语考试阅读题中，各位考生需要仔细阅读并解析所给材料。
下面将对其中的阅读题进行详细解析，帮助大家更好地理解题意并正确作答。
第一篇阅读理解本篇材料是一篇关于环境保护方面的文章，主要讲述了全球变暖和冰川消融的问题。
题目1：根据文中内容，冰川的消融主要是因为什么？解析：根据第一段第二句"It is now widely accepted that global warming is the main cause of the glacial retreat."可知，冰川的消融主要是因为全球变暖。
题目2：根据文中内容，冰川消融的结果可能会导致什么？解析：根据第一段最后一句"Together with global warming, the retreating glaciers could raise the sea level and have other serious impacts on the environment."可知，冰川消融的结果可能会导致海平面上升以及对环境造成其他严重影响。
第二篇阅读理解本篇材料是一篇关于网络安全的短文，介绍了互联网骗局的多样性和对个人隐私的威胁。
题目1：根据文中内容，互联网骗局的多样性主要是因为什么？解析：根据第二段第一句"The ever-developing Internet has also given rise to various online scams."可知，互联网骗局的多样性主要是因为互联网的迅猛发展。
题目2：根据文中内容，互联网骗局对个人隐私的威胁主要体现在哪些方面？解析：根据第三段倒数第二句"Online scams can range from stealing personal information to hacking into bank accounts."可知，互联网骗局对个人隐私的威胁主要体现在窃取个人信息和攻击银行账户等方面。
阅读理解(教学案)-2020年高考英语二轮复习精品资料Word版含解析
高中英语教学大纲明确规定“侧重提高阅读能力”，这为我们的备考指明了方向。
分析近几年的高考英语试题，我们不难看出，阅读理解是高考试题中难度最大，区分度最高的题型，自始至终占据着主导地位。
阅读理解能力属于语言的领会技能，它不仅考查对语篇的整体把握能力，而且考查快速捕捉信息、准确理解特定细节以及复杂句子的能力。
不仅要准确理解文章表层的意思，还要通过表层去推理、判断。
除此之外，还涉及非语言因素，如：对所学语言国家的社会和文化背景知识的掌握、生活常识、逻辑知识和语言修养等。
Ⅰ.阅读理解题策略一、先看题干，带着问题读文章。
即先看试题，再读文章。
阅读题干，首先要掌握问题的类型，分清是客观信息题还是主观判断题。
其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。
二、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
近几年的高考阅读速度大约是每分钟40词左右。
必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
速读全文对于主旨大意题的解决尤其有效，能快速抓住主干，确定好答案。
三、详读细节，理顺思路与文章脉络。
文章绝不是互不相干的句子的堆砌。
作者为文，有脉可循。
如记叙文多以人物为中心，以时间或空间为线索，按事件的发生、发展、结局展开故事；议论文则包含论点、论据、结论三大要素，通过解释、举例来阐述观点。
四、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
深层理解主要包括归纳概括题(中心思想，加标题等)和推理判断题，是阅读理解中的难点。
深层理解是一种创造性的思维活动。
它必须忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据，立足已知推断未知，不能凭空想像，随意揣测；读者要对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。
推理题在提问中常用的词有：conclude，infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
2020版新高考英语二轮复习 浙京津鲁琼版(课件+讲义)专题二 阅读理解第二节三
二、解题技巧 1.文体特点推意图 (1)记叙文：一般会在首段或尾段出现高度概括的总结性语言，且往往有一定的 哲理性，所有的叙述都是围绕该哲理展开的。 (2)应用文：文章中有对某种物品或服务的详尽介绍，使用具有明显支持倾向的 语言。 (3)说明文：推断作者的写作目的在于对文章主旨的把握，阅读时需要找准主题句。 (4)议论文：提出论点——进行论证——得出结论，作者的意图往往隐含于最后 一部分中。
专题二 阅读理解
第二节 推理判断题
三、写作意图题
真题感悟 名师点津
随堂限时练
PART 1
真题感悟
(2019·天津，D) Would you BET on the future of this man？He is 53 years old.Most of his
adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune.A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning，and he has often been in prison.Driven by heaven-knows-what motives，he determines to write a book.
√D.Lose the interest to continue learning.
解析 词义猜测题。根据语境并结合画线短语所在句可知，人们在还没到达人 生的终点之前就失去了继续学习的兴趣。故选D项。
53.What could be inferred from Paragraph 4? A.Those who dare to try often get themselves trapped. B.Those who tend to think back can hardly go ahead.
2020届二轮复习 阅读理解专题话题训练学案十二： 饮食
2020届二轮复习阅读理解专题话题训练学案十二：饮食Part A ReadingPassage 1题材:饮食与居室词数:304建议时间:7分钟Your house may have an effect on your figure.Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off.You can make your environment work for you instead of against you.Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.Open the curtains and turn up the lights.Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating,for people are often less self-conscious(难为情)when they’re in poorly lit places—and so more likely to eat lots of food.If your home doesn’t have enough window light,get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.Mind the colors.Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites.In one study,people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room.Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing,while cold colors make us feel less hungry.So when it’s time to repaint,go blue.Don’t forget the clock—or the radio.People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories(卡路里)per meal than those who rushthrough their meals.Begin keeping track of the time,and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes.And while you’re at it,actually sit down to eat.If you need some help slowing down,turn on relaxing music.It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.Downsize the dishes.Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat.We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10-inch plate.When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one,total intake(摄入)jumps by 14 percent.And we’ll pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short,wide glass than a tall,skinny glass.1.The text is especially helpful for those who care about.A.their home comfortsB.their body shapeC.house buyingD.healthy diets2.A home environment in blue can help people.A.digest food betterB.reduce food intakeC.burn more caloriesD.regain their appetites3.What are people advised to do at mealtimes?A.Eat quickly.B.Play fast music.e smaller spoons.D.Turn down the lights.4.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Is Your House Making You Fat?B.Ways of Serving DinnerC.Effects of Self-ConsciousnessD.Is Your Home Environment Relaxing?Passage 2题材:社会文化词数:270建议时间:6分钟Food serves as a form of communication in two fundamental ways.Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust.Food can also have a specific meaning,and play a significant role in a family o r culture’s celebrations or traditions.The foods we eat—and when and how we eat them—are often unique to a particular culture or may even differ between rural(农村的)and urban areas within one country.Sharing bread,whether during a special occasion(时刻)or at the family dinner table,is a common symbol of togetherness.Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with cakes that are cut and shared among the guests.Early forms of cake were simply a kind of bread,so this tradition has its roots in the custom of sharing bread.Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations.In the southern United States,pieces of corn bread represent blocks of gold for prosperity(兴旺)in the New Year.In Greece,people share a special cake called vasilopita.A coin is put into the cake,which signifies(预示)success in the New Year for the person who receives it.Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child,andfood can play a significant role.In China,when a baby is one month old,families name and welcome their child in a celebration that includes giving red-colored eggs to guests.In many cultures,round foods such as grapes,bread,and moon cakes are eaten at welcome celebrations to represent family unity.Nutrition is necessary for life,so it is not surprising that food is such an important part of different cultures around the world.1.According to the passage,sharing bread.A.indicates a lack of foodB.can help to develop unityC.is a custom unique to rural areasD.has its roots in birthday celebrations2.What does the coin in vasilopita signify for its receiver in the New Year?A.Trust.B.Success.C.Health.D.Togetherness.3.The author explains the role of food in celebrations by.ing examplesB.making comparisonsC.analyzing causesD.describing processes4.What is the passage mainly about?A.The custom of sharing food.B.The specific meaning of food.C.The role of food in ceremonies.D.The importance of food in culture.Part B Writing一、话题语料积累1.话题词汇积累①[kɔːn]n.玉米,谷物②[biːn]n.豆子,豆科植物③[wiːt]n.小麦④[ɡreɪn]n.谷物,粮食⑤[raɪs]n.水稻,大米,米饭⑥[keɪk]n.蛋糕⑦[ˈnuːdl]n.面条⑧[təʊst]n.吐司面包⑨[bred]n.面包⑩[ˈbɪskɪt]n.饼干[ˈkʊki]n.小甜饼[miːt]n.(供食用的)肉[ˈbeɪkən]n.咸猪肉,熏猪肉[biːf]n.牛肉[ˈtʃɪkɪn]n.鸡;鸡肉[dʌk]n.鸭;鸭肉[ɡuːs]n.鹅;鹅肉[hæm]n.火腿[ˈsɒsɪdʒ]n.香肠,腊肠[steɪk]n.牛排,鱼排[dʒuːs]n.果汁;肉汁[ˈælkəhɒl]n.酒精;酒[waɪn]n.葡萄酒[ˈkɒfi]n.咖啡[fruːt]n.水果[deɪt]n.椰枣[ɡreɪp]n.葡萄[ˈlemən]n.柠檬[nʌt]n.坚果[ˈpaɪnæpl]n.菠萝[ˈkærət]n.胡萝卜[ˈeɡplɑːnt]n.茄子[ˈɡɑːlɪk]n.大蒜[ˈkæbɪdʒ]n.甘蓝[ˈpɒrɪdʒ]n.麦片粥[dʒæm]n.果酱[ˈvɪnɪɡə(r)]n.醋[ˈbʌtə]n.黄油,牛油[ˈdʌmplɪŋ]n.饺子[ˈhæmbɜːɡə]n.汉堡包[paɪ]n.馅饼[ˈsænwɪdʒ;ˈsænwɪtʃ]n.三明治[ˈpɒpkɔːn]n.爆米花[ˈkʊkə(r)]n.炊具[fɔːk]n.餐叉[spuːn]n.调羹2.话题佳句积累①An apple a day (keep) the doctor away.一天一个苹果,医生远离我。
2022浙江省高考英语二轮专项：阅读理解(人物传记类)(1)(解析)
2022浙江省高考英语二轮专项：阅读理解（人物传记类）（1）（解析）C1 人物传记类C1[2020·上海卷](A)Phil White has just returned from an 18,000-mile, around-the-world bicycle trip. White had two reasons for making this epic journey. First of all, he wanted to use the trip to raise money for charity, which he did. He raised ￡70,000 for the British charity, Oxfam. White's second reason for making the trip was to break the world record and become the fastest person to cycle around the world. He is still waiting to find out if he has broken the record or not.White set off from Trafalgar Square, in London, on 19th June 2004 and was back 299 days later. He spent more than 1,300 hours in the saddle (车座) and destroyed four sets of tyres and three bike chains. He had the adventure of his life crossing Europe, the Middle East, India, Asia, Australia, New Zealand and the Americas. Amazingly, he did all of this with absolutely no support team. No jeep carrying food, water and medicine. No doctor. Nothing! Just a bike and a very, very long road.The journey was lonely and desperate at times. He also had to fight his way across deserts, through jungles and over mountains. He cycled through heavy rains and temperatures of up to 45 degrees, all to help people in need. There were other dangers along the road. In Iran, he was chased by armed robbers and was lucky to escape with his life and the little money he had. The worst thing that happened to him was having to cycle into a headwind on a road that crosses the south of Australia. For 1,000 kilometres he battled against the wind that was constantly pushing him. This part of the trip was slow, hard work and depressing, but he made it in the end. Now Mr. White is back and intends to write a book about his adventures.65. When Phil White returned from his trip, he ________.A. broke the world recordB. collected money for OxfamC. destroyed several bikesD. travelled about 1,300 hours66. What does the word “epic” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?A. Very slow but exciting.B. Very long and difficult.C. Very smooth but tiring.D. Very lonely and depressing.67. During his journey around the world, Phil White ________.A. fought heroically against robbers in IranB. experienced the extremes of heat and coldC. managed to ride against the wind in AustraliaD. had a team of people who travelled with him68. Which of the following words can best describe Phil White?A. Imaginative.B. Patriotic.C. Modest.D. Determined.【要点综述】本文讲述了Phil White进行环球自行车旅行的缘故及艰巨历程。
2020版新高考英语新素养大二轮专题突破浙京津鲁琼版讲义：专题二 阅读理解 第二节 二
二、观点态度题(2019·北京，C)The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don’t know.By next year，half of the calls we receive will be scams(欺诈)．We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools，apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through.Unfortunately，it’s too little，too late.By the time these “solutions”(解决方案) become widely available，scammers will have moved onto cleverer means.In the near future，it’s not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt.Soon you will also question whether the voice you’re hearing is actually real.That’s because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation(处理) and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use.At this year’s I/O Conference，a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing humansounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse.The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision.A decade of data breaches(数据侵入) of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother’s name，and far more.Armed with this knowledge，they’re able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people.This means，for example，that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller’s，tricking you into “confirming” your address，mother’s name，and card number.Scammers follow money，so companies will be the worst hit.A lot of business is still done over the phone，and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships.Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks.Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real.That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images，showing when and who they were made by，or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards databased communications—using apps like FaceTime or WhatsApp，which can be tied to your identity.Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose，and the problem is only going to get harder from here on out.语篇解读 随着科技的发展，诈骗手段越来越多样，骚扰电话给人们带来了危害。
2020版新高考英语二轮复习 浙京津鲁琼版(课件+讲义)专题二 阅读理解第一节一
Through the Internet ， Zac tracked down Corrado’s sister Adeline Rockko.But when he finally reached her ， the woman flooded him with questions：“Who are you？What antique shop？” However，when she hung up，she regretted the way she had handled the call.So she called Zac back and apologized.Soon she drove to meet Zac in Watertown，N.Y.“At that point，I knew she meant business，” Zac says.“To drive eight hours to come to see me.”
2.错误答案的特征： 第一大层次： (1)无中生有。原文中未提及的概念； (2)正反混淆。选项的意思跟原文的意思正好相反； (3)答非所问。虽然选项的说法没有问题，符合原文，但和题干搭不上边。 第二大层次： (1)过分绝对；(2)扩大范围(注意隐蔽型的扩大范围mostly); (3)因果倒置； (4)常识判断；(5)推得过远；(6)偏离中心。
The Piccolis grew up the children of Italian immigrants in Watertown.Corrado，a translator for the Army during WWⅡ，was killed in action in Europe.
Before hearing from Zac ， Adeline hadn’t realized the medal was missing.Like many military medals，the one Zac’s mother had found was a family treasure.“This medal was very precious to my parents.Only on special occasions(场合) would they take it out and let us hold it in our hands，” Adeline says.
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第 22 讲长篇阅读
2020年浙江省高考英语卷阅读理解部分首次出现了篇幅超过800词的阅读材料，很多学生对这一新变化感到焦虑和紧张。
其实，作为已经有一定英语阅读基础的高中生，没必要对长篇阅读材料产生恐惧心理。
阅读之前先放下畏难畏长的不良心理因素，阅读过程中带着耐心并结合如下一些解题技巧，就可以保证长篇文章理解的准确性。
(1)阅读前先审题干、读选项这是阅读理解的基本技巧，在阅读长文章时其作用更明显。
因为长文章信息量大，阅读时很容易看了后面忘了前面，而题干中含有命题的意图、问题的指向、答题的要求等，事先审读有利于阅读时抓住主要信息，减少回读次数，节约答题时间。
事先细读选项则有助于边阅读文章边作出鉴别，排除错误选项。
(2)抓住文章中心主线，增强语篇意识。
阅读材料篇幅变长，文章内容就会更充实，层次更多，考生很容易迷失阅读主方向。
因此考生要围绕着文章话题，理出主线索，然后再层层展开阅读文章各个段落内容。
(3)对长篇阅读文章理解的检测还是以细节理解题、主旨大意题、推理判断题、词(句)义猜测题等形式，这些题型考生不陌生，关键还是要从词汇理解、篇章结构、逻辑线索、作者情感、文化背景、题目设问细节查找、推导概括等方面加大语篇能力训练并关注长篇文章题眼的挖掘深度和题目的设问方式，在复习过程中适当进行限时
阅读。
【答案及解析】50. D 第二段中出现了两类人，一类人受到好的服务会跟其他12人讲，而受到差的服务的人就会跟20个人说，所以受到好的服务的顾客会提升公司业绩。
51. C 该词组的字面意思是“手机的愤怒”，很多学生会选择A，但是看后文说了很多关于手机服务受阻的情况，引起了顾客很多的抱怨，所以让商家明白，对顾客满意变得越来越急需。
所以做此类题时要挖掘深层次的含义。
52. C A答案很有迷惑性，因为文中出现always returning calls，但是这儿是回电话，而不是主动打电话；B也有出现，但是商家送更多的购物券作为“thank you note”的代名词，也不对；D promising more, 而文中是underpromising，所以选择C, 就是此段括号部分的解释。
53. A 从第六段括号部分的“I know how you must feel”可知，与选项A“我知道你肯定很不开心”相符。
54. B 第七段出现…while there is great potential for customer anger over delays caused by weather, unclaimed luggage and technical problems. Potential是解题的词眼，与 likely对应。
55. C 此题选用排除法。
A、D选项此篇文章并没有提到。
B、C选项显然是两个截然不同的意思，从文章最后一句话On the other hand, the more customers are promised, the greater the risk of disappointment.可知，公司承诺得越多越容易使顾客失望，故公司应少承诺，多做事。