For a start 代替 to begin with
高中英语高级词汇替代词作文万能句型
一.代替词great fantastic splendid marvelous excellent wonderful meaningful enjoyable 等1.穷poor 可以用needy impoverished poverty-stricken 代替31.amazing 替换surprising2.幸福：happiness = cheerfulness = well-being 32.wealthy 替换rich3.青少年：young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents 33.for instance 替换for example4.优点：advantage = merits = superiority = virtue 34.occasionally 替换sometimes /once in while5.努力：struggle for = aspire after = strive for = spare no efforts for 35.seldom 替换not often6.从事：embark on = tap = set about = go in for 36.get to one ’s feet 替换stand up7.影响：influence= impac 37.beneath 替换under8.危险：danger = perils =hazard 38.beneath 替换under9.污染：pollution = contamination. 39.eventually 代替finally10.severe 替换掉serious（严重的）40.challenging 代替hard11.special 替换成distinct 41.attach importance to 代替pay attention to12.want 替换成desire 42.delighted 代替happy13.like 替换成be fond of / be engaged in 43.prompt / immediate 代替quick14.in fact 代替成as a matter of fact 44.marvelous 替代great，incredible15.make 用enable 代替45.tend 代替want16.例如the case 替换true eg. I dont think it is the case （ture）46.more often than not 代替usually17.take the place of 用supplantinstead other than（这个用的时候注意语法结构）47.exhausted 代替tired代替(:supplantin 过去式直接加ed)48.charming 代替cute，attractive18.消极的，不良的：bad =用detrimental baneful undesirable 代替49.fulfill 代替achievefulfilment 代替achievement19.健康的: healthy 用robust sound wholesome 代替50.set foot on 代替arrive at20.惊人的：surprising 用amazing extraordinary miraculous 代替51.enrich 代替promote21.有活力的：energetic 用dynamic vigorous animated 代替52.strengthen 代替build up22.明显的：obvious 用apparent evident manifest 代替53.be addicted to 等于be fond of 等于be devoted to23.提高，加强：improve 用enhance promote strengthen optimize 代替54.have a ball 替换have a good time / enoy oneself24.引起：cause 用trigger endanger 代替e to light 替换discover25.解决：solve 用resolve address tackle cope with deal with 代替56.be long for sth / be long to do sth 替换wanttodo sth / wish for26. 拆除：destroy 用tear down 、knock down、eradicate 代替eg I want to see you very much I anm long to see you27.培养: develop 用cultivate 、foster 、nurture 代替57.more than 替换very28.激发，鼓励：encourage 用motivate 、stimulate 、spur代替58.because of =due to =owing to =thanks to29.good 指人时可以用以下形容词代替kind honest generous selfless brave 59.as a result of =as a consequence ofwarmhearted sympathetic honorable humorous smart gentle 60. cope with 替换掉solve（解决）30.good 指事物或事情时可以用以下形容词代替61.motivate 替换掉encourage（激励）31.severe 替换掉serious（严重的）approach / method 替换掉way（方法，方案）32.a severe water shortage 严重缺水adopt 替换掉use （采用，采取）33.needy 替换掉ppor（贫穷的）the aged 替换掉old people （老人）34.wealthy 替换掉rich （富裕的）adolescents 替换掉the young （青少年）35.benificial 替换掉good （有益的）employment 替换掉job（就业）36.undesirable 替换掉bad （不好的，不受欢迎的）affair 替换掉thing （事情，东西）37.nevertheless 替换掉however （然而，不过）bent 替换掉gift （天赋，爱好）38.fundamental / significant 替换掉important （重要的）catastrophe 替换掉（disaster 灾难）7.0.relevant 替换掉related （有关的）subscribe to 替换掉agree with （同意）Eg：....is highly relevant to....... tend 替换掉want （趋向于..想要.....）71.extraodinary 替换掉surprising （惊人的，非凡的）I am tending to another customer at he moment.72.provided/providing （that）替换掉if （如果.....）acquire 替换掉gain （获得（尤指知识上的））73.promote /strengthen 替换掉improve （提高，加强）administration 替换掉government （政府部门）74. important —significant contribute to 替换掉cause （引起）75.good—stunning, fabulous, sensational extremely 替换掉very （非常的）76.way—approach, method frown on sth 替换disagree with sth （不同意）e—adopt for instance 替换掉for example （例如）78.understand/know —figure out advocate 倡导79.but—nevertheless compensate for 弥补.....80.so—consequently, therefore Spare no efforts for 努力81.because of—due to In contemporary society 在当今社会82.like to do/want to do —be inclined to do, be willing to do A vast amount of 大量的83.finish—accomplish be abundant in 富有...84.advantages and disadvantages—pros and cons on ones own account 为了某人自己的利益二.高级短语at ones own risk 自行负责jeopardize 替换掉be bad to （损害，危及）on account of 由于Failing exams could jeopardize her future考. 试不及格危及她的前程. On no account 绝不要ease 替换掉relieve （减轻，缓解）arise from 由....引起To ease the problem of ..... 为了缓解....的问题..... Are these any matters arising from the last meeting？well-being 替换掉happiness （幸福，安康）这些事情都是由上次的会议引起的吗？pros and cons 替换掉advantages and disadvantages（好处和坏处）assess 评估，评价You must consider all the pros and cons of the matter before you make a decision. Examinations are not the only means of assessing ones ability. 在你做决定之前，必须考虑这个问题的正反两个方面. 考试不是评价一个人能力的唯一方法.authentic 真实的，可信的正如我们指的的一样，直到最近，这个问题才被解决。
高考英语作文经典
高考英语作文经典模板作文中常用的转折词有下列：表层次：to begin with, to start with, in the first place, in the second place, furthermore, what’smore, last but not least, equally important to, in addition, besides表转折：by/in contrast, despite the fact that, on the contrary, in spite of , on the other hand, at thesame time, otherwise, instead表因果：therefore, due to, owing to, thanks to, as a consequence, as a result, in this way，on that account (因为那个缘故)表举例：for example, for instance, for one thing that is to illustrate,表解释：as a matter of fact, frankly speaking, namely, in other words•解决问题的优点和缺点：in recent years, we are faced with a problem --------a, which is becoming more and more serious . first,---------. second, ----------. last but not least, ---------.confronted with a, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. for one thing, ---------.for another, ------------. finally, --------.as far as i am concerned, i hold the view that---------解决问题的方法. consequently, i’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because -----------带来的好处.•说明利弊：1.说明事物的现状；2. 事物本身的优点和缺点;3. 你对事物的看法.nowadays many people prefer a because it plays a significant role in our daily life. in general, its advantages can be seen as follows. firstly, --------a的优点之一. besides,-------- a的优点之二. what’s more, --------a的优点之三.however, every coin has its two sides. the negative aspects are also apparent. one of the important disadvantages is that ----------a的缺点之一. in addition, ---------a的缺点之二. to make matters worse, ----------a的缺点之三.through the above analysis, i think that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. therefore, i’d like to hold my view that---------我的看法.from the comparison between these positive and negative effects of a, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. only in this way can we -------对前景的预测.•议论文1.不同观点的说明there is a widespread concern over the issue that -------作文题目. but it is well known that theopinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. a majority of people think that -------观点之一. in their views there are two factors contributing to this attitude as follows：in the first place, -------原因之一.furthermore / in the second place, -------原因之二. so it goes without saying that --------观点之一.people , however, differ from their opinion on this matter. some people hold the idea that ------. from their point of view, on the one hand, -------观点之二. on the other hand, -------原因之一. therefore, there is no doubt that -------原因之二.in conclusion, i firmly support the view that --------原因之一或原因之二. it is not only because --------, but also because----------. the more we ---------, the more ---------.1.利弊型议论文currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that) --------作文题目. actually, there are both advantages and disadvantages in -------题目议论. generally speaking, it is widely believed that there are several positive aspects as follows. firstly, --------优点之一. secondly, ---------优点之二. and finally, --------优点之三.just as a popular saying goes, “every coin has its two sides”, ---------讨论议题is no exception. and in other word, it still has negative aspects. to begin with, --------缺点之一. in addition, -------缺点之二. what’s more, --------缺点之三.to sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of --------讨论议题into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. in that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ---------讨论议题.1.答题型议论文at present, there is a widespread concern over the issue that ------作文题目. it is really an important concern to every one of us. as a result, we should spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.as is known to all, there are many steps which can be taken to solve this problem. first of all, -------途径一.additionally, another way contributing to success in solving the problem is -------途径二.what’s more, we can also -------途径三.above all, to solve the problem of --------作文题目, we should find many various ways. but as far as i amconcerned, i would prefer to settle the problem is this way, that is to say, --------方法.•图表作文的结构英语书面表达在高考中占有重要地位，只要同学们训练得法，肯下功夫，记忆常用语句并根据情况灵活运用，书面表达的水平一定会有很大程度的提高。
外研版高中英语必修4短语
外研版高中英语必修4短语(总6页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--Module 1.. Book 41.have no alternative but (=have nochoice but)除……外别无选择; 只要……2.alternative energy 可代替能源3.an alternative plan 替代方案4.load … with sth. 给… 装某物load the truck with coal给汽车装煤5.be on fire 着火(强调状态)catch fire失火(强调动作,无被动语态) set fire to sth 放火烧某物mand sb to do sth命令某人做某事command that… (that从句中要用should+动词原形, should可省略) 7.free of charge 免费,不花钱in charge of 负责，管理in the charge of 由…负责take charge of 负责管理,负责照顾be charged with… 充满8.attach sth to sth把某物固定/附在某物上attach oneself to参加;和…在一起,缠着be attached to…连在…上; 附属于….;系在……上attach importance/value to sth.认为某事很重要/有价值9.for sure 肯定地,有把握地sb. is sure to do sth某人一定/肯定做某事be sure + that-clause 确信,相信……make sure of /about sth 确保……make sure + that-clause 确保10.sb. run out of sth 某人用完了某东西sth. run out某物用完了(没有了)11.rely on/upon 依靠,信赖;取决于rely on it that…指望…..,对……不怀疑12.get rid of 摆脱,丢掉;除去,赶走,消灭13.with + 复合宾语结构,常用的结构形式有:214.①with+宾语+现在分词(强调宾语是现在分词动作的发出者或某状态、动作正在进行)15.②with+宾语+过去分词(强调宾语是过去分词动作的承受者或动作已经发生)16.③with+宾语+形容词(强调宾语的特性和状态)④with+宾语+副词⑤with+宾语+不定式(不定式动作尚未发生)⑥with+宾语+介词短语17.place an order 订购18.carry out an operation 做手术19.be optimistic about…对……乐观的be optimistic that… 对…..乐观20.in shape 处于良好状态,在形状上 in the shape of 以….形状;呈……形out of shape 变形,走样21.look out of 向……外看look out！小心，当心Watch out! ;Be careful!Take care!22.for a start 首先to start with = to begin with 首先,第一from the start = from the beginning从开头, 从开始23.on the way out即将被淘汰; 即将过时on the way n./pron./to doing 即将,来到,接近24.can’t…too或never…too“不可能太….”,“再怎么….也不过分”25.Not all…=All…not…并非所有的Module 21.be on display 展览2.be on show be on exhibition3.permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事permit doing sth 允许做某事34.provide sb with sth 为某人提供某物provide sth for sb5.sth impress sb 某物给某人留下影响6.sb be impressed byimpress sth on sb 某人铭记= impress sb with sthsth is impressed on one’s mind某事被印在脑海里have/leave/make/ a …impression on sb 给某人留下…的印象7.be convenient to sb 对某人方便It is convenient for sb 对某人方便It is convenient to do sth 做某事方便be convenient for sth 对某事方便8.get around=get about到处旅游;四处走动9.be connected to/with与…..相连, 接通10.be stuck in 困住,动不了11.get dressed 穿衣get washed 洗脸get lost 迷路get married 结婚get charged 充电get separated 被分散12.in no time 马上,一会儿on time 按时in time 及时once upon a time 从前at the same time 与此同时at one time 曾经, 一度,at no time 决不,在任何时候都不13.be worth doing 值得做…..14.be worth + n. = be worthy of + n15.sth. is worth doing = sth is worthyof being done16. = sth is worthy to be done17.“祈使句 + and +简单句”可以改为if条件句Think hard, and you’ll have an idea. “祈使句 + or +简单句”也可以改为if条件句Listen to me, or you won’t understand.18.under construction 正在建设之中19.be limited to 局限于…..20. in rush hours 处于交通高峰期21. react to… 对…产生反应react with sth.与某物起（化学）反应22. occur to sb (主意或想法突然)浮现与脑中, 被想起,被想到It occurs to sb to do sth某人想到……It occurs to sb that23. have sth done 请别人做某事24. keep cool 保持冷静keep quiet 保持安静keep still 不动keep silent 保持沉默25. no way 肯定不, 没门儿（用于句首时，句子要倒装）Module 31.vary in… 在……方面不同vary from…to… 从…..到……变化vary with随着….而变化,因….而不同 2. involve sb in… 允许某人参与 involve oneself in… 积极参与…… be/get involved in 被卷入到….之中 3. more than 不仅仅4. more than 100 = over 100 , 超过1005. more than surprised 十分/非常 吃惊6. more …than… 与其说…不如说…(强调前者) He was more an artist than a writer.7. on guard (保持)警惕;值班,站岗8. on holiday 度假9. on leave 休班 10. on duty 值班 11. hold up 举起,抬起,承受住,支撑 hold back 阻挡 hold on 等会儿, 坚持 hold down 限制 hold out 维持 12. give away 泄露,出卖,暴露,让步,赠送,捐赠 give off 发出(烟、光、热、气味等)give out发出;放出(消息、声音等);用完,耗尽13.mind reader 能看透别人心思的人14.make a deal 达成协议,做成交易municate with sb 和某人交流16.be busy with sth 忙于某事17.shake hands with sb 和某人握手18.stare at sb/sth 注视着某人/某物stare into the distance 凝视着远方19.request sb to do sth 要求某人做某事request that sb (should) do…要求某人做某事make a request for…要求…..at the request of sb 应某人的请求= at sb’s requestby request(of) 按要求20.do sb a favour 帮某人一个忙ask sb a favour 请某人帮个忙in favour of 赞成do sb a favor = do a favor for sb 帮某人的忙21.lift up 举起;太高;吊起22.①up and down 上上下下②up and down 前前后后= back and forth= backwards and forwards③up and down 处处= here and there④up and down 来来往往= to and from23.by accident 偶然地,无意地Module 41.experiment with sth. 用某物实验experiment on sth. 对某物进行实验carry outperformconduct an experiment做实验domake2.make a breakthrough取得重大突破(进展)3.convert A into/to B 把A转换成B4.take the place of = replace 取代,代替in place of 取代,代替(介词短语)instead of 代替,而不是(介词短语) 5. a quantity of + 不可数名词,谓语动词用单数quantities of+可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数quantities of+不可数名词,谓语动词用复数6.bring up抚育;教养,呕吐,提出(话题等) bring down 降低bring about 导致,引起bring back 归还;恢复;回想bring in 赚(钱);带进;传入7.search for 寻找search sb/sp 搜查某人或某地in search of 寻求/寻找……8.as a result of 由于…..的结果9.as a result 因此,结果10.owing to11.thanks to 由于…12.due tobecause of13.the key to… 的关键the answer to the question问题的答案notes to the text 课文注释an end to the meeting 会议的结束the entrance to the building大厦的入口14.export sth to 出口某物到……15.the second most important第二重要的16.be interested in…对……感兴趣17.graduate from…. 从…..(地方)毕业18.escape from (out of)+sp.从某地逃脱;逃走escape from reality 逃避现实have a narrow escape 九死一生a fire escape 紧急出口;安全门19.clear up (天气)放晴;整理;收拾20.be known for 因…..而出名/闻名21.be known as 以……而知名,著称be known to 为……所知722.earn one’s living 谋生23. = make a livingget/gain a living 谋生live/lead a…life 过着…..的生活e to power 掌权;执政take power 取得政权in power 当权,执政out of one’s power不能胜任,力所不及= beyond one’s power25.It is possible that…. 可能……26.It’s certain that...一定…….=sb/sth is certain to doIt’s certain that you’ll succeed. = 27.It’s likely that……可能…..=sb/sth is likely to doIt’s likely that he is doing his homework.28.It seems that 好像……=sb/sth seems to doIt seems that he knows the secret. =35. at war 在交战中36. be diagnosed with被诊断出…, 患有…37. become the voice of成为…的代言人38. partly because of 一部分因为Module 51.surround sb with sth用某物包围某人be surrounded by sb 被某人所包围in the surrounding 在周围环境2. a narrow escape 九死一生3.in the distance 在远处,在远方from a distance 从一定距离,从远处at a distance在一定距离处,隔一段距离keep sb at a distance对某人冷淡; 与某人保持距离4.at the edge of在……的边缘（侧重于在边点上） on the edge of在…边缘上（侧重在边缘较阔的地域）5.at least = at the least 至少not in the least = not all 一点也不at most = at the most 至多6.be heavy with 有大量的7.make a detour 绕道而行8.have four weeks off 休四周假9.go through 穿过;经历10.forbid sb to do sth 禁止某人做某事 forbid doing sth 禁止做某事11.require to do sth 要求去做某事require sb to do sth要求某人去做某事require that sb (should) do sth要求某人做某事sth require doing 某物需要被做= sth require to be done12.on a spot 在现场,当场13.rip off 敲竹杠;敲诈14.rip sth off 偷窃,盗取15.get a kick out of 从……中得到乐趣16.enjoy doing 喜欢干…..17.be fond of 喜欢…..18.go in for 爱好,从事Module 6 1.attack sb with sth 用某物攻击某人be attacked with a disease 患/害病make an attack on/upon对…发动攻击a heart attack 心脏病突发e into existence开始存在;形成;成立a struggle for existence 生存竞争3.calm down (使)安静下来4.sb. is unlikely to…某人不可能5.It is unlikely that…不可能……6.be likely to... 可能……7.be related to与…有关,与…有联系relate sth to sth把…..与……联系起来8.There happens to be…碰巧有……9.There appears to be…似乎有……10.There seems to be…好像有11.have the fortune (luck) to do sth幸好(幸运)做某事make a fortune 发财try one’s fortune 碰碰运气12.die out(家族、物种)灭绝;灭亡;(习俗等)渐渐消失火)逐渐熄灭13.throw light on帮助弄清楚;阐明某事come to light暴露,被发现,表现出来bring to light 让人知道,公布于世e straight to the point谈正题;开门见山beside/off the point不切正题,无关紧要to the point 切题,中肯be on the point of 正要15.go for 适用于,应用于;喜欢,偏爱16.adapt oneself to 使自己适应于……17.according to 根据18.be connected with 与…..有关系19.in order to = so as to 为了本模块重点语法一．情态动词 + have + p.p. 用法归纳1.must have done sth. 肯定做了某事(表示对过去的某事做出肯定的判断) He knew the film. He must have seen it.2.may/might have done可能/大概已经做了某事（表示对过去情况的可能性推测）Tom may have bought a new pen because I don’t see the old one..3.can’t/ couldn’t have done sth.不可能已经做了某事（表示对过去情况的否定性推测）The ground is dry, so it can’t have rained last night.4.should have done sth.过去应该做某事（而没做） = ought to have done sthYou are late. You should have come 1 minute earlier.5.shouldn’t have done sth.过去不该做某事（却做了）= oughtn’t to have done sth.She is crying. You sho uldn’t have told her the sad news.6.could have done sth.本来能够做（却没有做某事）7.needn’t have done sth.原来不必做某事（却已经做了）Tom has bought a new pen. You needn’t have lent him your pen.8. would rather have done sth. 本来想做某事（却未做成）I would rather have come to help youwith your English, but I was too busy atthat time.二、情态动词表推测的其他用法1、情态动词 + 动词原形表示对现在或将来情况的推测2、情态动词 + be doing表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测3、情态动词 + have been doing表示对过去正在发生的事情的推测11。
动词不定式与动名词作宾语的区别
动词不定式与动名词作宾语的区别英语中有的及物动词只能跟动名词作宾语；有的及物动词只能跟动词不定式作宾语；但也有及物动词的宾语既是动名词又是动词不定式.区别在于：一、在want，decide，promise,refuse,agree，wish,hope，expect等及物动词后面的宾语只能是动词不定式，不是动名词.如：1。
I want to have a talk with her.我想跟她谈谈.2。
Our teacher decided to stay with us.老师决定留下来与我们在一起。
3。
My English teacher promised to lend some books to me.我的英语老师答应借给我一些书。
4.My mother refused to go there with us。
我妈妈拒绝和我们一起去那里。
二、在一些动词后要求只跟动名词作宾语：1、在finish，enjoy,mind，suggest，practise，admit承认advise建议allow 允许appreciate 感激，avoid避免，consider考虑，delay推迟,deny 否认，discuss 讨论,dislike 不喜欢，enjoy 喜爱，escape 逃脱，excuse 原谅，fancy 设想，finish 完成,forbid 禁止,forgive 原谅，give up 放弃,imagine 想像,keep 保持,mention 提及，mind 介意 miss 没赶上,pardon 原谅，permit允许，practise练习，prevent 阻止，put off 推迟,report 报告，risk 冒险，stop 停止，suggest 建议,understand 理解。
1.I advise waiting a few more days。
我建议再等几天。
2.I admit breaking the window. 我承认窗子是我打破的。
外研版版高中英语必修四知识点归纳
外研版版高中英语必修四知识点归纳Module 1 Life in the FutureKey Phrases:1.Have no alternative but (= have no choice but)There is no other n available。
only if。
2.Alternative energyXXX.3.An alternative planA substitute plan.4.Load… with sth。
To put something onto something else.XXX: Load the truck with coal.5.Be on fireXXX (emphasizing the state).6.Catch fireTo ignite (emphasizing the n。
no passive voice).7.Set fire to sthXXX.8.XXX sb to do sthTo order someone to do something.mand that… (should + verb)To order that something should be done.10.Free of chargeWithout cost.11.In charge ofResponsible for。
in control of.12.In the charge ofXXX.13.XXXTo XXX or taking care of something.14.Be charged with…XXX.15.XXXTo fix or fasten something to something else.16.XXXTo join or be with.17.XXX…XXX。
XXX.18.XXXXXX.19.For sureDefinitely。
with certainty.20.Sb。
作文高分转折词
1．英语作文高分转折词表层次：to begin with , to start with , in the first place ,in the second place , furthermore ,what's more , last but not least , equally important to , in addition , besides表转折：by/in contrast , despite the fact that , on the contrary ,in spite of , on the other hand , at the same time , otherwise , instead 表因果：therefore , due to , owing to , thanks to , as a consequence., as a result , in this way , on that account表举例：for example , for instance , for one thing that is to illustrate 表解释：as a matter of fact , frankly speaking , in other words2.作文高分词组1.经济的快速发展the rapid development of economy2.人民生活水平的显著提高/稳步增长the remarkable improvement / steady growth of people's living standard3.先进的科学技术advanced science and technology4.面临新的机遇和挑战be faced with new opportunities and challenges5.人们普遍认为It is commonly believed / recognized that ...6.社会发展的必然结果the inevitable result of social development7.引起广泛的公众关注arouse wide public concern / draw public attention8.不可否认It is undeniable that.../There is no denying that..9.热烈的讨论/争论a heated discussion / debate10.有争议性的问题a controversial issue11.完全不同的观点a totally different argument13.就我而言/就个人而言As far as I am concerned ,14.就...达到绝对的一致reach an absolute consensus on...17.发挥着日益重要的作用play an increasingly important role in ...18.对...必不可少be indispensable to ....对...产生有利/不利的影响exert positive / negative effects on22.利远远大于弊the advantages far outweigh the disasvantages23.导致，引起lead to / give rise to / contribute to / result in24开阔眼界widen one‘s horizon / broaden one’s vision25考虑到诸多因素take many factors into account / consideration .26从另一个角度from another perspective27.做出共同努力make joint efforts28.对...有益be beneficial / conducive to ...29.打下坚实的基础lay a solid foundation for.30致力于/投身于be committed / devoted to...31.对这一问题持有不同态度hold different attitudes towards this issue32...必然趋势an irresistible trend of33.扬长避短Exploit to the full one‘s favorbale conditions and avoid unfavorable ones34.取其精华，去其糟粕Take the essence and discard the dregs 65.跟上...的最新发展keep pace with / catch up with /keep abreastwith thelatest development of...66.采取有效措施来...take effective measures to do sth68.有利有弊Every coin has its two sidesNo garden without weeds70.重视attach great importance to ...把时间和精力放在...上focus time and energy on ...73.扩大知识面expand one‘s scope of knowl edge80.与...相比较compared with.../in comparison with82.代替replace /substitute /take the place of.相反incontrast / on the contrary87.增进相互了解enhance /promote mutual understanding88.充分利用make full use of / take advantage of3.作文高分句子图标类1. As we can see from the chart ，the number of people who usemobile phones is increasing steadily2..As we be seen from the table ，there have been great changesin the ways of people getting informationpared to the year before last , it is obvious that the numberhas fallen sharply4.The number stays nearly the same including that readingremains an important way that people acquire knowledge or find information5..There is no doubt that it is quickest and most convenient way todo things6..By riding bicycles ，people can produce ，in a certaindegree ，no pollution to the environment7.热点话题类8..It is very important to live in harmony with one another / eachother9.The government should take immediate and necessarymeasures to deal with the problem10.T hough burdens/loads on farmers* shoulders are reduce , yetmost of them still have financial problem in sending their children to colleges our universities11.W hat*s more ,our government can offer allowance to poorstudents for their life and study12.I f everyone had paid enough attention to the problem ,we shouldnot have been trapped in such a difficult position13.O nly when we continue our efforts can we seize an opportunitywhen it occurs14..As is vividly shown in the picture ../ the picture indicates....15..The implied meaning of the picture should be taken into accountseriously16.W e can see from the statistics given that ...the figures also tell usthat...17.J udging from these figures , we can draw a conclusion that.18.谚语19.I f you want knowledge, you must toil for it.要想求知，就得吃苦。
英语作文常用高级词汇
★形容词：1. 贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken2. 富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off3. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding4. 积极的，好的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous5. 消极的，不良的：bad = detrimental= baneful =undesirable6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest7. 健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome8. 惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching10. 有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigorous =animated11. 流行的：popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive★动词：1. 提高，加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize2. 引起：cause = trigger = endanger3. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with4. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate5. 培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture6. 激发，鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur7. 认为：think = assert= hold = claim = argue8. 完成：complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve9. 保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold10. 有害于：destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize11. 减轻: ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten★名词：1. 影响：influence= impact2. 危险：danger = perils =hazard3. 污染：pollution = contamination4. 人类：human beings= mankind = human race5. 老人：old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens6. 幸福：happiness = cheerfulness = well-being7. 老师：teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers8. 教育：education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing9. 青少年：young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents10. 优点：advantage = merits = superiority = virtue11. 责任：responsibility = obligation = duty = liability12. 能力：ability = capacity = power = skill13. 职业：job = career = employment = profession14. 娱乐：enjoyment = pastimes = recreation= entertainment15. 孩子：children = offspring = descendant= kid★短语：1. 充满了：be filled with = be awash with = be inundate with = be saturated with2. 努力：struggle for = aspire after = strive for = spare no efforts for3. 从事：embark on = tap = set about = go in for4. 在当代: in contemporary society = in present-day society= in this day and age5. 大量的: a host of = a multitude of = a vast number of = a vast amount of1.individuals,characters, folks替换(people ,persons)2: positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising(有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable ,excellent, outstanding, superior替换good3: dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换bad,如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换4.(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most)替换many.注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。
高考英语作文常用高级句型词汇
一、高考英语作文常用高级句型词汇1.首先, 第一: initially, to begin with, to start with；2.其次, 第二, 第三, 第四……: furthermore, moreover, in addition, besides3.最后: finally；last but not least:（提及最后的人或事物时说）最后但同样重要的4.现在(目前), XXXX现象是不可避免且难以否认的Currently, there is an inevitable and undeniable fact that ……At present, it is inevitable and undeniable that …..例句: Currently, there is an inevitable and undeniable fact that computer is playing a significant role in our daily livesAt present, it is inevitable and undeniable that advertisement has been flooding into our daily lives5.随着社会(科技)的发展,人们开始注意到XXXX的重要性Along with the advance of the society (science and technology), people are attaching much importance to ……例句: Along with the advance of the society, people are attaching more and more importance to the interview in the job-hunting6.最近, XXXXX现象引起了人们的广泛关注Recently, the phenomenon that …… has aroused wide public concern例句: Recently, the phenomenon that CPI keeps increasing has aroused wide public concern7.一部分人认为……., 而另一部分人认为……Some people argue that….., whereas others maintain that….8. 就我个人而言(老实说), 我全力支持前者(后者eg. As for me, I am in high favor of the former (latter).Personally, I side with the former (latter)Frankly speaking/ To be frank/ To be honest/ Honestly speaking, it is the former (latter) that I approve of9.我认为(在我看来,就我看来,我的观点是, 我想….)I am convinced that….As far as I am concerned, …..From my point of view, …..From where I stand, ……11.因此, 基于以上讨论, 我们很容易得出……的结论Based on the discussion above, it is easy for us to draw the co nclusion that…..12.作文中一些可用来替换常用词汇的高级词汇important—significant; good—stunning/ fabulous/ sensational ; way—approach/ methoduse—adopt; understand/know—figure… out ; but—nevertheless; so—consequently/ thereforebecause of—due to; like to do/want to do— be willing to do; finish—accomplish;13.According to the statistics provided by..., it can be seen that...14. There is good/sufficient evidence to show that...15. No one can ignore/overlook the fact that...二、用于文章结尾的句型：1) From what has been discussed above/taking into account all these factors, we may safely arrive at/draw/come to/reach the conclusion that ...2) It is high time that we put considerable/great/special emphasis on ...3) There is no immediate solution to the problem of..., but... might be helpful/beneficial.4) No easy method can be at hand to solve the problem of ..., but the general awareness of the necessity/importance of... might be the first step on the right way.5) There is little doubt/denying that ...6) It is, therefore, obvious/evident that the task of...require immediate attention.7) In conclusion,...8) Personally, I prefer to...9) In short,... should learn to...; Only in this way can the most difficult problems be solved properly.10) As far as I am concerned, I agree with the opinion that...三、常用谚语(在议论文中):1) As a popular saying goes, “Every coin has two sides”.2) As a proverb says, “Everything has two sides”. On the one hand, physical exercise is good for your health. On the other hand, if you don t deal with it properly, it will do harm to your health. So we should look at the matter from two sides.3) As a proverb says, “Where there is a will there is a way.”(有志者事竟成)4) As a popular saying goes, “A man is known by the company he keeps.”(观其交友,知其为人)5) As is known to all, “No pains, no gains”.(没有苦,就没有甜)四、辩论中常用的句型:1) There is no doubt that ...2) It is obvious/clear that ...3) As is known to all, ...4) (It’s) no wonder... (难怪) He didn’t work hard and no wonder he lost his job.5) It goes without saying that ... (不用说,不成问题,很自然……)6) What is more important, ...7) I am convinced that ... (我深信……)五、英文作文活用句型I. 用于文章主题句1 (It is) needless to say (that)子句= It is obvious that子句= Obviously, S. + V.2. …是不可能的; 无法…There is no Ving= There is no way of Ving.= There is no possibility of Ving.= It is impossible to V.= It is out of the question to V.= No one can V.= We cannot V.例︰不可否认的,成功的事业关键在于健康的身心。
begin与start的用法
英语中的begin 与start 都有“开始”的意思，但在实际运用中，却有很多不同。
现笔者就谈谈它们的用法：一相同之处1. 意为“开始；发生；发起”时，两者可互换。
如：Then he began/ started a series of experiments. 然后他就开始做一系列的实验。
How did the accident begin/ start？事故是怎样发生的？2. 表示开始某一动作时，后面跟不定式或动名词所表达的意思是相同的。
但当表示开始一项较长时间或经常性的活动时，后接动名词的形式则更为常见。
如：The child began crying/ to cry. 那小孩开始哭了。
3. 两者在下列情况下常接不定式，不接动名词：（1 ）主语是无生命的事物，而不是人时。
如：The ice began/ started to melt. 冰开始融化了。
（2 ）当began 和start 用于进行时态时。
如：The plaster was beginning / starting to fall from the walls. 墙上的灰泥开始脱落了。
（3 ）当begin 和start 后接表示心理状态或精神活动的动词时。
如：Mary began/ started to guess what is in the bag. 玛丽开始猜包里有什么东西了。
4. 两者都具有及物动词词性和不及物物动词词性。
如：What time do you begin/ start school？你是什么时候开始上学的？His work starts/ begins at half past eight and finishes at a quarter to five. 他的工作八点半开始，四点四十五分结束。
5. begin/ start with 意为“从……开始”。
如：Which lesson shall I begin / start with？我应从哪一课开始？6. begin 和start 均为终止性动词，因此不能与段时间状语连用。
tobeginwith放句首用法(一)
tobeginwith放句首用法(一)如何正确使用“tobeginwith放句首用法”什么是“tobeginwith放句首用法”“tobeginwith放句首用法”是一种常见的英语表达方式，指的是将“tobeginwith”一词放在句子的开头，表示开始。
例如：“To begin with, let me introduce myself.”常见的错误用法1.在句子中间使用“tobeginwith”：“I want to say,to begin with, that I appreciate your help.”2.将“tobeginwith”和“first of all”混淆使用：“First of all, tobeginwith, let me thank you for comingto the meeting today.”3.将“tobeginwith”和“to start with”混淆使用：“To start with, we need to hire more staff. Tobe ginwith, we need to assess our current resources.”正确用法1.“tobeginwith”应该紧跟在句子的开头，不需要逗号分隔：“Tobeginwith, I’d like to thank you all forcoming today.”2.“tobeginwith”与“firstly”可以相互替换使用，但注意不要同时使用：“Firstly, we need to hire morestaff. Tobeginwith, we need to assess our currentresources.”3.“tobeginwith”和“to start with”也可以相互替换使用，但同样注意不要同时使用：“To start with, we needto assess our current resources. Tobeginwith, we shouldtake a closer look at our budget.”结论“tobeginwith放句首用法”是一种常见的英语表达方式，但注意不要与其他类似的短语混淆使用。
start和begin的用法总结
start和begin的用法总结Start和begin的用法总结Start和begin都是英语中常用的动词，它们的意思都是“开始”，但在不同的场合下，它们有着不同的用法和含义。
本文将详细介绍start 和begin的用法。
一、start和begin的基本意思1. startstart作为动词，主要表示“开始”，可以表示一个动作或过程的开始。
例如：- The meeting will start at 10 o'clock.- I always start my day with a cup of coffee.此外，start还可以表示“启动”、“开动”等含义。
例如：- He started the car and drove away.- She started the washing machine and went to do somethingelse.2. beginbegin也是表示“开始”的动词，与start基本相同。
例如：- Let's begin our discussion.- The concert began at 8 o'clock.二、start和begin用法区别虽然start和begin都表示“开始”，但在一些情况下它们有着不同的用法和含义。
1. 表示某个活动或事件开始时如果要描述某个活动或事件刚刚开始时，通常使用start。
例如：- The movie just started.- The game has already started.2. 表示一个过程中某个阶段开始时如果要描述一个过程中某个阶段刚刚开始时，则通常使用begin。
例如：- We are about to begin the second phase of the project.- He began to feel tired after working for two hours.3. 表示开始进行某个动作或行为如果要描述开始进行某个动作或行为，则通常使用start。
怎样才能在高考英语作文中正确地使用高级词汇？
怎样才能在高考英语作文中正确地使用高级词汇？怎样才能在高考英语作文中正确地使用高级词汇？在高考书面表达阅卷中，最忌讳的就是大众化的词汇和平凡的表达,要想得高分，就得多用高级词汇，留意遣词造句。
今日就来和我一起看一下毕竟要怎样才能在高考作文中正确地使用高级词汇。
一、三大原则教你正确使用高级词汇原则一：弃旧取新原则阅卷老师偏爱学得晚的单词，由于使用学得比较晚的单词，可以体现同学学以致用的意识。
例如，表示漂亮的形容词，同学们首先想到的是学校词汇beautiful，用高中词汇appealing，ttractive，charming和fascinating等来替换beautiful，可以为书面表达提分不少。
原则二：短语优先原则高考书面表达中，多使用词组和习语来代替一些单词可以起到增加文采的作用。
例如，first可用to begin / start with 替换;besides可以用in addition和what is more替换;consider可以用take sth.into consideration/account替换;remember可以用keep in mind替换。
原则三：避开重复原则同学们要想写出一篇好的书面表达，就要尽量避开重复多次使用同一个简洁的单词。
例如，反复使用should，这时考生应当充分发散思维，敏捷地运用短语be supposed to 和had better等进行替换。
二、常用词的高级变身1. devote替换spendHe spends all his spare time in reading.He devotes all his spare time to reading.2. average替换ordinaryIm an average(ordinary) student.3. but替换veryThe film we saw last night was very interesting.The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.4. seat 替换sitOn his way to school, he found an old lady seated(sitting) by the road, looking worried.5. suppose 替换shouldHe is supposed to(should) have driven more slowly.6. appreciate替换thankThank you very much for your help.We appreciate your help very much.7. the case替换trueI dont think it is the case(true).8. on替换as soon asAs soon as he arrived, he began his research.On his arrival, he began his research.9. due to替换because ofHe arrived late due to(because of) the storm.10. cover替换walk/readAfter covering (walking) 10 miles, we all felt tired.11. contribute to替换 be helpful/usefulPlenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study.Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.12. round the corner替换coming soon/ nearby① The summer vacation is round the corner(comi ng soon). Do you have any plans?② Li Ming studies in a school round the corner(nearby).13. come to light替换discoverThe family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels.The family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light.14. have a ball替换have a good time/ enjoy oneselfAfter visiting the workshop, we went back to school. Every one of us had a ball(had a good time).15. come up with替换think ofJack is very clever. He often comes up with (thinks of) new ideas.16. set aside替换saveSome students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books.17. be of + n. 替换adj.The products are of high quality (very good) and are sold everywhere in China.18. refer to替换talk about/of，mentionThe professor you referred to(talked about ) is very famous.19. lest替换so that /in order thatI wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it.I wrote down his telephone number lest I forget it.20. be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested inHe is caught up in (interested in) collecting stamps.21. more than替换veryIm very glad to learn that you are coming in September.Im more than glad to learn that you are coming in September.22. perfect(ly) 替换good/ very wellHe speaks perfect(good) English./ He speaks English perfectly(very well).23. do sb. a favor替换helpWould you please do me a favor(help me) to turn down the radio?24. in the course of替换duringIn the course of(During) the mountain-climbing, please help each other and pay special attention to your safety.25. the majority of替换mostThe majority of(Most of) the interviewees prefer watchingTV at home to going to the cinema.26. consist of替换be made up ofOur class consists of (is made up of) 50 students.27. be worn out替换 be tired / broken① After five hours non-stop work, we were all wornout(tired).② My shoes are worn out(broken). Please buy me a new pair.28. attend to替换look after29. on condition that替换as long as30. nevertheless替换however三、高级句型结构◆ It句型① It will be + some time + beforeIt wont be long before humans visit the Mars.② It is + adj./ n.+ for sb to do sth.It is very important for us to learn computer well, because it has changed our life so much.③ It is + 被强调部分 + thatIt is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot.Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get our knowledge.◆ more than any other 表示最高级Indian produces more films than any other country in the world.◆ 名词从句① It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in the talk.② My hometown is no longer what it used to be.◆(非限制性)定语从句① The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.改为：The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.② It was quite an experience for us both. Ill never forget it for the rest of my life.改为：It was quite an experience for us both, which Ill never forget for the rest of my life.◆ 分词结构① I dont know about others, but I used to have to work evenat weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well.② Well mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV, playing games, and meeting people.③ Hearing this, a few people began to run after him.④ Born in America, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.◆ with结构① A terrible accident happened yesterday, with nine people killed and almost eighty injured.② He was carrying a large bag on his shoulder, with a large suitcase in his left hand.◆ 倒装句① The library is to the east of the teaching building.改为：East of the teaching building is the library.② Although we are tired, we are happy.改为：Tired as we are, we are happy.③ He can grow to be a useful man only in this way.改为：Only in this way can he grow to be a useful man.◆ 被动语态① Opinions are divided on the question.② All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreign students.③ New factories, houses and roads have been built.◆ 奇妙的改写① Only等于no one butOnly Tom passed the exam last week.改为：No one but Tom passed the exam.② as soo n as 可用No soonerthan / Hardlywhen代替As soon as we had arrived at the cinema, the film started改为：No sooner had we arrived at the cinema than the film started.③ have sb /sth / doneThe girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken改为：The girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg was broken④ 变换插入语的位置However, they suggest fees should be charged low.They suggest, however, fees should be charged low.I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent, and how well youve learned Chinese.This is a good chance for you, I think, to show your singing talent, and how well youve learned Chinese.⑤ 用同位语代替非限制性定语从句Meimei, who is seven years old, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.改为：Meimei, a girl of seven, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.◆ 其他1. 注意句子的开头① 用with复合结构开头With the sun setting in the west, we had to wave goodbye to the workers.With his help, weve learned how to analyze and settle problems.② 用非谓语动词形式开头In order to improve our English, our school held an English contest.Walking towards the cinema, he met a foreigner.千里之行，始于脚下。
英语总复习：unit12《education》(大纲版第三册).doc
英语总复习：Unit12《Education》（大纲版第三册）I．单元知识点全览工欲善其事必先利其器高考须掌握的词汇：labsence 2·donanion 3·suitable 4·record 5·restrict 6·professional 7·economic 8·tradition 高考须掌握的短语：1．with 2．out 3．ftom 4．out 5．in 6．in 7．to 8．to 9．on 10．out of 11．notes l 2．of 13．on/upon14．to 15．out 16．agamstⅡ．考点过关过关斩将一马平川考点详解精剖细解入巿三分一、重点词汇1．Suit．vt．(1)适合；满足eg：Does Sunday suit you?星期日你方便吗?一Yes，it suits me fine．我很方便。
(2)跟……相称；相配eg：That coIor doesn't suit him．那种颜色与他不相配。
A cold climate suits wheat．寒冷的气候适宜种小麦。
He suited his speech to his audience．他让自己的演说内容合乎听众的口味。
相关链接：suitabIe adj．合适的；适宜的；恰当的suited adj．适合的；匹配的用法拓展：a suit of一套…… suit sb．fine很适合某人suit…to…使适合；使适应be suitable for sb．to do sth．适合于某人做……be suited for/to…适合做……特别提醒：suit为动词，多侧重颜色、花样、款式等方面的“适合”。
满足某人的需要，还可表示合乎口味、性格、地位等。
案例剖析旁征博引举一反三考题1 (典型例题what about the styk of the coat？It you very well．A．fits B．suits C．satisties D．gets考题1点拨：答案为B。
高中英语写作的高级替换词汇
下面这些词汇以后就要在写作的时候少出现了，其替换方案仅供参考，旨在激发大家的灵感，希望诸位今后能够稍加注意，尽可能多的体现用词的多样性以及准确性。
（在此感谢President Luo以及同学们提供的写作素材）1，very：pretty, much, quite, greatly, highly, extremely…2，important：vital, critical, essential, influential, meaningful, prominent, significa nt……3，more and more:an increasing number of, increasingly, on a rise….4，think:believe, deem, argue, assume, contend, reckon, maintain, figure, point out, do not mistrust, hold the view that…5，like:enjoy, be fond of, be in favor of, relish, prefer….6，first/second/third:第一：To start/begin with, on one hand, initially；第二：Furthermore, in addition, besides, on the other hand, following this, moreover, next;第三：Last but not least; then, thus, hence, consequently;7，many/some:most, few, more than, less than, no more than, no less than, the majority of, the minority of, an overwhelming number of8，and/but:not only…but also, as well as, however, nevertheless, otherwise, whereas, on the contrary, conversely9，in my opinion:personally, speaking for myself, as far as I am concerned, as to me, from my angle, from my point of view, from my perspective, from my way of thinking10，Every coin has two sides. / How time flies.… a two-edged sword （双刃剑）Happiness takes no account of time. (欢乐不觉时光过)1. 越来越：be increasingly +adj.，be on the rise，a growing number2. 人们认为：it is generally/widely believed/held/agreed that3. 许多问题：a host/ number of problem4. 引起人们注意：claim call/attract general/public/world attention to sth.5. 意识到：there is a growing awareness（知道）/realization of/that，awaken sb. To the fact/danger6. 适应的形势/变化：adapt/adjust/accommodate（使适应）oneself to new environment/ change7. 接触各种思想/经历：be exposed to new ideas/experiences/problems8. 接触社会：come into frequent/close contact with the world/society9. 获得成功：achieve/accomplish success10. 提出观点/建议：advance/put forward/come up with thearguments/ideas/suggestions11. 作出努力：make tremendous（极大的）/persistent（持久固的）/sustained（持续不变的）effort to do sth.，take great pains to do（with work/study）12. 影响学习：interfere with studies/work13. 产生影响：have/exert a profound（刻的）influence on life/personality，have a dramatic/ undesirable（令人不快的）effect on14. 较好地驾驭生活：be a better pilot of one’s life15. 剥夺机会/权力：deprive oneself of the chance/right/opportunity16. 取代：substitute（替代）for/take the place of the old way17. 采取措施：take effective steps/measures to18. 控制我们的环境：take/gain increasing control over our own environment19. 躲避危险/挑战：shy（躲避）/run away from the dangers/challenge20. 满足要求：meet/satisfy/accommodate the demand of21. 补偿损失：compensate for / make up for the loss/damage22. 解释某现象：account for / explain the phenomenon23. 对……很好的了解：have a better undrstanding/appreciation of，have a new perspective（观点）on，provide/gain an insight into24. 把某因素考虑进去：take sth. into account（consideration），give much thought to25. 品位人生/自由青春：savor the life/freedom/youth26. 培养对……的信心：develop/foster one’s interest/confidence in27. 经历变化/困难/艰险：undergo/experience great changes/hardships/experience28. 表现出自信心等：project one’s confidence/feeling/i mage29. 生活充满不公正的地方：life is full of minor irritation/injustice30. 追求学习/职业：pursue one’s academic（理论的）interest/professional career31. 学习知识/技术：pursue/acquire knowledge/technology/skill32. 被看作学习的……榜样：be held up as a good example33. 交流经验/知识：share experience/ideas/problems/knowledge34. 发挥/起到重要作用：play an （important/active/great）role/part35. 逃学/缺课：skip school/a class/a meeting/a lecture36. 知识/经验丰富：rich in knowledge/experience37. 确立/追求目标：set/pursue a goal/higher standard38. 到达目标：achieve/accomplish/stain the goal/aim/object39. 克服困难：overcome obstacles/difficulty40. 面临危险/困难：be confronted/faced with/in the face of danger/difficulty41. 阻碍了成功：stand in the way of success，be an obstacle（障碍）/barrier to success/ growth42. 阻碍了发展：hamper/impede/stunt the development of43. 持传统的看法：hold conventional wisdom44. 发表看法：voice/express one’s opinion45. 持相反/合理的观点：take the opposite/fresh view46. 揭穿某种一贯的说法：shatter the myth of47. 求得帮助：enlist one’s support/help48. 缩小差别：bridge/narrow/fell the gap/gulf（between city and country）49. 把成功/错误归咎于：attribute/own the success/failure to50. 对……重要：be indispensable/important/vital to经典的替换词：1.individuals,characters, folks代替(people ,persons)2 : positive, favorable, rosy(美好的)，promising(有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding代替good3:dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse(有害的)代替bad如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive代替4.(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,many, if not most)代替many.注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。
to start with的近义短语
to start with的近义短语To start with的近义短语1. To begin withTo begin with，意思是“首先，开始”。
它可以表达一个人对某件事情的初步看法，或者是在开始做某件事情之前的准备工作。
例如：To begin with, let's make a list of what we need to do. 我们首先来列一下我们需要做的事情吧。
2. FirstlyFirstly是to start with的一个更正式的表达方式，用于正式文章中。
这是一个很常用的表达，它可以表达出一个人初步的看法或者是介绍一个事情，通常会接着接上接下文。
例如：Firstly, I'd like to thank youall for coming today. 首先，非常感谢大家今天来参加这个活动。
3. To start offTo start off可以用来表示“开始，起步”，但它更多用来表示一个计划的开始，或者是一个活动的开始。
它也可以用来表达一个人的初步想法或者是提出一个问题。
例如：To start off, can you tell me what yourbiggest concern is? 首先，你能告诉我你最担心的是什么吗？4. At the outsetAt the outset是to start with的一个正式表达方式，意思是“开始，初始”。
它可以用来表示一个计划的开始，或者是一个活动的开始，还可以用来表达一个人的初步想法或者是提出一个问题。
例如：At the outset, it seemed like an impossible task. 一开始，这似乎是一项不可能完成的任务。
5. To beginTo begin也可以用来表达“开始，起步”的意思，但它更多用于表达一个活动的开始或者是一个计划的开始。
它也可以用来表达一个人的初步想法或者是提出一个问题。
begin的短语
begin的短语begin表开始; 着手; 创始;的意思，那么你知道begin的短语有哪些吗?接下来小编为大家整理了begin的短语搭配，希望对你有帮助哦!begin的短语：to begin with首先; 起初 at firstTo begin with, may I introduce to you Mr. John of our corporation? 首先,让我给你介绍我们公司的约翰先生。
begin with(v.+prep.)以…开始,从…开始 start withbegin with sb/sthWe will now hear the students read their poems, beginning with Tom.现在我们来听听学生们诵读他们的诗作,从汤姆开始吧。
begin by(v.+prep.)以…开始(说或做),先(说或做) start (talking or doing sth)begin by v-ingI must begin by telling you about the factory itself.我先给你们谈谈工厂本身。
begin sth by v-ingThe professor began his lecture by telling a joke.教授在讲课前先讲一个笑话。
begin as(v.+prep.)以(某职业)开始自己的生涯start one's life work by being (a workman in a certain trade, etc.)begin as sb/sthMany important businessmen began as factory workers.许多显赫的企业家都是从工厂的工人做起的。
She began as an actress.她以当演员开始她的职业生涯。
These clubs began as coffeehouses in the seventeenthcentury.这些夜总会在17世纪时原来是咖啡馆。
各种高级词替换
Firstly:previously,beforehand,foremost,initially,originally,formerly, principally,mainly,essentially,basically,generally,commonly,universally,onthe whole,fundamentally,tobeginwith,tostartwith,firstofall,attheoutset⋯Then:subsequently,afterward,thereafter,afterthat,succeeding(adj.), secondarily,whatismore,furthermore(furthemrore)⋯Lastly:ultimately,eventually,inconclusion,toconclude,asafinalpoint,lastof all,lastbutnotleast,finally⋯Too:aswell(句末),inaddition,besides,moreover,additionally,toboot, excessively,also,And:plus,aswellas,alongwith,inaddition,bonus,with⋯Or:otherwise,ifnot,before,orelse⋯So(adv.):therefore,thus,consequently,accordingly,asaresult,forthatreason, hence,that’swhyBecause:as,dueto,since,asto,inthat,forthereasonthat,for,nowthatBut:however,moreover,nevertheless,nonetheless,onthecontrary,ontheother hand,让步a lthough,eventhought,though,evenif,while,as,despitethefactth,at Only:just,merely,barely,singly,solely,rarely⋯Without:excluding,Very:extremely,acutely,decidedly,deeply,exceedingly,greatly,highly, uncommonly,profoundly,unusually⋯Actually:asamatteroffact,indeed,infact,inpointoffact,inreality,intruth, literally,truly⋯形容词/副词Important:essential,significant,vital,crucial,profound,playapushingrole, indispensable,requisite,critical,fundamental,primary,elementary,underlying, rudimentary,basically,necessary⋯附加-傻句替换：IthinkthatAismoreimportantthanB.(这是经典大傻句！以）下句中的'important'可随意替换同义词1.AisimportanttoB.2.Aplaysan/aimportantroletoB.3.Aisof(great\enormous\significant\awesome)toB.4.Bcannot(live\developed\grow\survive\achieve)withoutA.5.Ameans(alot\agreatdeal\much)toB.6.TheimportanceofA(toB)canneverbe(exaggerated\denied\ignored\doubted).7.Aiseverything/thewholeworldtoB.8.BisfundamentalonA.9.Amatters/countstoB.10.NothingismorecrucialtoBthanA.11.AistoBwhatthe(foundationistoaskyscraper\wateristofish\theheartisto ahuman)Big:gigantic,massive,colossal,enormous,immense,gargantuan,tremendous, titanic,giant,vast,large,huge,monster,bulky,many:numerous,myriad,infinite,forever(adv.):infinity,eternal,timeless,everlasting，undying,endless, changeless,perpetually,Small:minimum,diminutive,minute,petite,wee,undersized,teeny,tiny,little,petite（女子身高娇小）Good:marvelous,fabulous,gorgeous,spectacular,outstanding,distinguished, remarkable,superb,incredible,unbelievable,outofthisworld,magnificent,charming, stunning,fantastic,terrific,excellent,great,wonderful,amazing,awesome Bad:awful,terrible,dreadful,defective,faulty,imperfect,inadequate,poor, substandard,unsatisfactory,harmful,damaging,deleterious,detrimental,hurtful,ruinous,unhealthy,evil,immoral⋯Clever:brilliant,knowledgeable,intellectual,intelligent,excellent,bright,smart Happy:delightful,delectable,elated,glad,overjoyed,pleased,jubilant,merry, joyful,Beautiful:charming,charismatic,attractive,gorgeous,pretty,endearing,sweet, adorable,eye-catching,handsome,hot,cute,gooldo-oking,lovable,engaging⋯Fast：swift,quick,rapid,speedy,hasty,nippy,likelightning,hurry(v):hustle,rush,makehaste, tear,steponit,dash,getamoveon,steponit,scoot.Easy:simple,effortless,notrouble,painless,plainsailing,uncomplicated, undemanding,unproblematic,apieceofcake(ifnormal),child’splay(informal),⋯Clear:obvious,apparent,blatant,comprehensible,conspicuous,distinct,evident, manifest,palpable,plain,pronounced,recognizable,transparent,intelligible,lucid,plai n,understandable,uninvolved,simple,⋯Direct:bald,basic,frank,naked,plain,sincere,stark,straightforward,candid,forthright,outspoken⋯.Difficult:hard,tricky,complicated,complex,intricate,involved,knotty, perplexing,puzzling,thorny⋯Angry:annoyed,cross,displeased,enraged,exasperated,incensed,infuriated,irate,mad(informal),livid(informal),berserk,outraged,resentful...Dangerous:perilous,breakneck,chancy(informal),hazardous,insecure,precarious,risky,unsafe,vulnerable词动Think(that):holdthe(opinion/belief/position/standpoint/idea)that,assume,believe,d eem,reckon,argue,maintain,suppose,conceive,insist,beconvinced,tomyknowledge,personally ,frommypersonalperspective,asfarasIamconcerned,frommypointofview,frommyangle,consider,conceive,perspective...Show:convey,reveal,express,corroborate,justify,imply,verify,clarify,signify,exe mplify,illuminate,substantiate,demonstrate,elucidate,denote,characterizedas, instruct,display,disclose,indicate,means,explain,givean/aexample(reason, explanation)of,bearout,pointout,pointtoward⋯Know:realize,comprehend,identify,distinguish,discern,notice,perceive, recognize,see,understand,figureout,beacquaintedwith,befamiliarwith,Get:acquire,attain,acquire,achieve,obtain,gain“学习”不用learnSugges:t haveaproposalin,Increase:magnify,expand,proliferate,mushroom,improve,enhance,advance⋯Impress:affect,inspire,engraveon,imprintof,Influence:impact,affect,guide,sway,Stop:halt,cease,conclude,desist,end,pause,putanendto,quit,refrain,shut down,terminate⋯Make:create,assemble,built,construct,form,manufacture;fore,cause,compel, constrain,drive,impel,induce,oblige,prevail,upon,require⋯Give:present,award,contribute,deliver,donate,grant,handover,handout, provide,supplyBreak：separate,burst,crack,destroy,disintegrate,fracture,fragment,shatter, smash,snapDestroy:ruin,raze,annihilate,crush,demolish,devastate,eradicate,shatter, wipeout,wreck,obliterate,weaken,undermine⋯Happen:occur,comeabout,cometopass,develop,result,takeplace,transpire名词Problem:issue,question,case,trouble,difficulty,dilemma.Meeting:conference,discussion,assembly,conclave,congress,convention, gatheringsession,assignation,encounter,confrontation,argument,controversy⋯Study:learning,application,lessons,reading,research,schoolwork, examination,analysis,consideration,contemplation,inspection,investigation, knowledge,scholarship⋯Advantage:benefit,dominance,precedence,profit,superiority,merit⋯Disadvantage:shortcoming,weakness,inconvenience,drawback,deficiency,flaw,handicap(alsov.妨碍),downside,limitation.Life:existence,conduct,lifestyle,wayoflife。
人教版九年级英语上册词组
人教版九年级英语上册词组Unit 1e back from从…. 回来2. be happy to do sth.很高兴干某事3.take place发生4.by the way 顺便问一下5.take photos 照相6.so… that如此…以至于7.too…to do…太…而不能干…8.not +adj.+enough to do sth.不足够…能干….9.for a long time 长时间10.have/has been to曾经去过某地，回来了11.have/has gone to去某地了，还没有回来12.have/has been in/at一直在某地13.take part in=join in参加某种活动14.join in参加某种组织15.in a disabled children’s home在残疾儿童之家16.learn…from…向…学习17.have no time to do sth.没时间干…18.put on上映，穿上19.more than=over多于20.in the 1960s在二十世纪六十年代21.the living conditions生活条件22.be crowded with挤满…23.have the chance to do 有机会干…24.the reform and opening-up改革开放25.not only…but also 不但…而且26.in order to do=so as to do…in order that…=so that..为了干某事27.keep in touch with 与…保持联系28.see sth. oneself 亲眼目睹…29.far away 遥远的30.receive a good education受到好的教育31.all sorts/kinds of 各种各样的32.succeed in doing sth.=be successful in doing sth. 成功做某事33.dream about/of doing sth.梦想干某事34.thanks to 多亏35.make great/rapid progress 取得巨大的进展36.make progress in doing sth.在干某事方面取得进展37.play a part/role in….在…中起作用38.hide-and-seek捉迷藏39.in one’s spare/free time在某人的闲余时间40.play cards打扑克41.places of interest名胜42.in the past在过去Unit 21.get/be lost 迷路2.each other 互相3.call/ring sb. up 打电话给某人4.go shopping 购物5.at least/at most至少/至多6.too many/much太多…7.have a population of有…人口8.increase to增加到9.increase by增加了10.developing/ developed country发展中国家/发达国家11.because of 因为；由于12.be strict with sb/ in sth.对某人/某物要求严格13.carry out 执行14.supply sth. to sb.=supply sb. With sth.给某人提供某物15.provide sth. for sb.=provide sb. With sth.给某人提供某物16.offer sth. to sb.=offer sb. Sth.给某人提供某物17.be short of…缺少…18.so far=up to now 到目前为止19.take measures to do sth. 采取措施干某事20.have fun doing 开心干某事21.offer a good education 提供一个良好的教育22.work well in doing sth. 干..有成效23.be known/famous as作为…而闻名24.be known/famous for由于...而闻名25.for example/instance例如26.have a long way to go 有很长的路要走27.20 percent百分之二十28.called=named=with the name of…名字叫…29.be surrounded by/with被…环绕30.live close to nature亲近自然31.be careful with…小心….32.discourage doing sth.阻止干…33.belong to 属于…34.分数=分子/分母=基数词/序数词35.2/3=two thirds36.have difficulty/ trouble in doing sth.干某事有困难Unit 31.be/get used to doing…习惯于干…ed to do sth.过去常常干某事3.as a matter of fact =in fact 事实上e for a visit来参观5.stand for代表6.show sb. Sth.=show sth. to sb.给某人出示某物7.hundreds of数百计8.break out 爆发9.in need 在困难时10.decide on doing sth.=decide to do sth.=make a decision to do sth. 决定干某事11.feel good about oneself 自我感觉良好12.live a normal life 过着正常的生活13.according to…根据…14.be away from …远离…15.help sb. out帮助某人走出困境16.around/all over /throughout/the world全世界17.have a problem with…方面有问题18.have a mental illness有精神疾病19.on purpose故意的20.have an effect/influence on…对…有影响21.raise the children抚养孩子22.steal sth. from sb.偷某人东西23.give support to sb.给某人提供帮助24.think of…as…把…当作25.afford an education支付起教育26.raise money捐钱27.make a contribution to为…做贡献28.encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人干某事29.moral development德育发展30.modern thinking现代意识31.at the same time 同时32.take drugs 吸毒33.obey/break the rules遵守违反规则34.at home and abroad 国内外35.in the past/last few years 在过去的几年中36.pay… for 为…付款Unit 41.There be+sb./sth doing ..,有某人/某物在干什么2.have a picnic 野餐3.pour…into…把…倒入…里面4.cut down砍倒5.have/get a pain in….. .疼痛6.can’t bear/stand doing sth.不能忍受干某事7.be harmful to…=do harm to…对……是有害的8.in a bad mood 处于坏情绪9.the dead fish死鱼10.you’d better do…你最好干…11.everywhere=here and there到处12.not all并非所有的….13.humans’ health人类的健康14.in noisy conditions在嘈杂状况下15.lose one’s hearing丧失某人的听力16.hearing loss听力丧失17.It’s reported that…据报道说18.It’s said that…据说19.It’s believed that…据相信20.It’s known that…众所周知21.manage to do sth 设法做某事22.at midnight 在午夜23.go deaf 变聋24.quite a few =many 相当多25.no better than 与…一样（差、坏）26.in public 在公共场所27.two days later 两天后Unit 51.as a result结果2.change/turn into...变成…3.blow away吹走4.wash away冲走5.take away带走6.human beings=mans=humans人类7.protect the environment保护环境8.die out灭绝9.the importance of…的重要性10.something useful有用的东西11.walk on grass 践踏草坪12.care for=look after=take care of 关心；照顾13.make rules to do制定规则干某事14.pick flowers 摘花15.give some advice/suggestions to …给……一些建议16.in the beginning =at first=to begin with=to start with 在开端17.do/try one’s best to do sth.尽力干…18.be good/bad for…对…有好/坏处19.prevent/stop/keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事20.be important to…对….很重要21.escape…from….从…逃跑22.avoid doing sth.避免干…23.save water节约用水24.be covered with…被…覆盖25.in danger of 处于……的危险中26.day by day 一天天e into being 形成28.cut off 切断29.pass through 通过；穿过30.be helpful to 对……有帮助31.refer to 指的是…涉及…32.deal with 处理33.at the same time 同时34.take up 占据Unit 61.interview sb. about sth. 采访某人某事2.spread the message 传递信息3.encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事4.both sides of paper双面纸5.save money 省钱6.save energy节约能源7.Easier said than done.说着容易做着难。
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For a start 代替to begin with
排比句，our knowledge will be well enriched ,our horizons
．．．．．．．． will be greatly broadened
知识和眼界，以及观念，看法
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．）．
．．．．．，．opinion,conception
．．（．views
Function in the disservice of =====do harm to
No garden has no weed=== every coin has two side
A slice of =a part of
Unfavorable =bad
F．ruits==merits/virtue
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．s(替换advantage)
D．efect
．．．．．===disadvantage
F．acet
．．．．=aspect
dreadful
．．．．．．．．, unfavorable, poor, adverse
．．．．．．
．．．．．．．, ill (有害的)替换bad 如果bad做表语，可以有be less
impressive
．．．．．．．．．．替换
an army of most, if not all注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，
many后一定要有词。
Eg. Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that….．同理
．．用．
most, if not all ,
．．．．．
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．替换
．．most.
for my part ,from my own perspective替换in my opinion
little if anything,
．．．．．．
．．hardly
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．替换
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．或．little or nothing
.beneficial, rewarding替换helpful,
client.shopper purchaser, 替换customer
extremely, intensely
．．．．
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．替换
．．very
be indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代替indicate,suggest,fearful
pour attention into替换pay attention to
frown on sth替换be against , disagree with sth
to name only a few, as an example替换for example, for instance next to / virtually impossible,替换nearly / almost impossible
give rise to trigger 替换cause.。