牛津高中英语模块五第一单元知识点整理及单元练习

新牛津高中英语模块五第一单元知识点整理及单元练习
M5 Unit 1
一、词汇大集合
1、单词
1. betray: vt. 背叛，出卖，泄露
betray sth to sb: 向某人出卖∕泄露……
betray oneself: 露出原形
betrayal: [biˋtreəl] n. 背叛
①He would rather die than betray the document to the enemy.
②She said she was sorry, but her eyes betrayed her secret delight. 她说她很难过，但她的眼神里却露出她内心的喜悦。

③an act of betrayal: 背叛的行为
2. (Page 2, Lines 8-9) I must have sounded……quiz, saying how easy it was.
⑴must have done: 一定做过……
⑵“saying how easy it was”为现在分词作状语，表示伴随状态。

3. fail sth: 未能通过……
fail to do sth: 未能做……
①I failed my driving test the first time I took it.
②He never fails to write to his mother every week.
4. pretend sth: 假装，扮作……
pretend to do sth: 假装做……
pretend that: 假装……
①He pretended illness as an excuse.
②Tom pretended to be reading a book when the teacher came in.
③She pretended that she was not at home when we rang the bell.
5. admit (admitted；admitting): vt.
(1) 承认admit (doing) sth: 承认做……
admit that: 承认……
admit sb to be + n / adj: 承认某人是……
①He admitted having stolen that car. / He admitted that he had stolen the car.
②We all admit him to be a fool.
(2) 允许……进入，接受,录取
admit sb to / into sth: 允许……进入……
①Each ticket admits two people to the party.
②Tom has been admitted into Peking University.
6. beg (sb) to do sth: 恳请（某人）做……
beg (sb) for sth: 恳请（某人）……
beg (for) sth: 乞讨……
①I beg you not take any risks.
②He begged her for forgiveness.
③John was so poor that he had to beg money from passers-by.
7. keep one’s secret: 保守秘密
keep one’s word / promise: 遵守诺言
break one’s word / promise: 违背诺言
8. (Page 2, Line 18) ……paper that said……
say: vt. 写到，表明；显示read: vt. 写着；指示，显示
①The clock said it was 7: 30.
②I noticed a sign reading / saying “No Parking!”.
9. swear (swore, sworn): vt. & vi.
(1) 发誓，宣誓
swear to do sth: 发誓做……
swear that: 发誓……
①Mona swore never to return to home.
②Victor swore that he would get his revenge(复仇).
(2) 咒骂，诅咒
swear at sb: 咒骂……
Rich(里奇) tripped over a dog and swore at it.
10. spy on sth: 监视∕窥探……
These days I have been spying on the enemy’s movements.
11. focus: vt. & vi. 集中注意力于；(使)聚焦
n. 焦点，重点
focus sth on sth: 集中……于……
focus on sth: 集中注意……
The recent wave of bombing has focused public attention on the area.
②I was so tired to focus on anything.
③The focus of the conference is on environmental issues.
12. manner: n. 方式；举止，态度[C]
manners: n. (1) 礼貌，礼仪(2) 风俗，习惯
in this manner: 用这种方式
table manners: 餐桌礼仪
It’s good / bad manners to do sth: 做……有∕无礼貌
①He objected in a forceful manner. 他坚决反对。

②It’s bad manners to talk with your mouth full. 满嘴都是食物说话不礼貌。

13. guilty: adj. 内疚的，有罪的
be / feel guilty about (doing) sth: 因为……而内疚
be guilty of sth: 犯……罪
①I feel guilty about not visiting him often.
②He was found guilty. 他被判有罪。

③The boys were guilty of theft. 这些男孩犯盗窃罪。

14. remark: n. & v. 谈论，评论，谈到
make a remark about sb: 议论……
make no remark: 不加评论
remark on sth: 谈论……
remark that: 谈到，说起
①She could hear others were making rude remarks about her.
②I couldn’t help remarking on her youth. 我脱口而出说她那么年轻。

③The boys were guilty of theft. 这些男孩犯盗窃罪。

④Critics remarked that the play was not original. 评论家指出该剧缺乏创意。

15. argue with sb about / over sth: 因为……与某人争吵
argue that: 认为
argue sb into / out of doing sth: 说服某人（不）做……
argument: n. 争论；争吵；争议；论点；论据
①We are arguing with each other over the holiday expenses.
②He argued that more importance should be attached to the reform of the criminals.
③They argued him into withdrawing his complaint. 他们说服他撤回了投诉。

16. apologize to sb for sth:
make an apology to sb for sth:
We apologize for the late departure of this flight.
17. be sensitive to sb:
(1) 对……体贴
(2) 对……敏感
①She has been sensitive to his husband since they got married.
②A writer mustn’t be too sensitive to criticism. 作家不可对批评意见反映过激。

18. blame: vt. 责备，指责n. 责任，责备，指责[U]
blame sb for (doing) sth: 因为……责备某人
blame sth on sb: 把……归咎于……
sb be to blame for sth: 某人因为……应受责备
take the blame: 承担责任
①A bad workman blames his tools. 拙匠埋怨工具差。

②Teachers always blame the students for their rude behaviors.
③You should not blame your failure on the difficulty of the paper.
④It is I who am to blame for the mistake.
⑤You can’t expect Jerry to take all the blame.
19. the attitude towards sth: 对于……的态度
What is your attitude towards your schoolwork?
20. anchor: v. (1) 扎根于；
(2) 抛锚，停船；
(3) 固定n. 锚，支柱
drop / cast anchor: 抛锚
be anchored in sth: 扎根于
①They brought the boat into the harbor and dropped anchor. 他们把船开进海港下锚停泊。

②We anchored the tent with pegs. 我们用桩子固定帐篷。

③Literature must be anchored on our life.
④Home is his anchor when he is away on business.
21. be cautious about sth: 对……小心∕谨慎
cautiousness: n. 小心∕谨慎[U]
These people are cautious about spending money. 这些人用钱仔细。

22. be eager to do sth: 急于做……
be eager for sth: 急于∕渴望……
①Clara(克莱拉) was eager to tell her side of the story. 克莱拉急于讲述她对那件事的看法。

②She was eager for success.
23. respond: vi. 作出反应；回答
respond to sth / respond that: 对…..作出反应；回答……
①She responded to my letter with a phone call.
②The doctor responded that he couldn’t tell the name of the disease.
24. response: n. 反应；回应；答复in response to sth: 以回应……
make response to sth: 回应……make no response: 不作回答
①The laws were passed in response to public pressure.
②He made no response to my question.
25. regardless: adv.
(1) 不管怎样；无论如何（用在句末）
(2) regardless of sth: 不管，不顾
①You get a lot of criticism, but you have to carry on regardless.
②All our proposals were rejected regardless of their merits(价值，优点).
26. end up: 结果为；以…….结束
end up + 介词短语∕adj∕doing
①If you continue to steal, you will end up in prison. 你要是继续行窃，终归得进监狱。

②If he carries on driving like that, he’ll end up dead. 他照那样开车，早晚得丢命。

③Because he had made full preparations for the interview, he ended up working in the company.
27. be committed to sth / sb: ；忠于……
①This development area is committed to creating a perfect investment environment. 这个开发区致力于创造一个完美的投资环境。

②She was strongly committed to her job, a policewoman by eminence. 她非常忠于职守，一个卓越的女警。

28 quarrel with sb about sth:
have a quarrel with sb about sth:
We aren’t going to quarrel with each other about a few dollars.
29. in conclusion / to conclude: 总之
In conclusion, I'd like to thank you for all you've done for me. 最后，我要感谢你们为我所做的一切。

30. mercy: n. 仁慈，怜悯，宽容
at the mercy of sb: 任由……摆布
show mercy to sb: have mercy on sb:
leave sb to the mercy / mercies of sb: 任凭某人受……摆布
①They were lost at sea, at the mercy of wind and weather.
②The terrorists showed no mercy the refugees(难民).
③He won’t leave the cat to the mercy of the boy.
31. get through: vt. 完成；通过；批准通过
get through to sb / sth: 到达……；接通……的电话
①get through a task / an exam.
②Millions of refugees will die if these supplies don’t get through to them.
③With great efforts, I finally got through to the manager.
32. acquaintance: n. (1) 熟人；泛泛之交[C]
(2) 认识，了解[U, C]
make one’s acquaintance:
make the acquaintance of sb: of one’s acquaintance: 所认识∕理解的
on first acquaintance: 初次相见时
①I am delighted to make your acquaintance.
②a certain lawyer of my acquaintance.
③Even on first acquaintance, we could see he wasn’t the right type. 初次见面就看出他不是对路子的人。

2、短语
1. 相处，进展get along (with)
2. 发展友谊develop friendships with
3. 值得做…be worth doing
4. 对….感到自豪be proud of/ take pride in
5. 决心做be determined to do
6. 承认某事/承认做admit sth/ doing/ that
7. 答应某人（不）做某事promise sb to (not) do
8. 信守诺言keep one’s word
9. 因某事向某人道歉apologize to sb for sth
10. 对某事有天赋be gifted at
11. 不久before long
12. 也as well (as)
13. 劝说某人做某事persuade sb to do/ into doing
14. 假装做…pretend to do/ that
15. 阻止做某事discourage sb from doing
16. 接通get through ( to sb)
17. 一方面……另一方面on the one hand……on the other hand
18. 因为某事而责备某人blame sb for sth/ doing
19. 对….有影响have an effect on
20. 各种各样的 a variety of
21. 以….为基础be based on
22. 不顾，不管regardless of
23. 阻止某人做某事prevent / stop / keep sb from doing
24. 保重，小心，当心take care
25. 互相one another
二、单元综合练习
单元练习1
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Customers with a strong emotional investment in your company or brand will feel __________(背叛) if you ever let them down.
2．They feel __________(内疚) about not being able to see their son often because they are busy with their work.
3．Laura is __________(敏感的) about her weight，so don't mention it before her.
4．It is __________(荒谬的) to believe that number 13 is unlucky.
5．With my teacher's help，I have the confidence to __________(克服) difficulties and make progress in my study.
6．Obviously，different __________ (态度) towards opportunities may lead to quite different consequences.
7．I apologize for the delay in __________(回复)to your message and greatly appreciate your patience.
8．Chinese leaders are __________(坚定的)to continuing Deng Xiaoping's path of openingup policy and economic reform.
9．They cried for __________(宽恕) but their requests were met with laughter.
10．The two organizations work together to raise public awareness of the vast scale of hunger ____________(全世界)．
11．We do not need to __________(羡慕，忌妒)any other person，for our existence is actually unique!
12．The practice of law requires __________(了解)with court procedures.
13．If we pass the entrance examination and are fortunately a__________to a university，we shall not stop making effort.
14．It's no use a__________ about the question with him，for he won't change his opinion.
15．P________ not to hear what I said，she continued to walk upstairs.
【答案】 1.betrayed 2.guilty 3.sensitive 4.absurd 5.overcome 6.attitudes mitted
9．mercy10.worldwide11.envy12.acquaintance
13．admitted14.arguing15.Pretending
Ⅱ.选词填空
keep one's word；regardless of；spy on；thanks to；look back on；be based on；end up；get through；rely on；keep pace with
1．You will __________ in debt if you keep on spending money like that.
2．If you __________ to someone，you succeed in contacting them on the telephone.
3．You must work harder than before if you want to __________ the top students in our class.
4．__________ what others say，you should go on.
5．Many working women __________ their parents to help look after their children.
6．Our neighbors are always looking out of their windows，________ us.
7．I always __________ my high school days，which were the happiest time in my life.
8．The play succeeded __________ fine acting by all the cast.
【答案】 1.end up 2.get through 3.keep pace with
4．Regardless of5.rely on6.spying on7.look back on
8．thanks to
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．我相信他不会再犯这么愚蠢的错误了。

I ______________ that he will make such foolish mistakes.
2．这部影片如此感人以至于我们禁不住流下泪来。

This film was so impressive that we _______________.
3．时代变了，她也变了。

Times have changed and __________.
4．有人向他求助的时候，他总是很乐意帮忙。

He tends to be willing to give his hands __________________ for help.
5．我再也想不起来了——我当时一定是失去了知觉。

I can't remember any more—I ________________ consciousness.
【答案】 1.don't believe 2.couldn't help crying 3.so has she 4.when asked 5.must have lost
Ⅳ.教材活用
根据教材文本完成下列表格，每空一词。

5．cheerful6.Stupid7.crying8.angry9.out10.forgive
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
Candy Bruton,56，a Delta Airline flight attendant，flies about 90 hours over the course of 16 days a month.
But the flying hour is only part of the time attendants spend on the job.Bruton explained that they are also required to put in“ground time”．They arrive about an hour before the flight takes off to make sure that the cabin is
ready to go，the galley is fully stocked and all the required safety equipment is aboard and working.At the airport，Bruton and her fellow flight attendants are the first people on the plane and the last ones off.
For sports charters，attendants distribute welcoming snacks and drinks as the athletes，coaches and team officials board the plane，then provide nonstop service in the air.They handdeliver everything—no carts in the aisles(过道)．Because the same attendants often are assigned to the same teams，they get to know what people want to eat and drink.“They don't have to ask，”Bruton said.
For a regularly scheduled flight，attendants help passengers put away their carryon bags and get settled so the plane can depart on time.“In the air，they fill requests and continually check on the passengers，”Bruton said.
“I like to pick a couple of passengers and get to know them，”she said.“It's always the people.In the air，you're never alone...I've developed lifelong friendships with flight attendants and passengers.”
The job is not just about service.“A lot of what we do is safetyrelated，”Bruton said.In 36 years of flying，Bruton said she's seen only two emergencies，both of which were minor incidents that did not endanger anyone on the plane.
1．It is unnecessary for Bruton to do the job of ________.
A．arriving at the airport before the flight takes off
B．handing out foods and drinks and packing carryon bags
C．chatting with some passengers on the plane
D．checking on the passengers' requests and serving them
【解析】细节理解题。

从第二段第三句、第四段第一句及第四段最后一句可以看出A、B、D项内容是这名乘务员分内的工作；从第五段“I like to pick a couple of...”可以看出和乘客聊天并不是她分内的工作。

【答案】 C
2．What can we know about Bruton from the passage?
A．She is keen on her job as an attendant.
B．She has been an attendant since she was nineteen.
C．She is not only an attendant but also a maintenance worker.
D．She is only in charge of serving coaches and team officials.
【解析】推理判断题。

从Bruton所说的话中我们可以看出她的工作虽然辛苦，但她还是非常热爱自己的工作的。

B项中提到的年龄应该是20岁；C项中提到她也做地面工作，但并不是维修工；D项不光是为教练和领导服务，还为运动员服务，故错误。

【答案】 A
3．The same attendants are assigned to the same teams so that ________.
A．they can communicate with each other easily
B．they can know passengers' demands
C．they are familiar with the airline
D．they have the same passion for planes
【解析】细节理解题。

从第三段的第三句“Because the same attendants often are assigned...”可以看出答案为B。

【答案】 B
B
Many times when children make a mistake，starting with breaking a window while playing football or skipping classes and ending with stealing something of fighting with another child，parents are always blamed by the society for not having known how to educate their offspring(后代)．The situation is not that easy to explain.
Parents always look for the best interest of their children and many times they are ready to take measures only for their sake.They know their children are suffering when they are obliged to stay indoors or when they have no money，but they have to teach them a lesson so that they won't repeat the same mistakes over and over again.When a child realizes that his father is talking seriously about him not being allowed to do something，he understands the gravity(严重性)of his deeds and he knows he will think twice before making the same mistake again.
These are the cases of the responsible parents，who suffer when they see that their children are not happy but who resist the temptation of forgiving them so easily so that they realize the gravity of their actions not only at present but also for the future.
On the other hand there are parents who always find excuses for their
children's behavior，who never consider they make mistakes or if they just do what they call“childish”things lacking importance.
When you buy your children everything he has ever dreamt of or when you tell him he can wear a necklace even if he is only 13，he will become so spoiled that he won't take into consideration anything of what you are telling him later on.He will get to the point when he steals from the house or from a shop so that he can afford to buy cigarettes or drugs.
4．What does the author imply in the first paragraph?
A．It is the parents who are to blame when their children make mistakes.
B．Children are easy to make mistakes.
C．It is not always right to blame parents when their children make mistakes.
D．Educating their children is the responsibility of the parents.
【解析】推断判断题。

作者在第一段中列举了孩子常犯的一些错误，社会上经常因为孩子犯错误而责备他们的父母，作者认为这种做法是不正确的。

第一段最后一句提示了答案。

【答案】 C
5．According to the author，if a child makes a mistake，the parents should ________.
A．teach the child a lesson
B．understand the child and forgive him or her
C．not make him or her stay indoors
D．not forgive him or her at all
【解析】细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“...but they have to teach them a lesson so that they won't repeat the same mistakes over and over again.”可知答案。

【答案】 A
6．We can infer from the passage that ________.
A．parents' attitude towards their children's mistakes affects their children's behavior greatly
B．parents' excuses for their children's behavior make no difference to their children
C．children are hard to educate if they often make mistakes
D．parents who make excuses for their children's bad deeds are not good parents
【解析】推断判断题。

根据第三段内容可以推测父母对孩子所犯错误的态度对孩子行为的影响很大。

【答案】 A
7．The purpose of writing this passage is to ________.
A．tell us it is normal that children make mistakes
B．show parents how to deal with the children who make mistakes
C．make us know why children often make mistakes
D．give some advice on how to forgive the children who make mistakes
【解析】主旨大意题。

本文重点说明父母应该怎样处理孩子所犯的错误才能让孩子在今后避免再犯类似的错误，才能让他们意识到自己所犯错误的严重性。

所以作者的意图是为了告诉父母应该怎样应对犯错误的孩子。

【答案】 B
单元练习2
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2014·连云港模拟)According to a recent survey, homework is what students most often ________ for their lack of sleep.
A．blame B．remind
C．accuse D．suspect
【解析】句意：根据最近一项调查，作业是学生缺乏睡眠所在的主要原因。

由短语blame ...for ...“为……责备……”可知应选A，其他动词与of搭配。

【答案】 A
2．(2014·扬州高三模拟)Don't pretend ________ hard. I know that you are reading a magazine at the same time.
A．to work B．working
C．to be working D．to have worked
【解析】句意：不要假装在努力工作。

我知道你同时也在看杂志。

pretend to be doing sth.“假装正在做某事”。

【答案】 C
3．(2014·皖南八校联考)Generally，________ to a university in the USA, foreign students need to prove their strong ability in using English.
A．admitting B．admitted
C．to be admitted D．being admitted
【解析】句意：一般说来，要想进入美国大学学习，外国学生需要证明他们使用英语的较强能力。

be admitted to/into“被接收(入学、入院等)”，此处动词不定式短语作目的状语。

【答案】 C
4．(2014·江苏扬州一模)With our knowledge ________ practice，we can make great contributions to our society.
A．to base on B．basing on
C．based on D．base on
【解析】句意：我们的知识以实践为基础，我们能够为社会做出很大的贡献。

be based on“以……为基础，以……为根据”，knowledge和base之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故选C。

【答案】 C
5．(2014·安庆模拟)Generally speaking，the limits of a person's intelligence are fixed at birth，but whether or not he reaches those limits will ________ his environment.
A．focus on B．rely on
C．agree on D．carry on
【解析】句意：一般说来，一个人的智商限度在出生的时候就已经固定了，他是否能达到这个限度还要取决于他所处的环境。

rely on“依靠，取决于”，符合句意。

focus on“集中于”；agree on“达成共识”；carry on“继续”。

【答案】 B
6．(2014·合肥八中模拟)I am sorry, but I didn't mean to keep you waiting here so long. Can you ________ me?
A．hesitate B．forgive
C．apologize D．satisfy
【解析】句意：很抱歉，我不是有意让你在这里久等。

你能原谅我吗？hesitate“犹豫不决”；forgive“原谅，宽恕”；apologize“道歉”；satisfy“满足”。

【答案】 B
7．(2014·盐城高三模拟)I like reading books about ________ story of Sang Lan who has ________ positive attitude towards life.
A．the；the B．a；a
C．a；/ D．the；a
【解析】第一空特指桑兰的故事，故用定冠词the; have a positive attitude towards表示“对……抱着积极的态度”。

【答案】 D
8．(2014·安徽七校大联考)—What is going on over there?
—They are arguing ________ each other ________ private affairs.
A．about；with B．with；about
C．with；with D．about；about
【解析】句意：——那儿发生了什么事？——他们正为私事争论不休。

argue with sb. about sth.“与某人争论某事”。

【答案】 B
9．The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once ________.
A．they had quarreled B．they have quarreled
C．have they quarreled D．had they quarreled
【解析】否定副词never放于句首时，句子要采用部分倒装，所以排除A、B两项；根据and前的句子时态可知，此处应用现在完成时。

故选C。

【答案】 C
10．(2014·合肥模拟)I made ________ acquaintance of his sister at the party and then I fell in ________ love with her.
A．an；a B．the；a
C．the；/ D．an；a
【解析】当表示“与某人结识”时用make the acquaintance of sb.，该短语中的名词前要用定冠词，表示特指。

而fall in love中love是抽象名词，其前不用冠词。

【答案】 C
11．(2014·亳州高三教学质检)I don't believe you can do today's job with yesterday's methods and be in tomorrow's business，________？
A．do I B．don't I
C．can you D．can't you
【解析】在反意疑问句中，当陈述部分是“I don't think/suppose/expect/believe等＋宾语从句”结构时，附加问句应与从句一致，同时要注意陈述部分的否定转移现象。

分析本题的句子结构可知应选C。

【答案】 C
12．(2014·安徽名校联考)I believe we could face delays if we travel by bus，________ traffic jams.
A．thanks to B．despite
C．regardless of D．in spite of
【解析】句意：我相信如果我们坐公交车，可能由于交通堵塞而延误。

thanks to意为“由于”，符合语境。

despite和in spite of均意为“尽管”；regardless of 意为“不管，不顾”。

【答案】 A
13．(2014·皖南八校高三联考)Looking you straight in the eye does not mean the person is telling the truth.Experienced liars often do this in a(n) ________ way，playing on people believing the myth.
A．automatic B．compulsory
C．sensitive D．deliberate
【解析】句意：直视你并不意味着这个人在告诉你实情，有经验的骗子经常会故意这样做，以欺骗相信这种荒诞说法的人。

deliberate“故意的，蓄意的”，符合句意。

automatic“自动的，必然的”；compulsory“强制的，强迫的”；sensitive “敏感的”。

【答案】 D
14．(2014·湖北黄石三校高三调研)Whether in a professional or social setting it's always ________ if you fail to introduce two people when you're their only shared acquaintance.
A．superior B．awkward
C．mysterious D．current
【解析】句意：无论是在职场还是在社交场合，如果你是两个陌生人唯一的熟人而不出面介绍的话，这会让人觉得很尴尬。

awkward“令人尴尬的”，符合句意。

superior“优秀的”；mysterious“神秘的”；current“现在的”。

【答案】 B
15．—Guess what！I have got A for my term paper.
—Great！You ________ read widely and put a lot of work into it.
A．must B．should
C．must have D．should have
【解析】句意：——你猜这是什么！我的学期论文得了A。

——好极了！你一定广泛阅读并且下了很大工夫。

在英语中表示对过去事实的肯定推测用must have done。

【答案】 C
Ⅱ.完形填空
Another person's enthusiasm was what set me moving toward the success I have achieved.That person was my stepmother.
I was nine years old when she entered our home in rural Virginia.My father__1__ me to her with these words：“I would like you to meet the fellow who is __2__ for being the worst boy in this county and will probably start throwing rocks at you no __3__ than tomorrow morning.”
My stepmother walked over to me，__4__ my head slightly upward，and looked me right in the eye.Then she looked at my father and replied，“You are __5__.This is not the worst boy at all，__6__ the smartest one who hasn't yet found an outlet(释放的途径)for his enthusiasm.”
That statement began a(n) __7__ between us.No one had ever called me smart，my family and neighbors had built me up in my __8__ as a bad boy.My stepmother changed all that.
She changed many things.She __9__ my father to go to a dental school，from which he graduated with honors.She moved our family into the county seat，where my father's career could be more __10__ and my brother and I could be better __11__.
When I turned fourteen，she bought me a secondhand __12__ and told me
that she believed that I could become a writer.I knew her enthusiasm，I __13__ it had already improved our lives.I accepted her __14__ and began to write for local newspapers.I was doing the same kind of __15__ that great day I went to interview Andrew Carnegie and received the task which became my life's work later.I wasn't the __16__ beneficiary (受益者)．My father became the __17__ man in town.My brother and stepbrothers became a physician，a dentist，a lawyer，and a college president.
What power __18__ has! When that power is released to support the certainty of one's purpose and is __19__ strengthened by faith，it becomes an irresistible(不可抗拒的)force which poverty and temporary defeat can never __20__.
You can communicate that power to anyone who needs it.This is probably the greatest work you can do with your enthusiasm.
【语篇解读】本文讲述了一个继母对作者的肯定，从而激发了作者心中对成功的渴望，继母心中的热情，终于促使作者成功了的故事。

1．A.rushed B．sent
C．carried D．introduced
【解析】爸爸把“我”介绍给了她。

【答案】 D
2．A.distinguished B．favored
C．mistaken D．rewarded
【解析】因为是最坏的孩子而著名。

【答案】 A
3．A.sooner B．later
C．longer D．earlier
【解析】no later than 表示不迟于。

【答案】 B
4．A.dragged B．shook
C．raised D．bent
【解析】表示微微地抬了一下“我”的头。

【答案】 C
5．A.perfect B．right
C．wrong D．impolite
【解析】你错了。

【答案】 C
6．A.but B．so
C．and D．or
【解析】前面有not 后面用but，不是最坏的而是最聪明的。

【答案】 A
7．A.agreement B．friendship
C．gap D．relationship
【解析】这句话开始了我们之间的友谊，用友谊说明关系的亲密。

【答案】 B
8．A.opinion B．image
C．expectation D．mind
【解析】在“我”心目中“我”一直是一个坏男孩。

【答案】 D
9．A.begged B．persuaded
C．ordered D．invited
【解析】继母把“我”父亲说服了去上一个牙科学校。

【答案】 B
10．A.successful B．meaningful
C．helpful D．useful
【解析】在那儿“我”父亲的事业将更加成功。

【答案】 A
11．A.treated B．entertained
C．educated D．respected
【解析】而在那，我们兄弟可以得到更好的教育。

【答案】 C
12．A.camera B．radio
C．bicycle D．typewriter
【解析】给“我”买了二手的打字机，让“我”开始写作。

【答案】 D
13．A.considered B．suspected
C．ignored D．appreciated
【解析】“我”非常感激她的热心。

【答案】 D
14．A.belief B．request
C．criticism D．description
【解析】“我”接受了她的信念。

【答案】 A
15．A.teaching B．writing
C．studying D．reading
【解析】“我”从事的写作，因此用writing。

【答案】 B
16．A.next B．same
C．only D．real
【解析】“我”不是唯一的受益者。

【答案】 C
17．A.cleverest B．wealthiest
C．strongest D．healthiest
【解析】“我”爸爸成了我们镇上最富裕的人。

【答案】 B
18．A.enthusiasm B．sympathy
C．fortune D．confidence
【解析】热情有着多强大的力量呀！
【答案】 A
19．A.deliberately B．happily
C．traditionally D．constantly
【解析】不断地得到增强。

【答案】 D
20．A.win B．match
C．reach D．doubt
【解析】这种力量是贫穷和暂时的挫折所不能相比的。

【答案】 B
Ⅲ.阅读理解
(2014·安庆高三模拟)Text messaging is a surprisingly good way to receive candid responses to sensitive questions，according to a new study to be presented this week at the annual meeting of the American Association for Public Opinion Research.“The preliminary(初步的)results of our study suggest that people are more likely to disclose sensitive information via text messages than in voice interviews，”says Fred Conrad，a psychologist at the University of Michigan Institute for Social Research.
“This is sort of surprising”，says Conrad，“since many people thought that texting would decrease the likelihood of disclosing sensitive information because it creates a persistent，visual record of questions and answers that others might see on your phone and in the cloud.”
With text，the researchers also found that people were less likely to engage in“satisficing”—a survey industry term referring to the common practice of giving good enough，easy answers.“We believe people give more precise answers via texting because there's just not the time pressure in a largely asynchronous(非同步的)mode like text that there is in phone interviews，”says Conrad.“As a result，respondents are able to take longer to arrive at more accurate answers.”
Conrad conducted the study with Michael Schober，a professor of psychology at the New School for Social Research.“We're in the early stages of analyzing our findings，”syas Schober.“But so far it seems that texting may reduce some respondents' tendency to shade the truth or to present themselves in the best possible light in an interview，even when they know it's a human interviewer they are communicating with via text.What we cannot yet be sure of is who is most likely to be disclosive in text.Is it different for frequent texters，or generational，for example？”
For the study，the researchers recruited approximately 600 iPhoneusers through Google Ads，offering them iTunes Store rewards to participate in the study.Their goals were to see whether responses to the same questions differed depending on several variables：whether the questions were asked via text or
voice，whether a human or a computer asked the questions，and whether the environment，including the presence of other people and the likelihood of multitasking，affected the answers.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇研究报告。

研究表明，在涉及一些敏感问题时，短信更容易让人们之间透露实情，人们也更愿意通过短信的方式披露敏感信息，因为通过短信的方式可以让人们在回答问题时不受太多时间的限制，因而在陈述信息时更准确，而不是随口作答或泛泛回应。

1．The underlined word“candid”in Para.1 probably means ________.
A．straightforward B．critical
C．ambitious D．subjective
【解析】词义猜测题。

根据画线词上下文内容可知，对于敏感问题，发短信是得到某种坦诚回答的令人惊讶的好方式，由此可推断出，画线词是“坦率的”之意，与选项中straightforward(简单的，坦率的)的词义相近。

故答案选A。

【答案】 A
2．Why is it surprising that people are more likely to disclose sensitive information via text messages?
A．Because many people thought that texting would decrease the likelihood of disclosing sensitive information.
B．Because others might see the text messages on the phone.
C．Because people are less likely to engage in“satisficing”．
D．Because respondents are able to take longer to arrive at more accurate answers.
【解析】细节理解题。

根据第二段内容可知，短信会产生持久的可视记录，并且其他人可能也会在手机上看到。

B项内容符合题意。

故答案选B。

【答案】 B
3．We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．people fond of text messaging are more honest
B．texting will give away less sensitive information
C．different variables might affect the responses of messaging
D．about 600 iPhone users have been awarded iTunes by researchers
【解析】推理判断题。

根据最后一段第二句可知，对于同样的问题，其答。