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农业食品化学投稿要求

Scope, Policy, and Instructions for Authors(Revised May 2014)Contents (click on the topic)Submission of Manuscripts | Journal Scope | Manuscript Types | Ethics, Conflict of Interest | Author List | Editorial Peer Review Process |Manuscript Preparation – Title and Authorship – Abstract and Keywords – Introduction – Materials andMethods – Results and Discussion – Abbreviations and Nomenclature – Acknowledgment – References – Tables and Artwork – Table of Contents Graphics – Supporting Information – Currently Acceptable Word-Processing Packages – Word-Processing DetailsRevisions and Resubmissions | Journal Publishing Agreement | Proofs and Reprints | ReportingSpecific DataIMPORTANT MANUSCRIPT SUBMISSION REQUIREMENTSManuscripts and revised manuscripts must be submitted via the ACS Paragon Plus Web site (/login). E-mailed submissions and hardcopy submissions will not be processed. An overview of and complete instructions for the Web submission process are available at the ACS Paragon Plus Web site.When submitting, please be aware of the following requirements.•All manuscripts must be accompanied by a cover letter that includes an explanation of the manuscript’s significance, including its originality, its contribution to newknowledge in the field, and its relevance to research in agricultural and food chemistry.•The system requires authors to supply the names, e-mail addresses, and affiliations of at least four recommended reviewers. The recommended reviewers should be experts in the subject matter of the manuscript and not be anyone who is or has been a formeradviser/advisee, colleague in the same institution, research collaborator, and/or coauthor of papers and patents or in any other way has a conflict of interest.•The author’s preference for manuscript category is indicated during the submission process. However, the final decision on the category under which the manuscript will be listed lies with the Editor.•The manuscript abstract and text must appear in a single, double-spaced column; lines in the abstract and text must be numbered consecutively from beginning to end in a separate column at the left.•All coauthors listed on the title page of the manuscript must be entered into the Paragon Plus System at step 2 in the manuscript submission process. Only one correspondingauthor is allowed for each manuscript in Paragon Plus. Additional corresponding authors may be designated on the manuscript title page.•Authors selecting the Just Accepted manuscript option when submitting should be sure that the form of author and coauthor names as entered into the Paragon Plus System isidentical to the form on the manuscript title page.•References must be numbered in the order in which they appear in the text.•All of the text (including the title page, abstract, all sections of the body of the paper, figure captions, scheme or chart titles and footnotes, and references) and tabular material should be in one file, with the complete text first followed by the tabular material.• A separate conclusion section is not to be used. Conclusions should be incorporated into the results and discussion section.•If the manuscript is one of a series of companion manuscripts that will be published sequentially, please describe the planned series in the cover letter, mentioning previously published parts and giving an estimate of when subsequent parts will be submitted. Complete instructions for manuscript preparation and the Journal Publishing Agreement form are updated frequently and are available at the Journal’s Web site. Please conform to these instructions when submitting manuscripts.Authors whose manuscripts are published in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry will be expected to review manuscripts submitted by other researchers from time to time.JOURNAL SCOPEThe Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry publishes high-quality, cutting edge original research representing complete studies and research advances dealing with the chemistry and biochemistry of agriculture and food. The Journal also encourages papers with chemistry and/or biochemistry as a major component combined with biological/sensory/nutritional/toxicological evaluation related to agriculture and/or food. As a general rule, manuscripts dealing with herbal remedies or those testing specific compounds in cell-based assays related to disease states (e.g., “anticancer” activity) will no longer be considered within the scope of the Journal and should be submitted elsewhere. Manuscripts describing properties of extracts, without detailing the chemical composition of the extracts responsible for the described properties, will generally not be accepted for review.The Journal is organized into the following sections:Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry: crop protection chemistry, addressing synthesis combined with testing of new materials, environmental behavior and fate, residues, and mechanism of effects on both target and nontarget organisms.Analysis and Chemosensory Perception of Flavor: chemistry of flavor (i.e., smell, aroma, taste, texture, and color) of foods and associated with plant and animal production of foods.Analytical Methods: new analytical method development using chemical, physical, and biological methods. When a manuscript describes the application of an existing method, even when modified, the category selected should be driven by the application (e.g., Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Analysis and Chemosensory Perception of Flavor, Bioactive Constituents and Functions, etc.).Bioactive Constituents and Functions: identification and characterization of bioactive constituents (e.g., antioxidants and other phytonutrients and nutraceuticals) in foods and how they function to affect health status of consumers, including molecular nutrition aspects. Manuscripts describing work with traditional medicines, herbal remedies, etc., will not normally be considered. We also urge authors to evaluate bioactives in animal models or clinical human trials and not rely solely on cell-based or other in vitro assays.Biofuels and Biobased Products: chemistry of biofuel and biobased products, including feedstocks, conversion, refining, waste utilization, disposal, and sustainability, and environmental emissions and effects associated with these processes.Chemical Aspects of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology: processes and underlying chemical science involving classical and modern aspects of biotechnology applicable to food and agricultural systems; to include proteomic and genomic techniques applicable to measurement and evaluation in food production and metabolism.Food and Beverage Chemistry/Biochemistry: chemistry and biochemistry associated with food and beverage production, processing, preparation, composition, packaging and storing, including both naturally occurring and added components.Food Safety and Toxicology: chemical aspects of toxicology of crop protection, contaminants, and related chemicals and the design and action of chemically related processes that enhance food safety.Targeted Metabolomics Applied to Agriculture and Food (see more details on p 18): applications of metabolomics as related to research topics in agriculture, food, and nutrition, in particular metabolite-targeted analysis and progress in the development of analytical platforms for metabolomics approaches.MANUSCRIPT TYPESResearch articles must report original research that is expected to have a definable impact on the advancement of science and technology, incorporating a significant component of innovative chemistry. Originality will be documented by novel experimental results, theoretical treatments, interpretations of data, and absence of prior publications on the same/similar topics. Fragmentation of work into an incremental series of manuscripts is not acceptable.Letters are manuscripts describing results deemed to be highly important and urgent in a field of research. Only manuscripts reporting complete research,as opposed to preliminary results, will be considered. The cover letter for these manuscripts must clearly describe why the results are timely and urgent enough to justify the Letters format. In addition, the abstract must also make this plain to the reader. If deemed appropriate by the editors for the format, these manuscripts will be subject to the normal, but expedited, peer review process.Review articles will be considered that summarize information in a field in which the literature is scattered and/or treat published data or other information so as to provide a new approach or stimulate further research. Authors considering the preparation of a review should submit a synopsis to the Editor before submission to establish whether the manuscript will meet these guidelines.Perspectives, which explore needs and opportunities in agricultural and food chemistry in a less technical format than a review article, will be considered. Authors should contact the Editor to outline the area to be covered before submitting a Perspectives manuscript. For an example, see J. Agric. Food Chem.2008, 56, 7587–7592.Comments related to published papers will be considered from readers if the correspondence is received within six months of the date of publication of the original paper; the authors of the original paper will be given the opportunity to reply to such comments within two months, if they so desire. Both comments and replies should not exceed 1000 words each, including citations, and will be published consecutively in the same issue of the Journal after peer review. For examples, see J. Agric. Food Chem.2007, 55, 7213–7214 and J. Agric. Food Chem.2007, 55, 7215–7216; J. Agric. Food Chem.2011, 59, 464–465 and J. Agric. Food Chem.2011, 59, 466.Symposia or Topical Collections. The Editor will consider publication of a series of manuscripts reporting or synthesizing original research that are presented in a symposium or otherwise clustered around a single topic. Prospective organizers should contact the Editor well in advance to determine whether the subject matter conforms to the Journal’s goals, criteria, and available space and to obtain specific instructions for submission of the manuscripts. For an example, see J. Agric. Food Chem.2008, 56, 5983–6184. Each manuscript will be subject to the normal peer-review process.Additions/Corrections. Corresponding authors wishing to submit a correction to a paper already published in print should submit the item via the Paragon Plus Web site. In your cover letter, include the manuscript number of the paper to be corrected. In the correction document, include the full title of the original publication, all author names, the volume and page numbers of the print publication, the original manuscript number, and a brief description of the correction(s) needed. If a figure is to be corrected, please include the figure in the correction document. Please note that the Editor has final approval as to whether an addition/correction will be published.ETHICS, CONFLICT OF INTERESTAuthors and coauthors are responsible for the integrity of their manuscripts. The Editor may impose a two year submission moratorium on authors and coauthors that are found to be in violation of the ethical guidelines.Authors and coauthors should familiarize themselves by reading the entire Ethical Guidelines to Publication of Chemical Research, which is available at the ACS Publications Web site.A statement describing any financial conflicts of interest or lack thereof is published with each manuscript. During the submission process, the corresponding author must provide this statement on behalf of all authors of the manuscript.The statement should describe all potential sources of bias, including affiliations, funding sources, and financial or management relationships, that may constitute conflicts of interest (please see /ethics,ACS Ethical Guidelines). The statement will be published in the final paper. If no conflict of interest is declared, the following statement will be published in the paper: “The authors declare no competing financial interest.”In publishing only original research, ACS is committed to deterring plagiarism, including self-plagiarism. ACS Publications uses CrossCheck's iThenticate software to screen submitted manuscripts for similarity to published material. Note that your manuscript may be screened during the submission process. Further information about plagiarism can be found in Part B of the Ethical Guidelines to Publication of Chemical Research.AUTHOR LISTDuring manuscript submission, the submitting author must provide contact information (full name, e-mail address, institutional affiliation and mailing address) for all of the co-authors. Because all of the author names are automatically imported into the electronic Journal Publishing Agreement, the names must be entered into ACS Paragon Plus in the same sequence as they appear on the first page of the manuscript. (Note that co-authors are not required to register in ACS Paragon Plus.) The author who submits the manuscript for publication accepts the responsibility of notifying all co-authors that the manuscript is being submitted. Deletion of an author after the manuscript has been submitted requires a confirming letter to the Editor-in-Chief from the author whose name is being deleted. For more information on ethical responsibilities of authors, see the Ethical Guidelines to Publication of Chemical Research. EDITORIAL PEER REVIEW PROCESSPeer review is used to help ensure the highest possible quality in published manuscripts. For a discussion of this, see“The Importance of Peer Review” by H. L. Wheeler and W. B.Wheeler, J. Agric. Food Chem. (Editorial) 2006, 54,8983–8983. Scientists with expertise in the subject matter being treated will evaluate the manuscript for validity of the experimental design and results, originality, significance, and appropriateness to the Journal. The Editors may exercise their prerogative to decline a manuscript without external peer review if that paper is judged to be outside the scope of the Journal (lacks significant chemistry/biochemistry), poorly written or formatted, fragmentary and marginally incremental, or lacking in significance.All manuscripts submitted are reviewed and handled by the Editor-in-Chief or assigned to one of the Associate Editors. The Associate Editor and Editorial Assistant are then responsible for the assigned manuscripts, including evaluating the content and format of the paper, selecting reviewers, monitoring the progress of the review process, evaluating the comments of reviewersand forwarding them to the authors for their response, communicating ultimate acceptance or rejection to the corresponding author, and carrying out a final check of accepted manuscripts for appropriate format and style.Typically, three reviewers are selected per paper on the basis of the subject matter, available expertise, and the Editor’s knowledge of the field. Potential reviewers for each paper are identified by various means, including a computerized search of the subject area. Authors must submit the names and addresses (including e-mail addresses) of at least four potential reviewers who do not have conflicts of interest with the authors or manuscript content; however, the Editors are under no obligation to use specific individuals. Reviewers are normally asked to provide their assessments within two to three weeks. Anonymous copies of the reviews and the Editor’s decision regarding the acceptability of the manuscript are sent to the corresponding author. If the reviewers’ evaluations of the manuscript disagree, or if reviewer’s and Editor’s comments are not satisfactorily addressed by the authors, the Editor may reject the manuscript or select additional reviewers. These additional reviews are used by the Editor to assist in reaching the final decision regarding disposition of the manuscript.The obligations of the Editors and Reviewers are outlined in the Ethical Guidelines. Aids for reviewers titled “A Guide to a Review” and “Components of a Manuscript to be Considered in a Review” are available at the Reviewer Information Web site (/4authors).Just Accepted Manuscripts. Just Accepted manuscripts are peer-reviewed, accepted manuscripts that are published on the ACS Publications Web site prior to technical editing, formatting for publication, and author proofing—usually within 30 minutes to 24 hours of acceptance by the editorial office. During the manuscript submission process, authors can choose to have their manuscript published online as a Just Accepted manuscript. Authors choosing this option must ensure that all intellectual property/patent issues are resolved. To ensure rapid delivery of the accepted manuscript to the Web, authors must adhere carefully to all requirements in the journal’s Scope, Policy, and Instructions for authors. For further information, please refer to the Just Accepted FAQ, at /pubshelp/passthru.cgi?action=kb&item=244. Note that publishing a manuscript as Just Accepted is not a means by which to comply with the NIH Public Access Mandate.ASAP Publication. Accepted manuscripts will be published on the “Articles ASAP” page on the Journal’s Web site as soon as page proofs are corrected and all author concerns are resolved. Publication on the Web usually occurs within 4 working days of receipt of page proof corrections, and this can be anywhere from 2 to 6 weeks in advance of the cover date of the issue. Manuscripts assigned to a special issue often remain published ASAP for several months. Authors should take this schedule into account when planning intellectual and patent activities related to a manuscript. The date on which an accepted paper is published on the Web is recorded on the Web version of the manuscript and on the first page of the PDF version. MANUSCRIPT PREPARATIONManuscript Format. Manuscripts must be prepared using accepted word-processing software, and all parts must be double-spaced. All pages must be numbered consecutively starting with the title page and including tables and figures. Lines in the abstract and text should be numbered consecutively from beginning to end in a separate column at the left. Do not put line numbers on pages with tables or figures. A standard font, in a size of 12 points or greater, must be used. The Journal has a 20 typed page limit, not including references, tables, and figures. Authors must request approval to submit manuscripts exceeding 20 typed pages.Standard American English usage is required. Authors who are not familiar with standard American English are urged to seek assistance; deficiencies in grammar may be a serious hindrance during the review process.Assistance with English Language Editing. Authors may want to have their manuscripts edited professionally before submission to improve clarity. The ACS ChemWorx English Editing Service can assist you in improving and polishing the language in your manuscript. You can learn more about the services offered, at .The ACS Style Guide(3rd ed., 2006; ISBN 0-8412-3999-1), available from Oxford University Press, Order Department, 201 Evans Road, Cary, NC 27513, provides a detailed treatment of the fundamentals of manuscript preparation. Refer to a current issue of the Journal for general style. The style guide is also available at the Journal’s Web site and through ACS ChemWorx.The various sections of the manuscript should be assembled in the following sequence: Title and authorship (single page)Abstract and keywords (single page)IntroductionMaterials and Methods (including Safety information)Results/DiscussionAbbreviations UsedAcknowledgmentSupporting Information descriptionReferencesFigure captionsTablesFigure graphicsGraphic for table of contentsTITLE AND AUTHORSHIPThe title, authorship, and institutional affiliations should be included on a single page.Title. The title should be specific, informative, and concise. Keywords in the title assist in effective literature retrieval. If a plant is referred to in the title or elsewhere in the text by its common or trivial name, it should be identified by its scientific name in parentheses immediately following its first occurrence. This term should also be provided as one of the keywords. If trade names are mentioned, give generic names in parentheses.Authorship. Be consistent in authorship designation on the manuscript and on all correspondence. First name, middle initial, and last name are generally adequate for correct identification, but omit titles. Give the complete mailing address of all institutions where work was conducted and identify the affiliation of each author. If the current address of an author is different, include it in a footnote on the title page. The name of the author to whom inquiries about the paper should be addressed must be marked with an asterisk; provide the telephone and fax numbers and e-mail address of this correspondent.ABSTRACT AND KEYWORDSAbstract. Authors’ abstracts are used directly for Chemical Abstracts. The abstract should be a clear, concise (100–150words), one-paragraph summary, informative rather than descriptive, giving scope and purpose, experimental approach,significant results, and major conclusions. Write for literature searchers as well as journal readers.Keywords. Provide significant keywords to aid the reader in literature retrieval. The keywords are published immediately before the text, following the abstract.INTRODUCTIONDiscuss relationships of the study to previously published work, but do not reiterate or attempt to provide a complete literature survey. Use of Chemical Abstracts/Scifinder and other appropriate databases is encouraged to ensure that important prior publications or patents are cited and that the manuscript does not duplicate previously published work. The purpose or reason for the research being reported, and its significance,originality, or contribution to new knowledge in the field,should be clearly and concisely stated.Do not include or summarize current findings in this section.MATERIALS AND METHODSAuthors are required to call special attention in their manuscripts to safety considerations such as explosive tendencies, special precautionary handling procedures, and toxicity.Apparatus, reagents, and biological materials used in the study should be incorporated into a general section. List devices of a specialized nature or instruments that may vary in performance, such that the model used may affect the quality of the data obtained (e.g., spectroscopic resolution).List and describe preparation of special reagents only. Reagents normally found in the laboratory and preparations described in standard handbooks or texts should not be listed.Specify the source, vendor [city and state (or city and country if non-U.S.)], and availability of special equipment, reagents, kits, etc. Do not include catalog numbers.Biological materials should be identified by scientific name (genus, species, authority, and family) and cultivar, if appropriate, together with the site from which the samples were obtained. Specimens obtained from a natural habitat should be preserved by deposit of samples in an herbarium for plants or in a culture collection for microorganisms, with a corresponding collection or strain number listed.Manuscripts describing studies in which live animals or human subjects are used must include a statement that such experiments were performed in compliance with the appropriate laws and institutional guidelines and also name the institutional committee that approved the experiments. Authors are encouraged to note the approval code or number or give the name of the approving office or official.(See Reporting Specific Data: Animal or Human Studies.) Manuscripts reporting data from inhumane treatment of experimental animals will be rejected.Specific experimental methods should be sufficiently detailed for others to repeat the experiments unequivocally. Omit details of procedures that are common knowledge to those in the field. Brief highlights of published procedures may be included, but details must be left to the References, and verbatim repeat of previously published methods, even if done by the authors, will not be permitted unless a quotation from a published work is included, and placed in quotation marks, with the reference to the source included at the end of the quotation. Describe pertinent and critical factors involved in reactions so the method can be reproduced, but avoid excessive description. For information on the reporting of certain types of data see Reporting Specific Data.Describe statistical design and methods in this section.RESULTS/DISCUSSIONResults and discussion may be presented in separate sections or combined into a single section, whichever format conveys the results in the most lucid fashion without redundancy. Be complete but concise in discussing findings, comparing results with previous work and proposing explanations for the results observed.All data must be accompanied by appropriate statistical analyses, including complete information on sampling, replication, and how the statistical method employed was chosen. Avoid comparisons or contrasts that are not pertinent, and avoid speculation unsupported by the data obtained.A separate summary or conclusion section is not to be used; any concluding statements are to be incorporated under Results and Discussion.ABBREVIATIONS AND NOMENCLATUREStandard abbreviations, without periods, should be used throughout the manuscript.Refer to The ACS Style Guide for the preferred forms of commonly used abbreviations. Specialized abbreviations may be used provided they are placed in parentheses after the word(s) for which they are to substitute at first point of use and are again defined in this section. Avoid trivial names and “code” abbreviations (e.g., NAR for naringenin) unless such codes are in common usage (e.g., MTBE for methyl tert-butyl ether).If trade names are used, define at point of first use. If nomenclature is specialized, include a “Nomenclature” section at the end of the paper, giving definitions and dimensions for all terms. Use SI units insofar as possible. Refer to The ACS Style Guide for lists of SI units and a discussion of their use.Write all equations and formulas clearly and number equations consecutively. Place superscripts and subscripts accurately; avoid superscripts that may be confused with exponents. Identify typed letters and numbers that might be misinterpreted, such as “oh” for zero or “ell” for one. Chemistry numbering requiring primes should be identified as such (i.e., 3,3´-dihydroxy-), not by an apostrophe (e.g., 3,3´-dihydroxy- ).It is the authors’ responsibility to provide correct nomenclature. Structures should be included for uncommon chemicals, particularly when the systematic or common name is too complex or unclear to readily denote the structure. Such structures should be included as a figure or table. All nomenclature must be consistent and unambiguous and should conform with current American usage. Insofar as possible, authors should use systematic names similar to those used by Chemical Abstracts Service, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, and the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Chemical Abstracts (CA) nomenclature rules are described in Appendix IV of the Chemical Abstracts Index Guide. For CA nomenclature advice, consult the Manager of Nomenclature Services, Chemical Abstracts Service, P.O. Box 3012, Columbus, OH 43210-0012. A name generation service is available for a fee through CAS Client Services, 2540 Olentangy River Road, P.O. Box 3343, Columbus, OH 43210-0334 [telephone (614) 447-3870; fax (614) 447-3747; e-mail answers@]. In addition, the ACS Web site has links to nomenclature recommendations at . ACKNOWLEDGMENTInclude essential credits but hold to an absolute minimum. Omit academic and social titles. Meeting presentation data and acknowledgment of financial support of the work should not be。

SHOCK杂志投稿须知

INSTRUCTIONS FOR AUTHORSSHOCK\V Injury,Inflammation,and Sepsis:Labora-tory and Clinical ApproachesOnline Submission and Review SystemScopeThe mission of SHOCK\is to foster and promote multidisciplinary studies,both experimental and clinical in nature,that critically examine the etiology,mechanisms,and novel therapeutics of shock-related patho-physiological conditions.The journal will consider papers in the areas of basic and clinical studies of shock,trauma,sepsis,inflammation,isch-emia,and related pathobiological states,with particular emphasis on the biologic mechanisms that determine the response to such injury. Ethical/Legal ConsiderationsA submitted manuscript must be an original contribution not previously published(except as an abstract or a preliminary report),must not be under consideration for publication elsewhere,and,if accepted,must not be published elsewhere in similar form,in any language,without the consent of Lippincott Williams&Wilkins.Each person listed as an author is expected to have participated in the study to a significant extent. Although the editors and referees make every effort to ensure the validity of published manuscripts,the final responsibility rests with the authors,not with the Journal,its editors,or the publisher.Patient Anonymity and Informed Consent V It is the author’s respon-sibility to ensure that a patient’s anonymity be carefully protected and to verify that any experimental investigation with human subjects reported in the manuscript was performed with informed consent and following all the guidelines for experimental investigation with human subjects required by the institution(s)with which all the authors are affiliated. Authors should mask patients’eyes and remove patients’names from figures unless they obtain written consent from the patients and submit written consent with the manuscript.Conflicts of Interest V Authors must state all possible conflicts of interest in the manuscript,including financial,consultant,institutional, and other relationships that might lead to bias or a conflict of interest.If there is no conflict of interest,this should also be explicitly stated as none declared.All sources of funding should be acknowledged in the manuscript.All relevant conflicts of interest and sources of funding should be included on the title page of the manuscript with the heading‘‘Conflicts of Interest and Source of Funding.’’For example:Conflicts of Interest and Source of Funding:‘‘Author A’’has received honoraria from‘‘Company1.’’‘‘Author B’’is currently receiving a grant (no.12345)from‘‘Organization Y’’and is on the speaker’s bureau for ‘‘Organization X’’V the CME organizers for Company1.For the remaining authors,none were declared.Copyright V In addition,each author must complete and submit the journal’s Copyright Transfer Agreement,which includes a section on the disclosure of potential conflicts of interest based on the recommendations of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors,‘‘Uniform Require-ments for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals’’(/ update.html).The form is available on the manuscript submission page,https:// /shock/,and can be completed and submitted electronically.Please note that authors may sign the Copyright Transfer Agreement form electronically.For additional information about electroni-cally signing this form,go to /ZUA T/A106.Compliance With NIH and Other Research Funding Agency Accessibility Requirements V A number of research funding agencies now require or request authors to submit the postprint(the article after peer review and acceptance but not the final published article)to a repository that is acces-sible online by all without charge.As a service to our authors,LWW will identify to the National Library of Medicine(NLM)articles that require deposit and will transmit the postprint of an article based on research funded in whole or in part by the National Institutes of Health,Wellcome Trust, Howard Hughes Medical Institute,or other funding agencies to PubMed Central.The revised Copyright Transfer Agreement provides the mechanism.Permissions V Authors must submit written permission from the copy-right owner(usually the publisher)to use direct quotations,tables,or illustrations that have appeared in copyrighted form elsewhere,along with complete details about the source.Any permission fees that might be required by the copyright owner are the responsibility of the authors requesting use of the borrowed material,not the responsibility of Lippincott Williams&Wilkins.Publication PolicySHOCK\publishes regular Research Articles,Rapid Communications, Review Articles,and Letters to the Editor.Please note that SHOCK\does not publish Case Reports.Rapid Communications should be brief reports of especially important and timely findings in the field.Published length should be three to four pages,including figures and references.Reviews will be by invitation of the editor,but recommendations for topics and authors are welcomed.The editor also invites letters expressing comments on dissenting opinions concerning papers recently published in SHOCK\. Letters must not exceed500words and should be submitted double-spaced with any references prepared as for regular research reports.Publication of submitted letters will be at the discretion of the editor.Each author should include his/her complete address,along with telephone,fax,and e-mail.All submitted manuscripts will be critically refereed by at least two members of the editorial board or expert consultants.Preparation of ManuscriptManuscripts that do not adhere to the following instructions will be returned to the corresponding author for technical revision before undergoing peer review.Online Manuscript Submission V Authors are requested to submit their manuscripts online at /shock.First-Time Users V Please click the Register button from the main menu and enter the requested information.On successful registration, you will be sent an e-mail indicating your user name and password. Print a copy of this information for future reference.Note:If you have received an e-mail from us with an assigned user ID and password,or if you are a repeat user,do not register again,just log in.Once you have an assigned ID and password,reregistration is unnecessary,even if your status changes(i.e.,author,reviewer,or editor).Authors V Please click the log-in button from the menu at the top of the page and log in to the system as an Author.Submit your manuscript according to the author instructions to the editor:Dr.Irshad H.Chaudry, University of Alabama at Birmingham,Shock Editorial Office,1670 University Boulevard,V olker Hall,Room G094,Birmingham,AL35294-0119).You will be able to track the progress of your manuscript through the system.If you experience any problems,please contact the SHOCK\ Cover Letter V A cover letter should accompany all manuscripts submitted to SHOCK\,indicating that the manuscript has been submitted solely to this journal and has not previously been published in any form in another publication of any type,with the exception of preliminary reports in abstract form.In situations where the review of the submitted manu-script depends highly upon another manuscript submitted for publication but not yet published,a copy of that manuscript should be included with the submission.Manuscripts must be typewritten and double-spaced.Number all pages in sequence beginning with the title page.The sections should be arranged in the following order:Title Page V Include on the title page(a)complete manuscript title;(b)authors’full names and affiliations;(c)corresponding author’s name and address,degree(s),fax number,telephone number,and e-mail address;(d)address for reprints if different from that of corresponding author;(e)all sources of support,including pharmaceutical and industry support,or a statement of no relevant conflicts of interest;and(f)a running head of not more than45characters.The title page must also include disclosure of funding received for this work from any of the following organizations:National Institutes of Health, Wellcome Trust,Howard Hughes Medical Institute,and other(s).Abstract V Submit five to eight key words appropriate for indexing purposes.Do not repeat words or terms used in the title.Keywords V An informative abstract of approximately250words should state concisely the purpose and pertinent methods of the study,as well as the findings and specific conclusions.This abstract should be suitable,without rewording,for use by abstracting journals and indexing services.Text V The text of the manuscript should begin on a new page and be arranged as follows:Introduction,Materials and Methods,Results,and Discussion.The use of subheadings and paragraph titles within these headings is encouraged for sake of clarity.For standard abbreviations, authors should follow the guidelines in the Council of Biology Editors Style Manual,Fifth Edition.All other abbreviations should be defined when first used and listed in a footnote.Authors are encouraged to use 0019(e-mail:Shock@;telephone:205-975-0118;fax205-975-Editorial Office(e-mail:Shock@).abbreviations sparingly and to pay careful attention to avoidance of ambiguity.Manuscripts involving the use of laboratory animals or human subjects must clearly state adherence to appropriate guidelines and approval of protocols by their institutional review boards.Acknowl-edgements should appear at the end of the text prior to the references.References V In the text,references should be cited consecutively by numbers in parentheses.In the reference section,they should be listed in numerical order and include the names of all authors and complete title of the article cited.References must be restricted to directly rele-vant published works,papers,or abstracts that have been accepted for ually,the total number of references should not exceed 35.Journal abbreviations should follow Index Medicus style(http:// /tsd/serials/lji.html).References must be double-spaced,with only one reference per number.In the following examples, notice the punctuation;do not use all capitals;do not underline.Journal Article1.Remick DG,Bolgos GR,Siddiqui J,Shin J,Nemzek JA:Six at six:Interleukin-6measured6h after the initiation of sepsis predicts mortality over3days.Shock17(6):463Y467,2002.Books2.Brundage SI,Mcgahn R,Jurkovich J,Mack C,Maier RV:Incidence ofadult respiratory distress syndrome as a function of the timing of femur fixation.Proceedings:5th International World Congress on the Pathophysi-ology,Immune Consequences and Therapy of Trauma,Shock and Sepsis, Munich,Germany,March2000.Monduzzi Editore S.p.A.,Bologna,Italy, pp113Y118,2000.Articles in Books3.Marshall JC:SEPSIS,SIRS,and MODS:consensus,controversy,and challenge.In Faist E,Baue AE,Schildberg FW(eds):The Immune Consequences of Trauma,Shock,and Sepsis-Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches.V ol.II(1).Lengerich,Germany:Pabst Science Publishers,1996,pp41Y50.Tables V Tables should be numbered in order of appearance in the text with Arabic numerals.Each table should have a title,and if necessary, an explanatory legend.All tables must be referred to in the text.Under no circumstances should a table repeat data that are presented in an illustration.Statistical measures of variation(i.e.standard deviation,stan-dard error)should be identified and non-significant decimal places in tabular data should be omitted.Figure Legends V A legend should be provided for each illustration. The legend should be informative and must define all abbreviations and symbols used in the illustration.Illustrations V All illustrations should be of professional quality and must be clear even after reduction in size for publication(see require-ments,below).Size artwork to fit within one of these three widths:32 inches(1column),52inches(12columns),or71/5inches(2columns). Use Helvetica or similar font,12point or larger in size.Authors should provide high-quality figures.Illustrations should be numbered in order of appearance with Arabic numerals.Actual magnification of all photo-micrographs should be provided,preferably by placing a length scale on the print.Color Figures V The journal accepts for publication color figures that will enhance an article.Authors who submit color figures that are not considered essential to the article content will receive an estimate of the cost for color reproduction.If an author decides not to pay for color reproduction,they can request that the figures be converted to black and white at no charge.Color figures are displayed on electronic versions of the journal at no charge.Illustration Digital Requirements V Electronic art should be created/ scanned and saved and submitted as either a TIFF(tagged image file format),an EPS(encapsulated PostScript)file,or a PPT(PowerPoint) file.Line art must have a resolution of at least1200dpi(dots per inch), and electronic photographs-radiographs,computed tomographic scans, and so on-and scanned images must have a resolution of at least300dpi.If fonts are used in the artwork,they must be converted to paths or outlines,or they must be embedded in the files.Color images must be created/scanned and saved and submitted as CMYK files.Please note that artwork generated from office suite programs such as CorelDRAW and MS Word and artwork downloaded from the Internet(JPEG or GIF files) cannot be used.Detailed Figure Instructions V For a step-by-step guide for submitting digital art,please refer to‘‘5Steps for Creating Digital Artwork’’at /shock.Supplemental Digital Content V Authors may submit supplemental digital content(SDC)via the Editorial Manager to enhance their article’s text and to be considered for online-only posting.Supplemental digital content may include the following types of content:text documents, graphs,tables,figures,graphics,illustrations,audio,and video.On the ‘‘Attach Files’’page of the submission process,please select Supplemen-tal Audio,Video,or Data for your uploaded file as the Submission Item. If an article with SDC is accepted,our production staff will create a URL with the SDC file.The URL will be placed in the call-out within the article.SDC files are not copyedited by LWW staff;they will be presented digitally as submitted.SDC Call-Outs V Supplemental digital content must be cited consec-utively in the text of the submitted manuscript.Citations should include the type of material submitted(audio,figure,table,etc),be clearly labeled as‘‘Supplemental Digital Content,’’include the sequential list number, and provide a description of the supplemental content.All descriptive text should be included in the call-out as it will not appear elsewhere in the article.For example:We performed many tests on the degrees of flexibility in the elbow (see Video,Supplemental Digital Content1,which demonstrates elbow flexibility)and found our results inconclusive.List of Supplemental Digital Content V A listing of Supplemental Digital Content must be submitted at the end of the manuscript file. Include the SDC number and file type of the Supplemental Digital Content.This text will be removed by our production staff and not be published.For example:Supplemental Digital Content1.wmvSDC File Requirements V To ensure a quality experience for those viewing SDC,it is suggested that authors submit supplemental digital files no larger than10MB each.For a list of all available file types and detailed instructions,please visit /A142.Page ChargesAuthors are expected to pay a page charge of$55/page from Research Funds to help defray publication costs:Editorial decisions are not contingent upon ability to pay page charges.After AcceptancePage Proofs and Corrections V Corresponding authors will receive electronic page proofs to check the copyedited and typeset article before publication.Portable document format(PDF)files of the typeset pages and support documents(e.g.,reprint order form)will be sent to the corresponding author by plete instructions will be provided with the e-mail for downloading and printing the files and for faxing the corrected page proofs to the publisher.It is the author’s responsibility to ensure that there are no errors in the proofs.Changes that have been made to conform to journal style will stand if they do not alter the authors’meaning.Only the most critical changes to the accuracy of the content will be made.Changes that are stylistic or are a reworking of previously accepted material will be disallowed.The publisher reserves the right to deny any changes that do not affect the accuracy of the content.Authors may be charged for alterations to the proofs beyond those required to correct errors or to answer queries.Proofs must be checked carefully,and corrections faxed within24to48hours of receipt,as requested in the cover letter accompanying the page proofs.Publisher’s Contact V Send corrected page proofs and any other related materials to Rosemary Hutzler,Journal Production Editor, Lippincott Williams&Wilkins,e-mail:Rosemary.Hutzler@wolterskluwer.-com,phone:410-528-4034,fax410-558-6589.。

日本微量元素协会

Scope and Policy of the JournalBiomedical Research on Trace Elements (BRTE) is the official quarterly journal of the Japan Society for Biomedical Research on Trace Elements, publishing articles regarding research on trace elements. Submitted manuscripts must be in English or Japanese with the work described not being submitted for publication elsewhere. Manuscripts will be reviewed by two or more specialists. Manuscripts accepted for publication become the copyright of the Japan Society for Biomedical Research on Trace Elements. When appropriate, fully informed consent should be obtained and noted in the manuscripts.Manuscript CategoriesAuthors are invited to submit articles in the following categories:1. Review Article;2. Original Article (including Rapid Communication);3. Case Report; The maximum length of Review Articles are twelve, Original Articles are eight, Rapid Communications and Case Reports are four printed pages, respectively, including all text, figures and tables. About 4,800 characters (including space) can be printed in one page if it contains no figure and table.ManuscriptsManuscripts should be submitted by e-mail preferably as files less than 5 megabytes in size or sent in triplicate (including figures and tables) by registered mail to: Editor-in-Chief, Biomedical Research on Trace Elements, Hideo Saji, Ph.D, Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.Tel: +81-75-753-4567E-mail:brte@pharm.kyoto-u.ac.jpAuthors should keep one set of text, tables, and illustrations, as the Editor cannot accept responsibility for loss or damage to manuscripts. Manuscripts and Discs will not be returned to authors.Manuscripts should be clearly typed in double-spacing on one side only ofgood-quality A4 paper (30 × 21 cm).Conventional ManuscriptThe manuscript should be arranged as follows, with each section beginning on a separate page.1.Cover letter: Manuscripts should be accompanied by a cover letter, statingthat the manuscript is not being submitted for publication elsewhere.2.Title Page: The title page should include the following, in this order:(1)The category of the manuscript (as listed above) should appear on the titlepage. (2) Title and subtitle. (3)A short running title, no longer than 50 words. (4) Full names of the authors. (5) Departments and institutions in which the work was performed. (6) Name and the full postal address, E-mail address, and the telephone and facsimile number of the corresponding author.(7) Number of text pages, reference pages, tables, figures, and legends tofigures.3.Abstract should be a concise abstract of no more than 300 words.4.Key words: No more than five key words.5.Text: The text of an observational and experimental article is usuallydivided into sections with the following headings: Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion. Long articles may need subheadings within somesections.6.Acknowledgements: Acknowledgements should be made only to persons who havemade genuinecontributions and who endorse the data and conclusions.7.References: Cite references in the text by using superior Arabic numeralsin the order in which they appear in the text. Abbreviate titles of thejournals according to the Index Medicus.Examples of correct reference format:Standard journal articles (list all authors when six or less; when seven or more list only the first six and add et al.).[6] Du SL, Leng T, Gu YH, Ushijima H, Kodama H. Long-term treatment with high-dose zinc sulphate in 36 children with Wilson's disease. Biomed Res Trace Elements 2002; 13: 85-88.Books and monographs[8] Kodama H. Molecular genetics and clinical aspects of Menkes disease and occipital horn syndrome. In: Massaro EJ, editor. Handbook of Copper Pharmacology and Toxicology. New Jersey: Humana Press, 2002: 319-332.8.Tables and FiguresIn preparing a manuscript, consider one table or figure (or a set of figures given the same figure number) as equivalent to a single typed page.(1) Tables should be included on a separate page, numbered with Arabicnumerals, and accompanied by short titles at the top. Each table must be referred to in the text. Explanatory matter should be placed in footnotes below the tabular matter and not included in the title. Vertical rules and horizontal rules between entries should be omitted.(2) High-contrast photographic copies of the original line drawings, reducedto final journal dimensions, are required. Photographs must be sharp, glossy black-and-white prints. Quality laser printouts, with a minimum resolution of 300 dpi, are equally acceptable.The whole cost of reproducing color figures will be charged to the author(s).(3) Figure Legends: All figures require legends typed on a separate sheetand double-spaced. All illustrations are classified as figures and should be numbered with Arabic numerals in the order in which they are referred to in the text. When a full facial photograph is to be reproduced, writtenpermission from the patient or the patient's guardian should be attached to the corresponding figure legend.OffprintsThirty offprints will be supplied free to authors, but additional copies may be ordered on the printed form sent with the proofs.Charges to Author(s)1.Color in Print: Authors are responsible for the costs of color reproduction.2.Charge for English Editing: Accepted manuscripts may be copy-edited at theeditor's discretion.Manuscripts on Disk1.Authors are required to provide their manuscript on disk in the case ofsending a manuscript by registered mail when the manuscript was accepted.Authors should use a new disk rather than a reformatted disk, and the disk should contain the relevant file(s) only. Authors should supply theiraccepted paper as formatted text (most word-processing formats can behandled). It is essential that the hardware and the word-processing package are specified on the disk (e.g. IBM, Word 2000), as well as the first author's surname and the manuscript title.2.The entire article - (i) title page, (ii) text, (iii) acknowledgements, (iv)references, (v) figure legends, (vi) tables and legends, (vii) appendices - should be saved in a single file; only electronic figures should be supplied as separate files. The following instructions should be adhered to.It is essential that the final, revised version of the manuscript and the file saved on disk are identical (i.e authors should supply a new disk if the article is revised).Do not use the carriage return (enter) at the end of lines within a paragraph.Do not use l (ell) for 1 (one), O (upper case oh) for 0 (zero) or s (German esszett) for s (beta), and specify any special characters used to represent non-keyboard characters.Use a tab, not spaces, to separate data points in tables.。

biomarkers-投稿说明

BiomarkersInstructions for AuthorsAbout the JournalAims and ScopeEditor-in-ChiefManuscript SubmissionManuscript PreparationFile preparation and typesTitle PageAbstractMain TextAcknowledgements and Declaration of Interest statementReferencesTablesIllustrationsNotes on StyleEditorial PoliciesAuthorshipSubmissionPeer ReviewEthics and ConsentCopyright and PermissionsDeclaration of InterestNIH and Public Access PolicyAdditional InformationProofsReprintsColour figure chargesContact the PublisherAbout the JournalAims and ScopeThe journal Biomarkers brings together all aspects of the rapidly growing field of biomarker research, encompassing their various uses and applications in one essential source.The journal has enlarged its scope to include the expanding area of biomarkers of disease and now intends to include evidence-based pharmacodynamic markers. Biomarkers, now more than ever, provides a vital forum for the exchange of ideas and techniques in all areas of biomarker research. High quality papers in four main areas are accepted and manuscripts describing novel biomarkers and their subsequent validation are especially encouraged: Biomarkers of disease: covering measurement of endogenous substances or parameters indicative of a disease process and the use of pharmacodynamic and genetic markers in evidence-based laboratory medicine and treatment (markers of efficacy);Biomarkers of exposure: covering detection and measurement of internal exposure to drugs and other chemicals;Biomarkers of response: including measures of endogenous substances or parameters indicative of pathological or biochemical changes both toxicodynamic and pharmacodynamic, resulting from exposure to drugs and other chemicals;Biomarkers of susceptibility: including genetic factors which alter susceptibility to drugs and other chemicals.Manuscripts can describe biomarkers measured in humans or other animals in vivo or in vitro. Biomarkers will consider publishing negative data from studies of biomarkers of susceptibility in human populations.The emphasis will be on demonstrating relationships between markers and effects rather than methodological papers unless they describe novel techniques.Editor-in-ChiefAlan PaineEmeritus Professor of ToxicologyUniversity of LondonLondonEngland, UKManuscript SubmissionAll submissions should be made online at Biomarkers’ScholarOne Manuscripts site. New users should first create an account. Once a user is logged onto the site, submissions should be made via the Author Centre. If you experience any problems with your submission or with the site, please contact ScholarOne support through the …get help now‟ link.All submissions to the journal must include full disclosure of all relationships that could be viewed as presenting a potential conflict of interest. If there are no conflicts of interest, authors should state that there are none. This must be stated at the point of submission (within the manuscript, after the main text under a subheading "Declaration of interest", and, where available within the appropriate field on the journal's ScholarOne Manuscripts site). Please see our full Declaration of Interest Policy for further information.Manuscript PreparationFile preparation and typesManuscripts are preferred in Microsoft Word format (.doc files). Documents must be double-spaced, with margins of one inch on all sides. Tables and figures should not appear in the main text, but should be submitted as separate digital files and designated with the appropriate file type on ScholarOne Manuscripts. References should be given in Harvard style (see References section for example).Manuscripts should be compiled in the following order: title page; abstract; main text; acknowledgements; appendices (as appropriate); references; tables with captions (on separate pages); figures; figure captions (as a list).Biomarkers publishes the following manuscript types:Original papersReviewsTechnical briefsLetters to the EditorTitle PageA title page should be provided comprising the manuscript title plus the full names and affiliations of all authors involved in the preparation of the manuscript. One author should be clearly designated as the corresponding author and full contact information, including phone number and email address, provided for this person. Three to six key terms that are not in the title should also be included on the title page. The keywords will assist indexers in cross indexing your article.AbstractAll original articles and reviews should start with an abstract of 100 or fewer words, summarising the central core of knowledge that is the focus of the paper. The recommended format is as a structured abstract, with the following headings for an original article: context, objective, materials and methods, results, discussion and conclusion. For a review article, it should be structured as follows: context, objective, methods (including data sources, study selection and data extraction), results and conclusion. It should be written in an informative style permitting its use, without revision, by abstracting services, give essential details of research findings without further reference to the text, and avoid generalisations and nonessential information.Main TextOriginal articlesThe body of the article should include the following sections: introduction; methods; results; discussion; conclusions.Introduction:This section should state the relevance and background to the study, and its rationale and purpose.Methods: This section should include only information that was available at the time the plan or protocol for the study was being written. You should describe your selection of the observational or experimental participants, identify the methods, apparatus and procedures in sufficient detail to allow others to reproduce the results, and describe statistical methods with enough detail to enable a knowledgeable reader with access to the original data to verify the reported results. Biomarkers requires that studies involving humans, both volunteers and patients, or animals be approved by an institutional review board, in accordance with approved published guidelines, prior to actually performing the research and publishing the data. Details including clinical trial registration number must be provided in the methods section if research includes studies conducted on human volunteers.Results: Present your results in logical sequence in the text, tables, and illustrations. Discussion:This should include implications of the findings and their limitations, with reference to all other relevant studies and the possibilities these suggest for future research. Conclusions: This must summarise the main paper. Ensure that extrapolations are reasonable and that conclusions are justified by the data presented, and indicate if the study design can be generalised to a broader study population.ReviewsThe body of a review article should be a comprehensive, scholarly evidence-based review of the literature, accompanied by critical analysis and leading to reasonable conclusions. Wherever appropriate details of the literature search methodology should be provided, i.e. the databases searched (normally Medline and at least one or two other databases), the search terms and inclusive dates, and any selectivity criteria imposed.Wherever possible, use primary resources, av oiding “Data on File”, “Poster” or other unpublished references.Acknowledgements and Declaration of Interest sectionsAcknowledgements and Declaration of interest sections are different, and each has a specific purpose. The Acknowledgements section details special thanks, personal assistance, anddedications. Contributions from individuals who do not qualify for authorship should also be acknowledged here.Declarations of interest, however, refer to statements of financial support and/or statements of potential conflict of interest. Within this section also belongs disclosure of scientific writing assistance (use of an agency or agency/ freelance writer), grant support and numbers, and statements of employment, if applicable. For a more detailed list of points to include, please see “Declaration of Interest section” below.Acknowledgements sectionAny acknowledgements authors wish to make should be included in a separate headed section at the end of the manuscript preceding any appendices, and before the references section. Please do not incorporate acknowledgements into notes or biographical notes.Declaration of Interest sectionAll declaration s of interest must be outlined under the subheading …Declaration of interest‟. If authors have no declarations of interest to report, this must be explicitly stated. The suggested, but not mandatory, wording in such an instance is: The authors report no declarations of interest. When submitting a paper via ScholarOne Manuscripts, the …Declaration of interest‟ field is compulsory (authors must either state the disclosures or report that there are none). If this section is left empty authors will not be able to progress with the submission.Please see our full Declaration of Interest Policy for further information.Please note: for NIH/Wellcome-funded papers, the grant number(s) must be included in the Declaration of Interest statement.ReferencesReferences should be given in the Harvard style. Citation in the text is by author and date (Smith, 2001). The list of references appears alphabetically by primary author‟s last name. Examples:Journal: Iyengar BS, Dorr RT, Remers WA. (2004). Chemical basis for the biological activity of Imexon and related Cyanaziridines. J Med Chem 47:218-23.Book: Vyas SP, Khar RK. (2001). Targeted and controlled drug delivery. New Delhi,India: CBS Publisher and Distributor.Contribution to a Book: Chandrasekaran SK, Benson H, Urquhart J. (1978). Methodsto achieve controlled drug delivery: The biomedical engineering approach. In: Robinson JR, editor. Sustained and Controlled Release Drug Delivery Systems. NewYork: Marcel Dekker, 557-93.Electronic Resources:Lin A-S, Shibano M, Nakagawa-Goto K, Tokuda H, Itokawa H, Morris-Natschke, SL, Lee K-H. (2007). Cancer Preventive Agents. 7. Antitumor-Promoting Effects of Seven Active Flavonolignans from Milk Thistle (Silybummarianum) on Epstein-Barr Virus Activation. Pharm Biol [Online] Available at: /doi/abs/10.1080/13880200701585592.Accessed on 12 April 2009.Periodical abbreviations should follow the style given by Index Medicus.TablesTables should be used only when they can present information more efficiently than running text. Care should be taken to avoid any arrangement that unduly increases the depth of a table, and the column heads should be made as brief as possible, using abbreviations liberally. Lines of data should not be numbered nor run numbers given unless those numbersare needed for reference in the text. Columns should not contain only one or two entries, nor should the same entry be repeated numerous times consecutively. Tables should be grouped at the end of the manuscript on separate pages.IllustrationsIllustrations (line drawings, halftones, photos, photomicrographs, etc.) should be submitted as digital files for highest quality reproduction and should follow these guidelines: 300 dpi or higherSized to fit on journal pageEPS, JPG, TIFF, or PSD format onlySubmitted as separate files, not embedded in the textLegends or captions for figures should be listed on a separate page, double spacedFor information on submitting animations, movie files and sound files or any additionalinformation including indexes and calendars please click here.For information on colour figures and charges please click hereNotes on StyleGeneral StyleAuthors are asked to take into account the diverse audience of the journal. Please avoid the use of terms that might be meaningful only to a local or national audience, or provide a clear explanation where this is unavoidable. However, papers that reflect the particularities of a social and cultural system are acceptable. Some specific points on style follow:1. Authors should write in clear, concise UK English. Language and grammar should beconsistent with Fowler's English Usage; spelling and meaning of words should conform to Webster's Dictionary. If English is not your native language please ensure the manuscript has been reviewed by a native speaker. Please note: extensive rewriting of the text will not be undertaken by the editorial staff.2. Latin terminology, including microbiological and species nomenclature, should beitalicised.3. Use standard convention for human and animal genes and proteins: italics for genesand regular font for proteins, and upper case for human products and lower case for animal products.4. “US” is preferred to “American”, “USA” to “United States”, and “UK” to “UnitedKingdom”.5. Double quotation marks ra ther than single are used unless the “quotation is …within‟another”.6. Punctuation of common abbreviations should adhere to the following conventions:“e.g.”; “i.e.”; “cf.”. Note that such abbreviations should not generally be followed by a comma or a (double) point/period.7. Upper case characters in headings and references should be used sparingly, e.g.only the first word of paper titles, subheadings and any proper nouns begin upper case; similarly for the titles of papers from journals in the references and elsewhere.8. Apostrophes should be used sparingly. Thus, decades should be referred to asfollows: “The 1980s [not the 1980‟s] saw …”. Possessives associated with acronyms(e.g. APU), should be written as follows: “The APU‟s findings that …” but note tha t theplural is “APUs”.9. All acronyms for national agencies, examinations, etc., should be spelled out the firsttime they are introduced in text or references. Thereafter the acronym can be used if appropriate, e.g. “The work of the Assessment of Performa nce Unit (APU) in the early 1980s …” and subsequently, “The APU studies of achievement …”, in a reference “(Department of Education and Science [DES] 1989a)”.10. Brief biographical details of significant national figures should be outlined in the textunless it is quite clear that the person concerned would be known internationally.Some suggested editorial comments in a typical text are indicated in the followingwith square brackets: “From the time of H. E. Armstrong [in the 19th century] to the curriculum development work associated with the Nuffield Foundation [in the 1960s], there has been a shift from constructivism to heurism in the design of [British] science courses”.11. The preferred local (national) usage for ethnic and other minorities should be used inall papers. For the USA, “African-American”, “Hispanic” and “Native American” are used, e.g. “The African-American presidential candidate, Jesse Jackson …”; for the UK, “Afro-Caribbean” (not “West Indian”), etc.12. Material to be emphasised by italicisation in the printed version should be italicised inthe typescript rather than underlined. Please use such emphasis sparingly.13. Numbers in text should take the following forms: 300, 3000, 30 000 (not 30,000).Spell out numbers under 10 unless used with a unit of measure, e.g. nine pupils but 9 mm (do not use full stops (periods) within units). For decimals, use the form 0.05 (not .05, × 05 or 0× 05). “%” (not “per cent”) should be used in typescripts.14. Appendices should appear before the references section and after anyacknowledgements section. The style of the title is shown by the following example:“Appendix C: The random network generator”.Figures and tables within appendices should continue the sequence of numbering from the main body of the text. Sections within appendices should be numbered, for example, C.1, C.2. Equations in appendices should be numbered, for example, (C 1),(C 2). If there is only one appendix, it is referred to as “the appendix” and not called“Appendix A”.Abbreviations and nomenclatureFor abbreviations and nomenclature, authors should consult the latest edition of the CSE Style Manual available from the Council of Science Editors, 60 Revue Drive, Suite 500 Northbrook, IL, 60062, USA.Nomenclature for Oxidatively Damaged DNAIn light of the uncertainty concerning what is appropriate and accurate terminology when describing studies concerning the effects of oxidatively generated DNA damage, Biomarkers has adopted the following policy, based upon the recommendations of Cooke et al. (2010) Chem. Res. Toxicol.23 (4): 705–707.The term “oxidative DNA damage” should be avoided as it implies that the damage i.e. the lesion per se, is oxidative and thus capable of oxidising other substrates. In the interests of accuracy this should be replaced with such terms as …oxidatively damaged DNA‟,or …oxidatively generated DNA damage‟, to describe the consequence of the interaction of reactive oxygen species with DNA.The oxidatively generated nucleobase which has received, by far, the most attention is 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (which should be abbreviated as 8-oxoGua). Adoption of this nomenclature is based upon International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) states that, based upon current nomenclature, the (di)hydro- prefix is non-detachable, meaning that it is always immediately before the parent name [Panico R, Powell WH and Richer J-C, Eds. (1993) A Guide to IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds, recommendations, Oxford:Blackwell Scientific Publications]. The corresponding 2‟-deoxyribonucleoside of 8-oxoGua is 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2‟-deoxyguanosine, abbreviated as 8-oxodG or 8-oxodGuo. For completeness, it is worth noting that the ribonucleoside equivalent is 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine, abbreviated as 8-oxoGuo.MathematicsPlease click here for more information on the presentation of mathematical text.FootnotesFootnotes are not to be used except for designation of the corresponding author of the paper or current address information for an author (if different from that shown in the affiliation). Information concerning grant support of research should appear in a separate declaration of interest section at the end of the paper. Acknowledgements of the assistance of colleagues or similar notes of appreciation belong in a separate Acknowledgements section.Footnotes to tables should be typed directly below the table and are indicated by the following symbols: * (asterisk or star), † (dagger),‡ (double dagger), ¶ (paragraph mark), § (section mark), || (parallels), # (number sign). Reinitialise symbol sequence within tables.Editorial PoliciesAuthorshipAccording to the International Committee on Medical Journal Ethics (ICMJE), an author is defined as one who has made substantial contributions to the conception and development of a manuscript. Informa Pharmaceutical Science adheres to the ICMJE guidelines (/#author), which state that “authorship credit should be based on all of the following: 1) substantial contributions to conception and design, acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data; 2) drafting the article or advising it critically for important intell ectual content; and 3) final approval of the version to be published”1. All other contributors should be listed as acknowledgements.All submissions are expected to comply with the above definition. Changes to the authorship list after submission will result in a query from the publisher requesting written explanation. SubmissionBiomarkers considers all manuscripts on the strict condition that they have been submitted only to Biomarkers, that they have not been published already, nor are they under consideration for publication or in press elsewhere. Informa Pharmaceutical Science adheres to the Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines set forth by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). As per these guidelines, failure to adhere to the above conditions will result in the editor and Informa publishing an appropriate correction, a statement of retraction, or enacting a withdrawal of the article. In extreme cases, offending authors may be banned from submitting to Informa Pharmaceutical Science journals in the future, or reported to their institution‟s ethics committee.Peer ReviewAll manuscripts will be subjected to confidential peer review by experts in the field and, on the basis of reviewers‟ feedback, papers will be accepted unconditionally, accepted subject to revision or rejected.Ethics and ConsentDo not use patients' names, initials, or hospital numbers, especially in illustrative material. Identifying information should not be published in written descriptions, photographs, and pedigrees unless the information is essential for scientific purposesand the patient (or parent or guardian) gives written informed consent for publication.Informed consent for this purpose requires that the patient be shown the manuscript to be published.Papers including animal experiments or clinical trials must be conducted with approval by the local animal care or human subject committees, respectively (see below).To comply with FDAAA legislation, Informa Pharmaceutical Science requires trial registration as a condition of publication for all studies involving clinical trials. Trial registration numbers should be included in the abstract, with full details provided inthe methods section.1 Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals: Writing and Editing for Biomedical Publication. Available at: /All manuscripts, except reviews, must include a statement in the Introduction or Methods section that the study was approved by an Investigational Review Board (Human Studies Committee or Ethics Committee or Animal Care and UseCommittee), if applicable. Authors who do not have formal ethics review committees should include a statement that their study followed principles in the Declaration of Helsinki (/e/policy/b3.htm).When a product has not yet been approved by an appropriate regulatory body for the use described in the manuscript, the author must specify that the product is not approved for the use under discussion or that the product is still under investigation.Further information on Ethics and Consent can be found by clicking hereCopyright and PermissionsIt is a condition of publication that authors assign copyright or license the publication rights in their articles, including abstracts, to Informa UK Ltd. This enables us to ensure full copyright protection and to disseminate the article, and the Journal, to the widest possible readership in print and electronic formats as appropriate. Authors may, of course, use the article elsewhere after publication without prior permission from Informa UK Ltd., provided that acknowledgement is given to the Journal as the original source of publication, and that Informa Pharmaceutical Science is notified so that our records show that its use is properly authorised. Authors retain a number of other rights under the Informa UK Ltd. rights policies documents.Authors are required to sign an agreement for the transfer of copyright to the publisher. All accepted manuscripts, artwork, and photographs become the property of the publisher. A copyright agreement form can be downloaded by corresponding authors of accepted manuscripts with proofs. This should be signed and returned to Informa Pharmaceutical Science.Authors are themselves responsible for obtaining permission to reproduce copyright material from other sources.Further information on Permissions can be found by clicking here.Declaration of InterestIt is the policy of all Informa Pharmaceutical Science, to adhere in principle to the Conflict of Interest policy recommended by the ICMJE. All authors must disclose any financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence (bias) their work. It is the sole responsibility of authors to disclose any affiliation with any organization with a financial interest, direct or indirect, in the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript (such as consultancies, employment, paid expert testimony, honoraria, speakers bureaus, retainers, stock options or ownership, patents or patent applications or travel grants) that may affect the conduct or reporting of the work submitted. All sources of funding for research are to be explicitly stated. If uncertain as to what might be considered a potential conflict of interest, authors should err on the side of full disclosure.If there are no declarations, authors should explicitly state that there are none. This must be stated at the point of submission (within the manuscript, after the main text, under a subheading "Declaration of interest", and within the appropriate field on the journal's ScholarOne Manuscripts site). Manuscript submission cannot be completed unless a declaration of interest statement (either stating the disclosures or reporting that there are none) is included.This will be made available to reviewers and will appear in the published article. If any potential conflicts of interest are found to have been withheld following publication, the journal will proceed according to COPE guidance.The intent of this policy is not to prevent authors with any particular relationship or interest from publishing their work, but rather to adopt transparency such that reviewers, editors, the publisher, and most importantly, readers can make objective judgements concerning the work product.NIH/Wellcome Public and Open Access PoliciesIn consideration of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Wellcome Public and Open Access Policies, Informa Pharmaceutical Science acknowledges that the broad and open dissemination of NIH/Wellcome-funded research results may benefit future scientific and medical research. Because we value the current and future contributions our journals make to the scientific body of knowledge, we have made certain that our policies accommodate those authors who wish to submit to PubMed Central.As part of our author services program, Informa Pharmaceutical Science will deposit to PubMed Central (PMC) and UK PubMed Central (UKPMC) author manuscripts reporting NIH or Wellcome Trust funded research.This service will help authors to comply with the NIH and Wellcome Trust revised 'Public Access Policy' and …Open Access Policy‟, respectively.NIH policyNIH-funded authors must submit to PMC, or have submitted on their behalf, at the point of acceptance, their peer-reviewed author manuscripts, to appear on PMC no later than 12 months after final publication.Click here for more information.Wellcome Trust policyWellcome-funded authors must submit to UKPMC, or have submitted on their behalf, at the point of acceptance, their peer-reviewed author manuscripts, to appear on UKPMC no later than 6 months after final publication.Click here for more information.Informa Pharmaceutical Science will deliver to PMC/UKPMC the final peer-reviewed manuscript, which was accepted for publication and that reflects any author-agreed changes made in response to the peer review. We will also authorise the author manuscript‟s public access posting 12 months (NIH) or 6 months (Wellcome Trust) after final publication in print or electronic form (whichever is the sooner). Following the deposit, authors will receive further communications from the NIH Manuscript Submission System/UK Manuscript Submission System with respect to the submission.Under our Author Rights policy, authors also have the right to post their version of the submitted author manuscript (pre-print), or their version of the final published article (post-print) on their personal or institutional web site. Post-print web postings are subject to an embargo of 12 months. Please note that authors should not post manuscripts directly to PMC/UKPMC or other third party sites for any systematic external distribution by a third party (e.g., to a listserv or database connected to a public access server).Additional InformationProofsUsual practice will involve corresponding authors receiving email notification with a password and web address from which to download a PDF. Hard copies of proofs will not be mailed. To avoid delays in publication, corrections to proofs must be returned within 48 hours, by electronic transmittal, fax or mail. Authors will be charged for excessive correction at this。

CORR Author Instructions-2013

INSTRUCTIONS FOR AUTHORS AIMS AND SCOPESONLINE FIRST™ Quick Online PublicationCORR ARTICLE TYPES∙Symposium/Proceedings/Workshops∙Clinical Research∙Basic Research∙Survey Article∙Surgical Technique∙Case Reports∙Orthopaedic Case of the Month∙Letters-to-the-EditorWRITING FOR CORR®AUTHORSHIPMANUSCRIPT SUBMISSION REQUIREMENTSHOW TO SUBMITTHE MANUSCRIPTESM – Electronic Supplementary MaterialAFTER ACCEPTANCEETHICAL STANDARDSLEGAL REQUIREMENTSAIMS AND SCOPES (Navigate above)Devoted to disseminating new and important orthopaedic knowledge, Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research® is a leading peer-reviewed orthopaedic journal and a publication of The Association of Bone and Joint Surgeons®. CORR® brings readers the latest clinic al and basic research and informed opinions that shape today’s orthopaedic practice, thereby providing an opportunity to practice evidence-based medicine. With contributions from leading clinicians and researchers around the world we aim to be the premier journal providing an international perspective advancing knowledge of the musculoskeletal system.CORR® publishes content of value to both generalists and specialists on all aspects of musculoskeletal research, diagnoses, and treatment:∙Original articles focusing on timely clinical issues.∙Research articles highlighting the latest in basic biological or engineering research on musculoskeletal diseases.∙Monthly “Symposia” devoted to a single topic offering the generalist reader an overview of a field, but providing the specialist current in-depth information.∙Regular “Proceedings” issues containing the best research from the most important meetings in the specialty, including The Hip Society, The Knee Society, TheMusculoskeletal Tumor Society, and The Musculoskletal Infection Society..∙Monthly commentaries, features, and interviews that provide context on the discoveries published in each issue, insight into issues affecting orthopaedic practice,and the opportunity to go “behind the scenes” with the auth ors whose work isaffecting how patients get treated and how science gets done.Online First™—QUICK ONLINE PUBLICATION (Navigate above)Online First™ is a feature provided by Springer where articles are published online before they appear in print. The Online First service lets users access peer-reviewed articles well before print publication. These articles are searchable (on SpringerLink, PubMed, etc.) and citable by their DOI (Digital Object Identifier). Online First substantially reduces the time it takes for critical discoveries to reach readers.Articles are published online shortly after receipt of the corrected proofs. This is the official first publication citable with the digital object identifier number (DOI). After release of the printed version, the paper can also be cited by issue and page numbers.CORR ARTICLE TYPES (Navigate above)Please review and use the templates associated with each article type. Articles submitted without using the appropriate template may be returned for proper formatting.SYMPOSIUM/ PROCEEDINGS/WORKSHOPS (Fewer than 3000 words) (Navigate above)∙By invitation only and focusing on a specific topic of current interest; some symposia present papers from one of our affiliated specialty societies. They must conform to the guidelines for publishing in CORR®.CLINICAL RESEARCH ARTICLES (Fewer than 3000 words) (Navigate above)Articles using patients to explore treatment, diagnosis, prognosis, or economic-decision analyses. ∙Must follow the GUIDELINES in Writing for Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research∙Must organize as a QUESTION-DRIVEN text: authors must pose 2-4 specific questions (or hypotheses or purposes) in the Introduction and then have 2-4 corresponding paragraphs in Results and Discussion. It may be easiest for you to consider the 2-4 points you think most important or you want the reader to remember, then to formulate your questions or purposes based on those points.∙Additional information not related to the 2-4 key points may be included in a table, but need not be included in the text.∙Must use TEMPLATE for guide: Click for template.∙All observational studies (Level of Evidence III-IV) reporting patient data should provide all relevant information following the STROBE Guideline (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology) guidelines. These guidelines unify the reporting of observational studies and enhance the ability of future researchers to perform systematic reviews and meta-analyses. This will increase the impact of your article.The STROBE Initiative∙All randomized controlled trials (Level of Evidence I-II) should follow and submit the checklist of the CONSORT (CONsolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) Group. These guidelines unify the reporting of trials studies and enhance the ability of future researchers to perform systematic reviews and meta-analyses. This will increase the impact of your article.Checklist of the CONSORT Group∙General Guidelines for Clinical Followup:∙Articles reporting total joint arthroplasty– Minimum of 2 years followup on each patient when the device is relatively new. For older devices, for which there arepreviously reported results, we request a mean of 5 years. If the data suggest a highcomplication or failure rate, we have no minimum followup time requirements.∙Articles reporting tumors–The minimum time for followup depends on the purposes or questions and the tumor type. For articles reporting survival, we generally require aminimum followup reflecting the median time for recurrence or metastasis; these timesshould be documented by literature citations in the Introduction.∙Articles reporting trauma–The minimum time for all patients should be that time required for greater than 90% of the patients with that injury to heal, but typically oneyear for major long bone fractures. For ligament repairs we recommend a minimumfollowup of 2 years in the absence of substantial failures.∙Articles reporting infections–The minimum time for all patients will generally be that for most recurrences to appear; this will usually require a minimum of 1 year but all times should be justified. Criteria for infection must be clearly defined.∙Articles reporting followup of previously reported studies– In the Introduction briefly describe why longer followup should be reported (eg, new findings). Patients andMethods should be brief and refer to the previous study. The Discussion should be brief and focus on new findings. The manuscript (Introduction through Discussion) shouldcontain no more than 2000 words.BASIC RESEARCH ARTICLES (Fewer than 3000 words) (Navigate above)Articles exploring mechanisms in the musculoskeletal system or the effects of treatment typically not involving patients, although they may if the point is to explore mechanisms.∙Must follow the GUIDELINES in Writing for Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research ∙Must organize as a QUESTION-DRIVEN text: authors must pose 2-4 specific questions (or hypotheses or purposes) in the Introduction and then have 2-4 corresponding paragraphs in Results and Discussion. It may be easiest for you to consider the 2-4 points you think most important or you want the reader to remember, then to formulate your questions or purposes based on those points.∙Additional information not related to the 2-4 key points may be included in a table, but need not be included in the text.∙Must use TEMPLATE for guide: Click for template.SURVEY ARTICLES (Systematic Reviews or Meta-analyses) (Fewer than 5000 words) (Navigate above)We occasionally publish unsolicited survey articles (typically either systematic reviews or meta-analyses). Please contact the Editor-in-Chief prior to submitting.∙Must organize as a QUESTION-DRIVEN Text: authors should pose 2-4 specific questions (or hypotheses or purposes) in the Introduction and then have 2-4 corresponding paragraphs in Discussion. It may be easiest for you to consider the 2-4 points you think most important or you want the reader to remember, then to formulate your questions or purposes based on those points.∙Must use TEMPLATE for guide: Click for template.∙Include all key search engines (eg, MedLine, EMBASE, Google Scholar).∙Survey articles must have Introduction and Discussion sections, but the intervening sections may vary depending upon the particulars of the topic.∙Systematic reviews follow the Cochrane guidelines:The Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions∙We also suggest authors submitting systematic reviews read the following article. Click for article.Wright RW, Brand RA, Dunn W, Spindler KP. How to write a systematic review. Clin Orthop Rel Res. 2007;455:23-29.∙Meta-analyses follow the QUORUM (Quality of Reporting of Meta-analyses) guidelines and should include a flow chart as shown in the article. Click for article.Moher D, Cook DJ, Eastwood S, Olkin I, Rennie D, Stroup DF. Improving the quality of reports of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials: the QUOROM statement.QUOROM Group. Br J Surg. 2000;87:1448-1454.SURGICAL TECHIQUE (Fewer than 2000 words) (Navigate above)We encourage the submission of articles reporting new surgical approaches or substantial modifications of previously reported techniques.∙Must contain Introduction, Technique, Materials and Methods, Results, and Discussion. The Introduction should include the need and rationale for the new technique.∙Must use TEMPLATE for guide: Click for template.∙The technique should be described succinctly, yet with enough detail to be used by others.∙To validate the technique some results must be included in the text. These results must be appropriate for the problem being addressed and include sufficient numbers of patients, followup times, and assessment methods to warrant use by other physicians.∙The Discussion should be short and describe the advantages and disadvantages of the technique compared with previous techniques.∙We encourage authors to submit short video clips of unique aspects of the surgery (see instructions for submitting electronic supplementary material).CASE REPORTS (Fewer than 2000 words) (Navigate above)We receive a large number of case reports and typically accept those of exceptional teaching value. These might include the following: (1) a diagnostic dilemma; (2) an unusual manifestation of disease processes; (3) an unusual treatment challenge; (4) an unanticipated early failure or complications of some treatment. We typically do not accept cases in which two entities are associated since conditions may occur coincidentally, rather than causally. We also do not typically consider those situations for which the focus of the report is treatment since the success or failure of a treatment in a single case would not provide a basis for generalizing. Authors must include a comprehensive literature review if a rare event.∙ Must contain the following sections: Introduction, Case Report, and Discussion.∙Must use TEMPLATE for guide: Click for template.ORTHOPAEDIC CASE OF THE MONTH (Fewer than 2000 words) (Navigate above) These are case reports presented as unknowns. They have a required structure.∙Must use TEMPLATE for guide: Click for template.LETTERS-TO-THE-EDITOR (Fewer than 500 words) (Navigate above)We consider Letters-to-the-Editor only related to articles previously published in CORR.WRITING FOR CORR® (Navigate above)Authors of all articles are requested to read, “Writing for Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research”Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2008;466:239-247, before preparing manuscripts; manuscripts not following these guidelines may be returned.Writing for Clinical Orthopaedics and Related ResearchAUTHORSHIP (Navigate above)CORR’s approach to authorship is based on three principles:∙Giving credit only to those who earn it –Gift authorship is unethical, diminishes the contributions of authors who did the actual work, and harms the careers of younginvestigators.∙Protecting authors –Clear authorship standards protect authors from being held responsible for errors in data collection or acts of scientific misconduct they did not commit.∙Recognizing that answering important scientific questions often requires collaboration –The right size of the team is the size required to get the project done, but not every contribution merits authorship; for smaller contributions, an acknowledgement may be the right approach. CORR adheres to the guidelines on authorship outlined by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors in the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals (10/2008), which can be viewed at: /ethical_1author.html; a detailed presentation of our policy is also available at [Research is a Team Sport: Updated Authorship Guidelines for CORR®, /10.1007/s11999-013-2796-y] MANUSCRIPT SUBMISSION REQUIREMENTS (Navigate above)COPYRIGHT TRANSFERAt the time of submission authors will be asked to transfer copyright of the article to The Association of Bone and Joint Surgeons® (or grant the Publisher exclusive publication and dissemination rights). This will ensure the widest possible protection and dissemination of information under copyright laws.Completion of the Copyright Transfer Agreement, Authorship Responsibility, Financial Disclosure, Government Work Statement, and Disclosure Regarding Commercial Interests form is required at original submission. Each author must complete a form. To fulfill this requirement, the corresponding author must send the form below to each coauthor. Once all authors have signed a form, the corresponding author must collect the document(s) and upload with the submission into Editorial Manager on behalf of the coauthors.∙The Copyright Transfer Agreement∙Authorship Responsibility∙Financial Disclosure∙Government Work Statement∙Disclosure Regarding Commercial Interests formLink for these forms: Copyright Transfer Agreement, Authorship Responsibility,Financial Disclosure, Government Work Statement, and Disclosure RegardingCommercial Interests form∙Copy of letter from ethical committee approving your study (required for all studies involving humans or animals)ICMJE UNIFORM DISCLOSURE FORM FOR POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTERESTCompletion of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) Uniform Disclosure Form for Potential Conflicts of Interest is required at original submission. Each author must complete a form. Authors can access the interactive PDF form at the link below, complete the form electronically, and save (this form can be updated for future manuscripts as needed). The corresponding author must collect each of the document(s) and upload with the submission into Editorial Manager on behalf of the coauthors.Link for this form: ICMJE Uniform Disclosure Form for Potential Conflicts of Interest(/coi_disclosure.pdf)HOW TO SUBMIT (Navigate above)Authors submit their manuscripts online. You may connect directly to the site/CORR/ and upload all of your manuscript files. Follow the instructions given on the screen.Blinded Reviews: Authors of Clinical and Basic Research Articles have a choice of submitting their manuscripts for open or blinded review. Contributors to symposia, workshops, or proceedings are open review articles. For open review the title page should be the first page of the manuscript. For blinded review the title page must be created as a separate document and separately uploaded in Editorial Manager. Authors submitting manuscripts for blinded review are responsible for blinding of the manuscript text, including the names of the authors' institution, references to previous work, etc. Authors should be aware any referenced crucial methods or data referenced in the text and published by the authors would be obvious to reviewers. Reviewer Suggestions: Authors are encouraged to provide names of potential reviewers and may request specific individuals not review the work. Suggested reviewers should not be in the same institution of any author and should not have been a past collaborator of any author.THE MANUSCRIPT (Navigate above)TITLE PAGEThis page must include the following:∙ Title (containing fewer than 80 characters including spaces)∙ Running title (containing fewer than 40 characters including spaces)∙Author name(s) and final degree(s) (must follow authorship guidelines)∙The affiliation, address, and e-mail addresses of all authors∙Conflict of interest statement∙Ethical review committee statement∙ A statement of the location where the work was performed (only if authors are from multiple institutions)∙The e-mail address of the corresponding authorConflict of Interest Statement (Navigate above)Authors of all manuscripts published in CORR must clarify any and all potential conflicts of interest. On the Title Page please note any funding or financial support or potential sources of conflict of interest (this information must be consistent with the information entered in the ICMJE Uniform Disclosure Form for Potential Conflicts of Interest):∙Consultancies, stock ownership, equity interest, patent/licensing arrangements, etc.∙If any author has directly received research funding and/or has potential conflicts of interest, state, "One or more of the authors () has received funding from" and note thesource and the initials of those authors who received funding in the parentheses.∙If your institution received any sort of support, state, "The institution of one or more of the authors () has received funding from…" and insert the initials of those authors in the parentheses and note the source.∙If you received no financial support please note, "Each author certifies that he or she has no commercial associations (eg, consultancies, stock ownership, equity interest,patent/licensing arrangements, etc) that might pose a conflict of interest in connectionwith the submitted article."∙If you or any author have received or may receive any personal payment or in-kind benefit or other professional benefits from a commercial entity (eg, serve as aconsultant), please note, "XXX has or may receive payments or benefits from YYYrelated to this work." (Complete this for each author with initials XXX receiving anysort of payments or benefits from commercial entity YYY.)Ethical Review Committee Statement (Navigate above)Manuscripts involving humans or human data or animals must be accompanied by a copy of the letter from your ethical committee approving your study. The editors reserve the right to reject manuscripts that do not comply with the above-mentioned requirements. The author will be held responsible for false statements or failure to fulfill the above-mentionedrequirements.∙CORR requires all studies to have been performed in accordance with the ethical standards in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki∙All studies must have been carried out in accordance with relevant regulations of the US Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). Details that mightdisclose the identity of the subjects under study should be omitted.TEXT STYLETEXT FORMATTING∙Use a normal, plain font (12-point Times Roman) for text.∙Double space all text.∙Use the automatic page-numbering function to number the pages.∙Do not use field functions.∙Use tab stops or other commands for indents, not the space bar.∙Use the table function, not spreadsheets, to make tables.∙Use the equation editor or MathType for equations.∙Insert line numbers (Abstract through Discussion only)HEADING LEVELS, NUMBERINGCORR® requires main section headings but does not typically use subheadings. If subheadings are necessary, please use no more than one level of subheadings.ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMSNonstandard abbreviations should be defined at first mention and used consistently thereafter.SI UNITS, NUMBERSAlways use internationally accepted signs and symbols for units, SI units.TERMINOLOGYGeneric names of drugs and pesticides are preferred; if trade names are used, the generic name should be given at first mention. You must parenthetically provide the manufacturer, city, and country of all drugs, devices, assay materials, and instruments.Avoid reference to trade names in your Title, Abstract, and Introduction unless the material applies only to a single device (eg, a high failure rate); rather use generic names. Trade names may and should be used in Materials and Methods if specific devices were used. FOOTNOTESFootnotes on the title page are not given reference symbols. We do not allow footnotes in the body of the manuscript. Footnotes to tables should be indicated by superscript lower-case letters or asterisks.ACKNOWLEDGMENTSAcknowledgments should be placed in a separate section before the reference list. Note any nonfinancial acknowledgments. Begin with, “We thank…” and specify the nature of the contribution of the individual or individuals.IN-TEXT CITATIONSCitations in the text should be identified by numbers in square brackets, not superscript. Some examples:∙Negotiation research spans many disciplines [3].∙Carrier systems include inorganic material synthetic polymer [10, 14, 18], natural polymers [14, 25, 33], and bone allograft [2, 16].∙This effect has been widely studied [1-3, 7].REFERENCESThe list of references should only include works cited in the text or tables or figures that have been published in full form or accepted for publication in full form. If a method or critical interpretation depends on an accepted (but not yet published) manuscript, authors should include a copy with their submission for the reviewers. Abstracts may not be used as citations. Personal communications and unpublished works should not be cited (unless absolutely essential to make an otherwise unreferenced point). Do not use footnotes or endnotes as a substitute for a reference list.∙References should be alphabetized. Use the last name of the first author of each work. With multiple references by the same first author, alphabetize by the last name of a second and then third author if necessary. With multiple references by the same set of authors, thereferences should be ordered by the year.∙List all authors.∙Use only official PubMed journal abbreviations and italicize those names.∙Submission of references implies the authors have read the entire article and not merely the Abstract.∙Examples:∙Journal article: Kaplan FS, August CS, Dalinka MK. Bone densitometry observations of osteopetrosis in response to bone marrow transplantation. Clin Orthop Relat Res.1993;294:79-84.∙Chapter: Glick JM. Arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis. In: Guhl JF, Parisien JS, Boynton MD, eds. Foot and Ankle Arthroscopy. 3rd ed. New York, NY: Springer; 2004:163-174.∙Book: Watkins RG. Surgical Approaches to the Spine. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Springer;2003.∙Website: Health Care Financing Administration. 2004 statistics. Available a t: /stats/stathili.htm. Accessed July 29, 2005.FIGURE LEGENDS∙All illustrations must directly relate to a distinct point in the text; avoid redundant illustrations.∙Provide a separate legend page(s) following the References.∙For figures with multiple parts (eg, 1A, 1B, 1C) each part requires a separate legend. For example: Fig. 2A-B. The graph shows a Kaplan-Meier survival curve for (A) men and (B) women.∙Legends must be written in grammatically complete sentences.∙Identify previously published material by giving the original source in the form of a reference citation at the end of the figure caption.FIGURES∙All figures must be numbered using Arabic numerals.∙Cite figures in order of appearance in the text.∙All figures and tables must be cited separately in the text.∙In multipart figures each figure part should be denoted by uppercase letters in the lower left-hand corner; each part should be cited in the text.∙Color may be used to make points not readily illustrated with black and white; for example, surgical photographs, histologic sections, or complex graphics. Please see Color in Print below.∙To adhere to HIPAA regulations, no information should allow a patient to be identified.Mask all faces and remove all markings including patient identification from radiographs before photographing.∙If absolutely essential to illustrate a key point, photographs of recognizable persons must be accompanied by signed consent from the subject or legal guardian.∙Arrows or lettering denoting particular features should be large enough to be seen when the photograph is reduced in size.∙Magnification, internal scale markers, and stains must be included when appropriate.∙All line or original drawings must be professional quality.∙Any manuscript containing figures must have publication quality images submitted with the manuscript.∙We will not be able to send manuscripts for review without all relevant images.∙For more information about preparing your illustrations, please click link below.CORR® Artwork GuidelinesTABLES∙Create tables in your word processor using the table utility.∙Number the tables using Arabic numerals and cite in order of appearance in the text.∙Each table requires a brief heading describing the content. Tables do not have legends.∙Previously published tables or modifications of previously published tables must be referenced at the end of the table heading. We require written permission from the copyright holder for inclusion of such tables.∙All columns must have a heading.∙For a horizontal table: 10-12 columns and 35-40 rows are maximum (including title and spacing).∙For a vertical table: 6-8 columns and 50-60 rows are maximum (including title and spacing). ∙Footnotes beneath the table body may be used to describe entries requiring additional explanation. Nonstandard abbreviations should be spelled out fully in a footnote.∙Each table must be uploaded as a separate file and properly labeled in Editorial Manager.∙All tables must be cited separately in the text and each must make separate points.PERMISSIONS from Prior PublicationsAuthors wishing to include figures, tables, or text passages that have already been published elsewhere are required to obtain written permission from the copyright owner(s) for both the print and the online format and to include evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers. We cannot refund any costs that may have occurred to receive these permissions from other publishers. Some publishers do not grant electronic rights for free. In these cases we ask that you use figures from other sources. Any material received without such evidence will be assumed to originate from the authors.ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL (ESM) (Navigate above)CORR® invites contributing authors to publish additional, article-related materials on the Web site that complement and reinforce information published in the print journal.If Electronic Supplementary Material (ESM) is submitted, it will be published as received from the author in the online version only. All standard instructions for manuscript and video submission should be followed. ESM may consist of (1) information that cannot be printed: animations, video clips, sound recordings; (2) information that is more convenient in electronic form: sequences, spectral data, etc; (3) large amounts of original data, eg, additional tables, illustrations.Formatting of EMS∙The manuscript text must make specific mention of the material as a citation, similar to that of figures and tables: eg, (". . . as shown in Animation 3.").∙To accommodate user downloads, keep to the recommended upper limit for the size of the different file types. Larger-sized files may require very long download times, and some users may experience other problems during downloading.∙Video clips should not exceed 6 minutes or 60 MB. Anything exceeding 6 minutes must be submitted in two separate videos.∙Supply all supplementary material in standard file formats.∙Always use MPEG-1 (.mpg) format.∙Multimedia file for review and submission: Supply the MPEG-1 file with the largest frame size (usually 320 x 240 pixels) that will fit on a CD and will be playable on a Windows-based computer.。

6科技论文的投稿过程

• Types of contribution include: • papers reporting research and practice, typically 3500 words in length plus figures and tables • short communications, providing a rapid publication route for preliminary announcements of the results of current work, or short accounts of new techniques, typically 1000-1500 words in length with, at most, four figures and/or tables
2. Conditions of submission
By submitting to Materials Science & Technology, authors acknowledge and accept that papers are considered for publication on the basis: 1. that the paper presents original work that is not being considered or reviewed by any other publication, and has not been published elsewhere in the same or a similar form 2. that all authors are aware of, and have consented to, the submission of the paper to Materials Science & Technology 3. that the paper contains no libellous or unlawful statements.

《中国循证医学杂志》稿约

Chin J Evid-based Med 2010, 10(1): 100-102• 100 •C JEBM © 2010 Editorial Board of Chin J Evid-based MedInstructions for Authors《中国循证医学杂志》是由中华人民共和国教育部主管，四川大学主办，中国循证医学中心 / The Chinese Cochrane Center 和四川大学华西医院承办的医学类专业学术期刊。

其办刊宗旨是报道循证医学的最新研究成果，反映循证医学学科发展趋势，引领循证医学发展前沿，促进循证决策、循证实践和循证教育。

本刊为月刊，大 16 开本，每月 25 日出版，国内外公开发行。

刊号： CN 51–1656/R ，ISSN 1672–2513，邮发代号62-245。

1 栏目本刊主要栏目有：述评、专家论坛、教育与争鸣、评论、论《中国循证医学杂志》稿约著（原始研究、二次研究、方法学研究）、实践与交流、人物、循证说法、用户论坛、读者来信等。

其领域涵盖循证决策与管理；循证临床研究与实践（包括病因、预防、诊断、治疗、危害和预后等）；循证医学教育；病人安全与知识转化；循证基础医学（包括体外实验、动物实验等）；循证医学方法学研究等。

2来稿要求2.1文稿来稿应具有科学性、创新性和实用性，研究设计及统计学方法正确，资料真实、数据可靠、论点鲜明、结构严谨、层次清楚、条理分明、详略得当。

文稿的撰写格式和内容应遵循不同类型医学研究的报告规范（见附表），并参考本刊附表不同类型研究的医学报告规范CONSORT两组平行的随机对照试验The revised CONSORT statement for re -porting randomized trials: explanation and elaboration./ Ann Intern Med,2001, 134: 663-694CONSORT for Cluster Trials 整群试验CONSORT statement: extension to cluster randomised trials./BMJ,2004, 328: 702-708CONSORT for Harms 不良反应Better reporting of harms in randomized trials: an extension of the CONSORT state -ment./ Ann Intern Med,2004, 141: 781-788CONSORT for Non-inferiority and equivalence trials 非劣效和等效性试验Reporting of noninferiority and equivalence randomized trials: an extension of the CON -SORT statement./JAMA,2006, 295: 1152-1160CONSORT for Herbal medicinal interventions 草药Reporting randomized, controlled tri -als of herbal interventions: an elaborated CONSORT statement./ Ann Intern Med,2006, 144: 364-267CONSORT for TCM 中医药临床随机对照试验报告规范（征求意见稿）中国循证医学杂志2007, 7: 601-605QUOROMImproving the Quality of Reports of Meta-Analyses of Randomised Controlled Trials: The QUOROMLancet,1999, 354: 1896-1900MOOSE 流行病学中的观察性研究的Meta 分析Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology: A Proposal for Reporting JAMA,2000, 283: 2008-2012STRICTA 针刺试验Towards better standards of reportingcontrolled trials of acupuncture: the STRIC -TA statement/articles.htmAcupuncture in Medicine, 2002, 20: 22-25STARD 诊断性试验Towards Complete and Accurate Reporting of Studies of Diagnostic Accuracy: The STARD Initiative/ website%20stard/Ann Intern Med,2003, 138: 40-44TREND行为和公共卫生干预的非随机研究Improving the reporting quality of nonrandomized evaluations of behavioral and public health interventions: The TREND statement/asp/Am J Public Health, 2004, 94: 361-366STROBE流行病学中观察性研究Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology/Med Clin (Barc),2005, 125(Supl.1): 43-48REMARK癌症预测标记物研究Reporting recommendations for tumor Marker prognostic studies (REMARK)/assessment/progress/remark.htmlBr J Cancer,2005, 93: 387-391RedHot 顺势疗法Reporting Data on Homeopathic Treatments (RedHot):Supplement to CONSORT /Homeopathy, 2007, 96: 42-45ORION院内感染爆发报告和干预研究Introducing the ORION Statement, aCONSORT equivalent for infection control studies/orion.phpJ Hosp Infect,2007, 65(Suppl 2): 85-87中国循证医学杂志 2010, 10(1): 100～102• 101 •© 2010 中国循证医学杂志编辑部C JEBM 稿约近期发表的相关文章。

Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition 投稿格式要求

addresses on the cover page of the manuscript. One author should be identified as the Corresponding Author. The affiliations of all named co-authors should be the affiliation where the research was conducted. If any of the named co-authors moves affiliation during the peer review process, the new affiliation can be given as a footnote. Please note that no changes to affiliation can be made after the article is accepted. ■ Biographical notes on contributors are not required for this journal. ■ For all manuscripts non-discriminatory language is mandatory. Sexist or racist terms should not be used. ■ Authors must adhere to SI units . Units are not italicised. ■ When using a word which is or is asserted to be a proprietary term or trade mark, authors must use the symbol ® or TM.

Instructions for authors - BMC - revised

Instructions for preparation of manuscripts for publication in supplementsto BioMed Central journalsGeneral informationThe Editor-in-Chief/Executive Editor of the journal retains editorial control at all times and is responsible for all final acceptance decisions. The Editor-in-Chief/Executive Editor may request changes, corrections, re-review or reject articles which do not meet journal standards.Manuscripts accepted by the journal will be published online in fully browseable web forms and formatted PDF files. Articles will be available through BioMed Central website and submitted for inclusion in PubMed where applicable. Conditions of submission and BioMed Central License AgreementBy submitting an article to a supplement to a BioMed Central journal, authors confirm that all authors of the manuscript have read and agreed to its content and are accountable for all aspects of the accuracy and integrity of the manuscript in accordance with ICMJE criteria. They confirm that readily reproducible materials described in the manuscript will be freely available to any scientist wishing to use them for non-commercial purposes , and that ethical approval has been obtained for any human or animal experimentation (for more information see our Instructions for Authors). Authors also confirm that the manuscript is original, has not already been published in a journal and is not currently under consideration by another journal. Assuming your article is accepted for publication, you will later be asked to confirm your acceptance of these points and agreement to these and all other terms of the BioMed Central License Agreement, the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0, and our Open Data policy, which we strongly recommend you read.Editorial policiesAll manuscripts submitted for publication in supplements to BioMed Central journals must comply with our editorial policies. Before submission, please ensure that your manuscript meets the criteria outlined on our general policy page online at /about/editorialpolicies.Policies should be followed closely to minimise delays in the review and production process. They cover authorship, completing interests, peer review, confidentiality, ethics, trial registration, registration of systematic reviews, standards of reporting, publication of clinical datasets, data and material release, software describing new taxa, duplication publication, citations, copyright/libel and misconduct.The Duplicate publication policy is of particular importance for conference publications. Authors are required to ensure that no material submitted as part of a manuscript infringes existing copyrights, or the rights of a third party. The article should not already have been published in another journal or other citeable publication and should not be under consideration by any other journal (though it can already have been deposited on a preprint server). If articles have been published previously as extended abstracts then they must be significantly expanded, and include novel methods, results, analysis or interpretation. The original publication must be cited. Copying text from previously published work of others without acknowledging the source is plagiarism may be regarded as misconduct. Text recycling (also known as self-plagiarism, i.e. republication of the author’s own previously published work) is also inappropriate and may breach copyright. Any quotations must be clearly indicated by quote marks and the original source must be cited. For further guidance, please see BioMed Central's Duplicate Publication Policy /about/duplicatepublication.Instructions for authors – articles for submission to supplementsPlease prepare your manuscript in accordance with the instructions for the relevant article type on the journal's website /authors/instructions. For BMC Proceedings, please follow the instructions for BMC Bioinformatics (/bmcbioinformatics/authors/instructions#submitManuscript) for biology-based supplements or BMC Medical Genetics(/bmcmedgenet/authors/instructions#submitManuscript) for medicine-based supplements.Important exceptions to the instructions for articles to be submitted to supplements are outlined below: SubmissionPlease do not submit your supplement manuscript via our online submission system unless specifically asked to do so. Manuscripts (in English) and figures for supplements should be submitted to the supplement organizers and will then be submitted by email or via our ftp site to BioMed Central.PaymentStandard article processing charges (APCs) do not apply for supplements. Publication fees do apply, and arrangements for payment are made outside the online APC payment system. Please contact the Supplements Office if you have any questions regarding fees or payment. Please note that we cannot process supplement payments via membership schemes and cannot apply waivers to supplements.DeclarationsIn addition to the online guidance, all supplement articles must include a Declarations section stating specifically the source of funding for the article’s publication fee. If an arrangement has been made for an organization to pay publication fees on behalf of authors, BioMed Central will add this statement. Where authors are arranging to pay a fee directly to BioMed Central, they make their own declaration in this section and this is usually in the form "Publication charges for this article have been funded by…"Competing interestsAll articles should include a Competing interests section. It is particularly important for sponsored supplements to include relevant disclosures and to include a statement regarding any named sponsor products or compounds in development referred to in the article.ProofsThe supplement organizer will send links to the online proofs and corrections should be returned by email. Once the full text version of the article is finalised, we will create the PDF versions and check these in-house. Corrections cannot be made after the online proof stage.Author presubmission checklist for manuscripts for publication in supplements to BioMed Central journalsBefore submitting the manuscript to your supplement organizer, please go through the list of points below, and refer back to the main instructions if necessary. You should be aware that failure to follow the instructions may cause interruptions to the review and production process which could result in delayed publication of the whole supplement. If it is necessary to make any changes in proof due to incorrect formatting of the original files, changes will be at the discretion of the EditorsWhen you have checked each of the points, please make the required changes to your files.Incorrectly formatted manuscripts cause problems and delays during the production process.Title page of manuscript1. Authors' affiliations should be in the following format: Department, Institute, City, Post/Zip code, Country.2. Each affiliation must be linked to an author.3. All authors must be linked to their corresponding affiliation(s) using superscript numerals.4. Authors should not list their qualifications on the title page.5. One corresponding author should be indicated.6. A contact email address must be listed for each author.7. The title should be in bold, sentence case with no full stop at the end and no underlining.Manuscript sections8. Abstracts should be no longer than 350 words.9. Abstracts should not cite references, figures or tables, and the use of abbreviations should be minimized.10. The abstract should include trial registration details, if appropriate.11. All articles should include the following sections (in order): Abstract; Background; Main text with appropriate subheadings (see onlineinstructions for authors - for research articles headings should include Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusions); List of abbreviations used (if any); Competing interests; Ethics and consent; Declarations; Acknowledgements; References; Figure legends (if any); Tables (if any); Additional data files (if any). Do not number the sections.12. Please use sentence case for titles, headings and subheadings, with no unnecessary initial capital letters.13. Figures must be supplied as separate files (see below).14.Do not include footnotes or text boxes.15.Avoid including long URLs in the main body of the text, put them in the reference section with the name of the website.16. A competing interests section must be included17. A declarations section must be included18. Ensure that permission has been obtained to reproduce any previously published materials (e.g. text sections, reproduced figures/tables, etc”) and make sure the original publications are correctly referencedReferences19. References must be cited in the text using consecutive numbers in square brackets.20. References to other articles from within the same Supplement as your article must be highlighted in red.21. The reference list should be provided in the correct format so that the links to each referenced article’s abstract onPubMed (and/or the full text on the publisher’s website if applicable) can be created.Figures22.Each figure must be provided as a separate file, not embedded in the main manuscript file.23. If a figure consists of separate parts e.g. A and B, it is important that these parts are submitted in a single figure file andnot as individual figure files.24. The image file should not include the figure number, title or legend; these should be included in the manuscript file afterthe references. Sub-labelling (e.g. A, B, C) may be included in the figure file.25. Figures must be closely cropped so that only a small white border appears around the image.26. Figures should be of adequate resolution to ensure good reproduction online.27. Please name figure files so it is easy to identify which manuscript they belong to and which figure number they are.28. Indicate clearly if a figure is being reproduced or adapted with permission from another publicationTables29. Tables smaller than one side of A4 (210mm x 297mm) can appear within the main article and should be included at theend of the manuscript file, in the order that they are referred to in the text.30. Tables must be divided into cells/fields - tables generated with tabbed text are not acceptable.31. Tables should not include colour or shadingAdditional files32. These may consist of larger tables or other files, such as movies, PDF files, etc, that are not intended to appear withinthe body of the article.33. If authors have included additional files, they must include a separate section in the manuscript that lists: file name(s),file format(s), title(s) of data and short description(s) of data.34. Additional files must have the appropriate three-letter file extension for the programme you have used to generate them (e.g. .xls forExcel; .pdf for Acrobat files etc). Additional files must be cited in the text in the following way, eg: "see Additional file 1".。

一般审稿意见至少要包含三条（五篇范例）

一般审稿意见至少要包含三条（五篇范例）第一篇：一般审稿意见至少要包含三条一般审稿意见至少要包含三条：（1）简要描述论文的研究内容和意义，并作出评价。

对于其比较好的部分，要给于肯定。

（2）针对文章中的内容和结果，指出其具体的不足之处，并谈谈你的看法。

文章的不足之处有三种层次：第一，论文结果不正确或有重大失误；第二，论文缺乏重要的结果；第三，论文的结果不够完善。

（3）最后，给出你的综合评价，接受，修改，还是拒收。

英文论文审稿意见汇总以下关于英文投稿过程中编辑给出的意见,与大家一起分享。

12点无轻重主次之分。

每一点内容由总结性标题和代表性审稿人意见构成。

1、目标和结果不清晰。

It is noted that your manuscript needs careful editing by someone with expertise in technical English editing paying particular attention to English grammar, spelling, and sentence structure so that the goals and results of the study are clear to the reader.2、未解释研究方法或解释不充分。

◆ In general, there is a lack of explanation of replicates and statistical me thods used in the study.◆ Furthermore, an explanation of why the authors did these various experiments should be provided.3、对于研究设计的rationale:Also, there are few explanations of the rationale for the study design.4、夸张地陈述结论/夸大成果/不严谨：The conclusions are overstated.For example, the study did not showif the side effects from initial copper burst can be avoid with the polymer formulation.5、对hypothesis的清晰界定：A hypothesis needs to be presented。

Synthesis 投稿指南

Contents1Editorial Policy2Manuscript Submission3Manuscript Preparation4Additional Information1Editorial Policy1.1SYNTHESIS is an international journal devoted to the advancement of the science of synthetic chemistry. The journal publishes reviews and papers concerning synthesis in the broadest context of organic chemistry, including organo-metallic and organoheteroatom chemistry, photochemistry, medicinal and biological chemistry, natural products, organic polymers, and materials. Advances in mechanism, spectro-scopy, and separation science that have a significant impact on synthetic chemistry are also part of the purview of SYN-THESIS.Preprints. The editors of SYNTHESIS consider any manu-script as published and therefore not acceptable that has been made available to the public on personal web pages, in elec-tronic journals, public computer databases, or news groups.1.2Reviews (up to 25 template-based pages, including ta-bles and graphics) present and critically evaluate recent deve-lopments in a specific area of interest to the readership. They are normally invited; authors wishing to submit a review are requested to first contact Prof. D. Enders, the Editor in Chief.1.3Short Reviews (up to 10 template-based pages) provi-de concise and critical updates on a subject of high interest. They are written by leading experts in an emerging field and provide a concise assessment of the current state of the art and an outlook on future developments. They are normally invi-ted; authors wishing to submit a short review are requested to first contact Prof. M. Lautens.1.4Papers (up to 12 template-based pages, including ta-bles and graphics) report original research which has not been previously published, except in the form of an abstract or pre-liminary communication, and is not being considered for pu-blication elsewhere. Papers are to be submitted to the appropriate Regional Editor, who evaluates them with the aid of referees on the basis of scientific quality, originality, and general interest to the readership. The Editor may also reject inappropriate manuscripts without consulting referees. Au-thors are required to submit on a separate sheet a brief state-ment of the significance of the work presented and suggest possible referees. Not all manuscripts submitted can be ac-cepted for publication; research based on analogy without claim to special significance, including a simple change of conditions (e.g., conventional heating to microwave irradiati-on), will not be considered.All papers must contain:∙ The source of all less common starting materials.∙ Detailed experimental procedures.∙ A full set of spectroscopic and physical data for:– all new compounds with significantly different structures from each other,– representative examples of new compounds with similar structures when they are prepared by the same or similar methods,– all isolated intermediates in multistep syntheses, except when they are too labile.The following data must be included:– isolated yield [% and mass yield (on g or mol scale)], phy-sical state and color– melting point (for all solids)– optical rotation, retention factor (if applicable)– IR, 1H and 13C NMR, MS– elemental analysis (where this is not possible, for example, high molecular weight compounds, HRMS and 13C NMR data may be acceptable at the Editor’s discretion); elemental analysis calculated and found values should be within ± 0.4%.∙ Limited comparative physical data from the literature and the corresponding reference or CAS number for known compounds.∙ Clear formula schemes including reaction conditions and % yields.∙ Notation of the scope and limitations of the work reported.∙ Adequate citation of other work in the area.1.5Short Papers (2-3 template-based pages, including tables and graphics) report new results not published pre-viously in a preliminary form. They must satisfy the require-ments given above for papers, from which they differ mainly in scope. Short papers differ from preliminary communica-tions in that they are definitive publications of fully developed research containing complete experimental details.1.6Feature Articles (up to 12 template-based pages, in-cluding tables and graphics) are research papers that are given special prominence because of their high scientific standard and general interest. Feature Articles are invited or selected by the Editors. The goal of a Feature Article is to inform the broad readership of the journal about outstanding and seminal research in the field of synthetic organic chemistry. The signi-ficance of the work within the broader context of organic che-mistry should be stated in the introduction. In makeup and organization, they must satisfy the requirements given above for papers.1.7PSP Articles (Practical Synthetic Procedures) (up to 4 template-based pages, including tables and graphics) pre-sent in a compact form useful and reliable procedures of inte-rest for both academic and industrial chemists. Special attention should be given to Scope and Limitations of the described synthetic methods. PSP articles must satisfy the re-quirements given for papers and start with a scheme summa-rizing the procedure(s). PSP articles are generally invited, but authors wishing to submit a contribution may do so to the ap-propriate Regional Editor.1.8Book Reviews that are of specific interest to synthetic chemists are published. These define the subject area and sco-pe of the book and critically evaluate the contents. Book Reviews are invited by the Book Review Editor at the editorial office (please contact Stefanie Baumann at stefa-nie.baumann@thieme.de). Suggestions for books to be re-viewed and for reviewers are actively encouraged.2Manuscript Submission2.1Instructions for Electronic Submission Manuscripts must be submitted exclusively online at /synthesis. Manuscripts may no longer be submitted by regular mail or e-mail. Commonly used text processors should be used for preparati-on of the manuscripts. The manuscript has to be accompanied by a cover letter, in which the authors briefly explain the si-gnificance of their findings and the interest to the readership of SYNTHESIS.The manuscript (main text, tables, structural formulas and figures) should be submitted as one file. Authors will be guided stepwise through the uploading of various files. Be-fore submission, prepare and have available all information on the manuscript (cover letter, title, short title, key words, full name and affiliation of all authors, abstract, names of all files to be submitted).The system automatically converts source files to a single Ad-obe Acrobat PDF version of the article, which is used in the peer review process. Please note that even though manuscript source files are converted into PDF at submission for the re-view process, these source files are needed for further proces-sing after acceptance. All correspondence, including notification of the editor’s decision and requests for revision, takes place by e-mail.The following items should be submitted via the online sub-mission site:• Manuscript main document: It is necessary to embed the tables/figures/schemes in the relevant position of the manu-script file. The manuscript (main text, tables, structural formu-las and figures) should be submitted as one file. Authors are strongly encouraged to use the template for manuscript prepa-ration, available at /en/products/ journals/synthesis/for-authors.html. Manuscripts can also be submitted without using the template, although this is not the preferred option. All non-template manuscripts must still be presented in a format that is both logical and easy to fol-low, otherwise they may be rejected without evaluation. All graphics and tables must be integrated into this file.• Graphic files: as individual files or all files together in zipped format.• Graphical abstract: for the table of contents (to be submit-ted as a separate file).• Cover letter: highlighting the novelty, significance, and ur-gency of the submitted work, which merits rapid publication and providing details of other relevant information, e.g., sub-mitted or in press manuscripts.• Supporting Information: in Word or PDF format.• Primary Data (optional): as zip file. 2.2Editorial Board ResponsibilitiesAuthors should address their manuscripts to the appropriate Regional Editor via the online submission site of SYNTHESIS (/synthesis).2.2.1Reviews should be addressed to the Editor in Chief.Editor in Chief:Prof. Dieter EndersRWTH Aachen University, GermanyE-mail: enders@rwth-aachen.de2.2.2Original Papers, Feature and PSP Articles should be addressed to the appropriate Regional or Inviting Editor gi-ven below. Short Reviews should be addressed to Prof. Mark Lautens.The Americas:Prof. Mark LautensUniversity of Toronto, CanadaE-mail: mtan@chem.utoronto.caJapan, Korea, the Chinese Mainland, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macau:Prof. Tohru FukuyamaThe University of Tokyo, JapanE-mail: synth@mol.f.u-tokyo.ac.jpProf. Xue-Long HouShanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, P. R. of China E-mail: synthesis@Europe and All Other Countries:Prof. Thorsten BachTechnische Universität München, GermanyE-mail: synthesis@ch.tum.deProf. P. Andrew EvansQueen’s University, Kingston, CanadaE-mail: synthesis@chem.queensu.caProf. Paul KnochelLudwig-Maximilians-Universität München, GermanyE-mail: knoch@cup.uni-muenchen.deSpecial Issue/Special Topics Editor:Prof. Erick M. CarreiraETH Hoenggerberg, Zürich, SwitzerlandE-mail: carreira@org.chem.ethz.chInvited Special Reviews:Bernd GieseUniversity of Fribourg, SwitzerlandE-mail: bernd.giese@unifr.ch3Manuscript Preparation3.1Authors should first examine a current issue of SYN-THESIS for guidance with respect to format, style, and pre-sentation. We generally follow style guidelines set forth by the American Chemical Society.The language of publication is English. When this is not the author’s native language, the manuscript should receive lan-guage polishing from a native speaker or someone equivalent with very good English knowledge skills before submission. British and American spellings are both acceptable as long as consistency is maintained throughout an individual manu-script.3.2Nomenclature should be based on the systematic rules adopted by the IUPAC or Chemical Abstracts. We re-commend that authors check their nomenclature carefully before submission. The editorial office uses ACD/IUPAC Name Pro () to generate IUPAC names. Trivial names should be avoided unless they offer a distinct advantage over the corresponding systematic names.The use of abbreviations is recommended in the experimen-tal section, tables, and formula schemes, but should not be used in the title, abstract or text. Common abbreviations, such as t-Bu, Et, Me, Ph, DMF, mp, mL, mmol, and min, do not need to be defined; less common or ambiguous abbrevia-tions should be defined when they first appear (see also the abbreviation list at /en/products/ journals/synthesis/for-authors.html). SI Units should be used. The preferred unit of pressure is mbar.3.3Graphic Abstracts. A drawing, representing a visual summary of the work performed, must be provided [maxi-mum dimensions 12 × 4 cm (4.7 × 1.6 in.), using the same settings as required for all other drawings]. The graphic ab-stract, which appears in the Table of Contents, will often de-termine whether a reader continues on to read the full article. Therefore, accurate, informative, and clear graphics are re-quired and the use of color is strongly encouraged. Graphic abstracts should convey the major point of the article to the reader; equations given should be clear and substantive infor-mation (yields, reaction time, etc.) should be included. The graphic abstract does not replace the written abstract. Samples are available for download from /en/products/journals/synthesis/for-authors.html.3.4The title (maximum 200 characters, including spaces), appearing at the top of page one, should reflect the contents of the manuscript. A short title should be provided for the header (maximum 65 characters, including spaces). First letters of all words, except for conjunctions, articles and prepositions, should be capitalized.The names of the authors (please spell out first and last names) and the addresses at which the research was per-formed should appear under the title. Authors should also in-clude fax number and e-mail address for correspondence. Use the letters a, b, etc. as superscripts to relate authors to addres-ses, and a star to indicate the author to whom correspondence regarding the paper should be addressed. Use a number in the References section to give the current address of an author when necessary, please do not use any other symbols. A short dedication may appear after the address.Reviews and Feature Articles should be submitted with bio-graphical sketches and photos of all authors. Short Reviews should be submitted with biographical sketches and one photo of all authors or the main author.3.5All articles must contain a written abstract, which should summarize the results and conclusions of the research performed without using compound numbers. Five to eight keywords should be chosen with reference to our key word list (see /en/products/journals/ synthesis/for-authors.html).3.6Formula schemes, figures, and artwork require a unique title and must be referred to in the text. Drawings can only be named Scheme, Figure, or Equation. In Schemes (which show reactions) where the reaction conditions are not given in the caption, reagents and conditions should appear above the arrow, with yields and selectivity results below the arrow.Color graphics are reproduced at no cost to the author, provi-ded color adds significantly to the scientific understanding of the paper. All inquiries should be directed to the editorial of-fice.3.7Tables must be created in Word format and must have a title. Designate footnotes as superscript a, b, c, etc.3.8The experimental section must contain all the infor-mation necessary to guarantee reproducibility. In an intro-ductory paragraph, information concerning solvents, sources of less common starting materials, and makes and models of instrumentation used in the collection of analytical data should be detailed. Write procedures in the past tense inclu-ding the weight, mmol, volume, etc. in brackets after the names of the substances or solvent, for example:... To a solution of (1S)-(+)-camphorsulfonyl chloride (2.5 g,10.0 mmol) in MeOH (20 mL) was added ...A precise workup procedure containing all details, including the amount of solvent used for extraction and details of chro-matographic purification, should be given. In the text all compounds, solvents and drying agents should be named; common abbreviations and formulae such as THF and CH2Cl2should be used. Physical and spectroscopic data should be included in the experimental section or, in cases where a large number of compounds are prepared, presented in tables. Spectroscopic data should be presented according to the ACS Style Guide and be stated in the order and format shown in the following examples:Mp 241–234 °C; [a]D20 +25.4 (c 1.00, CHCl3); R f = 0.3 (hexanes–EtOAc, 5:1).IR (KBr): 3245, 3120, 1720, 1690, 1535, 1460 cm–1.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): d = 2.44 (s, 3 H, CH3), 2.79 (s, 3 H, COCH3), 7.20 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1 H, H-7), 7.51 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 1 H, H-8), 7.85 (s, 1 H, H-5), 17.75 (s, 1 H, OH).13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d6): d = 8.9, 30.3, 51.9, 66.2, 169.6, 178.8.31P NMR and other NMR nuclei likewise.MS (EI, 70 eV): m/z (%) = 213.9 (90), 270.2 (100) [M + H]+. HRMS–FAB: m/z [M + H]+ calcd for C21H38N4O6S: 475.5285; found: 475.5267.UV/Vis (CH2Cl2): l max (log e) = 236 (4.00), 278 (4.59), 284 (4.57), 329 nm (3.41); or UV (CH2Cl2): l max(e) = 268 (21900), 458 nm (68800).Anal. Calcd for C32H50BrP: C, 70.44; H, 9.24. Found: C, 70.32; H, 9.43.Physical appearance (color, state) and yield are required for all compounds described in the experimental section. Pro-duct yields should be given in terms of g or mol as well as in % and it should be specified if this is for crude or pure pro-duct. NMR: Always give coupling constants for well-resolved peaks. After each chemical shift, enter in parenthe-ses multiplicity, coupling constants, number of protons, and assignment, in that order.Supporting Information: Required are copies of 1H and 13C NMR spectra of all synthesized compounds and, if cited in the reference section, copies of unpublished papers that are “submitted”, “accepted for publication” or “in press”; both in Word or PDF format. These will be used in the reviewing process and the spectra can also be published online upon re-quest. All other supporting information is optional. Primary experimental data (optional) are all types of ana-lytical data in their original format as obtained from the tech-nical equipment used for compound characterization. All data should be supplied in a logically structured form and uploaded as zip files. Data for specific compounds should be summarized in separate folders with subfolders for each ana-lytical technique (1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS, HRMS, etc.). An additional Word document has to be prepared, describing the software which allows processing the data, as well as giv-ing the structures and corresponding compound numbers for all provided data sets (see also / en/products/journals/synthesis/for-authors.html). Primary data will be published in zip format and will receive a unique DOI different from that of the corresponding article. This al-lows independent citation of the data. Crystallographic Data. Complete X-ray data will not be pu-blished. These data should be deposited at an appropriate in-ternational data institute, and the deposition number cited in a reference. If a representation of the crystal structure (e.g., ORTEP) is to be included, it should be accompanied by the following data: (1) formula, (2) crystal data, (3) method of collection, (4) methods of structure solution and refinement, and (5) selected bond lengths and angles.CAS registry numbers may be supplied in the following format [CAS Reg. No. xxxxxx-xx-x] and placed under the compound name title.3.9Acknowledgment s should be brief and placed after the experimental section.3.10References should be placed collectively after the Acknowledgment and numbered consecutively. Authors are encouraged to list all relevant references and cite extensively. Cited work that is unpublished at the moment of submission (“submitted”, “accepted for publication” or “in press”) must be provided as part of the “Supporting Information for Re-view Only”. When one reference number contains more than one citation, please separate them into (a), (b), (c), etc. (see example 3). Provide the names and initials of all authors and do not use et al. Use journal abbreviations in accordance with Chemical Abstracts (Chemical Abstracts Source Index, CASSI). If reference is made to a patent or a less readily available journal, the Chemical Abstracts reference should also be cited. Please do not use tabs.From issues 01/2012 onwards, volume numbers are introdu-ced for SYNTHESIS, SYNLETT and SYNFACTS (previous volumes up to 2011 will not be numbered retrospectively). Examples of References(1) New address: P. J. Kocienski, School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.(2) Lim, D. S. W.; Anderson, E. A. Synthesis2012, 44, 983.(3) (a) List, B. Synlett2001, 1675. (b) Harb, H. Y.; Procter,D. J. Synlett2012, 23, 6. (c) Müller, T. J. J. Synthesis2012, 44, 159. (d) Kocienski, P. Synfacts2012, 8, 5.(4) Meyers, A. I.; Flanagan, M. E. Org. Synth. Coll. Vol. IX; John Wiley & Sons: London, 1998, 258.(5) Corey, E. J.; Cheng, X. M. The Logic of Chemical Synthesis; Wiley: New York, 1989.(6) Reissig, H.-U.; Zimmer, R. In Science of Synthesis, Vol. 33; Molander, G.-A., Ed.; Thieme: Stuttgart, 2006, 371. (7) Kolotilo, N. V.; Sinitsa, A. A.; Rassukana, Yu. V.; Onys’ko, P. P. Zh. Obshch. Khim. 2006, 76, 1260; Chem. Abstr. 2006, 146, 316980.(8) Nakamura, H.; Yamamoto, H. PCT Int. Appl. WO 2005043630, 2005; Chem. Abstr.2005, 142, 440277.4Additional Information4.1By accepting a manuscript, the publisher acquires the copyright, including the rights of translation, for the dura-tion of the copyright period. Authors receive the copyright form together with the galley proofs of their article.4.2Galley proofs will be sent to the corresponding au-thor by e-mail as a PDF file for corrections. Authors may be required to provide additional information at the proof stage, in order to comply with the above instructions.4.3Authors do not receive fees, and page charges are not levied.4.4Authors receive electronic reprints in PDF format free of charge and, upon request, one copy of the printed is-sue containing their article. These will be sent after print publication of the journal issue.4.5Correspondence concerning accepted manuscripts and galley proofs should be directed to:SYNTHESIS Editorial OfficeGeorg Thieme Verlag KGRuedigerstr. 14, 70469 Stuttgart, GermanyPhone: +49(711)8931-744; Fax: +49(711)8931-777E-mail: selena.boothroyd@thieme.deThe Instructions for Authors as well as information on our archiving policy can be found on our website:/en/products/ journals/synthesis/for-authors.html•Before submissionPrepare the cover letter and have available all informa-tion on the manuscript (title, short title, key words, full name and affiliation of all authors, abstract, names of all files to be submitted).•File submissionThe following items should be uploaded:– Manuscript main document: Please embed the tables/figures/schemes in the relevant position or at the end of the manuscript file. Template usage ispreferred.– Graphic files: preferred as zip files– Graphical abstract: for the table of contents– Cover letter– Supporting Information: as separate file(s)– Primary Data (optional): as zip file •Preparation of text*– Please do not use footnotes or endnotes.– Subscripts and superscripts should be made in the standard way and not by reducing the point size.– References should have only one space after thenumber, do not use tabs.– Please assign where figures, schemes and tablesshould be placed and cite them in the text.– Captions for graphic files should be given as part of the manuscript text, not as text within the graphic.– Avoid underlinings and indentations.•Tables*– Tables must be created in Word format.– Please use table formatting.– Each item (paragraph, graphic, etc.) should beplaced in its own cell.•PhotosWe accept only– JPG files, TIF files (not less than 300 dpi)•Graphic files*ChemDraw files are preferred (see settings):If you use the pre-installed ChemDraw settings(File – Apply Document Settings from –SYNTHESIS, SYNLETT Document), the images must be scaled down to 70% (either by the author or in the editorial office) to reach the correct final sizes: 8.5 cm (3.4 in.) for 1-column width and17.5 cm (6.8 in.) for 2-column width, respectively.We also accept IsisDraw, ChemWindows andPhotoshop files, but please adhere to the abovesettings.Do not forget the Graphic Abstract!Captions must be placed in the text file,not in the graphic file!The Editorial Office would be happy to offer advice concerning all technical aspects of manuscript submission. Please contact:synlett_synthesis@thieme.deBest wayPrepare the manuscript in Word, with graphics and tables integrated into the text, using the manuscript template available at /en/products/journals/synthesis/for-authors.html.Manuscripts must be submitted via /synthesis.* Template users: Please also refer to the instructions contained therein!。

plant disease_author_instructions

Addendum toInstructions for A uthors 2010Plant Disease Now Offers Online Publication Upon AcceptancePlant Disease has instituted a new feature called First Look. Within a few days of acceptance, an unedited, unformatted version of your paper can be posted online. This means that your paper will be considered published and citable up to 90 days sooner than under the current system.When you submit a new manuscript, you will be asked, “Do you want your paper published online prior to print?” If you check “yes” and your paper is accepted, you will receive notification to go to “First Look Papers” in your author center. If you used track changes or inserted comments to the senior editor in the final revision, they should be removed at this point so that a clean version of the manuscript is posted. The paper will not be posted without your final approval.The following statement will appear on papers posted in First Look:Plant Disease “First Look” paper • doi: 10.1094/PDIS-00-00-0000 • posted 00-00-2010This paper has been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but has not yetbeen copyedited or proofread. The final published version may differ.Plant Disease I nstructions for Authors, 2010NOTE: Electronic Submission Pro-cedure: Plant Dise ase uses an elec-tronic submission system that will speed the handling of your manuscript and allow you to check on its status at any time during the review process. See instructions under “Guidelines for Electronic Manuscript Submission.” Plant Dise ase is an official monthly publication of The American Phytopa-thological Society (APS). This interna-tional journal of applied plant pathology publishes original research articles, reports of new diseases and epidemics, and feature articles on needs, approaches, and accom-plishments. Papers acceptable for publica-tion in Plant Dise ase report findings that are reproducible or, for long-term experi-ments, findings that are consistent over a period of years. Manuscripts from sympo-sia at annual APS meetings may be sub-mitted. Organizers of a symposium should make arrangements with the Editor-in-Chief for submissions before the sympo-sium is presented. Manuscripts from sym-posia are subject to the same review proc-ess and charges applied to other articles.All opinions, editorials, and papers pub-lished in Plant Disease reflect the views of the authors and are not necessarily the views of APS or the institutions with which the authors are affiliated. The edi-tors reserve the right to reject or accept letters for publication and to edit letters for clarity and conciseness.Guidelines for Electronic Manuscript SubmissionPlant Dise ase requires that all manu-scripts, including Features and Disease Notes, be submitted electronically via an Internet service called Manuscript Central. Electronic submission speeds the handling of your manuscript and allows you to monitor its status at any time during the review process. Submission implies non-submission elsewhere and (if accepted) no publication elsewhere in the same form without consent.Procedure. Type http://mc.manuscript /plantdisease in your internet browser to bring up the log-in screen. First-time users must create an account. Follow the on-screen directions to create your ac-count and submit your manuscript. Text files can be in Word, WordPerfect, Rich Text, or most common word-processing programs. Figures should be submitted in .tif, .eps, or .jpg format. Line drawings and composite figures generated in an MS Office program can be submitted in the original format. Detailed instructions arefound below.Te chnical proble ms. Assistance withtechnical difficulties in submission isavailable from Thompson Reuters Scholar-One, Inc., the parent company of Manu-script Central. First, click the “G et HelpNow” button in the top right corner of thewebsite and consult “FAQs” (frequentlyasked questions). Telephone support isalso available by calling ThompsonReuters at +1.888.503.1050 option 1 or+1.434.964.4100 option 1.Manuscripts will be assigned to an ap-propriate Senior Editor by the Editor-in-Chief. Authors will be notified of this as-signment by e-mail and will be contactedby the Senior Editor when the initial re-view process is completed. Correspon-dence with authors will be by e-mailand/or conventional mail at the discretionof the Senior Editor.An author receiving reviews and edito-rial recommendations for revision of amanuscript has 3 months to complete therevision and return it to the editor, againthrough Manuscript Central. Suggestedrevisions that substantially change theauthor’s intent or appear to be in error maybe rebutted with a documented explanationto the editor when the revised manuscriptis returned. Unless authors have permis-sion from the Senior Editor for a briefdelay in revision, manuscripts requiringmore than 3 months for revision may besubject to additional peer review.The final files submitted to ManuscriptCentral and accepted by the Senior Editorwill be used by the editorial office forprocessing the manuscript for publication.Page charges. Because of the high costof publishing articles in Plant Dise ase,payment of page charges is mandatory.Current charges are $50 per printed pagefor the first six pages and $80 for eachpage thereafter for members of TheAmerican Phytopathological Society and$130 per printed page for nonmembers. Inaddition, there is a $20 fee charged foreach black-and-white figure or line draw-ing. Color charges are $500 for the firstillustration, $500 for the second illustra-tion, and $250 for the third and each sub-sequent color illustration in one article.The charge for Disease Notes is $100 forAPS members and $160 for nonmembers.The author is billed after the article isprinted in the journal. Page charges aresubject to change without notice.Biosecurity policy. The APS biosecu-rity policy developed by the PublicationsBoard to screen potential articles for re-search that constitutes a misuse of plantpathological methods or a potential dangerto society from the improper application ofknowledge in our field is available at:/members/ppb/PDFs/BiosecurityAPSPubBoardPolicy.pdf.In addition, before a report on a discov-ery of an Agricultural Select Agent can besubmitted for publication, the detection ofthe Select Agent must be reported toUSDA APHIS. See the APS Policy onPublishing on Agricultural Select Agentsat: /page/SelectAgents_Policy.For more information contact:R. Michael DavisEditor-in-Chief, Plant DiseaseDepartment of Plant PathologyUniversity of CaliforniaOne Shields AvenueDavis, CA 95616, USAE-mail: rmdavis@Phone: +1.530.752.0303Fax: +1.530.752.5674or the Editorial Office at:E-mail: droeder@Telephone: +1.651.994-3863Fax: +1.651.454.0766Plant Disease3340 Pilot Knob RoadSt. Paul, MN 55121, USAAuthors can facilitate review and process-ing of the ir manuscripts by re ading thisguide carefully and completing the check-list in these Instructions for Authors beforesubmitting their papers.Research and New Diseases and Epi-demics. Consult current issues for arrange-ment of heads, subheads, etc. Follow theguidelines in the accompanying checklist.Feature Articles. A Feature article is asolicited or contributed narrative summa-rizing a significant topic in plant pathologyfor those who are not specialists in the nar-rative’s subject matter. Feature article man-uscripts are peer reviewed in the same man-ner as research articles, but the nature of thenarrative requires different criteria for judg-ing suitability for publication. The format ofa Feature article differs significantly fromthat of a research article. Authors mustsubmit an outline for approval to the FeatureEditor before preparing a manuscript. AllFeature article correspondence is with theFeature Editor.For more information contact:James J. FarrarPlant Science DepartmentCalifornia State University2415 E. San Ramon M/S AS 72Fresno, CA 93740-80331E-mail: jfarrar@Phone: +1.559.278.5724Authors of Feature articles are not as-sessed page charges. However, color pho-tographs and drawings are an essential aspect of Feature articles. A charge of $600 is assessed for use of color images. Au-thors should provide publication quality images for all figures.Special Reports. Significant communi-cations relevant to the mission of the journal but inappropriate for other sections (e.g., techniques or specialized equipment, crop or commodity loss estimates, routine surveys, instructional or extension programs, and descriptions of computer simulations and expert systems) are published as Special Reports. Computer software described in Special Reports or other sections of the jour-nal must be in the public domain or available from a nonprofit organization. Special Re-ports are subject to peer review. If a com-puter application is the subject, submit elec-tronic copies of the software and users’ guide to the Editor-in-Chief. Page charges for Special Reports are the same as for Re-search articles.Disease Notes. A Disease Note is a short research paper intended to encour-age early reporting of significant out-breaks or significant changes in geo-graphic location of diseases, new hosts, or new physiological races of pathogens. For instructions on preparing and submit-ting a Note, see “Instructions for Authors of Disease Notes” on page 5.Disease Notes are intended to stand alone, not to serve as preliminary reports of work that will later be presented in full-length papers. Disease Notes must not duplicate the content of published ab-stracts or posters or those submitted for publication. Reports published in another language may not be submitted as Disease Notes. First reports of new diseases, i.e., a new pathogen on a new host, generally should be presented as full-length manu-scripts rather than as Notes.The charge for Disease Notes is $100 for APS members and $160 for nonmem-bers. There will be no pro rata charges. Interpretive Summaries. To make re-search published in the journal accessible to people outside the normal readership, Plant Dise ase publishes interpretive sum-maries online of articles appearing in the print journal. The intended audience in-cludes farmers, certified crop advisors and pesticide applicators, agricultural chemical and seed dealers, county extension person-nel, and scientists outside the discipline of plant pathology. Interpretive summaries are published in electronic format only, accessible from a link from the online table of contents.An interpretive summary should be the same length as an abstract but differ in con-tent. It should set out the question or prob-lem being investigated and go on to state how the findings of the study can be used toanswer the question or solve the problem. Itcan include a statement as to how the find-ings in the study help answer a broaderquestion. An interpretive summary shouldbe written in standard English and be com-prehensible to readers without specializedknowledge of plant pathology. Avoid usingphytopathological terms, such as “inocu-lum” or “conidia.” For an example of a wellwritten Interpretive Summary, see Aniksteret al., 2005 (/doi/interp/10.1094/PD-89-0303).When submitting a manuscript forwhich you wish to include an interpretivesummary, please include the summarywith the rest of the manuscript.Online “e-X tra” options. APS offerscost-effective online article enhancements,called e-Xtras, designed to supplementarticles. e-Xtra options include the follow-ing: Figures in color online; figures thatare black-and-white in print may appear incolor online ($20 per figure). Supplementalmaterials, such as tables or figures, maybe linked to the online table of contents($20 per supplement). Up to five externallinks, provided by the authors, from theonline table of contents to public databasessuch as G enBank or other approved web-sites, will be provided free of charge (addi-tional links at $5 per link). For DiseaseNotes,e-Xtra options are one or two fig-ures, provided in .jpeg format, with cap-tions of up to 50 words, linked to the onlinetable of contents ($20 per figure).e-Xtra options are subject to review andmust be included in the original submission.Accepted materials can be provided in MSWord, WordPerfect, MS Excel, and .jpgformats. e-Xtra options should not be re-ferred to in the text. See APS net for submis-sion instructions for all online options.Cover submissions. Y ou may submit acolor photograph to be considered for thecover of Plant Disease. Only electronicimages are acceptable, and they can standalone or accompany your accepted manu-script. The image should illustrate a planthost infected by a pathogen, both of whichmust be identified. Images must be at least1,500 pixels wide. To submit, attach theimage(s) to an e-mail containing the follow-ing information: host, disease, scientificname of the pathogen, short description ofthe disease, and your name and address. Ifan image is to accompany a manuscript,include the manuscript number. Send to: Checklist for Research Papers Submitted to Plant DiseaseContentR Significance and originality of work are shown.R Major conclusions are supported by resultsfrom repeated experiments. Reproducibilityof results is illustrated.R Objectives are clearly stated in introduction.R Introduction includes a succinct evaluation ofthe topic, including all relevant literature cita-tions.R Experimental design and methodology arefully explained.R Proper and sufficient analyses are conducted(review by qualified statistician before sub-mission is encouraged).R Discussion relates work to other publishedmaterial and addresses strengths and weak-nesses of research.R Manuscripts are reviewed critically beforesubmission.FormatR Line-numbered pages 8 1/2 × 11 inches, dou-ble-spaced (including tables and figure cap-tions). Typescript is 12 point.R First author name, page number, and PlantDisease on the bottom of each page.R Tables on numbered pages after LiteratureCited section and in text format.R Captions for figures on a separate numberedpage following tables.R Title. Does not exceed 100 characters andspaces. Includes host, pathogen or disease, andphenomenon, as appropriate. (Do not use bothcommon and scientific names for organisms.)R Author name(s), affiliations (author titles op-tional), and addresses given in a separateparagraph.R Corresponding author name, e-mail address,Accession numbers (if needed), and dis-claimers given before the abstract.R Abstract. Begins with reference line. Limitedto 200 words in one paragraph.R Organization of text. Major sections after theintroductory statements are: Materials andMethods, Results, Discussion, and LiteratureCited. (General techniques and methods arebest described in Materials and Methods; briefdescriptions of experiments and trials may begiven in Results. Subheadings may be used,but avoid excessive fragmentation of the text.Footnotes to the text are not permitted.)R Acknowledgments are provided after the text.R Literature citations. References listed in al-phabetical order by authors’ surnames. Cita-tions in text given by number.R Interpretive summary optional but encour-aged. Limited to 200 words in one paragraph.FiguresR Figures are “boxed.” First letter of first wordof axis is capitalized.R Figures are prepared for same-size reproduc-tion (55, 117, or 178 mm). Consistent styleand sizing is used for all figures.R Figures are submitted as separate files in .tif,.eps, or .jpg format for PC or .tiff, .pict, .jpeg,or .eps format for Macintosh.Supporting materialR Proof of all “in press” citations.R Copies of personal communication for verifica-tion.R Permission granted for copyrighted material.R V oucher cultures and specimens deposited inrecognized collections. Accession numbersobtained for nucleotide sequences.2Diana Roeder, EditorE-mail: droeder@Scientific nomenclature and lan-guage. Scientific language—measure-ments, specialized vocabulary, and no-menclature—is always in flux. Never-theless, a manuscript should be prepared with internal consistency and attention to current standards of usage. Where legiti-mate differences in language and nomen-clature exist, the preferences of authors will be respected. Following is a brief survey of guidelines and references that authors can consult as they prepare their manuscripts, along with any APS Publica-tions Board policies that may apply to usage (a quick guide to APS editorial style is provided below). Abbreviations. Avoid nonstandard ab-breviations in text. These may be used in tables (see below).Apparatus and materials. Names of un-usual proprietary materials and special ap-paratus should be followed by the manu-facturer’s name and address in parentheses (city and state [United States] or country). It is only necessary to cite these materials by specific name if the work cannot otherwise be replicated without them. Trade names may be used and should be capitalized; trademark symbols should not be used. Chemistry terms. The Merck Index (15) and Hawle y’s Che mical Dictionary (11) are good sources for checking spellingsof chemical terms. List fungicides andother pesticides by their approved com-mon or generic names. Brand names andformulations should be included paren-thetically when a pesticide is first men-tioned. The current Farm ChemicalsHandbook (2) and the EnvironmentalProtection Agency (7) are good sources.Use the chemical name if a commonname is not available.Common names of plant dis eas es. Forcommon names of plant diseases, the listdeveloped by the APS Committee on Stan-dardization of Common Names for PlantDiseases should be used (http://www.aps/online/common/top.asp).Cultures.Indicate the source of cul-tures. Include culture designations ob-tained from or deposited in recognizedcollections. In addition, papers are ac-cepted on the condition that microbestrains and plant variants developed in thecourse of the research will be available fordistribution to all qualified members of thescientific community, either directly fromthe investigator or by deposit in national orinternational collections.Enzymes. Use the names recommendedin the latest issue of Enzyme Nomenclature(9). Give the number of the enzyme at itsfirst use (e.g., EC 1.1.75.6).Genetics. Rieger et al. (17), Stenesh(22), and King et al. (10) are good special-ized genetics and molecular biology dic-tionaries.Germpla m creening. Plant Dise aseshould not serve as an archive for reportsthat consist solely of lists of cultivars orgermplasm accessions and their reactions.When the results of large germplasmscreenings are reported, data may be sum-marized and accessions grouped for pres-entation. Means and appropriate statisticsshould be calculated and presented in lieuof long lists of identical data for numerousindividual accessions.Names of organis ms. Scientific namesshould be included for all organisms thatare subjects of the research. Use the scien-tific name of the principal host in the intro-duction and the abstract. After first use ofbinomials, the name can be written byabbreviating the genus, e.g., P. cactorum.For trinomials, the name can be written byabbreviating the genus name and spellingout the specific epithet and subspecificepithet, e.g., P. graminis f. sp. tritici.Authoritie s for Latin binomials. Citationsof authorities for Latin binomial names mustbe provided at first mention in the text of theprimary hosts and pathogens discussed. Cita-tions of authorities for other organisms men-tioned are optional but appropriate for manu-scripts dealing with taxonomy or nomen-clature or for unfamiliar binomials.Bacteria. Spell per Be rgey’s Manual ofSyste matic Bacte riology (21) or the Ap-Quick Guide to APS Editorial Style(see text of Instructions for more complete references)NumbersNumerals for measurements, including ad hoc measurements such as drops, wells.Commas in numerals of 4 digits or more (except for digits used as designa-tions).Zero in front of decimal points.In lists where one item is multidigit, use numerals throughout.Spell out numbers at the beginning of a sentence (if number is spelled out, unit of measure also should be spelled out).-fold: threefold, manyfold, 10-fold.Ranges: use “to” rather than “–,” except in tables.MeasurementsUse units of the Système International d’Unités (SI units).Do not abbreviate measurements in titles.Time: second (s), minute (min), hour (h), day (day), week, month, year.V olume: liter (spell out), but ml, µl, etc.Use the degree symbol with temperature (70°C).Binomials and trinomialsAll taxa are italicized. In trinomials, always spell out species,e.g., X. campestris pv. campestris.Molecular weight and DaltonsCorrect: The molecular weight of protein x is 54,000.The molecular mass of protein x is 54,000 Da (or 54 kDa). Incorrect: The molecular weight of protein x is 54,000 Da (or 54 kDa). EnumerationUse (i), (ii), (iii), (iv).Prefixes and suffixesGenerally should be closed up (e.g., postinfection, loopsful), even in non-standard constructions; see dictionary or style manuals for exceptions. Compound wordsWhen two words are used as adjectives preceding a noun, as a rule they are hyphenated. If uncertain, consult the dictionary (24) or style manuals.AbbreviationsConsult the list below for the standard abbreviations for commonterms. Authors may coin abbreviations. Limit the use of coinedabbreviations to terms used frequently and unusually long terms.Spell out the term and place the abbreviation in parentheses at first use; use the abbreviation after that, including at the beginning of sentences.Problem abbreviations and termsaa—amino acidsCarborundum—capitalizeCasamino AcidsCeliteCFU—colony-forming units, do not spell out if preceded by a numeral cheesecloth—one wordchi-square test or χ2cis, trans—italicizecM—centimorgan, spell out at first useCoomassie brilliant bluedf—degrees of freedom, do not spell out if preceded by a numeralet al., not et al.GLM—general linear modelgram negative, gram positiveGram stainLB broth—Luria-Bertani brothLR white resinMAb—monoclonal antibodyP—probability, do not spell outParafilm—capitalizephytoplasma, not MLO or mycoplasmalike organismpotato dextrose agar, no hyphenppm—parts per millionR f—retardation factorV8 juice agar—no hyphen3proved List of Bacterial Names (20). Note that per Bergey’s style, groups below the level of subspecies should be italicized. Where appli-cable, designate strains. For information on phytoplasmas, see Brown et al. (6).Fungi. The preferred source for com-mon and scientific names and authorities of fungi is U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Systematic Botany and Mycology Laboratory Fungal Database (/fungaldata bases/index.cfm). Ainsworth and Bisby’s Dictionary of the Fungi (1) is another good reference. When new fungal taxa are de-scribed, the authors are strongly encour-aged to submit the name and appropriate information to MycoBank (http://www. /DefaultPage.aspx). For mod-ern binomials to apply to powdery mildews (Erysiphales), it is suggested that authors check the Erysiphales Database (www. )mon Name s of Inse cts and Related Organisms (4) can be used to ver-ify insect names. Include scientific names for important insect vectors.Plants. The PLANTS Database, Natural Resources Conservation Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture (http://plants. /index.html) is a good source for spelling of common and scientific names. Other good sources are Merriam-Webster’s Colle giate Dictionary (24), Scie ntific and Common Name s of 7,000 Vascular Plants in the Unite d State s (5), and The Plant-Book (13). Regional floras may be used. Use the term “cultivar” for agronomic and horticultural varieties. Identify the source of cultivars and include plant introduction (PI) numbers when appropriate. The name of a cultivar may be preceded by the ab-breviation cv. or enclosed in single quota-tion marks at first use.Viruses. A virus species name should be printed in italics, with the first word and any subsequent proper noun capitalized, e.g., Wheat American striate mosaic virus. The accepted acronym for the virus should be introduced at first usage in the text of the manuscript. Subsequent reference to the same virus should be by the accepted acro-nym, which is not italicized, e.g., TSWV. Virus names written in tables also should be italicized. The name of a tentative species whose taxonomic status is uncertain should not be written in italics, but its first word (and any proper nouns) should be capital-ized. Authors do not need to add taxonomic information to the name of a virus other than to identify the taxonomic relationship of the virus species. When used, virus fam-ily, subfamily, and genus also should be capitalized and printed in italics, and the name of the taxon should precede the term for the taxonomic unit, e.g., the family Bun-yaviridae and the genus Tospovirus.Nucleic acid s equences. Submit new nucleic acid sequences for the primary organism(s) of interest to G enBank or a similar public database and report acces-sion numbers. Deposit sequence alignmentsin TreeBASE at /treebase/index.html or in a similar publicdatabase and report accession numbers.Accession numbers cited from G enBank,EMBL, and other databases for primarynucleotide or amino acid sequence datashould be referenced in text, not in Litera-ture Cited. Provide accession numbers thatare generated in the study as footnotes onthe first page and in the text.Software. Software used should be treatedas a proprietary material or apparatus. G ivethe manufacturer or developer name in paren-theses with location (city and state or coun-try). Software such as that produced by SASshould not be cited in literature citations.Statistics. Describe statistical methodsin the Materials and Methods section andprovide enough detail to enable the readerto verify the reported results. Except forsimple procedures (e.g., t tests), cite anappropriate and accessible statistical textand indicate the computer program used, ifany. Data analysis should be done with astandard statistical computing package, notwith a spreadsheet program. Spreadsheetprograms are known to have many errorsin their algorithms for data analysis.Always specify the experimental designand indicate whether the design was bal-anced. G ive details of randomization andblocking, as well as number of replicates,blocks, or observations. Clearly distinguishbetween true replications and subsampleswithin a replication–treatment combina-tion. Do not refer to sampling as randomunless it was done in a statistically accept-able random manner. For example, ifplants within a plot were selected arbitrar-ily for disease assessment, do not refer tothese as a random sample.Present results with an appropriate indi-cation of variability or measurement error(e.g., a confidence interval). When means(or medians) are followed by ± x, indicatewhether x refers to the standard deviationof error or half the confidence interval.Avoid exclusive reliance on hypothesistesting such as “significant or not signifi-cant at P = 0.05.” Instead, give theachieved significance level for statisticaltests (e.g., F was significant at P = 0.03).Duncan’s multiple range test is not accept-able as a mean separation procedure.Whenever possible, researchers shouldconsult a statistician before designing anexperiment and when analyzing results.. Formore information see Garrett et al. (8), Mad-den (14), Shah and Madden (19), Littell et al.(12), Piegorsch and Bailer (16), Schabenber-ger and Pierce (18), or Westfall et al. (25).Units of time. Day is never abbreviated.Week (wk), month (mo), and year (yr) areabbreviated only in tables. Second (s),minute (min), and hour (h) are abbreviatedif preceded by a numeral.General editorial style. Most of thestyle guides mentioned have good discus-sions of English, grammar, and style.Other good general references are TheChicago Manual of Style (23) and Mer-riam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary (24).Literature cited. References should becalled out in text by their numbers in thealphabetized reference list. Always cite theoriginal source of publication, whetherprint or online. List references in alpha-betic order by authors’ surnames. Whenciting multiple works by the same author,list articles by one author before those byseveral authors. Determine the sequenceby first alphabetizing the first author’sand coauthors’ surnames, then by theyear of publication (most recent last),and, if necessary, by the page numbers ofarticles published in the same journal.Italicize Latin binomials, capitalize G er-man nouns, and insert diacritical marks asneeded. List specific pages of books. Referto the BIOSIS List of Se rials (3) for ac-cepted abbreviations of journal names.Check the accuracy of each citation andthat each is cited in text. Only referencesgenerally available through librariesshould be listed in Literature Cited. Ifwork cited is in preparation, submitted butnot accepted for publication, or not readilyavailable in libraries, cite the work paren-thetically only in text, e.g., (J. Jones, P.Marx, and W. Wiley, unpublished) or (J.Jones, pe rsonal communication). The au-thor must include a letter from the source ofa personal communication with the submit-ted manuscript that gives permission to usethe information provided. Avoid excessivereference to unpublished information.Databases. Accession numbers citedfrom G enBank, EMBL, and other data-bases for primary nucleotide or amino acidsequence data should be referenced in text,not in Literature Cited. Provide accessionnumbers that are part of the research asfootnotes on the first page or in text.Online publications. For literature cita-tions of publications available or refer-enced online that were originally publishedin traditional print form, the originalprinted version should be cited. Materialsoriginally published online by establishedsources (the Senior Editor will make theassessment of the online source) shouldbe cited as published online. Citation ofonline articles should include author(s),date, title, publication name or sponsor-ing organization, and publication numberor digital object identifier (doi), if any,e.g., Nadeem, A. 1997. Title of article.Mol. Plant Pathol. Online publication.doi:/1997/0612nadeem. Other onlinesources, such as databases, should be ref-erenced by author(s), if any, title, sponsor-ing organization, date accessed, and elec-tronic address, e.g., Farr, D. F., andRossman, A. Y. Fungal Databases. System-atic Mycology and Microbiology Labora-tory, ARS, USDA. Retrieved 10 November2009 from /fungaldatabases/. If information used in text canbe found online but is not from an estab-4。

ASA投稿要求

Table of Contents:I.General Editorial, Ethical and Legal Issues一般编辑、伦理、法律问题A.AuthorshipB.Group Authorship团体作者C.Group Collaborators合作者D.Copyright 版权E.Duplicate, Prior or Divided Publications重复的、优先的、分开的出版物F.Scientific Misconduct科学不端行为G.Human Studies: IRB Approval and Consent人体研究H.Animal Studies: Animal Care Approval动物研究：动物伦理批准I.Conflicts of Interest利益冲突pliance with NIH and Other Research Funding AgencyAccessibility Requirements符合美国国立卫生研究院和其他研究资助机构的可达性要求K.Study Design Issues实验设计1.PreClinical Trials2.Surveys调查3.Observational Studies观察性研究4.Clinical Trials临床试验II.Types of Papers论文类型A.Original Investigations原始调查B.Clinical Concepts and Commentary (CCC) Articles临床概念和评论文章C.Review Articles review文章D.Special Articles特殊文章E.Correspondence对应F.Mind to MindG.Clinical Practice Guidelines 临床指南H.Images in Anesthesiology (IiA) 图像I.Other Items其他项目III.Manuscript PreparationA.General Arrangement Information on electronic documents电子文件一般资料整理B.Title Page标题页C.Abstract (when required) 摘要D.Body Text正文E.References参考文献F.Tables表G.Appendices附录H.Figure Legends图I.Figures图1.Color Images彩图2.Preparation of Electronic Figures3.Journal Cover Figures杂志封面彩图J.Manuscripts "In Press"K.Supplemental Digital Content补充数字内容L.Additional Information附加信息1.Units of Measurement测量单位2.Abbreviations缩写3.Drug Names and Equipment药品名称和设备4.Data Reporting and Statistics数据报告和统计5.Patient Identification患者识别M.Permissions权限nguage Editing Services语言编辑服务IV.Submission of Electronic Documents提交电子文件A.File Formats, Text文件格式，B.File Formats, Fonts文本文件格式，字体C.File Formats, Graphics and Images图像和图形D.File Sizes文件大小I.General Editorial, Legal and Ethical IssuesA.AuthorshipEach manuscript must have one "Corresponding Author." Anesthesiology follows the ICMJERecommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing and Publication of Scholarly Work inMedical Journals to define the criteria required for authorship. All authors must have participated in the design, execution, and/or analysis of the work presented, and attest to the accuracy andvalidity of the contents. All persons or organizations involved in the work must be listed asauthors or acknowledged. Manuscripts are received with the understanding that they have beenwritten by the authors; ghostwritten papers are unacceptable. See Cullen D: Ghostwriting inscientific anesthesia journals. Anesthesiology 1997; 87: 195-6..每个手稿都必须有相应的作者。

Plant Cell Reports投稿指南,投稿要求

Instructions for AuthorsTYPES OF PAPERSThe journal publishes original and focus articles, reviews and opinion papers.Information for Review AuthorsPlant Cell Reports publishes timely reviews on major developments in all areas of plant cell biology. Prospective authors may provide a short outline (one or two pages) of the proposed review.The general instructions for authors should be used for all technical aspects of manuscript preparation. The "Materials and methods" and "Results" sections are not needed, but please give an introduction before proceeding to the details and use informative headings for the different parts of your review. Reviews should not be longer than seven printed pages, including references, tables, and figures (approx. 21 manuscript pages, or 5,000 words).Review Authors will not be charged for printing essential color figures.Information on Focus contributionsFocus articles are short commentaries, experimental advances, methods, or opinion papers of no more than 1000 words and 5 references, max. one figure or table. Focus articles are intended for fast-track publication; an abstract is not needed.Biographical summaryAuthors of Reviews, Focus Papers and Guest Editorials are invited to supply a brief biographical summary (between 50 and 100 words) and a black and white glossy photograph, passport-sized. MANUSCRIPT SUBMISSIONManuscript SubmissionSubmission of a manuscript implies: that the work described has not been published before; that it is not under consideration for publication anywhere else; that its publication has been approved by all co-authors, if any, as well as by the responsible authorities – tacitly or explicitly – at the institute where the work has been carried out. The publisher will not be held legally responsible should there be any claims for compensation.PermissionsAuthors wishing to include figures, tables, or text passages that have already been published elsewhere are required to obtain permission from the copyright owner(s) for both the print and online format and to include evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers. Any material received without such evidence will be assumed to originate from the authors.Online SubmissionAuthors should submit their manuscripts online. Electronic submission substantially reduces the editorial processing and reviewing times and shortens overall publication times. Please follow the hyperlink “Submit online” on the right and upload all of your manuscript files following the instructions given on the screen.AUTHOR CONTRIBUTION STATEMENTAuthors must provide a short description of the contributions made by each listed author (please use initials). This will be published in a separate section in front of the Acknowledgments.•Example: AM and DB conceived and designed research. AM and BB conducted experiments.GR contributed new reagents or analytical tools. AM and GR analyzed data. AM wrote themanuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.Note by the editors:Please be aware that changes to the list of authors are not possible after final acceptance of themanuscript.The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors has advice on what constitutes properauthorship:•ICMJE adviceLANGUAGEManuscripts that are accepted for publication will be checked by our copyeditors for spelling and formal style. This may not be sufficient if English is not your native language and substantial editing would be required. In that case, you may want to ask a native speaker to help you or arrange for your manuscript to be checked by a professional language editor prior to submission. A clear and concise language will help editors and reviewers concentrate on the scientific content of your paper and thus smooth the peer review process.The following editing service provides language editing for scientific articles in medicine, biomedical and life sciences, chemistry, physics, engineering, business/economics, and humanities•Edanz Editing GlobalPlease contact the editing service directly to make arrangements for editing and payment.Use of an editing service is neither a requirement nor a guarantee of acceptance for publication.TITLE PAGETitle PageThe title page should include:•The name(s) of the author(s)• A concise and informative title•The affiliation(s) and address(es) of the author(s)•The e-mail address, telephone and fax numbers of the corresponding authorAbstractPlease provide an abstract of 150 to 250 words. The abstract should not contain any undefinedabbreviations or unspecified references.KeywordsPlease provide 4 to 6 keywords which can be used for indexing purposes.KEY MESSAGE•Please summarize the main achievement of your manuscript beyond the meaning of the manuscript title. This "Key Message" may not contain more than 30 words, and is essential fororiginal research papers only. It is not needed for Reviews and Opinion Papers.TEXTText FormattingManuscripts should be submitted in Word.•Use a normal, plain font (e.g., 10-point Times Roman) for text.•Use italics for emphasis.•Use the automatic page numbering function to number the pages.•Do not use field functions.•Use tab stops or other commands for indents, not the space bar.•Use the table function, not spreadsheets, to make tables.•Use the equation editor or MathType for equations.•Save your file in docx format (Word 2007 or higher) or doc format (older Word versions).Manuscripts with mathematical content can also be submitted in LaTeX.•LaTeX macro package (zip, 182 kB)HeadingsPlease use no more than three levels of displayed headings.AbbreviationsAbbreviations should be defined at first mention and used consistently thereafter.FootnotesFootnotes can be used to give additional information, which may include the citation of a reference included in the reference list. They should not consist solely of a reference citation, and they should never include the bibliographic details of a reference. They should also not contain any figures or tables.Footnotes to the text are numbered consecutively; those to tables should be indicated by superscript lower-case letters (or asterisks for significance values and other statistical data). Footnotes to the title or the authors of the article are not given reference symbols.Always use footnotes instead of endnotes.AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments of people, grants, funds, etc. should be placed in a separate section before thereference list. The names of funding organizations should be written in full.SCIENTIFIC STYLEGenus and species names should be in italics.REFERENCESCitationCite references in the text by name and year in parentheses. Some examples:•Negotiation research spans many disciplines (Thompson 1990).•This result was later contradicted by Becker and Seligman (1996).•This effect has been widely studied (Abbott 1991; Barakat et al. 1995; Kelso and Smith 1998;Medvec et al. 1999).Reference listThe list of references should only include works that are cited in the text and that have been published or accepted for publication. Personal communications and unpublished works should only be mentioned in the text. Do not use footnotes or endnotes as a substitute for a reference list.Reference list entries should be alphabetized by the last names of the first author of each work.•Journal articleGamelin FX, Baquet G, Berthoin S, Thevenet D, Nourry C, Nottin S, Bosquet L (2009) Effectof high intensity intermittent training on heart rate variability in prepubescent children. Eur JAppl Physiol 105:731-738. doi: 10.1007/s00421-008-0955-8Ideally, the names of all authors should be provided, but the usage of “et al” in long authorlists will also be accepted:Smith J, Jones M Jr, Houghton L et al (1999) Future of health insurance. N Engl J Med965:325–329•Article by DOISlifka MK, Whitton JL (2000) Clinical implications of dysregulated cytokine production. J MolMed. doi:10.1007/s001090000086•BookSouth J, Blass B (2001) The future of modern genomics. Blackwell, London •Book chapterBrown B, Aaron M (2001) The politics of nature. In: Smith J (ed) The rise of moderngenomics, 3rd edn. Wiley, New York, pp 230-257•Online documentCartwright J (2007) Big stars have weather too. IOP Publishing PhysicsWeb./articles/news/11/6/16/1. Accessed 26 June 2007•DissertationTrent JW (1975) Experimental acute renal failure. Dissertation, University of California Always use the standard abbreviation of a journal’s name according to the ISSN List of Title Word Abbreviations, see• LTWAIf you are unsure, please use the full journal title.For authors using EndNote, Springer provides an output style that supports the formatting of in-text citations and reference list.•EndNote style (zip, 2 kB)TABLES•All tables are to be numbered using Arabic numerals.•Tables should always be cited in text in consecutive numerical order.•For each table, please supply a table caption (title) explaining the components of the table.•Identify any previously published material by giving the original source in the form of a reference at the end of the table caption.•Footnotes to tables should be indicated by superscript lower-case letters (or asterisks for significance values and other statistical data) and included beneath the table body.ARTWORK AND ILLUSTRATIONS GUIDELINESElectronic Figure Submission•Supply all figures electronically.•Indicate what graphics program was used to create the artwork.•For vector graphics, the preferred format is EPS; for halftones, please use TIFF format.MSOffice files are also acceptable.•Vector graphics containing fonts must have the fonts embedded in the files.•Name your figure files with "Fig" and the figure number, e.g., Fig1.eps.Line Art•Definition: Black and white graphic with no shading.•Do not use faint lines and/or lettering and check that all lines and lettering within the figures are legible at final size.•All lines should be at least 0.1 mm (0.3 pt) wide.•Scanned line drawings and line drawings in bitmap format should have a minimum resolution of 1200 dpi.•Vector graphics containing fonts must have the fonts embedded in the files.Halftone Art•Definition: Photographs, drawings, or paintings with fine shading, etc.•If any magnification is used in the photographs, indicate this by using scale bars within the figures themselves.•Halftones should have a minimum resolution of 300 dpi.Combination Art•Definition: a combination of halftone and line art, e.g., halftones containing line drawing, extensive lettering, color diagrams, etc.•Combination artwork should have a minimum resolution of 600 dpi.Color Art•Color art is free of charge for online publication.•If black and white will be shown in the print version, make sure that the main information will still be visible. Many colors are not distinguishable from one another when converted to black and white. A simple way to check this is to make a xerographic copy to see if the necessarydistinctions between the different colors are still apparent.•If the figures will be printed in black and white, do not refer to color in the captions.•Color illustrations should be submitted as RGB (8 bits per channel).Figure Lettering•To add lettering, it is best to use Helvetica or Arial (sans serif fonts).•Keep lettering consistently sized throughout your final-sized artwork, usually about 2–3 mm (8–12 pt).•Variance of type size within an illustration should be minimal, e.g., do not use 8-pt type on an axis and 20-pt type for the axis label.•Avoid effects such as shading, outline letters, etc.•Do not include titles or captions within your illustrations.Figure Numbering•All figures are to be numbered using Arabic numerals.•Figures should always be cited in text in consecutive numerical order.•Figure parts should be denoted by lowercase letters (a, b, c, etc.).•If an appendix appears in your article and it contains one or more figures, continue the consecutive numbering of the main text. Do not number the appendix figures,"A1, A2, A3, etc." Figures in online appendices (Electronic Supplementary Material) should, however, be numbered separately.Figure Captions•Each figure should have a concise caption describing accurately what the figure depicts.Include the captions in the text file of the manuscript, not in the figure file.•Figure captions begin with the term Fig. in bold type, followed by the figure number, also in bold type.•No punctuation is to be included after the number, nor is any punctuation to be placed at the end of the caption.•Identify all elements found in the figure in the figure caption; and use boxes, circles, etc., as coordinate points in graphs.•Identify previously published material by giving the original source in the form of a reference citation at the end of the figure caption.Figure Placement and Size•When preparing your figures, size figures to fit in the column width.•For most journals the figures should be 39 mm, 84 mm, 129 mm, or 174 mm wide and not higher than 234 mm.•For books and book-sized journals, the figures should be 80 mm or 122 mm wide and not higher than 198 mm.PermissionsIf you include figures that have already been published elsewhere, you must obtain permission from the copyright owner(s) for both the print and online format. Please be aware that some publishers do not grant electronic rights for free and that Springer will not be able to refund any costs that may have occurred to receive these permissions. In such cases, material from other sources should be used.AccessibilityIn order to give people of all abilities and disabilities access to the content of your figures, please make sure that•All figures have descriptive captions (blind users could then use a text-to-speech software or a text-to-Braille hardware)•Patterns are used instead of or in addition to colors for conveying information (colorblind users would then be able to distinguish the visual elements)•Any figure lettering has a contrast ratio of at least 4.5:1IMAGE MANIPULATIONWith regard to image manipulation it is allowed to technically improve images for readability. •Proper technical manipulation refers to adjusting the contrast and/or brightness or color balance if it is applied to the complete digital image (and not parts of the image).Any technical manipulation by the author should be notified in the cover letter to the JournalEditor upon submission.•Improper technical manipulation refers to obscuring, enhancing, deleting and/or introducing new elements into an image.If the original data cannot be produced by an author when asked to provide it, acceptance of themanuscript may be revoked.Please read PCR’s free Focus paper on•''Images and imagination: the role of figures in plant cell and molecular biology publications” byC. Neal Stewart Jr.ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL•SubmissionSupply all supplementary material in standard file formats.Please include in each file the following information: article title, journal name, author names;affiliation and e-mail address of the corresponding author.To accommodate user downloads, please keep in mind that larger-sized files may requirevery long download times and that some users may experience other problems duringdownloading.•Audio, Video, and AnimationsAlways use MPEG-1 (.mpg) format.•Text and PresentationsPlease note that PDF-files are not allowed for submission.•SpreadsheetsSpreadsheets should be submitted as .xls files (MS Excel).•Specialized FormatsSpecialized format such as .pdb (chemical), .wrl (VRML), .nb (Mathematica notebook),and .tex can also be supplied.•Collecting Multiple FilesIt is possible to collect multiple files in a .zip or .gz file.•NumberingIf supplying any supplementary material, the text must make specific mention of the materialas a citation, similar to that of figures and tables.Refer to the supplementary files as “Online Resource”, e.g., "... as shown in the animation(Online Resource 3)", “... additional data are given in Online Resource 4”.Name the files consecutively, e.g. “ESM_3.mpg”, “ESM_4.pdf”.•CaptionsFor each supplementary material, please supply a concise caption describing the content ofthe file.•Processing of supplementary filesElectronic supplementary material will be published as received from the author without anyconversion, editing, or reformatting.•AccessibilityIn order to give people of all abilities and disabilities access to the content of yoursupplementary files, please make sure thatThe manuscript contains a descriptive caption for each supplementary materialVideo files do not contain anything that flashes more than three times per second (so thatusers prone to seizures caused by such effects are not put at risk)ETHICAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF AUTHORSThis journal is committed to upholding the integrity of the scientific record. As a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) the journal will follow the COPE guidelines on how to deal with potential acts of misconduct.Authors should refrain from misrepresenting research results which could damage the trust in the journal, the professionalism of scientific authorship, and ultimately the entire scientific endeavour. Maintaining integrity of the research and its presentation can be achieved by following the rules of good scientific practice, which include:•The manuscript has not been submitted to more than one journal for simultaneous consideration.•The manuscript has not been published previously (partly or in full), unless the new work concerns an expansion of previous work (please provide transparency on the re-use ofmaterial to avoid the hint of text-recycling (“self-plagiarism”)).• A single study is not split up into several parts to increase the quantity of submissions and submitted to various journals or to one journal over time (e.g. “salami-publishing”).•No data have been fabricated or manipulated (including images) to support your conclusions•No data, text, or theories by others are presented as if they were the author’s own (“plagiarism”). Proper acknowledgements to other works must be given (this includesmaterial that is closely copied (near verbatim), summarized and/or paraphrased), quotationmarks are used for verbatim copying of material, and permissions are secured for materialthat is copyrighted.Important note: the journal may use software to screen for plagiarism.•Consent to submit has been received explicitly from all co-authors, as well as from the responsible authorities - tacitly or explicitly - at the institute/organization where the work hasbeen carried out, before the work is submitted.•Authors whose names appear on the submission have contributed sufficiently to the scientific work and therefore share collective responsibility and accountability for the results.In addition:•Changes of authorship or in the order of authors are not accepted after acceptance of a manuscript.•Requesting to add or delete authors at revision stage, proof stage, or after publication is a serious matter and may be considered when justifiably warranted. Justification for changes inauthorship must be compelling and may be considered only after receipt of written approvalfrom all authors and a convincing, detailed explanation about the role/deletion of thenew/deleted author. In case of changes at revision stage, a letter must accompany the revisedmanuscript. In case of changes after acceptance or publication, the request and documentationmust be sent via the Publisher to the Editor-in-Chief. In all cases, further documentation may berequired to support your request. The decision on accepting the change rests with the Editor-in-Chief of the journal and may be turned down. Therefore authors are strongly advised to ensurethe correct author group, corresponding author, and order of authors at submission.•Upon request authors should be prepared to send relevant documentation or data in order to verify the validity of the results. This could be in the form of raw data, samples, records, etc.If there is a suspicion of misconduct, the journal will carry out an investigation following the COPEguidelines. If, after investigation, the allegation seems to raise valid concerns, the accused author will be contacted and given an opportunity to address the issue. If misconduct has been established beyond reasonable doubt, this may result in the Editor-in-Chief’s implementation of the following measures, including, but not limited to:•If the article is still under consideration, it may be rejected and returned to the author.•If the article has already been published online, depending on the nature and severity of the infraction, either an erratum will be placed with the article or in severe cases complete retractionof the article will occur. The reason must be given in the published erratum or retraction note.•The author’s institution may be informed.COMPLIANCE WITH ETHICAL STANDARDSTo ensure objectivity and transparency in research and to ensure that accepted principles of ethical and professional conduct have been followed, authors should include information regarding sources offunding, potential conflicts of interest (financial or non-financial), informed consent if the researchinvolved human participants, and a statement on welfare of animals if the research involved animals.Authors should include the following statements (if applicable) in a separate section entitled“Compliance with Ethical Standards” before the References when submitting a paper:•Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest•Research involving Human Participants and/or Animals•Informed consentPlease note that standards could vary slightly per journal dependent on their peer review policies (i.e.double blind peer review) as well as per journal subject discipline. Before submitting your article check the Instructions for Authors carefully.The corresponding author should be prepared to collect documentation of compliance with ethicalstandards and send if requested during peer review or after publication.The Editors reserve the right to reject manuscripts that do not comply with the above-mentionedguidelines. The author will be held responsible for false statements or failure to fulfill the above-mentioned guidelines.DISCLOSURE OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTERESTAuthors must disclose all relationships or interests that could have direct or potential influence or impart bias on the work. Although an author may not feel there is any conflict, disclosure of relationships and interests provides a more complete and transparent process, leading to an accurate and objective assessment of the work. Awareness of a real or perceived conflicts of interest is a perspective to which the readers are entitled. This is not meant to imply that a financial relationship with an organization that sponsored the research or compensation received for consultancy work is inappropriate. Examples of potential conflicts of interests that are directly or indirectly related to the research may include but are not limited to the following:•Research grants from funding agencies (please give the research funder and the grant number)•Honoraria for speaking at symposia•Financial support for attending symposia•Financial support for educational programs•Employment or consultation•Support from a project sponsor•Position on advisory board or board of directors or other type of management relationships•Multiple affiliations•Financial relationships, for example equity ownership or investment interest•Intellectual property rights (e.g. patents, copyrights and royalties from such rights)•Holdings of spouse and/or children that may have financial interest in the workIn addition, interests that go beyond financial interests and compensation (non-financial interests) that may be important to readers should be disclosed. These may include but are not limited to personal relationships or competing interests directly or indirectly tied to this research, or professional interests or personal beliefs that may influence your research.The corresponding author collects the conflict of interest disclosure forms from all authors. In author collaborations where formal agreements for representation allow it, it is sufficient for the corresponding author to sign the disclosure form on behalf of all authors. Examples of forms can be found•here:The corresponding author will include a summary statement in the text of the manuscript in a separate section before the reference list, that reflects what is recorded in the potential conflict of interestdisclosure form(s).See below examples of disclosures:Funding: This study was funded by X (grant number X).Conflict of Interest: Author A has received research grants from Company A. Author B has received a speaker honorarium from Company X and owns stock in Company Y. Author C is a member ofcommittee Z.If no conflict exists, the authors should state:Conflict of Interest: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.AFTER ACCEPTANCEUpon acceptance of your article you will receive a link to the special Author Query Application atSpringer’s web page where you can sign the Copyright Transfer Statement online and indicate whether you wish to order OpenChoice, offprints, or printing of figures in color.Once the Author Query Application has been completed, your article will be processed and you will receive the proofs.Open ChoiceIn addition to the normal publication process (whereby an article is submitted to the journal and access to that article is granted to customers who have purchased a subscription), Springer provides analternative publishing option: Springer Open Choice. A Springer Open Choice article receives all the benefits of a regular subscription-based article, but in addition is made available publicly throughSpringer’s online platform SpringerLink.•Springer Open ChoiceCopyright transferAuthors will be asked to transfer copyright of the article to the Publisher (or grant the Publisher exclusive publication and dissemination rights). This will ensure the widest possible protection and dissemination of information under copyright laws.Open Choice articles do not require transfer of copyright as the copyright remains with the author. In opting for open access, the author(s) agree to publish the article under the Creative CommonsAttribution License.OffprintsOffprints can be ordered by the corresponding author.Color illustrationsOnline publication of color illustrations is free of charge. For color in the print version, authors will be expected to make a contribution towards the extra costs.Proof readingThe purpose of the proof is to check for typesetting or conversion errors and the completeness and accuracy of the text, tables and figures. Substantial changes in content, e.g., new results, corrected values, title and authorship, are not allowed without the approval of the Editor.After online publication, further changes can only be made in the form of an Erratum, which will be hyperlinked to the article.Online FirstThe article will be published online after receipt of the corrected proofs. This is the official firstpublication citable with the DOI. After release of the printed version, the paper can also be cited by issue and page numbers.。

materials research innovations投稿须知

Instructions for authorsSee below for details of file requirements:Click here to download an Endnotes style file for this journal.Click here to download a .bst file to format LaTeX bibliographies.Conditions of submissionBy submitting to Materials Research Innovations, authors acknowledge and accept that papers are considered for publication on the basis:1. That the paper presents original work that is not being considered or reviewed by any other publication, and has not been published elsewhere in the same or a similar form.2. That all authors are aware of, and have consented to, the submission to Materials Research Innovations.3. That due regard has been paid to ethical considerations relating to the work reported.4. That th e paper contains, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, no libelous or unlawful statements.Authors will be required to sign a declaration to this effect.CopyrightAuthors will be required, before publication, to transfer copyright of their article to Maney Publishing (this condition may be waived if Crown (or equivalent) copyright is involved and a licence to publish given). Authors are responsible for obtaining permission to reproduce any material or illustrations for which they do not hold the copyright. Under Maney's standard agreement, authors reserve:1. all proprietary rights other than copyright, such as patent rights;2. the rights to use all or part of the article in future works of their own.Under Maney's open access policy, authors will receive a PDF file of the published version of their paper. This PDF may be forwarded to co-authors without separate permission being required from the publisher. The PDF cannot be used for commercial purposes. Materials Research Innovations must be cited as the original source of publication and a link to /content/maney/mri included with any listing. Please note that content will only be available when the first issue from Maney has been published. This PDF may be posted, with appropriate acknowledgement of source and copyright, on authors' individual websites or that of their institution. Authors are entitled to make copies of the article for reasonable personal use only.Submission procedure and file requirementsAll submissions or proposals should be directed to the Editor-in-Chief: Professor Rustum Roy, Materials Research Innovations, 103 Materials Research Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA, fax +1 814-863-7040, email matresinnov@.Submission by email is preferred.The initial submission (in PDF or Word format) must conform to the guidelines laid out below and must include:∙ a complete manuscript of the paper, which must include a paragraph specifically indicating how the literature was searched and, in the light ofthat, what is distinctively ‘innovative’ or new about the contents ∙ a structured extended abstract (1300–1800 words)∙ a bibliography listing the published work of a principal author (the benchmark for scientists in academia is 30 papers; fewer for those inindustry).Incomplete submissions will not be considered.On acceptance of a contribution for publication, authors must provide text files suitable for typesetting and high resolution image files. Page proofs will be emailed to authors in PDF format and should be corrected and returned as quickly as possible.Full paperThe full manuscript must conform to the presentation, formatting and style guidelines laid out below. The guide length is 3500 words, excluding tables and figures, but may be varied with the agreement of the Editor. There is no restriction in the use of colour in illustrations.Formatting and style guidelinesFormatting of manuscriptIn preparing the manuscript as a Word or rtf file, there is no need to format the article to a specific template, but please include italic or bold type where necessary.Use hard returns at the end of paragraphs only; switch auto hyphenation off; and do not justify text.Consistency in spacing, punctuation, and spelling is essential. The journal uses UK and 'ise' spellings, e.g. 'characterise' rather than 'characterize'.Tables should be included within the manuscript file, not provided as separate files. Use Word Table mode, not tabs or spaces between columns. Do not provide tables as image files.Equations should be produced using Word Equation Editor.Structure of submissionThe submitted manuscript must contain:∙ a title page giving full contact details for all authors. Pages should be numbered consecutively with the title page as page 1∙an abstract of no more than 150 words, giving a concise summary of the aims, content, and conclusions∙up to 10 keywords to be used for indexing purposes∙list of symbols (if appropriate)∙text: section and subsection headings should be clearly differentiated, using a structured numbering system if necessary (note that this numbering is to guide typesetting and will not appear in the printed version): typically a paper will include, as a minimum, an Introduction (including Relation toprevious work); Experimental methods and materials; Results anddiscussion; and Conclusions∙appendices (if any)∙acknowledgements (if any)∙references (see below)∙ a list of figure captions. Each figure should have a caption that is intelligible without reference to the text; discussion of figures should appear in the text of the paper, not the caption. Where appropriate, scales or magnificationsmust be provided∙tables∙figures.Following acceptance for publicationOn acceptance, authors must supply an electronic version of the final text in Word or a compatible word processor format, to the specification below (together with high resolution digital image files, as described below). Failure to conform to these requirements may delay typesetting and publication of the paper.Style guidelinesUse of SI units is mandatory. Journal style is to use the form S m-1 , A m-2 , Wm-1 K-1 , not S/m, A/m2 , W/m.K.The full form of any abbreviation or acronym should be given in the text when the term is first used. Do not use full points within abbreviations (e.g. SEM, XRD).Be careful not to use the same symbol to represent more than one variable. Ensure that Greek symbols are clear and that similar characters, e.g. the letter 'el' and the number'one' and the letter 'oh' and the number 'zero', are clearly distinguished and used consistently. A list of symbols should be provided if helpful to the reader.Figures should be cited in a single sequence throughout the text as 'Fig.1', 'Fig.2', …Equations and tables should also be numbered in sequence and referred to in the text as, for example, 'equation (1)' and 'Table 1' respectively.Important note on equations in Word 2007: equations generated in Word 2007 cannot be used for typesetting because they are stored as images (unlike in previous versions of Word). Papers that include equations must be prepared in Word 2007 compatibility mode(as described below) or in an earlier version of Word, or using the MathType package to set the equations.Compatibility mode must be used from the outset to typeset equations; it is not possible to convert equations retrospectively. To use compatibility mode: (1) Using a new document, turn on compatibility mode by saving as a Word 97-2003 document (use the Office button in the top left corner, select Save As, then choose ‘Word 97-2003 document’ from the dropdown menu when naming the document). (2) It should be possible to paste text (but not equations) into the document without loss of formatting, although some Word 2007 features are not available in compatibility mode. (3) To insert an equation, clickInsert/Object/Microsoft Equation 3.0 to access the equation editor. The editor can be used for both displayed and inline equations, though for single symbols Insert/Symbol may be used. Inline equations must be on one line only. (4) Continue to save the document as a Word 97-2003 document (this should happen automatically once step 1 has been completed).Reference and notes should be numbered serially in a single sequence. Citations in the text should be as superior characters, thus,1,2,4-6 outside any punctuationmarks.References cited for the first time in a table or figure caption should be numbered as if they appeared in the text where the table or figure is first mentioned. References should be set out in a complete list at the end of the paper, numbered according to their appearance in the text, not positioned as footnotes.All references given must be complete, including all authors where known, and should be verified at source.Journal abbreviations in references follow the ISO system, e.g.G. Gogotsi: Mater. Res. Innov., 2006, 10, (2), 179–186.D. Zhong, B. Mishra, J. J. Moore and A. Madan: Surf. Eng., 2004, 20, 196–204.R. Sinclair, M. Preuss and P. J. Withers: Mater. Sci. Technol., 2005, 21, 27–34.M. M. Stack: Int. Mater. Rev., 2005, 50, 1–18.If the abbreviation is not known, the journal title should be given in full. Where pagination is not consecutive through the volume, it is essential to give the month or part number.Book references should give full bibliographic details, e.g.H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia: 'Bainite in steels', 2nd edn, 240; 2001, London, IoM Communications.J. V. Wood: in 'Future developments of metals and ceramics', (ed. J. A. Charles et al.), Vol.1, 235–239; 1992, London, The Institute of Materials.Standard texts should not be cited in their entirety: indicate the appropriate page or section.Conference references must include the date, location, and organiser or publisher of the meeting, e.g.M. H. Loretto: Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. on 'Research and development in net shape manufacturing', Birmingham, UK, March 1999, University of Birmingham, Paper 23.Reports, theses, etc. should be presented in the form:R. D. Niel: 'Interfacial structures in intermetallic/steel joints after high temperature service', Report 1131, AVS plc, Huntingdon, UK, 2000.IllustrationsAuthors must provide high resolution digital files of all figures to the specification laid out below. Where applicable, separate versions of the figures are required for the full paper and extended abstract.Policy on colourBarring the exceptions below, all illustrations must be suitable for reproduction in black and white. Limited use of colour in the printed journal may be possible at the Editors’ discretion: otherwise colour is available in print only if the author is prepared to pay the additional cost of colour reproduction.Colour illustrations will carried free in the online version of the journal, where this enhances the information being presented, provided the figures involved are supplied in the correct electronic format (see below). For these figures, two separate files must be supplied, optimised for black and white and colour reproduction respectively.Conversion of colour figures for greyscale reproductionGraphs with coloured lines and keys, contour maps, model outputs, etc. will not reproduce adequately if converted direct to greyscale. In particular, red and blue convert to similar grey levels and will not be distinguishable. Suitable labelling or reformatting must be used to ensure clarity.Colour photographs will in general convert to greyscale satisfactorily but optimisation for greyscale reproduction may improve the final result.Figure size and legibility∙Check that all labels are correct and free of spelling or numerical errors.∙In general, figures will be reproduced to single column width (80mm) or page width (168mm).∙Crop any unwanted white space from around the figure before sizing.∙Authors must ensure that the labelling on figures will be legible when reduced to final size. Lettering should be approximately 8pt in size(equivalent to 2mm in height for capital letters) at final width (i.e. figures that are wider before reproduction generally require larger type sizes). Keysmust be legible when the figure is reduced to final size.∙Ensure that curves on multiple plots are clear, in particular that any symbols used on graphs can be distinguished following reduction. Labelling ofindividual curves may be preferable to keys in these circumstances.Axis labels should be of the form:∙Stress, MPa∙Velocity (v), m s-1∙log(l, nm)Image file formats and resolutionEach figure must be supplied in digital form as a separate, clearly named file.Acceptable file formats are TIFF, JPEG and EPS. If supplying EPS files, ensure that all fonts are attached. Figures embedded in Word documents are not generally suitable for reproduction.Photographic images should be saved at a resolution of at least 300 dpi at final size(dpi=dots or pixels per inch; 300dpi=120 dots/cm).Graphs and line drawings should be saved at a resolution of at least 600 dpi (240 dots/cm) at final size. Do not save at the default resolution (72dpi).∙Line drawings or diagrams should be scanned as line art or produced to the appropriate resolution using a standard package such as PhotoShop.∙Monochrome photographs, diagrams with shaded or toned areas, or line/tone figures should be submitted as greyscale images.∙Colour figures should be provided in CMYK format.Following acceptanceFollowing typesetting, you will receive by email PDF proofs for checking together with a copyright transfer form. It is imperative that authors check proofs carefully, particularly numerical data and equations. All corrections should be returned together within three days of receipt, by email, fax or first class post/airmail. Corrections should be kept to a minimum and authors may be asked to bear the cost of excessive changes, other than typesetting errors.Authors will receive a PDF file of the final version of the paper on publication and will be sent details on how to order hard copy reprints with their proofs.Further informationFor further information or clarification contact matresinnov@.Author resources – submitting a paperManey journals welcome original contributions that match the aims and scope of each specific journal on the understanding that the paper has not previously been published, and is not being concurrently submitted for publication elsewhere, and that all authors are aware of and have agreed to the submission. All papers will be sent to independent referees. It is a condition of publication that on acceptance of the paper by the journal editor that copyright must be assigned to the society or professional organisation for which Maney publishes the journal. Authors may reuse their own material after publication for non-commercial purposes, and put a post-print of the article on their own website. Further details are given in the copyright assignment form that authors receive with their article proofs, in individual Journal’s Instructions for Authors and in the author resources area of the Maney website.Authors receive a screen-resolution PDF file of the published version of their paper that they may circulate to colleagues, but may not use for commercial purposes or placein their own personal, institutional or subject specific repository. However, the pre- and post-print versions of an article may be posted in repositories, subject to full acknowledgement of the journal. Orders for digital offprints may be made at the time proofs are distributed. Please visit the Copyright and Permissions page in the Author area of the Maney Publishing website here for full details, including exceptions to this policy. More information will also be included in the Copyright Assignment Form distributed to authors with their proofs. A template of this form can be downloaded from the author copyright and permissions area.Author imagesIf it is the case that an author does not wish to assign the copyright of their own images in the manuscript to the journal copyright holder along with the rest of the article, this can be accommodated. Please click here for full information.Using copyrighted materialAuthors who wish to reproduce material from previously published sources or where copyright is owned by a third party, such as sections of text or images, must obtain written permission from the copyright holder and any other interested party. Authors should obtain permission to use items within the context of the article (a) in all geographical regions of the world, (b) in all formats including electronic, (c) in perpetuity. A letter template that authors can use to seek such permissions is obtainable by clicking here [link to the author permission letter template]. The author should fill in the details of the article and the journal that the article is submitted to and obtain a signature to the letter. Many copyright owners prefer to provide their own letter of permission and this is acceptable aslong as the three stipulations of geography, format and perpetuity of reuse are included there.Before submitting your paper, please be sure to read the Aims and Scope of the journal. These outline the subject area coverage and type of material included. These are detailed in the introductions on each journal's homepage (select the homepage of the journal you wish to submit to by clicking here. If you are in doubt as to whether the subject of your paper is appropriate, please contact the Editor directly to discuss the outline of your paper for further information. The Instructions for Authors for each journal also provide details of the type of papers accepted, and whether, for example, reviews or longer papers are encouraged.Submitting a paper to a Maney published journal is straightforward. Below is some advice about things to be aware of before you submit a paper and that will make the process easier for you.For all journals please be sure to review the Instructions for Authors carefully since each journal will have slightly different procedures and styles vary according to subject matter. Final texts should be submitted in a standard file format (e.g. Microsoft Word). If the journal th at you wish to submit to uses Editorial Manager™ (see below) specific instructions are provided at the journal’s Editorial Manager™ site. In preparing the electronic version, there is no need to format articles. Please use plain style and avoid elaborate layout or typography, but include italics or bold type when necessary, and make sure that headings and subheadings are clearly visible as such. Photographs, maps, and other supporting material are encouraged. Authors should provide an abstract to accompany their article and a set of key words.For MORE OpenChoice participating journals authors may opt to publish their work as an open access paper. Full details are provided on how to do so and the article charges that apply. Please note that MORE OpenChoice is only offered after a paper has been peer reviewed and accepted for publication. If requesting permission to include copyrighted material in a MORE OpenChoice paper, it is the Author’s responsibility to inform copyright holders that on publication, the Work will be placed in the public domain.AbstractsThe abstract is an important part of the article and will be used in databases, searched by Google and other search engines, and freely available on the website. Abstract should be succinct but sufficiently comprehensive to provide a comprehensible summary of the paper. The required length for abstracts varies according to the journal so please check the Notes for Contributors of the journal you are submitting to carefully to ascertain the correct information. Medical journals, and some Materials Science journals require structured abstracts.Key wordsKey words are also important as they facilitate searching and accurate identification. The more accurate the choice of key words, the more likely the article will be found, read and referenced.Tables and illustrationsTables and illustrations should be submitted on separate pages and numbered sequentially using arabic numerals for figures. Each must have a caption and source. Within the text, figures and tables should be referred to by number (e.g. Figure 1; Table 1), and preferred position and groupings in the text should be clearly indicated. The author will be required to provide images in CMYK format as TIFF or EPS files at high resolution suitable for printing. As a guideline, images should be submitted at a minimum input scanning resolution of 300 dpi for full colour, 350–400 dpi for half tones, 600 dpi for slides or transparencies, 800 dpi for simple line and 1200 dpi for fine line illustrations. Please note that the final reproduction quality is dependent on the quality of the original illustration. The author must obtain written evidence of permission to reproduce images (in all formats, in perpetuity and in all geographical regions worldwide) from the copyright owner for the use of any illustrative matter in the journal and will be liable for any fee charged by the owner of the image. The caption should include relevant credit of the permission of the copyright holder to reproduce the image. For more informationplease click here.Supplementary materialSupplementary material gives authors the opportunity to enhance their work by including material that cannot be included in an article for reasons of space, is of very specific interest, or is not compatible with the standard journal format (e.g. audio or video files, animations, software, models, or large datasets). Supplementary material is intended to support arguments advanced in the article; it should not refer to other work nor contain discussion or conclusions that go beyond the content of the article. The inclusion of supplementary material is at the discretion of the Editor whose decision on its relevance and appropriateness, guided where necessary by referees’ comments, is final.Supplementary material will be published online and hyperlinked from the article. It is considered to form an integral part of the article and will be subject to peer review and to the same ethical standards, warranties and conditions of submission. Authors will be required to sign a copyright transfer form and provide the same warranties in respect of supplementary material as for the article itself. If copyright cannot be assigned, an appropriate licence to publish must be given. Where the authors do not hold copyright, permission to reproduce material (online, in all regions, and for the full term of copyright) from other sources must be obtained from the copyright holder.To assure continuity of access and effective archiving, supplementary files will be published on Maney’s online platform (ingentaconnect or Highwire). It is also permitted to link to supplementary material deposited in an open access database such as GEO or CIFor in a widely recognised subject based repository, but not to files held on personal or other websites. Consult the editor if in doubt whether a depository or database is acceptable for this purpose. The instructions for authors of individual journals may also provide further information on the submission of supplementary material.Preparation of articles including supplementary materialWhenever possible, include supplementary material on initial submission of the article since peer review at a later stage may delay progress. For journals with an online peer review system supplementary files are uploaded in the same way as the manuscript and figures (see further information below). In preparing an article, authors must:•ensure each supplementary file is referred to at the appropriate point in the text of the manuscript, using the style: (Supplementary Material 1), (Supplementary Material 2), ... •supply a separate document giving the title and a brief description of each supplementary file (including the file format), plus detailed captions for non-text files (figures, video, audio, software, datasets, ...)•where possible, combine supplementary text and tables into a single file. (Tables containing large amounts of data or better presented in another format, e.g. as spreadsheets, should be supplied separately.) Where appropriate, this file may also include figure captions and figures, with links to high resolution versions where applicable •distinguish supplementary tables, figures and references from those in the main article using the numbering system S1, S2, S3, ...Supplementary files will not be edited following acceptance and will usually appear as supplied, without being typeset. It is the responsibility of the authors to ensure the content is correct, self-contained and consistent with the article itself and with journal style. CrossRef reference linking may not be active in all file formats; the use of additional references in the supplementary files should therefore be kept to a minimum. Supplementary files will be designated unique digital object identifiers (DOIs) derived from the DOI of the main article.Acceptable file formats for supplementary material are:• text files: Word, RTF, PDF, SGML, txt• tables: Word, RTF, Excel, PDF• figures: tiff, jpeg, eps, bmp, gif• presentations: PowerPoint, PDF• audio/video files: MPEG, wfv• data and software files running on recognised and widely available programs or compilers.Use compressed formats for image and audio/video files where this can be done without compromising quality.Copyright, permissions and ethics for supplementary materialAuthors will be asked to assign the copyright of supplementary material to the journal as an integral part of the article. If it is not possible to assign copyright, a licence to publishmust be provided. Authors are responsible for obtaining permission to reproduce any material for which they do not hold the copyright. Authors will be required to warrant that, to the best of their knowledge, any supplementary material is original, that any prior publication is acknowledged, and that it contains nothing of a libellous nature.Su pplementary material must also conform to the journal’s policy on ethical treatment of human subjects and animals and of patients’ rights to privacy. Further information is available elsewhere on Maney’s copyright and ethical policies.Supplementary material on Editorial Manager™When submitting supplementary material to journals that use the Editorial Manager online submission and peer review system, you will be asked to classify each item as follows: • list and description of supplementary files [mandatory when a paper includes supplementary material]• supplementary text and/or tables• supplementary figure• supplementary audio/video file or animation• supplementary presentation, dataset, model or other file.As many files as necessary may be uploaded in each category. Choose the correct category for each supplementary file from the dropdown menu when uploading files. The list and description of supplementary material will be included within the PDF file accessed by the editor or referee. All other supplementary files will be hyperlinked from the PDF file. The maximum file size for uploads is 30MB.Referees’ duties concerning confidentialityReferees and editors are required to treat articles and supplementary material submitted to a journal as confidential until an article has been accepted for publication. Other than for the purpose of assessing the article’s suitability for publication, no use may be made of any information received without the authors’ express written permission.General informationSome journals use the Editorial Manager™ Online Submission System and others stipulate that submissions should be emailed to the Editor directly. The Instructions for Authors for each journal contain specific details about what kind of system is used and who should be contacted in each case.A Checklist for Authors has been put together by Maney’s Production Department and can be located in the Production area of the website, along with other useful information,by clicking here.Editorial Manager™ is the Online Submission and refereeing system that has been adopted by Maney. Authors may submit papers via the web, and can access the system at any time to check the status of their papers, avoiding the need to contact the Editor. Authors can edit their submissions and submit supplementary materials, such as video, audio, supplementary figures/tables. Reviewers can download assigned papers and。

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering (FESE) Instructions for Authors

Frontiers of Environme ntal Science & Engineerin gINSTRUCTIONS FOR AUTHORSGeneral IntroductionFrontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering (FESE) is an authoritative source of information for professionals in a wide range of environmental science and engineering, supervi s ed by the Ministry of E ducation of China, administered by Higher E ducation P ress of China and Tsinghua University, and jointly published by Higher E ducation P ress of China and Springer on a quarterly basis in E nglish. The journal is published both in print and online. Online versions are available both at and . FE SE has no page charges.Types of PapersThe follow ing types of papers can be submitted to the journal:(a) A RE SE ARCH FULL P APER is a contribution describing original research, including theoretical exposition, extensive data and in-depth critical evaluation, and is peer reviewed. The total length of a manuscript including figures, tables and references must not exceed 8000 words (40 pages).(b) RE VIE W P APERS are encouraged for giving an in-depth overview of certain topic or a review of one‟s own work or one laboratory or a group of researchers. The format and length of review papers are more flexible than for a full paper. Review papers are peer reviewed.(c) FE ATURE P A PE RS presents objective reports and anal y ses of the major advances, trends, and challenges in environmental science, technology, engineering and policy for di v erse professional s. Feature papers are in principle invited and peer reviewed, but contributors are encouraged to recommend themselves by sending an initial query letter or email to the Managing E ditor that describes the scope and significance of the topic and includes a summary or outline of the proposed arti c le and brief introduction about contributor.(d) SHORT COMMUNICATION is for a conci s e, but independent report representing a significant contribution to environmental science and engineering, not intended to publish preliminary results, only if these results are of exceptional interest and are parti c ularly topi c al and relevant will be considered for publication. It should be no more than 2500 words, and could include t w o figures or tables. It should have at least 8 references. Short communications are also needed to give a peer review.Ethics in Publishing (Duties of Authors)a. Reporting standardsAuthors of reports of original research should present an accurate account of the work performed as w ell as an objective discussion of its signi f icance. Underlying data should be represented accuratel y in the paper. A paper should contain sufficient detail and references to permit others to replicate the work. Fraudulent or knowingly inaccurate statements constitute unethical behavior and are unacceptable.b. Data access and retentionAuthors may be asked to provide the ra w data in connection with a paper for editorial review, and should be prepared to provide public access to such data, i f practicable, and should in any event be prepared to retain such data for a reasonable time after publication.c. Originality and plagiarismThe authors should ensure that they have written entirely original works, and i f the authors have used the work and/or words of others that these have been appropriately cited or quoted.P lagiarism takes many forms, from …passing off‟ another‟s paper as the author‟s own paper, to copying or paraphrasing substantial parts of anot her‟s paper (w ithout attribution), to claiming results from research conducted by others. P lagiarism in all its forms constitutes unethical publishing behavior and is unacceptable.d. Concurrent publicationAn author should not in general publish manuscripts describing essentially the same research in more than one journal or primary publication. Submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal concurrentl y constitutes unethical publishing behaviour and i s unacceptable.In general, an author should not submit for consideration in another journal a previously published paper. P ublication of some kinds of papers (eg, clinical guidelines, translations) in more than one journal is sometimes justifiable, provided certain conditions are met. The authors and editors of the journals concerned must agree to the secondary publication, whi c h must reflect the same data and interpretation of the primary document. The primary reference must be cited in the secondary publication.Manuscripts submitted to this journal must not be under simultaneous consideration by any other publisher and should not have been published else where in substantially similar form. No part of a paper whi c h has been published by Frontiers of E nvironmental Science & E ngineering in China may be reproduced or published elsewhere w ithout the written permission of the publisher.e. A cknowledgement of sourcesP roper acknowledgement of the work of others must al w ays be given. Authors should cite publications that have been influential deeply in the reported works. Information obtained privately, as in conversation, correspondence, or discussion with third parties, must not be used or reported w ithout explicit, written permission from the source. Information obtained in the course of confidential servi c es, such as refereeing manuscripts or grant applications, must not be used w ithout the explicit written permission of the author of the work involved in these servi c es.f. A uthorship of the paperAuthorship should be limited to those w ho have made a significant contribution to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the reported study. All those who have made signi f icant contributions should be listed as co-authors. Where there are others who have participated in certain substanti v e aspects of the research project, they should be acknow l e dged or listed as contributors.The corresponding author should ensure that all appropriate co-authors and no inappropriate co-authors are included on the paper, and that all co-authors have seen and approved the final version of the paper and have agreed to its submission for publication.g. Hazards and human or animal subjectsThe authors must clearly identify these in the manuscript, if their w ork involves chemicals, procedures or equipment that have any unusual hazards inherent in their use, or involves the use of animal or human subjects. The manuscripts must contain a statement that all procedures were performed in compliance w ith relevant laws and institutional guidelines and that the appropriate institutional committee(s) has approved them.h. Fundamental errors in published worksWhen a author finds out a signi f icant error or inaccuracy in his/her own published work, it is the author‟s obligation to promptly notify the journal editor or publisher and cooperate w ith the editor to retract or correct the paper. If the editor or the publisher gets notice from a third party that a published work contains a significant error, it i s the obligation of the author to promptly retract or correct the paper or provide evidence to the editor of the correctness of the original paper.Conflicts of InterestA conflict of interest may exist when an author or the author's institution has a financial or other relationship with other people or organi zations that may inappropriately influence the author‟s work. A conflict can be actual or potential and full disclosure to the Journal is the safest course. All submissions to the Journal must include disclosure of all relationships that could be viewed as presenting a potential conflict of interest. The Journal may use such information as a basis for editorial decisions and may publish such disclosures i f they are believed to be important to readers in judging the manuscript. A decision may be made by the Journal not to publish on the basis of the declared conflict.Copyright TransferCopyright of papers published in FE SE is transferred to the Higher E ducation P ress of China by the author(s). The copyright transfer form must be submitted when the manuscript is accepted. Authors are encouraged to submit the copyright together with submitting the manuscript.Authors are asked to return by email or fax the signed statement of copyright transfer to the E ditorial Office of Frontiers of E nvironmental Science & E ngineering in China.Preparation of Electronic Versions & SubmissionSubmission to this journal proceeds totally online (/fese).The website guides authors stepwise through the creation and uploading of the various files. Note that original source files, not P DF files, are required. Once the submission files are uploaded, the system automatically generates an electronic (P DF) proof, which is then used for reviewing. All correspondence, including the editor's decision and request for revisions, will be sent by e-mail. After review ing process, the manuscript will be finally judged by one of the responsible editors who have the right to accept or reject a paper.Submission Requirements:a. Cover letterA covering letter must accompany each submission indicating the name, address, and telephone number of the author to whom all correspondence is to be addressed. An affiliation must be supplied for each author. Authors are also asked to provide the names and contact information for four potential reviewers (at least three overseas reviewers should be recommended for contributors from China) in their cover letter. However, the journal is not obliged to use the suggested reviewers. Final selection of reviewers will be determined by the editors.b. Manuscript for research full paperManuscripts should be in a Word or LaTeX format. The follow ing components are required for a complete manuscript: Title, Author(s), Author affiliation(s), Abstract, Key words, Nomenclature (when needed), Main text, References, Acknow ledgements, Appendices, Figure captions, Tables. Include page numbers on the document, beginning w ith the title page as number 1. It w ill be preferred if line numbers are included as well.P lease use standard 12-point Times New Roman fonts and double spaces.Article structureIntroductionState the objectives of the work and provide an adequate background, avoiding a detailed literature survey or a summary of the results.Material and methodsP rovide sufficient detail to allow the work to be reproduced. Methods already published should be indicated by a reference: only relevant modifications should be described.ResultsResults should be clear and concise.Show only those experimental results that are relevant to your objectives and conclusions and whi c h you want to discuss.DiscussionThis should explore the signifi c ance of the results of the work, not repeat them. It should integrate your findings in a comprehensi v e picture and place them in the context of the exi s ting literature. A combined Results and Discussion section can be appropriate. Avoid extensive citations and discussion of published literature.Essential title page informationTitleThe title of the paper should be explicit, descriptive and as brief as possible – no more than 20 words in length. Avoid abbreviations and formulae where possible.Running titleA short version of the paper title (up to 80 characters including space).A uthor names and affiliationsWhere t he family name may be ambiguous (e.g., a double name), please indicat e this clearly. Present the authors' affiliation addresses (where the actual work was done) below the names. Indicate all affiliations with a lower-case superscript letter immediately aft er the author's name and in front of the appropriate address. Provide the full post al address of each affiliation, including the country name, and, if available, the e-mail address of each author.Corresponding authorClearly indicate who will handle correspondence at all stages of refereeing and publication, also post-publication. The telephone and fax numbers (with country and area code) in addition to the e-mail address and the complete postal address of the corresponding author should be given.AbstractA concise and factual abstract of up to 250 words is required. The abstract should state briefly the purpose of the research, the principal results and major message. An abstract is often presented separatel y from the arti c le, so it must be able to stand alone. For this reason, References should be avoided, but if essential, they must be cited in full, without reference to the reference list. Also, abbreviations should be avoided, but if essential they must be defined at their first mention in the abstract itself.KeywordsImmediat ely after the abstract, provide a maximum of 6 keywords separated by commas, avoid general and plural terms and multiple concepts (avoid, for example, "and", "of"). Be sparing with abbreviations: only abbreviations firmly established in the field may be eligible. These keywords will be used for indexing purposes. Use keywords that make your paper easy det ectable for interest ed readers in lit erature databases. Repeating terms in the title is usually not needed.Headings and subheadingsHeadings and subheadings should be used throughout the text to di v ide the subject matter into its important, logical parts. Typical headings include: Introduction, Materials and methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusions, Acknow ledgments, Appendixes and References.TablesTable requirements: Authors should take notice of the limitations set by the size and layout of the journal. Large tables should be avoided. Reversing columns and rows will often reduce the dimensions of a table. If many data are to be presented, an attempt should be made to divide them over t w o or more tables.(1) Suppl y units of measure at the heads of the columns. Abbreviations that are used only in a table should be definedin the footnotes to that table.(2) Should al w ays use ro ws and columns to correlate two variables. Submitted single-spaced and in the word processing soft w are used. Do not embed tables as graphic files, document objects, or pictures.(3) Submitted as three-line tables, that is, there are three hori z ontal lines: one under the legend, one under the column heads, and one below the body. Vertical lines are generally not used.(4) Label each table at the top w ith a Roman numeral follow ed by the table title. Insert explanatory material and footnotes below the table. Designate footnotes using low ercase superscript letters (a, b, c) reading horizontally across the table.(5) Unless needed, all the words within the tables should be in lowercases.(6) Must be sequentially numbered and called out in the text as, e.g. Table 1.(7) E ach table should be typewritten on a separate page of the manuscript. Tables should never be included in the text.FiguresGraphs should be practi c ally sel f-explanatory. Readers should be able to understand them at a glance. Dimensional draw ings and diagrams should include only the essential details and as little lettering as possible. They should present more of a pi c ture than a working dra w ing.Figure requirements:(1) Size: should be drawn in the size of they virtually appear.(2) Numbering and t itle: number all figures (graphs, charts, photographs, and illustrations) in the order of their citation in the text and cited as, e.g. Fig. 1. Include a title for each figure (a brief phrase, preferably no longer than 10to 15 words). Use (a), (b), (c)… to give titles for subfigures i f there are any.(3) Figure quality: should be sharp, noise-free, and of good contrast. All lettering should be large enough to permit legible reduction.(4) Color of figures: unless necessary, better drawn in black and w hite for line-drawing; and grayscalefor images. For color reproduction in print, you w ill recei v e information regarding the costs from HigherE ducation P ress of China and Springer after receipt of your accepted article. P lease indicate yourpreference for color in print or on the Web only.(5) Figure file formats and location in manuscript: should not be embedded in w ord or LaTeX processing documents but rather submitted in Origin, E xcel, TIFF, EP S or CorelDraw file formats. Legends should appear, separate from the figures themsel v es, w here the figures should be located within the paper.(6) Maps: please use the authorized maps as the basis for map figure drawing. (Like maps published by China Map P ress the like). Any maps dra wn without the authorized basis have to be submitted w ith the certi f icate from the Surveying and Mapping management. All the maps should follow the publishing requi r ements released by the Government.Unless needed, all the w ords within the figures should be in low ercases.Formulae and equations(1) Formulae should be typewritten whenever possible.(2) It is extremely important that all mathematical symbols and letters used are identified and listed and that the required style of appearance of such symbols is clearl y indicated, e.g., bold face, italics, script, outline, etc.(3) Subscripts and superscripts should be set off clearly.(4) Identify in the margin any symbols that might be confused with similar symbols.(5) The words E quation or E quations should appear in full at the beginning of sentences but be abbreviated to E q. orE qs. elsew here.(6) A nomenclature can be included (with the use of = signs) after the abstract if there is a signifi c ant number ofsymbols in the paper.(7) E quations should be located separatel y from other lines i f they are long or complicated.A bbreviationsDo not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text. E xpand all abbreviations at first mention in the text.FootnotesFootnotes should only be used if absolutely essential. In most cases it w ill be possible to incorporate the information in normal text.If used, they should be numbered in the text, indicated by superscript numbers, and kept as short as possible.Units of measureLaboratory values are expressed using conventional units of measure, with relevant Système International (SI) conversion factors expressed secondarily (in parentheses) only at first mention. In tables and figures, a conversion factor to SI should be presented in the footnote or legend. The metric system is preferred for the expression of length, area, mass, and volume. For more details, see the Units of Measure conversion table (absent)A cknowledgementsThe “Acknowledg e ment section” is the general term for the list of contributions, credits, and other information included at the end of the text of a manuscript but before the references. Conflicts of interest and financial disclosures must be listed in this section. Authors should obtain w ritten permission to include the names of individuals in the Acknow ledgment sectionA ppendixes (if needed)Appendix AA1, A2, A3…Appendix BAppendix C…The template of FESE is also available on website; kindly advice to check it for getting clearer.c. Manuscript for review papersReviews give a general overview of a particular field, providing the reader with an appreciation of the importance of the work, historical context, a summary of recent developments, and a starting point in the specialist literature. Manuscripts should be divided into appropriate sections, w ith an extensive list of references. In addition to undergoing the same rigorous level of technical peer-review as Research papers, Review papers will be critiqued based on the general impact of the field being reviewed, the relevance of the field to experimental mechanics, preexi s ting reviews of the field, and acknowledgement of the contributing author as a dominant figure in the field. Therefore, it i s strongl y recommended that authors interested in submitting a Review article correspond with the E ditor prior to submission. General formatting text, illustrations, and references are the same as outlined for researchpapers.d. Citations and ReferencesIn-text citations must agree w ith the references in either numbering or order. The references should be presented completely and w ithout mistakes, and should be the original publication. References cited in the text should be numbered consecutively by Arabi c numerals. In the reference section, references should be listed in the same order as cited in the text. Grouped citations should be separated by comma (tw o or inconsecutive references) or connected by “―” (no less than three and consecutive references): e.g., [1, 2], [1―5], or [1―3, 5]. Journal names should be spelled out in full.There should be at least fifteen references. Here are some referred orders as follows:1.Huang X F, C hi J P, He S L, Li X D, Yang D H, Zhou Q. Treatment of d omestic wastewater with high-rate algal pond in ru ral areas. C hina Water and Wastewater, 2006, 22(5): 35―39 (in Chinese) (for journals papers)2.Martínez M E, Sánchez S, Jiménez J M, Yousfi F El, Muñoz L. Nitrogen and phosphorus removal from urban wastewater b y the microalga Scenedesu mus obliquus. Bioresource Technology, 2000, 73: 263―272 (for journals papers)3.Gao C M, Li X F. Handbook for Land Application System of Mu nicipal Wastewater. Beijing: C hina Standard Press, 1991 (in C hinese) (for monographs)4.Ray D. Natural Systems for Water Pollu tion Control. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1982 (for monographs)5.Schlessinger D, Schaechter M. Bacterial toxins. In: Schaechter M, Medoff G, Eisenstein BI, editors. Mechanisms of microbial disease. 2nd ed. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1993, 162―175 (for a chapter in a b ook)6.Liu C X. Study on the measures for improving constructed wetlands’ performance in treating domestic wastewater. Dissertation for the Doctoral Deg ree. Beijing: Tsinghua University, 2003 (in C hinese) (for dissertations)7.Cui F Y, Ren G. Pilot study of process of bathing wastewater treatment for reuse. In: Proceedings of the International Water Association C onference 2005, Xi’an. Beijing: C hina Architecture & Building Press, 2005, 87―92 (for proceedings)8.Polito V S. Calmodulin and calmodulin inhibitors: Effect on pollen germination and tube growth. In: Mulvshy D L, Ottaviaro E, eds. Pollen: Biology and Implication for Plant Breeding. New York: Elsevier, 1983, 53―60 (for symposiu m)The digital object identifier (DOI) may be used to cite and link to electronic documents. Consisting of a unique alpha-numeric character string whi c h is assigned to a document by the publisher upon the initial electroni c publication, DOI is an ideal medium for citing a document, particularl y "P apers in press" because they have not yet recei v ed their full bibliographic information. The correct format for citing a DOI is shown as follows (example taken from a document in the Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation): doi:10.1016/sns.2007.05.034e. NotificationThe corresponding author will be notified by the editors of the acceptance of article and invited to supply an electronic version of the accepted text, i f this is not already available.f. RefereesAuthors are required to submit, w ith the manuscript, the names and addresses of 4 potential referees that can givean independent review.Proofreading and productionP roofs will be sent to the author and should be returned within 72 hours of receipt. Authors should clari f y any questions of the proof in a query file. No new materials shall be inserted at the time of proofreading. P lease note that authors are urged to check their proofs carefully before return one all-inclusive e-mail or fax, since subsequent additional corrections will not be possible.Author EnquiriesAccording to managing editors‟ demands, for submission inquiries, tracking papers and any information, please feel free to contact the E ditorial Office of Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in Tsinghua University, or the Academic Journal P ublishing Division, Higher E ducation P ress.All correspondence for the journal should be sent to the following address. P lease include the manuscript di s patch number in all correspondences.E ditorial Offi c e of Frontiers of Environmental Science & EngineeringRoom 306, Department of E nvironmental Science and E ngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing, 100084, P. R. ChinaTel & Fax: 86-10-62797693E-mail: FE SE@Academic Journal P ublishing Division Higher E ducation P ressFloor 15, Fusheng Building, No. 4, Huixindongjie Str., Chaoyang Dist.Beijing 100029, P. R. ChinaTel & Fax: 86-10-58556296E-mail: zhujj@。

BMC要求

Submission checklistThank you for deciding to submit your paper to BMC Medical Genomics.Please make sure you have satisfied the points on the following checklist before submitting your manuscript. If you have any questions about the submission process, pleasecontact info@. If you are submitting a manuscript to a particular Special Issue, please refer to its specific name in your covering letter.1. Email addressesDo you have a list of the email addresses for all the co-authors of the manuscript? You will need to provide these so that we can inform the co-authors when the manuscript has been received and when it is published.2. Instructions for Authors and peer review policyHave you read the detailed Instructions for Authors for BMC Medical Genomics? You may also like toread BMC Medical Genomics's peer review policy.3. 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Endoscopy投稿要求

Comprehen-
perimental
sive survey of
study
a topic
Length
4 – 7 printed
5 – 10 printed
Including figures*, but not
pages (2,800 –
pages (3,500 –
Reference list
5,600 words)
General policy
Only papers of the highest scientific relevance that meet generally recognized linguistic standards will be accepted. The language of publication is English and manuscripts written by authors whose mother language is not English should be checked by an English native speaker before submission. Submission of a manuscript implies that it represents original material that has not been previously published and that it is not being considered or has been submitted for publication elsewhere (previous publication of any of the content, e.g. as an abstract, poster etc. must be mentioned). It is expected that the authors hold the copyright to the text and all illustrations (photographs, graphics, etc.). For publication of illustrations/photographs in which individuals can be identified, written consent of the person involved must be submitted to the publisher. Suitable forms can be downloaded from http://www. thieme.de/endoscopy. The legal criteria for unrecognizability are extremely strict: it should not be possible for the personʼs closest relatives to identify the individual. Authors must apply for and be granted permission for reproduction of illustrations from other publications. The exact source of the material must be cited. If possible, please use only your own unpublished illustrations/photographs. The corresponding author must declare that the manuscript is submitted on behalf of all authors and that they have all participated in the work to be published in Endoscopy. After acceptance of the manuscript, all authors must confirm in writing their agreement for publication. In clinical or experimental studies with human subjects the study protocol must have been assessed and approved by the appropriate ethics committee. In the case of animal experiments it is expected that the appropriate animal protection regulations have been followed. Any potential conflicts of interest must be stated upon submission of the manuscript. A conflict of interest exists when one or more of the authors has a financial or personal connection that might influence their actions. The presentation of the topic must be neutral without any commercial recommendations. Submission of the manuscript implies that the authors accept the Endoscopy “Instructions for authors”. Copyright is transferred to the publisher upon acceptance of the manuscript. The authors accept in advance any necessary editing of the manuscript (including figures). The editors reserve the right to make any necessary changes or shortening in consultation with the authors.

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INSTRUCTIONS FOR PREPARING MANUSCRIPTSTITLE OF THE PAPER–maximum3rows–Author(s)Personal(First)Name(s)and FAMILY(LAST)NAME(S)(for Serbian authors middle initial is obliged)Affiliation(s)of author(s)–Institution,Town,and CountryCorresponding author has to be labelled with mark*,if there are several authorsThe paper must have an abstract of maximum250words,supplying general infor-mation about the objectives of the paper,experimental techniques,methods ap-plied,significant results,and conclusions.Do not use abbreviations and acro-nyms.Key words:maximum10characteristic words explaining the subject of the pa-per(avoid,for example“of”,“and”...)1.IntroductionThis text contains instructions for preparing manuscripts for the journal.Each paper has to be written according to following order:–title,–author(s),–affiliation(s),–abstract,–key words,–body of the text with numerated sections and subsections,–conclusions,–acknowledgment(if necessary),–nomenclature,and–references.Pages must have page numbers.Before you submit your manuscript,please ensure that you can answer"yes"to all16 questions listed at the attached Check list for authors.2.InstructionsThe manuscript,MAXIMUM12PAGES including figures and tables,should be prepared on A4format(210×297mm)with margins of25mm.Review papers can have MAXIMUM20PAGES. Times New Roman font,11points,line spacing(exactly)16points,should be used and authors should obey the following rules:–title of the paper should be as short as possible and it should be easy to identify in bibliography:ALL CAPITAL LETTERS,bold,centered,with spacing one line after,–author(s):full personal(first)name(s),and full FAMILY(LAST)NAME(S),bold italic,centered(ful middle name,or middle initial,can be added according author's wish),with spacing one line after,–affiliation(s):regular letters,centered,with spacing one line after,–abstract:italic,justified,with indent20mm from left and right margin,with spacing one line after,–key words:italic,with indent20mm from left and right margin,with spacing one line after;the words “Key words:”regular letters,–titles of sections and sub sections:bold,left,numerated(decimal clasification)in Arabic numbers, with spacing one line before and one line after,–only English and Greek alphabet must be used in preparing the whole manuscript.2.1.Additional instructionsAuthors are obliged to use System International(SI)for Units(including Non/SI units accepted for use with the SI system)for all physical parameters and their units.Numerated figures and tables,have to be implemented in the text,and obviously behind para-graph in which they have been mentioned.Only black and white drawings and sharp photographs are ac-ceptable.The figures should be no wider than140mm in width and maximum190mm in high.In special cases,landscape position of pictures with height of minimum100mm and maximum130mm and width of200mm,can be used.Letters in the figures should be2mm high and the thinnest line thickness(for grid dimensions,arrows)should not be less than0.2mm.Figures have to be submitted also in separated files in a.TIF format.Figures and tables have to be prepared,as follows:–figure captions–below figures;bold,justified left;one line should be left blank below figure cap-tions,–table captions–above tables;bold,left justified with the table;one line should be left blank above captions and below tables.All tables and figures must be referred in the text,e.g.fig.1,tab.3.All equations,formulas,and expressions should be numbered in parentheses,e.g.(1),with right alignment,in the order of appearance in the text,and must be centered with one line left above and below. Also,equations,formulas,and expressions should be referred within the text with eq.,or formula,or ex-pression,with corresponding number in parentheses,e.g.eq.(5).2.1.1.Specific instructionsSymbols for variables,marks,labels,etc.must be identical in the text,equations,figures,tables, and nomenclature.Variables must be in italic style.Dimensions of variables in the text,if you need to use,put in brackets e.g.thermal conductivity [Wm–1K–1]not[W/m/K]or[W/mK],but,for example,the velocity as v=70km/h not[kmh–1].The vectors need to be written regular with arrows above,matrix mark with regular capital let-ters of alphabet in brackets,and tensors bold.Derivatives should be noted using Lagrange's notation,e.g.f',f'',f''',etc.Mean values should be noted by bar over the symbol.A point over a symbol denotes the flow rate.Do not use“letter el”instead of“number1”,letter“x”instead of“symbol´”,letter“O”instead of zero“0”,symbol“-”instead of minus(–,Alt0150).For symbol degree“°”(e.g.°C,a=45°)do not use letter“o”or zero.Mark“%”should be written close to number,without blank space.The complex equations do not write in sentences but write in separate rows.Such equations are not necessary to be numbered.For multiplication,if it is necessary,use “×”,e.g.“m ×s”,“mol ×K”,or Pa ×s,not “m ´s”,“mol ´K”,or Pa ´s,but for multiplication of dimensions and vectors use “´”e.g.“15´30´20cm”or “r r a b ´”.Scalars multiples of vectors mark with “×”like as multiples with 10n .The complex exponent on basis “e”in equations need to be written using “exp”e.g.k d =A exp (–E/R T ).The span of value “from to”,need to be written like 250-300°C.Except at the beginning of the sentence use abbreviation fig.for figure,tab.for table,and eq.for equation.Words and abbreviations from Latin language,names of enterprises,journals,character of con-ference or symposium publications (proceedings,transactions,book of abstracts,etc .),numbers of jour-nal volume,must be in italic style .2.1.1.1.Examples for centered formulas.Examples of centered formulas are given below:f d f d p (,,)()(,,)()()z r S R z r r s R j j j j =éëêêùûúúòòòò12020d j (1)S R =ò[()],j j 2022d p (2)2.1.1.2.Formulas in the text.formulas or expressions in the text use character “/”for fraction mark and (...)1/n instead of The superscripts and subscripts near by the mark should be written like these:S 04,01ò,lim a ®¥,ment for use marks and symbols with regular setting.All mathematical operators (Ñ,d,¶,O,grad,...),mark of characteristic numbers (Re,Pr,...),constants (p ,e,g,R,...),logarithms (ln,log),trigonometrically functions (sin,sinh,cos,tg –not tan,arctg,...),mark for sum S ,mark for integral ò,mark “f”,and other marks for function e.g .f(x,y,z ),zero and all numbers except in text on italic style,chemical symbols except mol ratios like Ca/S,should be written with regular letters.In the subscript of variables for the letters which denote words do not use italic style,like as d p (diameter of particle).NomenclatureThe variables in nomenclature have to be written in alphabetical order and must have dimension in brackets e.g.[Jm 2s –1].The Greek symbols must be separated,and as well as sub-scripts and super-scripts,abbreviations,and acronyms.The mark of variables with dimensions i brackets used and explained only once in the text,do not include into the nomenclature.In nomenclature for mark of characteristic numbers give also the equation for that number e.g .Re –Reynolds number (=UD/n ),[–]ReferencesReferences should be numbered in brackets in the order of appearance in the text,e.g.[1],[3,4],[7-11],etc.The full references should be listed at the end of the paper (left alignment,hanging indenta-tion)in numerical order of citation in the text.For references having two authors,names of both authors should be given.For more then two authors,only name of the first author should be given,followed by latin ab-breviation et al.If necessary to mention names of authors of the documents given in the list of References,write only family(last)name of the first author(or both authors if there are two authors).For more then two au-thors only first author's family(last)name should be written,followed by et al.Original titles of the papers cited must be translated in English,followed by(n-guage).For books which are not written in English,title should be given on the original language(for languages not using latin alphabet,English transcription should be used),and original language have to be indicated.Title translated in English have to be added in brackets.Data in references should be given in the following form(according to the attached Reference list specification):–For Journals[1]Nazeer,W.A.,Picket,L.M.,Tree,D.R.,In-situ Species,Temperature and Velocity Measurementsin a Pulverized Coal Flame,Combustion Sciences and Technology,143(1999),2,pp.63-77–For Books[2]Gumz,W.,Gas Producers and Blast Furnaces,John Wiley and Sons Inc.,New York,USA,1950–For Chapters[3]Sinak,Y.,Models and Projections of Energy Use in the Soviet Union,in:International Energy Eco-nomics(Ed.T.Steiner),Champan and Hall,London,1998,pp.1-53–For Proceedings(Transactions,Book of abstracts,Proceedings on CD,etc.)[4]Gabrielsson,J.,Extract-Air Window:a Key to Better Heat Economy in Buildings,Proceedings(names of the editor(s),if exist,in parentheses,name of the publication if it is not the same as the name of the Meeting),10th World Energy Conference,Istanbul,Turkey,1997,Vol.1,pp.21-28–For Thesis[5]Rowe,V.M.,Some Secondary Flow Problems in Fluid Dynamics,Ph.D.thesis,Cambridge Univer-sity,Cambridge,UK,1966–For Reports[6]Tsuji,Y.,Shen,N.Y.,Numerical Simulation of Gas-Solid Flows:I–Particle-to-Wall Collision,Re-port No.62,Osaka University,Osaka,Japan,1989–For literature or data on web sites and documents without authors[7]***,Council of Industrial Boiler Owners,Remarks:Nearby the capital of the country do not write the name of the country.For the states in USA,Canada,and other countries use abbreviations(e.g.Penn.for Pennsylva-nia,Ont.for Ontario).The paper not prepared according to this instruction ruleswill be returned to the author for proper preparation.。