八年级下练习试题4
初中英语人教新目标八年级下册 Unit 4基础知识练习题(附参考答案)
八年级英语下册Unit4基础知识练习班级考号姓名总分一、根据首字母或汉语提示写单词。
(每小题1.5分,共15分)1.-Where is Cathy? I can't find her all day.- I'm not sure.I g she may be ill.2.She won't give up her dream w happens.3.He likes playing soccer best.I , he played basketball this afternoon.4.You have too much p , so you should do something to relax.5.Driving too fast may c accidents.It's too dangerous.6.-I feel n before the exam.- Don't worry.Believe in yourself.ler is a (典型的)good teacher.He loves us very much.8.Tony and Sam are (成员) of the school basketball team.9.Could you tell me the (关系)between you and the writer?10.(百色中考)Please (归还)the books to the library on time when you finish reading.二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
(每小题1.5分,共7.5分)1.Her little brother (usual)watches cartoons as soon as he arrives home.2.Our headteacher (allow) us to play sports after finishing our homework.3.The weather is (cloud) and cool today.Let's go to play tennis.4.We had a (quickly)breakfast because we got up late that day.5.What are the plans for the (develop) of your factory?1.Firstly, it's too expensive, and , it's too slow.2.-I think parents should have good with their children.-I agree with you.3.I don't mind you my books.4.My sister is afraid of in front of people.5.Can you hear what he is saying ?四、单项选择。
人教版八年级物理下册 10.1 浮力课时练习试卷含答案解析(4)
10.1浮力课时练习一、单选题1.如图所示,把一金属块挂在弹簧测力计下,金属块全部浸没于水中,弹簧测力计的示数为F,若要使弹簧测力计的示数变小,下列做法可行的是()A.往烧杯里加水B.往烧杯里加些食盐C.往烧杯里加些酒精D.把弹簧测力计向上提一下,但金属块不露出水面2.关于浮力,下列说法中正确的是()A.沉入水底的物体不受浮力B.只有浸在液体里的物体才受到浮力,在空气中的物体不受浮力C.浸在液体中的物体,上浮时受浮力,下沉时不受浮力D.物体受到的浮力大小与物体的形状无关3.如图所示,取一个瓶口内径略小于乒乓球直径的雪碧瓶,去掉其底部,把一只乒乓球放到瓶口处,然后向瓶里注水,会发现水从瓶口流出,乒乓球不上浮。
若用手指堵住瓶口,不久就可观察到乒乓球上浮。
此实验说明了()A.大气存在压强B.流体流速越大压强越小C.浮力产生的原因是液体(或气体)对浸在其中的物体上下两个表面存在压力差D.液体的压强与液体的密度和深度有关4.下列事例中解释正确的是()A.从海水中走向沙滩的游泳者所受浮力将变小C.液体压强计是连通器D.马德堡半球实验计算出了大气压强的值5.如图所示,一个塑料小球堵在一个水池的出口处,水无法排出,则该小球()A.仍受水的浮力B.不受水的浮力,也不受水对它的压力C.不受水的浮力,但受水对它的压力D.无法判断6.用弹簧测力计悬挂一实心物体,将物体从水面上方某一高度匀速下降,如图甲所示,物体下放过程中,弹簧测力计示数F与物块下表面浸入水的深度h的关系如图乙,根据图中信息,可知()A.物体受到的最大浮力是5NB.物体的体积是500cm3C.物体的密度是2.25×103kg/m3D.物体浸没后,下表面受到水的压力保持不变7.下列有关压强与浮力知识的说法正确的是()A.马德堡半球实验证明了液体内部具有压强B.利用托里拆利实验可以测出大气压的值C.升空时,飞机机翼的升力和热气球的升力产生的原理相同D.浮在水面上的物体受到浮力作用,沉入水里的物体不受浮力作用8.探究浮力的大小跟哪些因素有关的实验情形如图所示,其中所用金属块a和塑料块A.金属块a浸没在水中时,受到浮力的大小为0.3NB.利用甲、乙,可以探究浮力的大小与物体体积的关系C.利用乙、丙,可以探究浮力的大小与物体密度的关系D.利用丙、丁,可以探究浮力的大小与液体密度的关系9.如图所示,水平地面上放置着两个轻质圆柱形薄容器甲和乙,底面积S甲:S乙=2:3,分别盛有两种液体A和B,容器底部用细线拉着相同实心物体C,浸没在液体中,此时液面高度相同。
北师大版八年级下册 第4章 因式分解 单元练习卷 含解析
第4章因式分解一.选择题(共5小题)1.若多项式x2+bx+c因式分解后的一个因式是(x+1),则b﹣c的值是()A.﹣1 B.1 C.0 D.﹣22.把多项式a2﹣4a分解因式的正确结果是()A.a(a﹣4)B.(a+2)(a﹣2)C.a(a+2)(a﹣2)D.(a﹣2)2﹣43.下列式子中,属于2x3+x2﹣13x+6的因式是()A.x+2 B.x﹣3 C.2x﹣1 D.2x+14.下多项式中,在实数范围内能分解因式的是()A.x2﹣x+1 B.x2﹣2x+2 C.x2﹣3x+3 D.x2﹣5x+5.5.已知a,b,c是正整数,a>b,且a2﹣ab﹣ac+bc=11,则a﹣c等于()A.﹣1 B.﹣1或﹣11 C.1 D.1或11二.填空题(共5小题)6.若多项式x2﹣mx+n(m、n是常数)分解因式后,有一个因式是x﹣3,则3m﹣n的值为.7.若对于一切实数x,等式x2﹣px+q=(x+1)(x﹣2)均成立,则p2﹣4q的值是.8.已知x2﹣2x﹣1=0,则3x2﹣6x=;则2x3﹣7x2+4x﹣2019=.9.定义一种运算:〈a,b〉=ab+2a+3b,例如:〈﹣2,1〉=﹣2﹣4+3=﹣3.则〈a,b〉+6要进行因式分解的结果为;如果x,y都是整数,且〈x,y〉=1,那么x+y的值为.10.在日常生活中如取款、上网等都需要密码,有一种用“因式分解法”产生的密码,方便记忆,原理是对于多项x4﹣y4,因式分解的结果是(x﹣y)(x+y)(x2+y2),若取x =9,y=9时,则各个因式的值是:(x+y)=18,(x﹣y)=0,(x2+y2)=162=162,于是就可以把“180162”作为一个六位数的密码,对于多项式9x3﹣xy2,取x=10,y=10时,用上述方法产生的密码是(写出一个即可).三.解答题(共7小题)11.把下列各式因式分解:(1)8x2yz﹣4xy(2)(x2+4)2﹣16x2.12.因为x2+2x﹣3=(x+3)(x﹣1),这说明多项式x2+2x﹣3有一个因式为x﹣1,我们把x=1代入此多项式发现x=1能使多项式x2+2x﹣3的值为0.利用上述阅读材料求解:(1)若x﹣3是多项式x2+kx+12的一个因式,求k的值;(2)若(x﹣3)和(x﹣4)是多项式x3+mx2+12x+n的两个因式,试求m,n的值.(3)在(2)的条件下,把多项式x3+mx2+12x+n因式分解.13.先阅读材料,再回答问题:分解因式:(a﹣b)2﹣2(a﹣b)+1解:设a﹣b=M,则原式=M2﹣2M+1=(M﹣1)2再将a﹣b=M还原,得到:原式=(a﹣b﹣1)2上述解题中用到的是“整体思想”,它是数学中常用的一种思想,请你用整体思想解决下列问题:(1)分解因式:(x+y)(x+y﹣4)+4(2)若a为正整数,则(a﹣1)(a﹣2)(a﹣3)(a﹣4)+1为整数的平方,试说明理由.14.常用的分解因式的方法有提取公因式法、公式法及十字相乘法,但有更多的多项式只用上述方法就无法分解,如x2﹣4y2﹣2x+4y,我们细心观察这个式子就会发现,前两项符合平方差公式,后两项可提取公因式,前后两部分分别分解因式后会产生公因式,然后提取公因式就可以完成整个式子的分解因式了.过程为:x2﹣4y2﹣2x+4y=(x+2y)(x ﹣2y)﹣2(x﹣2y)=(x﹣2y)(x+2y﹣2).这种分解因式的方法叫分组分解法.利用这种方法解决下列问题:(1)分解因式x2﹣2xy+y2﹣16;(2)△ABC三边a,b,c满足a2﹣ab﹣ac+bc=0,判断△ABC的形状.15.阅读题:分解因式:x2+2x﹣3解:原式=x2+2x+1﹣1﹣3=(x2+2x+1)﹣4=(x+1)2﹣4=(x+1+2)(x+1﹣2)=(x+3)(x﹣1)此方法是抓住二次项和一次项的特点,然后加一项,使这三项为完全平方式,我们称这种方法为配方法.此题为用配方法分解因式.请体会配方法的特点,然后用配方法解决下列问题:在实数范围内分解因式:4a2+4a﹣1.16.阅读理解应用待定系数法:设某一多项式的全部或部分系数为未知数、利用当两个多项式为恒等式时,同类项系数相等的原理确定这些系数,从而得到待求的值.待定系数法可以应用到因式分解中,例如问题:因式分解:x3﹣1.因为x3﹣1为三次多项式,若能因式分解,则可以分解成一个一次多顶式和一个二次多项式的乘积.故我们可以猜想x3﹣1可以分解成(x﹣1)(x2+ax+b),展开等式右边得:x3+(a﹣1)x2+(b﹣a)x﹣b,根据待定系数法原理,等式两边多项式的同类项的对应系数相等:a ﹣1=0,b﹣a=0,﹣b=﹣1可以求出a=1,b=1.所以x3﹣1=(x﹣1)(x2+x+1).(1)若x取任意值,等式x2+2x+3=x2+(3﹣a)x+s恒成立,则a=;(2)已知多项式x3+2x+3有因式x+1,请用待定系数法求出该多项式的另一因式;(3)请判断多项式x4+x2+1是否能分解成的两个整系数二次多项式的乘积,并说明理由.17.如图,将一张矩形纸板按图中虚线裁剪成九块,其中有两块是边长都为m的大正方形,两块是边长都为n的小正方形,五块是长为m,宽为n的全等小矩形,且m>n.(以上长度单位:cm)(1)观察图形,可以发现代数式2m2+5mn+2n2可以因式分解为;(2)若每块小矩形的面积为10cm2,四个正方形的面积和为58cm2,试求图中所有裁剪线(虚线部分)长之和.参考答案与试题解析一.选择题(共5小题)1.【分析】根据多项式x2+bx+c因式分解后的一个因式是(x+1),即可得到当x+1=0,即x=﹣1时,x2+bx+c=0,即1﹣b+c=0,即可得到b﹣c的值.【解答】解:∵多项式x2+bx+c因式分解后的一个因式是(x+1),∴当x+1=0,即x=﹣1时,x2+bx+c=0,即1﹣b+c=0,∴b﹣c=1,故选:B.2.【分析】根据提公因式法的分解方法分解即可.【解答】解:a2﹣4a=a(a﹣4).故选:A.3.【分析】将2x3+x2﹣13x+6利用分组分解法分解因式,注意首先拆项可得:2x3+x2﹣10x ﹣3x+6,然后将前三项作为一组,后两项作为一组分解即可求得答案.【解答】解:∵2x3+x2﹣13x+6=2x3+x2﹣10x﹣3x+6=x(2x2+x﹣10)﹣3(x﹣2)=x(2x+5)(x﹣2)﹣3(x﹣2)=(x﹣2)(2x2+5x﹣3)=(x﹣2)(2x﹣1)(x+3),∴2x3+x2﹣13x+6的因式是:(x﹣2),(2x﹣1),(x+3).故选:C.4.【分析】求出各项中根的判别式的值,根的判别式的值大于等于0即为在实数范围内能分解因式.【解答】解:A、∵a=1,b=﹣1,c=1,∴△=1﹣4=﹣3<0,本选项不合题意;B、∵a=1,b=﹣2,c=2,∴△=4﹣8=﹣4<0,本选项不合题意;C、∵a=1,b=﹣3,c=3,∴△=9﹣12=﹣3<0,本选项不合题意;D、∵a=1,b=﹣5,c=5,∴△=25﹣20=5>0,本选项符合题意;故选:D.5.【分析】根据因式分解的分组分解法即可求解.【解答】解:a2﹣ab﹣ac+bc=11(a2﹣ab)﹣(ac﹣bc)=11a(a﹣b)﹣c(a﹣b)=11(a﹣b)(a﹣c)=11∵a>b,∴a﹣b>0,a,b,c是正整数,∴a﹣b=1或11,a﹣c=11或1.故选:D.二.填空题(共5小题)6.【分析】设另一个因式为x+a,(x+a)(x﹣3)=x2+(﹣3+a)x﹣3a,根据题意得出﹣m=﹣3+a,n=﹣3a,求出m、n后代入即可.【解答】解:设另一个因式为x+a,则(x+a)(x﹣3)=x2+(﹣3+a)x﹣3a,∴﹣m=﹣3+a,n=﹣3a,∴m=3﹣a∴3m﹣n=3(3﹣a)﹣(﹣3a)=9﹣3a+3a=9,故答案为:9.7.【分析】根据十字相乘法的分解方法和特点可知:﹣p=1﹣2,q=1×(﹣2),即可求得p、q的值,代入求值即可.【解答】解:由题意得:﹣p=1﹣2,q=1×(﹣2),∴p=1,q=﹣2,∴p2﹣4q=1﹣4×(﹣2)=1+8=9.故答案为:9.8.【分析】根据因式分解的提公因式法分解因式,利用整体代入的方法即可求得第一个空的解;分解第二个因式后把﹣7x写成﹣4x﹣3x再重新组合,进行提公因式,最后整体代入即可求得第二个空的解.【解答】解:∵x2﹣2x﹣1=0,∴x2﹣2x=1,2x2﹣4x=2,∴3x2﹣6x=3(x2﹣2x)=3.2x3﹣7x2+4x﹣2019=x(2x2﹣7x)+4x﹣2019=x(2x2﹣4x﹣3x)+4x﹣2019=x(2﹣3x)+4x﹣2019=2x﹣3x2+4x﹣2019=﹣3x2+6x﹣2019=﹣3(x2﹣2x)﹣2019=﹣3×1﹣2019=﹣2022.故答案为:3,﹣2022.9.【分析】由已知可得〈a,b〉+6=ab+2a+3b+6,再分组分解;由〈x,y〉=xy+2x+3y=1,将式子变形为xy+2x+3y+6=7,进行分组分解得到(x+2)(y+3)=7,再由x,y都是整数,分别得到+2=1,y+3=7或x+2=﹣1,y+3=﹣7,即可求解.【解答】解:〈a,b〉+6=ab+2a+3b+6=a(b+2)+3(b+2);〈x,y〉=xy+2x+3y=1,∵xy+2x+3y+6=7,∴(x+2)(y+3)=7,∵x,y都是整数,∴x+2=1,y+3=7或x+2=﹣1,y+3=﹣7,∴x=﹣1,y=4或x=﹣3,y=﹣10,∴x+y=3或x+y=﹣13;故答案为(b+2)(a+3);3或﹣13.10.【分析】9x3﹣xy2=x(9x2﹣y2)=x(3x+y)(3x﹣y),当x=10,y=10时,密码可以是10、40、20的任意组合即可.【解答】解:9x3﹣xy2=x(9x2﹣y2)=x(3x+y)(3x﹣y),当x=10,y=10时,密码可以是104020或102040等等都可以,答案不唯一.三.解答题(共7小题)11.【分析】(1)直接提取公因式4xy,进而分解因式得出答案;(2)直接利用平方差公式分解因式,进而结合完全平方公式分解因式得出答案.【解答】解:(1)8x2yz﹣4xy=4xy(2xz﹣1);(2)(x2+4)2﹣16x2=(x2+4﹣4x)(x2+4+4x)=(x﹣2)2(x+2)2.12.【分析】(1)由已知条件可知,当x=3时,x2+kx+12=0,将x的值代入即可求得(2)由题意可知,x=3和x=4时,x3+mx2+12x+n=0,由此得二元一次方程组,从而可求得m和n的值;(3)将(2)中m和n的值代入x3+mx2+12x+n,提取公因式x,则由题意知(x﹣3)和(x﹣4)也是所给多项式的因式,从而问题得解.【解答】解:(1)∵x﹣3是多项式x2+kx+12的一个因式∴x=3时,x2+kx+12=0∴9+3k+12=0∴3k=﹣21∴k=﹣7∴k的值为﹣7.(2)(x﹣3)和(x﹣4)是多项式x3+mx2+12x+n的两个因式∴x=3和x=4时,x3+mx2+12x+n=0∴解得∴m、n的值分别为﹣7和0.(3)∵m=﹣7,n=0,∴x3+mx2+12x+n可化为:x3﹣7x2+12x∴x3﹣7x2+12x=x(x2﹣7x+12)=x(x﹣3)(x﹣4)13.【分析】(1)设M=x+y,据此原式=M(M﹣4)+4=M2﹣4M+4=(M﹣2)2,再将M=x+y代回即可得;(2)由原式变形为(a2﹣5a+4)(a2﹣5a+6)+1,令N=a2﹣5a+4,据此可得原式N(N+2)+1=N2+2N+1=(N+1)2,根据a为正整数可作出判断.【解答】解:(1)设M=x+y,则原式=M(M﹣4)+4=M2﹣4M+4=(M﹣2)2,将M=x+y代入还原可得原式=(x+y﹣2)2;(2)原式=(a﹣1)(a﹣4)(a﹣2)(a﹣3)+1=(a2﹣5a+4)(a2﹣5a+6)+1令N=a2﹣5a+4,∵a为正整数,∴N=(a﹣1)(a﹣4)=a2﹣5a+4也是整数,则原式=N(N+2)+1=N2+2N+1=(N+1)2,∵N为整数,∴原式=(N+1)2即为整数的平方.14.【分析】(1)首先将前三项组合,利用完全平方公式分解因式,进而利用平方差公式分解因式得出即可;(2)首先将前两项以及后两项组合,进而提取公因式法分解因式,即可得出a,b,c 的关系,判断三角形形状即可.【解答】解:(1)x2﹣2xy+y2﹣16=(x﹣y)2﹣42=(x﹣y+4)(x﹣y﹣4);(2)∵a2﹣ab﹣ac+bc=0∴a(a﹣b)﹣c(a﹣b)=0,∴(a﹣b)(a﹣c)=0,∴a=b或a=c或a=b=c,∴△ABC的形状是等腰三角形或等边三角形.15.【分析】首先将原式配方,进而利用平方差公式分解因式即可.【解答】解:4a2+4a﹣1=(2a+1)2﹣2=(2a+1﹣)(2a+1+).16.【分析】(1)根据题目中的待定系数法原理即可求得结果;(2)根据待定系数法原理先设另一个多项式,然后根据恒等原理即可求得结论;(3)根据待定系数原理和多项式乘以多项式即可求得结论.【解答】解:(1)根据待定系数法原理,得3﹣a=2,a=1.故答案为1.(2)设另一个因式为(x2+ax+b),(x+1)(x2+ax+b)=x3+ax2+bx+x2+ax+b=x3+(a+1)x2+(a+b)x+b∴a+1=0 a=﹣1 b=3∴多项式的另一因式为x2﹣x+3.答:多项式的另一因式x2﹣x+3.(3)多项式x4+x2+1能分解成两个整系数二次多项式的乘积.理由如下:设多项式x4+x2+1能分解成①(x2+1)(x2+ax+b)或②(x+1)(x3+ax2+bx+c)或(x2+x+1)(x2+ax+1),①(x2+1)(x2+ax+b)=x4+ax3+bx2+ax+b=x4+ax3+(b+1)x2+ax+b∴a=o b+1=1 b=1由b+1=1得b=0≠1②(x+1)(x3+ax2+bx+c),=x4+ax3+bx2+cx+x3+ax2+bx+c=x4+(a+1)x3+(b+a)x2+(b+c)x+c∴a+1=0 b+a=1 b+c=0 c=1解得a=﹣1,b=2,c=1,又b+c=0,b=﹣1≠2.③(x2+x+1)(x2+ax+1)=x4+(a+1)x3+(a+2)x2+(a+1)x+1∴a+1=0,a+2=1,解得a=﹣1.即x4+x2+1=(x2+x+1)(x2﹣x+1)∴x4+x2+1能分解成两个整系数二次三项式的乘积却不能分解成两个整系数二次二项式与二次三项式的乘积.答:多项式x4+x2+1能分解成两个整系数二次三项式的乘积.17.【分析】(1)根据图象由长方形面积公式将代数式2m2+5mn+2n2因式分解即可;(2)根据正方形的面积得出正方形的边长,再利用每块小矩形的面积为10厘米2,得出等式求出m+n,进一步得到图中所有裁剪线(虚线部分)长之和即可.【解答】解:(1)2m2+5mn+2n2可以因式分解为(m+2n)(2m+n);故答案为:(m+2n)(2m+n);(2)依题意得,2m2+2n2=58,mn=10,∴m2+n2=29,∵(m+n)2=m2+2mn+n2,∴(m+n)2=29+20=49,∵m+n>0,∴m+n=7,∴.图中所有裁剪线(虚线部分)长之和为6m+6n=6(m+n)=42cm.。
人教版英语八年级下册Unit 4练习题含答案
八年级下册Unit 4练习题一、单项选择()1. I think our parents should allow us ____ our own clothes.A. chooseB. to chooseC. choosingD. Chose()2. On school nights, my parents don't allow me________ out.A.goB. goingC. to goD. went ()3. ---_________________? ---It doesn’t work.A. How are youB. Which is your watchC. What’s wrong with your watchD. How do you do()4. ______________ give him a watch?A. What aboutB. Let’sC. Why don’tD. Why don’t you()5.________ give them some good books?A. Why don'tB. What aboutC. Why don't youD. Would you like()6. You should save some money ____ you canbuy a gift for your mother.A. in order toB. becauseC. soD. sothat()7.---We can use QQ to talk with each otheron the Internet.--- Really? Will you please show me________?A. what to useB. how to use itC. howcan I use it D. what can I use()8. The little boy ____ his seat to an oldlady on the crowded bus.A. lentB. offeredC. tookD. brought()9. My uncle usually has lunch at home, buttoday he had lunch in the school ____.A. instead ofB. instead toC. insteadD. for instead()10.---How are you ___ your cousins?---Very well.A.get along withB. get on well withC. getting along withD. getting along()11. Maria ________well with her classmates.A. gets upB. gets offC. gets onD .gets to()12.---What’s the matter?---I can’t do my homework. I____my homework in the classroom this morning.A. leaveB. forgetC. forgotD. left()13. You can’t go to the movie _____you finish your homework.A. whenB. becauseC. whatD. until ()14. He is very angry with his mother, because his mother always _____him with the best student.A. comparesB. complainsC. tellsD. makes()15.---You teach me English and I teach you Chinese. --- ____A. The same to youB. That’s a dealC. So do ID. Neither do I()16. This math question is too difficult. Can you help me ______?A. work on itB. work it outC. work out itD. work for it()17.--- I had a fight with my brother thismorning. ---_______A. You should say sorry to himB. Great!You are right.C. That’s nothing.D. You shouldn’t talk to him first.()18.--- You look ____. What’s up, sir?---I can’t find my ticket, but it’s timeto check in.A. sleepyB. hungryC. tiredD. worried()19. The talented boy ________ write lyricswhen he was at the age of ten.A. mayB. couldC. mustD.should()20. The work is too hard for him. He ________finish it on time.A. can'tB. mustn'tC. shouldn'tD. needn't()21. Would you mind me ________ you some questions about your family?A. askB. askingC. to askD.asked()22. Please stop talking. It's time ________ class.A. atB. toC. inD. For ()23.---Why don’t you watch TV at home?---I’d love to,but my mother doesn’t allow me ________ that.A. doB. didC. to doD. Doing()24.---You have to leave now________you can catch the-early bus.A. so thatB. as soon asC. becauseD. if()25. We should think of others if we want to ________them.A. get on well withB. hear ofC. get ready forD. hear from()26. You are still _______in the street; it’s time for class.A. hanging onB. hanging outC. hanging overD. hanging up()27.My ____ sister is two years _____than me.A.older, olderB.elder, elderC.elder, olderD. older, elder()28.What a nice day! We should go sightseeing_____watching TV in the hotel.A. because ofB. instead ofC. together withD. out()29. He ____ me his reason for not coming yesterday.A. explainedB. toldC. askedD. said()301. Do you mind _______? I’m feeling pretty tired.A. to driveB. driveC. drivingD. to driving()31. It’s not right for you to ______ her homeworkA. doingB. writeC.makeD. copy()32. I don’t know when we will _____ home.A. return backB. return toC.return back toD. return()33. --- Too bad you didn’t go to the beach with us. It was so much fun here! You must go next time.---_____. I don’t think I’ll have anyfun. I can’t swim.A. Yes, pleaseB. No, thanksC. Youare welcome D. My pleasure()34. ---Would you mind me using your computer?---_____.A. Of course notB. That’s greatC.You are welcome D. My pleasure()35. --- Excuse me, can I take this seat? --- Sure. _____.A. Don’t worryB. Go aheadC. Take iteasy D. You are welcome()36. --- Hurry up, or we will miss the sealion show in the Ocean Park?--- _____. We still have fifteen minutesbefore the show begins.A. Take it easyB. Good luckC. I guessso D. Take care()37. --- Why don’t you listen to music torelax yourself?--- _____. I like music.A. Good ideaB. Yes, pleaseC. Sorry,I can’t D. No, I don’t()38.He ______his umbrella in the shop yesterday.A. lostB. forgotC. leftD. Miss()39. ---- Look! Some people are running the red lights.---- We should wait _______ others are breaking the rule.A. ifB. unlessC. althoughD. Because ()40. The bus driver always says to us, “ Don’t get off ____the bus stops.”A. whenB. whileC. untilD. If()41. The math problem is difficult. I can’t_______.A. work on itB. work it onC.work it outD. work out it()42. ---Could you please give me _______ ? --- I’d glad to.A. an adviceB.any adviceC. some adviceD. a advice()43. ______Greens are preparing for the coming Thanksgiving Day.A. /B. AC. AnD. The()44. Don’t ______when others talk. It’s impolite.A. cut inB. cut downC. cut offD. cut out()45. You’d better travel around Nanjing with a local tour guide _____you want to know more about its culture A. unless B. until C. although D. if()46. ---Hurry up. The bus is coming.--- Oh,no, we mustn’t cross the street____the traffic lights are green.A. afterB.sinceC. whileD. until ()47. ---Do you know that there are many different ____ animals in the zoo?.--- Yes, I do. And i also know that some of them are____scaring.A. kinds of, kind ofB. kinds of, kinds ofC. kind of, kinds ofD. kind of, kind of()48. Encourage your children to try new things, but try not to____them too hard.A. drawB. pullC. pushD. make()49. ---I think drinking milk every morningis good ____ our health.--- Yes, I agree ____you.A. to, toB.with, toC. at, withD.for , with()50. I stayed at home _____ going swimming.A. insteadB. instead ofC. ratherD. Would rather()51. We didn’t enjoy the day _____the weatherwas so bad.A. becauseB. thoughC. untilD. till()52. Your parents love you very much _____they seldom say, “I love you.”A. becauseB. althoughC. unlessD. So()53. --- What do you think of your Junior Middle School life?--- I thinks it is colorful _____I am always busy.A. ifB. thoughC. whileD.until()54. --- What’s _____ with him? ---Heis ill.A. matterB. the matterC. illD. the wrong()55. --- What is Jack doing? --- He is arguing_____the taxi driver _____the fareA. with, aboutB. with, forC. to, aboutD. to, for()56. --- How can I get money to buy gifts forLi Ming’s birthday?--- You can _____some from your brother, and ____ it later on.A. borrow, lendB. lend, borrowC. borrow, returnD. return,borrow()57. He _____ the pen on the ground just now.A. dropsB. droppedC.fallsD. fell()58. --- Do your sister and you ______ well with each other?--- Yes, we are good friendsA. get onB. get offC. get upD. get down()59. --- When did you get up this morning?--- Not _____eleven o’clockA. afterB. whenC. beforeD. until()60. --- I have to take my daughter to piano lessons. --- Don’t __ your kids so hardA. teachB. pushC. takeD. Let()61. We should _____ our expense, or we can’t afford such a big family.A. cut offB. cut downC.cut outD. cut up()62. You look too tired. Why not _____ a rest?A. stop to haveB. to stop havingC.stop havingD. stopping to have()63. Here is the book. First _____ it and thentell me what you think of it.A. look intoB. look upC.look afterD. look through()64. Can you help me to _____ my dog whenI leave for Hong Kong?A. look afterB. look forC. look atD. look through()65. ---Why not go to Lao She Teahouse tonight? --- ______.A. It doesn't matter.B. Thank you.C. Sorry to hear that.D. Sounds great()66. ---I feel really tired. ---______A. Lucky you!B. You’d better work harder.C. Congratulations!D. Why not goand have a rest.()67. Please hold on to your dream _____ oneday it comes true.A. ifB. untilC. unlessD. though()68. I was very angry ____ myself ___ making many mistakes.A. at; atB. with; forC. at; withD. with; at()69. ____ my father doesn’t like his work,he still works hard.A. AndB. AlthoughC. ButD. Before()70. Health is very important to us. We shouldeat more vegetables and fruit _____ junk food.A. insteadB. instead ofC. because ofD. because()71. We have no coffee. Let’s have tea _______.A. eitherB. howeverC. yetD. Instead()72.The two teams continued _____ the game after half an hour.A. playB. to playC. playingD. played()73.--- What ___animals do you like? --- Monkeys. I think they’re _____ clever.A. kind of; kind of B . a kind of; a kind ofC. kind of; a kindD. a kind of; kind of ()74. Do you have time _____ this game with us?A. to playB. playC. playingD. played()75. People often compare a teacher________ a candle.A. toB. intoC. asD. with()76. It’s necessary ______ English ______Chinese in English study.A. compare ; toB. to compare ; withC. comparing ; toD. to compare; into()77. English is my favorite subject , and I am good ___ it.A. forB. toC. atD. of ()78. It’s very nice ____ you to help me a lot.A. forB. ofC. inD. on()79. It’s very convenient ___ us to buy train tickets now because we can buy them either from the station or on the Internet.A. toB. ofC. byD. for()80. My mother told me ____ anymore when it was lateA. didn’t writeB. not writeC. not to writeD. didn’t written二、使用正确的形式填空1.The boy often _________(fight) with his brother.2.I had a _________(fight) with my sister.3.Good habits are good for the ___________(develop) of us teenagers.4.Our teacher allows us _____(go) out for a walk.5.The boy should be allowed ______(play) after supper.6.Let’s continue________-(read) the text.7.It’s important for us _______(learn) English well.8.It’s hard for us ____________(finish) this task in two days.9.Mr. Li kept _________(work) here for nearly 30 years.10.The boy is good ______me. He is good ______English, and he tells me oral practice is good ______improving spoken English. (at ,for,to, )11.My father was very ______ _______(对……生气)his computer.12.Don’t give them too much_______(压力). They are hard-working enough.13.We are ready for the coming ___________(compete)14.The boy is too shy to _____ _____strangers.(与...交流)15.Who is Tim ______ ________? (打架)16.I’m _____ ____ ____ ___(相处的好) with my classmates. I’m feeling very happy.17.---Children these days are ______ _____ _______ _________(压力太大)----They should learn to relax themselves.18.You can explain to me how to do this math problem.( 改为一般疑问句)_____________________________________________ __19.Why don’t you talk about these feelings with your family?(改为同义句)_____________________________________________ _20.You will soon make some friends. You don’t have any now.(用although合并为一句)_____________________________________________ _____21.My cousin borrows a lot of things from me. He never returns.((用without合并为一句)_____________________________________________ _________22.把他们的爱好和我们的比很有意思It’s interesting ____ ________their hobbies _____ ______.23.她把钱借给他,一定是疯了。
新目标八年级下册Unit4测试题及答案
unit4单元测试一、将打乱的对话按照正确的顺序排列,把序号填在句子前的括号里。
( ) 1.Really? You are lucky. He said I was lazy.( ) 2. How was your report?( ) 3.I am sorry to hear that. But the Spanish teacher said I could do better.( ) 4.Well, the math teacher said that I was hard-working.( ) 5.Anyway, I like her. She is smart. She said I was good at speaking and listening.二、根据问题选择相对应的回答,将答案填在题目前的括号里。
( ) 1. What did your English teacher say?( ) 2. Where were you drinking a smoothie?( ) 3. Where were you standing when the UFO took off?( ) 4. How many language can he speak?( ) 5. While I was at the party, what were you doing?A. I was drinking it at a mall.B. He can speak three – French, German and Portuguese.C. She said I was very hard-working.D. I was standing in front of the bank.E. I was watching a movie with my sister.三、从下面给出的答案中选择最佳答案,填在题前的括号里。
八年级英语下学期暑假作业试题4试题
二零一六年八年级英语暑假作业四一. 单项选择〔每一小题1分,一共15分〕( )1. Lei Jun is certainly success as a phone producer. His Xiaomi Phones are popularwith young people.A. aB. theC. anD. /( )2. My grandpa always drinks a glass of water after he gets up every morning. He has had thegood for many years.A. exerciseB. resultC. hobbyD. habit( )3. — I usually drink a glass of water when I get up.— This is a good as it can help your body work more smoothly.1. A. activity B. exercise C. hobby D. habit( )4. To climb the mountain, we need a local guide. Or we may get lost.A. throughB. pastC. overD. along( )5. My study is too for a bookshelf. So I have to put my books under or on my desk.A. largeB. cleanC. dirtyD. tiny( )6. —Are you going to Jim’s party?—It’s impolite to his invitation, right? He is so kind and friendly.A. refuseB. acceptC. returnD. receive( )7. Mrs Lee often offers us some advice on learning languages. We find most of veryhelpful.A. herB. themC. itD. its( )8. The bus stop is our school. So I have to cross the road every time I take a bus home.A. besideB. behindC. outsideD. opposite( )9. Tom didn’t do any exercise this morning. He slept his mother called him for lunch.A. sinceB. ifC. whileD. until( )10. —I really don’t know to send the magazine.— Why not call an express (快递) company like S.F. or STO?A. howB. whichC. whenD. what( )11. My uncle often writes to us or emails us. I him many times so far.A. heard fromB. hear fromC. will hear fromD. have heard from( )12. I like to travel on high-speed trains because they are usually . While planes arebehind schedule (晚点) too often.A. at timesB. on timeC. at the timeD. on the time( )13. Bad luck! We missed the early bus. , it kept raining the whole morning.A. HoweverB. In factC. MoreoverD. Otherwise( )14. All the students know shouting at the elderly is impolite.A. canB. couldC. mustD. need( )15. — Your bag looks heavy. Do you need a hand?—. Thanks all the same.A. I can manage itB. Yes, pleaseC. It’s really kind of youD. My pleasure二. 完形填空〔每一小题1分,一共10分〕Dear DiaryI had a 16 day today. I didn’t sleep well last night 17 my brother invited his friends home to watch a football match together. They made lots of 18 and didn’t leave until twelve. That’s 19 I woke up late this morning and had to run to school.After school, I went to buy a pair of trousers. They felt alright when I 20 , but when I got back home, I found they were the 21 size! So I had to go back to the shop and changed them. Then in the 22 , I went to see a movie with my mom. When we were waiting to buy the tickets, a man 23 . You know I couldn’t 24 it.I told him to wait in line but he just ignored (无视) me! The movie was not 25 interesting as I thought and the people sitting in front of us kept talking. I was really annoyed!Lisa( )16. A. terrible B. happy C. comfortable D. lucky( )17. A. so B. or C. because D. if( )18. A. call B. noise C. behaviour D. litter( )19. A. how B. when C. why D. what( )20. A. picked them up B. turned them down C. took them away D. tried them on( )21. A. same B. wrong C. normal D. right( )22. A. evening B. night C. morning D. noon( )23. A. cut in line B. waited in line C. followed the rule D. took care of( )24. A. mind B. hope C. remember D. stand( )25. A. most B. much C. as D. more三. 阅读理解〔每一小题2分,一共20分〕A( )26. The passage should be .A. a piece of TV newsB. an adC. a school reportD. a poem ( )27. What was Louis Black before he died?A. A famous writer.B. A worker at City Art Center.C. A famous artist.D.A farmer.( )28. Which of the following about Louis Black is TRUE?A. Louis Black was as funny as the characters in his books.B. Louis Black shared his comic books with people around the country.C. Louis Black died in a traffic accident at the age of 35.D. The characters in his books came from his life on the farm.( )29. What can people do at City Art Center?A. They can buy the original pictures of Louis Black’s farm animals.B. They can enjoy the original pictures of Louis Black’s farm animals.C. They can listen to Louis Black’s family talk about his life.D. They can take Louis Black’s works out of the art center.( )30. Mr and Mrs Green will take their 13-year-old son and 68-year-old father to the art center,they need to pay _______.A. $80B. $60C. $50D. $40BMavis and her father Dracula are vampires(吸血鬼). They live in a hotel. To protect Mavis, Draculabuilds a five-star hotel. All monsters(怪物) see it as the best place for vacation.Mavis is coming to her 118th birthday. But in the vampire world, she is still a teenager. To make Mavis happy, her father invites all the famous monsters to her birthday party.But Mavis has her own wish this time. She wants to know more about the outside world and make friends with humans. That’s a dangerous idea to Dracula. So he asks some zombies (僵尸) to play humans. Mavis is so frightened by them that she changes her idea.But Jonathan, a human backpacker, runs into the hotel. To hide such a “danger〞from his daughter, Dracula dresses Jonathan as a monster.Jonathan is gentle and humorous. He and Mavis have a good time at the birthday party. B ut Dracula doesn’t want his daughter to fall in lovewith a human. He decides to drive Jonathan out.Will Mavis make her father agree with her? Watch the movie Hotel Transylvania(?精灵旅社?) in the cinema or on the Internetto find out.We can’t find monsters like vampires or zombies in the real world, but it’s great fun to watch them on the big screen.( )31. Dracula builds the five-star hotel . A. to live B. to have a birthday partyC. to protect MavisD. to offer the best place for vacation( )32. Mavis changes her idea because .A. no humans want to make friends with herB. it is a dangerous ideaC. she is frightened by some zombiesD. she is still a teenager( )33. What does the underlined word “backpacker〞 mean in the passage?A. 武艺高强的人B. 侠客C. 生疏人D. 背包客( )34. Which of the following is the right order of the story?① Jonathan and Mavis fall in love with each other.② Jonathan is dressed as a monster.③ Some zombies play humans.④ Famous monsters come to Mavis’ birthday party. ⑤ Dracula builds a five-star hotel.A. ⑤③②④①B. ⑤④②③①C. ⑤③④②①D. ⑤④③②①( )35. Which of the following is NOT true?A. Dracula is only a teenager in the vampire world.B. Jonathan is gentle and humorous.C. Mavis is a girl and she has her own wish.D. We can watch monsters on the screen.四. 填空〔每一小题1分,一共15分〕A. 根据所给汉语意思,用适宜的单词填空。
人教版物理八年级下册摩擦力同步练习
8.3 摩擦力同步卷4一.选择题(共10小题)1.2021年4月13日,在奥运会女足亚洲区淘汰赛中,中国女足战胜韩国队,闯进东京奥运会!关于足球运动,下列说法正确的是()A.被踢飞的足球运动到最高点时受力平衡B.在草地上滚动的足球因不受力而停下C.相对观众,等待扑球的守门员是静止的D.运动员鞋底的花纹可以减小与草地的摩擦2.自行车是许多同学上学必备的交通工具。
如图所示是自行车的各个零件,其中减小了有害摩擦的是()A.车胎刻花纹B.刹车捏车闸C.车轴加滚珠D.脚踏板面粗糙3.如图所示自行车各个零件的制作或操作中,是为了减小有害摩擦的是()A.车胎刻花纹B.车轴加滚珠C.刹车捏车闸D.脚踏板面变粗糙4.下列实例中,为了增大摩擦的是()A.给车轴加润滑油B.旱冰鞋下装有滚轮C.冰壶底面打磨得很光滑D.足球守门员戴有防滑手套5.下列有关体育运动的实例中,属于减小摩擦的是()A.足球比赛中,守门员戴防滑手套B.冰壶比赛中,运动员在冰壶前方“刷冰”C.篮球比赛中,所用的篮球球面上有许多花纹D.举重比赛中,运动员为了防止打滑在手上涂擦“镁粉”6.山地自行车赛是一项具有挑战的体育赛事。
下列有关自行车的实例中,利用增大接触面间的压力来增大摩擦的是()A.给车轴加润滑油B.刹车时用力捏闸柄C.轮胎的表面做得凹凸不平D.自行车车轴装有滚珠轴承7.如图所示,一小球静止在由竖直墙壁和水平地面组成的墙角处,下列关于小球受力示意图正确的是()A.B.C.D.8.滑板运动已经成为一部分年轻人的极限运动。
如图所示,则下列说法正确的是()A.滑板表面要做成粗糙的,增大人与板之间的摩擦B.滑板表面要做成光滑的,减小人与板之间的摩擦C.轮子表面要做成光滑的,增大轮子与地面间的摩擦D.轮子表面要做成粗糙的,增大轮子与地面间的摩擦9.如图所示,整个装置静止在水平桌面上,其中A、B两木块叠放在一起,两个轻质弹簧测力计C、D的一端与两木块相连,另一端固定在铁架台E、F上.此时,两个轻质弹簧测力计C、D水平方向施力,且示数相等,均为2N.下列说法正确的是()A.砝码受到的摩擦力大小为2NB.B 对A 的静摩擦力的大小等于2NC.A 对B 的静摩擦力的大小等于0ND.地面对B的摩擦力大小为2N10.如图所示的四个实例中,目的是为减少摩擦的是()A.自行车脚蹬上刻有纹线B.用起瓶器夹紧瓶盖C.旅行箱下装有小轮D.汽车轮胎刻有花纹二.填空题(共3小题)11.如图甲所示,小明用弹簧测力计拉着木块沿水平方向做匀速直线运动,根据条件可知,木块所受摩擦力与拉力大小(选填“相等”或“不相等”);小芳认为小明实验误差较大,故选用图乙所示装置实验,她使用该装置在用力将木板向左拉出的过程中,弹簧测力计(选填“A”或“B”)的示数反映了木块与木板间的滑动摩擦力大小。
人教版八年级英语下册 unit4-单元测试题
八年级英语(下)Unit4创优检测卷满分:120分听力部分(25分)Ⅰ.听句子,选出与所听内容相符的图片。
每个句子听一遍。
(5分)Ⅱ.听短对话,选择正确的答案。
每段对话听两遍。
(5分)( )6. What’s wrong with Jim?A.He has a cold.B.He lost his pen.C.His bike is broken.( )7. Which subject did Leo study last night?A.Chemistry.B.Physics.C.Chinese.( )8. Why is the woman worried?A.Because Tom may miss the train.B.Because the train is late.C.Because Tom has changed his plan.( )9. Why does Mary look so happy?A.Because today is her birthday.B.Because she’s won the first prize.C.Because she’s passed the exam.( )10. Why is the girl unhappy?A.Because her father lost the keys.B.Because she lost her keys.C.Because she lost her father’s keys.Ⅲ.听长对话,选择正确的答案。
每段对话听两遍。
(5分)听第一段对话,回答第11、12小题。
( )11.What did Anna miss?A.The train.B.The bus.C.The lunch.( )12.What didn’t the teacher allow her to do?A.Get to the class.B.Get on the bus.C.Have a math class.听第二段对话,回答第13~15小题。
新目标英语八年级下Unit 4 测试题
Unit 4 测试题一、单选:(20’)( ) 1. She said she was having a _________ party for Lily on Friday night.A. surpriseB. surprisingC. surprisedD. surprises( ) 2. --- I’m really ________ before exam.--- Take it easy. Y ou’re the best.A. calmB. freeC. nervousD. happy( ) 3. Sina said she _______ to school the next Sunday.A. didn’t goB. isn’t goC. wouldn’t goD. won’t go( ) 4. --- I want to know ______ he will be the volunteer in the 2011 Universiade (世界大学生运动会) in Shenzhen.A. whereB. whoC. ifD. which( ) 5. He didn’t tell me ___________.A. what time does the train leaveB. what time the train leavesC. what time the train leftD. what time did the train leave( ) 6. He ________ his shortcoming(缺点) and become a good boy.A. got upB. get offC. got overD. got into( ) 7. Mother got mad ________ me for watching TV for hours.A. atB. aboutC. forD. in( ) 8. We won’t go sightseeing if _______ tomorrow.A. it rainsB. it will rainC. it would rainD. it rained( ) 9. I have some problems with my English writing. Can you give me some _____?A. adviceB. decisionsC. informationD. message( ) 10. As he was waiting, he suddenly heard a voice calling from ______, “ Hi, Jimmy!”A. onB. upC. overD. above( ) 11. The government made some laws to _________ the wild animals.A. look forB. care forC. pay forD. wait for( ) 12. We are supposed ________ the lost boy this afternoon.A. findB. foundC. to findD. finding( ) 13. Look! Tom _______ the book ________ Jenny.A. passes on; toB. is passing on; toC. passes on; withD. is passing on; with( ) 14. --- I have great _______ in learning math and I’m so worried. Could you help me?--- Sure. I’d be glad to.A. troubleB. interestC. joyD. fun( ) 15. We are _______ to have so many good friends.A. luckB. luckyC. luckilyD. unluckily( ) 16. Lucy is good ______ math, but she doesn’t do well ______ science.A. at, inB. in, atC. at, onD. at, with( ) 17. The teacher told us that light ________ much faster than sound.A. travelsB. traveledC. travelD. traveling( ) 18. She said _________ others changed her life.A. helpB. helpsC. helpingD. helped( ) 19. TV can ______ our eyes to the outside world.A. start withB. open upC. turn upD. take up( ) 20. My father told me _______ others when they are in trouble.A. don’t laugh atB. not laugh atC. laugh atD. not to laugh at二、完型填空(10’)Dear grandma,How is it going? I hope that grandpa is ____21____ now, I was sorry to hear that he had a ____22_____ last week. I hope you are in good health.Things are fine now. I finished my end-of-year exams last week and got my ____23____ card today. I always get _____24_____ when I see the envelope from school in the mail, but _____25_____ I did OK this time, I had a really hard ____26____ with science this semester, and I wasn’t supposed to find that my worst report was from my science teacher. She said I was lazy, which isn’t ____27____. It’s just _____28_____ I find science really difficult. ____29_____ disappointing result was in history. My history teacher said I could do better. The good news is that my math teacher said I was hard-working. And my Spanish teacher said my listening was good.Well, that’s about all the news I have for now. Dad and Mom ____30____ their love.Love,Alan( ) 21. A. well B. rich C. busy D. kind( ) 22. A. rest B. dream C. game D. cold( ) 23. A. report B. ID C. phone D. library( ) 24. A. excited B. sad C. nervous D. tired( ) 25. A. carefully B. luckily C. suddenly D. quickly( ) 26. A. business B. question C. problem D. time( ) 27. A. important B. true C. boring D. enough( ) 28. A. it B. that C. what D. which( ) 29. A. Each B. Some C. Another D. Other( ) 30. A. have B. send C. provide D. show三、阅读理解(30’)A( ) 31. This is a ______________.A. study plan of Edward Scott.B. teaching plan of Edward Scott.C. school report of Edward ScottD. school report of M.L. Martin( ) 32. Which subject is NOT mentioned(提到) in the form?A. P.E.B. MusicC. HistoryD. English( ) 33. Edward is best at _______.A. scienceB. EnglishC. FrenchD. history( ) 34. Edward is not so good at ________A. science and geographyB. history and FrenchC. math and historyD. English and math( ) 35. According to the form, which of the following is TRUE?A. Edward doesn’t do well in science.B. Edward can’t sing songs well.C. Edward studies two languages at school.D. Edward is good at math.BAs a volunteer teacher, I traveled long way to a small village school in Long Zhou, Guangxi. On my way there, I thought about the village, the school, and the children there. However, my heart sank when I arrived there. It wasn’t what I expected. It didn’t look like aschool at all! The school had only three rooms, one for Grades 1, 2, and 3, and the other for Grades 4, 5 and 6. There was a third one for me.The children welcomed me warmly on my first day. They asked me a lot of questions, and I told them stories about myself and my life in Shanghai. The next day, I gave them a test to find out their level. To my surprise, though the test was very easy, over half of the students failed it, yet they all wanted to learn new things. I knew they needed me.I was busy preparing lessons, reading test papers every night. I enjoyed teaching these lovely and hard-working children, and I could see that they were making progress with my help. I have also learned a lot from them. I understand their lives better, and we are now good friends.I have worked in Long Zhou for a year now. I’m very happy, and the experience has been very useful for me. I love the small village and the children. In fact, I would like to continue working here.( ) 36. The writer is a volunteer teacher who comes from __________.A. GuangxiB. XiamenC. Shanghai( ) 37. The writer found there were only ________rooms in that school.A. twoB. threeC. six( ) 38. In the passage, “my heart sank…” means that the writer ________A. felt upsetB. was happyC. got angry( ) 39. The writer found the students’ level was _________ she excepted after the first test.A. just asB. higher thanC. lower than( ) 40. Which of the following statement is NOT true?A. Both the volunteer teacher and the students are working so hard.B. The volunteer teacher doesn’t like to work there any longer.C. The students became better and better with the help of the volunteer teacher.CMabel is a cashier(收银员)in a big shop in New Y ork. People can buy medicine, watches, sweets, and many other things. They pay Mabel for the things they buy.At the shop people can also buy lottery tickets(彩票). They pay one dollar for a lottery ticket. There are pictures on the ticket. Some pictures are winning pictures. Some pictures are losing pictures. Most people win nothing. Some people win two dollars. A few lucky people win thousands of dollars.One day Mabel was working at the shop. She sold three lottery tickets to a woman. The woman looked at the pictures on the tickets. Then she threw the tickets on the counter(柜台)and walked away. “These are losing pictures”, she thought.Mabel picked up the tickets and looked at them. She was surprised. Then she was excited. One ticket was a winning ticket.“Excuse me!” Mabel called to the woman. “Y ou won $ 50000!”The woman came back to the counter. She took the winning ticket and looked at it. “Y ou are r ight.” she said. “I won $ 50000.”The woman walked away slowly, looking at the ticket again and again. Then she turned around. “Thank you! Thank you very much!” she said to Mabel.Why did Mabel give the woman the ticket? Why didn’t she keep the ticket? Didn’t she want to get $ 50000?“Of course I want the money,” Mabel said. “But it was her ticket. It wasn’t my ticket.”“Well, I am sorry that you are not rich,” her mother said. “But I am happy that you are honest(诚实).”( ) 41. Mabel ______ at the big shop.A. receives and pays out moneyB. puts things on the shelvesC. helps people choose thingsD. carries things for old people( ) 42. One lottery ticket costs ________ .A. nothingB. three dollarsC. two dollarsD. one dollar( ) 43. The woman was lucky because ________ .A. all her three tickets were winning ticketsB. all her three tickets were losing ticketsC. Mabel found the winning ticket and gave it back to herD. she found the winning ticket by herself( ) 44. Mabel didn’t keep the winning ticket because ___________ .A. she won $ 50000, tooB. her mother told her not to do soC. she didn’t want to have anything that was not hersD. her mother was very rich( ) 45. When Mabel’s mother learned about her story, she was very _______ .A. angryB. surprisedC. disappointedD. happy四、词汇(20’)A) 根据句意及汉语提示写单词。
2020-2021学年北京人大附中二分校八年级(下)期末数学模拟练习试卷(4)
2020-2021学年北京人大附中二分校八年级(下)期末数学模拟练习试卷(4)1.(单选题,3分)下列运算中,结果正确的是()A. √7−√5=√2B. 2+√2=2√2C. √6÷√3=2D. √6×√3=3√22.(单选题,3分)在比赛中,9位评委分别给出某位选手的原始评分,评定该选手成绩时,从9个原始评分中去掉一个最高分、一个最低分,得到7个有效评分,7个有效评分与9个原始评分相比,这两组数据一定不变的是()A.中位数B.众数C.平均数D.方差3.(单选题,3分)下列几组数中,能作为直角三角形三边长度的是()A.1,1,√3B.2,3,4C.3,4,5D.5,7,94.(单选题,3分)如图是我市4月1日至7日一周内“日平均气温变化统计图”,在这组数据中,众数和中位数分别是()A.13,13B.14,10C.14,13D.13,145.(单选题,3分)已知一次函数y=kx+b随着x的增大而减小,且kb<0,则在直角坐标系内它的大致图象是()A.B.C.D.6.(单选题,3分)若一次函数y=(k-3)x-1的图象不经过第一象限,则()A.k<3B.k>3C.k>0D.k<07.(单选题,3分)甲、乙、丙、丁4支仪仗队队员身高的平均数及方差如下表所示:甲乙丙丁平均数(cm)177 178 178 179 方差0.9 1.6 1.1 0.6A.甲B.乙C.丙D.丁x的图象经过()8.(单选题,3分)已知ab<0,则正比例函数y=abA.第二、四象限B.第二、三象限C.第一、三象限D.第一、四象限9.(单选题,3分)如图,一根垂直于地面的旗杆在离地面5m处撕裂折断,旗杆顶部落在离旗杆底部12m处,旗杆折断之前的高度是()A.5mB.12mC.13mD.18m10.(单选题,3分)货车和轿车分别沿同一路线从A地出发去B地,已知货车先出发10分钟后,轿车才出发,当轿车追上货车5分钟后,轿车发生了故障,花了20分钟修好车后,轿继续前进,在整个行驶过程中,货车和轿车均保持各自的速度匀速前进,车按原来速度的910两车相距的路程y(米)与货车出发的时间x(分钟)之间的关系的部分图象如图所示,对于以下说法:① 货车的速度为1500米/分;② OA || CD;③ 点D的坐标为(65,27500);,其中正确的结论是()④ 图中a的值是4703A. ① ② ③B. ① ② ④C. ② ③ ④D. ① ② ③ ④11.(填空题,3分)如图所示的阴影部分是两个正方形,其它是一个正方形和两个直角三角形,则这两个阴影正方形的面积和为___ .12.(填空题,3分)点A(m,1)在y=2x-1的图象上,则m的值是 ___ .13.(填空题,3分)函数y=kx+b的图象如图所示,则关于x的不等式kx+b>0的解集是___ .14.(填空题,3分)某市在一次空气污染指数抽查中,收集到6天的数据如下:61,74,70,56,80,91.该组数据的中位数是___ .15.(填空题,3分)如图,将矩形纸片ABCD放入以AB所在直线为y轴,AB边上一点O为坐标原点的直角坐标系中,连接OD.将纸片ABCD沿OD折叠,使得点A落在BC边上点E 处,若AB=8,BC=10,在OD上存在点F,使F到E、C的距离之和最小,则点F的坐标为___ .16.(填空题,3分)如图,边长为3的菱形ABCD中,∠DAB=60°.连结对角线AC,以AC为边作第二个菱形ACEF,使∠FAC=60°.连结AE,再以AE为边作第三个菱形AEGH使∠HAE=60°…按此规律所作的第四个菱形的边长为 ___ ,按此规律所作的第n个菱形的边长是___ .17.(问答题,0分)计算:+ √10(1)√40 -5 √110× √12(2)√48 ÷ √3 - √1218.(问答题,0分)如图所示,一棵大树高8米,一场大风过后,大树在离地面3米处折断倒下,树的顶端落在地上,则此时树的顶端离树的底部有多少米.19.(问答题,0分)某市甲、乙两个汽车销售公司,去年一至十月份每月销售同种品牌汽车的情况如图所示.(1)请你根据图填写表:销售公司平均数方差中位数众数甲___ ___ 9 ___乙9 17.0 ___ 8(2)请你从以下两个不同的方面对甲、乙两个汽车销售公司去年一至十月份的销售情况进行分析:① 从平均数和方差结合看;② 从折线图上甲、乙两个汽车销售公司销售数量的趋势看(分析哪个汽车销售公司较有潜力).20.(问答题,0分)已知,如图,在△ABC中,AB=AC,AD是BC边的中线,过点A作BC 的平行线,过点B作AD的平行线,两线交于点E,连接DE交AB于点O.(1)求证:四边形ADBE是矩形;,求四边形AEBC的面积.(2)若BC=8,AO= 5221.(问答题,0分)如图,函数y=-2x+3与y=- 1x+m的图象交于P(n,-2).2(1)求出m、n的值;x+m>-2x+3的解集;(2)直接写出不等式- 12(3)求出△ABP的面积.22.(问答题,0分)小颖到运动鞋店参加社会实践活动,鞋店经理让小颖帮助解决以下问题:运动鞋店准备购进甲乙两种运动鞋,甲种每双进价80元,售价120元;乙种每双进价60元,售价90元,计划购进两种运动鞋共100双,其中甲种运动鞋不少于65双.(1)若购进这100双运动鞋的费用不得超过7500元,则甲种运动鞋最多购进多少双?(2)在(1)条件下,该运动鞋店在6月19日“父亲节”当天对甲种运动鞋以每双优惠a(0<a<20)元的价格进行优惠促销活动,乙种运动鞋价格不变,请写出总利润w与a的函数关系式,若甲种运动鞋每双优惠11元,那么该运动鞋店应如何进货才能获得最大利润?。
人教版物理八年级下册弹力同步练习
7.2 弹力同步卷4一.选择题(共10小题)1.将弹簧测力计水平放置,在其两端各施加5N的水平拉力,则弹簧测力计的示数为()A.5N B.0N C.10N D.15N2.小明同学在用已校零的弹簧测力计测量一物体的重时,误将弹簧测力计倒置,物体挂在了拉环上,如图所示。
当物体静止时,弹簧测力计所测得的该物体的重与真实值相比()A.偏大B.偏小C.一样大小D.无法判断3.如图所示,在以下四幅图描述的力中,不属于弹力的是()A.手对弹簧的拉力B.人对跳板的压力C.手对弓的拉力D.磁铁对小铁球的吸引力4.以下关于测量工具的使用,正确的是()A.弹簧测力计只能测量竖直方向上的力B.测量物体长度必须从刻度尺的零刻度线处量起C.用天平称量时,先由大到小加减砝码,再调节平衡螺母使横梁平衡D.用量筒测量液体体积时,视线一般应与凹液面的底部在同一水平线上5.如图所示,一根弹簧一端固定在竖直墙上,在弹性限度内用手水平向右拉伸弹簧另一端,下列有关“弹簧形变产生的力”描述正确的是()A.弹簧对手的拉力B.弹簧受到的重力C.墙对弹簧的拉力D.手对弹簧的拉力6.如图所示,将两个弹簧测力计挂在一起,保持测力计A不动,用5N的力拉动测力计B,则弹簧测力计A、B的示数分别是()A.5N;0N B.0N;5N C.5N;5N D.10N;10N7.如图所示,在弹簧测力计的两侧沿水平方向各加4N拉力并使其保持静止,此时弹簧测力计的示数为()A.0N B.2N C.4N D.8N8.弹簧秤的弹簧一端断了一小段,将剩下的弹簧修复后重新调零。
用这只修复的弹簧秤测量力的大小,测量值与没有损坏前的弹簧秤测量值相比()A.读数变大B.读数不变C.读数变小D.前三种情况都可能出现9.如图所示,弹簧测力计和细线的重力及一切摩擦不计,重物G=1.2N,则弹簧测力计A 和B的示数分别为()A.1.2N,0N B.0N,1.2N C.1.2N,1.2N D.0.6N,0.6N 10.下列事例中,不是应用弹力工作的是()A.撑杆跳高B.同学们课间跳的皮筋C.玩具弹簧枪射击子弹D.守门员用力扑住射向球门的足球二.填空题(共3小题)11.如图所示,刻度尺测得被测物体的长度是cm,用弹簧测力计测此物体所受重力大小为N。
人教版八年级下册英语Unit 4 完形填空 专项练习题(Word版,含答案)
人教版八年级下册英语Unit 4 完形填空专项练习题Unit 4 Why don't you talk to your parents?一Monday morning is an important time at our school. All of the students go to the playground. We listen to music, and we __1__ the national flag (国旗) go up.Usually, one student gives a talk on Monday mornings. One Monday last year, a boy gave the talk. He was __2__ and excited! When I saw him, I wanted to have a try, too.Can I really do it?Last week, our teacher said our class should give the talk. My teacher __3__ me, “I know you want to have a try. Next Monday, you can give the talk. Go and write something down. Get ready for it. I’m sure you’ll do well.”“Thank you,”I answered. It was such a great __4__ for me! When I got home, I was excited. I wrote two pages for the talk. I read them again and again. When I read, I asked my parents __5__ . I wanted to make my teacher happy.Monday morning came. I began to feel __6__. When did I last give a talk to so many people? Never! This was my first time. Could I really do it? Maybe I couldn’t finish the talk.When I got to school, we all went out to playground. I __7__ infront of everyone. I opened my mouth, but I couldn’t say anything. “Take it easy,”I said to __8__.“Don’t be nervous. You can do it.”Just then, I looked down at everyone. I saw about 1,000 eyes. They were all looking at me! I couldn’t even stand up.I looked at their eyes more carefully. Their eyes were saying, “You can do it! Don’t be afraid, just talk!”I __9__ a deep breath(呼吸).Then I began to talk. It wasn’t hard.It was easy.I don’t know __10__ I finished my talk. But I did it. I felt so good that day.I showed myself to everyone what I can do.( )1.A.watch B.see C.notice D.look at( )2.A.surprising B.proud C.amazed D.careful( )3.A.asked B.asked for C.said to D.showed ( )4.A.chance B.news C.time D.message( )5.A.to listen to B.to listen C.listen to D.listen ( )6.A.excited B.happy C.nervous D.surprised( )7.A.stand B.stood C.was standing D.have stood ( )8.A.me B.my class C.myself D.my parents ( )9.A.took B.held C.put D.left( )10.A.when B.how C.why D.Whether答案1-5 ABCAB 6-10 CBCAB二When you feel worried or stressed out, everything seems to go wrong at once. You can’t remember what the teacher says in class. You may 1 with your parents or friends. You may have problems with2 ,too. For example, you can't get to sleep or you still3 tired when you get up.If you are 4 too much pressure, maybe it's time to change your life a bit by doing something 5 .It’s important for you to learn to 6 . You can 7 some quiet,restful (平静的) music. 8 a book is a good way to relax, too.You should 9 doing the thing that you are not enjoying. Then take up a new activity or try a new interest.You should also set some goals. For example, 10 enough exercise, keeping up with schoolwork and making some new friends.1. A. talk B. make friends C.argue D. get on2. A. eating B. sleeping C.asleep D. working3.A.feel B. to feel C. felt D. feeling4.A.in B. under C. with D. off5. A. same B. bad C. different D. difficult6. A. study B. relax C.relaxing D. relaxed7. A. play B. listen C. hear D. hear of8.A. Read B. Watching C. Looking D. Reading9. A. keep B. finish C.stop D. not10. A.taking B. have C. do D. don't take答案1-5 CBABC 6-10 BADCA三As a child,I got angry quite easily and was not good at communicating with others.I still remember it was an early autumn.Some __1__ started to turn yellow and the weather became cool.One day,as I was getting ready for school,my mother carelessly handed me my father's vest(背心)instead of __2__.At that time,I was getting to have a __3__ size than my father,so when I put on the vest,I felt as if I wasn't able to breathe!I realized that it was a small mistake which was __4__ by my mother,but somehow the breathless feeling was so strong that it made me very angry.My mother said sorry with a smile,but I shouted at her __5__ thinking much.I got it off my body so wildly that I made a hole in it.I put on my own vest and rushed out of the house __6__ my mother could stop me.Later,my mother shared her bad feelings with my father,“See what your son has done.”Instead of saying he would scold(责备)or beat me,my father __7__ asked my mother to mend the vest.Later when my mother told me about my father's response(反应),I felt terribly sorry for my bad behavior(行为).My father's gentlekindness taught me a lesson which I would __8__ forget.On that day,I decided not to let anger __9__ me any longer.Of course,there are times when I am angry.However,whenever that happens,I will try to remember my father's __10__.It always reminds(提醒)me to think about others' feelings when I get angry.1.A.books B.walls C.photos D.leaves2.A.hers B.his C.mine D.ours3.A.thinner B.smaller C.larger D.shorter4.A.given B.made C.shown D.chosen5.A.without B.about C.with D.of6.A.after B.before C.when D.since7.A.sadly B.angrily C.bravely D.quietly8.A.never B.Often C.always D.sometimes9.A.forget B.help C.leave D.control10.A.vest B.school C.anger D.Mistake答案1-5 DCCBA 6-10 BDADA四Showing your feeling is important. It is a mistake not to talk to anyone 1 you're feeling sad, worried or nervous. If you keep bad feelings inside, it can even make you 2 .But if you 3 with someone,like your mom or dad oryour best friend,you'll usually begin to feel 4 than before. Now you're not all alone with your problems or worries.5 ,it doesn't mean your problems and worries will disappear magically(神奇地).But at6 ,someone else understands what's7 with you and can help8 find ways to solve your problems.Your mom and dad want to know if you have any9 .They love you and they want to know what's happening in your life. But if you don't want to talk with them,what should you do? Find a trustworthy(可信的)friend or teacher at school or a relative. Maybe that person can help you deal with your problems. Then you'll feel as10 as before.1. A. what B. when C. how D. why2. A. sick B. active C. strong D. happy3. A. tell B. speak C. talk D. say4. A. worse B. better C. well D. good5. A. Whatever B. However C. Whenever D. But6. A. least B. last C. first D. now7. A. matter B. more C. wrong D. some8. A. them B. you C. us D. him9. A. problems B. wrong C. questions D. thing10. A. happily B. bad C. sad D. happy答案1-5BACBB 6-10ACBAD五There was once a wonderful goose(鹅).Every day, it produced “golden egg(产一个金蛋).Its owners,a man and a woman, were very 1 to have this goose.However, the owners 2 the goose were a little greedy(贪婪的).They loved the golden eggs but they wanted more than one golden egg a day.They wanted to get 3 right away.The man looked at the woman and said,“ 4 this goose can produce a golden egg every day, it must have a lot of gold inside.Why should we 5 ? One a day is too slow.If we cut the goose open.I’m sure there is a lot of gold inside.Then we can be rich in no time.What do you think?”The woman 6 the man.“Yes.One golden egg a day is nice,but it’s very slow.If we open the goose and 7 all the gold inside, we can use it all now.Let’s do it.”The man took a 8 and cut the goose open.Of course, the goose died.When the man and woman looked inside the goose,they 9 believe their eyes!“There’s no gold in here.It looks like any other goose.”cried the woman.“Now, what do 10 have?”cried the man.“Nothing.No golden egg every day.Just a dead(死的)goose.”1. A. happy B. nervous C. popular D. dangerous2. A. in B. on C. of D. at3. A. poor B. rich C. old D. young4. A. If B. Or C. But D. Until5. A. forget B. start C. move D. wait6. A. heard from B. agreed with C. cared for D. called up7. A. take B. put C. buy D. pass8. A. spoon B. wallet C. bandage D. knife9. A. shouldn't B. couldn't C. mustn't D. needn't10. A. them B. us C. they D. we答案1-5ACBAD 6-10BADBD六Arguing with parents is natural__1____teens. From your clothes to your hobbies, your friends at school to your television habits, your studies to your future plans, it might just seem that you argue with your parents about __2____.Teens should try not to argue with parents, but if it happens, remember to argue fairly and respectfully.Argue FairlyArguments __3____teens and parents happen when both believe that they know what's best for the teens. Parents have been caring for their teens for years,__4___teens are quickly growing up and believe that they’re able to take care of themselves. If you’re a teen arguing with your parents, ____5___that your parents love you and only want what's best for you. If you must argue with them, argue fairly by:★Allowing each person in the argument to say what they think; not interrupting (打断) others when they are speaking.★Only talking about the things that you're arguing about; never bringing up past hurts.★____6___your parents the reasons for your ideas.Argue ___7____No matter ___8__hotly you are arguing, you must remember that our parents still need our attention, respect and love. During arguments, be respectful by:★Keeping your voice low at all times and not shouting.★Not doing angry actions ____9____, kicking, throwing or hitting anything.★Staying __10__a way to solve the problem has been worked out; never running away from home.( )1. A. of B. with C. for D. to ( )2. A. something B. everything C. nothing D.anything( )3. A. between B. among C. with D. of ( )4. A. because B. and C. although D. but ( )5. A. think B. forget C. remember D. argue( )6. A. Explain B. Explaining C. To explaining D. Explained( )7. A. Respectful B. Respectfully C. Quietly D. Softly( )8. A. how B. what C. why D. where ( )9. A. likes B. for C. such as D. of example( )10. A. behind B. after C. by D. until 答案1-5CBADC 6-10BBACDWhen we asked about brothers and sisters, more than 2, 000 children wrote to tell us about their brothers or sisters. Many children told us that fights often __1__. More than half of the children __2__ their brothers or sisters at least once a day. Most children said they shouted at their brothers or sisters when they fought. __3__ half said they hit each other. But some of the children, about 20%, said they asked their mom ordad to help them solve the __4__. And even more children said that after a fight, they said __5__ to their brothers or sisters.For now, you are __6__ a child. You may be unhappy sometimes __7__ the fights with your brothers or sisters, but you will think they are funny experiences when you grow up. You will be the parent who will have to __8__ the fights! So stop shouting when you get angry with your brothers or sisters. It is not always easy, __9__ maybe you can start with just making one day “No Fight Day”. Then your mom and dad will be very __10__. Remember that it is never OK to shout at your brothers or sisters and hurt them.1. A. ended B. happened C. developed D. started2. A. fought with B. wrote toC. looked afterD. communicated with3. A. Instead B. However C. Almost D. Hardly4. A. hobby B. skill C. deal D. problem5. A. hello B. sorry C. thanks D. goodbye6. A. too B. still C. already D. even7. A. such as B. instead of C. for example D. because of8. A. stop B. win C. show D. remember9. A. or B. and C. but D. so10. A. happy B. crazy C. tired D. angry答案1—5 BACDB 6—10 BDACA第11 页共11 页。
新目标英语八年级下Unit4单元测试题及答案(含听力原文)
题号题号ⅠⅡ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ Ⅵ Ⅶ Ⅷ Ⅸ Ⅹ Ⅺ 总分总分 得分得分I have a good friend.Her name is Judy.Though we often __36__ with each other about little thingsIt was a(n) __37__ day.I was running around doing what I needed to do.Then I stopped __38__ I felt my cellpho)in my pocket.I __39__ keep my phone on.In the event of an emergency (can get in touch with __40__a __41__ __41__ in __41__ __42__ to early.I __42__ __42__ I decided to call her.I __43__ I was so __44__ that I made the call.Without a second thought__45__ the world to me.I was so grateful to my friend. Dear Paul,I haven't seen you for a long time and I miss you very much.Now I'm writing to you to ask for your help.My doctor is a woman and I feel nervous about it,especially when I have to wear nothing at the doctor's office.What should I do?I'm afraid to see the doctor even if I have a bad cold.Is there something wrong with me? Please help me.I'm looking forward to your reply. Peter Dear Peter,I'm happy to hear from you and I miss you,too. As for (关于) your trouble,there is no need to worry about it.Little kids often run around wearing nothing and feel natural about it.But as you get older,you care more about your body and want to have your own room.So it's normal to feel shy when taking off your clothes at the doctor's office.But your doctor does need to examine (检查)you to make sure if you are healthy. To make you more comfortable,you can ask your mom or dad to come into the examine room with you.You can also ask for a gown (长袍).Most doctors' offices have these gowns for patients.So just relax,and your doctor can examine you better to keep you in good health. Paul ()46.Why does Peter feel nervous when he sees a woman doctor? in the same time or place.You could give them ideas and they may have helpful thoughts that would help both of you. You look worried.__56__ I rode my bike to the library yesterday afternoon.__57__ When I came out of the library__58__ __59__ It's not a good idea.__60__ You should say you're sorry and you will be more A.I took a bus. B.My parents may get angry with me. C.I rode my bike. D.What's wrong? E.I got a part-time job. F.But I don't have enough money. G.I put my bike on the street. 。
人教版八年级下册单元测试题四(第七单元第三章含答案)
第七单元第三章测试题一、选择题1.关于生命的起源,下列叙述正确的是①生命起源于非生命的物质②生命起源于陆地③原始大气的成分主要是水蒸气、氨气、甲烷等④现在地球上不可能再形成原始生命A.①②③B.①②④C.①③④D.②③④2.下列关于生物进化的叙述,错误的是A.化石为生物进化提供了最直接的证据B.米勒模拟实验证明了原始地球能形成有机物C.动物的进化趋势是从体型小到体型大D.生物通过遗传、变异和自然选择,不断进化3.下列关于生物进化历程的叙述中,错误的是A.由植物到动物B.由低等到高等C.由水生到陆生D.由简单到复杂4.用达尔文的自然选择学说不能解释的是A.长颈鹿的颈越来越长B.恐龙灭绝C.曼彻斯特地区深色桦尺蠖增多D.孔雀开屏5.生物适应环境的现象在自然界普遍存在,如无毒蛇具有毒蛇样鲜艳的色泽斑,此现象是A.保护色B.拟态C.警戒色D.适应性6.以下四种生物中,亲缘关系最近的两种是A.①与③B.①与④C.③与④D.①与②7.下列各项与自然选择无关的是A.长颈鹿长颈的形成B.雷鸟的体色与周围环境色彩非常相似C.鱼的背部是深色、腹部是白色D.一窝小猫的体色有黑、白和黄色8.英国的曼彻斯特地区,100年间桦尺蛾体色变化的原因是A.生存斗争的结果B.自然选择的结果C.人工选择的结果D.过度繁殖的结果9.每年春季是青蛙的繁殖季节,一只雌青蛙产卵约4000~5000个,卵受精后只有少数能发育为成蛙。
按照达尔文的进化学说,产生这种现象的原因是A.生存斗争B.过度繁殖C.适者生存D.遗传和变异10.解释生物进化的原因,目前人们普遍接受的是达尔文的自然选择学说,以下关键词能正确概述自然选择学说内容的一组是①自然发生②物种不变③过度繁殖④环境污染⑤生存斗争⑥遗传、变异⑦适者生存A.①②③⑦B.④⑤⑥⑦C.①③④⑤D.③⑤⑥⑦11.下图表示脊椎动物的进化关系,下列叙述正确的是A.甲类和乙类都只生活在水中B.丙类体温恒定,是两栖动物C.丁类是由古代丙类进化来的D.鸟类最高等,因为可以飞行12.1965年9月,我国科学家首先在世界上成功地实现了人工合成具有天然生物活力的蛋白质——结晶牛胰岛素。
人教版初中数学八年级下册《19.1 函数》同步练习卷(4)
人教新版八年级下学期《19.1 函数》同步练习卷一.选择题(共10小题)1.如果用总长为60m的篱笆围成一个长方形场地,设长方形的面积为S(m2)周长为p(m),一边长为a(m),那么S、p、a中,常量是()A.a B.p C.S D.p,a2.下列各曲线表示的y与x之间的关系中,y不是x的函数的是()A.B.C.D.3.下列式子:①y=3x﹣5;②y=;③y=;④y2=x;⑤y=|x|,其中y是x的函数的个数是()A.2个B.3个C.4个D.5个4.根据如图所示的程序计算:若输入自变量x的值为,则输出的结果是()A.B.C.D.5.如图,OA和BA分别表示甲乙两名学生运动的一次函数的图象,图s和t分别表示路程和时间,根据图象判定快者比慢者的速度每秒快()A.2.5米B.2米C.1.5米D.1米6.某市路桥公司决定对A、B两地之间的公路进行改造,并由甲工程队从A地向B地方向修筑,乙工程队从B地向A地方向修筑.已知甲工程队先施工2天,乙工程队再开始施工,乙工程队施工几天后因另有任务提前离开,余下的任务由甲工程队单独完成,直到公路修通.甲、乙两个工程队修公路的长度y(米)与施工时间x(天)之间的函数关系如图所示.下列说法:①乙工程队每天修公路240米;②甲工程队每天修公路120米;③甲比乙多工作6天;④A、B两地之间的公路总长是1680米.其中正确的说法有()A.4个B.3个C.2个D.1个7.如图,是某蓄水池的横断面示意图,蓄水池分为深水区和浅水区,如果向这个蓄水池以固定的速度注水,下面能表示水的深度h与时间t的关系的图象大致是()A.B.C.D.8.如图(1),在矩形ABCD中,动点M从点B出发,沿B→C→D→A方向运动至点A处停止,设点M运动的路程为x,△ABM的面积为y,如果y关于x的函数图象如图(2)所示,则矩形ABCD的面积是()A.55B.30C.16D.69.一个矩形的周长为100,则其一边长y与相邻的另一边长x的函数解析式为()A.y=50﹣x(0<x<50)B.y=50﹣x(0<x≤50)C.y=100﹣2x(0<x<50)D.y=100﹣2x(0<x≤50)10.下表反映的是某地区电的使用量x(千瓦时)与应交电费y(元)之间的关系,下列说法不正确的是()A.x与y都是变量,且x是自变量,y是x的函数B.用电量每增加1千瓦时,电费增加0.55元C.当交电费20.5元时,用电量为37千瓦时D.若用电量为8千瓦时,则应交电费4.4元二.填空题(共1小题)11.函数中自变量x的取值范围是.人教新版八年级下学期《19.1 函数》2019年同步练习卷参考答案与试题解析一.选择题(共10小题)1.如果用总长为60m的篱笆围成一个长方形场地,设长方形的面积为S(m2)周长为p(m),一边长为a(m),那么S、p、a中,常量是()A.a B.p C.S D.p,a【分析】根据篱笆的总长确定,即可得到周长、一边长及面积中的变量.【解答】解:根据题意长方形的周长p=60m,所以常量是p,故选:B.【点评】本题考查了常量与变量的知识,解题的关键是能够根据篱笆总长不变确定定值,然后确定变量.2.下列各曲线表示的y与x之间的关系中,y不是x的函数的是()A.B.C.D.【分析】根据函数的意义即可求出答案.函数的意义反映在图象上简单的判断方法是:做垂直x轴的直线在左右平移的过程中与函数图象只会有一个交点.【解答】解:根据函数的意义可知:对于自变量x的任何值,y都有唯一的值与之相对应,所以只有选项C不满足条件.故选:C.【点评】本题主要考查了函数的定义.函数的定义:在一个变化过程中,有两个变量x,y,对于x的每一个取值,y都有唯一确定的值与之对应,则y是x的函数,x叫自变量.3.下列式子:①y=3x﹣5;②y=;③y=;④y2=x;⑤y=|x|,其中y是x的函数的个数是()A.2个B.3个C.4个D.5个【分析】根据以下特征进行判断即可:①有两个变量;②一个变量的数值随着另一个变量的数值的变化而发生变化;③对于自变量的每一个确定的值,函数值有且只有一个值与之对应,即单对应.【解答】解:①y=3x﹣5,y是x的函数;②y=,y是x的函数;③y=,y是x的函数;④y2=x,当x取一个值时,有两个y值与之对应,故y不是x的函数;⑤y=|x|,y是x的函数.故选:C.【点评】本题主要考查的是函数的概念,掌握函数的定义是解题的关键.4.根据如图所示的程序计算:若输入自变量x的值为,则输出的结果是()A.B.C.D.【分析】根据x的值得出应该输入的公式,计算即可.【解答】解:∵1<x=≤2,∴y=﹣+2=,故选:C.【点评】本题考查了函数值,掌握x的取值范围是解题的关键.5.如图,OA和BA分别表示甲乙两名学生运动的一次函数的图象,图s和t分别表示路程和时间,根据图象判定快者比慢者的速度每秒快()A.2.5米B.2米C.1.5米D.1米【分析】利用图象分别得出快、慢者行驶的路程和时间,进而求出速度差.【解答】解:如图所示:快者的速度为:64÷8=8(m/s),慢者的速度为:(64﹣12)÷8=6.5(m/s),故快者比慢者的速度每秒快:8﹣6.5=1.5(m/s).故选:C.【点评】此题主要考查了函数的图象,利用图象得出正确信息是解题关键.6.某市路桥公司决定对A、B两地之间的公路进行改造,并由甲工程队从A地向B地方向修筑,乙工程队从B地向A地方向修筑.已知甲工程队先施工2天,乙工程队再开始施工,乙工程队施工几天后因另有任务提前离开,余下的任务由甲工程队单独完成,直到公路修通.甲、乙两个工程队修公路的长度y(米)与施工时间x(天)之间的函数关系如图所示.下列说法:①乙工程队每天修公路240米;②甲工程队每天修公路120米;③甲比乙多工作6天;④A、B两地之间的公路总长是1680米.其中正确的说法有()A.4个B.3个C.2个D.1个【分析】①运用乙工程队4天修的长度除以时间就可以求出乙工程队每天修的米数;②运用甲工程队4天修的长度除以时间就可以求出甲工程队每天修的米数;③根据图象得出甲比乙多工作的天数;④根据甲和乙的修路总米数得出A、B两地之间的公路总长即可.【解答】解:①乙工程队每天修公路=240米,正确;②甲工程队每天修公路=120米,正确;③甲比乙多工作10﹣4=6天,正确;④A、B两地之间的公路总长是960+120×10=2160米,错误;故选:B.【点评】本题考查了工程问题的数量关系,工作总量=工作效率×工作时间的运用,解答时理解函数图象的意义和抓住工程问题的基本数量关系是关键.7.如图,是某蓄水池的横断面示意图,蓄水池分为深水区和浅水区,如果向这个蓄水池以固定的速度注水,下面能表示水的深度h与时间t的关系的图象大致是()A.B.C.D.【分析】首先看图可知,蓄水池的下部分比上部分的体积小,故h与t的关系变化为先快后慢.【解答】解:根据题意和图形的形状,可知水的最大深度h与时间t之间的关系分为两段,先快后慢.故选:C.【点评】本题考查根据几何图形的性质确定函数的图象和函数图象的作图能力.要能根据几何图形和图形上的数据分析得出所对应的函数的类型和所需要的条件,结合实际意义画出正确的图象.8.如图(1),在矩形ABCD中,动点M从点B出发,沿B→C→D→A方向运动至点A处停止,设点M运动的路程为x,△ABM的面积为y,如果y关于x的函数图象如图(2)所示,则矩形ABCD的面积是()A.55B.30C.16D.6【分析】根据图象找到点M在DC边上运动的自变量取值范围,则矩形边长和面积可知.【解答】解:由图象可知,点M的路程x取值范围为5≤x≤11时,△ABM的面积保持不变,此时点M在CD边上运动则CB=5,CD=11﹣5=6则矩形面积为5×6=30故选:B.【点评】本题是动点问题的图象探究题,考查了动点到达临界点前后的图象变化规律,解答时注意数形结合.9.一个矩形的周长为100,则其一边长y与相邻的另一边长x的函数解析式为()A.y=50﹣x(0<x<50)B.y=50﹣x(0<x≤50)C.y=100﹣2x(0<x<50)D.y=100﹣2x(0<x≤50)【分析】先设出矩形的另一条边长,再根据矩形的周长公式即可求出x关于y的函数解析式;再根据矩形的边长一定为正数即可求出x的取值范围.【解答】解:设矩形的另一条边长为y,则y=,即y=50﹣x,∵y>0,∴50﹣x>0,x<50,∵x>0,∴0<x<50.∴y关于x的函数解析式是y=50﹣x;x的取值范围是0<x<50.故选:A.【点评】本题考查的是矩形的周长公式,即周长=2(长+宽),需要注意的是矩形的边长均为正数.10.下表反映的是某地区电的使用量x(千瓦时)与应交电费y(元)之间的关系,下列说法不正确的是()A.x与y都是变量,且x是自变量,y是x的函数B.用电量每增加1千瓦时,电费增加0.55元C.当交电费20.5元时,用电量为37千瓦时D.若用电量为8千瓦时,则应交电费4.4元【分析】根据图表,先写出函数关系,再逐个判断各个选择支.【解答】解:由图表可知:应交电费与用电量间的关系为y=0.55x,对于这个函数关系,x、y都是变量,x是自变量,y是x的函数.所以选项A正确;根据图表可知,用电量每增加1千瓦时,电费增加0.55元,选项B正确;当y=20.5元时,x=≈37.3(千瓦时),故选项C错误;当x=8千瓦时,y=0.55×8=4.4(元),故选项D正确.故选:C.【点评】本题考查了函数的相关知识.题目难度不大,根据图表列出函数关系是解决本题的关键.二.填空题(共1小题)11.函数中自变量x的取值范围是x>1.【分析】根据二次根式的性质和分式的意义,被开方数大于或等于0,分母不等于0,可以求出x的范围.【解答】解:根据题意得:x﹣1>0,解得:x>1.故答案为:x>1.【点评】本题考查了函数自变量的取值范围.函数自变量的范围一般从三个方面考虑:(1)当函数表达式是整式时,自变量可取全体实数;(2)当函数表达式是分式时,考虑分式的分母不能为0;(3)当函数表达式是二次根式时,被开方数非负.。
部编版八年级下册语文3课 马说 课时练习试题试卷含答案解析(4)
(三)阅读下面文言文,完成小题。
【甲】世有伯乐,然后有千里马。
千里马常有,而伯乐不常有。
故虽有名马,祗辱于奴隶人之手,骈死于槽枥之间,不以千里称也。
马之千里者,一食或尽粟一石。
食马者不知其能千里而食也。
是马也,虽有千里之能,食不饱,力不足,才美不外见,且欲与常马等不可得,安求其能千里也?策之不以其道,食之不能尽其材,鸣之而不能通其意,执策而临之,曰:“天下无马!”呜呼!其真无马邪?其真不知马也!(韩愈《马说》)【乙】子曰:“骥①不称其力,称其德。
”诚以德为性所固有,非若力之赋于生初,而犹待培于生后也。
是以骥之为骤,知之而性无所加,不知而性无所损。
修其在己,听其在人。
辱于奴隶,弗顾也;死于槽枥,不惜也;食不饱,力不足,才美不外见,不计也。
文公所说千里马,食以千里则马显,食非千里则马晦。
一若千里之权不操于己而听于人。
虽马犹是马,而固有之失不亦多乎!(选自《古文笔法百篇》)【注释】①骥:千里马。
16.解释下列句子中加点的词。
①故.虽有名马:②食之不能尽其材.:③而犹待培.于生后也:④诚以德为性所固.有:17.将下列句子翻译成现代汉语。
①马之千里者,一食或尽粟一石。
②骥不称其力,称其德。
18.【甲】【乙】都将_________比作人才,【甲】文重点阐述了通过千里马的遭遇,告诉人们要_____________的道理。
【乙】文认为判断是不是千里马的标准是_________________,不能一味依靠别人赏识。
19.【甲】文中的“伯乐”“千里马”“食马者”分别比喻什么?A.【甲】文托物寓意,写千里马鸣叫却不被人通晓它的意思,表现千里马难遇伯乐如同贤才难遇明主。
B.【甲】文结尾作者用自问自答的形式,把“真无马”和“真不知马”对照起来,嘲讽了“食马者”的无知。
C.【乙】文刘邦在洛阳南宫安置酒席,请列侯将领们对他与项羽功业成败的原因发表见解。
D.从【乙】文中看,刘邦认为项羽失天下是因为他妒忌怀疑贤能之人,加害有功之臣,独占所得利益。
广州市初中英语八年级下册Unit 4经典练习卷(含解析)
一、选择题1.My mother is very angry with me,because I ________ up late this morning.A.am getting B.get C.got D.will get C解析:C【解析】句意:我的妈妈很生我的气,因为我今天早上起床晚了。
am getting现在进行时;get动词原形;got是get的过去式;will get一般将来时态。
根据句意和句中的时间状语this morning可知,这句话说的是过去的事情,应用一般过去时态,故选C。
2.He didn’t walk slowly ______ he was sure nobody was following him.A.and B.since C.until D.but C解析:C【解析】句意:他走得很慢,直到确信没有人在跟踪他。
考查连词辨析题。
A. and和,表并列;B. since由于,表原因;C. until直到……才,表时间;D. but但是,表转折。
根据句意结构,可知ABD三个选项意思都与句意不符,故选C。
3.I don’t want to put ______ on you to make a decision, but we don’t have much time left. A.pressure B.preparationC.experience D.risk A解析:A【解析】句意:我不想给你施加压力去做决定,但是我们剩下的时间不多了。
考查名词辨析题。
A. pressure压力;B. preparation准备;C. experience经验;D. risk冒险。
put pressure on sb.强迫某人(做某事);根据句意结构,可知选A。
4.—_________ enjoy the opening ceremony(开幕式) of the National Youth Games?—That sounds great.A.How about B.How to C.Why D.Why not D解析:D【详解】句意:——为什么不去欣赏全国青年运动会的开幕式?——听起来真有意思。
牛津深圳版(广州沈阳通用)八年级下学期UNIT 4 练习题
1. Good books ______again and again.A. should be readedB. should be readC. must readD. ought to read2.So far, the moon ____ by man already.A. is visitedB. will be visitedC. has been visitedD. was visited3. People who______to the party are very excited.A. have invitedB. has been invitedC. will inviteD. have been invited4. With the help of the people around China, many beautiful new buildings______here and there in the earthquake-hit area in Sichuan.A. can seeB.can be seenC. will seeD. see5. Half of the work ______by now.A.has finishedB.has been finishedC. have been finishedD. finished6. The books may______for a month.A.be keptB.be borrowedC. keepD. borrow7. --How many Chinese astronauts into space since 2003?--Twelve, including two women.A. were sentB. sentC.have been sentD. have sent8. In the past few years, thousands of films______all over the world.A. have producedB. have been producedC. are producingD. are being produced9.To make our city more beautiful , rubbish ______into the river .A. needn’t be thrownB. mustn’t be thrownC. can’t throwD. may not throw10.The children must .A. look afterB. be taken good careC. look the sameD. be taken good care ofKey:1-5 BCDBC 6-10 ACBBDUnit 41. The film ________ (show) many times since last Sunday.2. ________ the book ________ (return)?3. Information in short-term memory ________ (can, not, keep) very long4. Your homework must ________(hand) iin today.5. Can the book ________(read) out of the library?Key :1.has been shown 2.Has returned 3.can ’t be kept 4.be handed 5.be read1. 这台电视这儿能修理。
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八年级下练习题4一、单项选择( )1.Would you please help me with my writing skills ?A. That’s all rightB.Not at allC.No problemD.No, thanks( )2. Chinese people ______ more and more cars in their daily life.A. usesB. are usingC. is usedD. are used( )4.My backpack __________ books.A. is full inB. is filled ofC. is full ofD. is fulled of( )5.There are some birds _______ the tree and also some apples _______ the tree.A. on, onB. on, inC. in, onD. in, in( )6.Two ______ trees have been planted along the lake since 1998.A. thousands ofB. thousand ofC. thousandsD. thousand( )7.Would you please ________ the cup of coffee?A. passB. to passC. passingD. to passing( )8.It’s a fine day. Let’s have a walk ______ the sunlight.A. ofB. withC. inD. under( )9.Wine(酒) is ________ wheatA. made ofB. made fromC. made byD. made in ( )10.Can you ______ a tree?A. feedB. eatC. makeD. plant ( )11.–Your coat looks nice. Is it ______ cotton?--Yes, it’s ______ Shanghai.A. made of, made byB. made of, made inC. made for, made inD. make from, made by( )12.If you don’t know the new words, you may ______ in a dictionary.A. look up itB. look it upC. look up themD. look them up( )_13.I have a lot _______ about today.A. writeB. writingC. to writeD. written( )14. I haven’t ____ in my dia ry today.A. writeB. wroteC. writesD. written( )15.Agriculture is about _____ plants and animals for food.A. growingB. growC. growsD. to grow( ) 16.My teacher told me that it’s the _____ flowers.A. wheatB. wheat’sC. wheatsD. wheats二. 情景交际从方框中的七个句子中选出五个句子的序号补全对话。
A:1 .B:I want to post some letters. One to New York, one to Shanghai, and the other to Beijing.B:I’d like to send this letter by airmail andthe other two by ordinary(普通的)mail, please. 3 .A:Twenty Yuan and forty Fen. And toBeijing is eighty Fen.B:4 .A:Just the same as the other part of China.B:Very good, 5 .A:Let me see… Twenty-two yuan altogether.B:Here you are.A:Thank you.三. 完形填空(从各小题四个选项中选出最佳答案)Now many people like 1 . They have animals for their 2 . I like animals, too. I have a pet cat. Her 3 is Mimi. She is very beautiful. Her 4 is black and yellow. She has four children. So I have five cats. She is very happy with her young 5 . The four Children are not all 6 Mimi very much. The biggest one is quite black. 7 are black and yellow. My 8_____ says, “Aren’t they beautiful? Can I have the black and white one? Isn’t he a tomcat(雄猫)?” I say, “I don’t know, my girl, but I know the yellow and black ones are females(雌性).” “Are they? How do you know?” “9 they are yellow and black. Tom cats never have that10 .”( ) 1. A. plants B. friends C. books D. animals( ) 2. A. friends B. pets C. teachers D. members( ) 3. A. food B. name C. house D. furniture( ) 4. A. head B. leg C. hair D. feet( ) 5. A. family B. boys C. girls D. babies( ) 6. A. like B. by C. love D. with( ) 7. A. Other B. The other C. It D. The others( ) 8. A. brother B. daughter C. mother D. father( ) 9. A. So B. But C. Because D. Then( ) 10. A. leg B. foot C. ear D. colour四、阅读理解A farmer planted willow trees(柳树) every year and every year they were stolen(偷).So one year he hired(雇) a man to look after the trees, but they were still missing more or less. To his surprise, a child asked for the work. More than ten days passed and no willow tree was missing. “You are very good! How do you guard them?” the farmer asked.“The willows were usually stolen at night, so every evening I pull(拉,拽) them up. Keep them in my own house and plant them back next morning. This way has been very safe.”( )1.Why did the farmer hire a man?A. They could talk at night.B. The willow trees could grow better.C. The willow trees would not be stolen.D. They could live together happily. ( )2.The farmer found that _______.A. The man slept well at night.B. The man didn’t look after the willows at all.C. The man often walked about in the daytimeD. Some of the trees were still missing.( )3.The child thought _______.A. He was stronger than the man.B. He was younger than the manC. he fits the work..D. he could catch thieves (贼).( )4.The farmer was happy and wanted to know _______.A. where the stolen willow trees wereB. how the child guarded the trees.C. where the child livedD. if the child liked his work( )5.We know that if the farmer went on to hire the child, the willow trees _______.A. would grow wellB. would dieC. would be very tallD. would be missing五、完成句子1.长大后,我想成为一名歌唱家。
I’m going to be a singer when I _________________ .2.你能打扫卧室吗?___________________ the bedroom ?3.你不可以把猫养在教室里。