Chapter 5 Culture Shock
culture shock阅读理解
culture shock阅读理解
【原创实用版】
目录
1.文化冲击的定义与影响
2.文化冲击的原因
3.如何应对文化冲击
4.总结
正文
文化冲击是指一个人在进入一个新的文化环境时，由于生活方式、价值观、行为规范等方面的差异，所产生的心理不适应现象。
这种冲击对于那些出国留学、移民或者在工作中接触到不同文化的人来说，是一种很常见的体验。
文化冲击的影响可以是负面的，也可以是积极的。
负面影响包括焦虑、抑郁、孤独感等，而积极影响则可能包括拓宽视野、提高适应能力、增加跨文化交流技巧等。
文化冲击的原因有很多，主要包括以下几个方面：首先，语言障碍是造成文化冲击的主要原因之一。
语言不同，意味着思考方式和表达方式都会不同，这会导致沟通困难和误解。
其次，不同的社会习俗和价值观也是引发文化冲击的原因。
例如，不同的社交礼仪、不同的饮食习惯、不同的教育观念等，都会让初来乍到的人感到不适应。
最后，对于新环境的陌生感也是造成文化冲击的原因之一。
适应一个新的环境需要时间，而在这个过程中，人们可能会感到不安和焦虑。
那么，如何应对文化冲击呢？首先，我们需要理解并接受新文化的存在。
这意味着我们要放下成见，以开放的心态去接纳和理解新的文化。
其次，学习新的语言和文化是应对文化冲击的有效方法。
通过学习，我们可以更好地理解和适应新的环境。
最后，寻找社交圈子也是很重要的。
在新的环境中，找到和自己有共同语言和兴趣的人，可以让我们感到更有归属
感和安全感。
culture shock阅读理解
culture shock阅读理解摘要：1.文化冲击的定义2.文化冲击的原因3.文化冲击的影响4.如何应对文化冲击正文：文化冲击是指一个人在进入一个新的文化环境时，由于与原有文化习惯的差异，所产生的心理和行为上的不适应。
这种不适应可能会对一个人的生活、工作和人际关系产生影响，因此理解文化冲击的原因和影响，并学会应对它，对于生活在多元文化环境中的人们来说，显得尤为重要。
文化冲击的原因主要有两个：一是文化的差异。
每个文化都有其独特的价值观、行为规范和社会习惯，当这些差异过大时，很容易让人产生不适应。
例如，中国人习惯的热闹的春节，对于西方人来说可能就是噪音和混乱。
二是个人的心理预期。
当一个人对新的文化环境有错误的预期时，也很容易产生文化冲击。
例如，一个西方人可能预期中国到处都是现代化的城市，但当他看到一些地方的贫困和落后时，他会感到震惊。
文化冲击的影响主要体现在以下几个方面：一是对生活和工作的影响。
由于不适应新的文化环境，可能会导致生活和工作的困扰，甚至可能影响健康。
二是对人际关系的影响。
由于文化的差异，可能会导致人际关系的紧张，甚至可能产生歧视和冲突。
三是对自我认同的影响。
在一个新的文化环境中，一个人可能会对自己的文化身份产生质疑，这可能会对他的自我认同产生影响。
那么，如何应对文化冲击呢？首先，我们需要理解并接受文化差异。
每个文化都有其存在的理由，我们应尊重并理解它们。
其次，我们需要调整我们的心理预期。
我们应以开放的心态去接受新的文化环境，而不是抱有过高的期待。
最后，我们需要积极地融入新的文化环境。
只有通过积极的互动和交流，我们才能更好地适应新的文化环境。
cultureshock听力原文talk
cultureshock听力原文talk
文化震撼（Culture Shock）指的是人在接触不同文化时，由于文化
差异带来的不适应感，不同程度的沮丧和困惑。
以下是关于文化震撼
的一份听力原文talk，内容被划分为以下三个部分：定义、原因和应对方式。
一、定义
文化震撼是指当人们接触到一个不同于自己习惯和影响的文化时，会
出现沮丧、困惑和无助的情感反应。
这种情感反应是由于人们在对新
文化的期待和预期与真实体验产生分歧时而形成的。
文化震撼的程度
因人而异，有一些人可以顺利地适应和融入新的文化，而有些人则需
要花费更长时间和努力来适应新的环境。
二、原因
文化震撼的原因很多，其中一些包括语言、价值观、信仰、社会交往
和风俗习惯等方面。
在一个全新的文化环境中，人们被迫重新学习许
多基本的社交习惯和规则，如如何交际、问候、礼节等。
此外，新的
价值观和信仰也会与旧的产生冲突，使人感到不安和失落。
最后，文
化震撼还可能在外国食品、旅游、宗教庆典等方面表现出来。
三、应对方式
文化震撼虽然不可避免，但是人们可以采取一些方法来适应新的文化
环境。
首先，了解文化差异并尝试理解和尊重不同的文化习惯。
其次，与当地人积极交往，了解当地的日常生活和社交规则。
此外，参加当
地的文化活动和社交活动可以帮助人们适应新的环境。
最后，在适应新环境的同时，保留自己的身份和文化特色也很重要。
总之，文化震撼是一个全球现象，每个人都可能遭受。
但是，采取适当的方法和思考方式可以帮助人们克服文化差异带来的挑战，逐渐适应新的文化环境。
culture-shock中英文对照
Culture Shock Cause and SymptomsKalvero ObergCulture shock might be called an occupational disease of people who have been suddenly transplanted abroad. Like most diseases, it has its own symptoms.文化休克是突然移居国外的人的一种职业病.像大多数疾病一样,它有自己的征兆.Culture shock is caused by the anxiety that results from losing all our familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse. Those signs or cues include the thousand and one ways with which we are familiar in the situation of daily life: when to shake hands and what to say when we meet people, when and how to give tips, how to go shopping, when to accept and when to refuse invitations, when to take statements seriously and when not. These cues, which may be words, gestures, facial expressions, customs, or norms, are acquired by all of us in the course of growing up and are as much a part of our culture as the language we speak or the beliefs we accept. All of us depend for our peace of mind and our efficiency on hundreds of these cues, often with our conscious awareness.文化休克是由于失去我们熟悉的标志和社会环境而导致的焦虑.这些标志包括我们熟悉的日常生活,遇到别人知道何时握手,说些什么,知道什么时候如何给小费,如何购物,何时接受或拒绝邀请,何时严肃何时放松.这些可能是语言,手势,面部表情,风俗或规定,我们成长的过程中一直遵守,是文化的一部分,就像我们语言或信仰一样.我们依靠这些思想和标志,成为我们的潜意识.Now when a person enters a strange culture, all or most of these familiar cues are removed, He or she is like a fish out of water. No matter how broad-minded or full of goodwill you may be,a series of props have knocked from under you, followed by a feeling of frustration and anxiety. People react to the frustration in much the same way. First they reject the environment which causes the discomfort. “The ways of the host country are bad because they made us feel bad.” When foreigners in a strange land get together to grumble about the host country and its people, you can be sure they are suffering from culture shock. Another symptom of culture shock is regression. To the foreigner everything becomes irrationally glorified. All the difficulties and problems are forgotten and only the good things back home are remembered. It usually takes a trip home to bring one back to reality.当一个人进入一个陌生的环境,所以这些熟悉的线索都消失了.他就像一条离开了水的鱼,不管你有多么的思想开放多么的友好善良,一系列的问题会来到你的身边,带给你沮丧和焦虑.人们对挫折的反应大致相同,首先是拒绝带给他不适的环境, “这个国家很坏因为它让我感觉很坏”.当一个陌生地方的人一起抱怨这个国家和这个国家的人,你就可以肯定他们正在遭受文化冲击.文化休克的另一个症状就是逃避.对于一个外国人来说每一样事物都变的无法忍受.所有的困难和问题都忘记了,只剩下回家这一个念头.通常只有一趟回家之旅才会把他带回现实.Some of the symptoms of culture shock are: excessive washing of the hands; excessive concern over drinking water, food dishes, and bedding; fear of physical contact with attendants; the absent-minded stare; a feeling of helplessness and a desire for dependence on long-term residents of one's own nationality; fits of anger over minor frustrations; great concern over minor pains and eruptions of the skin; and finally, that terrible longing to be back home.文化休克的另一些症状是:过度的洗手,过度关注饮用水,食物,床上用品,恐惧与服务员身体接触,失神凝望,感觉很无助,渴望依赖在这里长期居住的同国籍的人,小事就能引起愤怒,对轻微的疼痛和皮疹过度关注,最终极度渴望重返家园.Individual differ greatly in the degree in which culture shock affects them. Although not common, there are individual who cannot live in foreign countries. However, those who have seen people go through culture shock and on to a satisfactory adjustment can see steps in the process.文化冲击对不同的人有不同程度的影响.尽管并不普遍,有些人不能在国外生活.然而,可以看看有些已经克服文化冲击并且有一个满意的调整,可以参照一下步骤.Stages of AdjustmentRaymond ZeuschnerKalvero Oberg describes four stages that people go through when they experience situations that are very different from those to which they are accustomed. Examples of such situations include moving to a new city, traveling to anew country, and becoming part of a new organization, military unit or corporation.Kalvero Oberg介绍了适应与他们熟悉的环境有很大不同的情况有四个阶段.包括移居到一个新的城市,前往一个新的国家,成为一个组织,军队或公司的一员.Stage one is a honeymoon phase, during which the new experience is perceived to be interesting, picturesque, entertaining, and charming. You may notice several superficial differences such as music, food and clothing, and the fresh appeal of the new experience keeps you feeling interested and positive. If you are a real tourist, you probably do not stay long enough for this phase to wear off but go on to the next new location or experience. There are people who frequently change jobs, majors, romantic partners, travel plans, clothing styles, foods, diets, or cars so that they never get very far away from the honeymoon stage of culture shock. It is very pleasant to travel and to try out and explore whatever is new.第一阶段是一个蜜月期.在此期间新的体验被认为是有趣的,美丽的,好玩的,迷人的.你可能会注意到一些肤浅的差异,比如音乐,食物,衣服,新经验让你感觉新鲜有趣.如果你是一个真正的旅游者,在这个阶段不会停留很久,因为会去新的地方,有新的经历.有些人经常更换工作,专业的浪漫的合作者,旅行计划,服装风格,食品,饮食,或汽车,因此,他们离文化冲击很远.蜜月阶段是非常愉快的旅行,并尝试和探索一切新的东西.When you stay in a new environment for a while, you move to stage two——the crisis stage——in which the shine wears off and the day-to-day realities sink in. In a relationship, you notice annoying habbits; in a new country, you find barriers to establishing connections or to learning the language beyond a few polite phrases. Suddenly, your new major includes a class or a professor you dislike. The difficulties and unpleasantness of realities replace the charming and picturesque “honeymoon.' However, if you stick with the experience and try to deal with it realistically, you will probably move to the third phase of culture shock: recovery.当你在一个新环境待一段时间,你就进入了第二阶段——危机阶段——在这个阶段所以的光环消退,现实的环境摆在你面前.在人际关系方面,你发现了令人烦恼的障碍,在一个新的国家,你发现建立人际关系学习新的语言是有障碍的,比起第一个阶段来.突然之间,你的新专业涉及到的课程和教授你都不喜欢.困难和不愉快的现实取代了第一阶段迷人的蜜月期.然而,如果你能够坚持下去并且尝试去处理,你可能会进去文化冲击的第三阶段:恢复.In recovery, you learn the systems, procedures, language, or nonverbal behaviors of the new environment so that you can cope with it on the basis of some mastery, competence, and comfort. After about two weeks in London, I began to feel familiar with traveling by'tube,“ shopping nearly every day for groceries, paying in the correct currency, buying a newspaper, and using some phrases that are unique to English people. I had the advantage of speaking the same basic language and of sharing a great deal with the English in some broad, cultural aspects. In a country that was very different from my own, It would probably have taken me longer to move into the recovery phase.在恢复阶段,你学习新环境里的制度,程序,语言,行为以便能够熟练驾驭.在伦敦大概两周之后,我开始熟悉乘坐地铁旅行,几乎每天去杂货店物,用正确的货币支付,买报纸,使用一些当地人才用的英语.文化方面我有说同种语言的优势.在一个与我自己的国家有很大不同的地方,可能让我用更长的时间去进入恢复阶段.Finally,the fourth, or adjustment, phase occurs when you feel that you function well and almost automatically in the new culture. You no longer need to make mental conversions of the country's money; you know where services are located and how to use them; you understand some of the customs that accompany ordinary life, and it is relatively easy for you to adjust to them. A greater enjoyment of the new experience is now possible, and you may regain some of the initial positive regard you had in the honeymoon stage. If you stay long enough on a visit from a big city to a small town, or, the other way round, you may become so well adapted to the new environment that when you return to your original home, you will again experience culture shock. For some people, it may take several days to readjust. depending on the length of time they were away. Usually, however, since you are in your home culture, your shock wears off faster than the shock that you experienced in the new culture.最后是第四个阶段,也就是调整阶段.这时你感觉已经在一个新文化中适应良好.你不再需要在心里转换该国货币,你知道各项服务的位置以及如何使用它们,你了解如何适应生活习俗,那对你来说很简单.新的经历可能让你轻松愉快,你也许会重新感受到最初的蜜月阶段的甜蜜.如果你保持足够长的从大城市到小城镇的访问,或者反过来,你可能变得很好地适应新的环境.当你返回最初的家园,你可能还要体验一次文化冲击.对一些人来说,可能要花费几天去重新适应,根据他们离开的时间的长短有所不同.通常,比起你所经历的新的文化,在你自己的本土文化里,冲击要消退的更快一些.欢迎您的下载，资料仅供参考。
cultureshock课文翻译
culture shock课文翻译culture shock课文翻译对于一篇好的文章，翻译也是十分重要的事情，下面是小编为大家搜集整理出来的有关于culture shock课文翻译，希望可以帮助到大家！Culture shock has many stages. Each stage can be ongoing or appear only at certain times. The first stage is the incubation stage. In this first stage, the new arrival may feel euphoric and be pleased by all of the new things encountered. This time is called the “honeymoon” stage, as everything encountered is new and exciting.Afterwards, the second stage presents itself. A person may encounter some difficult times and crises in daily life. For example, communication difficulties may occur such as not being understood. In this stage, there may be feelings of discontent, impatience, anger, sadness, and feeling incompetence, this happens when a person is trying to adapt to a new culture that is very different from the culture of origin. Transition between the old methods and those of the new country is a difficult process and takes time to complete. During the transition, there can be strong feelings of dissatisfaction.The third stage is characterized by gaining some understanding of the new culture. A new feeling of pleasure and sense of humor may be experienced. One may start to feel a certain psychological balance. The new arrival may not feel as lost and starts to have a feeling of direction. The individual is more familiar with the environment and wants to belong. This initiates an evaluation of the old ways versus those of the new.In the forth stage, the person realizes that the culture hasgood and bad things to offer. This stage can be one of double integration or triple integration depending on the number of cultures that the person has to process. This integration is accompanied by a more solid feeling of belonging. The person starts to define him/herself and establish goals for living.The fifth stage is the stage that is called the “re-entry shock..” this occurs when a return to the country of origin is made. One may fin that things are no longer the same. For example, some of the newly acquired customs are not in use in the old culture.These stages are present at different times and each person has their own way of reacting in the stages of culture shock. As a consequence, some stages will be longer and more difficult than others. Many factors contribute to the duration and effects of culture shock. For example, the individual’s state of mental health, type of personality, previous experiences, socio-economic conditions, familiarity with the language, family and/or social support systems,and level of education.翻译文化冲击有许多阶段。
CultureShock（翻译）
文化冲突你认为在异国留学是一种听上去非常让人兴奋的事情吗？你认为你会像许多离家去另一个国家学习的年轻人一样会得到许多令人向往的乐趣吗？这当然是人生新的经历，它会给你带来机会, 去发现许多迷人的东西, 获得一种自由感。
然而尽管有这些好处，你也会遇到挑战。
因为你的观点可能会与存在于不同国家的不同信念、准则、价值观念和传统发生冲突。
在适应一种新的文化及该文化中你不熟悉的那些部分时，你也许会遇到困难。
这就是文化冲击。
很明显，在人们适应文化冲击的过程中至少会出现四个主要阶段。
第一阶段叫做“蜜月期”。
在这一阶段里，你会感觉到生活在一个不同国度里很兴奋，而且每一样东西看上去都妙不可言。
你什么都喜欢，而且好像每个人都对你很好。
另外，新的文化中的生活乐趣好像是无穷无尽的。
然而文化冲击的第二阶段最终还是出现了。
这是“敌意阶段”。
你开始注意到并不是每样东西都如你原先认为的那样好。
你会对新的文化里的许多东西都感到厌倦。
此外，人们也不再把你当作一个客人来对待了。
所有最初看上去非常好的东西现在变得让人讨厌了，而且每一样东西都使你感到苦恼和厌倦。
通常在你适应一种新的文化的过程中步入这一阶段时，你会想出一些帮助你对付和保护自己免受文化冲击的影响的保护性办法。
其中有一种办法叫做“压抑法”。
当你假装所有的东西都是可以接受的，没有什么东西令你感到烦恼的时候，你就是在用“压抑法”。
另一种保护性办法称做”倒退法”。
当你的行为举止开始显得比你实际年龄要小的时侯，你是在用这第二种办法。
这时, 你的行为举止像一个小孩。
你把什么都忘记掉，而且有时你会变得粗心大意和不负责任。
第三种保护性办法叫做”孤立法”。
你宁可一个人待在家里，不想和任何人交流。
你想把自己孤立起来以避免文化冲击的影响，至少你是这样认为的。
孤立法也许是人们用来对付文化冲击的最糟糕的办法之一，因为你把那些能真正帮助你的东西和你隔离开来了。
最后一种保护性办法叫做“排斥法”。
这一办法让你觉得自己不需要任何人帮助。
Culture Shock 文化冲击
Culture Shock①DEFINING CULTURE SHOCK 定义Culture shock is a mental state（心理状态）that comes from the transition that occurs when you go from a familiar environment to an unfamiliar one and find that your old, established patterns of behavior are ineffective.culture shock can cause you to feel “out of sorts,”“fatigued（疲劳）” and “not wholly （完全的，全部的）in the moment.”②REACTIONS TO CULTURE SHOCK 反应prepared when you experience some of these reactions• Antagonism（对抗）toward the new environment• A sense of disorientation（方向，障碍，迷惑）• Feelings of rejection（拒绝）• Upset stomach and headaches• Homesickness• Missing friends and family• Feeling a loss of status and influence• Withdrawal（撤退）• Perceiving（感觉）members of the host culture to be insensitive（感觉迟钝，不友好）③THE STAGES OF CULTURE SHOCK (THE U-CURVE) (过程，步骤) You should view the stages as a U-shaped curve. “The U-curve depicts the initial optimism（乐观，乐观主义）and elation(兴高采烈，欢欣鼓舞) in the host culture, the subsequent dip（向下再向上）in the level of adaptation, and the following gradual recovery.Excitement Phase.The first phase, visualized（在脑海中使形象化，设想，想像）as the top of the left side of the U-curve（U曲线）, is usually filled with excitement, hopefulness, as the individual anticipatesbeing exposed to a new culture.Disenchantment（觉醒，清醒）Phase.This second phase begins when you recognize the reality of the new setting and some initial problems begin to develop.The second phase is a period when difficulties of language, inadequate schools for the children, poor housing, crowded transportation, chaotic shopping, and the like begintaking their toll.Beginning Resolution Phase.The third phase is characterized by gaining some understanding of the new culture. Here the person is gradually making some adjustments and modifications in how he or she is coping with the new culture. Events and people now seem much more predictable and less stressful. Effective Functioning Phase.In this final phase, at the top of the right side of the U-curve, the person now understands the key elements of the new culture (values, special customs, beliefs, communication patterns, etc.). One’s ability to live and function within two cultures (the old and the new) is frequently accompanied(陪伴)by feelings of elation and satisfaction.When this happens, the returnee experiences the same four phases of adjustment we discussed in the U-curve. This gives rise to the term “W-curve,” because it joins two U-curves together.④THE LESSONS OF CULTURE SHOCKOur discussion of culture shock was predicated on two premises.F irst, each year millions of people go abroad to work, travel, and study.Second, many of those experiences end up producing stress, homesickness, and confusion.A lthough we have placed the topic of culture shock under the category of “problems,” we would be remiss if we concluded our discussion without emphasizing the idea that culture shock can be an explicit learning experience.E xperiencing culture shock has a strong potential to make people bemulticulturalBeyond Culture ShockN ewcomers may not be ready to learn and practice social behaviors appropriate to the new culture in the initial period of settlement. It is not unusual for recent arrivals 。
Culture Shock中英对译及缩写
Culture shock英汉对译及原文缩写一、英汉对译Culture shock might be called an occupational disease of people who have been suddenly transplanted abroad. Like most ailments, it has its own symptoms and cure.1．文化冲击又叫人们移居国外的职业病。
像大多数小病一样，它也有自己的症状和治疗方法。
Culture shock is precipitated by the anxiety that results from losing all our familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse. Those signs or cues include the thousand and one ways in which we orient ourselves to the situation of daily life: when to shake hands and what to say when we meet people, when and how to give tips, how to make purchases, when to accept and when to refuse invitations, when to take statements seriously and when not. These cues, which may be words, gestures, facial expressions, customs, or norms, are acquired by all of us in the course of growing up and are as much a part of our culture as the language we speak or the beliefs we accept. All of us depend for our peace of mind and our efficiency on hundreds of these cues, most of which we do not carry on the level of conscious awareness.2．文化冲击是焦虑产生的，这种焦虑是由于丧失了指导我们进行社交的熟悉的信号和符号。
Culture_shock 文化冲击
What is Culture Shock?
◆Why? Smells, sounds, flavors, the very feeling of the air one is breathing; the natives unfamiliar language and behavior contribute to it, too. ◆People's response to culture shock : vary greatly, from excitement and energetic action to withdrawal, depression, physical illness, and hostility. ◆Keep in mind : First, most people experience some degree of culture shock when they go to a new country. Second, culture shock passes with time.
The Film: Pushing Hands （1992）
The debut film of director Ang Lee, who cowrote the script with James Schamus. Concerns with family and duty and how the two co-exists, for better or worst.
Culture Shock
趣味英语听力：Culture_Shock
Track 4趣味英语听力◎高 洁Culture ShockCulture shock is the emotional and mental reaction to being in a completely new cultural environment. This is often a very difficult 1 for many people and it consists of several stages of feelings until people successfully adapt to being in the new culture.The honeymoon stage of culture shock is usually the first stage that people 2 when surrounded by different cultural values and lifestyles. During this stage, people often have very positive images of their new cultural surroundings. They tend to 3 these in an 1)idealistic way and ignore or minimize problems. This stage quickly gives way to the second stage, called the 2)frustration stage.During the frustration stage, newcomers begin to experience a more 4 view of their cultural surroundings. There is a definite frustration that things that should be easy are still difficult. For example, people who may have been enjoying learning the basics of a language during the honeymoon stage would now find it a chore to try and 5 locals in the frustration stage.After the frustration stage ends, the adjustment stage begins. This marks the time when newcomers begin to adjust 6 to the new culture. They begin to accept the differences betweenSpotlight 20Crazy English /聚光灯Copyright ©博看网. All Rights Reserved.them and the challenges of everyday life. This opens the door to two possible outcomes— 3)mastery and rejection.Those newcomers who enter the mastery stage have completely Those who choose the rejection stage have decided not to accept it. They usually choose to 4)permanently withdraw from the culture through isolation or returning home.Culture shock is a very emotional experience for most people and there are many symptoms. It is important to recognize these symptoms in newcomers and 8 the reasons for these feelings.词组加油站1. consist of 表示“包含；由……组成”。
跨文化商务交际chapter_5_culture_shock
3.1 Two aspects of culture shock 3.2 Symptoms of culture shock in a new place 3.3 Symptoms of reverse culture shock
4. Curing culture shock
The term, culture shock, was introduced to describe the anxiety produced when a person moves to a completely new environment, esp. when a person arrives in a new country where he is confronted with a new cultural environment. This term expresses the lack of direction, the feeling of not knowing what to do or how to do things in a new environment, and not knowing what is appropriate or inappropriate. This feeling of culture shock generally sets in after the first few weeks of coming to a new place.
4.1 Defense mechanisms against culture shock 4.2 Alleviating culture shock
5. High-context and low-context cultures
跨文化商务交际chapter_5_culture_shock
Familiar signs and symbols are lost. Familiar cues are removed. All cultures are not exactly the same.
For example, American culture may be more straightforward in manner and rules of behavior, but Asian cultures are more ambiguous, or relate more to individual situations and cannot be easily understood by or explained to those born outside their culture.
本章主要从以下几个方面介绍文化 休克现象：文化休克的五个阶段、 文化休克症状、减轻文化休克的办 法以及高语境与低语境。
Contents
1. Feeling of culture shock 2. Stages of culture shock
2.1 The honeymoon stage 2.2 The hostility stage 2.3 The recovery stage 2.4 The adjustment stage 2.5 The biculturality stage
and beliefs and traditions of the new country Making some friends Be able to manage the size and complexity of the
environment Easy to get along with other people
雅思写作高分范文赏析cultureshock
雅思写作高分范文赏析：Culture Shock导读：本文雅思写作高分范文赏析：Culture Shock，仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。
Culture ShockCulture Shock The United States of America is a country inwhich manypeople from all over the world comes to live harmoniously with each other.Unlike Canada, which is a multicultural country, it is a meltingpot since eachperson brings his peculiarity to enrich the culture of this country. But thismelting process is not always without pain or hurt. I felt the lifein Canada ismore comfortable According to John J. Macionis, the author of Sociology,secondary Canadian edition. Culture shock is a state of bewilderment, anxiety,disorientation and distress as an individual suddenly exposedto a social orcultural environment radically different from his own. It happens frequently forthe international students and immigrants. Culture conflicts appear not onlywhen students come to school and learn new ways of living there, but also whenthey come back home and live with their own families or theirown societies. Thereason for that is the students are young and easy to change,but the adults arenot ready to follow their example and adapt to the new situation. When I firstcome to live in the states, my system of values must change inorder for me tosurvive. When I first came to the states, I was unprepared tolive there, that'swhy I always suffer from stress because of culture shock. I feelthatstudent-teacher relationships in North American are not the same as they were inHong Kong. Hong Kong students often have high regard fortheir teachers. In HongKong, students never call their teacher by their first name, because it is notrespectful to the teacher. Also, they hesitate to ask or to answer questions inclass because they don't want to lose their face in showing their ignorance infront of the class, and sometimes because their English is notgood enough toform a clear question. And if they give the wrong answer it notonly humiliatesthem but also brings shame on their families. Hong Kong students were taught tobe modest and not to display their knowledge freely until being specially calledfor. All these things can lead to misunderstanding since my teachers thoughtthat I was too shy, or stupid, or abnormal. Sometimes when being directly askedfor some questions, unlike American students, which are more creative and canalways give a fast answer, I have to take a long time to thinkthe questionover, because I was afraid to give the incorrect answer. Teachers often feeluncomfortable with my silence and tend to interpret my silence as an indicatorof my inability to answer a question. It's a normal thing thatAmerican teachersexpect Asian students to ask them to explain something difficult. However, HongKong students don't do this as we have seen earlier. Moreover,their feedbacksometimes leads to more misunderstanding. When teachers see their studentslisten to them in smiling or in head nodding, they imagine thatthese studentsunderstand the subject very well. In reality, some students mask their emotionsand just act like that to be polite, since they think that if theywould askquestion, the teachers would be hurt for their teaching was not clear enough forthe class. I was having low expectation from the teacher at thattime and thataffects my learning. I was stressed and felt disorientation all the time inschool. Many teachers do not treat their minority learners asintelligentstudents, and perhaps as a result, their minority students fail intheir classes(Scarcella, 139). In Hong Kong, students stay in the same classroom with a fixedseat everyday in a same year while their teachers come to theirclass to teachthem. Therefore, students can have many friends who alwaysdo the same thingswith them. This helped to build a more close and stable relationship betweenstudents. Students are more interdependent. What are important is not me but we.In America, the people are more individualistic. People only pursue their ownpersonal achievement and fulfillment. Relationships between people are oftenmany but temporary or casual. I felt people only care about themselves and Ifelt that they are very selfish. At that time I always felt lost andlonelybecause I felt it is difficult to find a good friend to talk to. Relationshipare always causal, no one would even cares about you. Peoplein differentculture usually have different values. In speaking with friends, Ihadmisunderstanding too. I have a friend in school who was Middle American. Heoften tells people how healthy he is. It gave me a feeling thathe likes to showoff. But I know he was not showing off, he was just like to expresses himself.Because traditional Asians often look down on material thingsand don't thinkthat these things could give them more value. So, I asked myfriend the price ofhis houses, cars or clothes, and he was very surprised since people don't do so.Moreover, people there don't ask someone's age, for people don't want to showthat they are old. But in Chinese culture, the elderly are very respected forthey are considered as knowing the secret of life, and, therefore, wiser thanthe youngster. So Asian people are not hesitant to ask and telltheir ages. Bodycontact can be another subject for misunderstanding. In my home country, peopledon't kiss or hug somebody of the opposite sex in public places. I was verysurprised to see people kissing each other in front of me. Onthe other hand, inAsian countries, homosexuality is almost non- exist, becauseeven if people arehomosexual they will always hide it as a secret. So two girls ortwo boys canwalk together hand in hand and no one is shocked. But if theydo so in America,their American friends will be horrified. The main reason that I experiencedculture shock in America or in other countries because I hadpracticed aparticular culture as my basis of reality and I am strongly attached to my ownculture. Ethnocentrism is the practice of judging another culture by thestandards of one's own culture(Macionis, 80). Ethnocentrism also generatesmisunderstanding and sometimes conflict. I agree that I am ethnocentric but Ithink ethnocentrism is difficult to avoid because culture is learned thoughenculturation rather than inborn. You never know what are people's values andnorms in other societies if you are not living in that society andtry to learnthat culture. On the other hand, the idea of cultural relativismis that thepractice of judging a culture by its own standard. Which means what is right orwrong to do is only determined by one's own society. So thereare no standardsto judge other societies and there is no universal morality. Thisidea may bevery persuasive and reasonable to many people. But I think there is alwaysuniversal truth in the world, we can sometimes judge other society in a logicalway. For example, today in Indonesia, Chinese people are discriminated. ManyChinese Indonesians are being killed, raped and attacked. If cultural relativismis totally true, then there is no reason for us to think that ourpeacefulsociety is better than the violence society that used to practice genocide.Despite all these culture conflicts, I managed to earn Americanway throughschools, colleges and become respectable citizens. Inside this country, therestill are many ethnic communities where people from ethnic groups come to sharetheir lives, trade foods, and celebrate festivals. That adds to the diversity ofAmerican life and helps mainstream American people to understand more easilyother people in the world.。
英语作文culture shock
英语作文culture shockCulture Shock: An Unexpected JourneyStepping into a new culture can be both exhilarating and overwhelming. The experience of culture shock is a common phenomenon that many individuals encounter when immersed in a foreign environment. As a global citizen, I have had the privilege of experiencing this profound transition firsthand, and I would like to share my personal insights on this transformative journey.Arriving in a new country can be like stepping into a parallel universe, where the familiar norms and customs that once guided my daily life suddenly become unfamiliar and perplexing. The simple act of ordering a meal or navigating public transportation can suddenly become a daunting task, as I grapple with the subtle nuances and unspoken rules that govern the local culture.One of the most striking aspects of culture shock is the sensory overload that accompanies it. The sights, sounds, and smells that were once foreign now become a constant companion, challenging my senses and pushing the boundaries of my comfort zone. The bustling streets, the unfamiliar languages, and the unique culinaryaromas can be both captivating and disorienting, leaving me in a state of heightened awareness and uncertainty.As I navigate this new landscape, I am often confronted with the realization that my deeply ingrained assumptions and beliefs are not universally shared. The way I perceive time, personal space, and social etiquette may differ vastly from the norms of the host culture, leading to misunderstandings and potential conflicts. It is in these moments that I am forced to confront my own biases and preconceptions, and to approach the world with a more open and adaptable mindset.The emotional roller coaster of culture shock can be particularly challenging to navigate. One moment, I may feel exhilarated by the sense of adventure and the opportunity to experience a new way of life. The next, I may be overwhelmed by feelings of isolation, homesickness, or frustration as I struggle to make sense of the unfamiliar surroundings. This emotional turbulence can be exhausting, and it is essential to develop coping mechanisms to manage the ups and downs of the experience.One of the most valuable lessons I have learned through my encounters with culture shock is the importance of cultural relativism. Rather than judging the host culture through the lens of my own cultural biases, I have learned to approach it with a mindset ofcuriosity and openness. By seeking to understand the historical, social, and political contexts that shape the local customs and traditions, I have been able to gain a deeper appreciation for the richness and diversity of human cultures.Moreover, culture shock has taught me the value of adaptability and resilience. As I have navigated the challenges of integrating into a new environment, I have developed a greater capacity for problem-solving, critical thinking, and self-reflection. I have learned to embrace ambiguity and uncertainty, and to view them as opportunities for growth and personal transformation.Perhaps most importantly, culture shock has expanded my horizons and challenged me to question my own assumptions and beliefs. It has forced me to confront my own cultural biases and to develop a more nuanced understanding of the world around me. In doing so, it has enriched my perspective and fostered a deeper sense of global citizenship, as I strive to connect with and appreciate the diverse tapestry of human cultures.In conclusion, the experience of culture shock, while often daunting and disorienting, is a profound and transformative journey. It challenges us to step outside our comfort zones, to embrace the unfamiliar, and to cultivate a deeper appreciation for the richness and diversity of the world around us. By approaching culture shockwith an open mind and a willingness to learn, we can unlock a world of new possibilities and forge meaningful connections with people from all walks of life.。
跨文化交际第五章Culture Shock in ppt课件
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◆ the physical and emotional discomfort one suffers when coming to live in another country or a place different from the place of origin
◆ troublesome feelings such as depression, loneliness, confusion, inadequacy, hostility, frustration, and tension, caused by the loss of familiar cues from the home culture
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3. Causes of culture shock
• Cultural stress • Social alienation • Social class and poverty-wealth extremes • Financial matters • Relationships and family considerations
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a. Cultural Stress
Entering an unfamiliar culture is stressful; in fact, transitions of any type are both psychologically and physically stressful. Problems with housing, climate, services, or communication in another language bring additional stress.
英语蓉城主阵地八上5单元
英语蓉城主阵地八上5单元单元概述《英语蓉城主阵地》八年级上册第五个单元的主题为“Different Strokes for Different Folks”，直译过来就是“因人而异”。
该单元主要学习了解各种不同的生活方式以及对他们的理解和尊重，重点讨论了跨文化的交流和沟通。
词汇掌握本单元通过对英文词汇的学习、理解和掌握，促进英语学习者的词汇积累以及对英语的理解和掌握。
本单元重点学习词汇包括：1.Culture Shock：文化冲击2.Fit in：适应3.Specific：具体的4.Eating habits：饮食习惯5.Regard：关注、尊敬以上词汇通过学生实际应用中的场景演练，达到掌握的效果，从而可以将这些英文词汇应用于实际交流中。
语法知识该单元的语法重点主要学习不定代词的使用。
下面是不定代词在句子中的使用方式：1.anyone/anybody/anything - 可以指代任何人或物– E.g. Anyone can sign up for the class if they are interested.2.someone/somebody/something - 可以指代某个人或某个物品– E.g. Somebody left their phone on the table.3.no one/nobody/nothing - “没有人”，“没有物品”的意思– E.g. Nobody came to the party last night.4.everyone/everybody/everything - “每个人”，“每件事” 的意思– E.g. Everybody should have a chance to express their opinion.不定代词的使用规则比较简单，主要是根据不同的场景选择不同的代词。
阅读和写作本单元将学习五篇文本，其中包含四个阅读材料和一个写作练习。
2017年6月大学英语六级阅读理解精选---Culture Shock
2017年6月大学英语六级阅读理解精选---Culture ShockCulture shock is precipitated1 by the anxiety thatresults from losing all our familiar signs and symbolsof social intercourse. Those signs or cues includethe thousand and one 2 ways in which we orient3ourselves to the situation of daily life ; when toshake hands and what to say when we meet people ,when and how to give tips, how to make purchases,when to accept and when to refuse invitations, when to take statements seriously and whennot. These cues, which may be words, gestures, facial expressions, customs, or norms, areacquired by all of us in the course of growing up and are as much a part of our culture as thelanguage we speak or the beliefs we accept. All of us depend for our peace of mind and ourefficiency on hundreds of these cues, most of which we do not carry on the level of consciousawareness.Now when an individual enters a strange culture, all or most of these familiar cues are removed.He or she is like a fish out of water4 . No matter how broad-minded5 or full of good will youmay be , a series of props6 have been knocked from under you, followed by a feeling offrustration7 and anxiety. People react to the frustration in much the same way. First theyreject the environment which causes the discomfort.“The ways of the host country are badbecause they make us feel bad. ”When foreigners in a strange land get together to grouseabout8 the host country and its people , you can be sure they are suffering fromculture shock.Another phase of culture shock is regression. The home environment suddenly assumes atremendous importance. To the foreigner everything becomes irrationally glorified. All thedifficulties and problems are forgotten and only the good things back home are remembered. Itusually takes a trip home to bring one back to reality.Some of the symptoms of culture shock are excessive washing of the hands, excessiveconcern over drinking water, food dishes, and bedding; fear of physical contact with attendants,the absent-minded stare; a feeling of helplessness and a desire for dependence on long-termresidents of one’s own nationality; fits of anger over minor frustrations; great concern overminor pains and eruptions of the skin; and finally, that terrible longing to be back home.阅读自测Ⅰ. Replace the underlined words with the phrases in the passage with the same meaning:1 . Culture shock is caused by the anxiety that results from losing all our familiar signs andsymbols of social intercourse .2 . Those signs and cues include a lot of ways in which we act.3 . Entering a new company with no friends help him, he feels uncomfortable.4 . Although living abroad for5 years, she still feels homesick now and then.Ⅱ. Question :What are the symptoms of culture shock?参考答案Ⅰ. 1. precipitated 2. the thousand and one 3. like a fish out of water 4 . longing to be back homeⅡ. Some of the symptoms of culture shock are excessive washing of the hands, excessive 033 concern over drinking water, food dishes, and bedding; fear of physical contact with attendants, the absent-minded stare; a feeling of helplessness and a desire for dependence on long-term residents of one’s own nationality; fits of anger over minor frustrations; great concern over minor pains and eruptions of the skin; and finally, that terrible longing to be back home .参考译文出门一日难文化休克现象源自焦虑, 焦虑的原因是我们找不到熟悉的社会标志及特征。
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Individual and Collectivist Culture
生活方式
自我认识
抚养孩子
就餐分贝
平时饮料
饮食习惯
洗澡时间
聚会情况
人际关系
处理问题
上公交车
Individual and Collectivist Culture
Five Basic Themes in Individual Culture
• There is a tendency for foreigners to treat strangers as equals, seen in the politeness with which foreigners treat out-group members and their willingness to follow public rules and laws that guarantee the rights of all. • There is a desire for independence and separateness, found in foreigners' needs for their own privacy and autonomy and in the freedom they give to children.
“Return Culture Shock"
• This is called "return culture shock" and occurs when you return home. You have been away for a long time, becoming comfortable with the habits of a new lifestyle and you may find you are no longer completely comfortable in your home country. Many things may have changed - it may take a little while to become at ease with the cues and symbols of your home culture. (Page 54 Situation F)
商务跨文化交际
Cross-cultural Communication in Business World
Chapter 5 Culture Shock
What is Culture Shock?
Culture shock can be described as the feeling of confusion and disorientation that one experiences when faced with a large number of new and unfamiliar people and situations. (from College English, 2005,14th,10)
Five Basic Themes in Individual Culture
• There is a lack of inhibition on the part of foreigners in terms of expressive behaviors, seen in their lack of concern about drawing attention to themselves and their willingness to disclose feelings and emotions. • There is a lack of understanding if the reciprocal bonds and duties that regulate in-group members, found in foreigners' casual attitudes towards hospitality. • There is a lack of concern at public displays of physical or sexual intimacy.
“Rejection Phase"
• The newcomer may begin to feel aggressive and start to complain about the host culture/country . It is at this point that the newcomer starts to reject the host country, complaining about and noticing only the bad things that bother them.
“Recovery Phase”
• In this stage you feel more comfortable with the customs of the host country. You still have problems with some of the social cues .However, you are now 90% adjusted to the new culture and you start to realize that no country is that much better than another - it is just different lifestyles and different ways to deal with the problems of life.
More specifically to explain:
• Our culture helps to shape our identity. Many of the cues of interpersonal communication (body language, words, facial expressions, tone of voice, idioms, slang) are different in different cultures. One of the reasons that we feel like a fish out of water when we enter a new culture, is that we do not know all of the cues that are used in the new culture.
“Honeymoon Phase"
• During the first few days of a person's stay in a new country, everything usually goes fairly smoothly. The newcomer is excited about being in a new place . The newcomer may have some problems, but usually accepts them as just part of the newness. (Page 51 Situation E)
当人们去到一个与自己原来的文化迥异的地方时，绝大 多数人都会经历一种心理上的迷惑，这就是文化冲击 ——Robert Kohls（Survival Kit for Overseas Living)
More specifically to explain:
• Whenever someone travels overseas they are like "a fish out of water." Like the fish, they have been swimming in their own culture all their lives. A fish doesn't know what water is. Likewise, we often do not think too much about the culture we are raised in.
What Culture Shock is?
• Keep in mind 1. Most people experience some degree of culture shock when they go to a new country. 2. Culture shock passes with time.
How to survive in the culture shock
• Prepare for all the possible difficulties at the beginning. • Keep talking to local people; copy others around. • Have confidence in yourself but laugh at yourself before being laughed at. • Read online information about the host culture and about dealing with culture shock.
The next is the five distinct stages of culture shock.
People’s response to culture shock vary greatly, from excitement and energetic action to withdrawal, depression, physical illness, and hostility.
“Regression Phase”
• Also in the regression phase, you may only remember the good things about your home country. You may find yourself wondering why you ever left to learn English. You may now only remember your home country as a wonderful place in which nothing ever went wrong for you. Of course, this is not true, but an illusion created by your culture shock disease.