sentence paraphrase Unit 15 NO Signposts in the sea模板
高级阅读No Signposts in the Sea海上无航标 原文+翻译+生词注解+修辞赏析
No Signposts in the Sea一、In the dining-saloon I sit at a table with three other men, Laura sits some way off with a married couple and their daughter. I can observe her without her knowing and this gives me pleasure, for it is as in a moving picture that I can note the grace of her gestures,①whether she raises a glass of wine to her lips or②turns with a remark to one of her neighbors or takes a cigarette from her casewith those slender fingers（loose sentense松散句）.I have never had much of an eye for noticing the clothes of women, but I get the impression Laura is always in grey and white by day, looking cool when other people are flushed and shinyin the tropical heat; in the evening, she wears soft rich colors（metonymy借代）, dark red, olive green, midnight blue, always of the most supple flowing texture. I ventured to say something of the kind to her, when she laughed at my clumsy compliment and said. I had better take to writing fashion articles instead of political leaders.PS：①soft：ADJ Something that is soft is very gentle and has no force. For example, a soft sound or voice is quiet and not harsh. A soft light or colour is pleasant to look at because it is not bright. (声音、光线或色彩) 柔和的；②rich:Rich smells are strong and very pleasant. Rich colours and sounds are deep and very pleasant. 浓郁的(气味); 浓厚的(色彩)因此soft和rich这里的修辞手法是：oxymoron n. （修词中的）矛盾修饰法在餐厅里我同另外三个男人围坐在一张桌子旁，而劳拉同一对夫妇及他们的女儿一块儿坐在离我不远的地方。
第四册精读paraphrase Unit1—5
Unit 11. Nature had endowed the rest of the human race with a sixth sense and left me out.英释：2. You could hear the wind, trapped in his chest and struggling with all the unnatural impediments. His body would reel with shock and his face go white at the unaccustomed visitation. He would stagger back to his desk and collapse there, useless for the rest of the morning.英释：You could hear that the fresh air had to struggle with difficulty to find its way to his chest, because he was unaccustomed to this as his lungs had been harmed by drinking. His body would lose balance and his face would become pale as a result of the unexpected visit of the wind. He would go back to his desk unsteadily and fall into the chair, unable to do anything for the rest of the morning.3. In this instance, he seemed to me ruled not by thought but by an invisible and irresistible spring in the neck.英释:Mr. Houghton’s deeds told me that he was not ruled by thought, instead, he would feel a strong urge to turn his head and look at the girls.4. Technically, it is about as proficient as most businessmen’s golf, as honest as most politicians’intentions, or as coherent as most books that get written.英释：Technically speaking, it is as skillful as most businessmen’s golf playing, as honest as most politicians’ purpose, and as consistent as most books’ content.5. They have immense solidarity. We had better respect them, for we are outnumbered and surrounded.英释：As they are everywhere and so daunting in number that we’d better not offend them.6. Man enjoys agreement as cows will graze all the same way on the side of a hill.英释：Humans enjoy following the crowd as it can bring them peace, security, comfort and harmony, which is like cows eating grass on the same side of a hill.7. To hear our Prime Minister talk about the great benefit we conferred on India by jailing people like Nehru and Gandhi. To hear American politicians talk about peace and refuse to join the League of Nations. Yes, there were moments of delight.英释：Our Prime Minister was a hypocrite to say that the imprisonment of the two major leaders of Free-India Movement—Nehru and Gandhi—was good for India. The American politicians were dissimulators to talk about peace but refuse to join the League of Nations. Those moments made me feel happy.8. I slid my arm around her waist and murmured that if we were counting heads, the Buddhists were the boys for my money. She fled. The combination of my arm and those countless Buddhists was too much for her.英释：I slid my arm around her waist and whispered that if we were talking about number of people who believed in a certain religion, I believed the Buddhists were greater in number. My “indecent” behavior and the daunting number of the Buddhists scared her away.9. It was Ruth all over again. I had some very good friends who stood by me, and still do. But my acquaintances vanished, taking the girls with them.英释：What had happened to Ruth and me now happened again. Although some close friends of mine still stuck by me, my grade-one thinking scared away many of my acquaintances.Unit 21.Bella was the boarding-house lovely, but no one had taken advantage of the fact.英释：Bella was young and pretty and was seen as the beauty of the boarding-house, but no one had shown any particular interest in her.2.He possessed a brain, and since no one understood it when he used it, it was resented.英释：Mr. Penbury was wise, but no one in boarding-house liked him because of that. He was too smart for them, and everybody felt annoyed.3.But Mrs. Mayton never allowed more than three minutes to go by without a word; and sowhen the silence had reached its allotted span, she turned to Penbury and asked.英释：But Mrs. Mayton would not stand any silence for more than three minutes. So when no one spoke within three minutes, she lost patience and turned to ask Penbury.4.“Now, then, don’t take too long thinking of an answer!” glared Mr. Calthrop.英释：“Now, you must give you abili immediately, do not take time to make a story.” glared Mr. Caltrop.5.It found the spot all right.英释：The weapon went through his heart accurately.6.We all know you walk in your sleep.英释：Because you are a sleepwalker, we all know that.7.“But let me suggest that you give the statement to the police with slightly less emphasis.英释：“Mr.Smith, I would advise you not to put so much emphasis on your statement when talking to the police, otherwise you would arouse their suspicions about your story.”8.“No,” I answered. “I’ve come to cure it.”英释：“No,” I answered, “I have come to solve your problem of coughing.”Unit 31.Most students are usually introduced to the study of history by way of a fat textbook andbecome quickly immersed in a vast sea of names, dates, events and statistics.英释：Most students usually begin studying history through a thick textbook in which there are a great number of names, dates, events and statistics for them to remember.2.History, which seemed to be a cut-and-dried matter of memorizing “facts,” now becomes amatter of choosing one good interpretation from among many. Historical truth becomes a matter of personal preference.英释：People used to believe history study was just an effort of memorizing “facts.” Now history means different things to different people, because they choose the best description and interpretation according to their own preferences among those given by historians.3.They cannot help but feel that two diametrically opposed points of view about an event cannotboth be right; yet they lack the ability to decide between them.英释:They cannot help feeling that two absolutely opposite ideas about an event cannot both be correct, but they do not have the ability to judge which one is right.4.They will read of the interception of the “Zimmerman Note,” in which the German foreignsecretary ordered the German minister in Mexico, in the event of war, to suggest an alliance between Germany and Mexico whereby Mexico, with German support, could win back territory taken from Mexico by the United States in the Mexican War.英释：They will come across the historical interception of the “Zimmerman Note.”In that telegraph, the German foreign secretary gave order to German minister in Mexico and asked him to propose an alliance with Mexican Government in case there would be war and to promise that German Government would like to help Mexico win back the land that was taken away fromMexico by the US in the Mexican War.5.Can we eliminate all disagreement? If the state of our knowledge were such that it provided uswith a model of unquestioned validity that completely explained human behavior, we can.英释：We van get rid of all disagreements if our knowledge could give us a perfect model that completely explained human behavior. Unfortunately, such model does exist.Unit 51. He treated Nerys like—well, there were times when—not just me, you understand…We all could have done.英释：The man Nerys was engaged to left her after she had become disfigured. But before the bank raid, he behaved like a lover. Many man, not just me, could have done the same if we had engaged with her.2. This man…treated her as only a handsome man can treat a beautiful woman.英释：This man loved her only because she was beautiful. So he left her when she was no longer beautiful.3. We used to…When we were…英释:We used to love this music when we in love.4.I’m sorry.英释：I’m sorry about what happened to Nerys.5.Sorry. I didn’t mean to…英释：I didn’t mean to hurt you by offering money, because I know it’s impossible for us to compensate in any way for the distress and suffering that Nerys and you have gone through.6.Or is it because it’s us who are offering?英释：You don’t accept our help only because Vic was responsible for her suffering?7.You stick with him. You stick with Vic. If you’re looking for heroes.英释：You are with a hero if you are looking for a hero and that’s Vic rather than me, so don’t leave him.8.…and I love him so much, Mrs Parks, and I’m ever so sorry…英释：I love Vic very much. I feel guilty about this because Vic is your husband.9.Sharon, it’s a passing thing, I promise.英释：Sharon, I can assure you that this experience is transient and won’t last long. We all have the feeling when we are young.10.You never hear good about yourself, do you?英释：You never hear people speak ill of you, do you? People gossip about you.11.You know bloody well what you’ve done to her…英释：You know clearly that you have been hurting her.12.I am not being shouted at.英释：Beware of your manners. Stop shouting at me!13.If she dies, Vic, If that girl dies…英释：If Sharon gets drowned, you will be held responsible.14.Right. There is about to be some serious damage done, I can tell you…英释：I will make you pay what you have done to me. You will be punished for what you have done to me.15.No, Sharon, I’d rather you…英释：Sharon, you’d better not do anything. You have done enough to him.。
expressionssentence
Gilbert Highet presented by Song Xini
Diogenes and Alexander
Gilbert Highet
About the Author About the Text
introduction /structure of the text word study /expressions/sentence paraphrase
About the Text
Word StuBiblioteka ysatirize: vt. to use satire to make fun of people’s faults e.g. a play satirizing the fashion industry satire satirical convert: v [to] to change or make someone change their opinion, belief or habit. e.g. I have converted to decaffeinated coffee. convert sb to sth e.g. e.g. My daughter finally converted me to Gun ‘n’ Roses.
About the Text Word Study
mischievous adj. playing tricks on people or doing things to annoying or embarrass them e.g. e.g. a mischievous look/smile/trick a mischievous letter/rumor mischief n. mischief-maker: mischief-maker: n. person who deliberately cause trouble or discord abuse n. : rude, angry, and offensive words
Unit 15 word
Unit 15 No signposts in the seaDifficult sentences and language features1.have an eye for:to appreciate, understand, to be able to judgeeg. He never had much of an eye for modern sculpture.2.take to:to be engaged ine.g. He took to column writing right after the graduation.He took to drinking after he lost his job. ( to be indulged in)3.midnight blue: very dark blue4.improbably: surprising and slightly strange5.beguile: to interest and attract someone, to pass time pleasantly6.he used to read me: read my articles7.deferential: respectful 恭顺deference: polite behavior that shows that you respect someoneand are therefore willing to accept their opinions or judgment8.prefacing: beginning9.proceed: continue to do10.topical :a subject that is topical is interesting because it is important at the present timetopical subject/issue/theme etce.g. a new TV comedy dealing with topical issuestopical jokes (=jokes about topical subjects)11.domestic or foreign policy:policy about domestic affairs or foreign affairs12.by no means: not at allopp. by all means13.ill-informed: ignorant;opp. well-informed14. opinionated: expressing very strong opinions about thingsholding one’s opinions without changing it; conservativee.g. I found him very arrogant and opinionated.15. concern: something that is important to you or that involves youe.g. topics of concern to television viewers16.to the exclusion: as to keep out17.gluttonously: greedily18.releasing some suppressed inclination which in fact was always latent.release: set free,opp. suppressed;inclination: liking, wish;latent: existing but inactive, unconscious or unintentional, yet to be developed.Now he had the chance to do what he always liked or wished to do.19. dismissive: refuse to admit, view with contempt20.spare no regrets for: feel no regrets at all for;spare: refrain from, omit, avoid using21.freeze me with contempt: strike me, keep me motionless, unable to speak22.A hard materialism was my creed, accepted as a law of progress:I firmly believe in materialism which in my opinion representsthe law of human progress.23.any ascription of disinterested motives aroused not only my suspicionbut my scorn:When people attribute their unselfish motive to their actionsI suspected them and viewed them with contempt.24.flattered oneself that: to hold self-satisfying or self-deluding believe that25.I am gloriously and adolescently silly:I am delightfully and childishly silly.gloriously: delightfully, enjoyablyadolescently: youthful, immature, unsettled26.calf-love: immature love, puppy love27.into the bargain: in addition, moreover28.I want my fill of beauty before I go:Before I die, I want to enjoy beauty to my heart’s content.fill: need to satisfy;e.g. Eat and drink one’s fill29.Clovis: refers to the savage pagan king of the Frands (481-511),who was later converted to Christianity and became a gentleChristian monarch.30.suitable if not seemingly for a virginI think it is suitable although improper to a virgin31.Not a star but might not shoot down:Every single star might come down quickly.32.ocean-going liner远洋客轮33.liberated being:a human being freed from all worries, mental pressure, human frailties, etc.34.all weight lifted from limbs: I felt weightless35.I’m one with the night: I am part of night. I’m absorbed by night.36.pantheism: the doctrine that God is not a personality (as in Christianity)but that all laws, forces, manifestations, etc, of the self-existing universe are God.37.frailties: weakness38.score off my neighbor:to defeat my neighbor in competitions.Similar expression: to keep up with the Joneses39.voluptuousnes s: luxurious sensational pleasure40.pious people: those who have strong devotion to religious belief41.the confessional: a small, enclosed place in a church,where a priest hears confessions42.absolution: a remission of sin; specifically, in the Roman Catholic Church,such remission is formally given by a priest, gaining pardon, forgiveness43.The stars seemed little cuts in the black cover, through which a bright beyondwas seen.Beyond: whatever is beyond or far away;something that lies beyond; distant, far away places44.a way of putting things: describing, expressing, explaining45.precipitous: dangerously high and steep46.rising sheer out of sea: almost vertical steep47.forbidding and unapproachable: looking dangerous and disagreeable48.featureless: without special characteristics49.recesses: inner place, remote secret50.mortal: some ordinary person51.he gets relieved every so often: he is replaced by othersso that he can be free from jobevery so often: sometimesAn inspector comes round every so often to check the safety equipment.The silence was broken every so often by the sound of guns in the distance.52.a few odd fish: stupid person53.There is a touch of rough poetry about him.There is a trace of simple poetic quality in his character54.out-of-the-way information: unusual, strange news55.impart: to give information56.put me right: correct me57.there is quite a lot of lore stored away in the Colonel’s otherwise not veryinteresting mindhis mind is full of knowledge though on the other handhe is not a very interesting person58.serenity: peacefulness59.espy: catch sight of60.all to themselves: all belong to themselves61.the peak of a submarine mountain range, lonely (unpopulated),unblemished (unspoiled).62.appropriate them: take for one’s own use without permission63.a small manageable domain: a territory under a ruler64.in a large unmanageable world:unmanageable: difficult to control or deal with65.no more than: only, just66.unless indeed it be: unless it should be67.should I return to find it waiting for me: If I should return …68.save: prep. excepte.g. Little is known about his early life, save that he had a brother.She answered all the questions save one.69.incommunicable: hard to express70.quirks: coincidence71.private mind: secret mind72.divert myself: direct my attention to something else73.idyllic: pleasing, simple, picturesque74.with a vengeance: to a greater degree than usualwith great force or more effort than beforee.g. The music started up again with a vengeance.This is new Edmund Carr with a vengeance.This is a completely new Edmund Carr75. catch:a quantity of fish that has been caught at one time76. self-contained: 自给自足的complete and not needing other things or help from somewhere else to worke.g. self-contained communitya self-contained apartment has its own kitchen and bathroom77. fallacy: a false idea or belief, misconceptione.g. Don't believe the fallacy that money brings happiness.78. indolence: idleness, laziness79. port of call: a port one ship stops80. exhilarated: feeling extremely happy, excited。
高级英语第一册课後练习Paraphrase及翻译1-15单元
第一课1.Little donkeys make their way among the pushing crowd of people and go through them.2.Then as you walk deeper into the market , the noise of the entrance slowly disappears and you come to the quiet cloth-market.3.They reduce the number of their choices and begin to bargain with the seller seriously in order to lower the price.4.He will ask higher price for the item than usual and refuse to reduce the price by any significant amount in the bargaining.5. When you walk close to the copper-smiths’ mar ket, you can hear distinctly the noise of ringing, banging and clashing.1.此时显现在我脑海中的这个中东集市，其入口处是座古老的砖石结构的哥特式拱门。
在炎炎的烈日和耀眼的阳光下，你经过一个大型露天广场，走进一个凉爽、幽暗的洞穴。
2.对顾客来说，不到最后一刻是不能让店主猜到她心里究竟喜欢什么、想买什么的。
3.而对卖主那一方来说，他必须竭尽全力的表示，他开出的价钱使他根本无利可图，而他之所以愿意这样做完全是出于他本人对顾客的敬重。
4.磙轴的一端与一根立柱相连，石磙可以绕立柱转动，另一端则套在一头蒙着眼罩的骆驼身上，通过骆驼不停地绕圈子走动来带动石磙转动。
Unit 1-5 sentence paraphrase
Paraphrase the sentencesUnit 1▪ 1. We might have gone on like that, the habit of separation hardening into a permanent estrangement. (Para 4)It would be quite possible that the physical separation and emotional breach between us would further widen and eventually separate us forever.▪ 2. Then Timmy was born, and I felt an unexpected tidal pull back to the islands. (Para 4) My parental love for my newborn baby aroused in me a strong wish to go back to my parents on the islands.▪ 3. Having claimed his hapa haole grandson, my father no longer defined our family by a uniform set of features. (Para 13)My father’s acceptance of his half-Chinese grandson showed that he had become tolerant of ethnic differences and no longer insisted that all his family members should look alike.Unit 21. On that very day, she quit teaching, writing and speaking. Instead, she began to teachchildren. (Para 13)Starting from that very day, she stopped regarding her pupils as mere “objects”of her instruction in reading, writing and speaking. Instead, she treated them as human beings and gave them more care and encouragement.2. …she got another letter, saying that while things had been tough at times, he’d stayedin school, had stuck with it,... (Para 17)…She got another letter which told her that, although he had had difficulties occasionally, he had kept moving on in school and had never given up ...Unit 31.But that took some doing on my part too.(Para. 6)But I also made some efforts to adjust myself.2.…Which hasn’t always been easy, given that I’m sometimes an actor wrapped up in hisego. ( Para. 8)…which hasn’t always been easy, because I am sometimes too proud of myself as an actor. Unit 41. As a quarterback, the big picture had been the only thing that mattered to me, but as abroadcaster I soon learned it was the small frames that made up the big picture. (Para 17)As a player I only cared about the winning of the game, i.e. the general picture of it, while as a broadcaster I soon learned that it was the detail,i.e. the series of actions taking place on the field that make up the whole view of the game.2. For a man who thought his best talent was throwing an inflated ellipsoid a long way, I’ve been fortunate in my career. (Para 28)I thought my only talent was to play football, but in job transition I have come to realize what I can do best.Unit 51.Their acceptance affirms that self and lets us develop as individuals.(Para.5)Being accepted by our friends makes us feel that we are respected as we are and encourages us to develop in the way we want to.2.…’the only way to have a friend is to be one’. ( Para. 7)Making yourself a friend to others is the only way to win their friendship.。
Paraphrase
ParaphraseUnit 2One of the unintended side effects of the invention of the telephone was that writing went out of style.→ When telephone was invented, no one realized at that time that it would outdate writing.“... and gave their fingers — and sometimes their mind —a rest.”→... and preferred to use the telephone rather than the pen (in a humorous way). “Which makes what‟s happening on the computer networks all the more startling.”→Here “which” is a relativ e pronoun referring to the situation mentioned in the preceding paragraph. The sentence would be grammatically acceptable if it were restructured as “All this makes what‟s happening on the computer networks all the more startling.”“Just when the media of McLuhan were supposed to render obsolete the medium of Shakespeare, the online world is experiencing the greatest boom in letter writing since the 18th century.”→Contrary to what is expected, at a time when the media of McLuhan (e.g. television) were supposed to make the medium of Shakespeare (i.e. letter writing) out of date, letter writing on the Internet is enjoying the greatest development since the 18th century.David Sewell ... likens netwriting to the literary scene Mark Twain discovered in San Francisco in the 1860s, “when people were reinventing journalism by grafting it onto the tall-tale folk tradition.”→ David Sewell compares netwriting to the literary scene Mark Twain discovered in San Francisco in the 1860s, “when journalists were fond o f writing news reports in the traditional tall-tale style.”“For it can be very bad indeed: sloppy, meandering, puerile, ungrammatical, poorly spelled, badly structured and at times virtually content free.”→ For it can be very bad indeed: careless, pointless, childish, with many grammatical and spelling mistakes, and structural mistakes, and sometimes it has no real message or meaning.“... Gerard Van der Leun ... has emerged as one of the preeminent stylists on the Net.”→... Gerard Van der Leun ... has become known as one of the most important stylists on the Internet.“They‟re not to have and hold; they‟re to fire and forget.”→ They are of little literary value, so people write them, send them and forget them. “Many online postings are composed …live‟ with the clock ticking ...”→ Many online postings are written spontaneously, with nopreparation within a very short time ... (i.e. They are improvised under great time pressure.)“... it takes a hell of a lot of work to get published, which naturally weeds out a lot of the garbage.”→... if you want to have your book published, you need to do a lot of work. In this way a lot of untalented writers are prevented from publishing bad works.“But even among the reams of bad poetry, gems are to be found.”→ Even though most of the poems are of bad quality, there are still some really good ones.“He did, and blew them all away.”→ He did publish his poems, and overwhelmed them all.“... a Darwinian survival principle has started to prevail.”→... Darwin‟s survival principle has started to come into effect / gain influence or control.“... writers compose in a kind of collaborative heat, knocking ideas against one another until they spark.”→... writers work in a kind of cooperation by engaging themselves in heated discussions and arguments about different ideas until they come up with really brilliant ones.“Unless they adjust to the new medium, professional writers can come across as self-important blowhards in debates with more nimble networkers.”→If they do not adjust themselves to the medium of netwriting, they can make themselves look conceited and self-important in online debates with more quick-witted and flexible networkers.“Not only has it enfranchised thousands of would-be writers who otherwise might never have taken up the craft, but it has also thrown together classes of people who hadn‟t had much direct contact before…”→It has not only encouraged thousands of potential writers who, without the introduction of the Net, might never have become writers, but has also brought together people of different social backgrounds who hadn‟t had much communication before ...“After all, a lot of everyone‟s daily life is foolish and trivial.”→In spite of everything, our daily life consists mostly of foolish and insignificant things.“I mean, really, smileys?”→ I mean, smileys are really foolish and trivial.“Housewives in Des Moines who log on as VIXEN?”→ Can we take seriously the writing of housewives who live in a less-known place such as Des Moines and use VIXEN as their user name?“But it would be a mistake ... to underestimate the effect a lifetime of dashing off E-mail will have on a generation of y oung writers.”→ But a generation of young writers who will spend their whole lifetime dashing off E-mail is bound to be affected by it, and it would be a mistake ... to underestimate this effect.“One suspects that the Bard himself, confronted with the I nternet, might have dived right in and never logged off.”→ We suspect that if Shakespeare had had access to the Internet, he might have stayed online all the time and never logged off.Unit 41.“But as the briefing session wore on, I did manage to garner most of the relevant details.”→ Though I listened absent-mindedly to the stranger who was telling me about his daughter‟s college plans, I managed to grasp most of the important information in his speech.2.“with other college-bound children in the fami ly queue”→ with a number of children in the family who are going to college one after another in a few years3.“Her degree would put her within striking distance of the yellow brick road, but not physically on the road itself.”→ After she graduates from a second-class university, she will be close to the path to success, though not directly on it, but still there will be a gap between.4.“I told the man that many of my high school classmates had graduated from the second-tier university in question an d had gone on to live rich, full lives.”→I told the man that many of my high school classmates had graduated from the second-class university his daughter would be attending, and now they are all livingfull and fruitful lives.5.“I told him that I myse lf had graduated from a second-echelon Philadelphia university not unlike the one his daughter was entering, and had managed to carve out a nice little niche for myself.”→I told him that I myself had graduated from a second-class university in Philadelphia, just like the one his daughter was entering, and had managed to establish quite a successful career for myself.6.“Though he tried to feign interest in my pathetic curriculum vitae, I could see that he was devastated.”→ Though he acted as if he was interested in my pitiable CV, I could see that he was upset.7.“…he was devastated…”→... he was extremely upset and worried8.“I know whereof I speak.”→ I know what I speak of9.“... every dark cloud has a silver lining.”→a proverb, meaning “... every trouble has something hopeful in it.”10.“On this subject, I am completely lapped out..”→ I have no interest in this subject at all.“Be lapped out” means “be eliminated in a race.”11.“This lack of interest does not ste m from pure selfishness or unalloyed contempt for other people‟s offspring.”→ The reason why I am not interested in it is not because I am selfish or look down upon other people‟s children.Unit 6“Travel is like adultery: one is always tempted to be unfaithful to one‟s own country.”→ Travel is like infidelity between married people, but here one is always lured into going out to see other countries.“... we are lovers looking for consummation.””→Here the word “consummation means “fulfillment and perfection,” which implies that we are dissatisfied with what we have.“Only while traveling can we appreciate age”→ Only while traveling can we recognize the value of age.“When we travel, we put aside our defenses our anxiety, and invite regression.”→ When we travel, we are not so much on the alert .../less wary of what might happen to us, instead we show keen interest in what happened in the past. “cultivate our hysteria”→ release our desires that have long been suppressed“We‟re going to see in Europe everything we have eliminated or edited out of our own culture in the name of convenience ...”→We‟re going to see in Europe everything we have removed out of o ur own culture for the sake of convenience ...“At home, we impersonate ourselves ...”→ At home, we are always masked. We dare not show others our real selves ... “The influence of the church, the traditional pattern of life, the lack of money and leisure had all restrained curiosity until the seventeenth century, when under pressure of scientific discoveries, the physical world began to gape open.”→ The power of the church, the traditional life style, the lack of money and spare time, all these factors had inhibited or suppressed our curiosity until the seventeenth century. Then, the world began to open to travel due to scientific discoveries. “Travel arrived together with sophistication ...”→ Travel became popular when people became sophisticated ...“Something of the Crusades survives in the modern traveler ...”→In the modern traveler there is still the desire to conquer ...“... only his is a personal crusade, an impulse to go off and fight certain obscure battles of his own spirit.”→ ... but his battle is a personal one, motivated by a desire to leave his own country and to fight some personal spiritual battles.“There is a recurrent desire to drop our lives, to simply walk out of them.”→There is a persistent desire to abandon our normal lives, and to experience something totally different.“feeling of disengagement, of irresponsible free association”→ feeling of freedom and release“when life comes out of doors”→ When we go out to travel, life seems to come back.“The places we visit are gold-plated by the sun.”→ The places we visit always look so gorgeous in the sunshine.“with its clichés stuck in our teeth”→ with its trite words and expressions being uttered again and again between our teeth“It‟s like having our ears cleaned out.”→It‟s as if our ears were cleaned out, because they don‟t have to listen to all those clichés.“Because we travel for so many reasons —some of them contradictory —travel writing is like a suitcase into which t he writer tries to cram everything.”→Because we travel for so many reasons —some of the reasons are very different from each other — travel writing is like a suitcase into which the writer tries to stuff everything.“... it‟s a continual tasting, the expression of a nostalgia for the particular.”→ it (travel writing) enables readers to recall those particular events or people that they meet while traveling and cherish them in their memories.“The earliest travelers went to see marvels ...”→ The earliest travelers went to see amazing things ...“Travel writing has become a quintessentially modern thing, the present regretting the past.”→ Travel writing has become a typically modern thing, the present grieving over the past.“We travel like insurance appraisers, assessing the damage”→We travel like insurance appraisers, trying to see how much damage has been done to the places.“the sense of place giving way to placelessness”→the feeling that all places have lost their distinctive features“... every slippage of culture would provoke its peculiar literature.”→... any slight changes of culture would produce some particular travel writing.“He underestimated the variousness of our reasons for traveling.”→He failed to foresee that people travel for so many different reasons.“to find rationalizations for their anxiety or despair”→ to find some reasons and justification for their anxiety or despair“to cover their disillusionment with labels, as steamer trunks used to be covered with them”→ to invent some names or expressions for their disillusionment, as people used to put labels onto trunks on steamshipsWhy else would Paul Theroux go to South America, which he so obviously detested?→ If not, then why would Paul Theroux go to South America, which he hated so much?Instead of the classical ruins of antiquity, we now have places that are merely “ruined.”→ Instead of those classical relics of the ancient times, wenow have places that are badly destroyed.“It‟s a negative sublime ...”→Travelers elicit from awfulness a feeling of delight and grandeur which is opposite to the feeling commonly associated with classical ruins of antiquity ... “The centrifugal tendency turns centripetal ...”→When we travel, we normally move out to see the exotic world, but now the traveler himself becomes something exotic in the place he visits ...“...Philip Glazebrook seems to have visited several unappealing villages in Turkey simply for the irony of being there.”→.. Philip Glazebrook seems to have visited several villages in Turkey which are neither attractive nor interesting. But he went there simply because he wanted to be there, not because he was attracted to those villages.“Irony is the contemporary traveler‟s drip-dry shirt.”→For the modern traveler irony has become something very common, just like a drip-dry shirt.“... is a place where he himself can stand out in absolute relief.”→... is a place where he himself is the only thing prominent. In other words, he sees only himself instead of the place.“Perhaps in the future we shall have to travel like James Holman, who, after being invalided out of the British navy because he had gone blind, set out in 1819 to see the world.”→Perhaps in the future we shall have to travel like James Holman, who, after being forced to leave the British navy because he had gone blind, started traveling in 1819 to see the world.“Since he could not see, people often invited Holman to squeeze things as a way of perceiving them ...”→Since he could not see, people often asked Holman to feel things with his hands, so that he knew what they were like ...“He has to squeeze the places he visits, until they yield something, anything.”→He has to explore the places hard until they become meaningful to him.Unit8“when to hold fast and when to let go”→ when to grasp something in your hand firmly and when to release it“For life is a paradox: it enjoins us to cling to its many gifts even while it ordains their eventual relinquishment.”→ For life is a paradox: On one side, it encourages us to hold on to all those beautiful things it can offer us, on the other side, it commands us to let all of them go in the end.Surely we ought to hold fast to life, for it is wondrous, and full of a beauty that breaks through every pore of the earth.”→ We must value every day we live, for it is surprisingly good, and from every little hole on the earth something beautiful springs up.We remember a beauty that faded, a love that waned.”→We‟ll alwa ys remember a beauty that dimmed or a love that diminished.“The required machines were located in a building at the opposite end of the hospital, so I had to be wheeled across the courtyard on a gurney.”→I was pushed across the courtyard on a gurney to the other side of the hospital where the necessary equipment was, in order to take some tests.“... the sunlight hit me.”→ ... the sunlight suddenly shone upon me with force.Notice the word “hit”. It c arries the meaning of affecting someone with considerable force.That‟s all there was to my experience.”→ That is the only thing I experienced at that moment — the sunlight.Then I remembered how often I, too, had been indifferent to the grandeur of each day, too preoccupied with petty and sometimes even mean concerns to respond to the splendor of it all.”→ Then I remembered how often I, too, had ignored the magnificence of each day, since I was too busy with insignificant and even unpleasant things.The insight gleaned from that experience is really as commonplace as was the experience itself: life‟s gifts are precious —but we are too heedless of them.”→ What we have learned from that experience is, in fact, nothing unusual: Life is full of wonderful experiences, but we seldom give them the attention they deserve. Never be too busy for the wonder and the awe of life.”→We should always manage to squeeze some time out of our daily routine to show respect to the marvels and wonders of life.Hold f ast to life ... but not so fast that you cannot let go.”→ Cherish every day we live ... but when it is time to give things up, we should be able to do so.But then life moves along to confront us with realities, and slowly but surely this second truth d awns upon us.”→ But then life goes on and we have to face realities. Little by little, we are sure to become aware of the second truth.At every stage of life we sustain losses —and grow in the process.”→ At every stage of life we suffer losses — and we mature because of the losses. “... when we emerge from the womb and lose its protective shelter.”→... when we are born and lose the protection of our mother‟s womb.enter a progression of schools”→ enter schools one after another in a progressive way (from kindergarten to college) “... as the parable of the open and closed hand suggests ...”→Here the author refers to the saying of the rabbis in ancient times mentioned in Paragraph 1.But why sho uld we be reconciled to life‟s contradictory demands?”→But why should we be prepared to accept life‟s paradoxical demands?In order to resolve this paradox, we must seek a wider perspective, viewing our lives as through windows that open on eternity.”→ In order to get to the bottom of this paradox, we must try to see further and wider. Then we‟ll be able to realize that human life is something that can last for ever.The institutions we build endure, and we will endure through them.”→The social systems and customs we create will continue to exist, and thus ourinfluence also.“Our flesh may perish, our hands will wither, but that which they create in beauty and goodness and truth lives on for all time to come.”→Our body may die, our hands will become dry and decay, but the beauty, the goodness, and the truth that they have created will continue to exist for eternity. Pursue not so much the material as the ideal, for ideals alone invest life with meaning and are of enduring worth.”→ Do not put too much value on the material, because only ideals can add meaning to life and be of lasting value.Add justice to the far-flung round of human endeavor and you have civilization”→ We will have civilization, if we add justice to our continuous efforts far and wide. “... you have a future lighted with the radiant colors of hope.”→ ... you have a bright future full of hope.Unit 12“In various attractions, visitors seem to float through the human body and through DNA ...”→In various attractive sections of Disney World, visitors seem to move through the human body and through DNA in an enchanted way ...“On the thrill rides, they defy gravity, moving at speeds and in ways that seem to violate what common sense tells them should be possible.”→When taking the exciting rides on those machines, they act against gravity, moving at such a fast speed that it is almost impossible to turn to their common sense for an explanation.“On the thrill rides, they defy gravity, moving at speeds and in ways that seem to violate what common sense tells them should be possible.”→When taking the exciting rides on those machines, they act against gravity, moving at such a fast speed that it is almost impossible to turn to their common sense for an explanation.“The effect i s not unlike participating in a 365-day-a-year holiday, in which negative emotions are banished from life.”→The effect is just like celebrating a round-the-year holiday, from which all negative emotions are dismissed.“...we go on a journey through symbo lic worlds that are objective and material, but seemingly as weightless, carefree and fantastic as the imagination.”→... Disney World has constructed a physical environment that enables us to entertainourselves with the vision that we are living in weightless, carefree and fantastic worlds.“... in the modern age we are witnessing the disenchantment of the world ...”→... in the modern times, we see with our own eyes that people believe less and less in magic ...“an updated version of contemporary romance stories”→a new model of the contemporary type of story that is characterized by wonderful and extraordinary events“... one day we will go into outer space or travel freely across the globe or evolve a perfect society ...”→... one day we will be able to enter outer space or travel freely across the earth or develop a perfect society ...“the ultimate showcase for the way technology will lead to transcendence of the mundane world”→the best place to demonstrate the way technology will lead us beyond the limits of the mundane world“... it reveals a “postmodern” promise that has emerged out of modernism ...”→“Modernism” indicates a style or movement in arts that aims to break with classical and traditional forms. This sentence means that it presents us with a “postmodern” promise that has come out of modernism.“... if the great myth or …meta-story‟ of America is the story of progress, then Disney World is a place that masquerades as the happy ending ... ”→... if the great story of American success is the story of progress, then Disney World seems to pretend to be its happy ending ...“undoes the fallen state of nature, society and ourselves”→reverses/changes the situation into which nature, society and ourselves have declined“were ... put into practice in small communities”→were ... carried out by small groups of people“... Disney World falsifies our desire for a better world ... ”→...Disney World misrepresents our desire for a better world ...“regress to a state of happiness before the fall from childhood”→retreat to a happy and innocent period before the end of childhood and the beginning of sophistication and moral decline“with simplified visions of life that filter out the difficult truths of the self and society”→with simplified images of life from which all the difficult truths of the self and society have been removed“The contradictions inherent in Disney World are deepened ...”→The intrinsic contradictions of Disney World are intensified ...“In Disney, we see the ultimate attempt to rely on technology ...”→In Disney, they are going to the extreme of trying to do everything with modern technology ...Unit 2 Bards of the Internet1.电话的发明，产生了一个始料不及的后果，书写过时了。
Sentence Paraphrase
Questions for discussion1、Why Mr. Penbury say that got everyone′s attention? What his purpose by doing this?He announced that Mr. Wainwright is dead, which shocked everyone except Miss Wicks.He might feel too bored at such an evening hour and tried to stir up some interest to kill time, so he can be described as the director of this little melodrama.2、What was Mr. Penbury′s suggestion? What effect did he want to cultivate?He told them he had phoned the police and proposes that they consider their alibis while waiting for the police to come.By directing a general rehearsal of their alibis, he tried to arouse everybody’s attention and created an atmosphere of tension and horror, which might be better than boredom.Sentence Paraphrase1、Penbury always had a chilling effect. (Para. 13)---His appearance tended to make peoplestop talking immediately.2、He possessed a brain, and since no one understood it when he used it, it was resented.(Para. 13)---Mr. Penbury was intelligent, but no one in the boarding-house liked him for that. He was too smart for them, and everybody felt annoyed.3、But Mrs. Mayton never allowed more than three minutes to go by without a word; and sowhen the silence had reached its allotted span ( the time given for a particular purpose), she turned to Penbury and asked: ( Para.13) ----Mrs. Mayton would not tolerate any silence for more than three minutes. So no one broke the silence within three minutes, she lost her patience and turning to Penbury, asked.to possess a brain: intelligentto resent: vt. 对…感到愤怒He resented his friend's remark.(他怨恨他朋友所说的话.) to go by: to passto span: n.①跨度, 跨径The bridge has a span of 100 meters.（这座桥跨度为一百米。
Lesson 15 No Signpost in the Sea
Lesson Fifteen:No Signposts in the Sea___By V. Sackville -westI. Additional Background Knowledge1. About the author:( 9 March 1892 – 2 June 1962 )Victoria MarySackville-west was anEnglish poet and novelist.She was born in KnoleHouse, Kent, UK. She wasa descendant of LordTreasurer ThomasSackville, who is the cousinof Queen Elizabeth I.In 1913 she married diplomat Harold Nicolson (1886-1968), and they traveled extensively during his years in the foreign office. In London she was a member of the Bloomsbury group of literary and artistic friends including Virginia Woolf. Lytton Strachey, E.M. Foster and others.In the 1920s Sackville-West became romantically involved with the writer, Virginia Woolf, who celebrated this love affair in the novel Orlando(1928). Dedicated to Sackville-West, the book traces the history of the youthful, beautiful, and aristocratic Orlando, and explores the themes of sexual ambiguity. This was followed by her novels, The Edwardians(1930), All Passion Spent(1931) and The Dark Island(1934).She was famous for herexuberant aristocratic life,her strong marriage, andher passionate affair with novelist Virginia Woolf. Sackville-West's first published works were a collection of poems, Powers of West and East(1917). Her long poem The Land won the Hawthornden Prize in 1927. She also wrote the novel Heritage (1919)Personal life, marriage and bisexuality (Bit of profligacy )In 1913, Sackville-West married Harold Nicolson, and the couple moved to Cospoli, Constantinople(君士但丁堡of Turkey). Nicolson was at different times a diplomat, journalist, broadcaster, Member of Parliament, author of biographies and novels and also bisexual in what would now be called an open marriage. Both Sackville-West and her husband had consecutive same-sex relations.(gay, lesbian)These were no impediment(obstacle) to a true closeness between Sackville-West and Nicolson, as is seen from their nearly daily correspondence (published after their deaths by their son Nigel), and from an interview they gave for BBC radio after World War II. Nicolson gave up his diplomatic career partly so that he couldlive with Sackville-West in England, uninterrupted by long solitary postings to missions abroad.They returned to England in 1914 and bought Long Barn, in Kent.The couple had two children:Nigel, also a politician and writer; and Benedict, an art historian. In the 1930s, the family acquired and moved to Sissinghurst Castle, near Cranbrook, in Kent.Her main writings(Prolific Writer)1) The land(1926): It‟s a long poem,which was praised as one of themost beautiful bucolic/idyllic inEnglish literature ant wonHawthorndon prize.2) The Garden(1946), won theHeinemann prize3) The Edwardians (1930), a novel.（爱德华时代的人）4) All passion spent (1931), a novel(激情耗尽)5) The Eagle and the Dove (1943)6) Another World than This (1945)(an anthology)7) No Signposts in the Sea (1961)2. Styles and Influence:1) Sackville–west’s novels are more widely known, yet her poetry may prove to be more enduring: there is a depth of feeling and perception in the best of her poems, a quality at once stately and moving. Her prose is of consistently in high quality, supple clear, and craftsman-like, viewed as one of Britain‟s p romising young writers in the 1920‟s. She is now regarded famous for her personality as much as for her writing.She is a prolific writer, the author of 15 novels, as well as biographies and travel books.2) About the novel:“No Signposts in the Sea”(1) The novel with144-pages is in theform of a journal kept by a man calledEdmund Carr, 50 years old, aninfluential political columnist and abachelor. He learns that he has alimited time to live___ a few weeks, amonth or two at most. How will hespend them? In this dilemma/(quandary, predicament), he met awidow_ Ms. Laura by chance,whohas booked on a cruise / trip to theFar East. Laura, the widow‟s warmth,and intelligence struck him. Therefore,he decided to board the ship.(2) While sailing at sea, Carr was full ofemotions, such as: the undercurrentsadness, the idyllic feelings, therelease from pressure, the dullrhythms of ship life, the enticing /(luring) scenery. Later he fell in lovewith the Window Laura.(3) Edmund Carr grows love for Laurathough he knows it is impossible toget her. Simultaneously, a handsomecolonel also shows great interest inLaura, which makes Carr feel jealous,despairing, and an outburst ofdisappointment against his “rival”.3) Styles: This story (a short novel) showsa romantic love affair. The cruise onthe sea is full of imagination, lyric,and idyllic.(1) Attitudes: __ more critical than praise/commendation;__ more pessimistic than optimistic. (2) Diary __ prose.3. Rhetorical Devices:1. transferred epithet;2. personification3. simile4. Pre-reading Questions1) What pleasure does Edmund Carr getby observing Laura without her knowing it?2) Does Carr appreciate natural beauty?3) Why does Carr like islands?4) What kind of coastline does he like?II. : Detailed study of the text1. She wears soft rich colours.__ It means her dress is in deep, intense colors such as dark red, olive green. Rich: = banquet (luxurious, sumptuous ) ~ wine (full of strength & flavor )~ odors (very fragrant;Cf: flagrant =notorious)~ soil (fertile , yielding in abundance ) 2. The Colonel, who is not too offensively an Empire-builder, sometimes tries to talk to me about public affairs.___The Colonel, an Empire-builder who is not too disgustingly aggressive,sometimes tries to talk to me aboutpublic affairs.3.He says he used to read me(metonymy), and is ……charming deferential= to read my writings /articles metonymy: I like Shakespeare(his works ).__I find Saul Bellow very difficult tounderstand.= ( a U.S novelist. 1915- )4. (1) ill-informedeg. ill-bred, (considered, defined , mannered , treated,)(2) and just about ……anybody could go--- just about as conservative as anybody could be . (极端保守)5. I observe with amusement how totally the concerns of the world, which once absorbed me to the exclusion of all else …to the extent of a bored distaste. __I was once so completely absorbed in the important affairs of the world, anddevoted all my attention to it so that I only have one rest by reading poetry and listening to music. But now, I found amusingly that the world affaires are just some boring distaste.To the exclusion of=To do sth. only; without concerningother things.Eg: __ He plays golf to the exclusion of all other sports.__ Never concentrate all your attention on one or two problem, to theexclusion of others.Trans:我有趣的发现，自己过去偶尔借诗歌或音乐消遣放松一下，一心专注的世界大事现在不仅索然无味，而且到了令人厌烦的地步。
unit 15 sentence patterns
逆) at school, but it was probably because I ____________________ Lacked confidence in myself （缺乏自信）。
13.他第一t time he walked into my class, he was dragging his school bag behind him and looking bored. 14.我妻子常常希望我选择的是一份压力小点儿的工作， 但 是我热爱我所做的一切。 My wife often wishes that I had chosen a job with less stress but I love what I do. being (be) a teacher is that you 15. The thing about ______ have access to children’s minds (进入孩子们的思想) _________________________ when they are open and eager to learn. 16.我们如何获得 知识以及如 何理解现在似乎很显而易见。 It seems obvious now how we acquire knowledge and understanding. 17.他们常常被教会惩罚却没人来为他们辩护。 They were often punished by the church with no one coming to their defence.
They didn’t want to challenge what they had always thought was true.
20.所有的真理一旦被发现都很容易被人理解，关 键是要去发现真理。
现代大学英语精读基础英语paraphrase
现代大学英语精读基础英语paraphraseU n i t1T e x tⅠT h i n k i n g a s a H o b b y Paraphrases of the Text1.The leopard was Nature, and he was being natural.(3)The leopard symbolizes Nature,which stands for all animal needs or desires.美洲豹象征着自然，它在那里显得很自然而已。
2.Nature had endowed the rest of the human race with a sixth sense andleft me out.(15)Everybody, except me ,is born with the ability to thin大自然赋予其余的所有的人第六感觉却独独漏掉了我。
3.You could hear the wind trapped in the cavern of his chest andstruggling with all the unnatural impediments. His body would reelwith shock and his ruined face go white at the unaccustomed visitation.(19)你能听到风被他的胸腔堵住，遇到障碍物艰难前进发出的声音。
他的身体因为不习惯这样的感觉而摇摇晃晃，脸色变得惨白。
4.In this instance, he seemed to me ruled not by thought but by aninvisible and irresistible spring in his neck.(20)Mr. Houghton’s deeds told me that he was not ruled by thought, instead, he would feel a strong urge to turn his head and look at the girls.在这种情况下，我认为他不是受思想，而是受他后颈里某个看不到却无法抗拒的发条的控制。
高级英语Lesson 15 No Signposts in the Sea 课后练习及答案教程文件
高级英语L e s s o n15 N o S i g n p o s t s i n t h e S e a课后练习及答案EXERCISES 15Ⅰ. Give brief answers to the following questions, using your own words as much as possible:1) What pleasure does Edmund Carr get by observing Laura without her knowing it? What compliment does he pay her?2) Does Carr appreciate natural beauty? Was he always like that?3) What effect does the moon and the cool water of the swimming pool have on him?4) What kind of coastline does he like? Why?5) Who is in charge of the lighthouse? Does he like his job?6) Why does Edmund Carr like islands?7) Why does he say: "God, is there no escape from suffering and sin? "8) What is the 'green flash'?Ⅱ. Paraphrase:1) The Colonel, who is not too offensively an Empire builder, sometimes tries to talk to me about public affairs2) Or maybe Laura's unwitting influence has called it out.3) Dismissive as a Pharisee, I regarded as moonlings all those whose life was lived on a less practical plane.4) And now see how I stand, as sentimental and sensitive as any old maid doing water-colours of sunsets!5) I want my fill of beauty before I go.6) Thus, I imagine, must the pious feel cleansed on leavingthe confessional after the solemnity of absolution.7) there is a touch of rough poetry about him8) I like also the out-of-the-way information which he imparts from time to time without insistence9) I suspect also that there is quite a lot of lore stored away in the Colonel's otherwise not very interesting mind.10) This is the new Edmund Carr with a vengeance.Ⅲ.Translate the following into Chinese:1) What I like best are the stern cliffs, with ranges of mountains soaring behind them, full of possibilities, peaks to be scaled only by the most daring. What plants of the high alti tudes grow unravished among their crags and valleys? So do I let my imagination play over the recesses of Laura's character, so austere in the foreground but nurturing what treasures of tenderness, like delicate flowers, for the discovery of the venturesome.2) In all this serenity of ocean it is seldom that we espy so much as another ship; the jolly dolphins and the scratchy little flying-fish have the vast circle all to themselves, 'the Flying Fish, who has a part with the birds, ' and doubtless are glad to see the last of the monster which bears us into and out of sight. Our wake closes up and we might never have been. But it does happen from time to time that an island appears on the horizon, nameless to us and full of mystery, the peak of a submarine mountain range , lonely, unblemished, re mote. Does one like islands because one unconsciously appropriates them, a small manageable domain in a large unmanageable world? I cannot tell why it should give me suck a queer sensation to reflect that that island has always been there (unless indeed it be no more than the work of the patient coral) and will be there still, should I return to find it waiting for me.IV. Look up the dictionary for the following loan words. Try to find out from what languages they are borrowed and then put theminto Chinese.Model: creme de menthe-- (法) 薄荷酒1) ad hoe 2) blitzkrieg3) skoal 4) charg6 d'affairs5) concerto 6) coup d'dtat7) d6eor 8) detente9) hors d oeurves 10) intermezzo11) kimono 12) kowtow13) kulak 14) macho15) smorgasbord 16) status quo17) fiesta 18) rajah19) emir 20)eurekaⅤ.Make sentences with the following words using the parts of speech indicated in the brackets:1) fill (v. n. ) 6) range (n. v. )2) ripple (n. v. ) 7) beach (n. v. )3) marble (n. v. ) 8) catch (v. n. )4 ) pile (n. v. ) 9) hump (n. v. )5) touch (v. n. ) 10) obscure (adj. v. )Ⅵ.pick out from the text all th e words and phrases describing colours.Ⅶ.Replace the italicized words with simple, everyday words or expressions"1) and thus beguile ourselves for an hour or so after dinner ( )2) prefacing his remarks by 'Of course it's not for me to suggest to you' ( )3) I regarded as moonlings all those whose life was lived on a less practical plane. ( )4) I once flattered myself that I was an adult man. ( )5) or a low-lying arid stretch with miles of white sandy beach ( )6) So do I let my imagination play over the recesses of Laura’s character, so austere in the foreground ( )7) Darkness falls, and there is nothing but the intermittent gleam of a lighthouse on a solitary promontory. ( )8) which he imparts from time to time without insistence ( )9) and it is not a sensation I could expect anyone save Laura to understand ( )10) We gazed, as the ship slid by and the humps receded into darkness and even the lights were obscured by the shoulder of a hill ( ) ( )11) ‘ Vicious viridian’ I say, not to be outdone. ( )12) I would never have believed in the simplde bliss of being, day after day, at sea. ( )Ⅷ. Replace the italicized words or phrases with specific words that appear in the text:1) The teacher tends to fill us with too many facts. ( )2) As the policemen approached on horseback, the demonstratorswent away quickly in different directions. ( )3) The thief moved stealthily along the corridor. ( )4) The detective inspected the room and wrote somethinghastily in his notebook. ( )5) Prices went up rapidly when the war broke out. ( )6) There is more and more work for me. ( )7.)Some idlers were standing about in a lazy way at the street corner. ( )8) After the tide went back, the kids began to pick shells on the shore. ( )9) On hearing the shot, he quickly put out his hand and took the gun lying on the table. ( )10) She struck him on the face with the palm of her hand. ( )Ⅸ.Point out the metaphors, similes and alliterations used in the text.Ⅹ.Point out the f igures of speech used in the following sentences:1) in the evening she wears soft rich colours ( )2) he says he used to read me ( )3) I want my fill of beauty before I go. ( )4) The young moon lies on her back tonight as is her habit in the tropics, and as, I think, is suitable if not seemly for a virgin. ( )5) and the cool support of the water ( )6) I wondered what mortal controlled it, in what must be oneof the loneliest, most forbidding spots on earth. ( )7) and the sky a tender palette of pink and blue ( )8) I had no temptation to take a flying holiday to the South ( )9) And then I like all the small noises of a ship: the faint creaking, as of the saddle-leather to a horseman riding across turf, the slap of a rope, the hiss of sudden spray. ( )10) but above all I love these long purposeless days in whichI shed all that I have ever been. ( )Ⅺ. Choose the right word from the list given below for each blank. Pay attention to the correct combinations of adverbs and adjectives.disappointed simple beautifulconscious close highobvious inadequate beatenignorant impartial confidentinterested clear jealousexaggerated1) A referee should always try to be strictly __2) The answer is laughably __ when you think it over.3) The rate of income-tax in this country is astronomically4) He was insanely __ of his brother's success. 5) Thechildren played on, blissfully __ of their parents' death. 6) Our host made it painfully __ that we should leave.7) The casualties in the war have been grossly __8) The team played badly and were soundly __9) It was abundantly __ to everyone that he had something on his mind.10) Just before the exam, he appeared to be supremely __ of Success.11) He was bitterly __ when he heard the result.12)The roads are woefully __ and simply can’t meet today’s requirements?13)The bullet passed uncomfortably __ to his head.14)Jim is keenly__ in collecting stamp。
高级英语Lesson_15_No_Signposts_in_the_Sea..
Her best Known Novels Today
• The Edwardians
All Passion Spent
Both were bestsellers and portrayed English upper-class manners and life
• The Land, won the Hawthornden Prize in 1927 • She won it again, becoming the only writer to do so, in 1933 with her Collected Poems. • In 1946 Sackville-West was made a Companion of Honor (名誉勋爵士) for her ices to literature.
Brief Introduction
This haunting, Street paper, he elegiac tale about the days distant vista of at sea find Edmund Carr is at sea takes a passage on the secret love of exotic islands never Edumnd relinquishing in more ways than one. cruise ship where aa m a n d e s t i ne d the past as he to be visited and An eminent journalist he kn ow s joys t h aand t discovers the shortly to die, was his conversations and self-made man, he Laura, a beautiful a Edmund love he is p u with bthe l i has s pain h e dofi n the recently Laura, aa nrd bsimultaneously ie nft e lel he it gh e nt Vita Sackville-West that has ydiscovered e o r e f determined inds hi mconceal. s lf to w ido w wh om he only a short time to author's death and rethinking all his live. Leaving his job on secretly admires, is her last novel. values. A voyage on THE END ae Fleet will b a fellow many levels, those p a s s e n g e r . long purposeless Exhilarated by
sentence paraphrase
sentence paraphraseHalf a day1:I walked alongside my father, clutching his right hand.I walked next to my father, holding his right hand.2:They did not make me happy, however, as this was the day I was to be thrown into school for the first time.But my new clothes did not bring any happiness to me, because it was the day I was forced to go to school for the first time.3:My mother stood at the window watching our progress, and I turned towards her from time to time, hoping she would help.My mother stood at the window watching our slow and difficult movement towards the school, and I looked back at her frequently, hoping she would stop my father taking me to school.4:We walked along a street lined with gardens, and fields planted with crops, pears, and date palms.We walked along a street, on both sides of which there are gardens and fields where crops, pears and date palms are planted.5:Why school?” I asked my father. “What have I done?”Why do I have to go to schoo l? I don’t think I’ve done anything wrong to be punished like this.6:I did not believe there was really any good to be had in tearingme away from my home and throwing me into the huge, high-walled building.I didn’t think it was useful to take me awa y from home andput me into that building with high walls.7:… we could see the courtyard, vast and full of boys and girls.… we could see the courtyard, which is huge and crowded with boys and girls.8:You will find me waiting for you when it’stime to leave.I’ll come to fetch you when school is over. I’ll be waiting for you here at the gate.9:A lady came along, followed by a group of men.A lady came toward us; arriving after her were a group ofmen.10:We were formed into an intricate pattern in the great courtyard…We were made to stand in different places to form regular lines or shapes in the big courtyard.11:… from each floor we were overlooked by a long balcony roofed in wood.… from the balcony on each floor of th e building people could see the pattern into which we formed.12:Well, it seemed that my misgivings had had no basisWell, it seemed that I was wrong to think that school was a dreadful place.13:It was not all a matter of playing and fooling around.What we did at school wasn’t just playing and wasting time doing nothing useful.14:In addition, the time for changing one’s mind was over and gone and there was no question of ever returning to the paradise of home.Besides, it was impossible for us to quit school and return to the good old days when we stayed home playing and fooling around all day. Our childhood was gone, never to come back.15:Nothing lay ahead of us but exertion, struggle, and perseverance.The kind of life that was waiting for us at school would be full of exertion, struggle and perseverance.16: Those who were able took advantage of the opportunities for success and happiness that presented themselves.If there came opportunities, capable students would seize them to achieve success and happiness.17: How did these hills of rubbish find their way to cover its sides? How did the street come to be covered with so much rubbish onboth sides? Where did they come from?18:Here and there stood conjurers showing off their tricks or making snakes appear from baskets.Conjurers stood everywhere. They were showing off their tricks or making snakes appear from baskets.19: Then there was a band announcing the opening of a circus, with clowns and weight lifters walking in front.Then there was a band that was announcing the opening of a circus. The clowns and weight lifters were walking in its front.Message of the land1: My husband moved into our houses as is the way with us in Esarn.My husband moved into our houses as is the way with us in Esarn.2: The rest, two boys and two girls, went away as soon as we could afford to buy jeans for them.Our other children—two boys and two girls—left as soon as we had the money to buy them jeans.3: It’s easier for my husband. He has ears which don’t hear, a mouth which doesn’t speak, and eyes that don’t see.News about my children’s problems doesn’t make my husband as sad as me. He doesn’t bother about what is happening around us andto our children. He never says anything about them.4: He has always been patient and silent, minding his own life.He’s always been patient and talks little. He just does his duty and carries on his life.5: Our piece of land is small, and it is no longer fertile, bleeding year after year and, like us, getting old and exhausted.Our land is getting poorer with each passing year, like us who are getting old, weak and tired.6: … but in a bad year, it’s not only the ploughs that break but our hearts too.but when there is a drought, the land is so hard that the ploughs break. And we become very, very sad.7: Shops have sprung up, filled with colorful plastic things and goods we have no use for.Many shops appear in a short time. In these shops there are lots of colorful plastic things and things that are useless for us.8: If that kind of thing had happened when I was young, the whole village would have condemned such an ungrateful son, and his father would surely have given him a good beating.In my day if a boy had screamed at his mother, the whole village would have scolded him for his lack of gratitude, and his father would certainly have punished him.9: Yes, this bag of bones dressed in rags can still plant and reap rice from morning till dusk.It’s true I’m not strong and my clothes are full of holes, but I can still work in the rice fields all day.10: It’s good to smell the scent of ripening rice in November. The soft cool breeze moves the sheaves, which ripple and shimmer like waves of gold.The ripening rice is so pleasant to smell in November. In the soft cool breeze, the sheaves move and shine in the sun like a golden sea. 11: Yes, I love this land and I hope one of my children comes back one day to live, and gives me grandchildren so that I can pass on the land’s secret message to them.Yes, I love this land and I hope one of my children returns one day to live on it, and produces a lot of grandchildren for me so that I can tell them what this land means to us. It is our history, our culture, our tradition, and our life.Mandela’s garden1: In early 1977, the authorities announced the end of manual labor and arrange some type of work for us to do in the courtyard, so we could spend our days in our sectionthe people in charge, referring to the prison authorities(the authorities) the part of prison where Mandela stayed(section)2: The end of manual labor was liberating.Mandela is talking about forced labor. He felt liberated after the manual labor had been ended.3: To survive in prison, one must develop ways to take satisfaction in one’s daily life.In order not to die and go on living in prison, prisoners must cultivate ways to learn to enjoy themselves in their daily life.4: But eventually they gave in, and we were able to cut out a small garden on a narrow patch of earth against the far wall.But finally they agreed unwillingly, and we were able to mark out a small garden on a strip of earth against the wall in the distance.5: At the time, some of my comrades joked that I was a miner at heart, for I spent my days in a wasteland and my free time digging in the courtyard.At that time, some of my comrades said jokingly that I was really a miner since I spent my days in a land which had been deserted for a long time and my spare time digging in the courtyard6: The authorities did not regret giving permission, for once the garden began to flourish, I often provided the warders with some of my best tomatoes and onions.The person in charge didn’t feel regretful tha t they had allowed me to have a garden because as soon as the garden began to growwell, I often gave the warders some of my best tomatoes and onions. 7: While I have always enjoyed gardening, it was not until I was behind bars that I was able to tend my own gardens.In prison (behind bars) look after (tend)8: I did not have many of the materials that the books discussed, but I learned through trial and errorby testing different methods in order to find the best one(through trial and error)9: I told her this small story at great length. I do not know what she read into that letter, …I told her this small story in detail. I do not know whether she understood the meaning of the letter more than it did.A midnight visitor1: Ausable w as, for one thing, fat… Though he spoke Frenchand German passably, he had never altogether lost theNew England accent he had brought to Paris from Bostontwenty years ago.Ausable was, for one reason, fat… His French and German were not very good, but acceptable. Although he had been in Paris for twenty years, he never lost the American accent.2: Ausable said wheezily…Ausable was so fat that he had difficulty breathing.3: … a sloppy fat man who, instead of having messages slipped into his hand by dark-eyed beauties, gets only an ordinary telephone call making an appointment in his room.… an untidy fat man just has an ordinary phone call agreeing to meet somebody later in his room. There are no other imagined things as a beautiful lady with dark eyes putting a slip of message secretly into his hand.4: The fat man chuckled to himself as he unlocked the door of his room and stood as aside to let his frustrated guest enter.The fat man laughed to himself when he opened the door of his room and gave way to his dissatisfied guest.5: You are disillusionedYou are disappointed because what you believe in has turned out to be wrong.6: For halfway across the room, a small automatic pistol in his hand, stood a man.In the middle of the room, there was a man with a small automatic pistol in his hand.7: you gave me quite a start.You frightened me. / You surprised me.8: It might have saved me some trouble had I known about it.If I had known about it, I would not have spent so much effort.9: I wish I knew how you learned about the report, …I want to know how you succeeded in finding out the report, but I have no idea.10: Keeping his body twisted so that his gun still covered the fat man and his guest,He twisted his body in order to point his gun right at the fat man and his guest .题型Ⅰ. READING COMPREHENSIONRead the following passages and choose the best answer. (20%) (2 points for each answer):：Ⅱ. VOCABULARYComplete the following statement with the words or expressions given below. Change the forms when necessary. (10%) (1 point for each answer)Ⅲ. MULTIPLE-CHOICE (15%)Choose a word or phrase that best completes each of the following sentences. (1 point for each answer)Ⅳ. TRANSLATION (20%)Translate the following 10 sentences, both Chinese to English and English to Chinese(2 point for each sentence)Ⅴ. PARAPHRASES (20%)Paraphrase the following 10 sentences(2 point for each sentence)Ⅴ. PARAPHRASES (20%)Paraphrase the following 10 sentences(2 point for each sentence)Ⅵ. GUIDED WRITING (15%)。
No-Signposts-in-the-Sea
2021/4/8
5
Protests about damage to ‘natural beauty’ froze me with contempt.
I waPs anorat mpohvreadsbey:the protests about damage to
w‘enlcaotumrael tboeuausety’theasnedPI ovwieewrePdotinhtemtemwpitlhatgerse,aNt ew
10
Q:What's the implication of "There are no signposts in the sea."
• Literally,it means now he was on board in the sea,no sign or mark will show him where he was and where he could go.In the figurative meaning,the narrator means knowing he was going to die,he was at a loss as to know how long he could live,and how he should spend his last weeks.He was quandary困惑.His former principles and pursuit now became meaningss.Which could no longer guide him what to do and where to go.
• My opinoin: • The signpost is the central symbol image which
Reference Answer of the Paraphrase in Unit Five
Reference Answer of the Paraphrase in Unit Five1.American Farms are increasingly agrobusiness: the family-size smallfarm important in the 19th century development of the American culture and of our political institutuions, is no longer economically competitive and is seemingly on its way to extinciton. (para 2)In the 19th century, the farm farm is crutial to the culture and politial developmen of the United States, which, however, has few advantages in the current economic market, and seems to be washed out. Presently, more large-scale corporate farming is adpoted by more and more American farms.2.The independent-minded farmers sometimes found it hard to acceptthat someone else knew their business better than they did, or that they should think in terms of long-range self-interest rather than next year’s crop. (para 8)It was difficult for the farmers who developed their own understanding of farming to admit that their way of farming was inferior to someone. So was to think sacrifice their short-term interest for the long-term one.3.If market prices for produce farmers sold did not support a standard ofliving equal to that of the 1910-1914 period, the government agreed to purchase the products at a percentage of parity, the price necessary to maintain that economic standard. (P120, the last sentence)If the farm income from the sold algriculture products could not evenguarantee the farmers’standard of living, even lower than that of the period of 1910-1914, the government promised to buy the products at a price based on parity to ensure the stability of the farm market.4.For example, there is a law limiting the amount of hectares one mayown to qualify the use of federally irrigated water, although many argue that this provision is both outdated and not rigorously enforced.(para 31)For instance, a law was made to restrict the number of of an individual farmer’s fields, according to which the use of irrigation water provided by the federal government is permitted. However, the law is thought to be neither up-to-date nor being strictly implemented.5.In recent years, however, some social scientists have recommendedphasing out such “aid-in-kind” programs as the Food Stamp system in favor of a more generalized system of income sunpplements. (para 38) Recently, some social scientists who support to a more generalized system of income supplements proposed that the programs of subsidy such as the Food Stamp system should be gradually eliminated.6.The government’s response has been to develop a system of pricesupports as a possible alternative to the practice of paying farmers to set aside land from cultivation (or otherwise limiting production of their goods). (para 41)Accordingly, the government needs to develop a system of pricesupports, which may substitute the policy of paying farmers to reduce the amount of corpland and production of certain crops.7.In spite of many challenges, U. S. agriculture is uniquely positioned toprovide for the food and fiber needs of a growing world community.(para 44)U. S. agriculture is essential and indispensable to feed food and fiber to the world grwoing population, though facing many difficulties and prombles.。
Lesson15_Howtoparaphraseandsummarize英语写作优选全文
Summarizing and ParaphrasingOWL of Purdue UniversityI. Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing1. Differences among quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizingThese three ways of incorporating other writers' work into your own writing differ according to the closeness of your writing to the source writing.•Quotations must be identical to the original, using a narrow segment of the source. They must match the source document word for word and must be attributed to the originalauthor.•Paraphrasing involves putting a passage from source material into your own words. A paraphrase must also be attributed to the original source. Paraphrased material is usuallyshorter than the original passage, taking a somewhat broader segment of the source andcondensing it slightly.•Summarizing involves putting the main idea(s) into your own words, including only the main point(s). Once again, it is necessary to attribute summarized ideas to the originalsource. Summaries are significantly shorter than the original and take a broad overview of the source material.2. Why use quotations, paraphrases, and summaries?Quotations, paraphrases, and summaries serve many purposes. You might use them to:•Provide support for claims or add credibility to your writing;•Refer to work that leads up to the work you are now doing;•Give examples of several points of view on a subject;•Call attention to a position that you wish to agree or disagree with;•Highlight a particularly striking phrase, sentence, or passage by quoting the original;•Distance yourself from the original by quoting it in order to cue readers that the words are not your own;•Expand the breadth or depth of your writing.Writers frequently intertwine summaries, paraphrases, and quotations. As part of a summary of an article, a chapter, or a book, a writer might include paraphrases of various key points blended with quotations of striking or suggestive phrases as in the following example:In his famous and influential work The Interpretation of Dreams, Sigmund Freudargues that dreams are the "royal road to the unconscious" (page #), expressing incoded imagery the dreamer's unfulfilled wishes through a process known as the"dream-work" (page #). According to Freud, actual but unacceptable desires arecensored internally and subjected to coding through layers of condensation anddisplacement before emerging in a kind of rebus puzzle in the dream itself (page #).3. How to use quotations, paraphrases, and summaries?It might be helpful to follow these steps:•Read the entire text, noting the key points and main ideas.•Summarize in your own words what the single main idea of the essay is.•Paraphrase important supporting points that come up in the essay.•Consider any words, phrases, or sentences that you believe should be quoted directly.There are several ways to integrate quotations into your text. Often, a short quotation works well when integrated into a sentence. Longer quotations can stand alone.Remember that quoting should be done only sparingly; be sure that you have a good reason to include a direct quotation when you decide to do so. You'll find guidelines for citing sources and punctuating citations at our documentation guide pages.II. Paraphrasing: Write It in Your Own Words1. A paraphrase is...•your own rendition (演绎，翻译) of essential information and ideas expressed by someone else, presented in a new form.•one legitimate way (when accompanied by accurate documentation) to borrow from a source.• a more detailed restatement than a summary, which focuses concisely on a single main idea.2. Paraphrasing is a valuable skill because...•it is better than quoting information from an undistinguished passage.•it helps you control the temptation to quote too much.•the mental process required for successful paraphrasing helps you to grasp the full meaning of the original.3. Six Steps to Effective Paraphrasing1)Reread the original passage until you understand its full meaning.2)Set the original aside, and write your paraphrase on a note card.3)Jot down a few words below your paraphrase to remind you later how you envision usingthis material. At the top of the note card, write a key word or phrase to indicate the subject of your paraphrase.4)Check your rendition with the original to make sure that your version accurately expressesall the essential information in a new form.5)Use quotation marks to identify any unique term or phraseology you have borrowedexactly from the source.6)Record the source (including the page) on your note card so that you can credit it easily ifyou decide to incorporate the material into your paper.4. Some examples to compareParaphrasing refers to rewriting a given sentence using your own words. When we need to use a sentence in our writing that someone else wrote, we paraphrase it. That is, we use the sameidea(s) in that sentence and write it differently. In addition to using different words, we use different grammar. The main purpose of paraphrasing has to do with being able to use someone else’s ideas while we write our own texts. Of course, it is required that any writer acknowledges the original source using the proper citation format.Example1:Original sentence: The shoe store is closed because of the bad weather conditions. Inappropriate paraphrase: The shoe store is closed because of the bad weather.Comments: This paraphrase has too many words repeated; for example, “The shoe store is closed because of” are repeated. It is important to use different words and different grammatical structures, while keeping the same meaning of the original sentence.Appropriate paraphrase:Since the weather is terrible, the shoe store is not openComments:As can be seen in the above example, in addition to using different words, the grammatical structure of the sentence was changed by starting with the second part (dependent clause) of the original sentence.Example 2:The original passage:Students frequently overuse direct quotation in taking notes, and as a result they overuse quotations in the final [research] paper. Probably only about 10% of your final manuscript should appear as directly quoted matter. Therefore, you should strive to limit the amount of exact transcribing of source materials while taking notes. (Lester, James D. Writing Research Papers.2nd ed. (1976): 46-47.)A legitimate paraphrase:In research papers students often quote excessively, failing to keep quoted material down to a desirable level. Since the problem usually originates during note taking, it is essential to minimize the material recorded verbatim (Lester 46-47).A plagiarized version:Students often use too many direct quotations when they take notes, resulting in too many of them in the final research paper. In fact, probably only about 10% of the final copy should consist of directly quoted material. So it is important to limit the amount of source material copied while taking notes.III. Paraphrasing and Summarizing1. Why do we need to paraphrase and summarize?Whether you are writing for the workplace or for academic purposes, you will need to research and incorporate the writing of others into your own texts. Two unavoidable steps in that process are paraphrasing (changing the language into your own) and summarizing (getting rid of smaller details and leaving only the primary points). These steps are necessary for three reasons.changes, it limits your own1)F irst, if you used the original writer’s language without anylearning; by paraphrasing and summarizing, you make a piece of information your own,and you understand it better.2)Second, the original writers did not write for the audiences you are targeting; there areinevitably contents and language choices that will not necessarily work for your audience.3)Third, what authors write is considered to be their property, just like a coat or a car; bycopying it (without giving credit), you can be accused of plagiarism.Summarizing and paraphrasing are frequently used together, even though not always.2. How to write a summarySummarizingA summary should be a short version of a longer original source. Its main goal is to present a large amount of information in a short and concise text that includes only the most important ideas of the original text.Example 1:Original sentence:“The movement toward education by computer is developing fast. Massive Open Online Courses, called MOOCs, are changing how people learn in many places. For years, people could receive study materials from colleges or universities and take part in online classes. But such classes were not designed for many thousands of students at one time, as MOOCs are.” (MOOCS Are Moving Forward , Voice of America, )Inappropriate summary:Voice of America website:“Computer education is growing fast. MOOCs are influencing how we study. People received materials from universities for a long time to be able to take classes online. MOOCs are the only ones thousands can take at a time.”Comments: The inappropriate summary is almost as long as the original text, which is a characteristic of a paraphrase. A summary needs to be concise.Appropriate summary: According to a Voice of America article, a fast-growing MOOCs movement allows thousands to take online classes at once, changing how we learn. Comments: The appropriate summary keeps the original main idea and it is much shorter than the original text.Example 2:The original passage:Students frequently overuse direct quotation in taking notes, and as a result they overuse quotations in the final [research] paper. Probably only about 10% of your final manuscript should appear as directly quoted matter. Therefore, you should strive to limit the amount of exact transcribing of source materials while taking notes. (Lester, James D. Writing Research Papers.2nd ed. (1976): 46-47.)An acceptable summary:Students should take just a few notes in direct quotation from sources to help minimize the amount of quoted material in a research paper (Lester 46-47).3. Six steps to write a summary:To write a good summary it is important to thoroughly understand the material you are working with. Here are some preliminary steps in writing a summary.1.Skim the text, noting in your mind the subheadings. If there are no subheadings, try todivide the text into sections. Consider why you have been assigned the text. Try todetermine what type of text you are dealing with. This can help you identify important info.2.Read the text, highlighting important information and taking notes.3.In your own words, write down the main points of each section.4.Write down the key support points for the main topic, but do not include minor detail.5.Go through the process again, making changes as appropriate.6.Write the summary.•The summary should cover the original as a whole.•The material should be presented in a neutral fashion.•The summary should be a condensed version of the material, presented in your own words.•Do not include anything that does not appear in the original. (Do not include your own comments or evaluation.)•Be sure to identify your source.IV. Paraphrase and Summary ExercisesExercise 1: Paraphrase the following sentences1)“Passive safety systems help lessen the impact of driving accidents. They do nothing tocontribute to preventing drivers from getting into an accident.”•Important points:•Relationships between points:•Linking phrases or expressions:•Possible synonyms:impact→prevent→accident→getting into an accident→Paraphrase:2)“… nondriving-related devices, such as car stereos, mobile phones, and, more recently,navigation systems, divert drivers’ attention increasingly more away from the primary sources of infor mation necessary for safe operation of the vehicle: the road and other road users.”•Important points:•Relationships between points:•Linking phrases or expressions:•Possible synonyms:Paraphrase:Exercise 2: Paraphrase the following sentences.1.The student requested that the professor excuses her absence, but the professor refused.2.There will be a music concert next to Vienna coffee shop. Would you like to go?3.International Center is hosting English Conversation classes. They help non-native speakers ofEnglish practice their English speaking skills.4.The office of International Students and Scholars at Purdue University is located in Schleman Hall.5.The car that was pulled over by the police officer yesterday just had an accident. That driver isnot careful.Exercise 3:Try to summarize the following statements as briefly and possible.1.People whose professional activity lies in the field of politics are not conspicuous (易见的；明显的) for their respect for factual accuracy.2.The climatic conditions prevailing in the British Isles (岛) show a pattern of alternating andunpredictable periods of dry and wet weather, accompanied by a similarly irregular cycle of temperature changes.3.It is undeniable that the large majority of non-native learners of English experience a numberof problems in attempting to master the phonetic (语音的) patterns of the language.4.Tea, whether of the China or Indian variety, is well known to be high on the list of thosebeverages which are most frequently drunk by the inhabitants of the British Isles.5.It is not uncommon to encounter sentences which, though they contain a great number ofwords and are constructed in a highly complex way, none the less turn out on inspection toconvey very little meaning of any kind.6.One of the most noticeable phenomena in any big city, such as London or Paris, is thesteadily increasing number of petrol-driven vehicles, some in private ownership, othersbelonging to the public transport system, which congest (充满，拥挤) the roads andrender (致使，造成) rapid movement more difficult year by year.。
高中英语Unit15Lessons3-4SentenceExplanation练习北师版必修5
Sen te nee Expla nati on1. And if what I do as a teacher can help tur n a child like Graham into such asuccessful adult, then I know what I ' m doing is worthwhile. (P40)【分析】本句是一个主从复合句。
主句是I know what I ' mdoing is worthwhile , what I ' m doing is worthwhile 作know的_________ ，而________ 在此从句中又作主语。
if引导的条件状语从句中，what I do as a teacher 作主语。
【句意】如果我作为老师所做的工作能够帮助将一个像格雷厄姆这样的孩子变成如此成功的一个成年人，那么我知道我所做的一切都是值得的。
【仿写】如果我作为朋友所做的能够帮助杰克变成一个如此快乐的男孩，那么我知道我正在做的一切都是正确的。
2. At that time, people beli eved more in religi on tha n in facts and people likeGalileo Galilei (1564- 1642), who proved scie ntific ideas such as “ the Earth is not the centre of the uni verse ” , were ofte n puni shed by the church with no onecoming to their defe nee. (P 42)【分析】本句是一个由and连接的并列复合句。
and前的分句是一个简单句。
在and后的分句中，like Galileo Galilei 表示歹U举，who proved scientific ideas suc h as “the Earthis not the centre of the uni verse ” 是非限制性定语从句，修饰_________, with no one comi ng to their defe nee 是with 复合结构作状语。
综合教程第五册：部分单元句子Paraphrase和斜体字解释
综合教程第五册：部分单元句子Paraphrase和斜体字解释Unit1：IV1.Perhaps it would go away, deprived of her attention.Mother meant to deliberately overlook whatever she did not like and could not change.2.School let out in June to the end of July.From June to the end of July school closed for the summer vacation.3.I spent the afternoon squinting up at monuments to freedom and past presidencies anddemocracy.Literarily, the writer was unable to open wide her eyes due to the dazzling sunlight as well as her eyes defect. Figuratively, the freedom, equality and democracy all American citizens were allegedly entitled to were simply distorted images in the author’s eyes.4.Mother was bright and father was brown, the three of us girls step-standards in between.Mother was bright and father brown, and the three of us girls represented gradations from bright to brown.5.Indoors, the soda fountain was dim and fan-cooled, deliciously relieving to my scorchedeyes.Inside the Breyer’s, the soda fountain was so dim and the air so cool that the pain of my eyes was wonderfully lessened.6.No one would answer my emphatic questions with anything other than a guilty silence.My forcefully question got no response from my family; they remained silent as if they had done something wrong and shameful walking into Breyer’s.7.My fury was not going to be acknowledged by like fury:My anger was not going to be noticed or sympathized with by my family members who were similarly angry, though.I1.On the edge of the summer: at the beginning of2.Preparations were in the air around our house before school was even over: the wholefamily were already either actually busy making preparations or enjoying the ambience.3.In fact, my first trip to Washington was a mobile feast: a large enjoyable meal on the train4.…as if we had never been black before: as if we had never been mistreated for being Black5.My parents wouldn’t speak of this injustice, not because they had contributed to it: hadpartially caused6.My fury was not going to be acknowledged by like fury: was not going to be noticed orsympathized with by people feeling a similar anger.Unit 2IV1.instead of…sneaking out to the empty lot to hunt ghosts and animal bones, my brother andI had to go to Chinese school.My brother and I were unable to walk out quietly and secretly, like other children, to the open field to play kid’s games, for we were forced to go to Chinese school.2.No amount of kicking, screaming, or pleading could dissuade my mother.Our kicking, screaming and pleading could not in the least make our mother change her mindabout sending us to Chinese school.3.Forcibly, she walked us the 7 long, hilly blocks from our home to school, depositing ourdefiant tearful faces before the stern principal.She dragged us by force all the way from our home to school, a long hilly distance of 7 blocks, finally leaving us, hostile and tearful, in front of the severe headmaster.4.In Chinatown, the comings and goings of hundreds of Chinese on their daily tasks soundedchaotic and frenzied.In Chinatown, large crowds of Chinese were coming and going with their routine responsibilities in a disorderly, overexcited way.5.He was especially hard on my mother.He was fastidiou sly particular about my mother’s English.6.I finally was granted a cultural divorce.Ultimately I was permitted to stop learning Chinese culture.7.At last, I was one of you; I wasn’t one of them. Sadly, I still am.Finally I assumed that I was one of the Americans and that I was not one of the Chinese.Unfortunately, I am, as a matter of fact, still Chinese.I1.Forcibly, she walked us the 7 long, hilly blocks from our home to school, depositing ourdefiant tearful faces before the stern principal.Escorted on foot; leaving the 2 of us, hostile and tearful2.The room smelled like Chinese medicine, an imported faraway mustiness.Unfamiliar exotic stale damp smell3.Being ten years old, I had better things to learn than ideographs…Would rather learn other things than4.More times than not, I had tried to disassociate myself from the nagging loud voice..Fairly frequently5.Chinese sounded pedestrian. Public.Dull and, what’s more, lacking individuals6.No matter how hard she tried, “Ruth” always ended up“Roof”.Eventually became the unintendedUnit3:IV1.We were waiting outside the condemned cells.We were waiting outside the cells, where prisoners under the death sentence were jailed. 2.The rest of us, magistrates and the like, followed behind.We, government officials and inspectors, walked behind the warders and the prisoner.3.I saw the mystery, the unspeakable wrongness, of cutting life short when it is in full tide.I found the inexplicable injustice that was being done in putting to an end a pr isoner’s life,which is still in its prime.4.In two minutes, with a sudden snap, one of us would begone.The prisoner, who belonged to us now, would be promptly put to death.5.One felt an impulse to sing, to break into a run, to snigger.People had a strong desire to sing, to run and to snigger(after the hanging was over).6.You will scarcely credit that it took six warders to dislodge him.You can hardly believe that it took as many as six warders to remove him from the cage bars.I1.These were the condemned men, due to be hanged tithing the next week or two.Who were scheduled to be hanged2.He was a Hindu, a puny wisp of a man, with a shaven head and vague liquid eyes.Who was a small, thin, and weak man3.They crowded very close about him, with their hands always on him in a careful, caressinggrip.Holding him firmly and continuously in a careful manner4.Two warders marched on either side of the prisoner, with their rifles at the slope.Carrying rifles that tilted over their shoulders5.At each step his muscles slid neatly into place.His muscles appeared to be functioning normally6.…and in two minutes, with a sudden snap, one of us would be gone——one mind less, oneworld less.We will lose a man who can also think and reason like us, andwho is also a unique individual like each of usUnit 4:IV1.Her animated expression and warm smile were an invitation for me to go on.Her vivid expression and tender smile encouraged me to continue my lecture.2.We are all so much together and yet we are all dying of loneliness.Although we seem to be living and studying so closely, we are virtually behaving like strangers.3.If we find no models of live, then we grow up love-starved and unloving.If we have no models of love to follow, we will be growing up lacking in love and not knowing how to love others.4.If you are afraid of being misunderstood, verbalize your feelings to the person you arehugging.If you are afraid of being misunderstood, explain your feelings in words to the person you’re embracing.5.His father’s eyes welled up with tears as he muttered.Tears rolled down his father’s cheeks as he spoke in a quiet voice.6.While attempting to open doors to love for others, I found that the doors were opening forme.As I am trying to ask others to offer love and feel loved, I am actually experiencing the same.7.The pursuit of love has made wonder of my life.The continual efforts I have made to seek love have mademy life richer and more meaningful.I1.For few moments, I fussed with my notes.Fiddled with…nervously and anxiously2.This stunning young woman had pulled me through.Saved me out of the difficult situation3.After class, I scanned the roll to find her name: Liani.Examined the students’ name list4.If we find no models of live, then we grow up love-starved and unloving.Without having received sufficient love and not intending to show our love towards others5.…the class often continued until well past midnightA long time ( before or after )6.One of the first things I tried to get across was the importance of touching.Communicate and make understood.Unit 5IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences taken from the text.1.I was just a girl with little direction, more drawn to words and made-up stories than toformulas and lab experiments.I was then a young girl without a clear idea of what to do in the future; but I was keener onliterature than on natural science.2.I think I admired that photo so much, not because of Marie Curie and what she stood forbut because she seemed so exotic.I think the reason why I enjoyed looking at the photo wasnot because Marie Curie herselfwas in the photo, nor because she represented a great woman, but because her imageappealed to me.3.Marie Curie’s own daughters grew into accomplished women in their own right.Marie Curie's own daughters distinguished themselves in their respective field due to their own efforts and competence.4.She wound up falling in love with Casimir Zorawski.Finally she fell in love with Casimir Zorawski.5.She was beneath his station, poor, a common nursemaid.She, a poor, common nursemaid, was much lower in social status than her young master.6.The reality was a lot grittier—and a lot less romantic.The reality was much harder, not as romantic as shown in the 1943 film Madame Curie. 7.They were the toast of the European scientific community, feted lavishly and visited athome in Paris by acolytes to pay homage.They were highly respected in the European scientific community, entertainedexuberantly and visited by acolytes to show their reverence to the Curies at home in Paris.8.The metamorphosis was less simple, more serious. A cape of solitude and secrecy fellupon her shoulders forever.The changes in Madame Curie brought about by the loss of her husband were much more profound than the simple change from a happy young wife to an inconsolable widow. The shadow of loneliness and introversion hung over her for the rest of her life.9.The Marie Curie that I discovered was no icon but a flesh-and-blood woman.The Madame Curie I discovered was not an image of a holy saint, but a woman existing in real life.I. Explain the italicized part in each sentence in your own words.1. I didn’t know very much about Curie beyond the basics：except the most important aspects of her life2. I was just a girl with little direction…：having no concrete goals or purposes to attain3. Marie Curie’s own daughters grew into accomplished women in their own light：because of their own efforts and talents4. … for months she’d find places to hide so s he could cry her eyes out：cry to her heart's content5. … where she changed her name, enrolled at the Sorbonne—and walked into history：and thus became somebody to remember6. … Pierre’s death marked the defining moment in her mother’s life：started a complete characteristic change Unit 6VI1.Different men often see the same objects in different lights.The same object may be observed and judged from different perspectives by different people.2.This is no time for ceremony. The question before the house is one of awful moment to thiscountry.No time should be wasted on ceremonial procedures because the house, at present, is encountering an extremelycrucial problem for the nation.3.We are apt to shut our eyes against a painful truth, and listen to the song of that siren tillshe transforms us into beasts.We tend to close our eyes when facing a painful truth, and be intoxicated by the song of the sea nymph that will eventually turn us into animals.4.For my part, whatever anguish of spirit it may cost, I’m willing to know the whole truth; toknow the worst and to provide for it.As for me, I’m willing to know the whole truth and be prepared for the worst that might happen, no matter how much pain I may endure.5.The insidious smile will prove a snare to your feet.The cunning smile, with which the British recently received our petition, will be a trap for you to fall into.6.These are the implements of war and subjugation—the last arguments to which kingsresort.These are the tools for war and suppression, the last means kings will turn to when all arguments fall flat.7.We have prostrated ourselves before the throne, and have implored its interposition toarrest the tyrannical hands of the ministry and Parliament.We have been humble and submissive in front of the British Kings, and have begged hisMajesty to intervene（插手）and stop the cruelty and injustice of the British colonial ministry and Parliament(议会、国会).8.The battle is not to the strong alone; it is to the vigilant, theactive, the brave.The victory of the battle is determined not just by strength, but by vigilance, activeness(积极性), and courage.9.It is in vain to extenuate the matter.It is useless to underestimate(低估) the severity（严重性）of the situation.I1.For my own part, I consider it as nothing less than a question of freedom or slavery.The very same thing as2.And in proportion to the magnitude of the subject ought to be the freedom of the debate.Appropriately in agreement with3.We have held the subject up in every light of which it is capable.Considered and tried every means in order to deal with the subject4.…if we make a proper use of those means which the God of nature hath placed in ourpower.Has given us at our disposal5.There millions of people, armed in the holy cause of liberty, …With liberty as our ultimate aim to fight for6.The battle, sir, is not to the strong alone.Is not destined to be won byUnit 7IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences taken from the text.1.The 1980 election…signaled a decided turn to the rightinsofar as political and socialattitudes were concerned.The 1980 election indicated that the country resolved to become more conservative in regard to political and social attitudes.2.Some kind of social welfare assistance must be doled out to those who cannot find jobs.Social welfare assistance must be offered to the jobless.3.I am appalled that the condition has been allowed to develop.I am shocked to find that the problem is getting more and more serious.4.This dreadful social sickness has now overtaken the United States.The United States has now been knocked out by this terrible social problem -- failure to house its young people.5.For a major nation to show itself impotent to house its young people is admitting a failurethat must be corrected.America must correct the problem that, a superpower as it is in the world, it is incapable of providing houses for its young people.I. Explain the italicized part in each sentence in your own words.1. They belong to churches, even though they attend somewhat less frequently.believe in Christianity and are members of the Christian churches2. The 1980 election… signaled a decided turn to the right insofar as political and social attitudes were concerned.insofar as: to the extent that; were concerned: were involved3. Without reservation, I applaud the freer patterns of today.With whole-hearted support4. For a major nation to show itself impotent to house its young people is admitting a failure that must be corrected.to display its inability5. We have a physical setting of remarkable intedrity.an extraordinarily complete system of physical environment Unit 8VI1.Did you get too bogged down in the details trying to come up with the “exactly right”answer?Did you get so tied up in these complex math figures that you were unable to give the “exactly right” answer?2.Did you zero in on the two most important problems… then hazard a guesstimate?Did you focus all your attention on the two most important problems, and then make an estimation which may not be exactly right?3.Your mistakes will frequently balance out.Your mistakes will often average out, i.e. the extremely high estimations and the extremely low estimations which you make will eventually become equal in amount, value, or effect. 4.The black being warmed most by the sun, was sunk so low as to be below the stroke ofsun’s rays.The black cloth absorbed the heat of the sun most. So, it sank so deep below that the sunrays could not reach it.I1.Did you make a completely wild guess…：a simply groundless prediction far from beingcorrect.2.Did you get too bogged down in the details trying to come up with the “exactly right”answer?Stumped or baffled; work out3.Or did you zero in on the two most important problems…：come to concentrate on and dealwith.4.To answer the question. He recommended breaking it down into smaller, more manageablequestions.：analyzing it by dividing it into5.He had come up with resourceful way…：discovered。
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things out of unselfish motives, I also held them in
contempt.
Ⅲ. Sentence Paraphrase
10. And now see how I stand, as sentimental and
sensitive as any old maid doing water-colours of
Ⅲ. Sentence Paraphrase
7. Or maybe Laura’s unwitting influence has called it out. (Para. 2) Or maybe my suppressed inclination has been brought out under Laura’s unintentional influence.
Laura is always wearing grey and white clothes while other people’s faces look hot and shiny in the hot tropical climate because of the heat and sweat.
Ⅲ. Sentence Paraphrase
3. The Colonel , who is not too offensively an Empire-
builder, sometimes tries to talk to me about public
affairs. (Para. 2) In Carr’s eyes, Empire-builders are all aggressive people causing offence and disgust, but this Colonel is not so bad. He occasionally tries to talk about public affairs
keen appreciation of the clothes of women.
Ⅲ. Sentence Paraphrase
2. …Laura is always in grey and white…other people are
flushed and shiny in the tropical heat… (Para. 1)
Ⅲ. Sentence Paraphrase
Pharisee: the Pharisees [plural]
a member of an ancient Jewish group, living at the
time of Christ ,who followed religious laws and
own and regarded them as creatures on the moon.
Ⅲ. Sentence Paraphrase
9. A hard materialism was my creed…but my scorn.
(Para. 3) I firmly believed in uncompromising materialism which in my opinion represented the law of human progress. I not only disbelieved people when they said they did
Ⅲ. Sentence Paraphrase
5. I observe with amusement how totally the concerns of the world...to the extent of a bored distaste. (Para. 2)
I was once so completely absorbed in the important
Endymion (恩底弥翁)
In Greek mythology, Endymion was a handsome, young shepherd prince loved by the moon-goddess
Selene. When Zeus offered him a choice of
destinies, Endymion chose to sleep for ever,
Ⅲ. Sentence Paraphrase
keep up with the Joneses (informal, often disapproving) : to try to have all the possessions and social achievements that your friends and neighbors have
love.
Ⅲ. Sentence Paraphrase
12. I want my fill of beauty before I go. (Para. 4) Before I die, I want to enjoy beauty to my heart’s content.
Ⅲ. Sentence Paraphrase
to enjoy myself to the full with more refined, more pleasant
and softer things (as compared with writing political leaders and so on) which I never had time to enjoy in the past. In this way I allow my feelings and desires, which had always existed but had been ignored and suppressed, to reveal themselves.
now these political issues no longer hold any interest for me. Actually I dislike them and they bore me now. I feel quite amused as I watch how this dramatic change in perspective is taking place in myself.
affairs of the world that I devoted all my attention, time and energy to them and only occasionally did I allow myself
a little rest by reading poetry or listening to music. Yet
with me.
Ⅲ. Sentence Paraphrase
4. He is by no means stupid or ill-informed… (Para. 2)
ill means badly, imperfectly, wrongly, improperly,
e.g. ill-advised ,ill-bred , ill-considered, ill-defined, illfounded , ill-mannered , ill-treatment He is not at all stupid or ignorant.
teaching very strictly
[C] someone who pretends to be religious or morally good, but who is not sincere.
Ⅲ. Sentence Paraphrase
8. Dismissive as a Pharisee, I regarded as moonlings all
Ⅲ. Sentence Paraphrase
11. A new Clovis, loving what I have
despised and suffering from calf-love
into the bargain. (Para. 4) I’m like a new Clovis, loving what I used to despise, and moreover I am experiencing the emotion of puppy
those whose life was lived on a less practical plane. (Para. 3) I was as puritanical as a Pharisee and I viewed with contempt all those who lived a less practical life than my
14. All weight is lifted from my limbs…the meaning of pantheism. (Para. 5)
I feel that I am weightless and totally absorbed by the
night and feel at peace with the night, and I understand the belief that God is nature in all its many different manifestations.
13. The young moon lies on her back tonight…for a virgin. (Para. 5)