2013年7月6日雅思阅读机经
2013年8月3日雅思阅读机经
2013年8月3日雅思阅读机经考试日期2013年8月3日总体评价：整体较难。
三篇旧题。
Matching, List of Headings, T/F/NG 较多，容易失分。
考生反应时间相当紧张。
Reading Passage 1Title: 文章标题深海资源Question types: 题型Matching (段落-信息) -(4个) Table/ Diagram/ Flow Chart--(4个) Matching (人名-理论)Note:说明旧题考期回顾：2012年2月4日Main Content：主要内容 & Answers: 参考答案主要讲述海底微生物内容具体说的是海底有很多微生物，因为极端环境，所以含了矿藏，然后说是不是要开发这些矿藏。
Matching: 段落信息配对选 1.D 2.E 3.F 4. G; 填空题有: 5. proteins and -----, 6. oxygen, 7. sunlight, 8. temperature; Matching题：几个专家的态度，A支持开矿，B 研究了开矿的好处和坏处，C反对开矿，直接找人名定位，不难。
Comment：评注总体难度中等，其中Matching题比较费时，建议把无序的段落信息匹配放后面写，先写人名-理论匹配，因为定位简单。
Example：参考练习建议参考练习为 [i]Early Childhood Education[/i] 推荐理由：题型组合相似度高。
该文对应题型组合为： Matching(段落-信息) Matching(事物-特征，带大写) True/ False/ Not GivenReading Skills:重点题型解题技巧细节配对是雅思考试中比较难的题型，我们来分析一下这类题目的做题技巧：首先，让我们来了解一下这种题目的出题特点。
1. 彻底同义转换和其它题型不同的是，这种题型是对原文一句话或者一段话进行的彻底同义转换，个别甚至是高度概括，因此几乎不存在任何定位词，因此不能根据定位词到原文中定位答案。
机经7月8日雅思考试内容回忆
机经7月8日雅思考试内容回忆7月8日考情分析，阅读部分出现了大量令考生望而生畏的配对题。
像第三篇关于减小班级规模的文章中，14道题目全部为配对题。
这就需要大家平时在练习时还是多从文章的结构入手，提高解题速度。
详情请参看正文~听力一、考试概述：今天Section 1和Section 4两个部分依然是填空类的题目，Section 2没有出现地图题，Section 3目前待补充。
Section 1 咨询——爬山的课程咨询，10表格Section 2 介绍——如何节约家庭能源，5单选 5多选Section 3 （待补充）Section 4 社科——教室建材，10填空二、具体题目分析：Section 1新旧情况：V06104场景：咨询——爬山的课程咨询题型：10表格参考答案：1-10）table(答案仅供参考)解析：比较少见的section 1 出现全部表格类题目，定位需要注意左右两个格子相互之间的信息。
参考练习：C9T3S1Section 2新旧情况：V14275场景：介绍——如何节约家庭能源题型：5单选 5多选11-15) 单选11. A. will start soon12. switch off appliance completely13. which to pay more satisfying: pay on internet14. suggest for avoiding the road traffic: double layer glass15. cannot distinguish electricity and gas16. not suitable for her house17-20) 多选17-18) 介绍water saving的技巧？often take shower than bathturn off tap water19-20) how to save electricity?use more computer than laptops to watch movieschange the bulb(答案仅供参考)解析：总体来说需要注意题干信息出现了以后再听取选项内容是否要进行同意替换和干扰信息排除。
2013年7月6日雅思写作机经解析下载(TASK1)
2013年7月6日雅思写作机经解析下载(TASK1)。
下面为大家总结了2013年7月6日雅思写作机经的相关回忆，主要是TASK1部分的内容，供同学们进行下载参考。
点击下载2013年7月6日雅思写作机经解析
2013年7月6日雅思写作机经回忆解析,同时给出了雅思作文写作思路，同学们可适当进行了解，雅思写作机经也是备考雅思听力的优选资料。
2013年7月6日雅思写作机经解析TASK1
2013年7月6日雅思写作题目：
2013年7月6日雅思写作思路：
该图显示了某一国家2000年至2007年家庭垃圾的状况。
选取主要的特征对信息进行概括，在相关的地方进行比较。
Bar chart 堆积条形图
比较2000年到2007年waste not recycled(蓝色代表) 和recycled(红色代表)
图中有3组数据：垃圾的总量，未回收的垃圾，回收的垃圾。
1)先写总量，从00年到06年稳步增长，但07年出现了下降。
2)然后写未回收的垃圾的数量变化，稳步增长，07年下降。
3)再写回收的垃圾，先上升，后保持平稳，最后再上升。
以上就是小编为大家整理的“2013年7月6日雅思写作机经解析下载(TASK1)”部分内容，更多资料请点击雅思资料下载频道!。
雅思考试阅读机经真题解析：AmateurNaturalists
雅思考试阅读机经真题解析：AmateurNaturalists在雅思考试中很多同学会做不完阅读题目，因为种种原因长期在六分上下徘徊。
雅思栏目为大家带来雅思考试阅读机经真题解析:Amateur Naturalists，希望能帮到大家!Amateur NaturalistsYou should spend about 20 minutes on Question 27-40 which are based on Reading Passage below.The reading Passage has seven paragraphs A-HWhich paragraph contains the following information?Write the correct letter A-H, in boxes 27-33 on your answer sheet27. Definition of Phenology introduced28. Sparks first noticed amateur records29. Surprise function of casual data in science30. It seems like mission impossible without enormous amateur data collection31. Example of using amateur records for a scientific prediction32. Records from an amateur contributed to climate change33. Collection of old records compiled by a family of amateur naturalistsQuestions 34-36Complete the sentences below with NO MORE THAN TWOWORDS from the Reading Passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 34-36 on your answer sheet.34. In Waiter Coates' records, there are plenty of information of .35. Robert Marsham is well-known for noting animals and plants' .36. The number of waterfowl in North America decreases because of increased according to some phenologists.Questions 37-40Choose the correct letter, A, B, C, or D.Write your answers in boxes 37-40 on your answer sheet37 Why do a lot of scientists question the amateurs’ data?A. Data collection is not professionalB. Amateur observers are careless.C. Amateur data is not reliable sometimes.D. They have one-sided work experience38 Example of leaves Mark Schwartz used to explain that?A. Amateur records arc not reliable at all.B. Amateur records arc not well organized.C. Some details are very difficult to notice.D. Valuable information is accurate one.39 What suggestion of scientists for the usage of amateur data?A. Use modified and better approaches.B. Only Observation data is valuable.C. Use original materials instead of changed ones.D. Method of data collection is the most important.40 What's the implication of phenology for ordinary people?A. It enriches the knowledge of the public.B. It improves ordinary people's relations with scientists.C. It encourages people to collect more animal information.D. It arouses public awareness about climate change.。
雅思阅读机经人类与机器人
雅思阅读机经人类与机器人大家在备考雅思阅读的时候可以多参考一些机经，让大家对雅思阅读的考试内容和形式有一个大致了解，下面小编给大家带来雅思阅读机经人类与机器人，希望对你们有所帮助。
雅思阅读机经真题解析：人类与机器人Man or MachineADuring July 2003, the Museum of Science in Cambridge, Massachusetts exhibited what Honda calls 'the world's most advanced humanoid robot', AS1MO (the Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility). Honda's brainchild is on tour in North America and delighting audiences wherever it goes. After 17 years in the making, ASIMO stands at four feet tall, weighs around 115 pounds and looks like a child in an astronaut's suit. Though it is difficult to see ASIMO's face at a distance, on closer inspection it has a smile and two large eyes' that conceal cameras. The robot cannot work autonomously - its actions are 'remote controlled' by scientists through the computer in its backpack. Yet watching ASMIO perform at a show in Massachusetts it seemed uncannily human. The audience cheered as ASIMO walked forwards and backwards, side to side and up and downstairs. After the show, a number of people told me that they would like robots to play more of a role in daily life - one even said that the robot would be like 'another person'.BWhile the Japanese have made huge strides in solving some of the engineering problems of human kinetics (n.动力学) and bipedal (adj. 两足动物的)movements, for the past 10 years scientists at MIT's former Artificial Intelligence (Al) lab (recently renamed the Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, CSAIL) have been making robots that can behave likehumans and interact with humans. One of MITs robots, Kismet, is an anthropomorphic (adj.拟人的) head and has two eyes (complete with eyelids), ears, a mouth, and eyebrows. It has several facial expressions, including happy, sad, frightened and disgusted. Human interlocutors are able to read some of the robot's facial expressions, and often change their behavior towards the machine as a result - for example, playing with it when it appears ‘sad’. Kismet is now in MIT’s museum, but the ideas developed here continue to be explored in new robots.CCog (short for Cognition) is another pioneering project from MIT’s former AI lab. Cog has a head, eyes, two arms, ha nds and a torso (n.躯干) - and its proportions were originally measured from the body of a researcher in the lab. The work on Cog has been used to test theories of embodiment and developmental robotics, particularly getting a robot to develop intelligence by responding to its environment via sensors, and to learn through these types of interactions.DMIT is getting furthest down the road to creating human-like and interactive robots. Some scientists argue that ASIMO is a great engineering feat but not an intelligent machine - because it is unable to interact autonomously with unpredictabilities in its environment in meaningful ways, and learn from experience. Robots like Cog and Kismet and new robots at MIT’s CSAIL and media lab, however, are beginning to do this.EThese are exciting developments. Creating a machine that can walk, make gestures and learn from its environment is an amazing achievement. And watch this space: these achievements are likely rapidly to be improved upon. Humanoid robots could have a plethora of uses in society, helping to free people from everyday tasks. In japan, for example, there is an aim to createrobots that can do the tasks similar to an average human, and also act in more sophisticated situations as firefighters, astronauts or medical assistants to the elderly in the workplace and in homes – partly in order to counterbalance the effects of an ageing population.FSuch robots say much about the way in which we view humanity, and they bring out the best and worst of us. On one hand, these developments express human creativity - our ability to invent, experiment, and to extend our control over the world. On the other hand, the aim to create a robot like a human being is spurred on by dehumanized ideas - by the sense that human companionship can be substituted by machines; that humans lose their humanity when they interact with technology; or that we are little more than surface and ritual behaviors, that can be simulated with metal and electrical circuits.Questions 1-6Reading passage 1 has six paragraphs, A-F.Which paragraph contains the following information?Write the correct letter, A-F, in boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet.NB you may use any letter more than once1 different ways of using robots2 a robot whose body has the same proportion as that of an adult3 the fact that human can be copied and replaced by robots4 a comparison between ASIMO from Honda and other robots5 the pros and cons of creating robots6 a robot that has eyebrowsQuestions 7-13Complete the following summary of the paragraphs of Reading Passage 1, using NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the Reading Passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 7-13 on your answer sheet.In 2003, Massachusetts displayed a robot named ASIMO which was invented by Honda, after a period of 7 in the making. The operating information is stored in the computer in its 8 so that scientists can control ASIMO's movement. While Japan is making great progress, MIT is developing robots that are human-like and can 9 humans. What is special about Kismet is that it has different 10 which can be read by human interlocutors. 11 is another robot from MIT, whose body's proportion is the same as an adult. By responding to the surroundings through 12 ,it could develop its 13 .文章题目：Man or Machine篇章结构体裁议论文题目是人还是机器结构A. ASMID研制成功并向公众展示的社会影响B. CSAIL一直致力于研制拟人机器人C. Cog是有着和人来一样的比例的机器人D. 在创造类人互动机器人方面, MIT走在前端E. 类人机器人的发展空间F. 创造类人机器人的利与弊试题分析Question 1-13题目类型：Information in relevant paragraph定位词文中对应点题目解析1Different ways E段第4句E段开头就引出创造机器人的成就, 随后并提出这些成就有一定的发展空间, 直到第四句说明这些类人机器人have a plethora of uses,用途多样. 因此答案为E2The same proportion...adultC段第2句C段第2句提到cog has a head...and its proportions were originally measured from the body of a researcher in the lab. 表明该机器人是按照成年人人体比例创造的, 因此答案为C3Copied replacedF段第3句F段第三句the aim to create...by the sense human...can be substituted..., that can be simulated 都表示人类可被机器等取代.因此答案为F4ComparisonASIMO... Pther robotsD段第2,3句D段第2句指出ASIMO is...but not an intelligent machine,because it is unable to...learn from experience.第3句又表明robots like...however, are beginning to do this. 体现出其他机器人能做到ASIMO所不能做到的自发学习. 因此答案为D5Pros and consF段第1句F段开头指出这些机器人证明了我们看待人性的方式, bring out the best and worst of us.这半句话体现出创造机器人的利与弊. 因此答案为F6eyebrowsB段倒数第4句B段倒数第四句提到one of MIT’S robots is...and has two eyes...and eyebrows. 因此答案B Question7-13 Summary from Reading Passagesummary参考解题思路: 先跳开空格把该段通读一遍, 了解大意, 发现总体是按照文章段落顺序概括的. (如有所遗忘, 再看原文各段段首句, 大概知道各句在文章的相应段落)解析: 第1句和第2句对应文章A段, 根据after a period of 7___in the making定位该段第3句, 答案为17 years. 然后根据文章倒数第四句its action are...controlled by scientists through...in its backpack.可以判断8答案为backpack. 该题第3, 4句对应文章B段, MIT is inventing robots...with the ability to 8___humans定位该段第2句behave like humans and interact with humans.可以判断9答案为interact with. 根据Kismet ...has various...by human interlocutors 定位原文倒数第2句human interlocutors are able to read some of the robots’ facial expressions得出10答案为facial expressions. 第5,6句对应原文C段, robot from MIT，proportion定位该段第1, 2句得出11答案为Cog/cognition. 最后根据该段最后一句getting a robot to develop intelligence via sensors判断12答案为sensors, 13 答案为intelligence.参考翻译：是人还是机器A在2003年7月，曼彻斯特的剑桥博物馆陈列了Honda称之为“世界最先进的人性机器人”：ASIMO (即“创新移动的进步之举)。
2013年7月6日雅思阅读机经整理-智课教育出国考试
智课网雅思备考资料2013年7月6日雅思阅读机经整理-智课教育出国考试下面是2013年7月6日雅思阅读机经的内容。
包括购物网站,一种快灭绝的鸟的保护建设以及人类语言的出现和发展这三个部分。
下面我们就一起来看看这次考试的雅思阅读考题会给大家带来哪些启发和借鉴呢?考试日期:2013年7月6日Reading Passage 1Title:购物网站Question types:True / False / Not Given; Sentence Completion文章内容回顾一个成功的英国网上购物网站,主要卖服饰,时尚服饰,化妆品。
cosmetics=make-upproducts还有male clothes相关英文原文阅读The internet boom of the late 1990s made price comparison profitable. Price comparison services were initially implemented as client-side add-ins to the Netscape and Internet explorer browsers, and required that additional software be downloaded and installed. After these initial efforts, comparison shopping migrated to theserver so that the service would be accessible to anyone with a browser. Services which are now offered by websites dedicated to price comparison and by major portals.ShoppingIn the late 1990s, as more people gained access to the internet, a range of shopping portals were built that listed retailers for specific product genres. Retailers listed paid the website a fixed fee for appearing. These were little more than an online version of the Yellow Pages. As technology has improved, a newer "breed" of shopping Web portals is being created that are changing both the business model and the features andfunctionality offered. These sites do not "aggregate" data-feeds provided from the retailers, they search and retrieve the data directly from each retailer site. That allows for a much more comprehensive list of retailers and the ability to update the data in real time.Generic portals and search engines launched similar services and companies that stood to benefit from increased internet shopping (especially credit card and delivery firms launched similar sites.ServicesThrough 1998 and 1999, various firms developed technology that searched retailers websites for prices and stored them in a central database. Users could then search for a product, and see a list of retailers and prices for that product. Advertisers did not pay to be listed, but paid for every click on a price. Streetprices, founded in 1997, has been a very early company in this space; it invented price graphs and email alerts in 1998.These useful services let users see the high and low price of any product graphed over time, and request email alerts when a product's price drops to the price the user wants. Other pricesearch engines have also evolved to provide consumers sophisticated price-tracking tools, such as price drop alerts and price history tracking.From 2004 onwards, home utility comparison services started gaining popularity in the UK, with the launch of several utility comparison sites, who have now grown into multi-million turnover corporations, including , Consumer Choices, , my Supermarket and USwitch.题型难度分析相对简单题型技巧分析本篇有填空题,填空题的做题步骤:1. 读题目要求,主要看字数要求,一般不超过三个或两个,一定要看清楚2. 读题目,并划出关键词,关键词首先是特殊的比如人名地名时间数字等,如果没有这些词,那就划出名词3. 对所填的空进行预测,预测所填空的词性,单复数情况4. 根据划出的关键词去文中定位5. 对定位部分进行分析,选出答案是非无判断题是雅思阅读考试的经典题型,首先应该注意看清是TR UE还是YES, 本篇是TRUE / FALSE/ NOT GIVEN。
2013年7月13日雅思阅读机经回忆解析
官方网站： 2013年7月13日雅思阅读机经回忆解析2013年7月13日雅思阅读机经回忆解析。
同学们可适当进行了解，雅思口语机经也是备考雅思听力的优选资料。
2013年7月13日雅思阅读机经解析2013年7月13日雅思阅读机经回忆Passage One题目：鱼与红光题型：T/F/NG, 单选, 填空分析：此篇之前没有考过，为生物类题材。
生物题材是雅思阅读的常考题材，自09年以来，生物类的话题几乎是在雅思A类三篇文章中必然出现的一类话题，涉及到的内容有动物的生活习性、基因的研究、器官的研究、植物的光合作用、植物体内的叶绿素等。
这些话题对于很多学生来讲并不十分熟悉，而且涉及到的专业术语多、句子复杂，因此很多学生感到做完题目都没弄懂文章的真正含义，这就需要我们在平时的阅读学习中积累这些话题的背景知识。
从题型来看，本篇考的全部为常考题型，且全部为顺序题型。
考生从前往后按顺序做答即可。
推荐练习篇目：剑5\TEST4\P3 (The effects of light on plant and animal species)。
Passage Two题目：美国电影和电影院的发展史题型：List of Headings ，matching，选择分析：此题于2009/11/19考过一次，因难度系数较高，缺少机经信息。
从题材上来看，这篇文章的题材属于社会科学类文章，社会科学是一个大类，包含了很多小的分支，比如教育、历史、考古、电脑、日历、垃圾问题、企业管理、音乐、数码产品等等。
本篇文中就属于历史类。
这类文章的特点是，生僻词汇不如生物和地理类多，常识性的内容可以为我们解题提供很大的帮助，文章涉及的是我们平日生活的方方面面，但是范围广、细节知识多，喜欢出现数字、调查结果等。
从题型来看，本篇有两道乱序题型：List of Headings 和matching。
若选择考查细节，则先做选择;List of Headings建议放的最后做。
雅思阅读机经真题解析-Novice and Expert
雅思阅读机经真题解析-Novice and Expert小站独家，雅思阅读机经真题解析。
一切患有雅思阅读刷题强迫症的烤鸭，请看这里。
小站精心整理了一批雅思阅读机经真题。
如果你的剑桥雅思阅读已是烂熟于心，那么这一系列的雅思阅读机经真题真的很适合你，搭配上绝对原创的讲解，还有全文的中文翻译，这等阅读大餐，还等什么!You should spend about 20 minutes on Question 14-26 which are based on Reading Passage below.Becoming an ExpertExpertise is commitment coupled with creativity. Specifically, it is the commitment of time, energy, and resources to a relatively narrow field of study and the creative energy necessary to generate new knowledge in that field. It takes a considerable amount of time and regular exposure to a large number of cases to become an expert.AAn individual enters a field of study as a novice. The novice needs to learn the guiding principles and rules of a given task in order to perform that task. Concurrently, the novice needs to be exposed to specific cases, or instances, that test the boundaries of such heuristics. Generally, a novice will find a mentor to guide her through the process. A fairly simple example would be someone learning to play chess. The novice chess player seeks a mentor to teach her the object of the game, the number of spaces, the names of the pieces, the function of each piece, how each piece is moved, and the necessary conditions for winning or losing the game.BIn time, and with much practice, the novice begins to recognize patterns of behavior within cases and. thus, becomes a journeyman. With more practice and exposure to increasingly complex cases, the journeyman finds patterns not only within cases but also between cases. More importantly, the journeyman learns that these patterns often repeat themselves over time. The journeyman still maintains regular contact with a mentor to solve specific problems and learn more complex strategies. Returning to the example of the chess player, the individual begins to learn patterns of opening moves, offensive and defensive game-playing strategies, and patterns of victory and defeat.CWhen a journeyman starts to make and test hypotheses about future behavior based on past experiences, she begins the next transition. Once she creatively generates knowledge, rather than simply matching superficial patterns, she becomes an expert. At this point, she is confident in her knowledge and no longer needs a mentor as a guide—she becomes responsible for her own knowledge. In the chess example, once a journeyman begins competing against experts, makes predictions based on patterns, and tests those predictions against actual behavior, she is generating new knowledgeand a deeper understanding of the game. She is creating her own cases rather than relying on the cases of others.DThe chess example is a rather short description of an apprenticeship model. Apprenticeship may seem like a restrictive 18th century mode of education, but it is still a standard method of training for many complex tasks. Academic doctoral programs are based on an apprenticeship model, as are fields like law, music, engineering, and medicine. Graduate students enter fields of study, find mentors, and begin the long process of becoming independent experts and generating new knowledge in their respective domains.EPsychologists and cognitive scientists agree that the time it takes to become an expert depends on the complexity of the task and the number of cases, or patterns, to which an individual is exposed. The more complex the task, the longer it takes to build expertise, or, more accurately, the longer it takes to experience and store a large number of cases or patterns.FThe Power of ExpertiseAn expert perceives meaningful patterns in her domain better than non-experts. Where a novice perceives random or disconnected data points, an expert connects regular patterns within and between cases. This ability to identify patterns is not an innate perceptual skill; rather it reflects the organization of knowledge after exposure to and experience with thousands of cases. Experts have a deeper understanding of their domains than novices do, and utilize higher-order principles to solve problems. A novice, for example, might group objects together by color or size, whereas an expert would group the same objects according to their function or utility. Experts comprehend the meaning of data and weigh variables with different criteria within their domains better than novices. Experts recognize variables that have the largest influence on a particular problem and focus their attention on those variables.GExperts have better domain-specific short-term and long-term memory than novices do. Moreover, experts perform tasks in their domains faster than novices and commit fewer errors while problem solving. Interestingly, experts go about solving problems differently than novices. Experts spend more time thinking about a problem to fully understand it at the beginning of a task than do novices, who immediately seek to find a solution. Experts use their knowledge of previous cases as context for creating mental models to solve given problems.HBetter at self-monitoring than novices, experts are more aware of instances where they have committed errors or failed to understand a problem. Experts check their solutions more often thannovices and recognize when they are missing information necessary for solving a problem. Experts are aware of the limits of their domain knowledge and apply their domain's heuristics to solve problems that fall outside of their experience base.IThe Paradox of ExpertiseThe strengths of expertise can also be weaknesses. Although one would expect experts to be good forecasters, they are not particularly good at making predictions about the future. Since the 1930s, researchers have been testing the ability of experts to make forecasts. The performance of experts has been tested against actuarial tables to determine if they are better at making predictions than simple statistical models. Seventy years later, with more than two hundred experiments in different domains, it is clear that the answer is no. If supplied with an equal amount of data about a particular case, an actuarial table is as good, or better, than an expert at making calls about the future. Even if an expert is given more specific case information than is available to the statistical model, the expert does not tend to outperform the actuarial table.JTheorists and researchers differ when trying to explain why experts are less accurate forecasters than statistical models. Some have argued that experts, like all humans, are inconsistent when using mental models to make predictions. A number of researchers point to human biases to explain unreliable expert predictions. During the last 30 years, researchers have categorized, experimented, and theorized about the cognitive aspects of forecasting. Despite such efforts, the literature shows little consensus regarding the causes or manifestations of human bias.Questions 1-5Complete the flow chartChoose No More Than Three Words from the Reading Passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 1-5on your answer sheet.From a novice to an expertNovice:↓need to study 1 under the guidance of a23↓start to identify 4 for cases within or between study more 5 ways of doing thingsExpert:create new knowledgeperform task independentlyQuestions 6-10Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 6-10 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement is trueFALSE if the statement is falseNOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage6. Novices and experts use the same system of knowledge to comprehend and classify objects.7. The focus of novices' training is necessarily on long term memory8. When working out the problems, novices want to solve them straight away.9. When handling problems, experts are always more efficient than novices in their fields.10. Expert tend to review more than novices on cases when flaws or limit on understanding took place.Questions 11-13Complete the following summary of the paragraphs of Reading Passage, using No More Than Two Words from the Reading Passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 11-13 on your answer sheet.While experts outperform novices and machines in pattern recognition and problem solving, expert predictions of future behavior or events are seldom as accurate as simple actuarial tables. Why? Some have tried to explain that experts differ when using cognitive 11 to forecast. Researchers believe it is due to 12 . However attempting endeavor of finding answers did not yet produce 13 .文章题目：Novice and Expert篇章结构体裁论说文题目新手与专家结构A 新手进入业界的首要任务B 新手积累经验之后的任务C 新手如何向专家过渡D 学徒关系训练法的重要性E 决定成为专家时间的因素F 专家更善于觉察并聚焦对于特定稳定有最大影响的变脸G 专家与新手的区别H 专家相对新手更擅长自我检测I 专家在预测未来方面不如数据统计J 专家预测未来逊于统计模型的原因试题分析Question 1-13题目类型：Question 1-5 Complete the flow chartQuestion 6-10 TRUE, FALSE, NOT GIVENQuestion 11-13 Answer the questions below题号定位词文中对应点题目解析1A novice , requires to studyA段第二句本题可以根据线索词novice定位在A-C段，由requires to study可以判断A段第二句中needs to learn为同义词。
雅思机经：2013年7月6日雅思口语机经
为⼤家整理了雅思机经：2013年7⽉6⽇雅思⼝语机经，仅供参考！！ 2013年7⽉6⽇雅思⼝语考试回忆 杭州 206 年轻⼥的 part 1礼物 student or work advertisement. Part2 描述⼀个尊敬的⽼⼈. Part 3 ⽼⼈在家⾥扮演什么⾓⾊。
⽼⼈和年轻⼈的关系。
⽼⼈可以带给下⼀代什么。
⽗母和他们⽗母的关系以及我们这⼀代什么什么的。
昆明财⼤ 07A P1 apartment or flat,housework,help doing housework when you were a child. P2 polite people u know. P3 different ways to show politeness between city and countryside. 青岛海⼤r2 p1⼯作学习玩具还有些记不起来了。
P2购物街p3 ⼤商场⼩商店的区别。
⼤商场会不会贵⼀些应不应该24⼩时营业谁会半夜以后出去买东西。
川⼤room502 ⽩⼈中年⼤叔很nice 会表情配合你说的 part1 ⼀天中最有效率的时间树的种种 part2 something makes u happy recently part3 ⾦钱和幸福的关系⾦钱带来的幸福和关系带来的幸福差别⼼情愉悦和⼯作效率⼯作狂开⼼吗 ⾸师范rm10 part1 house 喜欢什么样的 why part2 toy part3 以前现在有那些不同为什么哪些不同那种好。
男⼥toy 有什么不同。
杭州room307 p1student or work writing pressure p2a piece of clothing p3clothing in formal occasion fashion industy Thailand,Phuket. P1 house name drawing P2 an event in history P3 history subject important?popular?how to make history lessons more interesting? destroy old buildings good or not and why 郑州轻⼯业 RM04 ⽩⼈⼥考官 p1what dou like to do in leisure time/concentrate/time to relax p2a person who has an important job p3change jobs/ideal job记不全了在外⾯等的时候RM03的男考官⼀直对我笑我真恨不得扎他怀⾥考试！希望这个⼥的不压分 南理⼯RM420 ⼀个年轻的帅⼩伙，发⾳很标准，⼈很nice. P1:live in apartment or house;喜欢读报纸还是上看新闻；你喜欢帮助你家附近的⼩孩吗？你认为⼤家以后会在上买东西多过去实体店吗？ P2： a useful website P3:关于Website问了⼀连串问题 杭州room307 p1student or work writing pressure p2a piece of clothing p3clothing in formal occasion fashion industry 南理⼯412 碰到个超亲切的⽼头。
雅思阅读机经真题解析-Making Copier
【点课台出品】雅思阅读机经真题解析-Making Copier点课台独家，雅思阅读机经真题解析。
一切患有雅思阅读刷题强迫症的烤鸭，请看这里。
点课台精心整理了一批雅思阅读机经真题。
如果你的剑桥雅思阅读已是烂熟于心，那么这一系列的雅思阅读机经真题真的很适合你，搭配上绝对原创的讲解，还有全文的中文翻译，这等阅读大餐，还等什么!Making CopierA t first, nobody bought Chester Carlson’s strange idea. But trillions ofdocuments later, his invention is the biggest thing in printing sinceCutenburgA Copying is the engine of civilization: culture is behavior duplicated. Theoldest copier invented by people is language, by which an idea of yours becomes an idea of mine. The second great copying machine was writing. When theSumerians transposed spoken words into stylus marks on clay tablets more than 5,000 years ago, they hugely extended the human network that language had created. Writing freed copying from the chain of living contact. It made ideas permanent, portable and endlessly reproducible.B Until Johann Gutenberg invented the printing press in the mid-1400s,producing a book in an edition of more than one generally meant writing it outagain. Printing with moveable type was not copying, however. Gutenberg couldn’ttake a document that already existed, feed it into his printing press and run off facsimiles. The first true mechanical copier was manufactured in 1780, when James Watt, who is better known as the inventor of the modern steam engine,created the copying press. Few people today know what a copying press was, butyou may have seen one in an antiques store, where it was perhaps called a book press. A user took a document freshly written in special ink, placed a moistened sheet of translucent paper against the inked surface and squeezed the two sheets together in the press, causing some of the ink from the original to penetrate the second sheet, which could then be read by turning it over and looking through its back. The high cost prohibits the widespread use of this copier.C Among the first modem copying machines, introduced in 1950 by 3M, was theThermo-Fax, and it made a copy by shining infrared light through an original document and a sheet of paper that had been coated with heat-sensitivechemicals. Competing manufacturers soon introduced other copying technologies and marketed machines called Dupliton, Dial-A-Matic Autostat, Verifax, Copease and Copymation. These machines and their successors were welcomed bysecretaries, who had no other means of reproducing documents in hand, but each had serious drawbacks. All required expensive chemically treated papers. And allmade copies that smelled bad, were hard to read, didn’t last long and tended tocurl up into tubes. The machines were displaced, beginning in the late 1800s, bya combination of two 19th century inventions: the typewriter and carbon paper.For those reasons, copying presses were standard equipment in offices for nearlya century and a half.D None of those machines are still manufactured today. They were all made obsolete by a radically different machine, which had been developed by an obscure photographic-supply company. That company had been founded in 1906 as the Haloid Company and is known today as the Xerox Corporation. In 1959, it introduced an office copier called the Haloid Xerox 914, a machine that, unlike its numerous competitors, made sharp, permanent copies on ordinary paper-a huge breakthrough. The process, which Haloid called xerography (based on Greek words meaning “dry” and “writing”), was so unusual and nonnutritive that physicists who visited the drafty warehouses where the first machines were built sometimes expressed doubt that it was even theoretically feasible.E Remarkably, xerography was conceived by one person- Chester Carlson, a shy, soft-spoken patent attorney, who grew up in almost unspeakable poverty and worked his way through junior college and the California Institute of Technology. Chester Carlson was born in Seattle in 1906. His parents-Olof Adolph Carlson and Ellen Josephine Hawkins—had grown up on neighboring farms in Grove City, Minnesota, a tiny Swedish farming community about 75 miles west of Minneapolis. Compare with competitors, Carlson was not a normal inventor in 20-century. He made his discovery in solitude in 1937 and offered it to more than 20 major corporations, among them IBM, General Electric, Eastman Kodak and RCA. All of them turned him down, expressing what he later called “an enthusiastic lack of interest” and thereby passing up the opportunity tomanufacture what Fortune magazine would describe as “the most successful productever marketed in America.”F Carlson’s invention was indeed a commercial triumph. Essentially overnight,people began making copies at a rate that was orders of magnitude higher than anyone had believed possible. And the rate is still growing. In fact, most documents handled by a typical American office worker today are produced xerographically, either on copiers manufactured by Xerox and its competitors or on laser printers, which employ the same process (and were invented, in the 1970s, by a Xerox researcher). This year, the world will produce more than threetrillion xerographic copies and laser-printed pages—about 500 for every human onearth.G Xerography eventually made Carlson a very wealthy man. (His royaltiesamounted to something like a 16th of a cent for every Xerox copy made,worldwide, through 1965.) Nevertheless, he lived simply. He never owned a second home or a second car, and his wife had to urge him not to buy third class train tickets when he traveled in Europe. People who knew him casually seldomsuspected that he was rich or even well-to-do; when Carlson told an acquaintance he worked at Xerox, the man assumed he was a factory worker and asked if he belonged to a union. “His possessions seemed to be composed of the number of things he could easily do without,” his second wife said. He spent the last years of his life quietly giving most of his fortune to charities. When he diedin 1968, among the eulogizers was the secretary-general of the United Nations.Questions 1-6Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this1. The earliest languages were recorded on papyrus.2. when applying Johann Gutenberg’s printing machine, it requires lots of training.3. James Watt invented modem steam engine before he made his first mechanical copier.4. using the Dupliton copiers and follower versions are very costly.5. The typewriters with carbon papers were taken place of very soon because they were not sold well6. The Haloid Xerox 914 model also required specially treated paper for making copies.Questions 7-13Complete the notes below using No More Than Three Words from the ReadingPassage.Write your answers in boxes 7-13 on your answer sheet.Calson, unlike a20-centnry 7 , like to work on hisown. In 1937, he unsuccessfully invited 20 major 8 tomake his discovery. However, this action was not welcome among shareholders atbeginning, all of them 9 .Eventually Calson’s creation was undeniably a 10 . Thanks for the discovery of Xerography, Calson became a very 11 person. Even so, his life remains assimple as before. It looks as if he can live without his 12 . At the same time, he gave lots of hismoney to 13 .。
800篇雅思阅读机经
800篇雅思阅读机经【原创实用版】目录1.雅思阅读机经的背景和意义2.雅思阅读机经的内容和分类3.雅思阅读机经的作用和价值4.如何有效地利用雅思阅读机经5.结论正文一、雅思阅读机经的背景和意义雅思阅读机经是指在雅思考试中出现的阅读题目及答案的汇总，它是由历年雅思考试真题及答案整理而来。
雅思阅读机经的出现，为考生提供了一种有效的备考方法，帮助考生熟悉考试题型、了解出题规律，从而提高考试成绩。
二、雅思阅读机经的内容和分类雅思阅读机经的内容主要包括以下几类：1.题型分类：雅思阅读题目主要分为事实细节题、推理判断题、主旨大意题和文章结构题等。
每种题型都有其独特的解题方法，考生需要通过练习机经来熟悉各种题型的特点，掌握解题技巧。
2.文章题材分类：雅思阅读文章主要涉及自然科学、社会科学、人文科学和学术论文等。
不同题材的文章有不同的写作风格和表达方式，考生需要通过阅读机经来积累各类题材的词汇和表达，以便在考试中迅速理解文章。
3.题目难度分类：雅思阅读题目按照难度分为容易题、中等题和难题。
考生需要根据自己的水平选择合适的题目进行练习，逐步提高自己的解题能力。
三、雅思阅读机经的作用和价值雅思阅读机经具有以下作用和价值：1.熟悉考试题型：通过练习机经，考生可以熟悉雅思阅读考试的各种题型，了解题目要求和解题方法，为考试做好充分的准备。
2.提高解题速度：机经中的题目都是历年真题，考生可以通过大量练习提高解题速度，提高考试时的答题效率。
3.积累词汇和表达：机经中的文章涉及各类学科和题材，考生可以通过阅读积累词汇和表达，为考试中的阅读理解打下坚实的基础。
4.提高阅读理解能力：通过练习机经，考生可以提高自己的阅读理解能力，更好地把握文章的主旨和结构，提高答题的准确率。
四、如何有效地利用雅思阅读机经要想有效地利用雅思阅读机经，考生需要做到以下几点：1.选择适合自己的机经：考生要根据自己的水平和需求选择合适的机经，避免过于简单或过于困难，以免影响备考效果。
2013年截止至9月21雅思写作机经详细整理
1月5号雅思A类大作文reading for pleasure can be better developed in imagination and language skills than watching tv. to what extent you agree or disagree. 小作文是pie charts-离开和留在英国的不同原因。
雅思写作G类大作文Task 2 Some people Believe Children should do what their parents tell them to do. Others think children must learn thinking themselves. Discuss both and give your opinion!1月10日小作文：比较音乐，时尚，体育杂志六年间的销量，只有一张曲线图。
大作文：工作不满意人生就没意义，赞成不赞成1月12日A类task1——Bar——The bar charts show the different birth rate in five countries in 2 years. task2——教育——In some countries, the parents expect children tospend long time in studying both in and after school and have less freetime. Do you think it has positive or negative effects on children andthe society?G类task1——申请信task2——育儿——Some people believe children should do what theirparents tell them to do. Others think children must learn thinkingthemselves. Discuss both and give your opinion.1月19日A类小作文饼图大作文题目：childcare is an important task for nations. it is suggested that all mothers and fathers should be required to take childcare courses. to what extent do you agree or disagree2月2日A类task1——Bar charts——the percentage of boys and girls getting high grades in a country in 1960 and 2000.task2——育儿——Some people think it's all bad for children to watch TV, others believe watching TV can bring positive effects on children when they grow up, discuss both and give your own opinion.G类G类大作文为预测中的生活与社会类的结合。
2013年7月06日雅思听力机经回忆解析
2013年7月06日雅思听力机经回忆解析2013年7月06日雅思听力机经回忆解析。
同学们可适当进行了解，雅思口语机经也是备考雅思听力的优选资料。
2013年7月06日雅思听力机经解析Section 1 版本号：New 场景：Job Hunting 题型：填空简介：找兼职工作2013年7月06日雅思听力机经回忆详细回忆1. address2. Sunday 全天工作3-4.工作内容：lifting heavy items and watering plants5-6. 需要什么能力：communication skill, basic skills in math7. Interview time: 5 pm8. telephone number9. 联系人：Rapana10. 记得要带：passport词汇扩展：accountant会计cashier 收银员cleaner 清洁工dentist牙医designer设计师office assistant办公室助理receptionist前台接待research assistant研究助理social worker社会工作者waiter/waitress服务员respond to enquiry回应问题answer the phone应答电话think quickly思维敏捷clear voice声音清晰good pay薪金优厚flexible working hours机动工时extra workload额外工作量注意事项：考察了很多专有名词的拼写，如名字、日期、地址等;强调填空题拼写格式，如专有名词的首字母大写;名词单复数等。
以上就是小编为大家整理的“2013年7月06日雅思听力机经回忆解析”部分内容，更多资料请点击雅思资料下载频道!。
月6日雅思阅读机经[A类]
![月6日雅思阅读机经[A类]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/e1ffb8d6680203d8ce2f2472.png)
Triassic period. The skull of the crocodile still resembles in many ways those of the primitive archosaurs. Their bodies, however, developed the external appearance of the phytosaurs because of their aquatic lifestyle. The crocodile is the only archosaur that survived the still unknown factors that wiped out most of the reptile class at the end of the Mesozoic period. Though modern crocodiles walk on 4 legs, their two legged ancestry is revealed by their hind legs which are longer than the front legs, making them slant forward when they stand. The crocodilian skull still carries a basically archosaurean shape. It has a rather long, pointed skull, especially in the fish eating species of crocodiles.The biggest, most prominent change in the crocodile since its early days is to the palate. The palate is the flat bony part at the roof of the mouth. In phytosaurs, the nostril holes in the palate are located under the outer nostrils, which were shifted to the far back of their snout. However in crocodiles, the nostrils are located at the front of the snout. This caused a problem in keeping the breathing passages from filling with water. Millions of years of evolution solved this problem. A second palate was formed, channeling the air above the mouth and into the throat passageway, where it can be opened and closed by a special flap or valve of skin. Crocodiles are actually classified on the basis of how far back their secondary palate extends, ranging from those who have no secondary palate to those with a fully formed palate separating the air they breathe from the water in their mouths.The first crocodilians were called Protosuchians, living during the late Triassic to early Jurassic times. The difference between these and modern crocodiles is in the legs. The Protosuchians had very strong overdeveloped legs, which were set at right angles to the body. These allowed the animal to carry itself higher off the ground and probably gave them much more speed than their modern day counterparts. These legs also lead scientists to believe that these reptiles mostly lived on land. Beginning in the Jurassic period, the crocodilians quickly filled the gap of the extinct phytosaurs, becoming large and fully aquatic reptiles. The Mesosuchians were the next evolution of the protosuchians and lived during the Jurassic period and beyond. These reptiles had not yet developed a secondary palate, but were much more adapted to aquatic life than its predecessor. They had strong armor plating, made from a series of paired large bones on their back with smaller plates on its undersides. Theytogether in an attempt to emulate the sounds of their clubs thumping dully upon the head of some prey, or the hollow melon sound of a neighbor’s skull when they were fighting amongst themselves over some chunk of meat, or for the best looking mate. The former most likely, due to the fact that the latter would be a six of one half dozen of the other proposition, cosmetics having yet to be invented.In any case, as far as the origin of music is concerned, drums were probably the first primitive music instrument if we remove the human voice from the equation.The Encyclopedia Britannica states "Drums appear with wide geographic distribution in archaeological excavations from Neolithic times onward。
雅思G类阅读答案机经 文档
第一篇：收音机Radio AutomationToday they are everywhere. Production lines controlled by computers and operated by robots. There's no chatter of assembly workers, just the whirr and click of machines. In the mid-1940s, the workerless factory was still the stuff of science fiction. There were no computers to speak of and electronics was primitive. Yet hidden away in the English countryside was a highly automated production line called ECME, which could turn out 1500 radio receivers a day with almost no help from human hands.AJohn Sargrove, the visionary engineer who developed the technology, was way ahead of his time. For more than a decade, Sargrove had been trying to figure out how to make cheaper radios. Automating the manufacturing process would help. But radios didn't lend themselves to such methods: there were too many parts to fit together and too many wires to solder. Even a simple receiver might have 30 separate components and 80 hand-soldered connections. At every stage, things had to be tested and inspected. Making radios required highly skilled labor-and lots of it.BIn 1944, Sargrove came up with the answer. His solution was to dispense with most of the fiddly bits by inventing a primitive chip-a slab of Bakelite with all the receiver's electrical components and connections embedded in it. This was something that could be made by machines, and he designed those too. At the end of the war, Sargrove built an automatic production line, which he called ECME (electronic circuit-making equipment), in a small factory in Effingham, Surrey.ECME LineCAn operator sat at one end of each ECME line, feeding in the plates. She didn't need much skill, only quick hands. From now on, everything was controlled by electronic switches and relays. First stop was the sandbluster, which roughened the surface of the plastic so that molten metal would stick to it. The plates were then cleaned to remove any traces of grit. The machine automatically checked that the surface was rough enough before sending the plate to the spraying section. There, eight nozzles rotated into position and sprayed molten zinc over both sides of the plate. Again, the nozzles only began to spray when a plate was in place. The plate whizzed on. The next stop was the milling machine, which ground away the surface layer of metal to leave the circuit and other components in the grooves and recesses. Now the plate was a composite of metal and plastic. It sped on to be lacquered and have its circuits tested. By the time it emerged from the end of the line, robot hands had fitted it with sockets to attach components such as valves and loudspeakers. When ECME was working flat out, the whole process took 20 seconds.DECME was astonishingly advanced. Electronic eyes, photocells that generated a small current when a panel arrived, triggered each step in the operation, so avoiding excessive wear and tear on the machinery The plates were automatically tested at each stage as they moved along the conveyor. And if more than two plates in successionwere duds, the machines were automatically adjusted-or If necessary halted. In a conventional factory, workers would test faulty- circuits and repair them. But Sargrove's assembly line produced circuits so cheaply they Just threw away the faulty ones. Sargrove's circuit board was even more astonishing for the time. It predated the more familiar printed circuit, with wiring printed on aboard, yet was more sophisticated. Its built-in components made it more like a modem chip.EWhen Sargrove unveiled his invention at a meeting of the British Institution of Radio Engineers in February 1947, the assembled engineers were impressed. So was the man from The Times. ECME, he reported the following day, "produces almost without human labour, a complete radio receiving set. This new method of production can be equally well applied to television and other forms of electronic apparatus."FThe receivers had many advantages over their predecessors. Wit components they were more robust. Robots didn't make the sorts of mistakes human assembly workers sometimes did. "Wiring mistakes just cannot happen/ wrote Sargrove. No wires also meant the radios were lighter and cheaper to ship abroad. And with no soldered wires to come unstuck, the radios were more reliable. Sargrove pointed out that the circuit boards didn't have to be flat. They could be curved, opening up the prospect of building the electronics into the cabinet of Bakelite radios.GSargrove was all for introducing this type of automation to other products. It could be used to make more complex electronic equipment than radios, he argued. And even if only part of a manufacturing process were automated, the savings would be substantial. But while his invention was brilliant, his timing was bad. ECME was too advanced for its own good. It was only competitive on huge production runs because each new job meant retooling the machines. But disruption was frequent. Sophisticated as it was, ECME still depended on old-fashioned electromechanical relays and valves-which failed with monotonous regularity. The state of Britain's economy added to Sargrove's troubles. Production was dogged by power cuts and post-war shortages of materials. Sargrove's financial backers began to get cold feet.HThere was another problem Sargrove hadn't foreseen. One of ECME's biggest advantages-the savings on the cost of labour-also accelerated its downfall. Sargrove's factory had two ECME production lines to produce the two circuits needed for each radio. Between them these did what a thousand assembly workers would otherwise have done. Human hands were needed only to feed the raw material in at one end and plug the valves into their sockets and fit the loudspeakers at the other. After that, the only job left was to fit the pair of Bakelite panels into a radio cabinet and check that it worked.ISargrove saw automation as the way to solve post-war labor shortages. With somewhat Utopian idealism, he imagined his new technology would free people from boring, repetitive jobs on the production line and allow them to do more interestingwork. "Don't get the idea that we are out to rob people of their jobs,' he told the Daily Mirror. “Our task is to liberate men and women from being slaves of machines."JThe workers saw things differently. They viewed automation in the same light as the everlasting light bulb or the suit that never wears out-as a threat to people's livelihoods. If automation spread, they wouldn't be released to do more exciting jobs. They'd be released to join the dole queue. Financial backing for ECME fizzled out. The money dried up. And Britain lost its lead in a technology that would transform industry just a few years later.Question 1-7SummaryThe following diagram explains the process of ECME:Complete the following chart of the paragraphs of Reading Passage, using no more than two words from the Reading Passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.Question 8-11SummaryComplete the following summary of the paragraphs of Reading Passage, using no more than two words from the Reading Passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 8-11 on your answer sheet.Sargrove had been dedicated to create a___8___radio by automation of manufacture. The old version of radio had a large number of independent___9___After this innovation made, wireless-style radios became___10___and inexpensive to export oversea. As the Sargrove saw it, the real benefit of ECME's radio was that it reduced___11___of manual work .which can be easily copied to other industries of manufacturing electronic devices.Cheaper、components、lighter、costQuestion 12-13Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write your answers in boxes 12-13 on your answer sheet.12 What were workers attitude towards ECME Model initially? AA anxiousB welcomingC boringD inspiring13 What is the main idea of this passage? CA approach to reduce the price of radioB a new generation of fully popular products and successful businessC an application of the automation in the early stageD ECME technology can be applied in many product fields篇章结构:体裁说明文题目收音机自动化---集成电路的先驱结构Paragraph 1: 在电子技术极其落后的1940s, 英国出现了收音机自动化生产线---ECME.A段：收音机并不特别适合用自动化流程生产。
《雅思阅读机经37》答案解析
37101竹子神奇的植物1利用题目信息定位于B段，“There are almost1,600 recognised species of bamboo,but the report concentrated on the1,200or so woody varieties distinguished by the strong stems,or'culms',that most people associate with this versatile plant.Of these,only38'priority species'identified for their commercial value have been the subject of any real scientific research to date.”因此，正确答案为B。
2利用题目信息定位于E段，'Some plants are threatened because they can’t survive in the habitat-they aren’t strong enough or there aren’t enough of them,perhaps.But bamboo can take care of itself-it’s strong enough to survive if left alone.’因此，正确答案为E。
3利用题目信息定位于D段，’Traditionally it is used in construction,but one of the fastest growing bamboo products is paper-25per cent of paper produced in India is made from bamboo fibre.‘因此，正确答案为D4利用题目信息定位于A段，’All over the world,the ranges of many bamboo species appear to be shrinking,endangering the people and animals that depend upon them.‘因此，正确答案为A。
2013年7月6日雅思写作分析与范文参考
2013年7月6日雅思写作分析与范文参考小作文: 比较2000年到2007年waste not recycle和recycle区别写作策略：动态图，按时间顺序写。
先写总量，然后一段recycled，一段not recycled。
大作文：Space travel has been possible for some time and some people think the space tourism could be developed in the future. To what extent do you think it's a positive or negative development？提纲：American, Russia and my country China have successfully sent their astronauts to the outer space. Inspired by space technology, some wealthy ambitious explorers have extended their sight beyond the earth. While the idea of commercial space flight is being conceived by some pioneer organizations, some concerns are raised in terms of the adverse effects on human body and the environment. （非谓语，平行句型）Surely orbit flight is an exciting and worthwhile experience. The breath taking view of our blue Earth from the space, the non-twinkling starts hanging on the dark endless outer space background and walking in the space of microgravity definitely would expand their horizon and impress the participants for life. The most important drive behind this enthusiasm for space tourism should be the potential billion dollar business. Such a trip can cost 20 million dollars for each person now, but the price is expected to decline gradually with the advance of aviation technology, hoping to attract wider spectrum of class groups. Therefore prosperity in space tourism is being predicted in future decades by some optimists. （转折句，非谓语，现在进行时的被动句）However, cautious optimism is another attitude towards this prospect. Scientists are concerned about the impact on the environment of launching a rocket, which emits much larger amount of carbon than any other transportation on the earth, accelerating global warming. In addition, safety and health issues have to be considered. It has obviously been noticed that astronauts living long term in weightlessness are confronted with physical deterioration including loss of bone and muscle mass. Constrained in a small cabin tends to suffer from psychological changes such as depression, anxiety and insomnia. However, space tour tends to be as short as a couple of hours and these effects can be minor and temporary. （定语从句，比较句型，非谓语，形式主语）To sum up my idea, space tourism can be expected to flourish like the international tourism on the earth in the last decades. Meanwhile it is also true that there will be some negative impacts on the environment and tourists’ physical and psychological condition. As humans always do, they gain some progress at the cost of something else. （形式主语，形式状语从句）词汇拓展：1.Astronaut 飞行员2.ambitious 有抱负的3.extend their sight beyond 目光越过4.adverse effects 负面影响5.conceive 酝酿6.raise concerns 提出顾虑mercial space flight 商业太空飞行8.orbit flight 绕地球太空飞行9.optimist 乐观主义者10.breath taking 令人赞叹的11.microgravity 微重力12.expand their horizon 拓宽视野13.impress 留下印象14.drive 动力15.expect 期待16.predict 预期17.aviation 航空18.wider spectrum of 广泛的19.prosperity 繁荣20.decade 十年21.twinkling 闪烁的22.cautious optimism 谨慎乐观23.attitude 态度unch a rocket 发射火箭25.accelerate 加速26.weightlessness 失重27.deterioration 恶化28.constrain 束缚29.cabin 小阁子30.insomnia 失眠31.temporary 临时的32.minor 微小33.flourish 兴旺。
雅思阅读机经真题解析--CosmeticsInAncientPast
雅思阅读机经真题解析--CosmeticsInAncientPast为了帮助大家在备考雅思的时候能够练习到更多的真题材料，下面小编给大家带来雅思阅读机经真题解析--Cosmetics In Ancient Past，望喜欢！雅思阅读机经真题解析--Cosmetics In Ancient PastASince cosmetics and perfumes are still in wide use today, it is interesting to compare the attitudes, customs and beliefs related to them in ancient times to those of our own day and age. Cosmetics and perfumes have been popular since the dawn of civilization; it is shown by the discovery of a great deal of pertinent archeological material, dating from the third millennium BC. Mosaics, glass perfume flasks, stone vessels, ovens, cooking-pots, clay jars, etc., some inscribed by the hand of the artisan. evidence also appears in the Bible and other classical writings, where it is written that spices and perfumes were prestigious products known throughout the ancient world and coveted by kings and princes. The written and pictorial descriptions, as well as archaeological findings, all show how important body care and aesthetic appearance were in the lives of the ancient people. The chain of evidence spans many centuries, detailing the usage of cosmetics in various cultures from the earliest period of recorded history.BIn antiquity, however, at least in the onset, cosmetics served in religious ceremonies and for healing purposes. Cosmetics were also connected with cultic worship and witchcraft: to appease the various gods, fragrant ointments were applied to the statuary images and even to their attendants. From this, in the course oftime, developed the custom of personal use, to enhance the beauty of the face and the body, and to conceal defects.CPerfumes and fragrant spices were precious commodities in antiquity, very much in demand, and at times even exceeded silver and gold in value. Therefore they were luxury products, used mainly in the temples and in the homes of the noble and the wealthy. The Judean kings kept them in treasure houses (2 Kings 20:13).And the Queen of Sheba brought to Solomon "camels laden with spices, gold in great quantity and precious stones." (1 Kings 10:2,10). However, within time, the use of cosmetics became the custom of that period. The use of cosmetics became widespread among the lower classes as well as among the wealthy; in the same way they washed the body, so they used to care for the body with substances that softened the skin and anoint it with fragrant oils and ointments.DFacial treatment was highly developed and women devoted many hours to it. They used to spread various scented creams on the face and to apply makeup in vivid and contrasting colors. An Egyptian papyrus from the 16th century BC contains detailed recipes to remove blemishes, wrinkles, and other signs of age. Greek and Roman women would cover their faces in the evening with a "beauty mask" to remove blemishes, which consisted mainly of flour mixed with fragrant spices, leaving it on their face all night. The next morning they would wash it off with asses' milk. The very common creams used by women in the ancient Far East, particularly important in the hot climate and prevalent in that area of the globe, were made up of oils and aromatic scents. Sometimes the oil in these creams was extracted from olives,almonds, gourds, sesame, or from trees and plants; but, for those of limited means, scented animal and fish fats were commonly used.EWomen in ancient past commonly put colors around their eyes. Besides beautification, its purpose was also medicinal as covering the sensitive skin of the lids with colored ointments that prevented dryness and eye diseases: the eye-paint repelled the little flies that transmitted eye inflammations. Egyptian women colored the upper eyelid black and the lower one green, and painted the space between the upper lid and the eyebrow gray or blue. The women of Mesopotamia favored yellows and reds. The use of kohl for painting the eyes is mentioned three times in the Bible, always with disapproval by the sages (2 Kings, 9:30; Jeremiah 4:30; Ezekiel 23:40). In contrast, Job names one of his daughters “Keren Happukh” —“horn of eye paint” (Job 42:14) FGreat importance was attached to the care for hair in ancient times. Long hair was always considered a symbol of beauty, and kings, nobles and dignitaries grew their hair long and kept it well-groomed and cared for. Women devoted much time to the style of the hair, while not culling, they would apply much care to it by arranging it skillfully in plaits and "building it up" sometimes with the help of wigs. Egyptian women generally wore their hair flowing down to their shoulders or even longer. In Mesopotamia, women cherished long hair as a part of their beauty, and hair flowing down their backs in a thick plait and tied with a ribbon is seen in art. Assyrian women wore their hair shorter, braiding and binding it in a bun at the back. In Ancient Israel, brides would wear their hair long on the wedding day as a sign of their virginity.Ordinary people and slaves, however, usually wore their hair short, mainly for hygienic reasons, since they could not afford to invest in the kind of treatment that long hair required.GFrom the Bible and Egyptian and Assyrian sources, as well as the words of classical authors, it appears that the centers of the trade in aromatic resins and incense were located in the kingdom of Arabia, and even as far as India, where some of these precious aromatic plants were grown. "Dealers from Sheba and Rammah dealt with you, offering the choicest spices..." (Ezekiel 27:22). The Nabateans functioned as the important middlemen in this trade; Palestine also served as a very important component, as the trade routes crisscrossed the country. It is known that the Egyptian Queen Hatsheput (15th century BC) sent a royal expedition to the Land of Punt (Somalia) in order to bring back myrrh seedlings to plant in her temple. In Assyrian records of tribute and spoils of war, perfumes and resins are mentioned; the text from the time of Tukulti-Ninurta II (890-884 BC) refers to balls of myrrh as part of the tribute brought to the Assyrian king by the Aramaean kings. The trade in spices and perfumes is also mentioned in the Bible as written in Genesis (37:25-26), "Camels carrying gum tragacanth and balm and myrrh".Questions 15-21Reading Passage 2 has 7 paragraphs A-G.Which paragraph contains the following information?Write your answers in boxes 15-21 on your answer sheet.15 recipes to conceal facial defects caused by aging16 perfumes were presented to conquerors in war17 long hair of girls had special meanings in marriage18 evidence exists in abundance showing cosmetics use inancient times19 protecting eyes from fly-transmitted diseases20 from witchcraft to beautification21 more expensive than goldQuestions 22-27Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?In boxes 22-27 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement is trueFALSE if the statement is falseNOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage22 The written record for cosmetics and perfumes dates back to the third millennium BC.p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 1 0 " > 2 3 S i n c e p e r f u m e s a n d s p i c e s w e r e l u x u r y p r o d u c t s , t h e i r u s e w a s e x c l u s i v e t o t h e n o b l e a n d t h e w e a l t h y . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 1 1 " > 2 4 I n a n c i e n t F a r E a s t , f i s h f a t s w e r e u s e d a s c r e a m b y w o m e n f r o m p o o r h o u s e h o l d s . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 1 2 " > 2 5 T h e t e a c h i n g s i n t h e B i b l e w e r e r e p e a t e d l y a g a i n s t t h e u s e o f k o h l f o r p a i n t i n g t h e e y e s . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 1 3 " > 2 6 L o n g h a i r a s a s y m b o l o f b e a u t y w a s w o r n s o l e l y b y w o m e n o f a n c i e n t c u l t u r e s . / p > p s t y l e = " t e x t - i n d e n t : 2 e m ; t e x t - a l i g n : l e f t ; " b d s f i d = " 1 1 4 " > 2 7 T h e E g y p t i a n Q u e e n H a t s h e p u t s e n t a r o y a l e x p e d i t i o n t o P u n t t o e s t a b l i s h a t r a d e r o u t e f o r m y r r h . / p >。
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考试日期： 2013 年 7 月 6 日 Reading Passage 1 Title: Question types: 购物网站 True / False / Not Given; Sentence Completion 一个成功的英国网上购物网站，主要卖服饰，时尚服饰，化妆品。 文章内容回顾 cosmetics=make-up products 还有 male clothes 题型难度分析 相对简单 本篇有填空题，填空题的做题步骤： 1. 读题目要求，主要看字数要求，一般不超过三个或两个，一定要看清楚 2. 读题目，并划出关键词，关键词首先是特殊的比如人名地名时间数字等，如 果没有这些词，那就划出名词 3. 对所填的空进行预测，预测所填空的词性，单复数情况 4. 根据划出的关键词去文中定位 5. 对定位部分进行分析，选出答案 是非无判断题是雅思阅读考试的经典题型，首先应该注意看清是 TRUE 还是 题型技巧分析 YES, 本篇是 TRUE / FALSE/ NOT GIVEN。 解题步骤： 1. 速读问题的句子，找出考点词（容易有问题的部分）。考点词：比较级，最 高级，数据（时间），程度副词，特殊形容词，绝对化的词（only, most, each, any, every, the same as 等） 2. 排除考点词，在余下的词中找定位词，去原文定位。 3. 重点考察考点词是否有提及，是否正确。 TRUE 的原则是同义替换，至少有一组近义词。 FALSE 是题目和原文截然相反，不可共存，通常有至少一组反义词。 NOT GIVEN 原文未提及，不做任何推断，尤其多考察题目的主语等名词在原文 中是否有提及。 剑桥雅思推荐 剑 4 Test 1 Passage 1 原文练习 剑 5 Test 3 Passage 1
Reading Passage 2 Title: Question types: 文章内容回顾 题型难度分析 一种快灭绝的鸟的保护建设 Heading; Short Answer Questions; Sentence Completion 关于英国一种快灭绝的珍贵的鸟的保护建设，鸟的食物来源，如何保护， 取得的成绩。 给段落配标题稍难
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新东方雅思培训：/kcnet430/ 需要更多资料请加 qq 索取：1613508081
事件，地点配事件。这种题目在做的时候要注意以下几点： 2. 审题， Instruction。 读 一般来说， 都会有 You may use any letter more than once. 遇到这行字时，提醒考生一般本题中肯定会有一个字母用两 次，而且只有一个字母会重复。 3. 迅速浏览人名，在文章中圈出人名。 4. 通读配对的另一方，划出关键词。 5. 在文章中圈出的人名旁找相应信息与关键词进行匹配。
新东方雅思培训：/kcnet430/ 需要更多资料请加 qq 索取：1613508081
新东方雅思培训：/kcnet430/ 需要更多资料请加 qq 索取：1613508081
Heading 题型做题步骤： 1. 读题目要求，注意是将 heading 前的序号写在答题卡上。 2. 划去 Example 项，在 Lists of headings 中将例子的标题划去，同时将对 应段落在文章中划去，以免做题时重复找。 3. 在给出的标题中划出关键词，以名词为主 4. 读文章段落，主要读段首和段尾，找出主题句 题型技巧分析 5. 将段落主题句和标题相比较，选出答案 注意事项： 1. 在找主题句的时候，段首不一定是段落的第一句，很多时候尤其是第二 段及以后的段落第一句往往是对上一段的概括，第二句第三句才是主题句 2. 如果本段有 however, but 等转折词汇以及 also, although 等，主题句即 作者的中心在其后面 3. 如果某段中重复出现标题中的某个关键词，也可以判定此段的标题即是 含有这个关键词的标题 剑桥雅思推荐原文 练习 剑 3 Test 4 Passage 1 Reading Passage 3 Title: Question types: 文章内容回顾 题型难度分析 人类语言的出现和发展 Matching; True / False / Not Given 关于人类语言的形成理论，2 个理论，语言形成的时间。 配对题较难，给文章中讲到的两个理论配信息。 Matching 题分为了一方是特殊定位词的配对，分类题，段落配标题， 段 落细节信息定位。一方是特殊定位词的配对主要有人名配观点，时间配 事件，地点配事件。这种题目在做的时候要注意以下几点： 1. 审题， Instruction。 读 一般来说， 都会有 You may use any letter more than once. 遇到这行字时，提醒考生一般本题中肯定会有一个字母用两 题型技巧分析 次，而且只有一个字母会重复。 2. 迅速浏览人名，在文章中圈出人名。 3. 通读配对的另一方，划出关键词。 4. 在文章中圈出的人名旁找相应信息与关键词进行匹配。 一方不是特殊定位词时，需要将配对双方都通读，并划出核心词汇，以 名词为主。同时这类型题要放在本篇文章的最后做。 剑桥雅思推荐原文练 习 Question types: 文章内容回顾 题型难度分析 题型技巧分析 剑 4 Test 3 Passage 1 Matching; True / False / Not Given 关于人类语言的形成理论，3 个理论，语言形成的时间。 配对题较难，给文章中讲到的两个理论配信息。 Matching 题分为了一方是特殊定位词的配对，分类题，段落配标题， 段 落细节信息定位。一方是特殊定位词的配对主要有人名配观点，时间配