十大模块搞定考研翻译
考研英语翻译技巧
一、正反译法1.T hose who would attain the heights reached and kept by great men must keep their faculties polished by constant use,so that they may unlock the doors of the knowledge,the gates that guard the entrances to the professions,to science,art ,literature agriculture---every department of human endeavor.正说反译例句：1.Admission by Invitation Only.2.He loses no time in practicing English.3.I have read your articles. I expected to meet an older man.译文：1.要想取得为人们所获得并保持的成就，人们就必须不断运用自身的才能，使其不会生锈，从而打开知识的大门，亦即那些通往人类努力探求的各个领域的大门，这些领域包括各种门类：科学、艺术、文学、农业等。
（正说反译+词类转换）1.非请勿入2.他抓紧一切时间练习英语。
3.文章已拜读，没想到你这么年轻。
2,As Professor Nazemi refused to answer, a classmate offered, “Dude, you can use.”再如：(1)The specification lacks detail.(2)Good lubrication keeps the bearings from being damaged.(3)If we don’t get more money, community theater will cease to exist here.译文2,纳齐米教授不予回答，一个同学于是建议：“哥们，你可以告他。
考研英语翻译答题技巧大全
考研英语翻译答题技巧大全考研英语翻译答题技巧大全考研英语翻译答题技巧都有哪些？2023年考研英语翻译题有哪些答题解题思路？下面就让我给大家带来考研英语翻译答题技巧，盼望大家喜爱！考研英语翻译答题技巧考研英语翻译是广阔考生英语复习中的一个难点，其实英译汉的重点在于阅读理解，适用于阅读理解的许多部分均适用于英译汉的复习与解答。
英译汉是把一种语言承载的信息用另一种语言表达出来。
要充分、精确、快速地传达原文信息，译者首先要理解原文。
假如理解不精确，好的翻译就无从谈起。
从近年来的讨论生入学试题来看，划线的部分一般来说句子结构都比较简单。
假如不弄清晰他的语法结构，很难正确地理解原文的要求。
在分析划线部分句子的结构时，我们要留意首先把句子的主语、谓语和宾语找出来，这样句子的主干结构也就清晰了。
下面我们以_年英译汉第46题为例说明句子结构的分析方法：but (46) he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations.解析：这是一个复合句，句子的主干为he believes，that后引导宾语从句，宾语从句的主干是difficulty may have had the compensating advantage。
of引导介词短语修饰advantage。
不定式结构to think long and intently about every sentence和to detect errors 是him的宾语补足语。
这样通过具体的分析，在弄清句子的详细结构之后，再动笔翻译就简洁多了。
7个实用技巧让你掌握考研英语翻译
一、增译主语由于表达习惯不同，英文中常有省略主语的现象，在翻译成汉语时要把它们译出来。
情况一般有以下几种：以抽象名词作主语，而中文的表达习惯则需要把抽象变为具体；英文中常常会为了避免重复而多用介词，中文则不怕重复，一个词会用上好几遍；英语中的复数名词译为汉语时，常常加入这些、各种、种种等，要视具体语境情况而定。
二、增译谓语同理，需要增译谓语的情况也时有出现。
英语中出现两个或多个相同谓语时，常常会省略，以使句子不那么赘余，而中文中则要译出来，使其表达更加地道。
英文中的介词短语译为中文时往往要增译动词，而有些英语中的名词在译为中文时也要加入相应的动词，使其意义更加完整，表达更加明确。
三、时间状语的翻译1、时间状语常常可以直接翻译，一般译到主句前。
2、有的时间状语从句引导词除了表示时间以外，还会附带条件性，所以在翻译的时候要译出条件关系。
四、原因状语的翻译1、英语中的状语位置较为灵活，既可以放在主句前也可置于主句后，而中文表达常常遵循前因后果的顺序，所以在翻译的时候也要注意调整语序。
2、但上述情况也不是绝对的，原因状语也可放在主句后，这样也对应了汉语中的结构之所以是因为。
五、目的状语的翻译1、总的来说，目的状语放在主句前翻译，把说明情况的主句放在后面。
2、目的状语也可译在主句后边，表示以免、以防、使得、生怕等等。
六、译成汉语的主动句1、一般被动句的主语是无生命的主语，翻译时常常要将原文主语译为汉语中的主语。
2、主语宾语颠倒位置一般英语中当动作主体的词前加上by时或由介词短语构成时，那么在译文中by后边的动作主体词或该介词短语中的名次就要充当主语，宾语则是原文中的主语。
3、增加主语一些被动句在译为主动句时要增加一些主语，比如我们、人们、大家等等。
七、译成汉语中的无主句汉语无主句较多，也是我们的思维方式和说话表达习惯等因素有关。
很多情况下，我们和处于同一背景生长环境下的人聊天，都不需要说主语，但是对方大多数情况下，都能理解你的意思。
考研英语翻译方法思维导图
When the structure of English sentences is inconsistent with that of Chinese sentences, structural transformation is required to make the translation conform to Chinese expression habits.
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
03
The application of mind mapping in English translation for postgraduate
entrance examination
The definition and characteristics of mind maps
• Definition: A mind map is a graphical thinking tool that visualizes complex information and thinking processes through elements such as graphics, lines, and colors.
transliteration
Abbreviations and abbreviations: For such vocabulary, transliteration can also be used to express the original pronunciation in corresponding Chinese characters.
CONTENTS
• Common errors and avoidance methods in English translation for postgraduate entrance exams
考研北京市考研翻译技巧与实践指南
考研北京市考研翻译技巧与实践指南考研是每个热衷于翻译事业的学子的梦想，而在选择合适的城市进行考研也是至关重要的一步。
作为我国的首都，北京凭借其丰富的教育资源和优越的学术氛围，成为了许多考生追逐的目标。
然而，在考研过程中，翻译技巧以及实践经验的积累是非常重要的。
本文将分享一些考研北京市的翻译技巧与实践指南，以帮助考生更好地备战考试。
一、积累词汇量翻译是一个基于语言的艺术，而词汇是翻译的基础。
考生在备考期间应该注重积累词汇量，包括常用词汇、领域专业词汇、习惯用语等等。
可以通过背单词、阅读英语书籍、听力训练等方式进行积累。
此外，考生也可以参加词汇量测试，以评估自己的掌握程度并针对性地加强词汇的记忆与应用。
二、拓展阅读素材阅读是提高翻译能力的重要方式之一。
考生应多读一些关于翻译领域的经典著作、翻译理论与实践案例等，可以从中学习到不同领域的翻译技巧与经验。
同时，阅读外文原著也是非常有益的，可以提高对原文的理解和翻译能力，培养自己的语感。
三、注重翻译实践翻译实践是提高翻译技巧的有效手段。
考生可以参加翻译比赛、翻译培训班等活动，提升自己的实际翻译能力。
此外，也可以尝试找一些翻译工作进行实践，积累实际经验。
通过实践，可以更好地将理论知识与实际运用相结合，提高整体翻译水平。
四、了解行业动态了解行业动态对考生来说也是非常重要的。
翻译行业在不断发展，专业词汇和翻译技巧也在不断更新。
考生可以通过关注翻译类论坛、参与行业交流会议等途径获取最新的行业动态，关注行业变化，及时更新自己的知识储备。
五、培养适应力和应变能力翻译考试是一项高强度的任务，考生需要有良好的身心素质。
在备考期间，适当进行调节与休息，培养良好的生活作息习惯，保持积极乐观的心态。
考生还应该培养自己的应变能力，能够在考试中应对各种突发情况，保持冷静和高效。
六、借助辅助工具辅助工具在翻译过程中具有重要作用。
考生可以借助一些翻译软件、词典、语料库等工具提高翻译效率和准确性。
如何搞定考研英语翻译
如何搞定考研英语翻译
第一，必须完全掌握语法分析原则，做到对原句进行精确的拆分，语法体系不完善的同学应该牢记并不断用真题巩固原句拆分的六个黄金分割标志点，能够快速、准确定位连词、引导词、介词、分词、单词和重要意群标点符号，以在最短时间内完成长句意群解拆并明确句子主干。
第二，按大纲要求和课堂讲解掌握重点出现的词汇，特别是多义词和熟词生义现象的高频词的词义选择。
在考试前熟练把握词缀分析、上下文提示、中文习惯搭配、同近词义替换四大选词原则，并能够在遇到生词时能够多元化思维综合应用上述技巧。
单词量的积累在冲刺阶段应该做到有的放矢，参照大纲检索薄弱词汇后尽快逐个攻破，万不可继续匀速轮背，这将会极大影响有限复习时间的投入产出比。
第三，对于意群的整体翻译必须掌握重要语法得分点的翻译规律和技巧，最为主要的是定语和定语从句，以及定语从句中限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的位置处理、分词和介词短语作后置定语的翻译、状语的翻译定位和顺序、名词性从句(主、宾、表)的
翻译为重中之重!被动语态、虚拟语气和倒装结构的翻译为关键得分点，需要将真题的相应部分完全吃透。
同时，能够正确处理否定结构、并列结构的译文句式选择，达到做题的时候每走一步心中都有相应技巧作为理论支持。
第四，在最后的译文组合过程中注意指代结构、强调结构和there be句型在汉语中的独特变化，并且利用汉语习惯和论文语境统一译文的风格并按需要增加汉语中的范畴和概念词汇并删除冗余的表达，做到汉语论述文语境中的通达和准确。
考研英语翻译方法大全(二)
词类转换详解在英译汉过程中，有些句子可以逐词对译，有些句子则由于英汉两种语言的表达方式不同，就不能用一个萝卜一个坑的方法来逐词对译。
原文中有些词在译文中需要转换词类，才能使汉语译文通顺自然。
一、转译成动词1.名词转换成动词Interest in historical methods has arisen,less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselevs.分析：interest在原文中是名词，而在译文中为了符合中文的表达方式，在不改变意思的前提下，将它改成动词。
参考译文:人们之所以关注历史研究的方法，主要是因为史学家们内部分歧过大，其次才是因为外界并不认为历史是一门学科。
2.形容词转换成动词Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosi on problems arising from mass migration movements—themselves made relatively e asy nowadays by modern means of transport.参考译文:由于人口的猛增或大量人口流动（现代交通工具使大量人口流动变得相对容易）所造成的种种问题也会增加社会压力。
3.副词转换成动词She opened the window to let fresh air in.参考译文:她把窗子打开，让新鲜空气进来。
4.介词转换成动词Many laboratories are developing medicines against AIDS.参考译文:许多实验室正在研制治疗艾滋病的药物。
考研英语翻译(基础)讲义
新东方在线考研翻译基础班讲义主讲：唐静课程简介以讲解翻译基础知识为主，基本不涉及考研翻译的真题。
但是，真题很重要，有必要在强化训练中完全掌握真题。
课程大纲第一章考研翻译基础知识一翻译的定义二翻译的标准和翻译的方法三翻译的基本过程四考研翻译的核心解题策略第二章翻译技巧：词法翻译法一词义选择和词义引申二词性转换三增词法四省略法第三章翻译技巧：句法翻译法一名词性从句的翻译二定语从句的翻译三状语从句的翻译四被动结构的翻译第一讲翻译的定义翻译是一门语言的艺术，是语言之间的转换，是在准确理解的基础上用一种语言来忠实的表达另外一种语言。
考研翻译简介（一）考研翻译考查内容和形式根据全国硕士研究生统一考试英语考试大纲规定，考研翻译“主要考查考生准确理解内容或结构复杂的英语材料的能力。
要求考生阅读一篇约400词的文章，并将其中5个划线部分（约150词）译成汉语，要求译文准确、完整、通顺。
考生在答题卡2上作答。
”以2007年考研翻译题为例，考生在试卷上阅读的是一篇完整的文章，翻译的是5个划线部分。
如：Part CT ranslation:Directions:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Y our translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET2. (10 Points)The study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline inEuropean universities. However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities. 46)Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. Happily, the older and more continental view of legal education is establishing itself in a number of Canadian universities and some have even begun to offer undergraduate degrees in law.If the study of law is beginning to establish itself as part and parcel of a general education, its aims and methods should appeal directly to journalism educators. Law is a discipline which encourages responsible judgment. On the one hand, it provides opportunities to analyze such ideas as justice, democracy and freedom. 47) On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news. For example, notions of evidence and fact, of basic rights and public interest are at work in the process of journalistic judgment and production just as in courts of law. Sharpening judgment by absorbing and reflecting on law is a desirable component of a journalist's intellectual preparation for his or her career.48) But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the new media.Politics or, more broadly, the functioning of the state, is a major subject for journalists. The better informed they are about the way the state works, the better their reporting will be. 49) In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.Furthermore, the legal system and the events which occur within it are primary subjects for journalists. While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied to them by lawyers. 50) While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments. These can only come from a well-grounded understanding of the legal system（二）考研翻译的评分标准根据大纲规定，考研翻译的评分标准如下：5个小题，每题2分，共10分。
2022考研英语翻译常用方法总结
2022考研英语翻译常用方法总结2022考研英语翻译常用方法总结同位语译法1. There is a principle that all citizens should meet minimal qualifications of age and literacy.有一个这样的原则，那就是全部公民应当满意最低的年龄要求和识字实力要求。
2. Part of the fame of Allens book is its contention that Circumstances do not make a person, they reveal him.爱伦的书之所以出名，部分缘由是因为它辩论的观点，即：环境并未造就人，而是揭示了人的本性。
3. The word amateur does carry a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not fully share its values.业余爱好者一词的确带有这样一种内涵，那就是，没有完全整合进科学界的人不会共享其价值观。
4. Online culture thinks highly of the notion that the information flowing onto the screen comes there by specific request.网上文化推崇这样一个概念，即在你提出详细的要求之后，信息才会出现在你屏幕上。
5. The idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.新闻工作者对于法律的理解应当比一般公民更加深刻，这个观点建立在对新闻媒体既定规范和特别社会责任的理解的基础之上。
40篇短文搞定英语考研核心词汇
40篇短文搞定英语考研核心词汇Enriching your vocabulary is a crucial aspect of preparing for graduate-level English exams. One effective approach is to engage with a series of carefully curated short passages that introduce and reinforce core vocabulary words. This essay presents 40 such passages, each designed to help you expand your lexical repertoire and enhance your overall language proficiency.Passage 1: The Erudite ScholarAcademia is a realm where the erudite scholar reigns supreme. These individuals possess an expansive knowledge base, honed through years of diligent study and unwavering dedication to their respective fields. Their command of the vernacular is unparalleled, allowing them to articulate complex ideas with eloquence and precision.Passage 2: Ubiquitous TechnologyIn our modern world, technology has become ubiquitous, permeating every facet of our daily lives. From the smartphone in our pockets to the smart home devices that cater to our every need, this technological revolution has transformed the way wecommunicate, work, and entertain ourselves.Passage 3: Altruistic EndeavorsAmidst the hustle and bustle of our increasingly complex society, there are those who choose to devote their time and energy to altruistic endeavors. These individuals, driven by a deep sense of compassion and a desire to make a positive impact, selflessly contribute to the betterment of their communities and the world at large.Passage 4: Meticulous Attention to DetailIn certain professions, a meticulous attention to detail is of paramount importance. Whether it's the surgeon carefully navigating a delicate procedure or the architect meticulously designing a structurally sound building, this unwavering focus on precision and accuracy is the hallmark of true excellence.Passage 5: Panacea for Social IllsThroughout history, visionaries have sought to find a panacea – a universal remedy – for the ever-evolving social ills that plague humanity. From poverty and inequality to climate change and global conflict, the search for comprehensive solutions to these complex challenges remains a constant pursuit for those who aspire to create a better world.Passage 6: Ubiquitous ConnectivityThe advent of the digital age has ushered in an era of ubiquitous connectivity, where the world has become a global village. With the click of a button, we can communicate with loved ones across continents, access a wealth of information, and collaborate on projects with colleagues from diverse backgrounds.Passage 7: Pernicious ConsequencesWhile progress can be a boon, it often comes with pernicious consequences that must be addressed. The rapid industrialization and urbanization of our societies, for instance, have led to environmental degradation, the depletion of natural resources, and the widening of socioeconomic disparities, all of which pose grave threats to our collective wellbeing.Passage 8: Reconciling Divergent PerspectivesIn an increasingly pluralistic world, the ability to reconcile divergent perspectives is a valuable skill. Whether it's navigating complex political negotiations or fostering understanding between individuals with vastly different cultural backgrounds, the capacity to find common ground and bridge divides is essential for fostering harmony and progress.Passage 9: Ubiquitous SurveillanceThe proliferation of surveillance technologies has led to an era ofubiquitous surveillance, where our every move and interaction can be monitored and recorded. While these systems may promise enhanced security and convenience, they also raise profound questions about privacy, civil liberties, and the delicate balance between individual freedoms and societal needs.Passage 10: Panacea for Technological WoesAs our reliance on technology continues to grow, the search for a panacea – a universal solution – to address the myriad of technological challenges we face becomes increasingly urgent. From cybersecurity threats to the ethical dilemmas posed by artificial intelligence, the need for comprehensive and innovative approaches to these issues is paramount.Passage 11: Erudite InsightsThe erudite insights of leading experts and scholars can be invaluable in helping us navigate the complexities of the modern world. Whether it's a groundbreaking scientific discovery or a thought-provoking analysis of sociopolitical trends, these individuals possess the depth of knowledge and intellectual prowess to shed light on the most pressing issues of our time.Passage 12: Ubiquitous DisinformationIn the digital age, the proliferation of ubiquitous disinformation poses a significant challenge to our collective understanding ofreality. The ease with which false narratives and misleading information can spread online has undermined the credibility of traditional sources of information and eroded public trust in institutions and authority figures.Passage 13: Altruistic InterventionsIn the face of global crises and humanitarian emergencies, the global community often relies on altruistic interventions to provide aid and support to those in need. From disaster relief efforts to long-term development projects, these initiatives are driven by a deep-rooted sense of compassion and a commitment to improving the lives of the most vulnerable populations.Passage 14: Meticulous Data AnalysisIn the age of big data, meticulous data analysis has become a critical skill for professionals across a wide range of industries. From finance to healthcare, the ability to meticulously gather, process, and interpret vast amounts of information is essential for informed decision-making and the development of innovative solutions to complex problems.Passage 15: Pernicious BiasesDespite our best intentions, we all possess pernicious biases that can unconsciously shape our perceptions, judgments, and behaviors. These deep-seated prejudices, often rooted in socioculturalconditioning, can have far-reaching consequences, perpetuating inequality, discrimination, and the marginalization of vulnerable communities.Passage 16: Ubiquitous AutomationThe rise of ubiquitous automation, driven by advancements in artificial intelligence and robotics, has had a profound impact on the way we live and work. While these technological innovations have the potential to increase efficiency and productivity, they also raise concerns about job displacement, the disruption of traditional industries, and the ethical implications of machines taking on increasingly autonomous roles.Passage 17: Altruistic PhilanthropyIn an era marked by growing wealth disparities, altruistic philanthropy has emerged as a powerful force for social change. Wealthy individuals and organizations who choose to direct their resources towards charitable causes and the betterment of society demonstrate a deep commitment to addressing pressing issues and creating a more equitable world.Passage 18: Meticulous Legal DraftingThe field of law requires a meticulous attention to detail, particularly in the realm of legal drafting. Crafting airtight contracts, meticulously crafted legislation, and precise legal arguments demands a keen eyefor nuance and an unwavering commitment to linguistic precision, ensuring that legal documents withstand scrutiny and effectively serve their intended purpose.Passage 19: Pernicious Power DynamicsEmbedded within the fabric of our social, political, and economic systems are pernicious power dynamics that perpetuate inequality, marginalization, and the concentration of wealth and influence in the hands of a privileged few. Recognizing and addressing these deeply entrenched hierarchies is a critical step towards creating a more just and equitable society.Passage 20: Ubiquitous Environmental DegradationThe ubiquitous environmental degradation caused by human activities, such as pollution, deforestation, and the unsustainable exploitation of natural resources, poses a grave threat to the delicate balance of our planet's ecosystems. Addressing these pressing environmental challenges requires a concerted global effort and a fundamental shift in the way we approach resource management and ecological preservation.Passage 21: Altruistic ActivismIn the face of daunting social, political, and environmental challenges, altruistic activists have emerged as passionate advocates for change. These individuals, driven by a deep-rooted sense of social justice anda commitment to the greater good, tirelessly work to raise awareness, mobilize communities, and enact policies and programs that address the root causes of systemic problems.Passage 22: Meticulous Urban PlanningThe complexities of modern urban centers require a meticulous approach to urban planning, where architects, urban designers, and policymakers collaborate to create livable, sustainable, and equitable cities. From transportation infrastructure to affordable housing, the decisions made in this realm have profound impacts on the quality of life for millions of people.Passage 23: Pernicious Health DisparitiesDespite advancements in medical science and healthcare, pernicious health disparities continue to plague societies around the world. Factors such as socioeconomic status, race, and geography often determine the quality and accessibility of healthcare, leading to disproportionate health outcomes and perpetuating cycles of inequality and marginalization.Passage 24: Ubiquitous Digital AddictionIn the age of ubiquitous digital technology, the phenomenon of digital addiction has become a growing concern. The constant stimulation and connectivity provided by our devices can have detrimental effects on mental health, productivity, and interpersonalrelationships, underscoring the need for a more balanced and mindful approach to technology use.Passage 25: Altruistic Education InitiativesRecognizing the transformative power of education, altruistic individuals and organizations have spearheaded initiatives aimed at expanding access to quality learning opportunities, particularly for marginalized communities. From building schools in underserved regions to providing scholarships and resources for underprivileged students, these efforts have the potential to break the cycle of poverty and empower future generations.Passage 26: Meticulous Scientific ExperimentationIn the realm of scientific research, meticulous experimentation is the cornerstone of discovery and innovation. From the painstaking collection of data to the rigorous testing of hypotheses, this unwavering attention to detail is what allows scientists to uncover the secrets of the natural world and push the boundaries of human knowledge.Passage 27: Pernicious Systemic RacismThe pernicious and deeply rooted systems of racism that have long plagued societies around the world continue to manifest in myriad forms, from institutional discrimination to interpersonal prejudice. Dismantling these entrenched structures requires a comprehensive,multifaceted approach that addresses the underlying biases, power imbalances, and historical legacies that perpetuate racial inequities.Passage 28: Ubiquitous Digital SurveillanceThe ubiquity of digital surveillance technologies, from facial recognition software to social media monitoring, has raised significant concerns about privacy, civil liberties, and the potential for abuse of power. As these tools become increasingly pervasive, the need for robust legal frameworks and ethical guidelines to govern their use becomes ever more pressing.Passage 29: Altruistic Disaster ReliefIn the wake of natural disasters and humanitarian crises, altruistic disaster relief efforts play a crucial role in providing aid and support to affected communities. From emergency medical services to the distribution of food and supplies, these initiatives demonstrate the power of human compassion and the collective will to alleviate suffering and restore hope.Passage 30: Meticulous Financial AccountingIn the complex world of finance, meticulous financial accounting is essential for ensuring transparency, accuracy, and compliance with regulatory standards. From meticulously tracking transactions to preparing detailed financial statements, this rigorous attention to detail is the foundation for sound investment decisions, effective riskmanagement, and the overall stability of the financial system.Passage 31: Pernicious Gender InequalitiesThe pernicious and deeply entrenched gender inequalities that persist in societies around the world continue to perpetuate discrimination, marginalization, and the denial of fundamental human rights for women and other gender-diverse individuals. Addressing these systemic challenges requires a comprehensive approach that tackles the social, cultural, and institutional barriers to true gender equality.Passage 32: Ubiquitous Technological DisruptionThe rapid pace of technological innovation has led to a state of ubiquitous disruption, where new technologies and business models constantly challenge and transform established industries. While this dynamic environment presents opportunities for innovation and growth, it also requires adaptability, agility, and a willingness to embrace change in order to remain competitive and relevant.Passage 33: Altruistic Conflict ResolutionIn a world fraught with geopolitical tensions and violent conflicts, altruistic conflict resolution efforts aim to foster dialogue, mediate disputes, and promote peaceful coexistence. These initiatives, often led by diplomats, mediators, and civil society organizations, seek to address the root causes of conflict and find common groundbetween warring parties, ultimately working towards the establishment of lasting peace and stability.Passage 34: Meticulous Quality ControlIn various industries, meticulous quality control processes are essential for ensuring the production of high-quality goods and services. From rigorous testing and inspection protocols to continuous improvement initiatives, this unwavering commitment to excellence helps organizations maintain their competitive edge, build consumer trust, and uphold the highest standards of safety and reliability.Passage 35: Pernicious Misinformation CampaignsThe proliferation of pernicious misinformation campaigns, facilitated by the rapid spread of information online, poses a significant threat to the integrity of public discourse and the well-being of democratic societies. These concerted efforts to manipulate narratives, sow division, and undermine trust in institutions and authorities underscores the need for robust fact-checking, media literacy, and the promotion of digital citizenship.Passage 36: Ubiquitous Climate Change ImpactsThe ubiquitous impacts of climate change, manifested through extreme weather events, rising sea levels, and ecosystem disruption, have become a pressing global concern. Addressing this multifacetedchallenge requires a coordinated international response, underpinned by scientific research, sustainable policymaking, and the collective commitment of governments, businesses, and civil society to mitigate and adapt to the consequences of a changing climate.Passage 37: Altruistic Community OrganizingGrassroots altruistic community organizing initiatives empower people to collectively address the challenges facing their local neighborhoods and communities. From organizing food drives and cleanup efforts to advocating for improved infrastructure and social services, these community-led efforts demonstrate the transformative power of civic engagement and the potential for positive change at the grassroots level.Passage 38: Meticulous Data VisualizationIn an age of data abundance, the ability to present complex information in a clear and visually compelling manner through meticulous data visualization techniques is a valuable skill. Whether it's creating informative infographics, interactive dashboards, or captivating data storytelling, these visual tools can help decision-makers, researchers, and the general public better understand and draw insights from large datasets.Passage 39: Pernicious Wealth InequalitiesThe pernicious and widening wealth inequalities that characterizemany societies around the world have profound social, economic, and political implications. These disparities in the distribution of resources and opportunities not only undermine social cohesion and equal access to essential services but also perpetuate cycles of poverty, marginalization, and the concentration of power in the hands of a privileged few.Passage 40: Ubiquitous GlobalizationThe phenomenon of ubiquitous globalization, marked by the increased interconnectedness of economies, cultures, and societies worldwide, has brought both opportunities and challenges. While it has facilitated the exchange of ideas, goods, and services, the rapid pace of globalization has also contributed to the disruption of traditional industries, the homogenization of local cultures, and the emergence of complex global issues that require collaborative solutions.。
2010-2015年考研英语翻译汇总
46)This movement, driven by powerful and diverse motivation, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.受到各种强大的动机所驱使，这场运动在荒野中开创了一个国家；本质使然，它也塑造了这片未知大陆的性格和命运。
47)The United States is the product of two principal forces-the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits.有两股主要力量形成了美国：一是欧洲移民带来的各式思想、风俗和民族特征，二是这个新国家本身在融合上述特征之后带来的影响。
48)But, the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes.但是，美国特有的地理条件、不同种族间的相互影响、以及在这片原始的新大陆上维持旧秩序的艰难，带来了巨大的变化。
49)The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the15th-and-16th-century explorations of North America..十五世纪和十六世纪的探索发现了北美洲，又过了一百多年，第一艘满载移民的航船跨过大西洋驶向这片土地，即现在的美国。
《考研英语》翻译方法思维导图
v 前加助动词 do
“的确，确实，务必，一一定，千万，真的”
疑问词后加the devil，the hell，on earth，in/under heaven
否定词/最高高级后加on earth
“到底，究竟”
It is +被强调部分 + that ...
被强调部分加“就是，正是，是” 若被强调部分本身就有强调语气气，不不必加
直译，在主句句前 补充说明条件，在主句句后
even if，no matter，for all that，granted that
直译，主句句前 表“省得，以免，生生怕...”，主句句后
直译，“结果”“如此 ... 以至至 于 ...” “没有 ... 不不 ...”，主句句中有否定词never，never so，not so，not such...，but that和but what 也可连接状从，构成双重否定
汉语无无冠词。大大多数泛指/专有
大大多数特指。“每个。这个，一一个...”
without saying a word → 一一句句挂不不说
译汉若在句句首首，大大多可省，句句尾，大大多不不省
系动词
与有动作含义的搭配的动词
重复法（突出强调）
其他重复法 重复 pron
原文文未重复，汉译重复
Please wait a moment → 请等一一等
it 作形宾
正常语序，it 不不译 将that引导宾从，提到句句首首
Kim replied that he was angry → Kim回答说，他生生气气了了
表语从句句 同位语从句句
从句句直接跟在名词后 从句句放在名词前，前置修饰，不不一一定加标记“的” 增加“即”“以为”，或冒号，破折号分开主从句句
策马翻译培训技巧：十大翻译利器 (1)
十大翻译利器[口译培训·技巧]翻译是一份工作，也是一门学问，所以在翻译中有许多技巧可循，让我们来看看翻译的十大“利器”吧！(一) 同义反译法1. Only three customers remained in the bar.酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。
(不译：“还留着”或“还呆在那里” )2. I'll be here for good this time.这一次我再也不走了。
(不译：“永远在此呆下去” )3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out.我不在家的时候，别让炉子灭了。
(不译：“我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着” )4. "Wait, he is serious."等等，他不是说着玩儿的。
(不译：”等等，他是认真的。
“)5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!"听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。
(不译：” ......对这孩子要坚定“)(二) 删减解释词The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women.到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，一定会注意到她们十之八九都有那种独特的优雅风度、那种温柔的声音和文静的举止。
(三) 短句拆译" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..."在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗......(四) 译词推陈出新When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with doubts, scruples and equivocality, in addition to the ordinary fears of a lower.原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。
谁说考研英语翻译难？那是你缺少怎么复习方法!这4点搞定翻译!
状语从句是考研英语翻译中常考的句型之一，虽然状语从句的情况比较复杂，但由于大家对状语从句并不陌生，所以今天我们主要来说说如何翻译状语从句，以便让我们的翻译看上去更加流畅准确。
状语从句表现了英语中从句和主句之间的逻辑关系，它具体可以分为9种：时间、地点、条件、让步、原因、结果、目的、比较和方式状语。
状语从句的翻译一般可以直接翻译。
但由于状语在句子中的位置比较灵活，所以状语从句的翻译也要灵活处理。
总的来说遵循以下四点主要原则：①连词能省就省，只要能把意思说清楚，可以尽量不使用连词。
②如果条件或让步状语从句在整句中语气较弱，可以把主句译在前面，从句译在后面。
③状语从句的位置可以灵活变动，以便使译文更流畅。
④种类的判断主要依赖于连词语义的判断。
例句详解真题例句1（2001年，75题）：And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder——kitchen rage.句子结构：so…that结构，意思是"如此…以至于"。
that引导的是结果状语从句。
参考译文：家用电器将变得如此的智能化，以至于控制和操作它们将会导致一种新的心理疾病的爆发——厨房狂躁症。
真题例句2（2002年，62题）：The behavioral sciences have been slow to change partly becausethe explanatory items often seem to be directly observed and partlybecauseother kinds of explanations have been hard to find.句子结构：句子中有两个because引导原因状语从句。
考研英语一翻译方法
考研英语一翻译方法巧用断句考研翻译的译文是通过采点给分的，即阅卷人会依据句子结构将原句划分成几个部分(一般为2~4个部分)，各部分都有相应的分值(最小单位为0.5分)，如果考生能准确地翻译出其中一个或多个部分，就能获得相应的分值。
依据上述评分规则，考生在答题时可以采纳断句策略，将原句划分成不同部分，然后尽量翻译自己能看懂的部分，抓住能得的分数。
换言之，考生即使没能准确翻译出全句，但只要能将部分意思译出，仍能获得相应的分数。
巧用主干考生在解答考研翻译题时，最怕碰到的就是长难句。
其实有些句子的主干非常清楚，只是因为修饰成分过多或者并列结构过长，才显得句子复杂而冗长。
应对这样的句子，考生首先要抓住句子的核心部分，先试着翻译主干，然后再添加枝叶。
考生如果实在无法准确理解某一个修饰成分，在不得已的状况下，完全可以放弃，只争取有把握得到的分数。
巧用顺序在考研英语的考场上，考生通常只有15分钟左右的时间来应对翻译部分。
因此，在面对结构复杂的句子时，考生往往不知该如何组织语言，更没有足够的时间去琢磨如何调整句子结构。
依据笔者的经验，考研英语的大部分翻译题目都可以按照英文原文的顺序进行翻译。
因此，考生在翻译时可以采用口译常用的"顺译法'，先把整个句子划分成假设干部分逐一译出，然后再用增补、删减等手段把各部分衔接起来，在保证句意准确、完整的前提下，确保译文通顺、流畅。
3考研翻译做题方法翻译过程中包括两个阶段：正确理解和充分表达。
理解是表达的前提，而表达是理解的目的和结果，二者缺一不可，因此，考生在做英译汉部分试题时：1、切记不可急躁，一定要先通读全文，把握全文的主旨、内容，把握划线部分的语境;2、在着重理解划线部分时，首先要在语义上理清全句的整体意思和每个单词的意思;其次要分析清楚句子结构，理出句群，找出各分句之间的关系;3、可合计先打一份翻译草稿，再依据文章意义和汉语结构进行调整。
英语中一词多义的现象十分普遍，且英汉词典中给出的汉语解释未必全面，未必与英文的意思完全对等。
考研冲刺 如何快速搞定英语翻译
官方微信：考研冲刺如何快速搞定英语翻译一个西瓜，我们不能抱着直接啃，至少要砍几刀，最后整体消灭。
考研翻译的句子基本都是“混血儿”，并列句，复合句杂糅一起，因此我们需要解构，顾名思义，就是分清划线句子的语法结构关系，把句子砍成一块一块的形式，从而各个击破。
大家必须要火眼金睛，像X光一样，通过真题不断加强练习，达到一种“快速透视”的程度。
英语是一种“形合语言”很多同学认为词汇没有掌握，结构不可能懂。
其实词汇和结构相对来讲，是两个不同的方面。
英语是一种形合语言，即英语比较注重表面上的形式化，比如大家会发现，英语当中的任何从句都有一个共同的特点，就是都包含有连接词，而连接词诸如that，which等都是我们的中小学词汇，因此即使一个长难句有些词汇不懂，你也完全可以将结构划分清楚。
在翻译练习的过程中，同学更应该加强包含较多难词的句子的结构分析，这样才能更好训练我们的速度和眼力，达到考场上的“快速透视”。
建议临考前可以去听一下考研教育网的冲刺班、点题班，学习一下技巧跟方法，这样把握更大一些。
切割完句子，要进行重组切割完的句子，我们需要进行翻译转换重组，此为建构。
翻译时，在充分理解原文的基础上，需要根据中英文的差别，比如英语多被动，汉语多主动；英语多繁杂，汉语多简短；英语多替换，汉语多重复等，采取适当的方法策略，比如增省词法，重换词法，倒译转译法等灵活处理，最终达到一种归化的翻译形式，准确，通顺。
建构过程中，要注意三点：一是翻译首先是理解，其次是传达。
准确的理解才能有准确的表达。
二是语境的作用。
翻译时，有的单词看似温和，实则暗藏杀机。
这需要注意的是词义的选择和引申。
三是何为归化翻译，归化旨在尽量减少译文中的异国情调，为目的语读者提供一种自然流畅的译文。
这和大纲要求基本是一致的。
说白了，就是写出来的形式上是中文，意义上也必须是中文。
最后是校对。
最后一步，要检查核对一下。
比如有没有漏掉信息，表达是否通顺，汉字书写是否规范等。
考研英语翻译答题技巧
考研英语翻译答题技巧1. 重译法(Repetition)在翻译中，有时为了忠实于原文，不得不重复某些词语，否则就不能忠实表达原文的意思。
重译法有如下三大作用：一是为了明确；二是为了强调；三是为了生动。
We have advocated the principle of peaceful coexistence, which is now growing more and more popular among the nationsof Asia and Africa.译文：我们倡导和平共处的原则，这项原则在广大亚非国家越来越受欢迎。
英语原文中有词的重复，译成汉语时可以保持同样的词的重复。
Work while you work, play while you play.译文：该工作时就工作，该玩时就玩。
Blood must atone for blood.译文：血债要用血来还。
Year after year and century after century the moon goes through its cycle.译文：一年又一年，一个世纪又一个世纪，月亮盈亏变化，周而复始。
此外，英语对仗句的前后两部分中往往有词的重复，译成汉语时对仗句可以保持同样的重复。
Eye for eye, tooth for tooth.以眼还眼，以牙还牙。
Out of sight, out of mind.眼不见，心不烦。
英语原文中有词的重复，译成汉语时有时可以用同义词重复之。
No pains, no gains.译文：不劳无获。
2. 增译法(Amplification)为了使译文忠实地表达原文的意思与风格并使译文合乎表达习惯，必须增加一些词语。
A new kind aircraft-small, cheap, pilotless -is attracting increasing attention.译文：一种新型的飞机正越来越引起人们的注意——这种飞机体积不大，价钱便宜，无人驾驶。
考研常用英语翻译
考研常⽤英语翻译考研1.take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools2.entrance exams for graduate3.postgraduate entrance examination研究⽣⼊学考试4.postgraduate candidate test5.enrollment examination6.prepareing for the postgraduate examination7.Postgraduate Exam8.Postgraduate qualifying examination读研：do post - graduate work or do graduate study考研热the craze for graduate school例句:I was occupied with preparing for the postgraduate examinations.（我⼀门⼼思准备考研。
）教育类词汇⽂凭 diplomas and certificates考研热 the craze for graduate school study应试教育 the examination-oriented education义务教育 compulsory education复合型⼈才 interdisciplinary talents⽂化底蕴 the rich cultural deposits⼤学⽣创业 the university students’innovative undertakings扩招 expand enrollment被授予学位 be granted a an official certificate from⾼分低能 good scores but low qualities⽚⾯追求升学率 place undue emphasis on the proportion of students entering schools of a higher level 退学 drop out of the school形成淘汰制度 frame an elimination system教书育⼈ impart knowledge and educate people因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude德才兼备 possess political integrity and professional ability品学兼优 be a students of fine qualities and fine scholar提⾼学⽣⾝⼼素质 improve the health and psychological quality适应社会的改变 adjust to the social changes quickly满⾜社会的急需 meet the urgent need of the society保护知识产权 protect the intellectual property才疏学浅 be wanting in ability and shallow in knowledge努⼒获得精神⽂明 make efforts to seek cultural and ideological progress减轻负担 reduce the heavy burdens更加有意义和丰富的⽣活 a more vigorous, colorful and dynamic博导 Ph.D. supervisor; doctoral advisor博⼠⽣ Ph.D candidate掺⽔⽂凭 diploma obtained by using unfair or unlawful means成⼈中等职业技术教育 adult secondary vocational and technical education成⼈中等专科学校 secondary specialized (technical) school for adults成⼈⾼考 the national higher education exams for self-taught adults成⼈中等专科学校 secondary specialized /technical school for adults⼤学⽣创业 university students' innovative undertaking⼤专⽣ junior college student⼤专⽂凭 associate degree贷学⾦（助学贷款） student loan德才兼备 have both political integrity and ability; people who possess both political integrityand professional ability第⼆学位 second Bachelor's degree点名册 roll book电⼤ college courses broadcast on television电⼦词典 electronic dictionary定向招⽣ enroll students who are pre-assigned to specific posts or areas定向⽣ targeted-area student⾼材⽣ top student公务员 civil servant归国留学⽣ returned students函授⼤学 correspondence university计划内招⽣planned enrollment教⼯teachers and staff交流学者exchange scholar教书育⼈impart knowledge and educate people教务处 dean's office教学法pedagogy; teaching method教研室teaching and research division教育部社政司Social Science Research and Ideological Work Department of the Ministry of Education 教育乱收费unauthorized collection of fees by educational institutions教育质量quality of education借读⽣transient student机读形式machine-readable form进修班class for further studies军训military training(intended for high school annd college students）考研take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools考研热the craze for graduate school课件（教师多媒体教学演⽰⽚）courseware课间操exercise between classes客座教授guest professor⽼三届 junior and senior high school graduates of 1966~1968; school leavers of 1966~1968⽼年学校 school for the aged两院院⼠ academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering 留学咨询 consulting on the study abroad录取通知书 letter of admission / acceptance letter论⽂答辩 (thesis) oral defense录取分数线 entry score模拟测试 mock test; simulated exam评职 professional evaluation普通⾼等教育 regular higher education普通⾼校 regular institutions of higher learning强化班 intensive training class⼈才市场 the personnel market三好学⽣merit student; three good student(good in study, attitude and health)世界⼤学⽣运动会(⼤运会）Universiade; college students' athletics meet双向选择two-way selection (referring to employer and employee choosing each other in a job market) 双学位double degree;two Bachelor's degrees思想道德教育ideological and moral education特困 exceptional poverty; special difficulty同等学⼒ have the same educational level (as the regular graduate or student of certainacademic qualification)⽂科 liberal arts现代远程教育modern distance education/ learning校园数字化campus digitalization校园歌曲campus song校园⽂化campus culture校训school motto新新⼈类New Human Being；X Generation性教育sex education巡回报告touring report学分 credit; academic credit学分制academic credit system学科带头⼈pace-setter in scientific research; academic leader学历教育education with record of formal schooling学前教育preschool education学⽣处students' affairs division学⽣减负alleviate the burden on students学时credit hours学术报告academic report学术讲座academic forum学位制academic degree system学年academic year学⽣处students' affairs office义务教育compulsory education因材施教teach students according totheir aptitude应届毕业⽣this year's graduates在职博⼠⽣on-job doctorate在职研究⽣ on-job postgraduates招⽣就业指导办公室enrolment and vocation guidance office招⽣办公室admissions office职业⾼中（职⾼） vocational high school职业教育和继续教育vocational education and continuing education中专⽣secondary specialized or technical school student助学⾏动 activity to assist the impoverished students专升本upgrade from junior college student to university student; students with the diploma of junior college try to obtain the undergraduate diplomat through self-taught study⾃费留学go to study abroad at one's own expense⾃费研究⽣self-supporting graduate student⾃学考试 self-study examination⾃学考试教材self-taught examination textbooks综合素质comprehensive quality。
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十大模块搞定考研翻译
思维理念：
本文把翻译分为十个知识点，任何句子成分都能从这十个模块中找到原型和解决办法，当拿到一个句子的时候，抛开不认识的单词，用10秒钟确定该句是由哪几个模块组成的，找到对应的方法，然后组织结构、琢磨词义，最后写出来。
十大模块如
都是把时间放在阅读上，对于原本得分率就不高的翻译来说，能翻就翻，但是不值得花时间。
这确实是考试中的正确思路，但是这种思路误导了我们的复习。
考研复习的基础是词汇，但是第一步却是长难句，当你只是背了大纲词汇并不能算开始考研了，而只有你开始去理解文章中的长难句的时候，才算真正开始考研英语的征程。
所以在此训练翻译的目的并不是为了拿到翻译的分数，因为全国的平均分只有3分左右，而高手也不过5、6分，这两分用不着看我写这么多字，这篇文章的意义在于用长难句的结构分析法来提高阅读的速度和精确度，然后得到的副产品是4~5分的翻译分数。
很多研友本末倒置，忽略了对长难句系统的训练，而是认为只要掌握词汇就能读懂文章，这样的思维有很大的问题，用单词去理解文章永远比用结构法要慢一拍。
其一，因为阅读成文的层次很高，作者比较讲究词义的嬗变和引申，所以有很多熟词僻意——这就是每年的大纲词汇只给单词而没有解释的原因，解释都是编者注的；其二，考研的句子以长难句为主，在筛选的时候就比较注意句型和结构，如果用结构分析法来阅读，可以省略掉许多没用的信息，比如说定语从句重点看，定语、表语、状语不用看。
反之，如果用单词分析法就会浪费很多时间，反复好几遍才能懂，如果被生词牵绊就进行不下去了；其三，长难句之间所隐藏的结构关系往往暗示着文章的逻辑关系，如果从词义来理解的话则很容易忽视整个文章的结构而导致做题时来回找原文。
真题的翻译作句型训练是最好的素材：句子比阅读的长，难度适中，结构典型，词义嬗变多。
翻译原则：主干结构顺线走，定语状语往前勾，前因后果多主动，名词从句依序翻
例如：
09年46）It is may be said that //the measure of worth of any social institution //is its effect in enlarging and improving experience//, but the effect is not a part of its original motive.
1、拿到该句，首先用十秒钟明确考点：形式主语，多重后置定语结构，名词性从句（主语）
2、潜意识中明确方法，就是本文的十大模块
（1）形式主语：翻译作Adj的是，然后再说that从句或者先翻译That后面的，然后加上“这是Adj的。
（2）多重后置定语：A of B of C 翻译成C的B的A
（3）名词性从句：有意义的引导词（如whether，what，how）采取直译的方法，而没有意义的“that”则省略不译。
3、最后琢磨词义形成翻译：可以这么说，任何社会机构的价值的判断标准在于其增加和提高人生经验的效果上，但是这一效果并非它们的原始动机的一
翻译讲义会详细解答
前两部分举例
一、多重后置定语
就是最常见的A of B of C的结构，翻译为:C的B的A
比如：
the insights of great men of genius
the evidence from experience concerning comparative validity
part of an exchange of duties and entitlements.
典型特征：
A（中心词）+介词（of）+B+介词（of）+C+….
翻译技巧：后浪推前浪
the insights of great men of genius 天才伟人的真知灼见
the evidence from experience concerning comparative validity 有关相对效度的经验证据
part of an exchange of duties and entitlements.义务与权利相交换的部分
99年翻译题74
There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry.
所谓方法论是指一般的历史研究中的特有概念，还是指历史探究中各个具体领域使用的研究手段，人们对此意见不一/人们没有一致意见。
举例：the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds：各种各样的科技工作者的努力。
二、定语结构
定语的翻译方法
（一）前置定语——直来直去
94年71题里的：ordinary things 普通的东西（事物）形容词作定语72题里的：scientific revolution 科技革命，形容词作定语
75题里的：Driving force 驱动力现在分词作定语（二）后置定语
1. 简单的后置定语——倒转乾坤
the information used 所使用的信息
the qualities to be measured 所要测定的特征。
2.复杂的后置定语——一拆为二
当一个单词或是词组的后置定语的意义和结构较为复杂的时候，我们把它倒置放在被修饰的单词或是词组的前面显得过于臃肿，这时我们就要考虑把后置定语拆开单独翻译，这种方法我们称之为：一拆为二
定语从句的翻译技巧：
一是限制性定语从句，He is a man whom you should not marry.
一类是非限定性定语从句He is my father, who love me a lot
（一）前置法
当一个限定性定语从句结构和意义较为简单，或是较为简短时，我们把英语原文的定语从句翻译成带“的”的定语词组, 放置于被修饰的词之前, 将英语原文的复合句翻译成汉语的简单句。
（二）单独成句
当一个限定性定语从句的结构较为复杂，意义较为繁杂的时候，如果把它翻译在其修饰的先行词的后面的话，会显得定语太过于臃肿和复杂，而无法让评卷老师看的清清楚楚，明明白白。
所以这个时候我们要把定语从句单独翻译出来, 放置于原来它所修饰的词的后面当定语。
（三）融合法
把主句和定语从句融合成一个简单句，定语从句译成谓语。
这种方法一般用于限制性定语从句，尤其是“there be”句型中。
There is a girl downstairs who wants to see you.楼下有人要见你。
There are many people who are interested in the new invention.很多人对这项发明感兴趣。
（四）状译法
1．时间状语
A driver who is driving the bus mustn’t talk with others or be absent-minded.
当司机在开车时，不许和人说话，也不能走神
2.原因状语
He showed no further wish for conversation with Mrs. Smith, who was now more than usually insolent and disagreeable.
他似乎不愿再和史密斯太太讲话，因为她现在异常无理，令人厌烦。
3.条件状语
Men become desperate for work, any work, which will help them to keep alive their families.
人们极其迫切地需要工作，不管什么工作，只要它能够维持一家人的生计就行。
4．目的状语
He is collecting authentic material that proves his argument.
为了证明他的观点，他正在收集确凿资料。