辅音字母组合的读音

辅音字母组合的读音

辅音字母组合读音例词

b [b] bike bus bag

[/] bomb tomb

C （1）后跟元音字母a，o，u时，字母c发[k]，例如：cat，come，cut，cake picture coat music；后跟e，i，y时，字母c发[s]，例如：nice，decide，Lucy，face decide cinema。

（2）后跟辅音字母k，r，s，t，以及位于单词最后时，字母c发[k]，例如：black，crossing，politics，dictate，picnic。

（3）单词中有双写字母c，后跟元音字母e或i时第一个c发[k]，第二个c发[s]，例如：successful，accident；后跟其它元音字母或字母组合时，两个c合发一个[k]，例如：account。

（4）后跟字母组合ei，er，ie或与词尾的字母e组合时，c发[s]，例如：receive，certainly，society；后跟字母组合ia时，c发[∫]，例如：especially。

ch 一般读作[t∫] much chick rich teacher

[k] chemist（化学家），chem-istry （化学），chemical（化学的），Christmas（圣诞节）， headache （头痛），school（学校）等6个单词中读[k]

[∫] machine

-ck [k] cock pocket black knock

d [d] doctor bread hand day

-dge [dʒ] bridge fridge

dr- [dr] children driver drink

f [f] five four breakfast

g在e i/y前 [g] bag garden go

[dʒ] orange large German

gh字母组合的读音在中学英语课本中归纳起来主要有“发音”和“不发音”两种情况。

一、gh在下列三种情况下发音

1．gh在词首时，读作/g/。例：ghost/gəʊst/

2．词首为字母1，且后跟字母组合augh时，gh读作/f/。例：laugh/la:f/，laughter/'la:ftə /，cough ，enough

3．词尾为字母组合ough时，gh读作/f/。例：enough /ɪ'nʌf/，cough/kɔf/，rough/rʌ f /，tough/tʌ f/

二、gh在下列五种情况下不发音

1．gh 在元音字母i后不发音。例：bright/br aɪt/，fight/f aɪt/，frighten/'fr aɪtn/，high/h aɪ/，light/l aɪt/，might/m aɪt/，night/n aɪ t/，right/r aɪ t/，sight/s aɪ t/，slight/sl aɪ t/

2．gh在元音字母组合ei和ai后不发音。例：eight/eɪt/，eighth/ eɪtθ/，neighbor/'n eɪbə/，straight/str eɪt/，weigh/w eɪ/，weight/w eɪ t/

3．gh在字母组合ought中不发音。例：bought/bɔ:t/，brought/br ɔ:t/，fought/fɔ:t/，thought/θɔ:t/

4．字母组合augh前面不是1时，gh不发音。caught/kɔ:t/，daughter/'dɔ:t?/，naught/nɔ:t/，naughty/'nɔ:ti/，taught/tɔ:t/

5．词尾为ough的词，如以上所述，有的发/f/，但有时也不发音。例：although/ɔːl'ðəʊ; /，plough/pl aʊ /，through/θru：/，though [ðəʊ]，thorough/'θʌrə /

注意：若gh不是字母组合，而是分属于前后两个不同的音节时，不适合以上规则。例：dininghall/['daɪnɪŋhɔːl] /

gu- -gue gu在非重读音节中 [g] guess league dialogue

[gw] language anguish

h [h] hot head house hand

[/] hour honest

j [dʒ] jeep jar joke join July

k [k] kind bike skate make week

kn- [n] knife know knock

l [l] life milk school tall

m [m] monkey come autumn

-mn [m] autumn column solemn

n在[k] [g]音前 [n] not shine ten note

[ŋ] uncle thank hungry

-ng [ŋ] morning young wrong

p [p] paper plane pig ship pen

ph [f] elephant photo telephone

q [k] Iraq

qu- [kw] quality quite

r [r] red rubber ruler

s在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前 [s] sit sleep desk

[z] music husband

sc- [sk] scarlet

[s] muscle science

sh [∫] she fish shirt wash

t [t] ten letter meet

在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前[∫] patient nation

tch [t∫] watch

th有清与浊两种读音：

1 当位于词首时，可以从词性上判别其应有的读音。请看：

第一类：在以下4种词类th 读清音，即国际音标的/θ/：

a. Noun 名词：thing, theatre, thumb大拇指, thunder雷,thermos热水瓶, Thursday, theory, theme, throat喉咙, thread线

b. Verb 动词：think, thank, throw, thrive, thicken,

c.Numeral 数词：three, thirteen, thirty, third, thousand

d.Adjective 形容词：thin, thick, thirsty, thoughtful, thorough彻底的

第二类：在以下两种词类th 读浊音/ð/：

a. Pronoun 代词：they, them, their, theirs, this, these,that, those, there

b. Functional terms 功能词：the, than, then, though, thus,therefore

2 当位于词尾（或音节之尾）时，其读音多数是清音，如：bath, breath, both, cloth, tooth, health, wealth, arithmetic 等。只有在少数单词中，如：with, smooth 中读浊音。

3 当位于两个元音之间时，其读音多数是浊音。如：other, mother, brother, another, father, weather, feather, leather, further, breathe。但是，也有读清音的，如在单词method, nothing, anything, sympathy, sympathetic, mathematics, healthy, wealthy, Luther, Marathon(马拉松)等。

tr- [tr] tree train country truck

v [v] very voice love leave

w [w] week win wake sweet wait

[/] Answer two

wh- wh-在字母o前 [w] what when white why

[h] who whose whole

x 在重读元音前 [ks] box text exercise

[gz] example exist exact

wr- [r] write

y- [j] yes yard yellow young

z [z] puzzle zero zoo