雅思作文及词汇soft Word 文档 (4)
剑桥英语4雅思考官范文(大作文+小作文)
剑4 2-1The table below shows the proportion of different categories of families living in poverty in Australia in 1999.Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.Write at least 150 words.The table gives a breakdown of the different types of family who were living in poverty in Australia in 1999.On average, 11% of all households,comprising almost two million people, were in this position. However, those consisting of only one parent or a single adult had almost double this proportion of poor people, with 21% and 19% respectively.Couples generally tended to be better off, with lower poverty levels for couples without children(7%) than those with children(12%). It is noticeable that for both types of household with children, a higher than average proportion were living in poverty at this time.Older people were generally less likely to be poor, though once again the trend favoured elderly couples(only 4%) rather than single elderly people(6%).Overall the table suggests that households of single adults and those with children were more likely to be living in poverty than those consisting of couples.剑4 2-2Happiness is considered very important in life.Why is it difficult to define?What factors are important in achieving happiness?Happiness is very difficult to define, because it means so many different things to different people. While some people link happiness to wealth and material success,others think it lies in emotions and loving personal relationships. Yet others think that spiritual paths, rather than either the material world or relationships with people, are the only way to true happiness.Because people interpret happiness for themselves in so many different ways, it is difficult to give any definition that is true for everyone. However, if there are different kinds of happiness for different individuals then the first step in achieving it would be to have a degree of self-knowledge. A person needs to know who he or she is before being able to know what it is that makes him or her happy.Of course, factors such as loving relationships, good health, the skills to earn a living and a peaceful environment all contribute to our happiness, too. But this does not mean that people without these conditions cannot be happy.Overall, I think an ability to keep clear perspectives in life is a more essential factor in achieving happiness. By that I mean an ability to have a clear sense of what is important in our lives (the welfare of our families, the quality of our relationships, making other people happy, etc.) and what is not (a problem at work, getting annoyed about trivial things, etc.).Like self-awareness, this is also very difficult to achieve, but I think these are the two factors that may be the most important for achieving happiness.剑4 3-1The chart below shows the different levels of post-school qualifications in Australia and the proportion of men and women who held them in 1999.Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.The chart gives information about post-school qualifications in terms of the different levels of further education reached by men and women in Australia in 1999We can see immediately that there were substantial difference in the proportion of men and women at different levels. The biggest gender difference is at the lowest post-school level, where 90% of those who held a skilled vocational diploma were men, compared with only 10% of women. Bycontrast, more women held undergraduate diplomas(70%) and marginally more women reached degree level(55%).At the higher levels of education, men with postgraduate diplomas clearly outnumbered their female counterpart (70% and 30%, respectively)，and also constituted 60% of Master’s graduates.Thus we can see that more men than women hold qualifications at the lower and higher levels of education, while more women reach undergraduate diploma level than men. The gender difference is smallest at the level of Bachelor’s degree, however.剑4 4-2In many countries schools have severe problems with student behavior. What do you think are the causes of this?What solutions can you suggest?Poor student behavior seems to be an increasingly widespread problem and I think that modern lifestyles are probably responsible for this.In many countries, the birth rate is decreasing so that families are smaller with fewer children. These children are often spoilt, not in terms of love and attention because working parents do not have the time for this, but in more material ways. They are allowed to have whatever they want, regardless of price, and to behave as they please. This means that the children grow up without consideration for others and without any understanding of where their standard of living comes from.When they get to school age they have not learnt any self control or discipline.They have less respect for their teachers and refuse to obey school rules in the way that their parents did.Teachers continually complain about this problem and measures should be taken to combat the situation. But I think the solution to the problem lies with the families, who need to be more aware of the future consequences of spoiling their children. If they could raise them to be considerate of others and to be social, responsible individuals, the whole community would benefit.Perhaps parenting classes are needed to help them to do this, and high quality nursery schools could be established that would support families more in terms of raising the next generation. The government should fund this kind of parental support, because this is no longer a problem for individual families, but for society as a whole.。
雅思写作之重点单词和词组
雅思写作之重点单词和词组一、动词：justify: 证明……是合理的conclude: 得出结论highlight: 突出，强调identify: 识别，鉴定justify: 证明……是合理的suggest: 建议undermine: 削弱address: 解决mitigate: 减轻hinder: 阻碍facilitate: 促进jeopardize: 危及enhance: 提高，增强stimulate: 刺激complicate: 使复杂化transform: 改变，转化challenge: 挑战benefit: 受益exploit: 利用generate: 产生manipulate: 操纵promote: 促进suppress: 压制vital: 至关重要的crucial: 至关重要的significant: 显著的significance: 重要性essential: 必要的essential to: 对……是必要的indispensable to: 对……是必不可少的二、名词：benefit: 利益cost: 成本，代价impact: 影响import: 重要性significance: 重要性challenge: 挑战solution: 解决方案trade-off: 权衡implication: 含义，影响outcome: 结果三、词组：in my view/opinion:在我看来in general:一般而言on the one hand/on the other hand:一方面/另一方面in spite of/despite the fact that:尽管/虽然as a result/consequence of:作为……的结果/后果in proportion to:与……成比例as well as:和，也，除……之外at the same time/moment:同时/此刻，另一方面for instance/example:例如，比如by contrast/comparison:相比之下，与……对照in addition/furthermore/moreover/besides: 另外/此外/再者/再说，除……之外。
剑桥雅思4作文范文(热门3篇)
剑桥雅思4作文范文(热门3篇)（经典版）编制人：__________________审核人：__________________审批人：__________________编制单位：__________________编制时间：____年____月____日序言下载提示：该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的，希望大家下载后，能够帮助大家解决实际问题。
文档下载后可定制修改，请根据实际需要进行调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种类型的经典范文，如工作总结、工作计划、合同协议、条据文书、策划方案、句子大全、作文大全、诗词歌赋、教案资料、其他范文等等，想了解不同范文格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by this editor. I hope that after you download it, it can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you!Moreover, our store provides various types of classic sample essays for everyone, such as work summaries, work plans, contract agreements, doctrinal documents, planning plans, complete sentences, complete compositions, poems, songs, teaching materials, and other sample essays. If you want to learn about different sample formats and writing methods, please stay tuned!剑桥雅思4作文范文(热门3篇)剑桥雅思4作文范文第1篇1.文章基本呈现了图表中的所有数字。
2024雅思写作范文
2024雅思写作范文（中英文版）English:The topic of discussion in this IELTS writing sample is whether parents should encourage their children to pursue careers in STEM fields.While some argue that it is crucial to foster interest in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, others believe that children should be free to choose their own paths.中文：在这篇2024年的雅思写作范文中，讨论的主题是父母是否应该鼓励他们的孩子从事STEM领域的事业。
有些人认为培养对科学、技术、工程和数学的兴趣至关重要，而其他人则认为孩子们应该自由选择自己的道路。
English:In the introduction, the writer presents both perspectives and outlines the main arguments that will be discussed in the essay.The body paragraphs contain detailed explanations and examples to support each viewpoint.The writer also addresses potential counterarguments and provides reasons why they are not valid.中文：在引言部分，作者提出了两种观点，并概述了将在文章中讨论的主要论点。
主体段落包含详细的解释和例子来支持每个观点。
剑桥雅思词汇 Word-List4
剑桥雅思词汇Word List-4The factory and town which might cause disturbance are located out of the way, about 15 kilomete the area most densely populated by birds.可能造成干扰的工厂和城镇位于路段以外，离稠密的鸟类栖息地约15公里。
densely ad.密集地，浓厚地【释】 thick; close together; difficult to go or see through【派】 a. dense; n. density【例】 America is one of the most densely populated cities in the world.美国城市是世界上人口密高的地方之一。
The richer and more important the person, the more careful and elaborate would be his or her buria the stronger and safer the tomb in which they would be buried.越是富有和重要的人，葬礼越是会精心安排，坟墓也更为坚固和安全。
elaborate a.精细的，详尽的，精心的 v. 详细地说明，推敲【释】 v. to add more information to or explain something that you have said; a. very complicate detailed【派】 n. elaboration; ad. elaborately【用】 elaborate on【例】 He elaborated a plan of study. 他仔细制订了学习计划。
There are also several direct methods of elicitation, such as asking informants to fill in the blanks in substitution frame.还有几种直接的诱导方法，比如让被调查者填写替换格。
雅思小作文-用词总结
目 录
• 描述图表类常用词汇 • 描述图表类常用句型 • 描述图表类常用高级词汇 • 描述图表类常用高级句型
01
CATALOGUE
描述图表类常用词汇
描述数据变化的常用词汇
上升
increase, rise, climb, go up
下降
decrease, fall, drop, go down
The percentage of X accounted for approximately Z percent of the total number/figure/rate/percentage in 2018.
THANKS
感谢观看
描述数据波动
There was a fluctuation in the number/figure/amount of ... with a peak at ... and a trough at ...
描述趋势的常用句型
描述上升趋势
The trend of ... is upward/ascending.
representing a rise of Z percentage points.
描述波动趋势
The number/figure/rate/percentage fluctuated between X and Y over the
period from 2008 to 2018.
描述下降趋势
The number/figure/rate/percentage decreased from X in 2008 to Y in 2018, representing a fall of Z percentage points.
雅思写作各大话题词汇汇总
雅思写作各大话题词汇汇总教育：知识+能力褒义万能理由acquire/gain/be informed of knowledge 获取知识widen one's scope of knowledge 拓展知识面have quick and easy access to something 快速接触到某物cultivate/nurture/foster skills/ability/competence 培养能力promote/accelerate the development of...促进发展motivate/drive sb. to do... 促使某人做某事improve/enhance one's physical/mental health 改善身心健康stimulate/arouse/raise one's interest in 激发某人在…的兴趣tap one’s interest in 开发某人在…的兴趣relieve/release/ease stress/pressure缓解/释放压力boost/enhance efficiency 提高效率fulfill one's potential 发展潜能tap one’s potential 挖掘潜能integrate theory with practice 理论与实践相结合set/provide a solid foundation for 为...打下坚实的基础prepare oneself for future life/career为未来生活/职业做好准备adapt/adjust/accommodate oneself to new environment/change适应环境/变化Increase their employability 增强就业适应能力cope with the fierce/intense competition 应对激烈的竞争Raise competitiveness 提升竞争力Expand social circle扩大交际圈Develop one’s ability to adapt to the society培养某人适应社会的能力Rekindle students` enthusiasm about…重新点燃学生们对于...的热情strengthen students` willpower 锻炼学生们的意志力Keep skills fresh and up-to-date 使得技能可以与时俱进Become outstanding/prominent 脱颖而出Become proficient in reading and writing skills 熟练地掌握读写技能Improve their analytical skills 提高他们的分析能力Sharpen their skill 强化技能Help students to grasp a wide range of skills 帮助学生掌握广泛的技能Hone their problem-solving skills 提升它们解决问题的能力Promote students’ intellectual growth 促进学生思维能力发展Develop their observation skills 发展观察能力Foster students’ critical thinking abilities 培养学生的辩证思维能力Increase their logical thinking skills 增进逻辑思维能力Encourage and nurture their creative development and imagination 鼓励培养他们创造力和想象力Enhance their interpersonal communication skills 提升人际沟通能力Equip them with employment skills 装备就业技能Increase their employ-ability 增进它们的就业适应性Improve their career prospects after graduation 提升学生毕业之后的职业发展前景Find a decent job 找到体面的工作Develop self-discipline 发展自制力Enhance comprehensive quality 提高综合素质Develop their skills (thinking and learning skills; problem-solving skills, social skills, communication skills, cooperating skills; creative ability, artistic skills) 发展他们的技能(思考和学习能力；解决问题的能力；社交能力；交流能力；合作；创新；艺术)Improve their academic skills 提高他们的学术技能Gain/lack practical experience 获得/缺乏实践经验Lack self-discipline 缺乏自我约束力Increase/enhance their independence 增强独立性Develop good learning habits 形成良好的习惯Boost their life skills 提升他们的生活技能Teach their children good manners 教给孩子良好的举止Meet/satisfy students’ needs/demands满足学生的需要boost children's confidence 提升自信sharpen one' employment skills 强化就业技能Shape one’s character 养成良好的性格Boost their life skills 提升他们的生活技能broaden one's knowledge and open one's view 拓展知识和开拓视野better prepare themselves for future life 为将来的生活做好更好的准备face the challenge 面对挑战cope with the fierce/intense competition 应对激烈的竞争give equal education opportunities to economically-disadvantaged students 给贫穷的学生提供平等的教育机会have a good grasp of lessons 很好地掌握课堂知识have a good mastery of communication skills 熟练掌握交流技能strengthen adaptability 提升适应性advance their career 促进他们的职业发展strengthen one’s operative skills 提高操作技能boost their life skills 提升他们的生活技能enhance comprehensive quality 提高综合素质receive quality education 接受素质教育贬义万能理由：耗时间idle away their time破坏孩子的身体/心理健康damage theirphysical/psychological well-being 分散学生的注意力distract students from...沉迷于be addicted to/be indulged in/ indulge oneself in /be obsessed with 加重学习压力intensify academic pressure 让孩子们变得软弱weaken children`s willpower削弱学生对于...的兴趣sap/ dampen students` interest in浪费孩子的潜力waste youngsters` potential导致理论与实践相脱节disconnect theory from practice扼杀/伤害创造力stifle/undermine creativity降低效率lower/diminish efficiency让学生产生挫败感frustrate students让学生疲惫不堪make students exhausted变得消极/失去动力get demotivated失去个性lose individuality伤害他们的自尊damage their self-esteem削弱他们的信心diminish their self-confidence教育话题其他必备表达:高等教育high-level/university/tertiary education初级教育low-level/elementary/primary education义务教育compulsory education应试教育exam-oriented education素质教育quality-oriented education全面发展的教育education for all-round development环境话题Solutionconserve resources 节约资源preserve the environment 保护环境promote sustainable development 促进可持续发展raise / elevate citizen`s awareness of 提高公民的…意识harness natural resources开发自然资源enrich biodiversity 丰富生物多样性reduce car emissions 减少尾气排放recycle something 循环利用某物renewable energy可再生资源non-renewable energy不可再生资源degradable materials可降解的材料shoulder one`s responsibility 承担责任protect/preserve wild animals 保护野生动物use resources properly 正确利用资源support and encourage the use of sustainable energy sources 支持并鼓励使用具有可持续性的能源reduce global dependence on fossil fuels 减少全球对化石燃料的依赖Achieve a higher level of environmental development 在发展过程当中实现更高程度的环境可持续性reduce private car use 减少对私家车的使用Reduce the excessive reliance on fossil fuels 减少对化石燃料的过渡依赖Control industrial pollution 控制工业污染develop clean energy projects发展清洁能源工程Formulate some related policies and rules and regulations 制定相关政策和法律法规Issue/launch environment-related laws出台环境相关的法律Regulate one’s behavior规范人们的行为Raise public’s green awareness 提高环保意识Reduce greenhouse gas emission 减少温室气体的排放Reduce our dependence on private cars 减少我们对私家车的依赖Walk or cycle to and from work 步行或骑自行车上下班Raise/arouse/evoke public awareness/consciousness of environmental issues 提高/唤醒公众对于环境问题的意识Increase the public`s environmental awareness 提高公众的环境意识Environmental education campaigns 大规模的环境教育宣传活动Media coverage of environmental issues 媒体对于环境问题的报道Be educated about environmental issues at school 在学校里接受关于环境问题的教育Public education programs on environmental protection 关于环境保护的公众教育项目arouse/evoke people's consciousness of environmental protection 唤醒人们的环境保护意识guarantee the sustainable development 保证可持续发展correct our near-sightedness 改正我们的短见develop renewable / alternative / cleaner / greener energy 发展可再生（清洁）能源launch environment-related laws 建立环境相关的法律enforce strict laws and regulations 实施严格的法律法规recyclable materials 可重复利用的材料non-renewable sources 不可再生资源degradable materials 可降解的材料环境话题Problems/Reasons消耗资源consume/ deplete resources严重破坏环境ruin/ devastate the environment环境恶化the deterioration of environment以生态为代价发展经济push forward the economy at the expense of ecosystem滥用自然资源misuse natural resources使生态系统恶化aggravate the ecosystem威胁生物多样性jeopardize biodiversity忽视尾气问题overlook the emission problem扔掉某物throw something away逃避某人的责任shirk one`s responsibility威胁野生动物的生存endanger wild animals耗尽资源use up /exhaust人类活动对自然资源构成压力human activities put pressure on natural resources对自然资源构成严重的压力put a severe strain on natural resources对于某事物的需求已经远远超过了供给the demand for...has far exceeded the supply过度地开采自然资源over-exploit natural resources正在以不具有可持续性的速度被消耗be depleted at an unsustainable rate对于自然资源快速上升的需求the rapidly rising demand for natural resources 破坏环境harm/damage/ do harm to the environment威胁到环境pose a threat to／threaten the environment环境的恶化the deterioration of the environment对化石能源的过渡依赖an excessive dependence on fossil fuels 见证污染能源的衰竭witness the sudden collapse of dirty energy逆转对河流和森林的伤害reverse the damage to the rivers and forests暴露在污染中会威胁健康the exposure to pollution pose a threat to health导致可怕的后果lead to dire consequences让地球变得不那么适于居住make the planet less habitable for our species对生态系统的破坏是不可逆转的the damage to the ecosystemis irreversible 对生态系统产生极其严重的破坏have devastating effects on the ecosystem工作类seize employment就业hunt jobs 找工作succeed in finding decent jobs 成功找到体面的工作get a well-paid job 找到高薪工作have access to a larger social circle 能够通往更大的社交圈promote job satisfaction 提高工作满意度fulfill/realize their ambitions 实现他们的梦想gain a sense of fulfillment 收获充实感live／lead a comfortable life 过着舒服的生活cover living expenses 支付生活费enter the workforce 参加工作adapt to the workplace 适应职场manage to overcome the difficulties 成功克服问题keep pace with the relentless urbanization 跟上快速的城市化进程high employment rate has far-reaching effects. 高的就业率有深远的影响。
剑雅15 test4大作文范文
剑雅15 test4大作文范文下载温馨提示:该文档是我店铺精心编制而成，希望大家下载以后，能够帮助大家解决实际的问题。
文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor. I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copy excerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!《学校应不应该教实用技能》。
嘿，小伙伴们！今天咱们来聊聊一个有趣的话题，学校应不应该教实用技能呢？我觉得呀，学校应该教实用技能。
雅思写作词汇完整
以下是一些雅思写作中常用的词汇，涵盖了不同的话题和语境，希望对你有所帮助。
**Argumentation**（论证）- Claim 声称- Evidence 证据- Contradict 反驳- Validate 证实- Justify 证明- Argument 论据-Backing 支持- Opposition 反对- Persuade 说服- Reinforce 加强- Sustain 维持- Debate 辩论- Assert 断言**Description**（描述）- Characterize 描述- Depict 描绘- Illustrate 说明- Describe 描写- Portray 描绘- Represent 代表- Feature 特征- Attribute 特质- Detail 细节- Peculiarity 特性- Morphology 形态- Configuration 构造**Causes and Effects**（因果关系）- Affect 影响- Cause 导致- Consequence 后果- Result 结果- Trigger 触发- Influence 影响- Generate 产生- Antecedent 先行词- Enact 制定- Impose 强加- Spark 引发- Catalyst 催化剂**Comparison and Contrast**（比较与对比）- Similarity 相似之处- Differ 不同-Contrast 对比- Differentiate 区分- Similar 相似的- Distinct 不同的- Comparable 可比较的- Superior 优越的- Inferior 劣质的- Parallel 平行的- Alternative 可选择的**Time**（时间）- Past 过去- Present 现在- Future 未来- Historically 历史上- Currently 目前-Traditionally 传统上-Contemporary 当代的-Previously 以前- Subsequently 随后- Initially 最初-Eventually 最终**Logic**（逻辑）- Therefore 因此- Consequently 所以- Hence 因此- Thus 这样- Because 因为- Since 由于- As a result 结果- For this reason 由于这个原因- Leads to 导致- Justifies 证明- Requires 需要**Opinion**（观点）- Believe 相信- Think 认为- Consider 考虑- Perceive 察觉-Opinion 观点- Perspective 视角-Viewpoint 观点- Attitude 态度-Judgment 判断-Assessment 评估-Interpretation 解释这些只是一些常见的雅思写作词汇，你可以根据具体的写作话题和要求进一步扩展和学习相关词汇。
(完整word版)雅思写作话题词汇(全).
雅思写作话题分类词汇教育与学业考试频率：★★★★★Education and study 教育与学业1、Teaching methods 教学方法7、Generation gap 代沟2、Educational facilities 教育设施8、Adolescents’/Teenagers’ problems 青少年问题3、Academic subjects 学校科目9、Studying abroad 留学话题4、Computer and learning(teaching) 电脑与学习（教学）10、Taking a part—time job 兼职工作5、Personal development 个人发展 11、Parents’/Teachers' responsibilities 父母/教师责任6、Physical and mental growth 身心成长12、Functions/tuition of university 大学功能/学费真题重现In schools and universities， some girls tend to choose arts subjects， while boys choose to study science subjects. What are the reasons? Do you think this trend should be changed?Some people think that the main purpose of school is to turn children as a good citizens and workers, rather to benefit them as individuals。
To what extent do you agree or disagree？分类词汇加油站1。
scope of knowledge 知识面 2。
(完整版)雅思写作核心词汇梳理
核心词汇梳理Sublist 1analyse 分析，观察approach 方法，接近area 区域assess 评估assume 假设authority 权利，当局available 可得的benefit 利益，有益的concept 概念consist 组成，在于established 已制定的estimate 估计，估价evidence 证据export 输出，出口factors 因素financial 金融的formula 公式，配方function 功能identified 被识别的income 收入occur 发生，出现percent 百分比period 时期，周期policy 政策，保险单principle 原则，本质procedure 程序，步骤process 加工，过程required 必需的research 研究，调查response 反应，回答constitutional 体制的context 环境，上下文contract 订约，合同create 创造data 数据，资料definition 定义derived 衍生的distribution 分布，分配economic 经济的environment 环境indicate 表明，指出individual 个人，个体interpretation 翻译involved 有关的issues 议题labour 劳动力，人工legal 法律的，合法的legislation 立法major 主要的，科目method 方法role 角色，任务section 部分，章节sector 部门significant 有效，有意义similar 相似的source 来源specific 特定的，明确的structure 结构，组织theory 理论，推测variable 可变的Sublist 2achieve 达成acquisition 获得administration 管理affect 影响，感动appropriate 适当的aspects 方面assistance 辅助categories 类别chapter 章回commission 委员会design 设计，构思distinction 区别elements 基础，原理equation 等式，反应式evaluation 评价，估价features 特点final 最终的focus 焦点，中心impact 影响，冲突injury 损伤potential 潜在的，电势previous 以前的primary 初级的，基本的purchase 购买的range 范围region 地区，范围regulations 规程relevant 有关的resident 居住的，居民resource 资源，办法community 社区，团体complex 复杂的computer 计算机conclusion 结论，推论conduct 带领，引导consequences 结果construction 建设，结构consumer 消费者，用户credit 信用cultural 文化的institute 制定，创立invest 投资，耗费items 所有物品，项目journal 杂志，日记maintain 维持，主张normal 正常的，标准的obtain 获得participate 参与perceive 察觉，理解positive 积极的，确定的restrict 限制，约束secure 保护，安全的seek 寻求select 挑选site 地点，设置strategy 战略，策略survey 调查text 文本，发短信tradition 惯例，传统transfer 转移，转让Sublist 3alternative 供选择的circumstance 环境，情况comment 评论compensate 补偿，赔偿component 组成的，成分consent 同意，一致considerable 相当大的constant 不变的contain 包含，容纳contribute 贡献，出力emphasis 重点，强调ensure 确保，保证exclude 排除，排斥framework 框架，结构fund 基金，投资illustrate 阐明，举例immigrate 移入imply 意味，暗示initial 最初的instance 实例，情况philosophy 哲学physical 物理的，身体的proportion 比例，面积publish 发表，公布react 反应，反抗register 注册，登记rely 依靠，信赖remove 移动，迁移scheme 计划，组织sequence 序列，顺序convene 召集，传唤coordinate 协调core 核心，要点corporate 公司的correspond 一致criteria 标准，条件deduce 推断demonstrate 展示，论证document 文件，证件dominate 支配，控制interact 相互影响justify 证明合法layer 层link 链接，关系locate 定位maximise 增至最大minor 次要的，较小的negate 否定outcome 结果，成果partner 合伙人sex 性别shift 转变，转换specify 详细说明，列举sufficient 充分的task 任务，作业technical 科技的，技术的technique 技巧，技术technology 技术，工艺valid 有效的volume 量，卷Sublist 4access 进入，接近adequate 充足的，适当的annual 年度的apparent 显然的，表面的approximate 近似，接近于attitude 态度，看法attribute 特质，把...归为civil 公民的code 密码，编码commit 犯罪，指派error 误差，错误ethnic 种族的，人种的goal 目标，得分grant 授予，允许hence 因此，以后hypothesis 假设implement 实施，执行implicate 暗示impose 强加，利用integrate 整合，结合parallel 平行线，对比parameter 参数，系数phase 阶段predict 预言principal 主要的，校长prior 优先的professional 专业的project 设计，计划promote 促进，提升regime 政权，社会制度communicate 交流，传达concentrate 集中，浓缩confer 授予，协商contrast 对比，对照cycle 循环，自行车debate 争论despite 尽管，轻视dimension 尺寸，纬度domestic 国内的，家庭的emerge 浮现，暴露internal 内部的，国内的investigate 调查，研究job 工作，职业label 标签，标注mechanism 机制，原理obvious 明显的occupy 占据，占领option 选项output 输出，产量overall 全部的resolve 解决，分解retain 保持，记住series 系列statistic 统计的，统计数值status 地位，情形stress 压力，强调subsequent 后来的sum 总数，总结summary 概要，总结undertake 从事，承担。
雅思写作话题词汇积累(写作初步到精通)
雅思写作话题词汇积累（写作初步到精通）引言雅思写作部分是考生们比较头疼的一部分，其中词汇积累是写作的基础。
本文档将提供一个从写作初步到精通的雅思写作话题词汇积累，帮助考生们在备考过程中更好地准备写作部分。
写作初步写作初步阶段的考生需要掌握一些基础的写作词汇，以应对一些常见的话题。
以下是一些常见话题及相关词汇的积累：1. 教育- education: 教育- school: 学校- student: 学生- teacher: 老师- knowledge: 知识- learn: 研究- study: 研究- examination: 考试- homework: 家庭作业- classroom: 教室2. 环境- environment: 环境- pollution: 污染- global warming: 全球变暖- climate change: 气候变化- recycle: 回收利用- renewable energy: 可再生能源- deforestation: 森林砍伐- conserve: 保护3. 健康- health: 健康- exercise: 锻炼- diet: 饮食- obesity: 肥胖- smoking: 吸烟- stress: 压力- illness: 疾病- medicine: 药物- doctor: 医生写作精通写作精通阶段的考生需要更高级的词汇，并能够更灵活地运用于不同的写作话题。
以下是一些高级写作词汇的积累：1. 原因- cause: 原因- factor: 因素- contribute to: 造成- lead to: 导致- result in: 结果是- trigger: 引发2. 后果- consequence: 后果- result: 结果- effect: 影响3. 解决方案- solution: 解决方案- approach: 方法- strategy: 策略- measure: 措施- initiative: 倡议- tackle: 解决总结通过积累不同话题的词汇，考生们可以在雅思写作中更加流畅和准确地表达自己的观点。
雅思小作文《词汇》
minor(形容词)
倍数
• 两倍：double, twice
– The total output is double that of last year. – The total output has doubled since last year. – The total output is twice as much as last year.
– take an average
• average out at… • strike a balance
具体上升/下降多少
• 静值：at, of, with
– The number of population peaked at 2 million.
• 动值：to
– The number of population increased to 2 million.
• 中间位置：follow by, close behind, subsequently come
• 最后位置：eventually stand, the last place was distributed to
预测
• expect, predict, project, forecast, estimate, think
1.
• 份: part, share, segment, section, portion, • 率: rate
– at a higher/steady rate
数值
• 20%: 20 percent • 1/2: 50%, half, • 1/3: one in three, one third • 1/4: one out of every four, a quarter, one
雅思英语词汇作文模板范文
雅思英语词汇作文模板范文Title: IELTS English Vocabulary Essay Template Sample。
Introduction:The use of a wide range of vocabulary is essential for achieving a high score in the IELTS exam. In this essay, we will discuss the importance of vocabulary in the IELTS exam, provide a template for writing essays using advanced vocabulary, and present a sample essay using this template.Importance of Vocabulary in the IELTS Exam:Vocabulary plays a crucial role in all sections of the IELTS exam, including the writing, speaking, reading, and listening sections. In the writing section, a varied and sophisticated vocabulary is necessary to express ideas clearly and coherently. Similarly, in the speaking section, a diverse vocabulary helps candidates to articulate their thoughts and opinions effectively. In the reading and listening sections, a strong vocabulary enables candidates to comprehend and interpret complex texts and audio recordings.Template for Writing Essays Using Advanced Vocabulary:Introduction:Introduce the topic and provide some background information.State your opinion or position on the topic.Body Paragraph 1:Present the first supporting point or argument.Use advanced vocabulary to elaborate on the point.Provide examples or evidence to support your argument.Body Paragraph 2:Present the second supporting point or argument.Use advanced vocabulary to elaborate on the point.Provide examples or evidence to support your argument.Body Paragraph 3:Present the third supporting point or argument (if applicable).Use advanced vocabulary to elaborate on the point.Provide examples or evidence to support your argument.Conclusion:Summarize the main points and restate your opinion.Use advanced vocabulary to emphasize the significance of your arguments.Sample Essay Using the Template:Topic: The Impact of Technology on Education。
雅思小作文专题词汇
雅思小作文专题词汇今天咱们来唠唠雅思小作文的专题词汇。
我在这写作领域都混了20多年了，可这雅思小作文的词汇啊，还真有点门道呢。
先说说那些描述数据的词儿吧。
像“increase”，这词儿太普通了，咱得整点高级的，“soar”就很不错，一用这个词儿，那数据“嗖”地一下往上涨的感觉就出来了，就像火箭发射似的，“rocket”这个词儿也能表示猛增呢。
还有“decrease”也很一般，“plummet”或者“dip”就更形象啦，感觉数据像坐过山车一样“唰”地就下去了。
我记得我刚开始写的时候啊，就只会用那些简单的词儿，唉，那时候可傻啦。
咱再说说图表类型相关的词汇。
“pie chart”，这个大家都知道吧，像个大饼似的。
我有个朋友叫小李，有一次他把“pie chart”说成了“cake chart”，哈哈哈，笑死人了。
还有“bar chart”，那些个条条就像一根根小柱子站在那儿。
要是描述折线图呢，“line graph”，那线条就像小蛇一样扭来扭去的。
描述比例的词儿也很重要啊。
“proportion”是个常用的，不过“percentage”也不能忘。
我记得好像还有个“ratio”，不过也可能记错喽。
有时候我自己都搞混这些词儿，然后就得重新翻字典看看，真是懊恼啊。
在雅思小作文里，还经常会用到表示趋势的词。
“trend”这个词儿太常见了，“tendency”也可以表示趋势哦。
要是说这个趋势是稳定的呢，“stable”是个不错的选择，就像一个人稳稳地站在那儿，动都不动。
咱这行业里啊，有个传说，说是有个大神，写雅思小作文从来不用重复的词汇，那词汇量简直绝了。
我就想啊，我啥时候能达到人家那个水平呢？宝子们，你们是不是也有这种想法呀？还有啊，现在雅思小作文的话题越来越多样化了，不像以前那么单一。
这就要求咱们掌握更多的词汇。
就像现在流行文化里那些不断更新换代的东西一样，咱的词汇也得与时俱进。
比如说，以前可能很少会在小作文里描述什么环保数据之类的，现在可不一样啦。
雅思4.20大作文
雅思4.20大作文我的学校可好了。
学校里有好多树，就像一个个绿色的大伞。
操场很大，我们在上面跑呀跳呀，像一群快乐的小鸟。
教室也特别明亮，桌子椅子都整整齐齐的。
老师上课可有趣了，会给我们讲好多好玩的故事。
有一次，老师讲小猴子下山的故事，学小猴子的样子，逗得我们哈哈大笑。
我还有很多好朋友在学校里。
我们课间一起玩游戏，像捉迷藏呀，跳绳呀。
有一回我不小心摔倒了，小伙伴们赶紧过来扶我，问我疼不疼，我心里暖暖的。
我爱我的学校，这里就像我的第二个家。
我最喜欢小狗啦。
小狗的眼睛圆溜溜的，就像两颗黑宝石。
它的耳朵耷拉着，一听到动静就会竖起来。
我家邻居就有一只小狗，叫小白。
它特别可爱，每次我放学回家，小白就会摇着尾巴跑过来，围着我转圈圈。
有一次我带了一根肉骨头给它，它高兴得跳起来，叼着骨头就跑到一边去吃，吃得可香了。
小狗还很忠诚呢。
有个故事说，有只小狗一直守在主人的墓前，不管刮风下雨，它都不离开。
我觉得小狗是人类最好的朋友，我希望能一直和小狗一起玩。
我心中的英雄是我的爸爸。
我的爸爸很强壮，他的肩膀宽宽的，就像一座小山。
爸爸很勤劳，每天早早地就起来去工作。
有一次，我半夜生病发烧了，爸爸二话不说就背着我去医院。
那时候天还黑着呢，爸爸跑得气喘吁吁的，但是他一直紧紧地背着我。
爸爸还很勇敢。
有一回我们家进了一只老鼠，我和妈妈都很害怕。
爸爸就拿着扫帚，把老鼠赶跑了。
在我心里，爸爸就是最厉害的人，他是我的英雄，我以后也要像爸爸一样勇敢和勤劳。
英语词汇soft Word 文档
1. a host of = a lot of 大量2. abandon = give up 放弃3. absence 没有，不存在4. abide by = obey; comply with, conform to遵守5. abnormalities 不正常6. absolute cf: relative; comparative 绝对的7. absorption 吸收，理解8. abstract cf: concrete 抽象的；摘要9. abundance—abundantly =rich (ness) 充足；大量10. abuse 滥用11. accelerate—acceleration =speed up 加速12. access to—accessible 接近；获得13. accommodate—accommodation 提供食宿；以适应14. accomplishment =achievement 成就，圆满完成15. account for 解释；占据百分比16. accountant 会计17. accumulation 积累18. accuracy—accurate 精确性19. acknowledge 公认、承认20. acquaintance 熟人；熟悉（with）21. acquire—acquisition—acquisitive 获得；学会；习得；合并22. act on 对…起作用23. actively 积极地；主动地24. adapt to 适应25. addict 上瘾26. address 称呼；强调27. adjoin 毗邻28. adjust 调节29. admiration 景仰；崇拜30. admission 录取；允许进入；门票31. adopt 领养；采纳32. adventurous 冒险的；历险的33. advisability—advisable —advisor—advisory 可取性—值得建议的—建议者—指导性的34. advocate 支持；拥护（者）35. affiliate 附属36. affinity 关系；酷爱37. afford 买得起；承受得起代价38. agenda 议事日程39. agent 代理人；主体40. aggravate =worsen 恶化41. aggressive 挑衅的，好斗的；积极进取的42. aging 衰老的43. agony （身心的）极大痛苦44. aid = help45. aim 目标46. alien to 不相容的；与…相反的47. align with 与…一致48. all but =almost49. allegation陈述；声称50. allocation 分配，拨给（款项）51. allow for把…考虑在内52. alone仅就…而言53. along one track顺着某一做事方式54. alphabet—alphabetically 字母表—按字母表顺序的55. alter 改变（衣服大小和容貌）56. alternative—alternatively选择；可供选择的—可供选择地57. amateur 业余的58. amazed—amazing惊异的—令人惊异的59. ambiguous 容易引起歧义的；模棱两可的60. ambition 雄心；野心61. amid =in the middle of62. amount to =reach 达到；到达63. ample 大的；充足的64. analogous 类似物，近似物65. analysis—analyst 分析66. ancestor 祖先67. anchor 抛锚；停泊68. angle 角度69. announce 宣告70. anonymous 匿名的71. anticipate =expect72. anxiety 焦虑73. anything but =not at all 一点也不74. apart from =besides 除…以外还有75. apparatus 设备；装置76. apparent—apparently 明显地77. appeal to =attract 吸引78. appliance—applicable—application 用具；器具—申请；应用79. appreciate 欣赏；理解；感激80. apprehensive忧虑的81. approach 途径；接近82. appropriate 合适的；恰当的83. arbiter 权威人士；仲裁员84. arbitrary武断的；刚愎自用的85. arrival 到达86. articulate 明确而有力地表达87. artistic 艺术的88. aspired 有灵感的89. assault=attack 袭击90. assemble =get together 集合；组装91. assert 断言；声称92. assess—assessable 评估93. assign 安排；布置94. assimilate—assimilation 同化95. assist—assistance = help 帮助96. assume—assumption= take on 假设；承担；呈现97. assure 使某人确信98. astonishing 令人震惊的99. at a loss =confused 迷惑的100. at random 随机地101. at the mercy of 任由某人处置102. at will 任意地；随意地103. attach importance to 强调；重视104. attain 达到；获得105. attempt 企图；试图106. attendance—attentive to 关注107. attitude态度108. attribute to 把…归因于109. auditor 审计员；查帐人110. augment 扩大；增加；提高111. authentic 地道的112. authority—authorize 权威—授权113. automate 自动化114. auxiliary 辅助的115. average 普通的；平均的116. awaken 唤醒；唤起117. aware意识到；知道118. awkwardly 尴尬地119. baby boom 婴儿潮120. backbone 栋梁；中坚121. bait 鱼饵，诱饵122. ban 禁止123. bank on 寄希望于124. barely 几乎不125. bargain 讨价还价；便宜货126. barrier 障碍127. baseline 底线128. be absorbed in 全神贯注于129. be bound up with与某事物关系密切130. be composed of由…组成131. be confined to 局限于132. be engaged in 从事于133. be fascinated with 被…迷住了134. be indicative of 表明135. be obliged to 被迫做某事136. be opposed to 反对137. be rooted in 以…为根源138. bearable 可以忍受的139. belt 带状物140. beneficial—benefit 有好处的—利益；对…有好处141. betray 背叛142. better off 经济状况变得更好143. beyond dispute毋庸质疑144. bias 偏见145. bilingual 双语的146. bill 法案147. binding 受法律约束的148. biomedical 生物医学的149. bitter 苦涩的，激烈的150. blind 盲目的151. block 阻碍152. bold 大胆的；冒进的153. bombard…with 攻击某人/物154. bonus 奖金；意外的好处155. boom 热潮156. booth 电话亭157. bore 使厌烦158. bound 注定；装订159. boundary 边界160. brake 刹车；阻碍因素161. brand 品牌162. break down 崩溃163. break through—breakthrough突破164. breakout 爆发165. breed 种；血统；滋生166. brightening 照亮的167. bring out 产生168. bring under control 控制住169. broadly 从广义上说170. brochure 小册子171. broker 经纪人172. bubble 冒泡；充满喜悦之情173. budget 预算174. build up 建立175. bulk 大块；大量176. bunch 一束；一簇177. burdensome 造成负担的178. bureaucracy 官僚机构179. business 事务180. by a large margin 以较大差距赢利181. bypass 偏路182. byproduct 副产品183. call for 要求184. call on 拜访185. call up 打电话；召集186. campaign （没有硝烟的）战争187. candidate 候选人188. canteen 食堂189. capability—capable 能力—能干的190. capacity 能力；容量191. capital—capitalism首要的/资本—资本主义192. captive—capture 俘虏—捕获193. carefree 无忧无虑的194. carry out 实现；完成195. carry weight 有影响；有份量；有力196. casual—casually 随意地197. cater to 迎合，满足198. caution—cautious—cautiously 小心；谨慎199. cease =stop 停止200. cement 水泥；巩固，加强201. census 人口普查202. centralization—centralize 中央集权化203. chain 连串；连锁店204. chair 主持205. channel 频道；渠道206. characteristics 特征207. cheery 喜气洋洋的208. chiefly 主要地209. child bearing 生孩子210. chip 薄片；芯片；电脑211. circuits 电路；封闭线路212. circumstance 条件213. citizenry 公民身份214. civil—civilization—civilize 国内的—文明—使文明215. claim—claiming声称（对…具有所有权）216. clash 冲突217. class—classify类别—分类218. classic 古典的；经典的219. clear-cut 明确的220. client 当事人；顾客221. climbing ladder 升职路径222. cling to 附着223. clinics 诊所224. clone 克隆；复制225. cluster 簇；丛/ 聚集226. code 方式227. coincidence 巧合228. collapse 坍塌229. colleague 同事230. colony 殖民地231. combat 战斗；对抗232. come into being形成233. come on 进步；成长234. command 掌握；精通235. commercial—commercialized商业的；广告—商业化236. commission—commit—commitment佣金；回扣—犯（罪，错误）237. commodity 商品238. community 一个群体239. commute 通勤（固定往返于两地之间）240. company 陪伴241. comparative—comparison 比较而言的—比较242. compassionate 有同情心的243. compel=force 强迫244. compensate—compensation=make up弥补；补偿245. competently能干地246. competition—competitiveness—competitor竞争—竞争激烈—竞争者247. compile编撰248. complementary补充的249. component组成成分250. comprehension 理解251. comprehensive 全面的，综合的252. compress 压缩253. compulsion—compulsive 强制254. concept=idea 观念；概念255. concern担心，关心256. concise简洁的257. conclusive结论性的258. concrete具体的259. condense 浓缩260. conduct—conductive行为；进行，实施261. confer—conference商讨；授予—会议262. confess承认（坏事）263. confide泄露秘密264. confirm进一步证实265. conflict冲突266. conform—conformity to 遵守；符合267. confront—confrontation面对；面临268. confusion迷惑269. connotation 言外之意270. conscious有意识的271. consensus共识272. consent同意273. consequence—consequent—consequently结果—因此的—因此274. conservation—conservative保护；保守—保护的；保守的275. considerably相当大地，相当多地276. consist—consistently包含—前后一致地277. consolidation巩固；加强278. conspicuous 明显的279. constitute—constitutional组成—合乎宪法的280. construct = build建造281. consultant—consultation 咨询专家282. contemplative深思熟虑的；沉思的283. contemporary当代的；同时代的284. contempt—contemptible轻视；蔑视—可鄙的285. contend—contention 主张；争辩286. context上下文；环境（抽象）287. continually—continuous 断断续续的—连续不断的288. contract合同；收缩289. contradict—contradiction—contradictory矛盾，对立，反驳290. contrarily 相反291. contribute—contributing导致，造成292. controversial 有争议的293. convention—conventional常规—常规的294. convey= express表达295. convince—convincing使确信—有说服力的296. cooperation—co-operative 合作—具有合作精神的297. coord1. inedible 不可食用的2. ineffectual =without effect 没有效果的3. inevitable—inevitably不可避免的（地）4. infer—inference 推论5. infirm 虚弱的；欠缺的6. inflationary—inflate 膨胀的7. influential 有影响力的8. informality 非正式9. ingenuity 心灵手巧的10. ingredient （食品）成分11. inherently 内在地，固有地12. inhuman 无人性的，残忍的13. initial—initiate—initiative 起初的—start—主动性，积极性14. inject into/ with注射；注入；引起15. innate 先天的，天赋的16. innovation 革新，创新17. inquire—inquiry 询问；调查18. insatiable 永不满足的，贪心的19. insecurity 不安全（感）20. insensitive 不敏感的21. insight (into) 洞察力22. inspire 鼓励23. instantaneously 立刻；即刻24. institutional 机构的25. instrument—instrumental器具；工具26. insurance 保险27. integrate—integration 融合；一体化28. intellect—intellectual智力，理解力—理智的；思维的；知识分子29. intelligence 情报，情报学30. intense—intensely—intensify 强烈的—强度—加强31. interaction—interactive—interactivity 相互作用32. interfere 干扰；介入33. interior 内部的34. internal 内部的35. interpret 解释36. intervention 干预37. intimate 模仿38. invalid 无效的39. invasion 侵略40. investor 投资者41. invite 邀请；招致42. involve 涉及到43. ironically—irony具有讽刺意味地—讽刺44. irrational 不理性的45. irrelevant 不相关的46. irrigation 灌溉47. irritate 惹人讨厌；引起不适48. isolate 孤立；隔离49. issue 问题；发行；颁布；期刊50. it occurred to me that 我突然想起51. jam 果酱；交通阻塞52. joint 关节；结合处53. jokingly 开玩笑地54. journalism—journals新闻行业—杂志，期刊55. judge 法官；判断56. jury 陪审团57. justifiable—justify可以证明是合情理的—证明是合情理的58. keep abreast of与…一致；跟上59. kill 取代60. knot 结61. knowingly意地；心照不宣地62. knowledgeable 知识渊博的63. label 标签；给…贴标签；归类64. lag 落后65. landmark 地标66. largely 主要地67. lateral 边的68. latitude 纬度69. laughing stock柄70. launch =start 发动71. lawsuit 诉讼72. lay down 制订73. lay the roots for 归因于74. layer 层75. leap 跳跃；大发展进步76. legislation—legislative 立法；法律77. legitimate 合法的78. lengthen—lengthy 加长—冗长的79. let alone 更别提了80. liability—liable 责任，义务—可能，倾向81. liberal 自由的82. license 执照；可以随意做某事83. life expectancy 期望寿命84. lifelike 栩栩如生的85. lifelong 终生的86. lifestyle 生活方式87. likeness—likewise相似—相同地88. limitation 限制89. line 行；说的话90. literally 不夸张地；按字面意思地91. livelihood 活泼，栩栩如生92. lobby 游说93. lodge 寄宿94. logic 逻辑95. long before 很久以前96. longtime 长时间97. look back 回顾98. looming 非同小可的99. loser 失败者100. lottery 彩票101. lump…together 合并；放在一起102. lure 诱惑，勾引，引诱103. luxury 奢侈104. machinery 机器105. magnitude 大小；巨大106. maintain—maintenance 保持；维修，保养；声称，坚持107. make out 辨认出108. make sense 有意义109. make up 化装；组成；弥补；编造110. manifest—manifesto表明，显示—声明111. manipulate 操作；操纵112. markedly 显著的113. massacre 大屠杀114. massive 巨大的；多的115. mastery 掌握116. match 匹配；搭配117. mate 配偶118. material—materialism—materialistic材料；物质—物质主义—物质主义的119. mathematical—mathematician数学的-—数学家120. matter 有关系；重要121. maturity 成熟122. meaningless 无意义的123. measurable—measure可测量的—测量；措施124. mechanical—mechanics—mechanistic—mechanism 机械的—机械学；过程—机械的；呆板的125. media 媒体126. mediation 调停；调解127. medical—medication 医学的—医学128. mediocrity 二流的；平庸的129. mend 修理130. mental 心理的；精神的131. mere—merely = only 仅仅132. merge into—merger =mix into—合并133. merits 美德；好处134. message 信息135. methodology 方法论136. metropolitan 大都市137. microprocessor 微处理器138. might =power力量139. migrate—migration 迁移140. mild—mildly 温和的—温和地141. milestone 里程碑142. militantly 好斗的143. miniaturization 微型化144. misdeed 做错145. misery 悲惨，不幸146. misfortune 不幸147. misguide 误导148. misinformation 错误信息149. misleading 误导的150. mistakenly 弄错了地151. mistrust 不相信152. misuse 误用153. mobility 移动154. mode 模式155. modesty 谦虚；适度156. modify 修改157. mold 形成158. molecular 分子的159. momentarily片刻地160. monitor 监控161. monopoly—monopolize 独裁；专制162. monster 怪物163. moral—morally道德的—道德地164. mortality 死亡165. mostly 主要地166. motion—motive—move 动作—动机—举动167. multiple 多重的168. multitude 大批的169. mutually 互相地170. mysterious 神秘的171. myth—mythical神话（很多人相信但却是错误的说法）—神话般的172. narrative 记叙文173. narrowly 勉强地174. nasty 恶心的175. nature 本质176. necessity 必要性177. neglect—negligence—negligible 忽略；小到可以忽略不计的178. negotiate 谈判179. net growth—netted净增长—净赚的180. news story—newsroom 新闻报道—新闻编辑室181. nightmare 噩梦；恐怖的经历182. noble 高贵的；高尚的183. nonconformist 不循规蹈矩的184. nonetheless = nevertheless然而185. notably—note—notification 显著地—注意—通知186. notion =idea观念187. notorious 臭名昭著的188. nuclear 核心的189. numerically在数量上190. objectivity客观性191. obscure =not clear晦涩的；模糊的；不清楚的192. observation—observe观察；遵守193. occupation职业194. offend—offensive冒犯；进攻195. offspring子孙后代196. on average平均而言197. on the behalf of代表198. on the ground that由于199. on the roots of以…为根源200. on the ropes千钧一发201. open up—openly开放—公开地202. operational—operative 操作性的；运作的203. opponent对手；反对者204. optimism—optimistic乐观主义—乐观主义的205. option—optional选择—选择性的206. orbital轨道的；势力范围的207. orderly有序的208. organic—organism有机的—有机体209. oriented以…为导向的210. originate from起源于211. outlet发泄212. outlive获得比…长213. outlook观点；前景214. outraged激怒的215. overall总体的216. overcharge 收费过高217. overfunding 过度投资218. overlook 忽略219. overwhelmingly 压倒性的220. package 包裹，打包221. painful—painless—painstaking 痛苦的—无痛的—费尽心力的222. panel 仪表盘；一组人223. panicked 恐慌的224. parallel 平行；比得上225. paralysis—paralyze 瘫痪226. paraphrase 释义227. parental 父母的228. participation—participatory 参与—参与性的229. particle 微粒230. passage 通道231. passionate 激情的232. pastime 消遣233. pathway 道路234. pattern 式样235. pave the way for 为…铺平道路236. penalty =punishment 惩罚237. percentage 百分比238. perceive—perception 认知；理解239. perform 执行240. periodical 周期性的241. perish 灭亡242. permanent 永久的243. permissible—permissive 允许的244. perpetual 永恒的245. perplex—perplexing 困惑—困惑的246. persistent 坚持不懈的247. personality 人格；个性248. personnel 员工249. perspective 角度250. pervasive 无处不在的251. pessimism—pessimistic 悲观主义—悲观主义的252. philosophy 哲学253. phrase 短语254. physician 内科医生255. piece together 拼装；组装256. plague 瘟疫257. plain 清楚的；平坦的；相貌平常的258. plant 工厂259. plate 板块260. plausible 似乎有道理的261. plead 恳求，请求262. plough 耕田263. plug 插头264. plunge 使陷入265. poetry 诗歌266. pointless 无意义的267. poisonous 有毒的268. polish 打光；磨光269. ponder 深思；考虑270. pose 摆姿势；引起271. positive—positively 积极的；肯定的272. possessions 财产；所有物273. postwar 战后的274. potential 潜在的；潜力275. pour out 倾倒出去276. poverty 贫穷277. practical—practitioner 实用的；执行者278. preach 宣扬279. precede 在…之前280. precise—precision 精确的—精确性281. predator 食肉动物；（喻）剥削者282. predictably—prediction 可预见的—预测283. predominantly—predominance 占优势地—优势284. preface 前言285. preferable 较喜爱的；偏爱的286. prejudice 偏见287. preliminary 预备性的288. preparedness 有所准备289. prescribe 开处方290. preserve 保存291. preside over 主持292. press for 迫切需要293. presumptively—presumptuous294. probably 可能的—放肆的；自作主张的295. prevail 盛行；流行296. primacy—primary—primitive 首位—主要的—原始的297. principle 原则298. prior to 在…之前299. privacy 隐私300. privilege 特权301. procedure 议程302. proceed =go on 进行303. proclaim 声明304. production—productive—productivity 生产—多产的—生产率305. professional 职业的；专业人士306. proficiency—proficient 精通；熟练307. profitability—profitable 有利可图—有利可图的308. profound 深刻的；深奥的；渊博的309. program 程序；节目；课程；计划310. progress 进步；进展311. prolong 延长312. prominent 主导的；显著的313. promise—promising 希望—有希望的314. promote 向好的方面促进315. prompt 敦促；迅速的316. propel 推进317. property 财产；属性318. proportion 比例319. propose—proposition 提议—主张320. prospect 前景321. prosperity—prosperous 繁荣—繁荣的322. provision 提供323. prudent 审慎的；有先见之明的324. psychology 心理学325. publicity—publicized 公诸于众—被公开的326. pursue—pursuit 追求327. push aside放到一边—不理会328. put forward 提出329. put out 熄灭330. puzzlement—puzzles 迷惑—难题331. quadruple 四倍332. quarter 区域；四分之一333. quest for 追求；寻求334. question—questionnaire质问；质疑—问卷335. quick-witted 急中生智的336. radiation 辐射337. radical—radically 激进的338. random 随机的339. ratio 比率340. rational 理性的341. ready-made 成品的342. real estate 不动产343. reasonably—reasoned 合情合理地—推理344. rebelling 叛逆的345. rebound 反弹346. recipient 收到的人347. reckon 认为348. recognition 承认；认出349. recommendation 推荐350. recovery 恢复351. recruit 招募352. recur 复现；再现353. recycling 回收354. reduction 减少355. redundancy 过剩356. re-engineer 重新策划357. refereeing 裁判358. refinement 完善359. reflect 反映360. reform—reformatory 改革—改革的361. refresh 提神362. register 登记；注册363. regrettable 令人遗憾的364. regularity—regulate—regulation有规律—调节—规则365. reinforce 加强366. reject—rejection 否决367. release 释放368. relevant 有关联的369. reliability—rely on 可靠性—依靠370. relief—relieve …of 减轻；缓解371. reluctant—reluctantly 勉强地372. remains 剩余物373. remarkable 显著的374. remedy 纠正；补救375. reminder 提醒物376. remold 再塑377. re-order 重新排序378. repel 排斥379. replace... with—replacement 代替—替换380. reportorial 报道性的381. represent 代表382. reputation 名声383. request 请求384. resent—resentment 怨恨385. reserve—reservoir预订；保护—水库386. reshape 再塑，重新塑造387. resignation 辞职388. resistance –resistant 有抵抗力的389. resolve 解决；下决心390. resort to =turn to 求助于391. resources 资源392. respectively 分别地；各自地393. responsible for 是…的原因394. rest upon 依靠395. restore 恢复原样396. restrain—restraint 抑制；克制397. restrict—restriction 限制398. restructure 重组399. resume 重新开始400. retailer 零售商401. retreat 撤退402. return 回报403. reveal 显露；揭示404. revenue 国家财政总收入405. reverse 倒退，逆转406. revival—revive 复兴；复活407. revolutionary 革命性的408. revolve around 围绕…而进行409. reward—rewarding 回报—值得做的410. richness 丰富；大量411. rid of 除掉412. righteous 正直的；公正的413. rigid 严厉的414. rigorous 严格的415. rise 崛起；兴起416. rival 对手；对抗417. robotics 机器人学418. rocket 迅速增加，迅速增长419. role 作用；地位420. routinely 程式化的421. rule out 排除422. sacrifice 牺牲423. saturate 饱和424. scale 尺寸；规模；大小；刻度425. scanty 不足的426. scared—scary 受惊吓的—吓人的427. scatter 散开428. schedule 时间表429. scholar 学者430. scientifically 科学的431. scope （改进等）余地432. scorn 蔑视433. seat 就座434. section—sector 部分—部门435. security 安全436. seeker 找寻者437. seethe 拥挤；情绪激动438. segment 部分439. selectively 选择性的440. self-contradictory自相矛盾的441. semiconductors 半导体442. senior 高级的443. sensation—sensational 轰动效应—轰动一时的444. sensitive 敏感的445. separate 分离的446. shadow 阴影447. shame—shameful 羞愧的448. shape 形成449. shelter 避难所；庇护，保护450. shield 保护451. shift to 转变成为452. shortly 不久453. shoulder 肩负454. shrinking 萎缩455. side with 支持456. significance—significant重大意义457. silicon 硅458. simplicity—simplify 简洁程度—简化459. simulate 模拟460. simultaneously 同时地461. sin 原罪（宗教）462. skepticism—skeptical 怀疑主义463. sketch 草图464. skyrocket 迅速上升465. slacking 偷懒的466. slip 滑467. slowdown 减缓468. small wonder =no wonder 难怪469. sociology 社会学470. softening 软化471. solar 太阳的472. solely =only 仅仅473. solid 坚固的474. somewhat =rather 相当；有点475. sound. 健全的476. source 来源477. sovereignty 主权478. spacious 宽敞的479. span 跨度480. spare 匀出的481. specialization—specialize—specialty专门化—专业482. species 物种483. specific 具体的484. spectacles 大场面485. speculate—speculative 推测；盘算—思考的486. speed up 加速487. spell 一段时期；意味着，意思是488. spill 打翻489. spiritual—spiritually 精神的490. splash 飞溅491. splitting =divide 分开；分裂492. sponsor 赞助（商）493. spontaneity 自发；油然而生；即兴494. spread 传播495. stability—stable 稳定性—稳定的496. stakeholder 股票持有者497. standstill 静止498. startle 令人大吃一惊499. statesman 政客500. stationary 静止的501. statistics 统计学502. status 社会地位503. steady 稳定的504. stem from =result from 起源于505. step out 走出506. stick to 坚持507. stimulate—stimulus 刺激508. stirrings 搅动；扰乱509. storage 储量510. strategic—strategy 策略511. stream 溪流512. strength—strengthen 力量；优势—加强513. stress 压力；强调514. striking—strikingly 显著的；强烈的515. strive to 努力奋斗516. stroll 散步，闲逛517. stumble 跌；绊；暴跌（价格）518. subject to 容易受到519. subscribe—subscriber 订阅—订阅者520. subsidy 补贴，津贴521. substantial 实质性的；大的；丰盛的522. substitute for 代替523. subtle 精巧的；微妙的524. suburban 郊区的525. sue 起诉526. sufficient =more than enough 充足的527. suicidal—suicide 自杀的—自杀528. summon 召唤529. superb =excellent; splendid 最佳的530. superficial 肤浅的531. superstition 迷信532. supervise—supervision 指导533. supportive 支持性的534. supposedly 假设；假定535. suppress 镇压536. surge 急剧上升537. surgery—surgical 外科—外科的538. surname 姓539. surpass 超过540. surplus 剩余541. survey 调查542. susceptible to—suspect—suspicion—suspiciously怀疑—怀疑地543. suspend—suspension 悬而未决544. sustain—sustainable 支撑；维持545. sweeping 有广泛影响的；深远的546. swiftly 轻快地547. swing 摇摆548. switch to =turn to 转向549. symbol 符号；象征550. sympathy—sympathetic 同情；同意551. symposium 专题研讨会552. symptom 症状；问题的表现形式553. synthetic 人工的；合成的554. systematic 系统性的555. tackle = deal with 处理556. tag 标签557. take away 带走558. take in 吸收；理解559. take pride in 为…感到骄傲560. take root in 有…的根源561. take…seriously 认真对待562. take for 视…为…563. tale 传说564. talented 有天才的565. tap 利用；开发566. target 目标567. tell…from…把…和…区分开来568. temper—temperament 脾气569. templates 样板；模板570. temporary 暂时的571. tempt 引诱572. tendency 倾向573. tension 压力574. tentative 尝试性的575. terminal—terminally 终端—终点地576. textiles 纺织品577. the go ahead 许可578. the host of 数量579. thereby =therefore 因此；从而580. thermostat 恒温器581. think highly of 高度评价582. think-tank 智囊583. third-party 第三方584. thrift 节俭585. thrill 激动人心；震撼586. ties 关系587. tighten 加紧588. time consuming 耗时的589. toast 吐司；祝酒590. token 奖券591. tolerance—tolerant 忍耐的；包容的592. toll 过路费593. toss 扔；抛594. trace to 追溯到595. trail 踪迹；痕迹596. transaction 交易597. transfer 转交；转乘；调动工作598. transform 改变；变形599. transient 短暂的600. transistor 晶体管601. translate into转变成602. transmit 传播(疾病或信号) 603. transportation 交通运输604. treasury 财政部605. trial 试验；审判606. tribal 部落的607. trigger =lead to 导致608. triple 三倍609. triumph 胜利610. triviality 微不足道611. trustworthy 值得信任的612. truthfulness 真实性613. tunnel 隧道；目光狭窄的614. turbulent 动荡的，动乱的615. turning point 转折点616. ugliness 丑陋617. ultimate—ultimately 最终的618. unacceptable 不可接受的619. unaffordable 付不起钱的620. unanimously 统一无异议的621. unaware 不知道622. unbelieving 不相信的623. uncertain 不确信的624. unchallenged 未受挑战的625. unconcerned 不关心的626. unconscious 无意识的627. uncontrollable 无法控制的628. under control 受到控制629. under way 正在进行630. underestimate 低估631. underfunding 资金不足632. undergo =experience 经历633. underlie—underlying 作为…的基础634. underline 强调635. underrated 被评价过低的636. understandable 可以理解的637. understatement 含蓄的说法638. undertake 从事；承担639. undertreatment未受到应有的对待640. undervalue 评价过低641. undistracted 精神集中的；未被干扰的642. unequally 不公平地643. unfairness 不公正644. unforced 自愿的645. unhampered 顺利的646. uniformity 一致性，统一647. unimaginable 不可想象的648. unimpressive 给人印象不深的649. uninformed 信息不足的650. unintentional 无意的651. uninvited 不请自来的652. universal—universalize 普遍的—普遍化653. unmistakable 不可能弄错的654. unnatural 不自然的655. unparalleled 无可比拟的656. unprecedented 前所未有的657. unpredictability—unpredictable 不可预测性—不可预测的658. unquestioned 未受质疑的659. unreasonable 不合情理的660. unreliable 不可靠的661. unsurpassed 未被超越的662. unsustainable 不可持续的663. updated 更新的664. upright 垂直的；正直的665. upscale 增大规模666. upsetting 混乱的；不安的667. upside 向上的668. urbanization 都市化669. utilize 利用670. Utopia 乌托邦671. vaccination—vaccine 接种疫苗—疫苗672. vacuum up 腾空；清空673. vain 徒劳的674. valid—validity 有效的—有效性675. vanish 消失676. variation—variety 变化677. vastly 大规模地678. venture 冒险；投资679. verbally 用言语地680. verdict 裁决681. verify 证实682. version 版本683. via =through 经过684. vicious 邪恶的685. victim 牺牲品；牺牲者686. vigorously 精力充沛地687. virtual—virtually 虚拟的—实际上；几乎688. visible—visualize 可见的689. vitality 重要性690. vivid 生动的691. vocation——vocational 职业—职业的692. voice 表明观点693. volunteer 志愿者694. vote 投票695. vulgar 粗俗的696. vulnerable 脆弱的；易受伤害的697. weaken 削弱698. weigh 有份量；权衡699. weird 怪异的700. welfare 福利701. well-meaning 好意的702. well-worded 有文采的703. when it comes to 当涉及到704. whereas =while 尽管705. whereby =by which706. wholly 总地707. winding 蜿蜒的708. winner 胜利者709. wipe out 消除710. wisdom 智慧711. with respect to 关于712. with the hope 希望能…713. withdraw 撤退714. witness 亲眼目睹；目击证人715. word 用词语表达716. work out 制定出717. workforce 劳动力718. worldview 放眼世界的观点719. worthwhile 值得做的720. yield to =give in 屈服；让步。
雅思作文词汇
雅思作文词汇英文回答：Enhancing one's vocabulary is crucial for effective communication and expression in any language, including English. A comprehensive vocabulary allows individuals to convey their thoughts, ideas, and opinions with greater precisión and clarity.There are numerous strategies that can be employed to expand one's vocabulary. One effective approach is to immerse oneself in the language through reading, watching movies, and engaging in conversations with native speakers. By encountering new words in context, learners can deduce their meanings and begin to incorporate them into their own language use.Another valuable strategy is to utilize reference materials such as dictionaries, thesauruses, and online databases. These resources provide detailed definitions andusage examples, helping learners to understand the nuancesof words and their appropriate applications. Regularly reviewing and practicing new vocabulary is also essentialfor retention and long-term proficiency.In addition to formal methods, informal techniques can also be beneficial. Engaging in word games, such as crosswords or Scrabble, can stimulate vocabulary growth and reinforce new words. Similarly, playing memory or matching games with words can enhance recognition and retention.By dedicating time and effort to vocabulary development, individuals can significantly improve their communication skills, enhance their academic and professional performance, and navigate the world with greater ease and confidence.中文回答：提高词汇量对于用任何语言（包括英语）进行有效沟通和表达都是至关重要的。
(完整版)雅思写作词汇总结
注意几方面的问题：内容：审题要切题，注意限定范围，不要跑题思路清晰，不要太烂俗，有深度，具体化，保证每一个句子存在都是有意义的有价值的论证有条理，有理有据，是一条清晰的连锁，前后每句话间都有逻辑链接，一步步推导，思想有深度，论证不要假大空，细化到具体语言：注意语法准确，多变，灵活词汇准确，丰富应试：字数达到要求几点要求：1.开头的独创性，不要太烂俗，要一眼脱颖而出，给考官留下良好的第一印象2.设计和简化句式，主题句要有精心设计感，去掉废话和无用信息，简洁有力，字数少于15个单词，体现高冷和返璞归真感。
3.Thoughtful ideas思维深度的体现，思路拓展4.Idiomatic expressions习语表达，语言，要用中文不会这么说，但英文会这么说的表达，善用句中插入语，积极、消极描述，以及原因描述，注意各种主体5.Coherence and cohesion衔接的丰富性，要有逻辑的信息推进，体现条理性，看推导能力，从线索推结论，信息延展能力，因为。
所以。
（信息延展）逻辑性=层次感善用对比论证和举例论证无痕衔接Task 1：雅思写作词汇：Reluctant adj.不情愿的，勉强的，顽抗的Insights n.洞察力，洞悉，直觉，眼光，领悟Deploy vt./vi.使展开，施展，有效地利用CounterpartInvestigation n.（正式的）调查，研究，侦查，科学研究，学术研究Utopia 乌托邦n.Realistic solution青少年犯罪：youth crime;juvenile delinquency时代背景：…..has undergone great changes with the advent出现 of….….has advanced by leaps and bounds.日新月异的，飞速的，迅猛的The connection between nations has been much tighter and more frequent than that in the past.日益重要：People always attach special importance to ….….place extra emphasis on….Sth has taken on an added importance for…Sth has assumed an added importance for…日益严重：…has become a big issue that each country and individual should treat seriously.As….problem arises and becomes increasingly….不可或缺:….has been on indispensable part of people’s life.The life without…is beyond imagination for almost every member of society.关于如何解决问题的雅思大作文写作类型介绍，包括了问题产生的原因和解决方法两个方面内容的介绍。
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写作常用词汇:形容词和副词来源：互联网编辑：雅思速递员发布日期:2010-11-23 absurd 荒唐的addictive 上瘾的affectionate 有感情的aggressive 有上进心的alert 敏锐的;警惕的arduous 费劲的artistic 艺术的authoritative 权威性的awkward 尴尬的balanced 平衡的cogent 使人信服的cold-blooded 冷血的cold-hearted 无情的compassionate 富有同情心的compatible 兼容的complicated 复杂的confident 自信的contemptible 可鄙的contributive 有贡献的corrupt 腐败的delicious 美味可口的demanding 要求高的describle 值得要的detrimental 有害的devious 偏离正道的dishonorable 不光彩的disturbed 受到干扰的eccentric 古怪的economical 经济的enlightened 开明的;文明的evil 邪恶的exotic 异国的fallacious 荒谬的fashionable 时髦的feaible 可行的fictitious 虚假的flexile 灵活多样的fruitful 有成效的glamorous 富有魅力的gorgeous 辉煌的humane 人道的ignorant(of) 无视的;无知的impressive 令人印象深刻的inborn 天生的incompatible 不调和的incompatible 不和适宜的inconceivable 不可思议的indecent 不妥的;不检点的indifferent 冷漠的indispensable 不可或缺的inexhaustible 取之不尽的infectious 传染性的inferior 低人一等的infirm (身体)弱的influential 有影响力的ingrain 根深蒂固的inhumane 不人道的initially 首先innocent 多管闲事的inquistitive 有害无益insalubrious 有教育意义的instructive 智力的intellectual 中间的;过渡的interim 人际关系的interpersonal 密切的intimate 不可侵犯的inviolable 内在的inward 不可挽回的irreparable 不可抵抗的irresistible 不可挽回的irritating 恼人的isolated(from) 隔绝的laudable 可赞誉的lavishly 大方的legitimate 合法的loyal 忠诚的luxurious 奢侈的magnanimous 宽宏大量的mature 成熟的misleading 误导的misrepresented 不如实叙述的money-oriented 向钱看的multilateral 对方面的nourishih 有营养的obscure 晦涩的old-fashioned/out of date 过时的palatable 美味的perilous 危险的permissive 宽容的;许可的pernicious 有害无益的pornographic 色情的potential 潜在的practial 实际的;务实的preferential 优惠的pressing 紧迫的prevailing 占主导地位的;流行的professional 专业的prosperous 繁荣昌盛的prudent 明智的psychological 心理上rational 理性的resentful 愤怒的reverse 相反的rewarding 值得的ridiculous 荒谬的rigid 严格的rough 粗略的self-contemptuous 自卑的shabby 破旧不堪的shelrered 受保护的sociable 好交际的sole 唯一的stern/strict 严格的stressful 有压力的stringent 严厉的stylish 时髦的superficial 表面现象的tempting 吸引人的写作常用词汇:形容词和副词来源：互联网编辑：雅思速递员发布日期:2010-11-23 time-honored 久享盛名的traditional 传统的typical 典型的unadvised 轻率的uncompromising 不妥协的unconcerned 冷漠的uneasy 不自在的unethical 不道德的unfeeling 冷漠的unhealthy 不健康的unified 同一标准的unique 独特的unjust 不公平的unsrupulous 肆无忌惮的unsociable 不善于社交的untimely 不和适宜的unwholesome 不健康的utterly 完全;绝对地vexing 令人烦恼的vivid 形象的voluntary 自愿的vulnerable 易受伤害的well-grounded 有充足理由的wholesome 健康的雅思写作中连接词的使用来源：互联网编辑：雅思速递员发布日期:2010-11-29雅思备考指南：探讨雅思写作中连接词的使用。
在雅思写作的四大评分标准当中，连贯性与衔接性是其中的一项评分标准，连贯性与衔接性其中一方面就是用连接手段(即连接词)来实现的。
连接词本身是非常繁琐的知识，在教授连接词时也会遇到很多困难，那么学连接词首先把连接词词性掌握并掌握各词性的用法，学连接词就简便得多。
连接词大体可分为四种词性：连词，副词，介词和短语，它们各自的用法又不一样。
连词如but, and,后接句子，连接并列句时前面逗号可有可无。
当然连词也可放句首，这一点在考官范文里有很多体现。
例：In the past, populations were partly regulated by frequent war and widespread disease, but in recent years the effects of those factors have been diminished. (并列句中的连词) 段落开始：But how should it be achieved ( 连词放句首)介词如before, despite：后接名词或动名词例：Before talking about the essential role of death penalty, you have to think about the meaning, and the purpose, of any kind of punishment.副词副词连接并列句，前面用句号或分号，后面用逗号(当然，如果副词前用句号，那就是另起一句了，不称之为并列句)例：In many places today, children start primary school at around the age of six or seven. However, because it is more likely now that both parents work, there is little opportunities for children to stay in their own home up to that age.( 副词另起一句)The crime rate is increasingly high; therefore, the government needs to enforce more laws to curb this situation. ( 副词在并列句中)如on the contrary, in addition：用法和副词用法完全一样例：They feel this is one area of life where they have the right to make decisions for themselves. For that reason, it would seem that the best approach would be work by persuasion rather than compulsion.The government plays a crucial role in scientific research; on the other hand, privatecompanies hold certain advantages in conducting scientific research. ( 短语在并列句中) 掌握连接词的四大词性及用法以后，连接词的教学和运用就容易展开。
我们可以参看考官范文，看看各类关系的时候考官如何使用连接词，使文章凸显出来。
因果关系根据词性及用法可归结于:because of/ due to / owing to/ as a result of (介词)for that reason/as a result/ therefore/ accordingly (短语和副词)例：I think the amount of waste produced is also as a result of our tendency to use sth once and throw it away. (可代替词汇because of/ due to / owing to)转折关系根据词性及用法可归结于but/ while/ yet/ whereas(连词)however/ nonetheless/ nevertheless/ on the other hand (副词和短语)rather/ instead (副词)rather than/ instead of (介词)例：Because it is more likely now that both parents work, there is little opportunity for children to stay in their own home to 6 or 7. Instead, they will probably go to a nursery school when they are much younger. (可代替词汇rather)My own view is that there is no one major influence in a person’s life. Instead, the traits we inherit from our parents and the situations and experiences that we encounter in life are constantly interacting. (考官钟爱词汇)递进关系moreover/ what’s more/ furthermore/ besides/ in addition (副词)in addition to/ besides/ apart from (介词)例: Apart from these tensions caused by cultural differences, international tourism may also lead to conflicts between tourists and a local community. (可代替词汇：in addition to, besides雅思写作中连接词的使用来源：互联网编辑：雅思速递员发布日期:2010-11-29让步关系although/ though/ even though/ even if/while (连词)in spite of/ despite (介词)no matter how/when/ what (连词)例：In spite of this, the obvious benefits of computer skills for young children cannot be denied.They are allowed to buy whatever they want, no matter how much it cost (考官高分句式) 学生学习和教师授课时，可根据以上方法对不同的关系词(如表结果，目的的连接词)进行归类。