《新编英语语法教程》主要章节语法术语
新编英语语法教程第10讲
5)
Old Tom knows Russian, but he can’t speak it well.
6) I hope she likes these roses. 7) Halleck resembles his father very
much in disposition and appearance.
It feels soft. I am feeling cold.
静态动词说明主语的特征或状态, 无具体动作,因而也就不能有进行 体. 一.包括主动词的be 二.表示 “有”的have 三.以及类似的意义动词 四.表示感觉的动词 五.表示心理或情感的动词
I believe we have met before. I am believing we have met before.
11) In grammar, English differs greatly from
Spanish.
12) This bus can hold 40 people. 13) This rule applies to all the tourists. 14) They were talking about pollution of
--- You must finish the homework today. --- No, I needn’t. The teacher said that I could hand it in the day after tomorrow. I don’t need to hand it in today. I needn’t hand it in today.
Here comes the bus. The bus is coming.
章振邦《新编英语语法教程》教学大纲
1、课程编码：GXB/ GXB2、课程名称：英语语法3、英文名称：English Grammar4、推荐教材和教学参考书：5、教材：《新编英语语法教程》(学生用书)，章振邦主编，2003年12月第4版，上海外语教育出版社出版。
5、教学参考书：⑴《新编英语语法教程》(教师用书)，章振邦主编，2004年1月第4版，上海外语教育出版社出版。
⑵《牛津实用英语语法》，A. J. 汤普森, A. V. 马蒂内特著，陈则源、夏定雄译，1986年3月第一版，牛津大学出版社，外语教学与研究出版社出版。
⑶《实用英语语法》，张道真主编，商务印书馆出版。
⑷《高级英语语法》（上下册），薄冰主编，高等教育出版社出版。
⑸《大学英语语法》（第三版），徐广联主编，2005年10月第三版，华东理工大学出版社出版。
⑹《英语语法大全》，（英）伦道夫.夸克等著，苏州大学《英语语法大全》翻译组译，1989年9月第一版，华东师范大学出版社出版。
6、课程类型：专业基础课7、总学时：72 学时8、学分：49、适用专业：各种英语专业10、先修课程：综合英语，英语阅读二、课程性质与设置目的：《英语语法》是英语专业技能必修课，其目的是培养学生掌握系统的英语语法知识，养成良好的语言运用习惯，保证他们使用英语语言时的正确性和准确性。
作为英语专业的主要必修课程之一，《英语语法》应该和其他专业各门课程一起，力争保证学生能够通过英语专业全国统考TEM4和TEM8。
三、课程教学基本目标：英语语法课旨在通过该课程的学习，帮助学生重点掌握英语语法的核心项目，提高学生在上下文中恰当运用英语语法的能力和运用英语的准确性，使学生对英语语法有一个比较系统的了解并能借助英语语法知识解决英语学习过程中的有关问题。
学生有计划地阅读英语语法教材，探讨英语语言的结构，通过各种练习，牢固地掌握英语语法，提高运用英语的能力。
四、考核方式：1、本课程为考查课，采用闭卷开卷结合的考试方式，要求学生在一定的时间内完成教师所设计的考题。
新编英语语法教程
附特殊用法: A 表达某种情绪 I happen to drop in on her once and you make such an
issue of it. B 死者言论著作,仍有影响 Darwin believes that natural selection is the chief factor
4 现在进行体的其他用法 A 表示刚过去的动作 You don’t believe it I’m telling the truth. B 婉转的语气 I’m hoping you’ll give us some advice.
11.4 过去进行体的用法 1 表示过去某时正在进行的动作 What were you doing yesterday at seven p.m The students were still laughing when the teacher stepped
B 既定事实 Tomorrow is Sunday.
5 表示过去时间
能用一般现在表示过去的动词有 tell, say, hear, learn, gather 等.
一般用于转述别人不久前对自己说的话,尤其时所说的情 况现在依然存在，
Eg: Alice tells me you’re entering college next year. I hear poor old Mrs Yang has lost her son.
8.滚石不生苔. A: A rolling stone gathers no moss. 9.熟能生巧. A: Practice makes perfect. 10. 谁笑在最后,谁笑得最好.
One who laughs last laughs best.
新编英语语法教程简明
新编英语语法教程简明Learning English grammar can be daunting, but with the right guide, it becomes a breeze. The new edition of our English grammar tutorial is designed to simplify the complexities of the language.This concise guide breaks down grammar rules into easy-to-understand sections, ensuring that even beginners can grasp the essentials. It covers the basics of sentence structure, verb tenses, and noun usage, providing clear examples for each concept.The tutorial also includes practical exercises that reinforce learning through application. Each chapter ends with a set of questions that test the reader's understanding and encourage them to practice what they've learned.One of the key features of this tutorial is its user-friendly approach. It avoids jargon and technical language, making it accessible to a wide range of learners, from young students to adult learners returning to education.Furthermore, the guide is well-organized, allowing learners to progress at their own pace. It starts with the fundamentals and gradually introduces more advanced topics, building confidence as learners advance.The new edition also incorporates feedback from previoususers, refining explanations and adding new examples to clarify tricky points. It's a testament to the tutorial's commitment to continuous improvement.Finally, the tutorial is not just a static resource; it comes with online support, where learners can ask questions and receive guidance from experienced educators. This interactive element makes the learning process more engaging and personalized.In essence, the new English grammar tutorial is a comprehensive, accessible, and interactive tool that makes mastering English grammar a more enjoyable and achievable goal.。
新编英语教程（大一第一学期）unit3语法点
新编英语教程（大一第一学期）unit3语法点Whatever Happened to Manners?Linda Dano1.Do you remember a time when people were a little nicer, a little softer, a little gentlerwith each other? I certainly do, and I feel that much of the world has somehow gotten away from that. I see such a difference in New York City, for example, from when I first moved here more than 20 years ago: people rushing into elevators without giving those inside a chance to get off first, never saying “Thank you” when others hold a door open for them, or “Please” when t hey want a coworker to hand them something, never giving a wave or nod of appreciation when another motorist lets them pull out into traffic.2.We get lazy, and in our laziness we think that something like a simple “Thank you”doesn’t really matter. But it can matter very much. The fact is that no matter how nicely we dress, how beautifully we decorate our homes, or how lovely our dinner parties are, we can’t be tru ly stylish without good manners.3.In fact, I think of good manners as a sort of hidden beauty secret. Haven’t you noticedthat the kindest, most generous people seem to keep getting prettier? They become Cary Grant or Lauren Bacall right before our eyes. It’s funny how that happens, but it does.4.Take the long-lost art of saying “Thank you.” Like wearinga little lipstick or makingsure your hair is neat, getting into the habit of saying “Thank you” can make you feel better about yourself, and thenyou look better to everyone around you. A gracious manner not only sets an excellent example for your children and grandchildren but it adds priceless panache to your image.5.Positive ThankingOf course, saying “Thank you” does wonder s for the person on the receiving end too. I recently got a thank-you note from a guest who attended a 40th birthday party that Frank andI hosted for Frank’s daughter-in-law. The note was lovely enough, but even lovelier was thefact that the guest had also included a recipe for a dish I’d compliment ed her on at an earlier gathering. It was a sweet gesture that made me feel terrific and put me in a great mood. Whata gift!6.Many of us know we should write thank-you notes, but we think we don’t have the timeor energy. Now, I know we all have busy lives, but I bet the note my guest sent me didn’t take long to write. If you feel like a feel because you’ve put off sending a card, write a note that says, “I should have done this two weeks ago, but I didn’t want to let another day go by without telling you how much I enjoyed your party.” It’s much better than not writ ing at all.Magic Words7.Just as powerful as a thank-you note is the simple phrase “Excuse me.” Don’t you justhate it when someone knocks an enormous carry-on bag into your head when he’s barrel ing down the aisle to board an airplane —and then doesn’t bother to say he’s sorry? But when someone does stop and turn around and genuinely apologizes, doesn’t it melt away most —if not all —of theirritation you felt?8.Same for holding the door open for others when you see their hands are full. I’ll even dothis for a hotel bellman carrying my luggage. Just because his job is to carry my bags doesn’t mean he doesn’t appreciate a little gesture that makes his life a wee bit easier. And punctuality is not a thing of the past, either. Being on time for lunch dates, for example,shows the person we’re meeting that we value his or her precious time as much as we do our own.9.Bringing Manners HomeAnd fo r heaven’s sake, we shouldn’t forget to use good manners with our own families.That’s where it count s the most because those are the people we love the most. How lovely it would be to put a card on your spouse’s pillow at night to say “Thank you” for som e dear thing he or she did for you or even just to say “I love you.”10.Similarly, bringing home the most insignificant little presents for people you cherishwill go a long way. It shows they’re in your thoughts and you want to make them happy. If you’re a husband, how long has it been since you walked in the door with a rose for your wife? Or maybe her favorite candy —even if it’s just a Snickers bar.You’d sure get my attention if you brought me a Snickers! I firmly believe spouses should be gracious about the routine things they expect each other to do. Show that you don’t take the other person for granted. He or she is much more likely to treat you the same way.11.Good manners are infectious. Now, if we could just get everyone to catch them!Words and ExpressionsParagraph 1Words and Expressions1. appreciate: vt.1) to recognize with gratitude; be grateful fore.g. We appreciate your helping us.2) to recognize or understand that something is valuable, important or as describede.g. There's no point buying him expensive wines —he doesn't appreciate them.Derivations:appreciation: n.appreciative: adj.Synonyms:enjoy, understandComparison: appreciate, enjoyappreciate:It means “to be thankful or grateful for something,” as well as “to like or value s omething for its good qualities.”e.g. We really appreciate all the help you gave us last weekend.enjoy: It stresses taking pleasure in a situation one is in, esp. to find satisfaction in doing something, and often appears in the structure of “ enjoy oneself”.e.g. Now that I am free, I can enjoy music for a while.既然有空，我可以享受一下音乐。
新编英语语法教程讲ppt演示文稿
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（2）可以计数的集体名词：有单、复数形式和单复数意义；将其视为 一个整体时，用作单数；强调构成集体的成员时，用作复数。 例如： p. 46 中页
b) Number forms of the material 例如： （p. 46中页）
不可计数 sand 沙 water 水 food 食物 coffee 咖啡 rubber 橡胶 stone 石头 egg 蛋渍 lamb 羔羊肉 onion 洋葱味
Ander, China, The People’s Congress, the New York Times, the Democratic Party
a car, a family
two cars, many families
物质名词、抽象名词、和 sand, water, coffee, 专有名词通常是不可计数 failure, knowledge 的名词
表示同一类人或物，以及 抽象概念的名词
boy, house, tiger family, team, cattle, police air, snow, bread, rice
glory, honesty, education
表示人、国家、地方、机 构、组织等的专有名称
可以计数的个体名词和集 体名词，称为可数名词
II. Number forms of nouns
1. Regular and irregular plural a) Regular plural (p.p. 42-44) b) Irregular plural (p.p. 44-45)
2. Number forms of the collective, material, abstract
新编英语语法教程主要章节语法术语
新编英语语法教程主要章节语法术语
1.语言和语法的相关概念：本章主要介绍了语言的定义，语法的作用以及语法的分类和相关的术语。
2.词汇的构成：本章主要介绍了英语词汇的构成方式，包括基本词汇和派生词汇，并介绍了常见的词缀和词根。
3.词性和句法：本章主要介绍了英语中常见的词性，如名词、动词、形容词，以及它们在句子中的不同功能和用法。
4.时态和语态：本章主要介绍了英语中的各种时态和语态，包括一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去进行时、一般将来时、被动语态等。
5.句子成分和句子结构：本章主要介绍了英语句子的基本成分，如主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语等，并介绍了不同类型的句子结构。
6.从句和复合句：本章主要介绍了从句的种类和用法，包括名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句，并介绍了如何构建复合句。
7.语法错误和修正：本章主要介绍了常见的语法错误和如何进行语法修正，以帮助学习者避免语法错误。
8.句子的语法和语义关系：本章主要介绍了句子中不同成分之间的语法和语义关系，包括主谓关系、主宾关系、感官动词和宾语关系等。
在每个章节中，教材会以简洁明了的语言解释各种语法规则，并通过例句和练习来帮助学习者理解和运用这些规则。
此外，教材还会提供一些提示和技巧，以帮助学习者更好地掌握英语语法。
通过学习新编英语语法教程，学习者可以系统地了解和掌握英语语法知识，提高英语写作和口语表达的准确性和流利度。
新编英语语法教程_复习资料全
1.主谓一致主谓一致Subject-Verb Concord即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致，主谓一致包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致。
1.1指导原则(1)语法一致语法一致即谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致eg.A grammar book helps you learn something about the rules of a language. (主语是单数形式，谓语也采取单数形式）语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则.Grammar books help you learn something about the rules of a language. (主语是复数形式，谓语也采取复数形式）语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则.(2)意义一致和就近原则意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致。
补充解释和例句见书P22就近一致就是谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致。
常出现在这类句子中的连词有：or, either…or…，neither… nor …，not only… but also …等.例句见书P23英语中，有时几个名词或代词有某些此连接起来一起作句子的主语，此时，谓语动词的形式就须有与之最接近的名词或代词的人称和数决定。
如：(1) There is a desk and five chairs in his room. 他房间里有一办公桌和五把椅子。
There are five chairs and a desk in his room. 他房间里有五把椅子和一办公桌。
(2) Either you or Li Lei is going to be sent there. 要么是你要么是蕾将被派到那里去。
Are either you or Li Lei going to be sent there? 是你将被派到那里去还是蕾将被派到那里去？1.2-s结尾的名词作主语(1)以-s结尾的疾病名称和游戏名称(2)以-ics结尾的学科名称(3)以-s结尾的地理名称(4)其他以-s结尾的名词1.3以集合名词作主语(1)通常作复数的集体名词见书P27【注】goods(货物), clothes(衣服)只有复数形式，且只表示复数意义：Such clothes are very cheap. 那样的衣服很便宜。
《新编英语语法教程》主要章节语法术语
《新编英语语法教程》主要章节语法术语Introduction: Grammatical Hierarchy (导论—语法层次)2. Parts of speech (word class)3. Phrases词组4. Clause分句5. Sentence句子1. Morpheme词素Free morpheme 自由词素Bound morpheme 粘附词素Allomorph 词素变体Noun phraseVerb phraseAdjective phraseAdverb phrasePreposition phraseConjunctionLecture 1 Sentence Structure（L1）Sentence elements:S (subject) 主语V (predicate verb)谓语动词O (object)宾语C (complement)补足语A (Adverbial)状语1. Two ways of sentence analysis1) SVOSentenceClauseNP VP NPSubject Predicate verb ObjectAll the man have done their best.Sentence = Subject + Predicate (Predicate Verb + Object, Complement, Adverbial, etc.)●句子由主语和谓语构成，进一步把谓语剖析为谓语动词、宾语、补语、状语等。
2) Subject + Predicate (= operator + predication)SentenceClauseSubject PredicateOperator PredicationAll the man have done their best.●句子由主语和谓语构成，进一步把谓语剖析为操作词（operator）和述谓成分（predication）。
新编英语语法教程
新编英语语法教程1. 入门简介英语语法是学习英语的重要基础，它涵盖了句子结构、词法和句法等方面的知识。
本教程旨在为初学者提供全面的英语语法知识，并通过实例和练习帮助学习者巩固所学内容。
2. 句子结构2.1 主语和谓语在英语句子中，主语和谓语是最基本的组成部分。
主语一般指出动作的执行者，谓语则指出主语所做的动作或者所处的状态。
例如：•主语：Tom•谓语：is eating an apple.2.2 宾语宾语指示一个动作的承受者或受益者。
宾语可以是名词、代词、动词的-ing形式等。
例如：•主语：I•谓语：love you.3. 词法3.1 名词名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的词语。
名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词有单数和复数形式，而不可数名词则没有复数形式。
例如：•单数名词：book•复数名词：books3.2 动词动词表示动作或状态。
动词的基本形式是不定式，常见的时态包括一般现在时、一般过去时和将来时。
例如：•一般现在时：I study English.•一般过去时：He played football yesterday.•将来时：She will go to the park tomorrow.4. 句法4.1 从句从句是由一个词或短语引导的句子，它在句子中充当名词、形容词或副词的角色。
常见的从句包括名词从句、形容词从句和副词从句。
例如：•名词从句：What he said is true.•形容词从句：I like the book that you recommended.•副词从句：She is studying hard so that she can pass the exam.4.2 时态时态表示动作或状态的时间。
常见的时态有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时和过去将来时等。
例如：•一般现在时：I study English.•一般过去时：He studied English yesterday.•一般将来时：I will study English tomorrow.•现在进行时：She is studying English now.•过去进行时：They were studying English last night.•过去将来时：He would study English if he had time.5. 练习题1.选择相应的时态填空：–She ___________ (go) to school every day.–We ___________ (play) basketball yesterday.–He ___________ (visit) his grandparents next week.2.判断下列句子是否正确，并尝试改正错误的句子：–She go to school every day.–He will study English if he has time.6. 总结本教程简要介绍了英语语法的基本知识，包括句子结构、词法和句法等方面。
（完整版）新编英语语法教程框架整理（导论+第一讲）.doc
（完整版）新编英语语法教程框架整理（导论+第一讲）.doc导论——语法层次自由词素Free Morpheme词素屈折词缀Inflectional Affix粘附词素Bound Morpheme 前缀Prefix派生词缀Derivational Affix后缀Suffix简单词 Simple Word构成（构词法）派生词 Derivative复合词 Compound Word词封闭词类：所有功能词Function Word （介代连助限定词）类别（语法功能）半闭半开：基数词序数词感叹词开放词类：名词 Noun 形容词 Adjective 副词主动词Verb 名词词组Noun Phrase：（限定词） +（置修饰语 )+名词 +(后置修饰语 ) 简单动词词组Simple Phrase主动词为中心词语法动词词组Verb Phrase 复杂动词词组Complex phrase词组限定动词词组Finite Verb Phrase按照动词形式非限定词词组Non-finite Verb Phrase 形容词词组Adjective Phrase ：（修饰语） +形容词 +（后置修饰语 /补足成分）副词词组Adverb Phrase：（修饰语） +副词 +（后置修饰语）介词词组Prepositional Phrase：（修饰语） +介词 +不足成分主句 Main Clause形式分句句子功能形式功能从句 Subordinate Claus限定分句Finite Clause无动词分句Verbless Clause非限定分句Non-finite Clause ：不定式简单句 Simple Sentence并列句 Compound Sentence复杂句 Complex Sentence并列复杂句Compound-complex Sentence 陈述句 Declarative Sentence疑问句 Question感叹句 Exclamatory Sentence祈使句 Imperative Sentence-ing 分词-ed 分词第一讲句子结构主动补 SVC 结构主动 SV 结构基本句型主动宾宾SVoO 结构主动宾 SVO 结构主动宾补SVOC 结构完全句Full Sentence简单句基本语序语序前置（倒装）后置句型的转换与扩大：修饰、并列、从属、省略、替代句式变换并列句形式复杂句并列复杂句不完全句Minor Sentence句子句子分析主语 Subject谓语动词Predicate Verb①宾语Object补语 Complement状语 Adverbial②操作词Operator+述谓成分Prediction。
新编英语教程（大一第一学期）unit7语法点
新编英语教程（大一第一学期）unit7语法点Unit 7 When Lightning Struck1.I was in the tiny bathroom in the back of the plane when I felt the slamming jolt, andthen the horrible swerve that threw me against the door. Oh, Lord, I thought, this is it!Somehow I managed to unbolt the door and scramble out. The flight attendants, already strapped in, waved wildly for me to sit down. As I lunged toward my seat, passengers looked up at me with the stricken expressions of creatures who know they are about to die.2.“I think we got hit by lightning,” the girl in the seat next to mine said. She was from asmall town in east Texas, and this was only her second time on an airplane. She had won a trip to England by competing in a high school geography bee and was supposed to make a connecting flight when we landed in Newark.3.In the next seat, at the window, sat a young businessman who had been confidentlyworking. Now he looked worried. And that really worries me —when confident-looking businessmen look worried. The laptop was put away. “Something’s not right,” he said.4.The pilot’s voice came over the speaker. I heard vaguely through my fear, “Enginenumber two ... emergency landing ... New Orleans.” When he was done, the voice of a flight attendant came on, reminding us of the emergency procedures she had reviewed before takeoff. Of course I never paid attention to this drill, always figuring that if we ever got to the point where we needed to use life jackets, Iwould have already died of terror.5.Now we began a roller-coaster ride through the thunderclouds. I was ready to faint, butwhen I saw the face of the girl next to me, I pulled myself together. I reached for her hand and reassured her that we were going to make it. ”What a story you’re going to tell when you get home!” I said. “After this, London’s going to seem like small potatoes.”6.I wondered where I was getting my strength. Then I saw that my other hand was tightlyheld by a ringed hand. Someone was comforting me —a glamorous young woman across the aisle, the female equivalent of the confident businessman. She must have seen how scared I was and reached over.7.“I tell you,” she confided, “the problems I brought up on this plane with me sure don’ts eem real big right now.” I loved her Southern drawl, her indiscriminate use of per fume, and her soulful squeezes. I was sure that even if I survived the plane crash, I’d have a couple of broken fingers from all the TLC.“Are you okay?” she kept asking me.8.Among the many feelings going through my head during those excruciating 20 minuteswas pride —pride in how well everybody on board was behaving. No one panicked. No one screamed. As we jolted and screeched our way downward, I could hear small pockets of soothing conversation everywhere.9.I thought of something I had heard a friend say about the wonderful gift his dying fatherhad given the family: he had died peacefully, as if not toalarm any of them about an experience they would all have to go through someday.10.And then —yes! —we landed safely.Outside on the ground, attendants and officialswere waiting to transfer us to alternative flights. But we passengers clung together. We chatted about the lives we now felt blessed to be living, as difficult or rocky as they might be.The young businessman lamented that he had not a chance to buy his two little girls a present.An older woman offered him her box of expensive Lindt chocolates, still untouched, tied with a lovely bow. “I shouldn’t be eating the m anyhow,” she said. My glamorous aisle mate took out her cell phone and passed it around to anyone who wanted to make a call to hear the reassuring voice of a loved one.11.There was someone I wanted to call. Back in Vermont, my husband, Bill, wasanticipating my arrival late that night. He had been complaining that he wasn’t ge tting to see very much of me because of my book tour. I had planned to surprise him by getting in a few hours early. Now I just wanted him to know I was okay and on my way.12.When my name was finally called to board my new flight,I felt almost tearful to beparting from the people whose lives had so intensely, if briefly, touched mine.13.Even now, back on terra firma, walking down a Vermont road, I sometimes hear anairplane and look up at that small, glinting piece of metal. I remember the passengers on that fateful, lucky flight and wish I could thank them for the many acts of kindness I witnessed andreceived. I am indebted to my fellow passengers and wish I could pay them back.14.But then, remembering my aisle mate’s hand clutching mine while I clutched the handof the high school student, I feel struck by lightning all over again: the point is not to pay back kindness but to pass it on.Paragraphs 1-4Words and Expressions1. lightning: n. a powerful flash of light in the sky caused by electricity passing from one cloud to another or to the earth, usu. followed by thundere.g. He runs as fast as lightning.Collocation:be struck by lightning: be hit by lightninge.g. The tower has been struck by lightning.Derivation:lightning: adj.2. jolt: n. a sudden rough shaking movemente.g. Residents felt the first jolt of the earthquake at about 8 a.m.Derivation:jolt: v.Comparison: jolt, jerkjerk: a sudden quick movementPractice:1) The train moved off with a ________ (jerk)2) I felt every _________ of the bus. (jolt)3. swerve: n. the act of turning asidee.g. The car made a sudden swerve to avoid the dog.Comparison:swirl: the act of turning around quickly in a circular movementDerivation:swerve: v.4. unbolt:v. unlock; release the bolts of (a door, for example)e.g. The shopkeeper unbolted the door and let the customers in.Comparison: unbolt, untieuntie: undo the knots in something or undo something that has been tiedAntonym:bolt5. scramble:v. climb up or over something with difficulty, using your hands to help youe.g. The boys scrambled over the wall.Collocations:scramble up/down/back, etc.e.g. We scrambled up a rocky slope.Synonym:climbDerivation:scramble: n.6. lunge:v. make sudden forceful forward movements of the body, often to make an attacke.g. He lunged at me with a knife.Comparison: lunge, lunglung: one of the two organs in your body that you breathe withe.g. Smoking can cause lung cancer.Derivation:lunge: n.Translation:They both lunged forwards to catch a ball.他们俩都冲上去抢球。
《新编英语语法教程》主要章节语法术语
《新编英语语法教程》主要章节语法术语第一章：基本语法概念本章主要介绍了英语语法的基本概念，如句子、名词、动词、形容词、副词等。
学习者可以通过本章了解英语基本语法结构和用法。
第二章：句子成分本章讲解了句子的主要成分，如主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语等。
学习者可以通过本章学会如何分析句子的成分，理解句子的结构。
第三章：时态与语态本章详细解释了英语中的各种时态和语态，如一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、被动语态等。
学习者可以通过本章掌握不同时态和语态的用法。
第四章：句子类型本章探讨了英语中的各种句子类型，如陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句等。
学习者可以通过本章学会如何构造和使用不同类型的句子。
第五章：从句与主从复合句本章介绍了从句的概念及其分类，如名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句等。
学习者可以通过本章了解从句的结构和用法，以及如何构造主从复合句。
第六章：非谓语动词本章讲解了非谓语动词的种类和用法，如不定式、动名词、分词等。
学习者可以通过本章学会使用非谓语动词来丰富自己的表达方式。
第七章：语法辨析与干扰本章列举了一些常见的语法错误和干扰问题，如时态混淆、主谓一致、被动语态与进行时的区别等。
学习者可以通过本章学会避免这些常见错误。
第八章：语法综合运用本章提供了一些综合性的语法习题，帮助学习者巩固和应用所学的语法知识。
通过完成这些习题，学习者可以提高语法分析和应用能力。
以上是《新编英语语法教程》主要章节和一些重要的语法术语的介绍。
这本书的内容较为全面，适合英语学习者系统学习和掌握英语语法知识。
新编语法教程知识点总结
新编语法教程知识点总结一、名词名词是表示人、事物、地点、时间等具体或抽象的概念的词语。
名词有可数名词和不可数名词之分。
可数名词可以用单数和复数形式表示，而不可数名词只有单数形式。
在英语中，名词的单数变为复数通常有规则可循，例如在名词后加-s，-es等。
但也有一些不规则的复数形式，需要单独记忆。
二、代词代词是用来代替名词或名词短语的词语，分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、不定代词等多种类型。
代词的正确使用对于语言的准确表达至关重要，需要根据句子的结构和语境来选择合适的代词。
三、动词动词是表示动作、状态或变化的词语。
动词有时态、语态、情态等不同形式。
在句子中，动词通常充当谓语，表示主语所进行的动作或存在的状态。
动词的时态包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等，需要根据句子的语境来选用合适的时态形式。
四、形容词形容词是用来修饰名词或代词的词语，可以描述事物的性质、特征或状态。
形容词有级比的用法，分为原级、比较级和最高级。
形容词的正确使用可以让句子更加生动和具体，提高语言表达的准确性。
五、副词副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子的词语，可以表示时间、地点、原因、方式、程度等。
副词的正确使用可以使句子更加清晰和流畅，帮助读者更好地理解作者的意图。
六、介词介词是用来连接名词、代词或动词等成分的词语，表示位置、方向、时间、原因、比较等关系。
介词通常用来构成介词短语，与其他成分一起表达句子的语义内容。
七、连词连词是用来连接词、词组、从句或句子的词语，分为并列连词和从属连词。
并列连词用来连接同等地位的成分，如并列的词、词组、从句或句子；从属连词用来引导从句，表示从属关系。
八、句子结构句子是表达完整意思的语言单位，句子结构包括主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语等成分。
正确理解句子结构可以帮助我们更好地理解句子的意思，并正确地表达自己的意图。
九、语法规则语法规则是语言使用的规范和约定，是语言表达的基础。
新编英语语法教程讲
9.
exaggeration
10. measurement 11. purity
12.
persistence
13. extension
14. statement
15.
generosity
第5页/共27页
II. Number forms of nouns
1. Regular and irregular plural a) Regular plural (p.p. 42-44) b) Irregular plural (p.p. 44-45)
类别
定义
例词
按 构 词 法
按 词 汇 意 义
按语 法特 征
简单名词 复合名词
派生名词
普 个体名词 通 集体名词 名 物质名词 词 抽象名词
专有名词
可数名词 单数式 复数式
不可数名词
包含一个自由词素的名词 由两个或两个以上自由词 素合成的名词 由动词、形容词、简单 名词+词缀构成的名词
man, chair, land, ship armchair, farmland, seaside, roommate arrangement, expectation, ability, greatness
“What a mess!” she said,
若要计数，就 得使用语义上 与之对应的个
体名词
He joined in the laughter.
with a laugh.
He looked shocked, then This scene gets one of the
burst into laughter.
2）“of + 名词” 格：用于无生命的名词之后，作该名词的 后置定语。 （参见 b) ， p. 55）
新编英语语法教程第26讲
I really can't express my idea in English freely in-deed． 我确实不能用英语流利地表 达我的思想。 (表示某种语言用in) I wrote a novel in Russian. 我用俄语写了一 本小说。(同上) The kilometer is the biggest unit of length in the metric system． 公里是米制中最长的长度单位。 (表示度、量、衡单位的用in ) The length is measured in meter, kilometer, and centimeter. 长度是以米、公里、厘米为单位 来计算的。(同上) This board was cast in bronze not in gold. 这个牌匾是铜铸的， 不是金铸的。
有形with无形by，语言 、单位、材料in 例： The workers are paving a road with stone. 工人们正用石子铺路。(有形) The teacher is correcting the paper with a new pen. 这位教师正用一支新笔批改论文。(有形) "Taking Tiger Mountain by Strategy" is a good opera. <<智取威虎山>>是—出好戏。 (无形) The product is separated by distillation into gasoline and gas oil. 这种 产品是用蒸馏分离出气油和粗柴油。 (表示方 式、手段、方法——无形)
特征、方面与方式、心情、成语惯用in 特征或状态： 例: The Democratic Party was then in power. 那时民主党执政。 They found the patient in a coma. 他们发 现病人处于昏迷状态。 He has not been in good health for some years. 他几年来身 体一直不好。 Many who came in despair went away in hope. 许多人带着绝 望情绪而来，却满怀希望而去。 The house was in ruins. 这房屋成了废墟。 The poor girl was in tears. 这个贫苦女孩泪 流满面。 Her clothes were in rags. 她 的衣跟穿破了。
新编英语语法教程
新编英语语法教程
英语是一种全球通用的语言，越来越多的人开始学习英语，以成为多语种能力者。
英语学习的第一步就是掌握语法，其中也包括学习英语语法规则。
本教程介绍了英语语法基础，以及一系列有用的规则和技巧，帮助读者更好地理解和使用英语语法。
本书从最基本的句子结构开始，介绍了英语语法的结构和功能，并详细介绍了动词时态、句子结构、语气、习语和表达等。
同时，还有大量例题和练习，以帮助读者练习所学到的知识，并掌握语法结构，更好地用英语表达。
本书主要适用于初学者，有助于培养英语语法的正确使用和深入学习。
它既可以帮助初学者在基本语法上有所突破，也可以帮助具有英语基础的人更深入的学习。
本书还配有课文，帮助读者更好地掌握英语语法结构，让他们能够更准确、更流畅地运用英语进行书写和口语表达。
本书的内容涵盖了所有必要的英语语法知识，以及参考资料。
此外，本书还提供了大量实用的练习和测试，帮助读者更好地掌握英语语法规则，以及提高英语发音、书写、阅读以及口语表达能力。
本书不仅涵盖了所有必要的英语语法知识，而且还有大量例题和练习，并且步骤详细，以帮助读者更好地理解和掌握英语语法规则，使他们能够用英语流利地进行书写、口语、阅读和表达。
因此，本书是初、中级英语语法学习者的最佳选择。
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《新编英语语法教程》主要章节语法术语Introduction: Grammatical Hierarchy (导论—语法层次)2. Parts of speech (word class)3. Phrases词组4. Clause分句5. Sentence句子1. Morpheme词素Free morpheme 自由词素Bound morpheme 粘附词素Allomorph 词素变体Noun phraseVerb phraseAdjective phraseAdverb phrasePreposition phraseConjunctionLecture 1 Sentence Structure（L1）Sentence elements:S (subject) 主语V (predicate verb)谓语动词O (object)宾语C (complement)补足语A (Adverbial)状语1. Two ways of sentence analysis1) SVOSentenceClauseNP VP NPSubject Predicate verb ObjectAll the man have done their best.Sentence = Subject + Predicate (Predicate Verb + Object, Complement, Adverbial, etc.)●句子由主语和谓语构成，进一步把谓语剖析为谓语动词、宾语、补语、状语等。
2) Subject + Predicate (= operator + predication)SentenceClauseSubject PredicateOperator PredicationAll the man have done their best.●句子由主语和谓语构成，进一步把谓语剖析为操作词（operator）和述谓成分（predication）。
2. Basic clause typesSVC, SV, SV A, SVO, SVOA, SVOC, SV oOLecture 2 Subject-Verb Concord （L2-3）Guiding principles:Grammatical Concord Notional Concord Principle of Proximity语法一致原则意义一致原则就近原则Nominal clause Non-finite clause Relative clause Cleft sentence Existential clause 名词性分句非限定分句关系分句分裂句存在句Lecture 3 Noun and Noun Phrase（L4-5）1. Classification of nounsPartitive (Unit Noun) 单位词 2. Cases of NounsNominative case / Subjective case （主格）Accusative case / Objective case （宾格 ）Genitive case （属格 ）/ Possessive case （所有格） Dative case （受事格/与格）Genitive caseGenitive cases specifying the reference of the noun phrase. Specific reference (特指) Generic reference （类指） Indefinite genitive phrase （非确定特指）Lecture 4 Determiner （L6-7）1. DefinitionDeterminers are function words which are used to determine or fix the reference of a noun.2. ClassificationIndependent GenitiveDouble Genitive3.ArticlesArticle is a major group of determiners used to delimit the scope of reference of nouns (主要用来限定名词的指称范围).*p.74, 7.1.3, 冠词的确定特指（definite specific reference）分为前照应特指（cataphoric specific reference）、后照应特指（anaphoric specific reference）和语境特指（situational reference），这与后面的代词照应（pronoun reference p.104, 9.3）在术语上略有不同。
Lecture 5 Pronoun（L8-9）1. ClassificationAntecedent 先行词2. The use of reflexive pronoun (-self)3. Pronoun reference (代词照应)前照应（Cataphoric reference）、后照应(Anaphoric reference)、语境照应(Situational reference)、人称照应(Personal reference)、指示照应(Demonstrative reference)Lecture 6 Verb and Verb Phrase（L10-22）1. Classification of verbs动词分类的标准有很多种，如上图所示，记住基本的术语和其用法就是。
比如及物动词、不及物动词、联系动词、助动词、动态动词、静态动词、词组动词、限定动词、非限定动词、不定式，不带to不定式（bare infinitive）等等，还有副词/介词小品词（adverb particle & proposition particle）。
➢Transitive Verbs：followed by objects.➢Intransitive verbs：do not require an object.➢Linking verbs：followed by subject compliments.•SVO主—动—宾(Transitive verb)•SV oO主—动—宾—宾(Ditransitive verb)【双宾语动词】•SVOC主—动—宾—补(Monotransitive verb)【单宾语动词】•SV主—动(Intransitive verb)•SVC主—动—补(Linking verb)•This aspect is of essential importance because the verb type here determines the basic sentence structure of your sentence and how you can expand your sentence.2. Five forms of Verbs（动词的五种基本形式）原形（base form）、第三人称单数（third person singular）、过去式（past tense）、过去分词（past tense）、现在分词（present participle）3. Tense and aspectsTenseSimple present Simple past Simple future Past future Aspectprogressive 现在进行体过去进行体将来进行体过去将来进行体perfective 现在完成体过去完成体将来完成体过去将来完成体Perfective现在完成进行体过去完成进行体将来完成进行体过去将来完成进行体progressive4.Mood陈述式（Indicative mood）、祈使式（Imperative mood）、虚拟式（Subjunctive mood）5.Non-finite verbspp. 230-1 动态形容词（Dynamic Adjective）、静态形容词（Stative Adjective）p.251 前置修饰语（Premodifier）、p.256 悬垂分词（Dangling Participle）/无依着分词（Unattached participle）、依着法则（Attachment rule）Lecture 7 Adjective and Adverb（L23-24）1.1 Adjective & Adjective Phrase1.2 Adjective form1.3 Adjective meaning动态形容词、静态形容词、等级形容词、非等级形容词2.1 Adverb & Adverb Phrase (Adv P)2.2Adv form2.3 Adv Meaningp.274 修饰性状语（Adjunct）、评注性状语（Disjunct）、连接性状语（Conjunct）Lecture 8 Degree & Comparative Construction（L25）(比较等级和比较结构)1.Degree formsRegular degree forms of Adj & AdvPositive/absolute 原级Comparative比较级Superlative最高级Monosyllabic(单音节) Adj & Adv Synthetic(inflectional)综合(屈折)形式Adj-/Adv-er Adj/Adv-estPolysyllabic(多音节) Adj & Adv Analytic (phrasal)分析(词组)形式more Adj/Adv most Adj/AdvDisyllabic(双音节) Adj & Adv Synthetic or Analytic Adj-/Adv-ermore Adj/AdvAdj/Adv-estmost Adj/AdvNotes:(1) -ing and -ed participial Adj takes more ~ & most ~(2) Some irregular forms, e.g., far, good(3) Gradable indefinite Det & Prons: many/much, few, little 2. Comparative construction3. General structure of Comparative constructionNotes:(1) More (less, fewer) can be Det. or Pron.:Model 2 accounted for more variance … than did Model 1. (D et.) It appeared in more than 50% of the request e-mails. (Pron.) (2) As & than are Conj or rarely Prep:John is taller than she (is). / John is taller than her.E.g. Apple is as tasty as tomato.Lecture 9 Statement, Question, Command & Exclamation （L27） (陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句)Sentence types 句子1. Statements2. Questions (Interrogative sentences): General (yes-no) questions, Special (Wh-) questions, Alternative questions, Tag questions (附加疑问句), Rhetorical questions (修辞疑问句)3. Commands and Exclamations4. Tag questions (pp.316-9) Transferred negation (否定转移)Lecture 10 Existential Sentence & It-Patterns （L28-29） （存在句和It-句型）1. Existential sentence存在句、实义主语（Notional Subject ）、真主语（Real subject ）、地点状语（Locative adverbial ）、时间状语（Temporal adverbial ）*p.326, 提及的非确定特指，冠词、数词等限定词，见限定词（Determiner ）一讲。