高中英语(轻轻教育)-专项分类总结学习巩固-状语从句的缩略形式.doc

讲义基本信息状语从句中的缩略形式概念定义：由when，while，as, once，whenever引导的时间状语从句；或由if，unless引导的条件状语从句；由though，although，even if ，even though引导的让步状语从句；由as though，as if，as引导的方式状语从句；由wherever引导的地点状语从句，若从句的主句是it或与主句的主语相同，且在谓语中含有be时，常省略从句的主语和be。

(1)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,可以省略状语从句中的主语和系动词be, 这时从句中可出现如下结构:①连词(as, as if, once+名词)Once (he was) a teacher, he now works in a government office.②连词(though, whether, when)+形容词Work hard when (you are) young ,or you’ll regret.③连词(when, while, though)+现在分词While (I was) walking along the street, I heard my name called.④连词(when, if ,even if, unless, once, until, than, as)+过去分词⑤连词(as if, as though)+不定式He opened his mouth as if (he were ) to speak.1. When first ________ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.A. introducingB. introducedC. introduceD. being introduced2. Unless ________ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.A. invitedB. invitingC. being invitedD. having invited3. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ________ whether he was going in the right direction.A. seeingB. having seenC. to have seenD. to see4. Generally speaking, ________ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.A. when takingB. when takenC. when to takeD. when to be taken5. When ________ , the museum will be open to the public next year.A. completedB. completingC. being completedD. to be completed6. Though ________ money, his parents man-aged to send him to university.A. lackedB. lacking ofC. lackingD. lacked in7. The research is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to change it.A. beginsB. having begunC. beginningD. begun8. The eighteen-storied building, when ____, will shut out the sun lighting up the rooms in my house.A. completedB.to be completedpletingD. have completed9.If you go to Britain, you’ll find the streets there less beautiful than commonly _______.A. SupposingB. supposedC. to supposeD. suppose10. I’m sure all will go well as________.A. being plannedB. plannedC. having plannedD. planning11. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when ________ at the meeting by my boss.A. questioningB. having questionedC. questionedD. to be questioned12. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ________ whether he was going in the right direction.A. seeingB. having seenC. to have seenD. to see13. _____told to stop, the excited children kept on talking in class, so I got angry.A. AsB.WhenC.WhileD. Though答案：BADBA CDABB CDD(2)当从句主语是It,谓语动词有含有系动词be时,可以把it系动词be一起省略。

此时构成连词（if ，unless, when，whenever）+形容词的结构。

如：Unless（it is ）necessary，you‘d better not refer to the dictionary.另外,我们还可以用so或not代替上文内容,此时可有if+so/not。

Get up early tomorrow. If not( you don’t get up early), you will miss the early bus.He may not be at home then, if so (he is not at home), leave him a note.(3)在than或as…as引导的从句中,常含有一些成分在上下文清楚的情况下被省略。

He has made greater progress than (he did) before/ever.He came home earlier than (he was) expected.She works as hard as young people.注意1. 主句和从句的主语保持一致，称为分词作状语；省略从句的主语，将后面的动词发生形式变化，主动语态变成ing形式，若是被动语态，则变为ed形式2. 如前后主语不一致，则称为独立主格结构。

省略方式：关系词（可保留）+动词形式变化（ing\-ed）。

Because mum was ill,I didn't go to school.----Mum being ill,I didn't go to school.When he finished his homework,we went out to play.—-He finishing his homework,we went out to play.用省略改写以下句子1. Don’t speak until you are spoken to .2. I’ll buy a TV set if it is necessary.3.She stood at the gate as if she was waiting for someone.4. He was a swimmer when he was a child.5.Though it is cold, he wore a shirt.6. While I was walking alone in the street, I heard my name called.用省略翻译词句1._____________________ (在北京的时候), I paid a visit to the Summer Palace.2. ______________________(当是个年轻人的时候), Abraham Lincoln was a storekeeper and apostmaster.3. He has no money. ______ (要是有的话), he will give us.4._____________(除非修理), the machine is of no use.5. _______________________(要是给更多的关注), The boy could have turned out better.6. A girl stood at the gate of the school as if _________ _____________________(跟老师讲话). 省略在As if引导的方式状语从句中应用的较多.1.Tom raised his hand ______________________ （好像要说什么）2. He acted __________________ (好像是个傻瓜)3.She left the room hurriedly ___________________ (好像生气了)4.He stared at the girl ____________________ (好像是第一次看到她)5.The player is rolling on the ground _____________ (好像严重受伤了)6.He opened the drawer ______________ (好像在寻找重要的东西)改写：1. Don’t speak until spoken to .2. I’ll buy a TV set if necessary.3.She stood at the gate as if waiting for someone.4. He was a swimmer when a child.5.Though cold, he wore a shirt.6. While walking alone in the street, I heard my name called.翻译：1.When in Beijing2.as if a fool3.as if angry4.as if seeing her for the first time5.as if hurt seriously6.as if looking for something important注意以下几大状语从句的省略1.时间状语从句中的省略When (she was) very young, she began to learn to play the piano. 她很小时，就开始学习弹钢琴。