初二阳光课程英语第三次课讲义 代词

初二阳光课程英语第三次课讲义代词一、基本要求1.人称代词、物主代词的用法；2.指示代词及单复数；3.不定代词的用法；4.反身代词的人称和数的变化；二、能力要求在正确运用各种代词的基础上、重点掌握物主代词、不定代词和反身代词，并能够在题干所提示的语境和逻辑关系中灵活运用。

三、分类* 人称代词* 物主代词* 指示代词* 反身代词例题：1. I can't repair the model ship ____. Can you help ?A .me; me B. myself ; myself C .myself ; me D. me ; myself2. Does your brother often wash clothes ?A. he B .himself C. herself D .him3. The book on the shelf is _____. She wrote name on its cover .A .Hers; her; herself B. Her; hers; herselfC. Herself; her; hers D .Her; herself; herself4. Is this her bike? No, it isn't. It's ____.A. mineB. myC. meD. he's5. ____ Li Ping's brother.A. HerB. HisC. He'sD. She's6.When you see Tom and his sister , tell that mother is waiting at the gate.A. his ; hisB. her; hersC. them ; theirD. his ; her* 不定代词（一）some , any, no, all，nonesome意为“一些”、“若干”，具有名词和形容词的作用。

some 作定语时，可修饰可数名词和不可数名词。

some 通常出现在下列场合：1. 肯定句；2. 含请求和邀请意义的疑问句；3. 表示劝告或建议的肯定句。

例如：(1) Some are playing basketball. The others are playing football.(2) Would you like some coffee？(3) Won't you have some more money？any在句中作定语时，可修饰可数名词或不可数名词。

1. 用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句时，表示“一些”；2. 用于肯定句时，表示“任何的”、“任何一个的”。

例如：(1) I have some English books，but I haven't any books that you need.(2) Do you have any tickets？(3) The teacher asked us if we had any questions.(4) You can come at any time.no意为“没有”，作定语用，修饰单数可数名词时，在意义上相当于not a ；no 作定语用，修饰复数可数名词或不可数名词时，在意义上相当于not any .例如：(1) No news is good news.(2) There are no students in the classroom now.all表示“一切”、“全部”、“全体”的意思，可以代替或修饰两个以上的人或物，也可以代替或修饰不可数名词。

all 指人并单独在句中作主语时，谓语动词为复数形式；all 指物并单独在句中作主语时，谓语动词为单数形式。

使用all 时，应注意：1. all 后面可以跟of 短语。

若of 后面的宾语是名词，则of 可以省略；若of 后面的宾语是人称代词，则of 不可省略。

2. all 作定语修饰名词时，应该按照“ all+ 定冠词/ 指示代词/ 物主代词＋名词”的顺序排列。

3. all 和否定词not 连用，表示“部分否定”，意为“并不是所有的”。

例句：（1）All are here. Let's begin our class.（2）That's all for today.（3）All （of ）the visitors are from America .（4）All of us will go shopping tomorrow.none意为“没有任何东西（人）”、“……中任何一个都不”。

none 可以指人，也可以指物；none 作主语时，要与of 短语连用，若代替可数名词，谓语动词可为单数形式，也可为复数形式，若代替不可数名词，谓语动词应为单数形式。

例如：（1）None of us like go swimming.(2) None of the money is yours.(3) I know none of his friends.（二）other, another，oneother表示“另外的（人或物）”、“其他的（人或物）”。

如果意思上需要，可用复数形式others .注意：1. 表示某些人/ 物中的“一些……另一些……”，应该用some … others…；2. 表示两者中的“一个……另一个……”，应该用one … the other…；3. 拿一群中的某一个和这一群体中的其他个体相比较时，应在名词前加other ；4. other 与表示数量的词连用时，必须放在数量词之后，表示在原有数量上又增加了多少。

例如：(1) Some will visit the Great Wall，others will visit the Summer Palace.(2) I have two brothers. One is a doctor，the other is a professor.(3) Can you finish your homework without others' help？(4) He studied harder than any other student in his class.(5) You'd better stay in the hotel for five other days.another表示“（三个以上不定数目中的）另一个”。

1. another 表示“另一个”、“再一个”时，一般只能用于代替或修饰单数可数名词；2. another 表示“外加……一个”、“再来……一个”时，通常位于“基数词或few + 复数名词”之前。

例如：(1) Would you like another cup of tea？(2) I don't like this apple. Please give me another.(3) They asked us to stay for another few days.(4) I ate an apple, I want Another two (apples).one 用来泛指任何人时，其所有格形式为one's ，反身代词为oneself ；one 也可用来代替上下文中出现过的可数名词，复数形式为ones ，这时它的前后都可用其他限定词语加以修饰。

it指代同一事物，that代替不可数名词。

例如：(1) One should be strict with oneself.(2) Something is wrong with one of the machines.(3) This apple is too small. Please give me a big one.(4) This park is more beautiful than that one.(5) The population of China is larger than that of Japan. (下学期重点讲解)（三）many / much few /a few little /a littlemany / much除可用在肯定句中作主语或修饰主语外，还可用在否定句和疑问句中。

例如：（1）Many of the boys in our class like music.（2）Much has been done to stop pollution.（3）There isn't much food left，is there？few 与a few 修饰可数名词；little 与a little 修饰不可数名词；few 与little含否定意义；a few 与a little含肯定意义。

例如：(1) His lecture is very difficult, but a few people can understand it.(2) His lecture is very difficult, and few people can understand it.(3) There is still a little water in the bottle.(4) There is little water in the bottle. Please go and get some.（三）both与neither，either，eachboth意为“两者都”，与not 连用时表示“并非两者都……”，为部分否定。

both 在句中作主语时，谓语动词为复数形式。

例如：(1) Both of the stories are interesting.(2) There are trees and flowers on both sides of the street.neither意为“两者都不”，作主语时，谓语动词应为单数形式。

例如：(1)－Do you like apples or pears？－No，I like neither of them.(2) Neither of the boys is my son.(3) He gave me two apples but neither of them is sweet.either意为“两者中的任何一个”，作主语时，谓语动词应为单数形式。

either … or …意为“要么……要么……”。

例如：(1) You can eat either of the apples，but you can't eat them both.(2)－Do you want an apple or a pear？－Either will do.(3) There are many new buildings on either side of the streets.each 指两个或两个以上的人或物中的一个，侧重于个体；every则更强调全体或全部。