listen-this-way4-unit5
新标准大学英语综合教程4-unit5教案
新标准大学英语综合教程4-unit5教案新标准大学英语综合教程4-unit5Unit5Active reading (1)1 Work in pairs and decide who is gossiping. In fact, anybody could be saying these things. As sterotypes, the first is said by a male football fan, the second is a women gossiping about the weather as part of small talk, the third is a young man / women gossiping toanother man about other people‘s personal relationships.2 Check ( ) the statements about gossip which you think are true. 1 Men gossip just as much as women.No, men seem to gossip less than women.√ 2 Men talk more about politics than women.Yes, this seems to be true.√ 3 Men talk more about football than women.Yes, surely this is the case.√ 4 Women talk mo re about themselves than men.No, I am not sure. Maybe men talk about themselves as much.√ 5 Men don‘t admit they gossip.Yes, I think this is true.6 Women don‘t admit they gossip.No, I don‘t agree, I think they like gossiping and do admit it.Sex differences in English gossip rulesReading and understanding3 Choose the best answer to the questions.1 What does the research quoted in the passage show?(a) Men talk more about politics than about football.(b) Women don‘t like speaking about politics and art. (c) Men gossip just as much as women.(d) Men and women gossip in exactly the same way.2 What do men do when women are present?(a) They tend to talk about themselves.(b) They change their tone of voice. (c) They speak more about politics and art than usual.(d) They let women do most of the speaking.3 What is the main difference between male and female gossip? (a) Women don‘t realize they are gossiping.(b) Men only gossip outdoors.(c) Women speak more about themselves than men do. (d) Men speak more about themselves than women do.4 What is ―the tone rule‖ in women‘s gossip? (a) Use a special tone of voice to show that you are gossiping. (b) It is important to keep a flat unemotional tone.(c) Don‘t change your tone of voice when you start gossiping. (d) Always start gossiping by using a low whisper.5 What is ―the detail rule‖?(a) You should avoid boring details when you gossip.(b) When gossiping about people it‘s important to quote what they actually said.(c) You should avoid talking about why people did something.(d) It doesn‘t matter if your gossip is vague.6 What does ―the feedback rule‖ say about listeners?(a) They should keep quiet while someone is gossiping.(b) They shouldn‘t show surprise.(c) They should believe everything they hear. (d) They should show interest and enthusiasm.4 Number the different parts of the passage in the order inwhich they occur.1 Refer to recent research to dispel the myth about male gossip.2 Reveal that men change topic of conversation when women are present.3 Focus on the difference of content between male and female gossip.4 Suggest that the myth about male gossip is really a problem of terminology.5 Present a detailed, technical account of how women gossip.6 Conclude that the vital difference between male and female gossip lies in the positive response of the audience.Dealing with unfamiliar words5 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 in a way that is impossible to doubt and easy to see (decidedly)2 the reason that you do something (motive)3 main, or most important (principal)4 with qualities thought to be typical of men (masculine)5 to criticize something, or to suggest it is not good enough for you (sniff)6 lively or active (animated)6 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 5.When Simona Ventura became the host of the Italian TV soccer programme, a lot of people (1) sniffedat the decision. What could a woman do in such a (2) decidedly male-dominated world? They argued.But the (3) motive behind the choice of Simona as the new presenter soon became apparent. Ratherthan change to fit the programme –there is nothing (4) masculine about her – she created a new, moremodern show, the (5) principal aim of which is to entertain the whole family. The old style, lengthy andrather technical analyses of football matches, has been replaced by a lively TV programme, which is(6) animated by guest celebrities, dancers and singers, as well as extracts from the day‘s top matches.7 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the following words. You may need to makeother changes.1 Cultural and intellectual programmes tend to be broadcast very late in the evening. (highbrow)2 At the beginning I was very shy, but I soon got to know everyone and made friends. (initially)3 The course I enjoyed most when I was studying linguistics was the one on the relationship betweenwords and meanings. (semantics)4 To find out more about English as a world language, we need reliable people who are able to giveinformation. (informants)5 She sent me a bunch of roses when I got the job, and I did the same when she got promoted. (reciprocated)6 For some men there is still a feeling of embarrassment and unease about taking orders from a femalesuperior. (stigma)7 After the goal was disallowed, most of the words I could hear were swear words. (expletives)8 You can‘t speak like that to someone you don‘t know. It‘s a matter of rules of social behaviour. (etiquette)9 Only after a very careful and time-consuming editing will this book be ready for publication. (exhaustive)8 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 Does scandalous behaviour (a) make you feel uncomfortable, or (b) leave you indifferent?2 If you bemoan something, do you (a) express pleasure, or(b) complain about it?3 If you rake over something, do you (a) want to forget it, or(b) keep talking about it?4 If you are appreciative of something someone has done for you, do you (a) thank them, or (b) criticizethem?5 If a man has an effeminate manner, does he make you think of (a) a child, or (b) a woman?6 Is camp behaviour (a) typical of, or (b) different from established norms about the traditional male wayof doing things?Reading and interpreting9 Check ( ) the writer‘s main purposes in writing the passage. √ 1 to summarize findings from recent research Most of the passage is taken up with research findings from both the writer and others. If you arenot sure about this, look at how many times words like study, research, paragraph five and see how verbs in the past tense in the second part are all reporting research findings!2 to present the writer‘s own research findingsThese are clearly included and they are most of the second part, but thisis the main purpose is notto present them – they illustrate how gossip works.3 to dispel a myth about males and gossipT he first part of the text does this, but the second part reports research only about women‘s gossip, so No 1 is a better answer.4 to show that women are superior to menNo, the writer does not intend to show this and doesn‘t do so. 5 to encourage people t o learn to gossip properly No, the passage is about rules, but these are not the kind that people are supposed to learn but the descriptive rules that describe common behaviour. There is nothing about encouraging people to behave like this.6 to draw attention to the different ways in which men and women gossip This is a reasonable answer but the passage is really reporting research (see No 1)7 to analyze the way in which women gossip This is the point of the second part, but not the main idea of the whole passage.Active reading (2)Marked: women in the workplaceReading and understanding3 Choose the best summary of the passage.1 The English language reflects and reinforces the sexist attitudes of society, whether we consider wordssuch as actress, which is a less serious equivalent of the word actor, or titles we give women, such asMrs, Miss and Ms.This only summarizes the first section, but the title should indicate that a summary would say more thanthis, including the points about hairstyle or clothes.2 Women find it much harder to get on in the workplace because they haveto spend too much timethinking about what clothes to wear, or what hairstyle they should have. This is only one point. It doesn‘t summaraize the main idea and examples of language use.3 Women constantly have to make choices about dress and appearance, and even the way they sign their names, which lead people to make judgments about them; men do not have to make the same choices.Although this doesn‘t emphasize l anguage, it summarizes the main idea of choice (marked / unmarked).4 Choose the best answer to the questions.1 Which of the following words is marked?(a) Doctor. (b) Actor. (c) Actress. (d) Poet.2 What does a marked female ending to a word usually convey? (a) Physical attractiveness.(b) A lack of authority. (c) A lack of seriousness.(d) Greater professional competence.3 What did the writer notice at a conference?(a) All the women were dressed in the same way. (b) All the men were dressed in the same way.(c) One of the men wore a cowboy shirt and jeans.(d) None of the women wore sensible shoes.4 What did a woman with high heels do at the conference?(a) She was isolated by her female colleagues.(b) She was the first to complete a group task.(c) She broke one of the heels when she had to make a trek.(d) She took off her shoes and attracted a group of men.5 What did a male colleague tell a female lawyer to do before she went to court?(a) To put on a jacket over her blouse. (b) To do up a buttonon her blouse.(c) T o undo a button on her blouse.(d) To wear something with darker colours.6 What is a woman often asked to do when filling in a form?(a) Choose from four titles.(b) Give both her married and unmarried name. (c) Give information about her married status.(d) Avoid using the title ―Dr‖.Dealing with unfamiliar words5 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 the place where you work (workplace)2 to mean something (denote)3 to make something or someone become gradually less effective, confident, or successful (undermine)4 to think that something is true because it is likely, although you cannot be certain (presume)5 a regular and important part or feature of something (staple)6 involving or consisting of many people, things, or parts (multiple)7 expressing what you mean using clear and effective language (eloquent)8 used to describe a word that refers to one person or thing (singular)9 behaving in a very unfriendly or threatening way towards someone (hostile)10 to say or write words that someone else has said or written (quote) 11 to give someone responsibility for an important job or activity (entrust)6 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the wordsin Activity 5.1 Melanie got to her feet and made a eloquent defence of the rights of women in the workplace.2 There are a number of words in English, such as people, which although technically in the singularform, in actual fact denote a plural meaning.3 The dark suit is a staple of the businessman‘s wardrobe, and I presume it will remain so for a long time.4 The hostile reception he got at the meeting is likely to undermine all the work that has been donerecently to improve relations between staff and management.5 Jason suffered multiple injuries in the acc ident, and we didn‘t want to entrust an inexperienced surgeonwith the operation.6 I think that most world leaders in the next century will be women, but don‘t quote me on that.7 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the following words. You may need to makeother changes.1 Don‘t forget to put on a bit of lipstick and mascara before you go out. (make-up)2 The candidate displayed a lack of seriousness which we felt was not appropriate to the position he wasapplying for. (frivolousness)3 I need to check my free dates in March before I can confirm whether I shall be able to attend theconference. (availability)4 He has an attractive smile which people find hard to resist. (alluring)5 This list of participants needs to be put into alphabeticalorder. (alphabetized)6 The first person officially suggested as general secretary had to withdraw due to ill health. (nominee)7 After the first remarks offering congratulations the atmosphere at the prize-giving ceremony turned sour. (congratulatory)8 The speaker made a comment which I found unfriendly and which meant the opposite of what he reallymeant. (sarcastic)8 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 Is a linguistic problem concerned with (a) words, or (b) figures?2 If you are disqualified from an event, do the organizers (a) allow you, or (b) refuse to allow you to takepart?3 Is rub likely to mean (a) a problem, or (b) a solution?4 If you have got myriad job offers, are you likely to be (a) concerned, or (b) optimistic about your future?5 If you let on about something to someone, do you (a) tell them about it, or (b) keep it a secret?6 If you duck something which has been thrown at you, does it (a) hit, or (b) miss you?7 If someone speaks to you in an uppity way, is their manner(a) superior, or (b) humble and polite?Reading and interpreting9 Answer the questions.1 From which field has the writer borrowed the term marked?The term marked is borrowed from linguistics.2 What are the differences between a ―marked‖ and an ―unmarked‖ word? An ―unmarked‖ word is normal, commonor neutral, while a ―marked‖ one is noticeable or used in a particular way or has a special meaning. Sometimes the unmarked one is positive and the unmarked on is negative.3 What is the difference between a ―marked‖ and an ―unmarked‖ appearance in the workplace?An ―unmarked‖ appearance would be normal, neutral and common, so it is unlikely that anyone wouldcomment o n it. A ―marked‖ appearance would be different, particular and noticeable because it wouldbe a contrast to all those with an unmarked appearance –people would be likely to comment on the person with the marked appearance.4 Why is no make-up ―marked‖ for women?Because many or most women wear some make-up. A woman wearing no make-up in a context where itis expected that make-up would be worn is noticeably different, so it is ―marked‖.5 How often do men wear ―marked‖ clothes in the workplace? Not often or rarely.6 What is the connection between ―marked‖ and ―sexy‖? Assuming that most women wear attractive and smart clothes, say in the workplace, this would be unmarked (among women), whereas if a woman wore sexy clothes (which for example were veryreveal ing), this would be noticeable and ―marked‖ (and inappropriate). In another contex t, the oppositemight be the case, say at a party where most women were dressed in a sexy manner, someone dressedsmartly and conservatively but not in a sexy manner would b e ―marked‖. 7 Why are women‘s titles (Mrs, Miss and Ms) allmarked?Because whichever choice a woman makes it tells people something more than their title: If they choosechoose Miss they are unmarriedbut perhaps also traditional; if they choose Ms, you d on‘t know whether they are married or not, but youdo know that they don‘t want to give information about being married and that they are more modern, liberated, rebellious or feminist. Men do not have to make any of these choices.8 In what sense are wome n‘s surnames marked?In some English-speaking countries, say the US, married woman‘s surname is marked becausetraditionally they take their husband‘s surname as their married surname. So if a woman uses this name,it may signal that she is traditional or willing to adopt her husband‘s identity. Some married women, especially in professions, continue to use their original surname from their own family, and then thisis ―marked‖ –it may be a signal that they are modern, liberated, or wish to keep their own identity. Ofcourse, this is not a problem in Chinese and th ose other languages in which a married woman doesn‘ttake her husband‘s name.Language in usesay + something / nothing / a lot etc about1 Rewrite the sentences using say + something / nothing / a lot etcabout .1 The boots she wears give a lot of information about her. The boots she wears say a lot about her.2 The way he talks about other people gives an indication of his personality.The way he talks about other people says something about his personality. 3 The way she behaves doesn‘t give any indication of her previous career. The way she behaves says nothing about her previous career.4 This statement is very revealing about the organization‘s attitude to women.This statement says a lot abo ut the organization‘s attitude to women. 5 This type of task gives some idea about the structure of the final examination. This type of task says something about the structure of the final examination.on + gerund2 Rewrite the sentences using on + gerund.1 When they checked the figures again, they realized there had been a mistake. On checking the figures again, they realized there had been a mistake.2 When she was asked, she said she would like to be known by her first name. On being asked, she said she would like to be known by her first name.3 When we investigated more completely, we made an important discovery. On investigating more completely, we made an important discovery.4 When they heard the news, most people reacted with offers to help. On hearing the news, most people reacted with offers to help.5 Whe n people are accused of a crime they haven‘t committed, most of them don‘t know how to react.On being accused of a crime they haven‘t committed, most people don‘t know how to react.anything but3 Rewrite the sentences using anything but .1 The organizer of the conference was the opposite of helpful. The organizer of the conference was anything but helpful.2 The instructions you left were certainly not easy to follow. The instructions you left were anything but easy to follow.3 I felt extremely unsafe wearing those four-inch-high heels.I felt anything but safe wearing those four-inch-high heels.4 The weather last week was quite the opposite of warm and sunny. The weather last week was anything but warm and sunny.5 I think that attitudes towards women in the company whereI work are a long way from beingprogressive. I think that attitudes towards women in the company where I work areanything but progressive.other than4 Rewrite the sentences using other than .1 The only thing we do when the three of us meet is gossip. When the three of us meet we do nothing other than gossip.2 Men have no real alternative unless it is to wear a suit. Men have no real alternative other than to wear a suit.3 The only thing I wish to add is to say how much I have enjoyed the whole day.I have nothing to add other than to say how much I have enjoyed the whole day.4 They told her she didn‘t have to do anything except sit quietly and look pretty. They told her she had nothing to do other than to sit quietly and look pretty.5 The only reason I have for being here is the free lunch. I have no reason to be here other than the free lunch.Collocations5 Match the adjectives in Column A with the nouns in Column B.A B bright colours conservative tastes correct tone popular beliefheavy make-up highbrow subject face value6 Complete the sentences with the collocations in Activity 5.1 Both of us have rather conservative tastes, so we‘re unlikely to buy modern furniture.2 I‘m afraid these bonds are worth a lot less than their face value.3 It‘s not easy to find the correct tone in which to speak to new customers.4 I like wearing bright colours; I think they reflect my outgoing personality.5 Yesterday‘s lectur e was on such a highbrow subject that I couldn‘t get interested.6 Why do they put such heavy make-up on people in television studios?7 The popular belief that men don‘t cry is nonsense.7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.Women can‘t even fill out a form without telling stories about themselves. Most application form s nowgive four choices for titles. Men have one to choose –―Mr.‖ –so their choice carries no meaning otherthan to say they are male. But women must choose among three, each of them marked. A woman whochecks the box for ―Mrs.‖ or ―Miss‖ communicates not only whether she has been married but also thatshe has conservative tastes in forms of address, and probablyother conservative values as well. Checking ―Ms.‖ declines to let on about marriage (whereas ―Mr.‖ declines nothing since nothing was asked), butit also marks the woman who checks it on her form as either liberated or rebellious, depending on theattitudes and assumptions of the one making the judgment.I sometimes try to duck these variously marked ch oices by giving my title as ―Dr.‖ – and thereby riskmarking myself as either uppity (hence sarcastic responses like ―Excuse me!‖) or an over-achiever (hencereactions of congratulatory surprise, like ―Good for you!‖). （?翻译时注意原文的语气，否则就可能不准确。
listen this way第四册第4单元听力材料
Unit 4 Loans for the DreamPart ⅠGetting readyA. The following words will appear in this unit. Listen carefully and study the definitions.1. depreciation:2. overdraft;3. proposition:4. bearing:5. collateral:6. retailer:7. sue;8. mint:9. hoard:10. crunch:B. Listen to the following dialogues. Complete the exercises.Dialogue one: Tick the expenditure items mentioned by the speaker.A. You asked me where all the money goes. It's difficult to say exactly, but obviously we spend a lot of money on groceries. I enjoy cooking, and as we have a large family — four children — our food bill is quite big. We also like eating out — my wife and I probably go out to a restaurant about once a week. Unfortunately, there are no theatres round here, so we don't go to the theatre as much as we'd like. But we do spend money on our hobbies. I like doing jobs around the house —I'm one of the local DIY center's best customers — and I'm very keen on sailing — that's a very expensive hobby. I'm also very interested in antiques, especially clocks. You must let me show you my collection one day ...B. I'd like that. I wanted to ask you about holidays. Do you usually go abroad or stay in this coutry?A. We usually stay here. In fact, we spend very little on holidays. We have a small house near the sea and we usually go there. That's where I do my sailing. We did go away for a week last year, but that was exceptional.Dialogue two: Complete the chart. Use ticks to indicate whether the expenditures on those items are up, down or the same as last year. Supply the figures mentioned.A: So how much did we spend on entertainment this year?B: 2566.A: That's down a little on last year. And what's the figure for depreciation?B: 300, the same as last year.A: Hm, expenditure on secretarial expenses is up.B: Yes, there's a big increase there.A: What's the figure of 2612 for?B: Where's that?A: Six figures down.B: That's motor expenses.A: And what does this figure represent?B: Audit and accountancy costs.A: They're both up a lot.B: Yes, but expenditure on telephone and postage is down.It's half as much as last year.Part ⅡRaising money for buying a carA. Listen to the dialogue. Take notes. Then complete the summary.B: Well, good afternoon, Mr. Jackson.J: Good afternoon. I've come to see you to see whether it's possible to ... get an overdraft. I'm (I)want some money. [Yes] I'll tell you quite frankly what it is. I'm wanting to buy a new car. [Yes] I don't know whether it's possible to raise any money from the bank in this way.B: Er, I see no reason why not.J: I've got an old car ...B: What's your proposition?J: Well, I've got this old car which is an eight-year-old Morris 1000, and I don't think there's any point in having it repaired any more because it just isn't worth it. I feel that I could probably get about a hundred pounds for it and then that means that I would need about another four hundred-odd, three hundred and fifty ... [Mhm] er, on top of that, to buy a, a, not a new car exactly, but a newer one. [Mhm] Um, ...B: Do you use the car for your business, for your work?J: Er; yes I do, up to a point. That is to say, sometimes I take it to work and sometimes I don't, because I'm almost within walking distance of the College. [Mhm] Does this have some bearing on the, on the question of whether I can get an overdraft?B: No, I don't think so. I, er, it was just a matter of interest that I asked you, really. You think three hundred and fifty?J: I would say about three hundred and fifty to four hundred. With the other, with the other [Yes] hundred pounds then it would be about, er, five hundred pounds; well, one can get quite a decent car for five hundred pounds [Quite] — second hand, of course.B: Quite. And what sort of period of time could you repay us?J: Well, erm, this rather depends on you. Um, I would like to ... I, er, what is the normal procedure for such a sum of money?B: Well, for such a sum of money we could expect repayment within twenty-four months.J: Two years.B: Two years.J: I see.B: We are lenders in the short term, remember, not long term.J: Yes. Er, is there ... Do you, do I pay interest on this?B: You will pay interest on — well, the type of loan I have in mind is a Personal Loan, as I assume you've got no form of collateral to offer.J: What is — what is collateral?B: Well, have you any shares in any companies or life policies, deeds of houses, or anything like that?J: I have some Government Securities, is ... would this be ... sufficient?B: You have some Government Securities, and what is their value?J: Er, it's about ...B: Have you got the certificates?J: ... eight hundred pounds or so.B: About eight hundred pounds?J: Yes, but I don't want to ...B: You don't want ...J: ... cash them.B: No. No, well you wouldn't ... that wouldn't involve you in cashing them. I could grant you an Ordinary Loan where the interest to you would be less than on a Personal Loan, if you were willing to charge that Share Certificate to us.J: Yes. I see, um, er, is it, is it possible to er ... what's ... that, that would be the only security which you would need, in fact?B: I shouldn't need any other security, other than that ... [I see] not on a loan, not on a loan of that size. Or if you would agree to do it on a Personal Loan basis which [cough] I would not require any security whatever, as on a Personal Loan we have death cover and you are in regular employment, er, in, er, good-salaried employment, with a with a good, with a good salary, therefore I would not ask you for erm, any security. [Yes. Yes.] But the interest rate would be higher than on an Ordinary Loan. [Yes] I should charge you seven percent on a Personal Loan and that's on the original amount taken, whereas on an Ordinary Loan it would be at one and a half percent over Bank Rate, minimum six percent, and that would be calculated on a, on a day-to-day basis, so it does in fact work out cheaper.J: I see. Yes.B. Now try this: listen to a more authentic version of the dialogue. First complete the chart to show the differences between the two loans. Then try to find the English equivalents of the Chinese expressions listed.Part ⅢHousing in the U.S.A. Listen to the material. Complete the outline. Then give the right words according to the explanations.In the U.S. today, the cost of housing is very high. It is common to pay one fourth to one third of a family's income on the place to live. The price of a house depends on its size and location. Big houses are more expensive than smaller ones. And houses closer to the center of big cities are more expensive than ones in the suburbs or in small towns.Regardless of the cost, it's usual for people to buy their houses over a period of time. When a family buys a house, it is necessary to borrow money from a bank to pay for it. Then they repay the bank in regular payments. This kind of bank loan is called a mortgage. Families can take 30 years to pay off the mortgage. Without a mortgage, it would be impossible for most people to own their houses.Many Americans don't own their own homes. They pay landlords to live in their homes. The money they pay for this is called rent. Usually it is cheaper to rent than it is to buy and to pay a mortgage. Also when something needs to be repaired, it is easy for the renter to ask the landlord to fix it.Some people rent houses, but most renters live in apartments. Apartment buildings are located in cities where it is too costly to build houses. Recently, it has become common for renters to buy their apartments. When this happens, the cost usually increases, but the money goes to pay off the mortgage. Apartments bought this way are called condominiums.Part ⅣMore about the topic: Consumer RightsA. Listen to an interview about consumer rights under English law. While listening for the first time, add more key words in the left-hand column. After the second listening, use key words to answer the questions.P - Presenter D - Dave WattsP: Many consumers are unaware of their rights in buying goods from shops and stores. Dave Watts of the Office of Fair Trading is here to explain exactly what your rights are under English law. Dave, first of all, what are the Acts that give the buyer rights?D: Well, Sandy, there are two Acts: there's the Sale of Goods Act and the Trades Descriptions Act and both cover the rights of a buyer in contracts that he or she enters into with traders.P: And ... um ... who are the "traders" exactly?D: Well, "traders" means any shop, doorstep salesman, street market stall or mail order firm.P: And so what is a "contract" then in ... in this respect?D: Well, if you buy anything from a trader, you have in fact entered into a contract with him.P: And do traders have obligations?D: Yes, they have three main obligations. The first one is that the goods are "of merchantable quality" ...P: Er ... hang on, what does "merchantable" mean?D: Well, that means "fit for the purpose", bearing in mind the price that you've paid for it, the nature of the goods and how they're described. For example, a pair of shoes which fall apart after two weeks' normal wear are not of merchantable quality. Very cheap or secondhand goods needn't be top quality but they must still fulfill this obligation. And the second obligation is that the goods are "fit for any particular purpose made known to the seller". And the third one is that the goods are "as described".P: "As described"?D: Yes, on the package or as illustrated or described on a display sign, or verbally by the seller himself.P: And ... um ... if you think you have cause for complaint, what should you do?D: Well, you must take the item back to the shop, unless it's too large or fragile to move, in which case the trader must collect it from you. And you'll be entitled to all or part of your money back, a cash refund, plus compensation for any loss or personal injury.P: Instead of taking it back to the shop, would it be a good idea to send it to the manufacturer?D: No, definitely not. It's the retailer's responsibility. But you could sue the manufacturer if you've suffered personal injury, say.P: Oh, and what about receipts — should you keep them or doesn't it matter if you throw them away?D: Well, the purpose of keeping receipts is so that you have some evidence of your purchase and also of the date of the purchase, which sometimes is very important. But the retailer's not within his rights to say "No refunds without a receipt".P: Suppose a retailer refuses to give a refund for faulty goods, even when he legally has to?D: Well, in that case you should go to your local Citizens' Advice Bureau or to the Trading Standards Office, sometimes called the "Consumer Advice Center".P: Oh, I see. And if the worst comes to the worst?D: Well, you may have to go to court and sue the seller for your money or for compensation. But that's very rare, I'm glad to say, as it's more costly for the retailer to defend themselves in court than it is to give you your money back.P: Dave, thank you very much.D: Thank you.B. Now listen again. Decide whether the statements after the interview are true or false. Put "T" or "F" in the brackets.Part ⅤDo you know ...?A Before you listen, answer the following questions.1. Do you like collecting coins?2. Do you think that collecting too many coins will cause a problem?B Now listen to the news report. Complete the chart. Then answer the questions with key words.A penny saved is a penny earned, but too many pennies saved is a big problem for the U.S. Federal Reserve Bank in Philadelphia.Some area stores have been asking customers to dig for exact change as their cash drawers have run short of pennies in recent weeks.Meanwhile, stores and banks have sharply increased their orders for pennies, though no one can point to a reason for a shortage except the accumulations that pile up on dressers, in jars and in piggy banks, Federal Reserve Bank spokesman Bob McCarthy said."People do not take time to put pennies back in their pockets," McCarthy said last Wednesday. "Everyone hoards."As area merchants feel the crunch, some have posted notes at cash registers asking customers for exact change.Chris McDowell, manager of a downtown Wawa Food Market, said he has run short ofpennies several times in the last two weeks, but customers have helped the cashiers cope.Sometimes a cashier will return a little extra money to make the change come out even. At other times a customer will hand over a dollar for a 98-cent item and wave away the change, he said.McDowell said he understood the tendency to pile up pennies."I have a five-gallon (18.93-litre) jug at home that I would say is three-fourths full of pennies. I just don't want to wrap them," he said.McCarthy said a national shortage would be unlikely, since the two U.S. mints in Philadelphia and Denver use most of their capacity producing pennies. He said the Philadelphia mint produces 40 million pennies a day, and the US$500 billion worth of U.S. currency in circulation worldwide includes 200 billion pennies.。
Listen this way听力教程第三册unit4
Unit 4 Reports on Disasters & AccidentsPart I.firebomb/shopping/several /1,000 tornadoescar ferry/ taken over/ Green Action FrontSouth Korea/ 270/ thousandsrobbed/ 5/ lunchtime/ 10,000hurricane/ 100/ twenty/ 100Hijacked/ TuesdayPart II. Hurricanes & tornadoesA. 1. a storm2.about 20003. the winds were up to 75 miles an hour4. the Indian army5. destroyed/links/ collapsed6. more than 40 people7. over 100,000 peopleLarge numbers of villages have been completely cut off. The official said the death toll could reach 2000. the Indian army has been called into help the relief effort. From Deli. Here is David Willis.The storm with winds of up to 75 miles an hour struck India’s southeast coast, flattening homes, destroying crops and cutting transport links. Eyewitnesses reported tidal waves more than 12 feet high. The storm was followed by torrential rains, which swept away roads and railway lines, and flooded low lying areas. More than 40 people are thought to have died when a ferry sank. But most of the deaths have been due to flooding, houses collapsing or elctrocutions. More than 100,000 people have been evacuated from their homes and are taking shelter in relief camps. After surveying the flooded area by helicopter, the chief minister said it resembled a burial ground. He’s appealed to the federal government to treat the incident as a national calamity. David Willis.1. The worst of the heavy rains and thunderstorms appears to be overin parts of EuropeDuring the past weekAffectedAt least fivebecause emergency warnings were issued before.1. c2 b3. d4. bNine hours Greenwich Mean Time. The news read by Wendy Gordon. The worst of the heavy rains and thunderstorms that have been sweeping parts of Europe during the past week appears to be over. Exceptionally heavy rainfall brought flooding to many parts of Germany, Switzerland, Northern Italy and France and chaos to rail and road transport.Although most flights are expected to be back to normal by this time tomorrow, there are expected to be serious delays on the German and Italian motorways over the forthcoming holiday weekend and train services are unlikely to be normalized for several days. A government spokeswoman in Frace announced that the damage to homes and property is expected to be at least four thousand million francs. It is reported that at least five people have lost their lives. Experts agree that casualty figures are low because emergency warnings were issued on the day before the storms began. The federal government in Switzerland has urged motorists and rail travelers not to travel during the next few days and no international traffic will be allowed on the main north-south motorway routes across the country until next Tuesday.Part III. EarthquakesA.Another earthquake, the fifth in three days, hit Japan last night. Hundreds of homes have now been destroyed or badly damaged, and thousands have been made homeless since the earthquakes started. Many of the homeless have begun to make themselves makeshift shelters fom the rubble. Electricity, gas and water supplies have also been seriously disrupted. Experts believe that the country will be hit by more quakes during the next 48 hours.C.I. A. Sunday/ the 23rdB. in southern ItalyII. A. at least 400B. many more than 400III. A. in small towns and villages outside Naples1. hospital2. church3. private homesB. 1. eight or nine2. in the streets or squares3. countryside/ traffic jams4. telephone lines/ 5. electricity and waterIV. A. 1. the fog2. the cold weatherB. roadIt’s eight o’clock on Monday the 24th of November. At least 400 people are feared to have died in a major earthquake which shook large areas of southern Italy last night. As rescue work continues in wide areas of southern Italy it is becoming increasingly more likely that the present toll of 400 dead will rise much higher. The tremors were felt all over Italy, from the French border to Sicily, but the worst damage appears to be in small towns and villages, many of them very isolated, outside Naples. Naples itself has also been badly affected. In a little village about sixty miles east of the city scores of people are thought to have died as the earthquake hit a village hospital and a local church as well as many private homes. It appears that there was an evening service going on in the church at the time.In Naples it was the old part of the city which was worst affected—many buildings of eight or nine stories broke apart and collapsed as the earthquake hit at around 8 p.m. last night. A large proportion of inhabitants spent the night in the open in the streets or squares and as smaller tremors continue, more chaos has ensued as townspeople rush for the countryside, blocking roads and causing traffic jams. Telephone lines have been broken and electricity and water supplies are failing—the fog and cold conditions are making rescue operations very difficult in some of the remoter parts of the south particularly where road conditions are not very good.Our own correspondent has been to the disaster area and sends us this report.Part IV Earthquake TipsDuring an earthquakeWhen you feel an earthquake, duck under a desk or sturdy table. Stay away from windows, bookcases, file cabinets, heavy mirrors, hanging plants, and other heavy objects that could fall. Watch out for falling plaster and ceiling tiles. Stay undercover until the shaking stops, and hold onto your cover. If it moves, move with it. Below are some additional tips forspecific locations:If you are in a high-rise building, and not near a desk or table, move against an interior wall and protect your head with your arms. Do not use the elevators. Do not be surprised if the alarm or sprinkler systems come on. Stay indoors. Glass windows can dislodge during the quake and sail for hundreds of feet.If you’re outdoors, move to a clear area away from trees, signs, buildings, electrical wires and poles.If you’re on a sidewalk near buildings, duck into a doorway to protect yourself from falling bricks, glass, plaster, and other debris.If you’re driving, pull over to the side of the road and stop. Avoid overpasses, power lines, and other hazards. Stay inside the vehicle until the shaking is over .If you’re in a crowded store or other public place, do not rush for exits. Move away from display shelves containing objects that could fall.If you’re in a wheelchair, stay in it. Move to cover, if possible, lock you wheels, and protect your head with your arms.If you’re in the kitchen, move away from the refrigerator, stove, an d overhead cupboards. (Take time now to anchor appliances, and install security latches on cupboard doors to reduce hazards.)If you’re in a stadium or theater, stay in your seat and protect your head with your arms. Do not try to leave until the shaking is over, then leave in a calm, orderly manner. Avoid rushing towards exits.After the earthquake checklist.Be prepared for aftershocks, and plan where you will take cover when they occur.Check for injuries. Give first aid, as necessary.Remain calm and reassure others.Avoid broken glass.Check for fire. Take appropriate actions and precautions.Check gas, water, and electric lines. If damaged, shut off service. If gas is leaking, don ’t use matches, flashlights, appliances, or electric switches. Open windows, leaving building, and report to gas company.Replace all telephone receivers, and use for emergency calls only.Tune to the emergency broadcast station on the radio or television. Listen for emergency bulletins.Stay out of damaged buildings.Part V. do you know…?a2. d3. c4. b5. d6. cthere are three ways to get mushrooms, you can buy them, you can hunt them in the wild or you can grow them. Most Americans buy their mushrooms. They eat them many ways. They eat them uncooked in the salad, they cook them with onions and garlic slowly in butter or oil, or they make a hot soup out of them. People even make mushroom bread.Mushrooms are fungi. They lack the chlorophyll that makes plants green. They grow mainly on dead organic matter such as fallen trees. They are low in calories but high in vitamin B, potassium and niacin. There are hundreds of different kinds of mushrooms. They grow throughout the world. Some of them are very colorful. Most of them are safe to eat. Serious mushroom hunters call the fungi by their scientific names. Many people like to eat mushrooms but have no interest in their names. These people call mushrooms by their popular names such as “slippery Jack” or “chicken fat”.Some mushrooms are poisonous, that is why most Americans buy mushrooms in stores to be sure they are safe to eat. People can get very sick from eating poisonous mushrooms. Some years ago, in Russia, 300 people were rushed to a hospital. They had eaten poisonous mushrooms they had collected. Twenty of them died. That incident, however, was a rare one. Most Russian people know about mushrooms. They are very happy when mushroom hunting time arrives in the late summer and autumn. In August 1990, there was a failed attempt to oust then Russian President Mikhail Gorbachev. However, many people who live in Moscow did not know of the events taking place. They were in the country at the time, searching for mushrooms. During the wild mushroom season in Japan, satellites are used to find Shitokin mushrooms. In France, farmers sometimes use pigs to findmushrooms hidden under the ground. The mushroom reportedly smells like a pig in mating season. Next week, we will tell how to grow your mushrooms. Then , you can eat them throughout the year without the aid of satellites。
listen-this-way4-unit3
Part I Getting readyA.B.Narrator: What would you reply to these people?Man: Well, as I see it, millions of people in the world are worse off than us, but there's nothing we can do about it.Woman: I'd say that if you do have plenty of money, there's no point in spending it on private education for your children.Man: It seems to me that the only way to help the poor in the world is to find ways of helping them to help themselves. … er … not … by … er … giving them free food.Women: If you ask me, taxes for rich people should be really high — 95% or something - so that everyone is at the same economic level.Man: Er … in my view it … it's worth making a lot of money … er … so that you can leave it to your children when you die.Man: Don't you agree that if people are starving or have nowhere to live, it's the duty of better-off people to give them food and shelter?Woman: Look, let's face it, there's only one reason why people work and that's to make as much money as possible.Man: Surely, as long as you've got enough to live on, there's no point in making more and more money.Woman: If you're earning a good salary, surely you should save as much as you can for a rainy day.Man: I must say that one thing is certain: money doesn't buy happiness.C.Narrator: You'll hear some people reacting to various opinions —decide if they are agreeing or disagreeing with the opinions expressed. Pay attention to the tone of voice they use.1. Woman: Aren't you glad you're not a millionaire?Man: Sure!2. Man: Don't you wish you could afford to spend our holidays in the Caribbean?Woman: Mm, ye-es.3. Woman: It's not worth saving your money, it's better to spend it.Man: Oh, sure!4. Man: It's better to be happy than rich.Woman: Hmm.5. Woman: Well, basically, in a job the most important thing is how much you earn.Man: Oh, yes!6. Man: It's really important to save a little money every month — you never knowwhen you might need it.Woman: I don't know about that!7. Man: The only way to survive on a tight budget is to keep a record of all yourexpenses.Man: I don't know about that!8. Woman: Children these days get far too much pocket money.Woman: Mmm!9. Woman: In a family it should be the mother that controls the budget.Woman: Yes!10. Man: If I inherited a lot of money it wouldn't change my life at all.Man: Oh, yes!Part II National teach children to save dayOn Thursday, April 17, "National Teach Children to Save Day," 2 500 bankers will make 5 000 presentations in elementary school classrooms across the country to teach children how to save money."Bankers are committed to investing in the future of children because we want them to be able to make smart financial decisions throughout their lifetime," said American Bankers Association Executive Vice-president Donald G. Ogilvie. "Education and money management skills are keys to a better life." The ABA Education Foundation declared "National Teach Children to Save Day" as a way to show banking industry support for teaching children money management skills and encouraging them to save money for the future. In 1996, Americans saved only 4.9% of their disposable incomes, compared to 1970 when they saved 8%. The Foundation coordinated a great effort with state bankers associations to encourage bankers to participate in "National Teach Children to Save Day." It also prepared a resource kit with tools to help bankers make presentations in classrooms. More than 125 000 students will be part of this national initiative. The ABA Education Foundation also offers tips for parents to foster the savings habit in their children:●Give them an allowance with the understanding that part of it goes into their own savings —a first step towards learning to budget.●To make their savings visible and real, have them build up savings in a piggy bank. Then helpthem open their own bank savings account, and have them make deposits each month.●Use their monthly statements, or the record in their savings passbooks, to show them howtheir money is multiplying.●For every dollar your children earn, encourage them to spend 25 cents on what they want orneed now, put 25 cents away for a bigger-item purchase later and save or invest the rest.(That's a 50% savings rate!)●Make savings and investing fun. Give your children play money to "invest" in stocks they cantrack in local newspapers. If the stocks go up, pay them in more play money; if the stocks decline, they pay you.Part III Credit cardsCredit cards are an important part of American life. Whether we have a positive or negative image of credit cards, they are an inescapable part of our finances, either now or in the future. Without a credit card, it's just about impossible to rent a car, make a hotel or airline reservation, or even get a membership at a video store. Since credit cards are so important, yet so many people are in financial trouble because of them, we feel education is extremely important. We want to show our customers that credit cards are not toys; they are an important responsibility.A credit card can be used to "charge" things like clothes, tapes or CDs, dinner at a restaurant, or maybe a hotel room while you're on vacation. When you charge something, you are agreeing to pay for your purchase at a later date. Basically, you are buying something now and paying for it later.Credit cards come with a "limit." Let's say your credit card has a limit of $100. That means you can charge up to $100.00 worth of items on your card. You will get a statement in the mail each month that lists the charges you have made. You will also have to make a payment every month that you have a balance owing. Since we're about educating our customers on the realities of credit and credit cards, we're going to be perfectly honest. First, using a credit card can be very expensive. Banks don't offer credit cards just because they like you. They offer them because they make money when customers use credit cards. How do they make money? When you charge something on a credit card, you not only will have to pay for what you bought, but you will also have to pay interest, or a finance charge, if you don't pay your bill in full by the due date. The finance charge is your extra cost for having something now and paying for it later. The interest rate on a credit card can be 15% or even higher. If, however, you pay your bill in full every month by the due date, you do not have to pay interest. And of course, we highly recommend you do that! It's very easy to make lots of purchases on your card and then be surprised at how quickly they add up when your bill arrives! If you're not careful when you use a credit card, you could find yourself in a lot of debt. And it always takes much longer to pay it off than to spend it. You will also want to be careful about buying things with credit card you wouldn't normally be able to afford. Again, you can get in over your head and end up paying a tremendous amount of interest.However, when used correctly, credit cards can be very helpful. It's sometimes hard to do certain things without a credit card. Credit cards are also helpful for emergencies and are good for travel.Some credit cards even insure your purchase, meaning if something is lost, stolen, or broken, it can be replaced. We believe the best way to become responsible with credit is to learn through hands-on experience. If you begin at a young age with a low limit, you won't be likely to blow it and get in financial trouble later on.Part IV More about the topic: Gulf Between the Rich and PoorA.Woman: In 1998, the United Nation's Human Development Report contains some interesting statistical comparisons about global wealth. For example the reportnotes that the world's three richest people own assets which exceed thecombined growth domestic products of the world's poorest 48 countries. Inanother amazing comparison the report says the statistics show that installingwater and sanitation for all the world's poor would cost roughly the sameamount of money as is spent annually on ice-cream in Europe. It also notes thatbasic education for everyone would cost slightly less than is spent annually forcosmetics in the United States. What's wrong with this picture? The author of anew book entitled Luxury Fever says the answer is "spending priorities". RobertFrank, a professor of economics at Cornell University in Ithyca, New York haswritten a book which says Americans are spending so much of their income onever larger houses and cars that they can't afford to spend on social programs orinfrastructure repairs.Frank: It's a strange position really when you look back on it. Over the last 25 years, we've been spending much more on building larger houses, we've beenspending vastly more on automobiles. People in the middle of the incomedistribution don't have any more money in terms of real purchasing power thanthey did 25 years ago. People near the bottom of the income distribution haveeven less than they had. People at the top of course have done spectacularlywell. There's been about a doubling in the real purchasing power that has beenexperienced by the top 1% of earners. So naturally, people at the top find it aperfectly reasonable thing to do to buy bigger houses or more expensive cars.But that's of the chain of imitative spending all the way down the income ladder,and many of the people in the middle who feel they desperately need largerhouses because others have them really could be spending their money in otherways if we look back.Woman: The time required as you put it to earn enough money to pay for a larger house could be used and could be freed up to use for family and friends.Frank: Well that's true. There is always a cost of buying more things. Instead of buildinga bigger house or buying a more expensive car, I can work fewer hours andspend time with family and friends. And what the behavioral studies show veryclearly is that if everyone did that, people would be happier. They'd have fewerdisputes of work. They'd have lower levels of stress hormones in their blood.They get sick less often. They die at an older age. (To) sum it up, there is no freelunch. If we spend more on one thing, that always means spending less onanother. And the best evidence we have such as that rich and poor life would beboth healthier and happier if we rearranged our spending patterns in theseways.B.Woman 1: Another economist and author, however, see the positive side to the increased prosperity of Americans. W. Michael Cox is the vice president of theFederal Reserve Bank of Dallas, Texas. And his book is entitled Myths of Richand Poor. Mr. Cox disputes the widely held notion that there's a huge gapbetween the rich and poor in America. He says all Americans are better offthan they were 30 years ago.Woman 2: Technological advances have created hundreds of gadgets that did not exit 30 years ago. Mr. Cox contains in his new book, appliances like cellular andcordless phones, computers, answering machines, microwave ovens. He saysthese new inventions make life today both easier and more pleasurable. Andhe says these conveniences are available to a broader cross-section of thegeneral public in the United States than in any other country in the world.That's because improvements in productivity and the openness of the U.S.market has made them affordable for just about anybody.Cox: Today of all the people in poverty in America, almost 3/4 have washing machines, half have clothes dryers, 97% have color televisions, 3/4 have VCRs,2/3 have microwaves and air conditioners, 3/4 own their own automobile, 40%own their own home, half have stereo systems.Part V Do you know…?Europe ranks as the most expensive region in the world in the latest survey by a prestigious London research group, the Economist Intelligence Unit.Seven of the world's 10 most expensive cities are in Europe, according to the report released Monday.The Economist Intelligence Unit ranks Oslo as the third most expensive city in the world. Other European cities in the top 10 include Zurich, Copenhagen, Geneva, Paris, Reykjavik and London. Tokyo and Osaka remain on top of the list, as they have for a decade. Hong Kong ranked fifth. The editor of the report, Bill Ridgers, says strong European currencies, led by the euro, account for the continent's high cost of living."We've seen an increase in the relative cost of living in the euro-zone countries as the euro has appreciated against the U.S. dollar, the prices have become relatively more expensive. And the flip side to that is that we've seen U.S. cities actually slipping down in the list because they are becoming relatively cheaper as the dollar becomes slightly weaker," Mr. Ridgers said.New York City has dropped out of the top 10, and now ranks as the 13th costliest city. Latin American cities also have slipped down the ranks amid persistent economic turmoil in the region.Mexico City is in 56th place and Sao Paulo is 120th, just fourth from the bottom of the list. Tehran remains the world's cheapest city, with a cost of living less than one-quarter that of Tokyo. The Economist team checks prices of a wide range of items, from bread and milk to cars and utilities, to compile the semi-annual cost of living report.Business clients use the service to calculate the amount of allowances granted to overseas executives and their families.。
Listenthisway4(第三版)Unit2
You are going to hear some people giving their opinions about wealth and poverty. What would you reply to these people? The following expressions are for your reference only.
Learning focus
The forms of some exercises in this unit deserve your attention. For example, the flow cart in Part I B, the key point summary in Part II A are all good presentations of summaries that put some relatively complex ideas and relationships in a very simple and clear way.
8.Woman:Children these days get far too much pocket money. Woman: Mmm!
9.Woman:In a family it should be the mother that controls the budget. Woman: Yes!
I agree + reason That's right/true, because... Yes, absolutely! I couldn't agree more... That's just what I think. You've got a point there.
大学英语听说教程4听力原文Unit5
⼤学英语听说教程4听⼒原⽂Unit5Unit5PartBHow Our Memory WorksTry to imagine a life without a memory. It would be impossible. You couldn't use a language, because you wouldn't remember the words. You couldn't understand a film, because you need to hold the first part of the story in your mind in order to understand the later parts. You wouldn't be able to recognize anyone - even members of your own family. You would live in a permanent present. You would have no past and you wouldn't be able to imagine a future.Human beings have amazing memories. Apart from all our personal memories about our own lives, we can recall between 20,000 and 100,000 words in our own language as well as possibly thousands more in a foreign language. We have all sorts of information about different subjects such as history, science, and geography, and we have complex skills such as driving a car or playing a musical instrument. All these things and countless others depend on our memory.How well you remember things depends on many different factors. Firstly, some people naturally have better memories than others, in just the same way as some people are taller than others, or have different color eyes. Some top chess players, for example, can remember every move of every game that they have ever seen or played.Secondly, research shows that different things are stored in different parts of the brain. Ideas, words, and numbers are stored in the left-hand side, while the right-hand side remembers images, sounds, and smells. In most people one side of the brain is more developed than the other, and this may explain why some people can remember people's faces easily, but can't remember their names.Thirdly, we all remember exciting, frightening, or dramatic events more easily. This is because these experiences produce chemicals such as adrenaline, which boost your memory. They say that anyone who is old enough to remember knows exactly where they were on Tuesday, September 11, 2001, when radio and TV programs around the world were interrupted with the shocking news that the twin towers of the World Trade Center in New York were hit.Fourthly, the context in which you learn something can affect how well you remember it. Tests on divers, for example, showed that when they learned things underwater, they could also remember those things best when they were underwater.Lastly, the more often you recall a memory the more likely you are to remember it. If you don't use it, you'll lose it. A telephone number that you dial frequently will stay in your memory easily, but you will probably have to write down one that you use only now and again.Questions:1. What does the passage mainly tell us?2. What can be inferred from the passage?3. Which of the following is stated to be true?4. Why can we remember exciting, dramatic, or frightening events better?PartCAdditional ListeningsTechniques to Help Us Remember BetterWe all have problems remembering things, but there are some techniques that you can use to help you remember.First of all, remember the names and jobs of the people and where they come from. Here, the best thing is to imagine images of the people and the names that you want to remember. And you should try to think of funny images as they are easier to remember. For example, we have Tom the student from Australia. Well, for Tom you might imagine a tomato. Then Australia has a shape a bit like a dog. Now let's imagine it's a very clever dog and is studying. So imagine Tom's face as a tomato and he's with a dog and the dog is reading a book. So now we have a picture of Tom the student from Australia.Now let's take the numbers. The best thing to do here is to break a large number up into smaller numbers and then think of things that the numbers remind you of, such as a birthday, a particular year, the number of a house. Or with a number like 747 you might think of a jumbo jet -- a Boeing 747.With the directions, the best thing is to imagine yourself following the directions. Create a picture in your mind of yourself going down the street. Count the turnings 1, 2, ... Then turn left. Now imagine going past a supermarket and a cinema and so on.When you have to remember lists of words, try to build them into a story. So with our words we might start with, 'The sun was shining, so I went for a walk. I saw a horse wearing trousers. It was kicking some bananas over a television. The bananas landed in a bag.' And so on. Again the funnier the story, the better.Try some of these techniques and you'll be amazed at what you can remember.Questions:1. How many techniques are mentioned in the talk?2. Why should we imagine a dog in order to remember that Tom is from Australia?3. What should we do to remember a large number?4. How can we remember the directions to a certain place?5. How can we remember lists of words?PartDImprove Your MemoryTo many people advancing age means losing your hair, your waistline and your memory. But is it an inescapable fact that the older you get, the less you remember? Well, as time goes by, we tend to blame age for problems that are not necessarily age-related.When a teenager can't find her keys, she thinks it's because she's distracted or disorganized, but a 70-year-old blames her memory. In fact, the 70-year-old may have been misplacing things for decades -- like we all do from time to time.In healthy people, memory doesn't deteriorate as quickly as many of us think. According to psychologists, as we age, our memory mechanism isn't broken, it's just different. The brain's processing time slows down over the years, though no one knows exactly why. Recent research suggests that nerve cells lose efficiency and that there's less activity in the part of the brain that decides whether to store information or not. But it's not clear that less activity is worse. A beginning athlete is winded more easily than a trained athlete. In the same way, as the brain gets more skilled at a task, it spends less energy on it.There are steps you can take to improve your memory, though you have to work to keep your brain in shape. It's like having a good body. You can't go to the gym once a year and expect to stay in top form.Some memory enhancement experts suggest using the AM principle. Pay attention to whatyou want to remember. Then give some meaning to it. We remember things when we focus on them, whether we intend to or not. That helps explain why jingles stick in our minds. They are played on loud, flashy TV commercials. They also use rhyme and music to help us remember better.Basic organization helps us remember the boring stuff. For example, rather than trying to recall a random list of groceries, we can divide them into categories, such as dairy, meat, and produce. For important things like keys and money, we can set up a "forget-me-not" spot where we always keep them.We can also eat to aid our memory power. Whole grains, fruits and vegetables are excellent sources of glucose, the brain's preferred fuel. Another low-tech way to improve memory is to get adequate rest. Sleep may allow our brain time to encode memories.Interest in friends, family and hobbies does wonders for our memory. A sense of passion or purpose helps us remember. Memory requires us to pay attention to our lives, allowing us to discover in them everything worth remembering. Statements:1. It is not always true that the older you get, the less you remember.2. It can be inferred from the passage that memory problems are not really age-related.3. As we get older, our memory mechanism is broken, and so cannot be the same as it was before.4. Scientists have discovered that memory loss is caused by lack of activity in the part of the brain that decides what information to store.5. You must work hard to keep your brain active, just as you work hard to keep yourself in shape.6. In the AM principle, the letters A and M most likely refer to attention and memory respectively.7. A right choice of food and plenty of rest help improve our memory.8. Memory requires us to have purpose or passion in what we do.。
Listen this way听力教程第四册02
Listen this way听力教程第四册02PART 1TEXT BTypescript:A: Good morning. I‟d like some in formation about tourist figures, please. First, about accommodation. What proportion of tourists stay in hotel?B: Well, in an average year 20% of tourists stay in holiday camps, but this year 45%are staying in holiday camps.A: Now, about places visited. What proportion of tourists visit Europe?B: Well, in an average year 80% of tourists visit Europe, but this year 60% are visiting Europe.A: And what proportion of tourists visit the U.S.A.?B: Well, in an average year 15% of tourists visit the U.S.A., but this year 30% are visiting the U.S.A.A: Now, about methods of transport. What proportion of tourists go by plane?B: Well, in an average year about 70% of tourists go by plane, but this year about 50% are going by plane.A: What proportion of tourists takes their own car?B: Well, in an average year about 20% of tourists take their own car, but this year about 30% are taking their own car.A: Thank you very much for your help.TEXT CTape script:C----clerk T-----touristC: … so here‟s a brochure with the hotels in Midford. It gives you all the rates…T: I‟m sorry, my English isn‟t so good. Can you explain this to me?C: Yes, of course. First of all we have the Castle Inn…here…it‟s the cheapest. It will cost you only ￡12 for a single room and ￡15 for a double. The price includes continental breakfast. If you want a full English breakfast you‟ll have to pay extra…T: What is this “English breakfast”?C: Oh, you know, hot food: fried egg, fried bacon, porridge…whereas the continental breakfast is coffee, tea, rolls, jam and honey---nothing cooked, you see.T: I think I would prefer the continental breakfast.C: Well, yes, that‟s included. And then we h ave the Dalton Hotel., more expensive, but very nice, a bathroom attached to every room. The Dalton charges ￡30 for a single room and ￡60 for a double. But there is no charge for children under 12 who stay in the same room as their parents.T: I won‟t have my children with me. But maybe my husband will come a little later…C: Well, the Park Hotel is very reasonably priced. ￡16 per person. Every room has a bath. There‟s a special rate of ￡25 which includes dinner, bed and breakfast---what we call half board. Or you can have full board, that‟s the room plus all meals for ￡29 per person per night.T: We would only want breakfast.C: I see. Mm…you could try the fourth hotel here, the Phoenix. It will cost you ￡28 for a double room with bath. Breakfast is ￡5 per person.T: Yes. But what about the extra money, what do you call it in English, the service…C: All these rates include a service charge of 10%. They also include V A T---that‟s V alue Added Tax.T: If we come later in the year will it be cheaper?C; Y es. These are the rates for June to September. Y ou would pay less at other times of the year.T: I‟ll talk about it with my husband. Thank you for explaining everything to me.C: Y ou‟re very welcome.PART 2Tape scripts:Bev Rose is a very good hostess. She tells the guests in her home there are sodas in the refrigerator, snacks in the kitchen, and videos next to the TV.But Rose‟s guests aren‟t out-of-town family or friends. Her guests are from all over the world. Rose‟s house is like a small hotel. It is called a bed and breakfast or B&B for short. The name of Rose‟s B&B IS suits Us.Rose and her husband have joined a growing number of people who are operating B&B I their homes. B&BS offer the charm, comfort, and hospitality that is often missing in big hotel. That‟s why there are many people who would rather stay at a B&B than a hotel when they travel.There are about 15000 B&Bs across the U.S. each year they welcome millions of visitors. And the number is increasing. “I think guess are looking for the personal touch,” said Pat Hardy, the director of the American bed and Breakfast Association. “in a B&B, you don‟t have a room number. The owner knows who you are and helps you enjoy your trip,” hardy said. Travelers often want more than just a place to sleep. They like B&Bs because the owner takes a personal interest in them.Rose said one of the best things about owning a B&B is meeting all the different people. She loves watching the guests meet each other for the first time at breakfast. “it‟s really fun to stand in the kitchen and talk with my guests. Even though most of them have just met for the first time, the conversations at the breakfast table are really interesting and lively.”Many B&Bs are older homes with interesting histories. Suits Us was built in 1883. The rooms are filled with antiques and 19th-century decorations. The roses rent three of the upstairs bedrooms to guests. Every room at suits Us has its own personality. The Roses have named several of the rooms for previous guests. For example, one of the rooms is named the Woodrow Wilson Room because the former U.S. President stayed there. Another room is called the Annie Oakley Room because the famous cowgirl was once a guest there.Bed and breakfasts aren‟t for everyone. Some people aren‟t comfortable staying in someone else‟s home. And other people don‟t care for the personal interactio n. But for a quiet, romantic place to stay, many people are checking into bed and breakfast instead of hotels. Once people have stayed in a B&B, they often find it hard to go back to hotels.PART 3A-----Agent C-------CustomersA: Good afternoon. U-Drive-It rentals. May I help you?C: Hi, yeah. I‟m interested in, uh, renting a car for the weekend, and I‟m wondering if you have a special weekend rate?A: Y es, we do. [Mm-hmm.] Uh…what sort of car were you interested in?C: well. We‟re a family of three and we have camping equipment. Now, I‟m used to driving a small car, but I might need something a little larger because of the family and, uh…all the equipment that we have.A; Well, um…I could suggest a compact car for/to you. [Mm-hmm.] Some of our compacts have…have large trunks, [OK.] or, uh…Oh, better yet, why not a small station wagon? [Oh, good.] Um… all our cars are current models and, uh, have automatic transmission.C: Oh, well, I‟m used to driving a standard, but I guess there‟s no problem with automatic transmission.A; No, no. If you can drive a standard you can drive an automatic. [Mh-hmm.] Uh, now, listen, when were you…uh.. interested in …in renting this?C: Uh, well, we‟ll be leaving on Friday, that‟s the …let‟s see, that‟s Friday, July 7th, and then returning on the Monday. That would be the tenth.A; Mm-hmm. Well, let‟s see…uh…we have…uh…Oh! We have a Pinto station wagon for those dates. [Mm-hmm. Good.] Um…year, I think …I think that‟s your best bet.C: Ok. Uh…well, then when would we have to pick up the car and when would we have to return thee car to get that special weekend rate?A: Well, for the weekend rate you have to pick up the car after four o‟clock on Friday afternoon [Uh-huh.] and then return it by ten o‟clock on Monday mor ning.C: After four on Friday and returning by ten o‟clock on Monday morning. [Mm-hmm.] OK. What…uh.. uh, what would be the price for that?A: OK, now, our…our regular rate is seventy-nine ninety-five. [Ooh!] but the special weekend rate w…you can get th at for fifty-nine ninety-five. [Oh, Great.] Um…now the first three hundred miles are free. [Mm-hmm..] after that it‟s twelve cents per mile.C: Oh, so it‟s twelve cents a mile extra after the first three hundred miles?A: That‟s right.C: OK. Uh…do you have any…um…rentals with unlimited mileage?A: Well, we do, but you can‟t get that special weekend rate.C: Uh-huh. OK. Well, then does the fifty-nine ninety-five---that was the rate, right?[Mm-hmm.]---does that include insurance?A No…um…the insurance is ten dollars more, but I really recommend it.C: Y eah.A: OK, now there‟s a…there‟s a sales tax of eight percent, [Mm-hmm…] and…um…you have to return the car with a full tank of gas. [Uh-huh.] Also, we require a deposit of a hundred dollars.C: Oh boy. It sure adds up!A: Well, our rates are still the lowest in town.C: Uh-huh. OK. Well, I tell you what. I‟d like to think about it, if that‟s right. And then I‟ll call you back…uh…A: Sure, that‟s fine. Uh, listen, when you…when you do call back, ask for Doug.. That‟s me.PART 4Tape script:S------Secretary M------ManagerS: If the terms are favorable, we could come to an arrangement for regular accommodation. Now, I wanted to discuss the types of room with you, and rates for their use.M: Cert ainly. The rates I‟ll quote to you first of all are what we call “rack rates”, that is the normal rates quoted to the public. But obviously we would discuss a discount rate for you. Now, as regards the rooms, they are all of a very high standard. All our rooms have central heating. Most of them are with bathroom, and they all have a washbasin and a toilet.S: That sounds fine. Can you tell me about your single rooms?M: Y es. Our single rooms are very comfortable, and the rates are very reasonable. I think you‟d find them suitable for visiting staff of all grades. The rack rate is ￡40 a night.S: ￡40 a night…M: Yes. Or for real economy, let‟s suppose you have a sales you have a sales conference. Y ou could double up your sales staff and put them into twin rooms. That would work out very cheaply. The normal rate is ￡55 per twin or double room per night.S: Well, we might consider that possibility. But we also have some quite important visitorssometimes. Have you any really special accommodation we can offer them?M: Well, suppose you have visiting managerial staff. For something more luxurious, we can offer our Delphos Suite. It‟s delightful, and convenient for entertaining private guests. It has its own private terrace where guests can sit outside and enjoy the view over the lake…S: That sounds most attractive…M: The normal rate is ￡150 per night…S: ￡150.M: … but for total luxury, the finest accommodation of any hotel on this area, I can recommend our Bella Vista penthouse. From the balcony, there …s a magnificent view over the whole countryside.S: Oh, lovely.M: It has a bedroom connecting to large sitting room, with a separate study, a bathroom, and a fully-fitted kitchen. It combines total luxury with total privacy. For example, if your Company Director and his wife wanted to stay for a few days it would be ideal.S: And the rate?M: The normal rate would be￡220 a night.PART 5Tapescript:Five U.S. hotels were among the world‟s top ten, with the Halekulani in Honolulu ranking first,a survey of Gourmet magazine readers released last Friday said.Coming in second was the Oriental, in Bangkok, Thailand, f ollowed by Villad‟ Este, Cernobbio, Italy; the Regent Hong Kong, and Hotel Ritz, Paris.The Greenbriar, in White Sulphur Springs, West V irginia ranked No.8 The 10th-ranked hotel was the Four Seasons Resort Nevis, in Charlestown, Nevis, West Indies.More than 150 hotels, resorts and inns in 27 countries and regions were ranked in general and specific categories that rated such things as dining, bars, pools, workout centers and romantic atmosphere. This is the third year that Gouemet, which has more than 5 million readers has conducted the survey.Another U.S. hotel, the Mansion on Turtle Creek in Dallas, topped the list for restaurant dining, beating out the Connaught in London, Italy‟s Villa d‟Este and Bangkok‟s the Oriental. The Four Seasons in Philadelphia was No.5.In the specific category of best business hotels, the Regent Hong Kong ranked first as it has for the past three years. In other categories, Paris‟ Hotel Ritz with its Roman thermal baths was voted to have the best pools and the Green briar in West Virginia was found to have the best workout center, golf and tennis。
英语听力教学中分阶段Note-taking and Gap-filling练习的设计
162018年52期总第440期ENGLISH ON CAMPUS一、Note-taking and Gap-filling 对听力教学的意义英语听力教学中，为了帮助学生理解听力文本，突出主要信息，通常会采用填空、选择、判断、填表等基础阶段听力教学常用的练习形式。
Note-taking and Gap-filling(以下称NTGF)是另一种常用的练习形式，侧重于考查学生对听力文本的综合理解以及分析文本的深层结构的能力，体现了《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》对于较高层次听力的要求。
(指导委员会英语组：9-10)在听力教材和测试中，因听力文本的复杂程度不同，形式也要有所变化，主要表现在听力文本性质，练习文本结构层次和每一空行中所填单词数等方面。
二、听力不同阶段的要求和NTGF 练习设计1.英语听力教学不同阶段的要求。
英语专业不同阶段对听力文本的体裁和难度提出了不同的要求，在基础阶段主要解决“听懂”的问题，即通过大量反复听习，培养对语音文本的敏感性，通过各种形式的练习和词汇表帮助学生基本听懂听力材料。
在英语学习听力的高级阶段，要处理的是听懂的材料里信息结构的问题，此时除了继续扩充听力用词汇外，听力课解决的是分析听力文本的问题，以应付较高层次的听力测试要求。
在听力发展的不同阶段，NTGP练习都能起到相当作用，但对应听力认知特点和教学要求也应采取不同的设计形式。
2.从主流英语听力教材到高级别英语听力测试中NTGF的形式演变。
(1)《Listen This Way3》中的NTGF练习。
以主流英语听力教材《Listen This Way3》中一篇关于加拿大的NTGP练习为例(张民伦：31-32)。
Outlining CanadaA brief introduction of Canada Size: _second only to the former Soviet UnionPopulation: 26 million people Area:the Great Lakes in the southThe Rocky Mountains in the west ...VI. The monetary system in CanadaA. The unit of currency:the Canadian dollarB. Banking hours: 10.a.m. to 3 p.m. Monday to Thursday, till later on Fridays.类似的练习贯穿于《listen this way 3》教材中，文本主要为事实性文本，练习提纲分两到三个层次，每个空填词不限，基本是照录原文内容细节。
listentothis英语中级听力教程Listen05
以下是为⼤家整理的listen to this英语中级听⼒教程Listen05，供⼤家参考，希望会对您有所帮助！ Herbert Wilson and his wife went to the Isle of Wight for their summer holiday. But they were by no means pleased with their hotel. As soon as they returned home, Herbert decided to write to the Manager of Happytours.Herbert: Can you spare a moment, dear? I want you to listen to this letter.Margaret: Go ahead, then.Herbert: Dear Sir, my wife and I arrived home last night after a holiday arranged by your firm, in Jersey. We stayed at the hotel described in your brochure as a comfortable, medium sized hotel, with a magnificent view of the sea, offering courteous, old fashioned service and excellent food, served in a relaxed friendly atmosphere.Margaret: Yes, that's what the brochure said.Herbert: In fact the hotel is situated at least half a mile from the sea. Our room overlooked a car park ...Margaret: Through the gates of which motor vehicles were constantly arriving or departing.Herbert: Yes, that's good. The food was strictly beef burgers and chips or fish and chips. Wine was available, but at exorbitant prices, and as for the courteous, old fashioned service, the majority of the staff were foreign and virtually incapable of speaking or understanding the English language.Margaret: Yes, that's quite true.Herbert: In addition to this, we were most unhappy with the arrangements for our journey home. We were instructed to catch the 11:00 am ferry ...Margaret: Wasn't it 12:00?Herbert: No, 11:00 ... but this was apparently delayed and we did not get away till 6 o'clock in the evening. Now that our holiday is over, it seems fairly pointless writing this letter, but I should like you to know that we were most disappointed with the hotel and travel arrangements and shall certainly not be booking any future holidays through Happytours. Yours faithfully, Herbert Wilson.Margaret: Yes dear, that's a very good letter.Miss Bush is talking to a travel agent in London.Travel Agent: Good morning. Can I help you?Miss Bush: Hello. Er, my name's Miss Bush and I'm intending to go to a conference in Sydney for three weeks.Travel Agent: I see. Er, do you want the excursion fare or the full return fare.Miss Bush: Now, can I get a stopover on an excursion fare?Travel Agent: Yes, you're allowed only one stopover on the excursion fare.Miss Bush: Oh, only one.Travel Agent: Yes. But of course, if you pay the full return fare then you can have unlimited stopovers.Miss Bush: Oh that's much better. Yes. You see, the thing is that I've got two weeks' holiday after the conference and I've never been out that way before at all to Australia or the Far East, and I, I wanted to go, you know, shopping or seeing Hong Kong or India or somewhere round there.Travel Agent: Yes. Uhum.Miss Bush: Um, where exactly can I go?Travel Agent: Well, lots of places. There's Singapore or um, Teheran, Kuwait, Athens, you've really got quite a lot of choice you know.Miss Bush: Mm. Well, it sounds marvellous. Um, how much would that cost? How much is the full fare?Travel Agent: The full fare? Well, that's really quite a lot. It's ￡1204.Miss Bush: (laughs) Yes, a thousand two hundred and four. Well, it's once in a lifetime, you know, I've never been.Travel Agent: Mm.Miss Bush: The thing is, actually that, um, I'm absolutely terrified of flying. I've never done it before.Travel Agent: Oh dear. UhumMiss Bush: And er, um, I'm hoping that I can persuade my two friends, who are also going to the conference, to stop over with me on the way back.Travel Agent: Yes, that would be a good idea, yes.Miss Bush: Mm, yes. By the way, one of them's in Cairo at the moment. Would it be possible for me to stop over there on my way to Sydney?Travel Agent: Yes of course. There are plenty of flights to Cairo and, and then plenty more onwards from Cairo to Sydney. And then you can stay, there, in Cairo, for as long as you like.Miss Bush: Oh that's great? Now, the thing is, I think I'd better go and persuade Mr. Adams that, you know, he'd like to stop with me in Cairo ...Travel Agent: I see.Miss Bush: ... go and discuss it with him and then come back to you in a day or two, if that's all right.Travel Agent: Yes. Certainly. Of course, madam.Miss Bush: Oh, thank you very much. OK. Goodbye.Travel Agent: Thank you. Goodbye.Gillian felt slightly uneasy as the porter unlocked the gates and waved her through. St Alfred's Hospital was not an ordinary mental institution. It was the most exclusive institution of its type in the country. You had to be not only mentally ill, but also extremely wealthy to be accepted as a patient. She parked her car outside the main entrance of the imposing eighteenth century building. She paused on the steps to look at the superb ornamental gardens and surrounding parkland. An old man in a white panama hat was watering the flowerbed beside the steps. He smiled at her.Old man: Good afternoon, miss. A lovely day, isn't it?Gillian: Yes, it certainly is.Old man: Are you a new patient?Gillian: Oh, I'm not a patient. I'm just here to do some research.Old man: Will you be staying long?Gillian: I really don't know. I wonder if you could direct me to Dr. Carmichael's office?Old man: Certainly, miss. Just go through the main door, turn left, walk down to the end of the corridor, and it's the last door on the right.Gillian: Thank you very much indeed.Dr. Carmichael was waiting for her. He had been looking forward to meeting his new research assistant. He himself had always been interested in the special problems of long stay patients. Dr. Carmichael was very proud of his hospital and she was impressed by the relaxed and informal atmosphere. She spent the mornings interviewing patients, and the afternoons writing up the results of her research in the gardens. Some of the patients were withdrawn and depressed, some seemed almost normal. Only one or two had to be kept locked up. She found it hard to believe that all of them had been thought too dangerous to live in normal society. She often saw the old man in the panama hat. He spent most of his time working in the gardens, but he always stopped to speak to her. She found out that his name was Maurice Featherstone. He was a gentle and mild-mannered old fellow, with clear, blue, honest eyes, white hair and a pinkish complexion. He always looked pleased with life. She became particularly curious about him, but Dr. Carmichael had never asked her to interview him, and she wondered why. One night, at dinner, she asked about Mr. Featherstone.Dr. Carmichael: Ah, yes, Maurice. Nice old chap. He's been here longer than anybody.Gillian: What's wrong with him?Dr. Carmichael: Nothing. His family put him here thirty-five years ago. They never come to visit him, but the bills are always paid on time.Gillian: But what had he done?Dr. Carmichael: I'll show you his file. It seems that he burnt down his school when he was seventeen. His family tried to keep the incident quiet. Over the next few years there were a number of mysterious fires in his neighbourhood, but the family did nothing until he tried to set fire to the family mansion. He was in here the next day. Maurice never protested.Gillian: And that was thirty-five years ago!Dr. Carmichael: I'm afraid so. If I'd had my way, I'd have let him out years ago.Gillian: But he can't still be dangerous!Dr. Carmichael: No. He's had plenty of opportunities. We even let him smoke. If he'd wanted to start a fire, he could have done it at any time.Gillian was shocked by the story. She became determined to do something about it. She wrote letters to Maurice's family, but never received a reply. He had never been officially certified as insane, and legally, he could leave at any time. Dr. Carmichael was easily persuaded to let her talk to Maurice.Gillian: Maurice, have you ever thought about leaving this place?Maurice: No, miss. I'm very happy here. This is my home. And anyway, I've got nowhere to go.Gillian: But wouldn't you like to go into the village sometimes ... to walk around, to buy your own tobacco?Maurice: I've never thought about it, miss. I suppose it would be nice. But I wouldn't want to stay away for long. I've spent twenty years working on this garden. I know every flower and tree. What would happen to them if I weren't here?Gillian realized that it would be unkind to make him leave the hospital. However, she found out that the next Saturday was his birthday. She arranged with the staff to give him a party. They wanted it to be a surprise and Dr. Carmichael agreed to let him go out for the afternoon. There was a flower show in the village. Maurice left at two o'clock. He seemed quite excited. They expected him to return about four o'clock. The cook had made a birthday cake and the staff had decorated the lounge. Gillian was standing in the window when she saw him. He was early. He was walking up the drive towards the house, whistling cheerfully. Behind him, above the trees, several thick black columns of smoke were beginning to rise slowly into the clear blue sky.1. The student, puzzled about a particular point, decides to ask a question. As so often happens when under pressure, he tends to concentrate most of his attention on the subject matter and he pays practically no attention to the language. Consequently, (pause) he fails to employ the correct question form.2. However, even though the student does employ an appropriate question form, (pause) difficulties may still arise.3. The basic difficulty may, in fact, be one of several different types. It may lie in the student's limited aural perception, in other words, (pause) the student may not have clearly heard what was said.4. Learners of English have, for example, said to me such things as "See me here tomorrow" or "Explain this". Fortunately, asI deal with non-native speakers and as I understand their language problems, I interpret this as inadequacy in the language rather than rudeness. Other teachers, however, (pause) may feel angry at receiving such orders.5. Today I'm going to consider, very briefly, a problem concerned with the competition for land use, that i... that is (pause) whether crops should be used to produce food or to ... should be used to produce fuel.6. A particularly interesting possibility for many developing countries has been the conversion of plant material to alcohol. Th... this is interesting because in many developing countries there is a large agricultural sector, and at the same time (pause) a small indust r i a l s e c t o r . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 1 9 " > T h e S c h o o l H o l i d a y s A r e T o o L o n g T o d a y t h e c h i l d r e n o f t h i s c o u n t r y h a v e a t l a s t r e t u r n e d t o w o r k . A f t e r t w o m o n t h s ' h o l i d a y p u p i l s h a v e s t a r t e d a n e w t e r m . H o w m a n y a d u l t s g e t s u c h l o n g h o l i d a y s ? T w o t o f o u r w e e k s i n t h e s u m m e r a n d p u b l i c h o l i d a y s t h a t ' s a l l t h e w o r k i n g m a n g e t s . A s f o r t h e a v e r a g e w o m a n , s h e ' s l u c k y t o g e t a h o l i d a y a t a l l . C h i l d r e n d o n ' t n e e d s u c h l o n g h o l i d a y s . I n t e r m - t i m e t h e y s t a r t w o r k l a t e r a n d f i n i s h e a r l i e r t h a n a n y o n e e l s e . I n t h e h o l i d a y s m o s t o f t h e m g e t b o r e d , a n d s o m e g e t i n t o t r o u b l e . W h a t a w a s t e ! I f t h e i r o v e r w o r k e d p a r e n t s w e r e g i v e n m o r e f r e e t i m e i ns t e a d , e v e r y o n e w o u l d b e h a p p i e r . T h i s i s n ' t j u s t a n a t i o n a l p r o b l e m e i t h e r i t ' s w o r l d w i d e .D a t e s m a y b e d i f f e r e n t f r o m c o u n t r y t o c o u n t r y , b u t t h e p a t t e r n ' s t h e s a m e . W h y s h o u l d c h i l d r e n d o h a l f a s m u c h w o r k a n d g e t t w i c e a s m u c h h o l i d a y a s t h e i r p a r e n t s ? / p > / d i v > d i v i d = " f l o a t _ b t n " c l a s s = " " b d s f i d = " 1 2 0 " > b u t t o n c l a s s = " f l o a t _ b t n l e f t _ b t n " i d = " c o p y _ b u t t o n " d a t a - c l i p b o a r d - a c t i o n = " c o p y " d a t a - c l i p b o a r d - t a r g e t = " # c o n t e n t - t x t " o n c l i c k = " d o _ c o p y ( ) ; " b d s f i d = " 1 2 1 " > e m c l a s s = " i c o n " b d s f i d = " 1 2 2 " >。
英语听力教程第三版(张民伦主编)Unit5MeetPeoplefromaroundthe听力原文
Listen this way 听力教程第三册-5Unit 5 Meet People from around theWorldPart I Getting readyAudioscript:Presenter：Today Selina Kahn is in the arrival area at Gatwick Airport checking out today's topic -- national stereotypes. Selina ... Selinar：Thanks, John. I have with me Eric, who's just flown in with Virgin Atlantic from the USA.Eric：That's right. I've just come back from New York.Selinar：Is it as dangerous as they say?Eric：No, New York isn't dangerous, no more than any other big city, especially if you're careful and don't advertise the fact thatyou're a tourist.Selinar：And is it true what they say about New Yorkers, that they're rude, and that they only care about themselves?Eric：Well, I found the people were very friendly. However, they do have a reputation for not caring about other people. I think thereason for this is that life in New York is incredibly stressful.People just don't have the time to think about anybody else. Itisn't that they don't care.Selinar：Is there anything else you noticed about New Yorkers? Eric：Two things I had heard about before I went to New York did seem to be true, though. First is that they are always talkingabout money and how much things cost. Secondly, it's thatpeople eat all the time as they go about their daily lives, youknow they "graze on the hoof" as they walk about the streets. Selinar：Thanks Eric, and now I have with me, Sue, who's been to the south of France ...Part II New IcelandersAudioscript:New Zealand is an island country in the South Pacific Ocean about 1 200 miles southeast of Australia. It has about 2 575 000 people. Two thirds live on the North Islands, and one third on the larger South Island. Most of them are of British descent.Almost everyone in New Zealand knows how to read and write. Thegovernment provides free education for children from ages 3 to 19. Education is compulsory for children between the ages of 7 and 15, but most enter school by the age of 5. Young children who live far from schools belong to the Government Correspondence School and listen to daily school broadcasts on the radio.New Zealanders enjoy one of the highest standards of living in the world. There are no people of great wealth, but poverty is practically unknown. The majority of families live in one-story wooden homes. Most families have an automobile, and many have modern home appliances. Because the country is a major producer of sheep and dairy products, meat and butter form a larger share of the diet than is common in other countries. The people are among the world's greatest tea drinkers.Many of the books, magazines, and movies in New Zealand come from the United Kingdom or the United States. But the number of books published in the country is growing rapidly. Musical and theatrical groups come from Europe and North America to perform. The larger cities have radio and television stations. The National Symphony Orchestra gives concerts throughout the country, and there are also opera and ballet companies.New Zealanders enjoy the outdoors, and people of all ages take part in sports. Favorite holiday activities are camping, boating, hunting andfishing. Horse racing draws large crowds to racetracks. Rugby footballis a national game. Other team sports are soccer, cricket, basketball, and field hockey.Statements：1. New Zealand is about 1 400 miles from Australia.2. More people live on the larger South Island than the North Island in New Zealand.3. Most New Zealanders are of British origin.4. Children in New Zealand usually go to school at the age of5.5. Not many New Zealanders have their own cars.6. New Zealanders are fond of drinking a lot of tea.Part III What do you think of Britain？Audioscript: ?Paul comes from Jamaica.Interviewer：What do you think of English food?Paul：English food -- right now, I can enjoy it, but when I first came up from the West Indies, I found it rather distasteful, rather boring,no flavor, no taste.Interviewer：What do you think of the English weather?Paul：The English weather -- I do not think there are enough adjectives to describe (it) -- miserable, cold, damp, changeable,depressing. I think bleak is the best word.Interviewer：Now what do you think about English people and their way of life?Paul：The older generation of English people are really snobbish -- the snob-nosed English. But the youth of England today -- they'rereally alive, you know, they're more vibrant, on fire, alive.They are much more free than their parents, crazy! Cindycomes from Los Angeles.Interviewer：What do you think of the English weather?Cindy：Well, it's rather cloudy and depressing. I get tired of all these "sunny intervals." There's not enough sunshine. Other than that,it's all right. It's not too cold, nor too warm.Interviewer：And have you had much opportunity to eat English food? Cindy：Yes, I avoid it, because it's dull. I think it's dull. And I think the English eat a lot of sweets and greasy food like chips. Interviewer：And what about the English way of life? What do you think of that?Cindy：Well, it's certainly more relaxed, but I think that the English people are -- tend to be -- difficult to get to know. They'rereserved. The cities are safer and I also think they're muchcleaner than the American cities, which makes it much morepleasant to live there. Usha comes from Madras, in India. Interviewer：Would you like to tell me what you think of the English weather? Usha：Well, the English weather is very changeable,but it's OK. Well, I like spring and autumn best. I think they arethe loveliest time of the year.Interviewer：And what about English food? What do you think of that?Usha：Well, English food is healthy. But I wouldn't like to haveit every day. It's rather ... I wouldn't say dull -- but too bland formy taste.Interviewer：And what about English people? How have you found them? Usha：Well, in the beginning, they are rather reserved,but once you get to know them, they are very friendly, and I'vegot many English friends now in England.Interviewer：And how have you found the English way of life?Usha：Well, city life is fast of course everywhere, but I like thecountryside very much. I like it very much, yes. Spiro comesfrom Salonika, in Greece.Interviewer：You've lived in England for about seven years. What do you think of English weather?Spiro：Well, I think the English winter is very depressing at times, especially when it drizzles all the time, and also the other thingthat makes it depressing is the long nights. It gets dark veryearly and you wake up and it's pitch black again, and so you goto work and it's very dark and you come home and it's darkagain. But in the summer, I think, when the sun's shining, it'svery pleasant indeed, with green parks, trees, very pleasant. Interviewer：And what about English food? What do you think of that?Spiro：Well, I think it's ... English food is all right, but there's a very limited selection of dishes. It's mostly roast and -- offhand --there's only about five typically English dishes I can think of,whereas compare that to Greek food, there's an enormousselection of dishes one could cook. Interviewer：And what doyou think of the English people?Spiro：I find them very reserved, but it seems that when you get to know them, they're quite friendly and sincere. But it usuallytakes some time to actually open an English person up -- if youlike.Interviewer：And what do you think of the English way of life?Spiro：Pretty awful, actually. It's the speed of life really that I find rather tiring.Part IV More about the topic:Native People of Alaska Audioscript:When the Russian discovered Alaska in 1741, they found it occupied by three groups of native peoples -- Eskimos, Aleuts, and Indians. Descendants of these natives still live in Alaska.Most scientists think that the native peoples migrated originallyfrom Asia to North America, not all at once but in wave after wave over thousands of years. Probably the last to enter Alaska were the ancestors of the northern Eskimos.Eskimos Of the different groups of native peoples, the Eskimos are the most numerous. From earliest times the Eskimos depended upon sea mammals, fish, and caribou for their living. In the 1890's reindeer werebrought from Siberia to start herds as an additional means of livelihood.Many Eskimos now live in frame houses heated by fuel oil, butthey once lived in sod and driftwood huts heated by seal-oil lamps. They did not build snow ig100s, as some of the Canadian Eskimos still do, except for emergency shelter.The Eskimos are superb hunters. They are an energetic people who have long been known for their ivory carving and other arts and crafts. Their way of life is changing as they find opportunities for schoolingand for employment in trades and professions.Aleuts The Aleutian Islands and the Alaska Peninsula are the homelands of the Aleuts. The Aleut language is related to the language of the Eskimos, and yet it is very different. Like the Eskimos, the Aleuts have always depended on the sea for food and other needs. Some of the present-day Aleuts operate fishing boats. Others work in fish canneries. Many Aleuts have Russian names, which go back to the time of the Russian occupation of Alaska.Indians There are two major groups of Indians -- the Indians of the Interior Plateau and the Indians of Southeastern Alaska.The Indians who live in the interior came to Alaska from Canada. Originally they were hunters. Some of them still live by hunting, fishing, and trapping. Others have moved to towns, where they live and work as do other present-day Alaskans.The Indians of Southeastern Alaska are sometimes known as the maritime Indians, or Indians who live near the sea. They have been in Alaska for hundreds of years. Carving and basket making are among the crafts of the maritime Indians. They are known for their totem poles. From earliest times they depended on fish, especially salmon, for their living. Today they are efficient business people who operate commercial fishing boats and canneries. They also follow other occupations such as logging, shopkeeping, and working in government offices.Part V Do you know ...? Audioscript:Dan Cruickshank：I'm at Cuiaba in the western Brazil -- and I'm about to fly, go by car, and by boat, around 750 kilometres into theAmazon rainforest to find my living treasure. My treasure's notan ancient artifact, but something very special that continues tobe created and used by people deep in the rainforest.After several hours, we cross the threshold into what remainsof the rainforest. It's been fenced off and is now protected bythe Brazilian government. I head down the Warema River, atributary of the Amazon, towards my treasure. It's anunbelievably beautiful work of art, created by a tribe called theIgbatsa (Rikbaktsa). Excellent reception committee. Wonderwho I approach. Hello.That is what I've come to see -- the headdress. My most colourful of treasures is a symbol of the Amazon and an object of immense importance to these people. Here we go.Oh my god. Wow. I expected one, maybe two, umahara, but a whole hut full. Beautiful objects, beautifully made, but more to the point, they're full of meaning to these people. They celebrate their culture, their aspirations, their religion. And made from human hair, parrot feathers. Ah, absolutely wonderful. The umahara headdress is worn with great pride by the Igbatsa (Rikbaktsa) people. It's the emblem of an endangered culture. It once played a key role in war ceremonies and is still used in dance rituals. This dance takes place every day for 90 days after the first of June. It's a celebration of birth and all things new. During the dance wives have the right to ask favours of their husbands, who are obliged to grant them.After the dance, I talk to members of the tribe about the headdress and how it's made.Can I ask what it -- what it means to them today, the umahara headdress?Interpreter：He says the umahara represents a great richness in their own culture. And for their future. For their future, theyshouldn't stop creating it and using it for their own use.Dan Cruickshank：Represents their sense of identity really. Interpreter：It represents the identity of the Igbatsa (Rikbaktsa) people. Dan Cruickshank：So we've got feathers from parrots and -- and female hair. That -- that is correct, is it... really? On -- onto -- Interpreter：This is from the -- a Marella clan.Dan Cruickshank：Yes, there is the hair.It's all rather perplexing. To preserve their traditions, theIgbatsa (Rikbaktsa) have to make the umahara headdresses. Yetin so doing, they must kill protected bird species for theirfeathers. While the faces and bodies of the men and women arebrightly painted in the traditional way, they sport natty shortsand bikini tops. Bit by bit, the Igbatsa (Rikbaktsa) are beingdrawn into the modern world, whether they like it or not. Asevening approaches, preparations are being made for supper. Arather tasty feast awaits me. This all brings back very deepmemories. The family halls scattered round about thecompound, the main hall where the communal ceremonies takeplace -- the people gathered round the fire at night eating. Thefields round about. It's like an Anglo-Saxon village in Englanda couple of hundred years ago. It's like meeting one's ancestorscoming back here.Statements:1. The Igbatsa (Rikbaktsa) people live in Brazil.2. The headdress is made from parrot feathers and male hair.3. The headdress is now used in dance rituals to celebrate birthand all things new.4. The dance takes place every day in June.5. During the dance, husbands cannot refuse favors asked bytheir wives.6. The Igbatsa (Rikbaktsa) people do not like the modern wayof life.Part VII Watch and enjoy Videoscript:Narrator：It looks like a paradise, but it is in fact the most treacherous desert in the world：the Kalahari. After the short rainy season, there are many water holes, and even rivers. But after a few weeks, the water sinks away into the deep Kalahari sand. The water holes dry up, and the rivers stop flowing. The grass fades to a beautiful blond color that offersexcellent grazing for the animals. But for the next nine months, there'llbe no water to drink. So most of the animals move away, leaving the beautiful blond grass uneaten. Humans avoid the deep Kalahri like the plague because man must have water to live. So the beautiful landscapes are devoid of people, except for the little people of the Kalahari. Pretty, dainty, small and graceful, the Bushmen. Where any other person would die of thirst in a few days, they live quite contentedly in this desert that doesn't look like a desert. They know where to dig for roots and bulbs and tubers and which berries and pods are good to eat. And of course they know what to do about water. For instance, in the early morning,you can collect dewdrops from leaves that were carefully laid out the previous evening. Or a plume of grass can be a reservoir. And if you have the know-how, an insignificant clump of twigs can tell you whereto dig, then you come to light with an enormous tuber. You scrape shavings off it with a stick that is split for a sharp edge. You take a handful of the shavings, point your thumb at your mouth and squeeze. They must be the most contented people in the world. They have no crime, no punishment, no violence, no laws, no police, judges, rulers or bosses. They believe that the gods put only good and useful things on the earth for them to use. In this world of theirs, nothing is bad or evil. Even a poisonous snake is not bad. You just have to keep away from the sharp end. Actually, a snake is very good. In fact, it's delicious and theskin makes a fine pouch. They live in the vastness of the Kalahari in small family groups.One family of Bushmen might meet up with another family once in afew years. But for the most part, they live in complete isolation, quite unaware that there are other people in the world. In the deep Kalahari, there are Bushmen who have never seen or heard of civilized man. Sometimes they hear a thundering sound when there are no clouds in the sky, and they assume that the gods have eaten too much again and their rummies are rumbling up there. Sometimes they can even see the evidence of the gods' flatulence. Their language has an idiosyncrasy of its own. It seems to consist mainly of clicking sounds. They are very gentle people. They'll never punish a child or even speak harshly to it.So of course their kids are extremely well-behaved. And their games are cute and inventive. When the family needs meat, the hunter dips his tiny arrow in a brew that acts as a tranquilizer. So when he shoots a buck, it only feels a sting and the arrow drops out. The buck runs away, but soon it gets very drowsy and it stops running. After a while, it goes to sleep. And the hunter apologizes to his prey. He explains that his family needs the meat. The one characteristic which really makes the Bushmen different from all the other races on earth is the fact that they have no sense of ownership at all. Where they live, there's really nothing you can own. Only trees and grass and animals. In fact these Bushmen havenever seen a stone or a rock in their lives. The hardest things they know are wood and bone. They live in a gentle world, where nothing is ashard as rock, or steel or concrete.。
Unit5-Asking-the-way教案
Unit5 Asking the wayLesson10一、Teaching aims1.Knowledge aims(1)、words: library、bank(2)、sentences: How can I get to the…Go straight.It’s on the right/on the left.2.Ability aims: 进一步学习问路与指路的英文表达。
3.Emotion aims：培养学生的注意力和观察力, 激发学生积极思维, 挖掘学生运用语言的创造能力。
二、Teaching key and difficult points:1.词汇: 能听、说、读、写library、bank,并了解其含义。
2、能灵活运用重点句型How can I get to the…Go straight.It’s on the right/on the left.并清楚其运用的场合和语义。
三、Teaching aids （教具）: word cards, PPT,CD四、Teaching Procedures:1.Step1 Warming up:2.GreetingT: Class begin.Good afternoon boys and girls.S:Good afternoon Miss Chen.3.sing the song :Follow MeT:Let’s sing a song.Step2 Revision1.2.做游戏, 训练反应能力及巩固right、left方法。
T:Let’s play a game.If I say put your right hand.You should do it.OK?S:OK!T:Put your left hand…S:(do it)T:Who want to issue orders?(每两组再来一次比赛)3.Play a game.用上节课学过的句型。
人教版本高中英语必修四unit5
高中英语学习资料madeofjingetieji必修四Unit5Revision一.单词拼写___________(题目)ofourdiscussionwas‘Europeinthe1980’s’.livein____________(中心的)London.hobbiesaremanyand_____________(各种各种).WaltDisney______________(动画片)isinteresting.mygreat_____________(娱乐),hisfalsebeardfelloff.ofthemain_________________(吸引力)ofthejobisthehighsalary. country’seconomyisdependenton_______________(旅行业).isa____________(唯一无二)workofart.dateofthemeetingwas_____________(提早)from10to3June. articleshouldbe_______________(翻译)intoEnglish.二．短文改错HiSusan,I’msorrythatIwasn’tabletoreturntoyour76______bikeontimeyesterday.Imeantogiveit77______backtoyoubeforefourintheafternoon,andI78______washolduponmywayback.JustbeforeI79______turnedcornerofParkStreet,Ihappenedto80______seeanaccident.Alittlegirlwashurtandher81______motherneededhelp.SoIhelpedthemgoingto82______thenearesthospital.Istayedhereforoneand83_______ ahalfhourandmadesurethatthegirlwasall84______right.WhenIgotback,itwerealready6pm.I85_______ hopeyouunderstand.Thankyou!三．单项选择1.Susan,_____universitystudentfromEuropean,teachesme______artinhersparetime.A.an;/B.a;theC.an;theD.a;/firstmetMrSmithinAmerica.He____atStanfordUniversitythen.A.studiedB.hadstudiedC.isstudyingD.wasstudyingIgetyouacupoftea?---________.A.That’sveryniceofyouB.WithpleasureC.Youcan,pleaseD.Thankyouforthetea aboutthetwoofus_____tothenewlyopenedthemeparkinourcitythisafternoon?5.Mostmembersofthecommitteewereinfavorofthesuggestion;onlya_____wereagainstit.6.NotonlytheUSAandRussiabutalsoChina_____mannedsatellitestocircletheearth.A.hassetupB.hasbeensetupC.havesetupD.havebeensetuparms,thesoldiersmarchedaway.A.SwingB.SwingingC.SwungD.Beingswinginganinterestingrolesheplayedinthefilm!_____shehaswonanOscar.A.NowonderB.NodoubtC.AboveD.Ofcourse9.Aswecansee,thepricesofvegetables______accordingtotheseason.A.varyB.fallC.rise D.swing10.–Tomsaidsomethingstrangeattheconference.--Hisremarksleftme______abouthisrealpurpose.A.wonderB.wonderingC.wonderedD.towonderwasfallingwhentheywentalongapath______tothemountain.A.toleadB.ledC.leadingD.beingledingintotheroom,Ifoundthem____atthetable,_____chess.A.seated;playing B.seating;playing C.seat;play D.seated;playe d13.Johnistheonlyoneofthestudentsintheclassthatnever_____amistakeevenwhenitispointedtohim.A.admitmakingB.admitsmakingC.admittomakeD.admitstomake14.______nice,thefoodwasalleatenupsoon.A.TastingB.TasteC.TastedD.Totastethathesuggested_____tobeofanyuse.A.proveB.provedC.provingD.toprove16.ThereisnothingmoreIcantry____youtostay,soIwishyougoodluck.A.beingpersuadedB.persuadingC.beingpersuadedD.topersuade17.______themeetinghimselfgavethemagreatdealofencouragement.A.ThepresidentwillattendB.ThepresidenttoattendC.ThepresidentattendedD.Thepresident’sattending’sneverwillingtochangehismind.Itisnouse______wit hhim.A.toargueB.arguingC.arguedD.havingargued19.Isn’tittimeyougotdownto______thepapers?A.markB.bemarkedC.beingmarkedD.markingisanexperiencequitedifferentfromwatchingTV;therearepictures______inyourmindinsteadofbefore youreyes.A.toformB.formC.formingD.havingformed参照答案I.单词拼写1.theme 2.central 3.various 4.cartoon 5.amusement6.attractions7.tourism8.unique9.advanced 10.translatedII. 短文改错76.去掉to 77.mean改为meant 78.and改为but 79.hold改为held80.turned后加the 81.正确82.going改为go 83.here改为there84.hour改为hours9. 10.were改为wasIII. 单项选择1-5DDAAB 6-10ABAAB 11-15CABAB 16-20DDBDC。
listen-this-way4-unit1
Unit 1 Shopping and Banking OlinePart I Getting readyA.B. Keys:1: drop 2: shopping 3: mouse4: feet 5: retailing6: street 7: get 8: down 9: third-party 10: online11:30% 12: malls 13: Britain 14: gift-buying 15:50%16: net 17: peroidC. Keys:1 : the site2 : merchant, addresses/phone numbers/call up3 : strict safety measuresPart II Net shopping under fireA. Keys:1 : delivery, delivery2 : delivery charges3 : personal information, 87%4 : returning goods, 47%5 : order, 35%, dispatch, 87%6 : money back, twoB. Keys:1 : convenience2 : choice3 : obstacles4 : complete trust5 : build consummers' trust6 : mature7 : payment8 : servicePart III Banking at homeA. Keys:1 : limited opening hours2 : Online banking services3 : getting current information on products4 : e-mailing questions to the bank5 : competing for customers6 : having no computers at homeB. Keys:1 : It is banking through the Internet.2 : 'Online banking' offers convenience which appeals to the kind of customer banks want to keep.3 : Banks most want to keep people who are young, well-educated, and have good incomes. Part IV More about the topic: Secret of Good Customer ServiceB. Keys:English Good Customer Service(Harrods)1 : in a pleasant environment2 : Second to none3 : different customers, take a look at everything, alternatives,come to sales assistants4 : first contact with the customerAmerican Good Customer Service(Saks)1 : human side, family, occasions in life, a partnership2 : repeat business, salesPart V Do you know…?Keys:1 : c2 : a、b、c3 : a、b、c4 : c5 : c6 : bTape scriptPart I Getting readyA.B. seen in text bookC.Consumers who want to shop online are suggested to bear the following things in mind:Evaluate the site. Always buy goods from well-known and trustworthy companies. Deal with companies which offer customer service, a complaints procedure and have a refund policy.Talk to merchant. E-mail and wait for reponses. Take down the addresses and phone numbers of those companies and make sure they are real by calling them up before buying any products and services.Ensure secure connection. Since buyers must submit personal information like number and expiry date of the card there are fears over security. Deal with sites that apply strict safety measures that require shoppers to give specific data known only to card holders before making the transaction.Be extra careful at a cybercafe or other public connection.Part II Net shopping under fireThere is an urgent need for e-commerce rules to boost confidence in buying online. Consumers International, a federation of 245 consumer organizations —including the UK's Consumers Association —said its survey showed that there were still obatacles to shopping online with complete trust.The study, funded by the European Union, involved buying more than 150 items from 17 countries. Each consumer organization taking part tried to find one site in its own country and one abroad to buy a selection of items. These included a dictionary, a doll, jeans, a hairdryer,computer software and hardware, chocolates and champagne.The key findings were:●Eight of the items ordered took more than a month to reach their destination and at least11 (eight percent) never arrived.●Many sites did not give clear information about delivery charges.●Only 13% of the sites promised that they would not sell customers' personal information onto a third party.●Only 53% of the companies had a policy on returning goods.●Only 65% of the sites provided confirmation of the order and only 13% told customers whentheir goods had been dispatched.●In two cases,customers are still waiting for their money back more than four months afterreturning their goods.Louis Sylvan, vice-president of Consumers International, said, "This study shows that, although buying items over the Internet can benefit the consumer by offering convenience and choice, there are still many obstacles that need to be overcome before consumers can shop in cyberspace with complete trust."Chris Philips, Marketing Manager at a London based e-commerce security company commented, "This study confirms the difficulties of establishing consumers' trust in the Internet as a shopping experience. With statistics like these and Visa claiming 47% of disputes and fraud cases were Internet-related, it is little wonder that Internet commerce is not producing the profits predicted two or three years ago. Trust takes time to build, and the Internet will not mature as a retail channel until trusted brands, like the banks for example, start to offer ways of supporting trust relationships with guarantees payment and service."In September, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development will hold a meeting to discuss a set of international guidelines for electronic commerce.Part III Banking at homeMany people dislike walking to the bank, standing in long lines, and running out of checks. They are dissatisfied with their bank's limited hours, too. They want to do some banking at night, and on weekends. For such people, their problems may soon be over. Before long, they may be able to do their banking from the comfort of their own home, any hour of the day, any day of the week.Many banks are preparing "online branches," or Internet offices, which means that people will be able to take care of much of their banking business through their home computers. This process is called interactive banking. At these online branches, customers will be able to view all their accounts, move money between their accounts, apply for a loan, and get current information on products such as credit cards. Customers will also be able to pay their bills electronically, and even e-mail questions to the bank.Banks are creating online services for several reasons. One reason is that banks must compete for customers, who will switch to another bank if they are dissatisfied with the service they receive. The convenience of online banking appeals to the kind of customer banks most want to keep —people who are young, well-educated, and have good incomes. Banks also want to take advantage of modern technology as they move into the twenty-first century.Online banking may not be appropriate for everyone. For instance, many people do not havecomputers at home. Other people prefer to go to the bank and handle their accounts the traditional way. Even though online banking may never completely replace a walk-in bank, it is a service that many customers are going to want to use.Part IV More about the topic: Secret of Good Customer ServiceIn Britain they ask you, "Are you being served?" Whilst in America they tell you to "Have a nice day." But what is the secret of good customer service? From Harrods in London and Saks New York, we're going to find out the dos and don'ts of selling protocol.The reason that Harrods has been so successful over a hundred and fifty years is two fold. First of all they've offered their customers the products they want to buy in a pleasant environment. But secondly and more importantly, the level of customer service that they've given their customers, before sale, during sale and after sale, has been second to none. I think it's fair to say that if you compare the British with our cousins elsewhere in the world that we are actually quite a reserved lot. To a certain extent there are a lot of shrinking violets in this country who would rather just do their own thing. They'd rather wander around and browse and if they do need any help eventually, ask for it. So I think the way that we approach our own U.K. based customers is actually slightly different to the way we know we need to approach. For example, an American customer, or indeed a Japanese customer, or a Middle Eastern customer, who all have different ways of doing things.Well in serving different, I guess, nationalities, you do take very different approaches. With Europeans, for example, you do kind of let them take a look at everything. See what's being on offer and then ask them if they need any help. I think they'd probably much more prefer to come to you, rather than you so much to go to them. The American customer very much expects you to go to them, approach them, show them alternatives. Well I think maybe the more European or British customer can be almost turned off by that if someone is seen to be too aggressive, maybe too anxious to make a sale.It's most important that the first contact, the first initial meeting with the customer is a good and successful one because on that basis, the customer will make up their mind what they want to do next.I quite like the English sales assistants because they definitely have better thing to do than talk to you, which I like. It's very terrifying when you go to America. "Can I help you?" they're like licking you. You're just like, "No, I'm fine. I just want to look." That puts me off. I love the English sales assistant.So where have you experienced the very best in customer service?Umm, probably America. In terms of best as in, they give you so much attention it's almost embarrassing. They treat you, you know, the "have a nice day" thing. They' want to help you. They want you to buy, 'cause they often work on a commission basis. That's if you like best. But I prefer the ... like, being ignored.Tamara:I think England's still way behind in terms of, like America for example. I can call in America from London and they'll track the item down. It's not like, "Sorry madam we don't have that in your size." I just got the Gucci boots, which mine had actually broken. And in England they said, "Sorry" you know, that's it. So this woman in Los Angeles tracked them down and, in fact got them for me. That's because they work on commission. And the sooner we learn that, the better the service will get.So what do the Americans have to say? They may speak with a different accent. But is the sales pitch a foreign language to the rest of the world?I think part of the reason Americans are known as experts is that we tend to focus a lot more in the human side of selling, not the mechanical side, which is the register and knowing about the product. We really want to know about your lifestyle. We want to know about your family. We want to know about your income. We want to know about your occasions in your life. And that's very different outside of the United States. Our consumer actually is comfortable with forming a partnership with a sales associate and giving up that information, very personal information, very personal information. I think that best part about Saks sales associate training that we actually develop customers, five different types of customers and we videotape them and put them up in front of every new sales associate and say, "This is our customers." They're very different. Each one of them is a top customer at Saks but they shop in a very different way. A lot of stores in this industry really measure selling effectiveness by sales and quite frankly that's not what Saks is about. I think the way you measure good quality staff is by repeat business. Obviously if you have someone on your selling floor that has a clientele, that is the measure of a good sales associate.Part V Do you know…?"Everybody loves a bargain, "this is a common American saying. A bargain is something you buy for less than its true vale. It is something you might not buy if it costs more.One person's useless ugly object can be another person's bargain. So many Americans put it outside with a "for sale" sign on it and they have a yard sale.Just about anything can be sold at a yard sale: clothing, cooking equipment, old toys, tools, books and chairs, even objects you think are extremely ugly or useless. You may have an electric light shaped like a fish. You may greatly dislike its looks, but it may be beautiful to someone else. Usually the seller puts a price on each object. But the price can almost always be negotiated. The price of a table, for example, might be marked $10. But the seller may accept 8. If the table has not been sold by the end of the day, the seller probably will take much less.Some people go to yard sales because it is part of their job. They earn their livings by buying old things at low prices then selling them at higher prices. Many others, however, go to yard sales just to have fun. They say it is like going on a treasure hunt. Sometimes they really do find the treasure.Ned Jaudere did. The Boston Globe newspaper says Mr. Jaudere has been collecting native American Indian objects since he was a young man. Last year, he stopped at a yard sale in the northeastern city of Worcester, Massachusertts. He paid $125 for what everyone thought was an old wooden club. Mr. Jaudere thought it was something else. Two days later, he confirmed that the club had been used by the Wampanoag Indian leader known as King Philip. King Philip used itduring his war with the white settlers at eastern Massachusetts in 1675. The historic weapon had been stolen from a museum in 1970 and had been missing ever since. Mr. Jardere learnt the war club was valued at about $150 000 but he did not sell it or keep it. Mr. Jaudere returned the club to the museum near Boston Massachusetts from which it was stolen.Questions:1. Which of the following is a common American saying?2. What can be sold at a yard sale?3. Why do people go to a yard sale?4. When was the old wooden club stolen?5. What was the real value of the club?6. Why was the club at a great value?。
英语听力教程4答案(前7单元)
Unit 1 Shopping and Banking OnlinePart 1 Getting readyB: drop shopping mouse feet retailingstreet get done third-party online30% mails Britain gift-buying 50% net periodC: Major points Details1. the site2. merchant Addresses/phone number/call up3. Strict safety measures4.Part 2 Net shopping under fireA. delivery deliverydelivery chargespersonal information 87%returning goods 47%order 35% dispatch 87%money back twoB．Summary:convenience choice obstacles complete trustbuild consumers’ trust mature payment servicePart 3 Banking at homeA: Outline1. C: limited opening hours2. Online banking servicesD: getting current information on productsF: e-mailing questions to the bank3.A: competing for customers4.A: having no computer at homeB: 1. It is banking through the Internet.2. “Online banking” offers convenience which appeals to the kind of customer banks want tokeep.3. Banks most want to keep people who are young, well-educated, and have good incomes. Part 4 More about the topicB: English Good Customer Service American Good Customer Service1. in a pleasant environment 1. human side2. second to none a. family/…/occasions in life3. different customers b. a partnershipExample:take a look at everythingalternatives 3. repeat business sales come to sales assistants4. first contact with the customerPart 5. Do you know …?1. c2. b3. c4. c5. c6. bUnit 2 Hotel or B&B?Part 1 Getting ready1. hot food: fried egg2. coffee tea jam cooked3. dinner, bed and breakfast4. the room plus all meals5. Value Added TaxPart 2 A touch of homeOutline1. B&BA. bed and breakfastB. 15000C. advantages over big hotels2. A. meeting different people3. Several features of Suit UsA. built in 1883B. …famous guests4. A. B&B not suitable for some peoplePart 3 Renting a carrmation about the customerA family of three + camp equipmentLeaving on Fir., July 7thReturning on Mon., July 10th…Best choice: a Pinto station wagonRegular rate: $ 79.95Special weekend rate: $ 59.95Pick up: after 4 p. m. on Fri.Return: by 10 a. m. on Mon.Mileage rate: first 300 miles free, then 12 cents per mileOther costs: Insurance $ 10Sales tax 8%Deposit $ 100B: a compact car/ a station wagon/ automatic transmission/ current models/ pick up/ return the car/ special weekend rate/ regular rate/ unlimited mileage/ insurance sales tax/ a full tank of gas/ deposit/ lowest ratesPart 4. More about the topicA: 1. suite: a large room with a partition to separate the bedroom area from the sitting room area2. twin room: a room with two single beds for two people3. Penthouse: a well-furnished and luxurious suite at the top of the building4. Lounge or sitting room: a room not used as bedroom, where guests may read, watchtelevision, etc.5. single room: a room occupied by one person6. double room: a room with one large bed for two peoplePart 4 Do you know…?B：1. F 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. TUnit 3 “Planting” Money Part 1 Getting readyB: 这部分没有给答案Part 2 National teach children to save dayA: Time: Thursday, April 17Purpose: teaching children how to save moneyWay of teaching: 2500 bankers making 5000 presentationsB: 1. Making savings visible and real: building up savings in a piggy bank/ opening children’sown bank savings account.2. Encouraging children to save as much as they can: putting 25 cents away for every dollarthe children earn3. A first step toward learning to budget: giving children an allowance and part of it goinginto their own savings.4. Making savings and investing fun: giving children play money to “invest” in stocks theycan track in local newspapersPart 3 Credit cardsA: Outline1.The importance of credit cards2. NatureA. “charge”—paying at a later dateB: “limit”3. The potential disadvantages—expensiveA. easy to make lots of purchases on cardB. likely to pay a tremendous amount of interest4. The benefitsB. helpful for emergenciesC. good for travelPart 4 More about the topicA: Exercise 1Column A Column B1. 32 13 2Exercise 2: Answer the following two questions.1. “Spending priorities” refers to the following situation:Americans are spending so much of their income on ever larger houses and cars that they can’t afford to spend on social programs or infrastructure repairs.2. By doing so, one would feel happier, would have fewer disputes of work and lower levels of stress hormones in their blood. One gets sick less often and dies at an older age.B: Summary:Mr. Cox, the vice president of the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas,…, of Myths of Rich and Poor, sees the positive side to the increased prosperity of … Americans are better off than they were 30 years ago. Here … :Technological …created hundreds of gadgets that …both easier and more pleasurable, for example, cellular and cordless phones, computers, answering machines, and microwave ovens;Today …about 3/4 have washing machines, half have clothes dryers, 97% have color televisions, 3/4 have VCRs, 2/3 have microwaves and air conditioners, 3/4 own their own automobile, 40% own their own home, half have stereo systems.Part 5 Do you know …?A. Tokyo, Osaka, Oslo, Zurich. Hong Kong, Copenhagen, Geneva, Paris, Reykjavik, LondonB. 1. The euro has appreciated against the US dollar.2. Persistent economic turmoil.3. Tehran.4. The Economist team checks prices of a wide range of items—from bread and milk to carsand utilities—to compile this report.5. Business clients use it to calculate the amount of allowances granted to overseas executiveand their families.Unit 4 Loans for the DreamPart 1 Getting readyPart 2 Raising money for buying a carA: SummaryMr. Jackson …in the college…As…worth repairing, he … . Since…about a hundred pounds for …, … , three hundred fifty to four hundred….The bank …different interest rates and conditions: a Personal Loan and an Ordinary Loan. Mr. Jackson is expected to repay the money with 24 months.1.透支额（贷款）overdraft2.偿还repay3.短期贷款（业务）lenders in the short term4.付利息pay interest on5.担保物collateral6.寿险life policy7.房屋的房契deeds of the houses8.政府证券Government Securities9.凭证certificate10.按日计算on a day-to-day basisPart 3 Housing in the U. S. A.A. Outline1. A. cost of housing1. 1/4-1/3 of a family’s income2. depending on size and locationB. way to buy a house—mortgage2. B. easy to get things repaired3. Buying …1. mortgage: …2. condominium: …B. 1. Home buyer borrows money from Bank sells mortgages to Fannie Mae sellsshares and mortgage-based securities to Investors2. They control about half the home loans in America.3. Hiding changes in its value, poor supervision and not carefully reporting its finances.4. The stock price of Fannie Mae has dropped.Part 4 More about the topicA: 1. a. merchantable qualityb. fitting for particular purpose/ sellerc. as described2. no / retailer’s responsibility/ take to shop3. item/ too large/ fragile4. evidence of purchase/ date of purchase5. go to court / sue the sellerB. 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. FPart 5 Do you know …?B: Chart 1 Development of the idea of national taxesTime/ Number EventsApril 15th the last day to pay federal taxes1791 tax on whiskey and other alcoholic drink, farmers refused1794 George Washington, 13000 troops, defeated the Whiskey RebellionThe late 1800s people’s pay taxed by Congress, but rejected by the Supreme Court1913 The 16th Amendment passed, legal for Congress to tax incomeMore than $312000 taxed at 35%, highest rateLess than $7000 no income taxChart 2 Composition of federal money in 20027%—income tax on businessesOver 40—personal income taxBelow 18%—other taxes, including customs35%—taxes for retirement programs and other servicesUnit 5 Briefing on Taxation and Insurance Policies Part 1 Getting readyC.Dialogue one1. ￡30 000 24%2. overdraft3. sailingDialogue two1. A brand new video was stolen.2.Yes. The speaker paid the premium last week.Part 2 Briefing on personal taxationA.Outline1.Structure of personal taxationA. rates1. lower rate: up to ￡23 700: 25%2. higher rate: above ￡23 700: 40%B. allowances1. single person: ￡32952. married person: ￡50153. pension: maximum 17.5% to 40%4. mortgage interest relief: 7%2. Collection of personal taxA. income tax —PAYEB. National Insurance1. employee’s contribution: 9%2. employer’s contribution: 5% to 10%B. 1. According … both simple and relatively low.2. The new … opt for separate taxation.3. The tax … pension is 40%4. PAYE stands for Pay As You Earn. The scheme …from the employer before …banktransfer to the employee.5. Taxable income … deduction and the allowance have been excluded.Part 3. Should I buy an insurance policy?(1)A. insurance policy save money buying a houseB. 1. A. a fixed objective in mind/ how much to pay each monthB. a fixed objective each month in mind/ how much to produce over some years2. No/ regular & systematic/ short-term/ bank/ Building SocietyPart 4 More about the topicA. unmarried dependents no needAnswer the question with key wordsA. accumulate capital/ expand business/ end of termB. saving to produce a pensionPart 5 Do you know … ?1. T2. F3. F4. T5. TUnit 6 Visions of BusinessPart 1 Getting readyPart 2 Michael Dell vs. Frederick Smith (1)A. Michael Dell:Michael Dell serves as Chairman and CEO of Dell Computer Corporation. He is the longest tenured CEO in the whole computer industry. By using his innovative direct-to-consumer marketing approach and by pioneering the industry’s first service and support programs—the build-to-order revolution, Dell Computer Corporation has successfully eliminated the middle-man and established itself as one of the top vendors of personal computers worldwide.Frederick SmithFrederick Smith is Chairman, President and CEO of Federal Express Corporation, or FedEx, a global provider of transportation, e-commerce and supply chain management services. But when he first came up with the idea of overnight delivery service, nobody seemed to be interested in it. And now with its just-in-time delivery system, Smith has made FedEx a multi-billion dollar industry. FedEx used to provide mainly water and air delivery, but now it’s making a big push into the ground delivery business.B. Fred must stay competitive in the following aspects:1) the quality of service2) the breadth of the network3) the unique services needed4) the costPart 3 Michael Dell vs. Frederick Smith (2)B. Question: What keeps you going and what have you left to accomplish?Michael:Motivation: The opportunity in the industry, in the businessAmbitions1. To be a leader not only in client computing, but also in the enterprise and servers and storage.2. To do business not just in the United States but all over the world3. To add a lot of services that go along with the productsFrederickPositive attitude towards future:Being truly excited about the company’s futurePositive attitude towards work:Enjoy going to work every dayLove to competeLove to innovateLove to work with a lot of wonderful people and sit right in the middle of a lot of very exciting business trends.Part 4 More about the topicSummary:One of the most fundamental steps toward a successful business is the business plan. It doesn’t matter whether your company is a large one or a small one. What does matter is having a business plan to make the idea a reality. A plan is essential for any business. It is like a map for your business as to where you’re going to go. And a business plan is the very best way to get started because when you do a business plan you go from “A” to “Z” in figuring out every aspect: how much money you need; how many people you’ll need; whether you’ll need people. It gives you a way of prediction where the business may go so you can position yourself to respond intelligently and use the least amount of money. So a business plan is even more critical for those budding entrepreneurs that don’t have much money, for it can help to use the limited resources in the very best way.Part 5 Do you know … ?80 100oldest largest fastest growing 1919 school hoursorganized operated forming Localdeveloped shares materials produced profits owned businessoperate1974 classrooms programs 5 18 2 700 000 85 0005 11 V olunteer main rules organized made soldeconomy money industry trade families communities12 14 business expert Project economic theories supplydemand corporations world trade12 14 Economics leaving completing continuing game jobseducation money get earn need want high schoolUnit 7 Fame and FortunePart ⅠGetting readyB Listen to a recording about the life of Bill Gates. Fill in the blanks while listening.In the past few years, hundreds of magazine and newspaper stories have been written about Bill Gates and his company, the reason the Microsoft Company is extremely successful. It has made Bill Gate one of the richest men in the world. William Gates the 3rd was born in 1955, in a western city of Seattle, Washington. He became interested in computers when he was 13 years old. When most young boys his age were playing baseball or football, young Bill Gates was learning to write computer programs. These programs tell computers how to perform useful tasks. Bill Gate attended Harvard University after high school. At Harvard, he began developing the computer language called Basic. He began to think that the computer would someday become a valuable tool that could be used in every office and home. Bill Gate returned to Seattle where he established the Microsoft Company in 1975. It employed only three workers. Microsoft developed computer software for established American companies, like General Electric and Citibank. Soon Microsoft was working with the International Business Machines Company known as IBM. In 1981,IBM began selling a personal computer that used Microsoft products as part of its operating system. By then, Microsoft had 129 workers. Today IBM still uses Microsoft's computer operating system. So do many other computer companies. One of the most famous Microsoft products is a program called Windows. Windows makes it much easier to use a computer. Company officials say Microsoft has sold about 40 000 000 copies of the Windows program around the world. Microsoft does thousands of millions of dollars in business each year. It now has more than 16 000 workers in more than 48 countries. Microsoft today produces computer programs in 30 languages and sells them in more than 100 countries.B Listen to a recording about the life of Bill Gates. Fill in the blanks while listening.Part ⅡBill Gates' new rulesA You are going to hear an excerpt of Bill Gate's new book Using a Digital Nervous System. Note down the key words in the notes column. Then match column A with column B.If the 1980s were about quality and the 1990s were about re-engineering, then the 2000s will be about velocity. About how quickly business itself will be transacted. About how information access will alter the life-style ofconsumers and their expectations of business. Quality improvements and business-process improvements will occur far faster. When the increase in velocity is great enough, the very nature of business changes.To function in the digital age, we have developed a new digital infrastructure. It's like the human nervous system. Companies need to have that same kind of nervous system —the ability to run smoothly and efficiently, to respond quickly to emergencies and opportunities to quickly get valuable information to the people in the company who need it, the ability to quickly make decisions and interact with customers.The successful companies of the next decade will be the ones that use digital tools to reinvent the way they work. To make digital information flow an intrinsic part of your company, here are 12 key steps.1. Insist that communication flow through e-mail.2. Study sales data online to share insights easily.3. Shift knowledge workers into high-level thinking.4. Use digital tools to create virtual teams.5. Convert every paper process to a digital process.6. Use digital tools to eliminate single-task jobs.7. Create a digital feedback loop.8. Use digital systems to route customer complaints immediately.9. Use digital communication to redefine the boundaries.10. Transform every business process into just-in-time delivery.11. Use digital delivery to eliminate the middle man.12. Use digital tools to help customers solve problems for themselves.As I said in The Road Ahead, we always overestimate the change that will occur in the next two years and underestimate the change that will occur in the next 10. Don't let yourself be lulled into inaction.You know you have built an excellent digital nervous system when information flows through your organization as quickly and naturally as thought in a human being and when you can use technology to marshal and coordinate teams of people as quickly as you can focus an individual on an issue. It's business at the speed of thought.B Listen again, complete the 12 rules for the digital age.Part ⅢGreat business deals?A Listen to the recording. You'll hear about two businessmen and some of the deals they made. Note down the key words in the notes column. Then fill the gaps in the following chart with information given in the recordings.1.In the … er … late 1920s, early 1930s, there was a … a young Greek businessman who … er … made quite a lot of money … er … by importing tobacco into Argentina. Um … he then moved up to North America … er …this was in about … er … 1933, when of course the world was in the middle of a … a trade slump. Er … he … er … decided he wanted to get into shipping, and to get into shipping he needed ships so he … he started looking around for some ships to buy with his tobacco fortune and he found ten vessels … er … which b elonged to the Canadian National Steamship Company … er … the problem being that they were frozen into the ice in the St Lawrence River in Canada. They'd been rusting away there for two years and were now completely filled up with snow and ice. Er … in fact the story goes that when he went aboard to … er … inspect one of the ships, he fell into a snowdrift and … er … ended up on the deck below. Well, the ships had cost $2 million to build … er … about ten years before, and the owners were prepared to let th em go just for a … a scrap price of … er … $30 000 each. He offered $20,000 and the owners accepted.He left them there, stuck in the ice, there was nothing more he could do. Er … but a few years later, the … the world depression … er … came to an end and… er … world war seemed to be looming in Europe and, of course, that led in its turn to a … bit of a shipping boom. So the young man, there he was with his ships and … er … he became one of the richest men in the world. Hi s name was … Aristotle Onassis.2. Once upon a time there was an enterprising Scottish actor, called Arthur Furguson, who discovered that he could make a very good living selling things that didn't actually belong to him, in other words he was a con man. He first got the idea when he was sitting in the middle of Trafalgar Square (in London that is). Um … this was in 1923, and he saw an American tourist admiring the stone lions and the fountains and Nelson's Column. He introduced himself as the "official guide" to the Square and started to explain the history of the place. And while he was doing this he also slipped in a little mention that as Britain was heavily in debt, the British government was looking for the right kind of person to buy the Square. He said that he was the official government salesman and that the asking price was around ￡6 000. The American said that this was a good price and offered to pay by cheque right away, so Mr. Furguson went off to okay this with his superiors — in other words he went off for an hour and a half and kept the American waiting. Well, he then came back and said, yes, they were willing to sell to the American at that price. The American wrote a check and Furguson gave him a receipt and the address of a company who would dismantle the Square and get it ready for shipping it to the States. Then he went off to cash the check.Soon after that he sold Big Ben for ￡1 000 and took a down payment on Buckingham Palace of ￡2 000. Two years later he went to the United States and leased the White House to a Texas cattleman for 99 years for $100 000 per annum. Later he arranged to sell the Statue of Liberty to an Australian for $100 000, but unfortunately Furguson allowed the buyer to take a photograph of him and the Australian, feeling slightly suspicious, showed the photograph to the police. Furguson was identified and sent to prison for fraud for five years. When he came out he retired to California, where he lived in luxury until he died in 1938.B Listen again, and then work out the outcome of the two persons by filling in the gaps.part ⅣMore about the topic: Walt DisneyYou are going to hear part of a broadcast about the life of Walt Disney. Complete the unfinished sentences below. Presenter: Walt Disney is well known as the creator of Mickey Mouse and the inventor of Disneyland and Walt Disney World, but his creations are better known than his life. Peter Spencer is the author of a new book about Disney. What was Walt Disney's background?Peter: Walter Elias Disney was born in 1901 in Chicago but actually he was brought up in a small town in the Mid-West near Kansas City, Missouri, which incidentally was later used as the model for Main Street U.S.A. in Disneyland. Um ... he first studies cartooning, you know, by doing a correspondence course. During the First World War he worked as a … a driver for the American Red Cross but after the war he returned to Kansas City where he met a guy called Ub Iwerks. Now they … er … started to work together on a series of experimental-type films ... um … and after a while they set off to California to join Walt's elder brother Roy who was living there in Los Angeles.Presenter: When did Mickey Mouse first appear?Peter: Ah, well, Disney and Iwerks first invented a character called Oswald the Rabbit but then in 1928 a new character was born: cheerful, sometimes rather naughty, energetic mouse with large funny ears. Yes, it was Mickey and he appeared for the first time in the first talking cartoon film, called Steamboat Willie. Er … not many people know this but Walt Disney actually provided the voice for Mickey. By the way, he was almost called "Mortimer Mouse", which doesn't have the same kind of ring to it, or does it? Well, Roy and Walt gathered a team of artists … er … illustrators together … um … by this time Ub Iwerks had left them and started his ow n company, this was in 1930, and Disney Studios, as they called themselves, starting … started to produce the famous short cartoons with … starring Mickey and Minnie and Donald Duck and Pluto and Goofy. Er … Roy was the business manager and driving force b ehind the company … er … making it very profitable and Walt was more the … er … imaginative, creative part of the partnership.Presenter: What kind of man was Walt Disney?Peter: Well, according to the artists who worked for him Walt actually couldn't dra w very well … er … most of the characters were actually drawn by Iwerks, but apparently he was an amazing storyteller. He would act out the stories of films doing all the voices and actions to show the illustrators what he wanted them to do and then they had to go off and try to recreate his visualizations.Presenter: The most famous cartoon of all was Snow White — and the best I still think.Peter: Mm, yeah, it was the first feature-length cartoon and it was released in … er … 1935. Now, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs required two million drawings and took three years' work to make. Um … obviously it was … er … very expensive, particularly f or those times. By the way, the British film censor gave it an Adult certificate because he thought that it would be too frightening for little children to see on their own. Er … that was followed by Pinocchio and Fantasia in 1940, Dumbo in 1941. And … er … the Disney Studios also started making … um … some rather low-budget live action feature films for children … er … something which the other studios didn't dare risk doing. Er … some of his films mixed live action with cartoons —er … I'm thinkingabout Mary Poppins, which I think we've probably all seen, made in 1964, where cartoon characters and … and the real life actors appeared together on screen and talked and danced and sang together. Disney was one of the first to see the potential of television, all the other studios were afraid of this medium. Um … so he started to produce films directly for television and … and now of course there's a Disney Cha nnel showing only Disney films.Presenter: And then he dreamt up Disneyland, didn't he?Peter: Ah, "dreamt" is the right word. Disneyland was a creation of the land of his dreams: safe, happy, clean, fairy-tale world with its own Magic Kingdom. The original Disneyland was opened in Los Angeles in 1955 and it cost $17 million. Walt died in 1966 but he was already working on plans for the Disney World in Orlando, Florida, which opened in 1971, and the EPCOT Center near Walt Disney World —that's the "Experimental Prototype Community Of Tomorrow", by the way. And there's also a … a Tokyo Disneyland, which was opened in … um … 1983.Presenter: And … and now there's even an Euro Disneyland near Paris, I think.Peter: Yes, that's right. Um … and the Disney Studios still continue to produce films in the … the house style, the Walt Disney style and presumably it a lways will. Disney's films appealed … um … and still do appeal to children of all ages, but people often criticize them for their lack of taste and they say they're vulgar, but Disney said, "I've never called this art. It's show business and I'm a showman." Well, can you imagine a world without Mickey Mouse?Presenter: Peter Spencer, thank you.Part ⅤDo you know ...?Listen to the recording. You'll hear about the three best real estate deals in the history of America. Find the answers to the following questions.1. The best real estate deal in historyEven in the days when America was known as the New World, it was a country with a reputation for its spirit of enterprise and the ability of its people to make a good deal.When the settlers started negotiating, the natives hardly knew what had hit them — and in the summer of 1626, probably the most spectacular real estate coup in history took place.Governor Peter Minuit of the Dutch West India Company had the job of buying Manhattan Island from the Indians. After some haggling with Chief Manhasset, the price was agreed at 24 dollars' worth of kettles, axes and cloth. Today, $24 would not buy one square foot of office space in New York City, and an office block in central Manhattan changes hands for around $80 million. Even allowing for inflation, Minuit got himself a real bargain.。
listen this way 4 答案 听力原文 ...
money with your money. First, you have to earn money. As a kid, you get money from allowance, gifts, services, or from selling goods such as lemonade. Try to save some, if not all of this money. The next step is to make your money grow through investing.There are two main reasons why you should invest. The first is to stay ahead of inflation and the second is to achieve financial goals. Inflation causes the increase of prices. When a Big Mac goes up from $1.20 to $1.50 or when gas goes up from $1.30 to $1.70 a gallon, we say that is inflation. Y ou need to make more money just to keep up with the rising cost of living.Financial goals can be separated into two types: short-term goals and long-term goals. The first refers to the things that you need or want now or within the year, such as a bike, a computer, or a video game. Generally, it takes less money to reach these short-term goals. However, long-term goals are expensive and require some planning. They are things you need or want in a few years or more, for example, going to college, buying a house, and even starting a business.Investing is like “planting” money. A small amount of money invested will often grow to a larger sum over time. Y ou’ve heard the phrase, “ Time is money.” With investing, time also makes money.Although investing can make money with money, the downside of investing is that there is a risk of losing your money. The key to investing is to minimize the risk and to maximize the financial reward.PART 2-BOn Thursday, April 17, “ National Teach Children to Save Day,” 2500 bankers will make 5000 presentations in elementary school classrooms across the country to teach children how to save money.“Bankers are committed to investin g in the future of children because we want them to be able to make smart financial decisions throughout their lifetime,” said American Bankers Association Executive Vice-president Donald G. Ogilvie, “ Education and money management skills are keys to a better life.”The ABA Education Foundation declared “ National Teach Children to Save Day” as a way to show banking industry support for teaching children money management skills and encouraging them to save money for the future. In 1996, Americans saved only 4.9% of their disposable incomes, compared to 1970 when they saved 8%.The Foundation coordinated a great effort with state bankers associations to encourage bankers to participate in “National Teach Children to Save Day”. It also prepared a resource kit with tools to help bankers make presentations in classrooms. More than 125 000 students will be part of this national initiative.The ABA Education Foundation also offers tips for parents to foster the savings habit in their children:Give them an allowance with the understanding that part of it goes into their own savings—a first step towards learning to budgetTo make their savings visible and real, have them build up savings in a piggy bank. Then help them open their own bank savings account, and have them make deposits each month.Use their monthly statements or the record in their savings passbooks, to show them how their money is multiplyingFor every dollar your children earn, encourage them to spend 25 cents on what they want or need now, put 25 cents away for a bigger-item purchase later and save or invest the rest. (That’s a 50% savings rate!)Make savings and investing fun. Give your children play money to “invest” in stocks they can track in local newspapers. If the stocks go up, pay them in more play money; if the stocks decline, they pay you.PART 3Credit cards are an important part of American life. Whether we have a positive or negative image of credit cards, they are an inescapable part of our finances, either now or in the future.Wit hout a credit card, it’s just about impossible to rent a car, make a hotel or airline reservation, or even get a membership at a video store.Since credit cards are so important, yet so many people are in financial trouble because of them, we feel education is extremely important. We want to show our customers that credit cards are not toys; they are an important responsibility.A credit card can be used to “charge” things like clothes, tapes or CDs, dinner at a restaurant, or maybe a hotel room while you’re on vacation. When you charge something, you are agreeing to pay for your purchase at a later date. Basically, you are buying something now and paying for it later.Credit cards come with a “limit’. Let’s say your credit card has a limit of $100.00 worth of items on your card. Y ou will get a statement in the mail each month that lists the charges you have made. Y ou will also have to make a payment every month that you have a balance owing.Since we’re about educating our customers on the realities of c redit and credit cards, we’re going to be perfectly honest. First, using a credit card can be very expensive. Banks don’t offer credit cards just because they like you. They offer them because they make money when customers use credit cards.How do they make money? When you charge something on a credit card, you not only will have to pay for what you bought, but you will also have to pay interest, or a finance charge, if you don’t pay your bill in full by the due date. The finance charge is your extra cost for having something now and paying for it later. The interest rate on a credit card can be 15% or even higher. If, however, you pay your bill in full every month by the due date, you do not have to pa interest. And of course, we highly recommend you do that!It’s very easy to make lots of purchases on your card and then be surprised at how quickly they add up when your bill arrives! If you’re not careful when you use a credit card, you could find yourself in a lot of debt. And it always takes much longer to pay it off than to spend it.Y ou will also want to be careful about buying things with credit card youwouldn’t normally be able to afford. Again, you can get in over your head and end up paying a tremendous amount of interest.However, when used cor rectly, credit cards can be very helpful. It’s sometimes hard to do certain things without a credit card. Credit cards are also helpful for emergencies and are good for travel. Some credit cards even insure your purchase, meaning if something is lost, stolen, or broken, it can be replaced.We believe the best way to become responsible with credit is to learn through hands-on experience. If you begin at a young age with a low limit, you won’t be likely to blow it and get in financial trouble later on.PART 4-BTeenagers and children everywhere like to buy toys and special treats if they have the money to spend. Indeed studies show there are quite a few young consumers in the world today. But there are some real differences from country to country. An American business school professor has been traveling around the world studying just how children tend to spend their money. He is trying to predict the international market place trends of the future.University Professor James McMill can tell you what type of consumers your economy is going to have in 15 years just by watching the way your children spend money today. He has been making spending predictions like that for thirty years now and is considered so accurate in the United States that advertising agencies frequently call upon his expertise. Over the last decade Mr. McMill began studying children in cultures outside the United States. His most recent stop was Beijing, China, where he studies the consumer behavior patterns of 780 children between the ages of 8 and 12, whose parents’ jobs range from professionals to unskilled workers. Mr. McMill said he anticipated finding very little consumer behavior among China’s children. But he was wrong.“Those children are participating in the market place. Typically there is one child in the household and the child has two, four, six parents. In other words there are two parents and four grandparents, and they’re receiving a great deal of money. But I think it was a surprise to me how robust the economy was, you know firsthand, and how robust the participation in the economy was by the children.”Mr. McMill says most of the money Chinese children spend comes from gifts from their parents and grandparents. In addition, he says, 15% of the (Beijing) children he surveyed are given money for performing household chores and other 6% receive money for work outside the home. China’s children average three and a half store visits a week during which they average one and a half purchase. He estimates children in China receive only 66% as much as children in the United States because Chinese children save more of their income than U.S children. Mr. McMill says the number one purchase for children in both the United States and China is the same thing---snacks.“But when you get to number two then, for our children it’s play, it’s toys, it’s play items; for their children it’s reading material we’ll call it. When you get to number three items, for the Chinese children, it will probably be school supplies and for our children it will be clothing. And when you get to the number four for theirchildren it’ll be toys, play items because they like to play too, and for our children it will probably be electronics of some sort.”PART 5When we think of money today, we picture it either as round, flat pieces of metal which we call coins, or as printed paper notes.However, the earliest method of exchange was barter in which goods were exchanged directly for other goods. Problems arose when either someone did not want what was being offered in exchange for the other good, or if no agreement could be reached over how much one good was worth in terms of the otherV aluable metals such as gold and silver began acting as a medium of exchange. Governments then decided to melt down these metals into coins. By the seventeenth century people were leaving gold with the local goldsmith for safe keeping. Receipts of ?1 and ?5 were issued which could then be converted back into gold at any time. Soon these receipts were recognized as being “as good as gold” and were readily taken in exchange for goods. Goldsmiths became the first specialist bankers and their receipts began to circulate as banknotes.Nowadays, however, notes are not usually used to buy expensive items such as cars. The buyer is more likely to write out a check which instructs his bank to transfer money from his account into the account of the seller. Hence bank deposits act as money.Unit 4 Loans for the DreamPart 1 Getting readyB: Dialogue One.Items ItemsEating out √Hobbies √ Antiques √Food and groceries √Dialogue Two:Items Same Up down figuresEntertainment √ 2566Depreciation √Secretarial expenses √…Motor expenses √2612Audit & accountancy costs √Telephone & postage √Part 2 Raising money for buying a carA: SummaryMr. Jackson … in the college… As… worth repairing, he … . Since… about a hundred pounds for …, … , three hundred fifty to four hundred….The bank … different interest rates and conditions: a Persona l Loan and an OrdinaryLoan. Mr. Jackson is expected to repay the money with 24 months.B.Security charge … Interest rate charged Interest rate …Personal Loan × 7%Ordinary Loan √ 7.5%(1.5%+6%) A day-to-day basis1. 透支额（贷款）overdraft2. 偿还repay3. 短期贷款（业务）lenders in the short term4. 付利息pay interest on5. 担保物collateral6. 寿险life policy7. 房屋的房契deeds of the houses8. 政府证券Government Securities9. 凭证certificate10. 按日计算on a day-to-day basisPart 3 Housing in the U. S. A.A. Outline1. A. cost of housing1. 1/4-1/3 of a family’s income2. depending on size and locationB. way to buy a house—mortgage2. B. easy to get things repaired3. Buying …1. mortgage: …2. condominium: …B. 1. Home buyer borrows money from Bank sells mortgages to Fannie Mae sells shares and mortgage-based securities to Investors2. They control about half the home loans in America.3. Hiding changes in its value, poor supervision and not carefully reporting its finances.4. The stock price of Fannie Mae has dropped.Part 4 More about the topicA: 1. a. merchantable qualityb. fitting for particular purpose/ sellerc. as described2. no / retailer’s responsibility/ take to shop3. item/ too large/ fragile4. evidence of purchase/ date of purchase5. go to court / sue the sellerB. 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. FPart 5 Do you know …?B: Chart 1 Development of the idea of national taxesTime/ Number EventsApril 15th the last day to pay federal taxes1791 tax on whiskey and other alcoholic drink, farmers refused1794 George Washington, 13000 troops, defeated the Whiskey RebellionThe late 1800s people’s pay taxed by Congress, but rejected by the Supre me Court 1913 The 16th Amendment passed, legal for Congress to tax incomeMore than $312000 taxed at 35%, highest rateLess than $7000 no income taxChart 2 Composition of federal money in 20027%— income tax on businessesOver 40— personal income taxBelow 18%— other taxes, including customs35%— taxes for retirement programs and other servicesPart 1 Getting readyB.Sentences Key words Answersa 8000/half 4000b 2000/twice 4000c 2000/double ～4000d 8000/a quarter ≤2000e 4000/similar ～4000C.Dialogue one1. ￡30 000 24%2. overdraft3. sailingDialogue two1. A brand new video was stolen.2. Y es. The speaker paid the premium last week.Dialogue threeSimilarities DifferencesMan A Man Ba.b. A mortgage to payc. Same incomea.b. Never saving moneyc. Spending more on entertaining a. Investing far more in pension schemes.b. Spending more on insurancePart 2 Briefing on personal taxationA. Outline1. Structure of personal taxationA. rates1. lower rate: up to ￡23 700: 25%2. higher rate: above ￡23 700: 40%B. allowances1. single person: ￡32952. married person: ￡50153. pension: maximum 17.5% to 40%4. mortgage interest relief: 7%2. Collection of personal taxA. income tax — PAYEB. National Insurance1. employee’s contribution: 9%2. employer’s contribution: 5% to 10%B. 1. According … both simple and relatively low.2. The new … opt for separate taxation.3. The tax … pension is 40%4. PAYE stands for Pay As Y ou Earn. The scheme … from the employer before … bank transfer to the employee.5. Taxable income … deduction and the allowance have been excluded.Part 3. Should I buy an insurance policy?(1)A. insurance policy save money buying a houseB. 1. A. a fixed objective in mind/ how much to pay each monthB. a fixed objective each month in mind/ how much to produce over some years2. No/ regular & systematic/ short-term/ bank/ Building SocietyPart 4 More about the topicA. unmarried dependents no needAnswer the question with key wordsA. accumulate capital/ expand business/ end of termB. saving to produce a pensionPart 5 Do you know … ?1. T2. F3. F4. T5. TPart 1 Getting readyB: 这部分没有给答案C．Tone Agree?Sincere Doubtful Sarcastic Skeptical Surprised Emphatic Y N1 √√2 √√3 √√4 √√5 √√6 √√7 √√8 √√9 √√10 √√Part 2 National teach children to save dayA: Time: Thursday, April 17Purpose: teaching children how to save moneyWay of teaching: 2500 bankers making 5000 presentationsB: 1. Making savings visible and real: building up savings in a piggy bank/ opening children’s own bank savings account.2. Encouraging children to save as much as they can: putting 25 cents away for every dollar the children earn3. A first step toward learning to budget: giving children an allowance and part of it goinginto their own savings.4. Making savings and investing fun: giving children play money to “invest” in stocks they can track in local newspapersPart 3 Credit cardsA: Outline1. The importance of credit cards2. NatureA. “charge” —paying at a later dateB: “limit”3. The potential disadvantages—expensiveA. easy to make lots of purchases on cardB. likely to pay a tremendous amount of interest4. The benefitsB. helpful for emergenciesC. good for travelPart 4 More about the topicA: Exercise 1Column A Column B1. 32 13 2Exercise 2: Answer the following two questions.1. “Spending priorities” refe rs to the following situation:Americans are spending so much of their income on ever larger houses and cars that they can’t afford to spend on social programs or infrastructure repairs.2. By doing so, one would feel happier, would have fewer disputes of work and lower levels of stress hormones in their blood. One gets sick less often and dies at an older age.B: Summary:Mr. Cox, the vice president of the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas,…, of Myths of Rich and Poor, sees the positive side to the increased prosperity of … Americans arebetter off than they were 30 years ago. Here … :Technological … created hundreds of gadgets that … both easier and more pleasurable, for example, cellular and cordless phones, computers, answering machines, and microwave ovens;Today … about 3/4 have washing machines, half have clothes dryers, 97% have color televisions, 3/4 have VCRs, 2/3 have microwaves and air conditioners, 3/4 own their own automobile, 40% own their own home, half have stereo systems.Part 5 Do you know …?A. Tokyo, Osaka, Oslo, Zurich. Hong Kong, Copenhagen, Geneva, Paris, Reykjavik, LondonB. 1. The euro has appreciated against the US dollar.2. Persistent economic turmoil.3. Tehran.4. The Economist team checks prices of a wide range of items—from bread and milk to cars and utilities—to compile this report.5. Business clients use it to calculate the amount of allowances granted to overseas executive and their families.。
2021Listen this way听力教程第一册-4
2021Listen this way听力教程第一册-4 Unit 4 Can Time Move Backward?Part Ⅰ Getting readyIf you read a clock, you can know the time of day. But no one knows what time itself is. We cannot see it; we cannot touch it; we cannot hear it. We know it only by the way we mark its passing. Despite of all our success in measuring the smallest parts of time, time itself is still one of the great mysteries of the universe.A The following words and phrases will appear in this unit. All of them are related to time. Listen carefully and study the definitions.1. a quarter： fifteen minutes2. half： thirty minutes3. set： put to the right time4. sharp： exactly at the stated time5. be off： be slow6. local time： the time system in a particular part of the world7. sundial： an apparatus, used in former times, which shows the time according to where the shadow of a pointer falls8. hourglass： a glass container for measuring time, which is narrow in the middle so that the sand inside can runslowly from the top half to the bottom, taking exactly onehour9. time zone： any of the 24, each ab out 15 °wide, into which the Earth is divided for the purpose of keeping time.10. GMT： Greenwich Mean TimeThere are four ways of referring to time. For example, 10：35 p.m. can be called twenty-five minutes to eleven in the evening in Britain, twenty-five minutes till / of eleven inthe evening in America, ten thirty-five in the evening in a12-hour clock, and twenty-two thirty-five hours in a 24-hour clock. The 24-hour clock is not commonly used in conversation. It is used especially in timetables and at some radio stations.B You are going to hear eight short dialogues concerning time. As you listen, choose from the following the clockwhich gives the time at which each dialogue takes place and write the number of the dialogue in the brackets above it.We can use a clock or a watch to mark the passing of time. But what time is it now? Clocks in different parts of theworld do not show the same time at the same time.C You are going to hear five statements about time difference. Complete the following sentences.1. When it is and ________ in Tokyo, it is ________ inNew York and ________ in Hong Kong.2. When it is________ in Melbourne, it is ________ in Denver and ________ in Baghdad.3. When it is ________ in Singapore, it is ________ in Miami and ________ in Honolulu.4. When it is ________ in Mexico City, it is ________ in Guam and ________ in Rome.5. When it is ________ in London, it is ________ in Shanghai and ________ in Stantiago.Part Ⅱ Local timeThe time on the earth is set by the sun's position in the sky above. We all have a twelve o'clock noon each day. Noonis the time when the sun is the highest in the sky. But when it is twelve o'clock noon where I am, it may be ten o'clock at night where you are. So it is extremely important to know the local time while travelling.A You are going to hear an announcement made on a plane during landing. Write down every word as a dictation. It will be read three times. In the first reading, you will hear the whole announcement from beginning to end. In the second reading, you will hear a pause after each sentence or just part of a sentence. During the pause, you must write down what you have just heard as quickly as possible. You can check what you have written with the third reading._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________B You are going to hear a recorded phone call. While listening for the first time, add more key words if you canin the left-hand column. After the second listening, complete the messages in the right-hand column with the help of the notes.MessagesFrom： __________ from _____________To： _____________________________Messages：1. He will not be ________ in Melbourne until quite________ this ________, at ________ a.m. ________ time.2. He wants to ________ whether ________ Cox will still be able to ________ him or not.3. ________ the ________ Hotel that he'll be arriving very ________.4. Telex or ________ him to ________.C Now try this： listen to a more authentic version of the phonecall.Part Ⅲ Ladies and gentlemenThere are all kinds of announcements： airport announcements, railway announcements, wedding announcements, radio announcements, TV announcements, meeting announcements, etc. Time and place are usually the most important two features of an announcement.A You are going to hear some announcements made by Professor Williams at the final plenary session of an international conference on urban planning. The following vocabulary is used in the conversation. Guess the meaning when you hear these words in the announcements. Match them with their definitions. Write the correct number before each definition. While you listen don't forget to add more key words in the notes column. They will be very helpful for the next section.1. session __ something that makes you think of a particular person, event, or action2. urban __ those who are in charge and who decide when each person is allowed to speak at an official meeting or debate3. domestic __ a meeting or period of time used for a particular purpose or activity4. lodge __ fruitful, rewarding5. chairpeople __ a large motor vehicle which carries passengers on long journeys by road6. coach __ belonging to or relating to a town or a city7. reprints __ a large gathering of people who meet to discuss the business of their organisation or political group8. reminder __ concerned with the running of a home and family9. convention __ a copy of a book which has been reprinted10. productive __ a small house at the entrance to the grounds of a large house, often used as the home of a gatekeeper or other servantB Below are Professor Williams's notes for the announcements. Listen to his announcements again and fill in the missing information.1. Move ________ discussion of urban ________ to Room________.2. Domestic ________ session will be changed from Room________ to Room ________.3. Return ________ to ________ lodge before ________.4. Return discussion ________ to session ________ by________ o'clock this ________. That's ________ hundred hours.5. First ________ for airport will be outside Kennedy Building at ________ p.m. That's ________ hours.6. Second ________ will be at ________ p.m. That's________ hours.7. Ask delegates to arrive at least ________ before________.8. Ask Drs Schapsinger. Garbeldi and Surinander to________ reprints from conference ________ before ________.9. Dr. Goldman (Chicago ________) ________th Annual________ of PES, in ________, in Hawaii. Ask interested parties to leave ________ at ________ desk.C Now try this： Dr. Collins is a delegate at the conference, and has been attending the sessions on computer-aided building design. This morning he took notes of the discussion he attended. He is leaving the conference today and is booked on the 17：15 plane. He has always wanted to visit Hawaii. Listen to some more authentic versions of the announcements and decide what Dr. Collins will do after he has heard the announcements. Tick all the possible answers.1. Go to Room 201.2. Go to Room 304.3. Get the keys and return them to the conference desk.4. Leave the keys in his room.5. Hand in the notes he took during the morning discussion to the session chairpeople before 5 p.m.6. Wait outside the Kennedy Building at 3：20 p.m.7. Wait outside the Kennedy Building at 5：10 p.m.8. Collect reprints from the conference desk.9. Mark October 6th in his calendar.10. Leave his name at the conference desk.Part Ⅳ More about the topic： Timing DevicesIn the former times people used sundials and hourglassesto measure time. Now we use clocks and watches. There aremany kinds of clocks, to name some： alarm clock, travelling alarm clock, carriage clock, grandfather clock, cuckoo clock, and digital clock.The following short passage is about timing devices. Supply the missing words while listening.Humans have used many devices to ________ time. Thesundial was one of the ________ and ________.A sundial measures the movement of the sun ________ thesky each day. It has a ________ or other_______that rises above a flat ________. The stick blocking sunlight ________ a shadow. As the sun ________, so does the ________ of thestick across the flat surface. Marks on the surface show the passing of ________ and perhaps _______. The sundial workswell only when the sun is ________, so other ways were________ to measure the passing of time.One device is the hourglass. It uses a thin string of falling sand to measure time. The hourglass is shaped likethe number "________" wide at the ________ and ________, but very thin in the ________. In a true hourglass, it takes________ one hour for all the sand to ________ from the________ to the________ through a very small opening in the________. When the hourglass is turned with the ________ down, it begins to ________ the passing of another ________.By the ________ century, people had developed mechanical ________ and ________. And today, many of our clocks and watches are ________.As international communications and ________ increased,it became ________ that it would be necessary to establish a________ time for all parts of the world. In ________, an international __________ divided the world into __________time areas or__________. Each zone represents __________ hour. The astronomical observatory in Greenwich England was chosenas the ________ point for the time zones. __________ zonesare __________ of Greenwich; __________ are __________. The time at Greenwich as __________ by the sun is called_________ time. For many years, it was called Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).Part Ⅴ Memory test： Radio AnnouncementDo you like listening to the radio? Are you fond of watching TV? Knowing the exact time of your favourite programme can save a lot of time.You are going to hear a radio announcer describingtonight's programmes (preferably only one time). After that several questions will be asked. Find the right answers as quickly as possible according to the notes you have takenwhile listening.Notes____________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ____________________1. a. 1 b. 2 c. 32. a. 1 b. 2 c. 33. a. 1 b. 2 c. 34. a. Tuesdayb. Wednesdayc. Thursdayd. Friday5. a. My Favourite Discsb. Tommy Brian Showc. La Traviatab. Tommy Brian Show6. a. My Favourite Discsb. Tommy Brian Showc. La Traviatad. Old People Talking7. a. Jenny Lindley with her friendsb. James Farmer with his friendsc. Felicity Newcombe with her friendsd. Joe Newland with his friends8. a. Scotlandb. St. Paulc. Middle Eastd. Albeit Hall9. a. 11：00 b. 7：30 c. 9：15 d. 8：0010. a. 11：00 b. 7：30 c. 9：15 d. 9：00Part Ⅵ Reminder of key points in this unitVerb & Verb Phrase Noun & Noun Phrase OtherPart Ⅰ set a quarter exactlybe off appointment sharptime differencePart Ⅱ remain seated local time royalhold on a moment announcementinform final positiontelex crewconfirm flube in touch withPart Ⅲ mention session urbanregard conference domestichave sb's attention pollution promptlyshelter particularporter's lodge annualdiscussion record productivechairpeoplecoachdeparture timereprint reminderconventioncalendarPart Ⅳ measure device mechanical block sundial electroniccreate surface commoninvent shadow astronomicalturn upside down hourglass universalmark openingestablish communicationrepresent time area/zoneobservatorystarting pointGreenwich Mean TimePart Ⅴ influen ce announcer favouritestay tuned pensioner socialdisc interval career continuous service pop broadcast livemajor roleadventureinterview。
英语听力教程第三版(张民伦主编)Unit 4 Have a Nice Trip听力原文
Listen this way 听力教程第三册-4Unit 4 Have a Nice TripPart I Getting ready Audioscript: ★ Australia is the world's largest island and its smallest continent. Its total area of 3 000 000 square miles is about the same as that of the continental United States (excluding Alaska).★ The area of Nepal is about 54 000 square miles. Within its borders are five of the world's highest peaks.★ Switzerland is a small, landlocked country, 15 944 square miles in area. It's bordered by France, Austria, and Italy.★ More than 20 000 000 people live in Argentine. About 97 percent are of European stock. Most Argentines live on the eastern plains. Fewer than 19% live in the dry western and northwestern provinces. ★ Austria is 32 376 square miles in area. This makes it twice the size of neighboring Switzerland. There are about 7 150 000 people living in Austria. More than one third of the people live in or near Vienna, the capital city.★ Colombia is the only country in South America with a coastline on both sides of the continent. It is a big country with an area of 439 828 square miles and about 16 300 000 persons live in Colombia.★ Saudi Arabia's area is estimated to be about 830 000 square miles. Almost all of Saudi Arabia's 7 000 000 people are Arabs. Today Saudi Arabia's vast oil resources are paying for the modernization of the country. Conditions there are changing more rapidly than they have for centuries.★ Denmark proper has an area of only 16 575 square miles. It is the smallest of the Scandinavian countries -- Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. But Denmark's population of over 4 600 000 is greater than that of Norway and more than half that of Sweden.Part II CanadaAudioscript:Thank you for calling the Daily News Information line on Canada.Canada is a huge country, second in size only to the former Soviet Union. Yet it has only 26 million people, which is less than half the population of the United Kingdom. It extends from the Great Lakes in the south to the majestic Rocky Mountains in the west, and the bleakArctic Islands in the far north. A third of the country is covered by forest and there are also vast grasslands and countless lakes and rivers.There are great variations in climate. Winters are extremely cold except in Vancouver which has a milder climate owing to its location on the west coast, so take a heavy overcoat and a fur hat. Canadian summers are warm on the whole, especially inland, so you'll only need lightweight clothing.A quarter of all Canadians, mainly those living in the province of Quebec in the east, speak French as their first language. In addition, there are half a million American Indians, a million Germans and smaller numbers of Italians, Ukranians and Inuit. Canada has two official languages: English and French, except in the province of Quebec where French alone is the official language. You'll find English spoken virtually everywhere apart from Quebec and if you plan to visit Quebec City, you'll definitely need a French phrasebook if you don't speak French.Eating out is a pleasure in Canada and you'll find restaurants, coffee shops and snack bars to suit every pocket. Menus offer a wide choice with excellent seafood like Pacific salmon, lobsters and clams, meat dishes including moose steaks and beefsteaks, and also a range of ethnic foods. For the sweet course, the specialty/speciality is waffles, akind of thick pancake, served with maple syrup. Beer is good but foreign wines, even those from neighboring America, tend to be quite dear and local wines are not particularly good.Canada has some of the world's most modern shopping centers. Clothes tend to be slightly expensive by European standards but there are some bargains to be had. Good buys include moccasins, a kind of soft leather shoe made by Indians, woolen gloves and sweaters, wood carvings, leather goods and maple syrup, of course.The unit of currency is the Canadian dollar. Banking hours are from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. Monday to Thursday and till later on Fridays.Have a good trip, and thank you for calling the information line. Part III Travelling around Australia Audioscript:Nancy: Oh, David, hi! You know, I've been meaning to talk to you. I'm planning a trip to Australia, and I wonder if you could give mesome advice.David: Sure! What... what do you want to know?Nancy: Well, I thought I'd start my trip in Sydney. What should I see there?David: Well, the most important thing to see, of course, is the harbor, which is the most beautiful in the world.Nancy: Oh, right. Do they have boat trips?David: Yeah, of course, they do. They have wonderful boat trips! The one ... the one that I recommend particularly is ... is a triparound Have a Nice Trip the harbor in an old sailing ship. Nancy: Oh, that sounds like lots of fun!David: Yeah. And, of course, then there's the Sydney Opera House, which ... which everyone knows about. And, uh, you can see ...see wonderful things there ... concerts and opera and theater. Nancy: Oh, I definitely want to go there! Now what about places to stay? Can you recommend some place inexpensive?David: Yeah, let me see ... Probably, of course, you know I don't stay in these places, but probably the most inexpensive placewould be ... would be a backpacker's hotel. There are lots ofthose.Nancy: OK, thanks. That sounds good. Uh, where should I go after Sydney?David: After Sydney, let's see ... I'd recommend that you travel up the coast to the Great Barrier Reef, which is in North Queensland. Nancy: Right. I've heard a lot about it! But what is there to do there? David: Well, you can go scuba diving and see the coral reef and the tropical fish up close ...Nancy: You know I don't like to get wet.David: Well, there ... there're always ... always these glass-bottom boats you can ... you can travel on. They're ... they're fabulous!Yeah, and, uh, there're ... there are literally hundreds of islandsyou can explore.Nancy: Wow! And are there places to stay?David: Yeah, sure. If you want to spend lots of money, you can stay at one of these fabulous resort hotels or, if you want to ... want todo it on the cheap, you can ... you can go to a guesthouse,which are much cheaper.Nancy: Right. That sounds good. Well, what next?David: Next, well, I guess you should ... should go inland to ... to Ayers Rock in Uluru National Park.Nancy: Ayers Rock? What is that? How do you spell it?David: It's ... it's Ayers Rock. It's ... it's spelled ... let's see, A-Y-E-R-S.It's the largest rock in the world! You must know about it! Nancy: No kidding! No, I've never heard of it! What do you do when you visit it?David: Well, it's mainly hiking and trekking. You can ... you can walk right round the base of it if you like. [Huh!] It takes about ...it's ... it's about five and a half miles, I guess, but [Wow!] it'sreally well worth it. And, uh, there are cave paintings in therock, and the colors of the rock ... at... at sunrise and sunset...are just fabulous!Nancy: Sounds like I should bring my camera!David: You sure should! Finally, let's see, I guess you should travel ...travel north to visit the Kakadu National Park.Nancy: Kakadu? How do you spell that?David: K-A-K-A-D-U. It's ... it's a tropical forest where you can go hiking and see all sorts of wildlife ...Nancy: Oh?David: Oh, and there are some beautiful waterfalls there as well. Nancy: And do they allow camping there?David: Yeah, there are lots and lots of campsites. The only thing is that you've got to watch out for the crocodiles!Nancy: Ugh! Well, David, thanks a lot! You've been a big help! David: No problem.Nancy: I can't wait to go!Statements:1. When David was in Sydney, he didn't stay there for night.2. The Great Barrier Reef is in South Queensland in Australia.3. From what Nancy says, one can know that she is fond of swimming.4. In Uluru National Park, Nancy can see the largest rock in the world.5. If Nancy likes to walk around the base of the rock, she has to walk about five miles.6. Nancy will bring her camera with her when she travels in Australia.7. There are no crocodiles in the tropical forest in Australia.Part IV More about the topic:The story of Denver Audioscript: :Denver is the largest city and the capital of the western state of Colorado. There's a marker on the step in the State Capitol Building. Standing there, you are exactly 1.6 kilometers above sea level, one mile high. Denver is known as "the-mile-high city", but it does not appear to be that high. This is because it is built almost completely on smooth flat land. Denver is the largest city of the Rocky Mountains. Many people believe it is actually in the Rocky Mountains. However, it is about 50 kilometers east of them.The city of Denver has a population of about 470 000 people. This makes it the 26th largest city in the United States. The area around Denver has more than 1 600 000 people. City officials are proud of the fact that Denver receives more than 300 days of sunshine a year.Storms moving east across the country lose much of their strength in the Rockies. So Denver gets only about 3 5 centimeters of rain and snow a year. The nearby mountains, however, get a lot more than that.Denver is the business and marketing center for all the Rocky Mountain area. It has more than 1 500 manufacturing companies. Food processing is the main manufacturing activity. Other factories make equipment for the defense, space, high technology and transportation industries. Gold production is also important. Denver is home to companies that control half the gold produced in the United States.The computer and communications industries have become increasingly important in recent years. Denver has the third highest number of high technology jobs in relation to the population. The area also has become a center for companies that do business in other countries. This is true throughout the western states. In fact, more jobs in the American west are linked to foreign trade than in any other part of the country.Tourism is also an important industry in Denver. For example, the Colorado History Museum shows the history of the native American Indians, gold miners and other people who moved to Colorado. The Denver Museum of Natural History shows Indian objects and examples of local wildlife. Many visitors to Colorado and the Rocky Mountainsuse Denver's new international airport, which opened in 1995. It was the first major new airport built in the United States in 21 years. It cost almost 5 000 million dollars. It is the largest airport in North America, almost 90 000 passengers land at Denver International Airport each day.There is a lot to see and do in Denver. The State Capitol Building is in the center of the city. The top is covered with more than 500 g of gold. On a clear day, a visitor to the Capitol can see for a distance of almost 250 kilometers. 87 years ago, city officials began to purchase land to make sure it would be protected from development. Today, the city owns 8 000 hectares. On this land, Denver has built the largest city park system in the nation. Finally, there's Larama Square. It is a business area that is said to look like Denver of the early 1900s. Larama Square is filled with old buildings, gas lights and vehicles pulled by horses. It is a part of the new Denver that lives in the past.Part V Do you know ...? Audioscript:1.-- This country is an island, and it has a very small population,and most of the population live in the capital city.2.-- Is it a very dry country?3.-- Um -- no.4.-- Is it in the Caribbean?5.-- No, it isn't.6.-- Is it in the Pacific?7.-- No.8.-- Is it in Europe? (Uh, huh)9.-- Is it divided into two halves?10.-- No.11.-- Is it very popular for tourists?12.-- Not really, no.13.-- Is it in the Mediterranean?14.-- No.15.-- Is it in the Atlantic?16.-- Um, yes, I think so.17.-- It's not Iceland, is it?18.-- Yes.19.--This country is quite a large country. It has changed its capitalsince the Second World War, and it's famous for its jungles.20.-- Is it an African country?21.-- No, it isn't.22.-- Is it a South American country?23.-- Yes.24.-- Sorry, did you say it was large or small?25.-- Er, pretty large, (large)26.-- Does it have a newly built capital?27.-- Yes, it does.28.-- Brazil?29.-- Brazil. That's correct.30.-- This is a small country. It's mountainous and it has a smallpopulation.31.-- Is it in Europe?32.-- No.33.-- Is it in Asia?34.-- No.35.-- South America?36.-- No.37.-- Africa?38.-- No.39.-- North America?40.-- No.41.-- Is it a hot country?42.-- Slightly hotter than Britain.43.-- Does it have a dry climate or ... ?44.-- No, it has a very wet climate.45.-- A small population, you said?46.-- Yes.47.-- Is it an island country?48.-- Yes.49.-- Divided into two islands?50.-- Yes.51.-- Is it New Zealand?52.-- Yes.Part VII Watch and enjoy Videoscript:Dan Cruickshank:Over the past month, I've traveled through the Americas from Peru to New York. My next stop is another of the world's great modern cities.In little more than 200 years, Sydney has gone from being a dumping ground for British convicts to a confident metropolis, with a number of potential treasures I'm keen to see. I've come to Sydney to seek my treasure. To find the treasure that captures the extraordinary history, the spirit of this city and this nation. There are several contenders.The first one is obvious -- The Sydney Opera House. It's the great Australian icon and one of the most celebrated buildings of the 20th century.The Opera House was designed in 1957 by a Danish architect, Jorn Utzon. The Opera House was one of the most memorable buildings of the 20th century. Its forms are so strong. They're like a symbol for the city. These great shells one upon the other, incredibly powerful. The influences are complex. Utzon looked at many things. He'd been to Mexico, seen Mayan architecture. He loved the platform. I'm on the platform now. The shells rise from -- rise from the platform.Below are sort of the service parts of the buildings, and these great steps, again from the great Mayan temples in Mexico. So he's thinking of ancient sacred buildings. Utzon also took inspiration from nature. He needed to make the structure easy to build. His solution was ingenious. The shape of each of these shells originates from one form -- a sphere. If one takes an orange and one cuts it into components, I'm now creating the surface of the shells on a miniscule scale. And these surface shapes of standard geometrical form are the basis of the shell structure of the city Opera House, you see. Incredible this use of nature, use of simple forms, use of powerful elemental geometry, use of modern building materials -- concrete, all very ingenious, to create emblematic building, which sums up the city, which has captured the imagination of the world, which says Sydney.My heart sinks when I enter the Opera House. It seems like another building. The imaginative design of the exterior has not been repeated inside. It's all because in 1966 Uzton walked off the project after rows over the design and escalating budget. The consequences of Uzton's resignation were, well, tragic really. The fact is the relationship between the inside and the outside is, er, what shall one say -- unresolved, unsatisfactory. It's good in parts, but not as good as it ought to be and that's very sad. A masterpiece has been flawed.。
Listen this way 听力教程1_Unit 4
Unit 4 Can Time Move Backward?
Part I Getting ready (A)
1. a quarter: fifteen minutes 2. half: thirty minutes 3. set: put to the right time 4. sharp: exactly at the stated time 5. be off: be slow
3. Woman: Could you give me the time? Man: It’s 7:05 exactly.
4. Man: What time have you got? Woman: About 4:30.
5. Man: Can that clock be right? Woman: That clock is always off. It’s 3 o’clock sharp.
Er…may I speak to Mrs. Cox, please? Woman: Oh, I’m afraid Mrs. Cox is away. She has the flu and
she may not be back in the office till Monday. I expect her assistant, Mr. Cox, can help. I’ll just see if he is in the office. Hold on a moment, please.… Hello, Mr. Wong? Mr. Wong: Yes.
全新版大学英语(第二版)听说教程4答案unit5
Unit 5 Friendship
Listening Tasks
Word Bank
Speaking Tasks
Exercise 1 Exercise 2
Language and Cultural Notes
drain
fluid broaden enliven overlook swan
v. to cause to flow out gradually 使……渐渐流出 n. a liquid 液体 v. to make broader 使……开阔 v. to make more active and cheerful 使……有生气 v. to give a view from above 俯视 n. a large bird with a long neck and white feathers that swims on lakes 天鹅
Unit 5 Friendship
Pre-listening Task Language Focus
2. What is true friendship? True friendship is rational and responsible. True friendship is when he has one bottle of water in the desert, he would like to share half bottle with you. To me, friendship is like the two oars of a boat, they both help to pull the boat forward to its destination. Sometimes they are not coordinating very well with each other in the process of providing the power for the boat. But they need each other and can adjust each movement to get along. Besides, a true friend can be someone who is totally different with you, but
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Unit 5 Briefing on Taxation and Insurance PoliciesPart I Getting readyA.B. Keys:a. 1 : 8000/half 2 : 4000b. 3 : 2000/twice 4 : 4000c. 5 : 2000/double 6 : 4000.d. 7 : 8000/a quarter 8 : 2000e. 9 : 4000/similiar 10 : 4000C. Keys:Dialogue one:1 : $300002 : 24%3 : overdraft4 : sailingDialogue two:1 : A brand new video was stolen.2 : Yes.The speaker paid the premium last week.Dialogue three:1 : mortgage2 : income3 : saving money4 : entertaining5 : pension schemes6 : insurancePart II Briefing on personal taxationA. Keys:1 : Structure2 : rates3 : 25%4 : 40%5 : ￡32956 : ￡50157 : pension8 : 40%9: 7%10 : collection 11 : PAYE 12 : Insurance 13 : 9% 14 : 10%B. Keys:1 : 10%2 : simple and relatively low3 : separate taxation4 : 40%, Pay As You Earn, the employer5 : the employeePart III Should I buy an insurance policy? (I)A. Keys:1 : insurance policy2 : save money3 : buying a houseB. Keys:1 : a fixed objective in mind/how much to pay each month; a fixed objective each month in mind/how much to produce over some years3 : No; regular & systematic/short term/bank/Building SocietyPart IV More about the topic: Should I buy an insurance policy? (II)A. Keys:1 : unmarried2 : dependents3 : no need4 : acumulate capital/expand business/end of term5 : saving to produce a pensionPart V Do you know…?A. Keys:1 : T2 : F3 : F4 : T5 : TTape scriptPart I Getting readyA.B.a. We expected about eight thousand, but it was half of that.b. We estimated about two thousand, but it's twice as much as that.c. Her salary is about two thousand, and his is about double that.d. We thought about eight thousand, but it's not more than a quarter of that.e. We thouht about four thousand, and it's similiar to that.C.Dialogue one:A: About 24% of my income goes in tax, which is quite low — I don't know how they manage in places where tax rates are higher. I have a good job — I suppose I earn about thirty grand with bonuses, but I wouldn't say that we were well-off. We can't afford to run two cars. The cost of living is very high here.B：Does your wife work?A：She does at the moment. We're trying to clear our overdraft, and there isn't a lot left over. We do spend a lot on food, but then we are a big family — it's difficult to economize. We spend very little on holidays, we usually go camping, which the children prefer anyway. We did go abroad for a week last year but that was exceptional. I don't know where the money goes. We don't often go out.B：What about hobbies?A：I'm keen on sailing, but it's an expensive pastime. We do spend a bit on the children, Angela loves riding, but we're careful, we have to be.Dialogue two：A：We were broken into yesterday. They took the video. It was brand new.B：oh no,what was it worth?A: About £300.B: I hope you're insured.A：Yes, luckily I paid the premium last week. But I'll have to make a claim. It's a real nuisance. B：Are you covered for electrical goods?A：I assume so. I'll check — I have to call them to get a claim form.Dialogue three:A: His commitments are very similiar to mine. We both have a family to support and a mortgage to pay. My guess is that his income is about the same as mine. I don't understand how he can afford a cottage in the country.B: He probaly borrowed the money. Your basic situation may be similiar to his but he's very different from you. He never saves a penny. I bet you invest far more than he does in pension schemes, and so on. For example, how much do you spend on insurance per year?A: That's my business.B: OK, let's say it's three thousand, including life insurance.A: It isn't nearly as much as that!B: Maybe not, but the point is that he probably spends twice as much as that just on entertaining..Part II Briefing on personal taxationGood afternoon, ladies abd gentlemen. What I'd like to do essentially is to answer two questions. Firstly, how is personal taxation structured in the UK? And secondly, how is it levied?So, if you take a look at this transparency, you'll see that, contrary to popular opinion, UK personal taxation is both simple and relatively low. There are two rates: 25% on taxable income up to ￡23700, and 40% on income above this figure. You'll notice I say taxable income, as, like most countries, there are a series of deductions and allowances which can be taken into account before arriving at your net taxable income figure. The major one relates to the status of the individual: a single person's allowance at present stands at ￡3295, while a married person's allowance is currently ￡5015.At this point I should mention that the goverment has recently introduced legislation which allows married couples to opt for separate taxation.Other allowances or deductions which are common are, firstly, tax relief on private pensions. At the moment this allowable up to 17.5% of totle income, to the age of 35, rising to 40% at above 60 years old. Also the tax relief on mortgages or loans or buy a house—here there is currently 7% tax relief on the interest payable to the bank or Building Society.Right, that covers the first part of my presentation, I'd now like to move on to how personal tax is levied.The Inland Revenue obliges employers to operate a PAYE(Pay As You Earn)scheme, which means the tax is deductible at source. In other words, by the employer before making out the monthly salary check or bank transfer to the employee. The tax is then collected direct from the employer. At the same time I should mention that the employer is obliged to deduct National Insurance from the employee's salary-the employee's contribution being roughly 9% of income, the employer's ranging from 5 to 10%. These are approximate figures as it is also income-related. Right, ladies and gentleman, that covers the broad picture. I'm sure you'd like to ask me for some specific details.Part III Should I buy an insurance policy? (I)J: Good morning. Er, my name is Jackson. Er, I'm interested in taking out an insurancepolicy. I've been told that, that this is quite a good way to save money. Is it a good way to save money? [Yes…] Is this true?I: ...it's one of the, one of the ways of saving money.J: Erm... I haven't got very much money, erm, I don't earn very much. What... how much would I have to pay for this, if I, if I (take)...I: As little or as much as you like to pay. How much had you in mind, in fact?J: Well, erm… er, I don't really know anything about it. What's… how much does one pay? I: Well, you can work it in two ways. You either sort of aim at a fixed objective, say, astraight thousand pounds policy. In other words, you have your object in mind and you want to know how much it's going to cost you. Alternatively, you can work the reverse way, where you say "I would like to save two five pounds a month, over so many years.What would this produce for me?J: I see. And this thousand pounds, I get it... when I die... or else at a certain age, is that right?I: Well, this would depend entirely upon your needs. Now, are you in fact a single man or married?J: No, I'm unmarried.I: You are unmarried. Erm, have you any dependents at all?J: Well...I: F, for example, you have an … dependent mother, or dependent sisters or brothers?J: Not dependent, no. Mm. But I suppose as time goes on, they may become more dependent, er [Mm]J: It's difficult to say.I: There's always a possibility, I presume, that you may get married at some stage in the future.J: Quite. Yes. Yes.I: Uh-huh, erm... so I take it that your main interest in life insurance is, in fact, as you say, in saving money? Is this right?J: Yes, that's, that's the main thing. [Now…] One doesn't think about death so very much. I: What sort of object in saving would you have? I mean, why do you feel that you want to save money?J: Well, I think that at a certain age, erm, I haven't decided what age it would be, it would be nice to have a, a lump sum. I suppose for example, when I retire, it would be nice to have a lump sum for moving away or, erm, buying a house or doing something like that.[Yes] Erm... I suppose sixty, sixty-five, I, I don't really know. Or is it possible to have it earlier than that?I: Yes, indeed, you can take any sort of saving scheme, erm, over a period of years, ranging from ten upwards. A life insurance is absolutely no good for short-term savings. When I say short-term, I mean any period up to ten years. [Yes] If you're interested in saving, say for two or three years then, in fact, you want to use something like a Bank or a Buildig Society. Erm [Oh,I see]... Life Insurance works more as a system of saving over long term...ten plus years... [Yes]... erm...because it is regular and it is systematic.Part IV More about the topic: Should I buy an insurance policy? (II) J: Erm. From your experience, can you say what, what age it is that people normally ... like to have a, a lump sum?J: Fifty or something like that?I: Varies entirely according to their needs, I mean, if you take someone in er, a self-employed position, say a shop-keeper ... [Yes] Erm ...J: He would want to develop his business, perhaps, at a certain (time).I: Yes, I mean he, he, he may, he may well have two needs. One, he may be ... he will want to accumulate money over a fairly short term, say fifteen years, [Mm] so that at the end of fifteen years he has the capital, and by that stage, he will have the experience from working in a business to expand it, [Yes] Alternatively, his second need may be something in (th) need of... a pension. [Yes] He, unlike employees, hasn't got a compulsory pension scheme, and he may want a system of saving which is going to produce for him a pension when he feels he would like to retire.J: Yes. So, er, I suppose in my case, I'm not, not self-employed, perhaps it might be something like … er … the needs of the children at a certain age. I mean, children who are coming into adolescence, for example…I: Yes. Mm…J: They, they have a lot of needs then. Clothing, perhaps education, er, [Yes. Ind ...] this sort of thing.I: Indeed. When you get married you will find that, you know, a number of needs come up to do with life insurance, erm, on what we call the life cover side. [Yes] Erm, in other words, the amount ... that ... your wife and children would receive from an insurance company in the event of your dying. [Yes] But, at the moment, as a single man, you have no need for this type of policy, you see; and any ... savings scheme ...Part V Do you know…?A: How do prices in Iceland compare with those in the UK? I've heard that it's an expensive country.B: Yes, it always has been, but at the moment the pound is quite strong against the krona, so things like eating out in restaurant and staying in hotels are cheaper than they used to be. But eating out is still quite expensive, and drinks cost about twice as much as they do in the UK — a bottle of wine in a restaurant is extremely expensive. But I don't mind paying the prices — the fish is fantastic as you would expect and the lamb is wonderful.Food in the shops is still expensive, probably on average about one and half times more expensive than in the UK.A: Do you manage to get out much, or do you spend all of your time working when you're there?B: I try to get out and see as much of the country as possible, yes. I like to go fishing when I have the chance — Iceland is a great place for fishing. Last time I was there I did actually manage to find time to drive up to the fishing port at Akrances, I'm not sure how you pronounce it, from Reykjavik. I went out on a boat and caught quite a lot of fish, for once —mainly cod and haddock. To get to Akrances you have to drive past some fantastic mountain scenery. You really should go to Iceland if you have the chance. I don't know anywhere else like it.。