牛津沪教版英语八年级上动词不定式及其用法
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教学过程
八年级上动词不定式及其用法
1.动词不定式的基本概念:
动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”,有时可以不带to。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句中不能做谓语,但可以有自己的宾语和状语。动词不定式跟它的宾语和状语构成了不定式短语,例如:to read the book, to speak at the meeting等。
2.动词不定式的用法:
动词不定式具有名词,形容词和副词的特性,因此可在句中作主语,表语,宾语,宾语补足语,状语和定语。
句子用法:
作主语:eg:1)To take part in sports is important.
2)To see is to believe.
动词不定式做主语时常常由it来代替它,做形式主语,而动词不定式放在句末。
eg: It’s great to see you again.
It is important to learn English well.
It was rewarding to take part in this exchange programme
It will take us a month to go on study trip to New York.
It is necessary for governments to control the population growth.
做表语:eg:The best way is to pratice.
My dream is either to be a diplomat or to be a teacher of English .
A popular use of the computer is to send a e-mail.
Her wish is to become a famous star.
The best way is to read the play before you see it.
做宾语:eg: We are talking about how to solve the problem.
I think it not difficult to keep reading English every morning.
做宾补:eg: We all expect him to win the contest.
Our teacher told us to listen carefully in class.
注意:感官动词,或使役动词+宾语+无to的不定式
Is Jack in the library ?
Maybe I saw him go out with some books just now.
Let those in need understand that we will go all out to help them.
做定语:Liu Yang is the Chinese woman astronaut to enter the space.
You are the last one to win the price.
In the future , human will have less work to do.
Why don’t you go out to play Rose?
I’m afraid I can’t . I have a lot of homework to do.
做状语:动词不定式做状语可以修饰动词,一般在句中做原因,目的和结果状语,动词不定式做状语可单独放在句首,句中或句末。做结果状语通常用在下列句式中:so …as to … such as to… enough to…
too…to…
Do you feel energetic and ready to start a new day?
His wife was shocked to see how her neighbours treated their children.(原因状语)
In ancient China ,food was stored with ice to keep it fresh
To water the flowers , he used two baskets. (目的状语)
He returned home to find his friend Tom waiting for him.(结果状语)
中考链接:
1.All my classmates want _____ something for the 2008 Olympics.
A.d0 B.doing C.to do D.done
2.Please be quiet.We are not allowed _____ much noise in the reading room.A.to make B.make C.making D.to making
3.In winter people usually keep flowers in their houses to _____ them from the cold.A.produce B.provide C.protect D.plant
4.Let's stop _____.I know a good restaurant near here.
A.to have a meal B.to have a rest
C.having a rest D.having a meal
5.Colours can change our moods and make us _____ happy or sad,energetic or sleepy.A.to feel B.feeling C.felt D.feel
6.- How do you know that she likes singing?
- I often hear her _____ after class.
A.to sing B.sang C.sing D.sings
7.It's a good habit _____ breakfast every day.
A.had B.have C.has D.to have