牛津沪教版英语八年级上动词不定式及其用法

教学过程八年级上动词不定式及其用法1.动词不定式的基本概念：动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，有时可以不带to。

动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能做谓语，但可以有自己的宾语和状语。

动词不定式跟它的宾语和状语构成了不定式短语，例如：to read the book, to speak at the meeting等。

2.动词不定式的用法：动词不定式具有名词，形容词和副词的特性，因此可在句中作主语，表语，宾语，宾语补足语，状语和定语。

句子用法：作主语：eg:1)To take part in sports is important.2)To see is to believe.动词不定式做主语时常常由it来代替它，做形式主语，而动词不定式放在句末。

eg: It’s great to see you again.It is important to learn English well.It was rewarding to take part in this exchange programmeIt will take us a month to go on study trip to New York.It is necessary for governments to control the population growth.做表语：eg：The best way is to pratice.My dream is either to be a diplomat or to be a teacher of English .A popular use of the computer is to send a e-mail.Her wish is to become a famous star.The best way is to read the play before you see it.做宾语：eg: We are talking about how to solve the problem.I think it not difficult to keep reading English every morning.做宾补：eg: We all expect him to win the contest.Our teacher told us to listen carefully in class.注意：感官动词，或使役动词+宾语+无to的不定式Is Jack in the library ?Maybe I saw him go out with some books just now.Let those in need understand that we will go all out to help them.做定语：Liu Yang is the Chinese woman astronaut to enter the space.You are the last one to win the price.In the future , human will have less work to do.Why don’t you go out to play Rose?I’m afraid I can’t . I have a lot of homework to do.做状语：动词不定式做状语可以修饰动词，一般在句中做原因，目的和结果状语，动词不定式做状语可单独放在句首，句中或句末。

做结果状语通常用在下列句式中：so …as to … such as to… enough to…too…to…Do you feel energetic and ready to start a new day?His wife was shocked to see how her neighbours treated their children.(原因状语)In ancient China ,food was stored with ice to keep it freshTo water the flowers , he used two baskets. (目的状语)He returned home to find his friend Tom waiting for him.(结果状语)中考链接：1．All my classmates want _____ something for the 2008 Olympics．A．d0 B．doing C．to do D．done2．Please be quiet．We are not allowed _____ much noise in the reading room．A．to make B．make C．making D．to making3．In winter people usually keep flowers in their houses to _____ them from the cold．A．produce B．provide C．protect D．plant4．Let's stop _____．I know a good restaurant near here．A．to have a meal B．to have a restC．having a rest D．having a meal5．Colours can change our moods and make us _____ happy or sad，energetic or sleepy．A．to feel B．feeling C．felt D．feel6．- How do you know that she likes singing?- I often hear her _____ after class．A．to sing B．sang C．sing D．sings7．It's a good habit _____ breakfast every day．A．had B．have C．has D．to haveA．not to swim B．to not swimC．swim not to D．to swim not9．- will you please give some advice on _____ English at home．- Well, do a lot of reading and listening to English program．A．how to read B．how to learnC．when to use D．where to use10．In the United States，you're not supposed _____ with your hands．A．to eat B．eating C．eats D．ate11．- Thank you for the great trouble you have taken _____ me with my English．- Think nothing of it．A．with helping B．to helpC．in helping D．helping12．Drivers are warned _____ when they are tired．A．to drive B．not drive C．not to drive13．- There goes the bell．- It's time for class．Let's stop _____．A．talk B．to talkC．talking D．not talk14．- Mr Wang，I have trouble _____ the text．- Remember _____ it three times at least．A．to understand，reading B．understanding；readingC．understanding；to read D．to understand；to read15．It took my daughter two weeks _____ the novels _____ by Yang Hongying．A．read，written B．to read，writtenC．reading，to write D．to read，wrote16．(2007·北京)I had a bad cold．The doctor asked me _____ in bed．A．staying B．to stay C．stayed D．stays17．- Do you often see William _____ on the playground?- No．but he is often seen _____ Chinese Kongfu in the park．A．run，play B．run，to playC．running，play D．running，to play18．- Would you like to go swimming in the fiver with us?- Sorry，1 won't. Our teacher often tells us _____ that．A．not do B．to do C．not to do19．- I didn't come to school because my mother was ill yesterday．- I'm sorry _____ that．A．hearing B．hear C．hears D．to hear20．Li Ming was too tired．So he _____ rest．A．stops to have a B．stopped to have aC．stopped have D．stopped having a21．- I'm sorry I _____ my exercise book at home．- Don't forget _____ it to school tomorrow，please.A．1eft，bringing B．1eft，to bringC．forgot，to bring D．1eft，to take22．- we can use QQ to talk with each other online．- Really? Could you please show me _____ it?A．what to do B．how to do23．I saw him _____ basketball with Jack an hour ago．A．plays B．to play C．played D．play24．She has no paper _____．A．to write B．to write withC．writing on D．to write on25．No one told us _____．We need your help．A．how should we do B．what should we doC．how to do it D．what to do it1. This company was the first ____ portable radios as well as cassette tape recorders in the world.A. producingB. to produceC. having producedD. produced2. The purpose of new technology is to make life easier, ____it more difficult.A .not making B. not make C .not to make D. nor to make3. Helen had to shout ______above the sound of the music .A .making herself hear B. to make herself hearC. making herself heard D .to make herself heard4. I don't know whether you happen_______ ,but I am going to study in the U.S.A this September.A .to be heard. B. to be bearing C .to hear D .to have heard5. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ______the film stars had left.A .to tellB .to be toldC .tellingD .told6. You were silly not _______your car.A. to lockB. to have lockedC. lockingD. having locked7. The teacher asked us ______so much noise.A .don't make B. not make C. not making D .not to make8. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _____clear warnings before firing any shots.A .to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued9. I'd rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than_______ a room with someone else.A. to shareB. to have sharedC. shareD. sharing10. The bank is reported in the local newspaper_________ in broad daylight yesterday.A. robbedB. to have been robbedC. being robbedD. having been robbed11. A number of paintings in the castle are believed ________in a fire.A. being destroyedB. having been destroyedC. to be destroyedD. to have been destroyed12. The meeting _______ next week is sure to be a great success.A. to take placeB. to be taken placeC. to have taken placeD. being taken place13. As a result of my laziness, I failed ________ my work in time.A. and finishedB. to finishC. and finishingD. to finished14. I am sorry ______ written you a letter at the time.A. to have notB. to not haveC. not to haveD. not having15. Will you lend him a magazine _________?A. to be readB. for readingC. to readD. he read16. He could do nothing but _______for the bus _________.A. wait, to comeB. wait; comeC. waiting; comingD. waited; came17 .It is a problem that doesn't need ________ right now.A. to solveB. solvingC. being solvedD. to be solving18. There's a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _______ trouble.A. makingB. to makeC. to have madeD. having made19. I remember _______him _______the bike needed __________.A. hearing, saying, to repairB. to hear, say, to repair20. --- You should have thanked her before you left.--- I meant _________, but when I was leaving I couldn't find her anywhere.A. to doB. toC. doingD. doing so21. Robert is said to __________ abroad, but I don't know what country he studied in.A. to have studiedB. to study B. to be studying D. to have been studying22. I'm gong to Xi'an next week. Have you anything __________ to your parents?A. to takeB. to be takenC. to be bought toD. to buy23. when are they __________ in their plan?A. handB. handedC. to handD. give24. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they _____________.A. have survivedB. are to surviveC. would survivedD. will survive25. When we hurried to the station, there happened ________ no bus at that time.A. to haveB. to beC. havingD. being26. I lost my way in complete darkness and, _________ matters worse, it began to rain.A. madeB. having madeC. makingD. to make27. At ________ time does the salesgirl get up late in the morning, though she is always too busy _________ a good rest.A. no, to takeB. no, takingC. any, to takeD. one, taking28. --Are you a student? --No, but I used _________.A. to beB. to wasC. to doD. to be a29. I stopped to listen, and my son seemed _________ himself _________ in the living room.A. to enjoy, to shutB. to be enjoying, shuttingC. to be enjoying, shutD. to have enjoyed, having shut30. With a lot of difficult problems _________, the newly-elected president is having a hardA. settledB. settlingC. to settleD. being settled31. We're leaving at six o'clock, and hope _________ most of the journey by lunch time.A. to doB. to have doneC. to makeD. to have made32. The study of the wild world may help to make the world easier _________.A. understoodB. to be understoodC. to understandD. understand33. Who will you get __________ the project for us?A. designB. to designC. designedD. designing34. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government know __________.A. it what to do withB. what to do it withC. what to do with itD. to do what with it35. We are not allowed __________ outdoors with some other children.A. playingB. to be playingC. to playD. be playing36. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _________ to carry all the way home.A. much too heavyB. too much heavyC. heavy too muchD. too heavy much37. She feels so strongly that each of us should have a role __________in making the earth a better place to live in.A. to have playedB. to playC. to be playedD. to be playing38. When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person _________.A. to sendB. for sending itC. to send it toD. for sending it to39. Do let your mother know all the truth, she appears _________ everything.A. to tellB. to be toldC. to be tellingD. to have been told40. There are five pairs ___________, but I'm at a loss which to buy.A. to be chosenB. to choose fromC. to chooseD. for choosing41. The problem is _________ difficult for us __________.A. so; work outB. very too; to be worked outC. rather too, to work outD. quite too, to work it out1. He was so angry that he couldn't say anything.He was too angry _______ ______ anything.2. I don't know when we will have the meeting.I don't know when _______ _______ the meeting.3. He said he would write a letter.He said he would have a letter ______ _______.4. That you read English in the morning is very important.It is very important _____ you _____ _______ English in the morning.5. He was so strong that he could lift the stone. （石头）He was strong _____ _____ ______ the stone.6. His father went to Beijing for his holiday.His father went to Beijing ________ ______ his holiday.7. They got up early so that they could get there in time.They got up early _____ ______ _______ ______ there in time.8. His brother decided that he would buy the book.His brother decided _____ _______ the book.9. He hopes that he can visit the Great Wall.He hopes _____ _______ the Great Wall.10.I saw him go into the room.He was seen _____ ______ into the room.11.We made him work five hours a day.12.Do you want to say anything for yourself?Do you have anything _____ _____ for yourself?13.We don't know what we shall do next.We don't know what ____ _______ next.14.I'm very sorry on hearing the bad news.I'm very sorry _____ _______ the bad news.15.He stopped and had a look at me.He stopped _____ ______ a look at me.16.I helped him with his English.I helped him _____ ______ English.17.My father promised （许诺）that he would buy me a bike.My father promised ____ ______ me a bike.18.The box is so heavy that I can't carry it.The box is too heavy ______ me _______ _______.19.“Lie down! ”the boy said to his dog.The boy ordered his dog ______ ______ down.20.“Don't make any noise, ”she said to me. She told me ______ _______ ________ any noise.。