胜利原油常压蒸馏工艺的设计说明

1000万吨/年胜利原油常减压工艺设计

摘要

本次设计主要是设计一年胜利原油处理量能力为1000万吨的常压塔,其次为塔板的设计.

原油常压蒸馏作为原油的一次加工工艺，在原油加工总流程中占有重要作用，在炼厂具有举足轻重的地位，其运行的好坏直接影响到后续的加工过程。其中重要的分离设备—常压塔的设计，是能否获得高收率、高质量油的关键。近年来常减压蒸馏技术和管理经验不断创新，装置节能消耗显著，产品质量提高。但与国外先进水平相比，仍存在较大的差距。

塔板型式选用F

型33克重阀浮阀塔板,依据常压塔内最大汽,液相负荷处算

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得塔板外径为8m,板间距为0.6m.这部分最主要的是核算塔板流体力学性能及操作性能,使塔板在适宜的操作范围内操作.

本次设计结果表明,参数的校核结果与假设值间误差在允许范围内,其余均在经验值范围内,本次设计就此完成。

关键词：常压塔，浮阀塔板，流体力学。

1000Mt/a shengli crude oil normal pressures

columns

Abstract

A atmosperic distillation column,which is able to treat crucd oil 1000Mt a year ,is designed mainly ,and atype of tray.

As a part of crude oil processing technic ,the normal pressures distilion of crude oil is very important in the whole processing schemes of crude oil and refineries and its operation status directly affects the continuing machine process.There are a kind of important separate equipment---- normal pressures columns ,which is the key to attain high efficient , high quality oil. In recent years,firstly the distillion technique of normal pressures and manage experience were innovated constantly ;secondly equipments’ effect of saving energy is remarkable ;thirdly product quality was improved.But compare to international advanced techniques,there are a long distance.

valve tary ,which weigth 33g a valve ,is be chosen .It is outside

A type of F

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diamete determined by the vapour load of the column is 8m .The tray spacing is 0.6m . The most important work is to calculate the hydromechanics performance and the operating flexibility of the tray .The tray should be operatd in a proper area .

The results show that the errors between the assumed values and the results ate in the range pwemitted or the results are in the range os empirical values .So the design is completed .

Key word ：Atmospheric distillating column ,valve tray ,hydromechanics.

目录

1文献综述 (1)

1.1 胜利油田的性质 (1)

1.2 常减压装置在炼厂总加工流程中的作用........................................... 错误！未定义书签。

1.3 常减压装置的目的产品及性能 (1)

1.3.1常减压装置的目的产品种类 (1)

1.3.2常减压装置产品性能 (2)

1.4 常减压蒸馏塔顶缓蚀剂的筛选及防腐问题的应对......................... 错误！未定义书签。

1.4.1常减压蒸馏塔顶腐蚀原因的机理分析 (2)

1.4.2常减压蒸馏塔顶缓蚀剂的筛选 (3)

1.4.3 缓蚀剂的合成 (3)

1.4.4 缓蚀剂性能比较评价................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

1.4.5 缓蚀剂与中和剂的复配效果评价 (3)

1.4.6 加强常减压蒸馏塔顶防腐蚀工作的几点建议..................... 错误！未定义书签。

1.5 常减压蒸馏装置用缓蚀剂的研究现状及展望.................................. 错误！未定义书签。

1.5.1 常减压蒸馏装置腐蚀机理.......................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

1.5.2常减压蒸馏装置用缓蚀剂的研究现状.................................... 错误！未定义书签。

1.5.3缓蚀剂的作用机理......................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

1.5.4 缓蚀剂的发展趋势........................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。

1.6 常减压蒸馏装置的节能降耗措施 (5)

1.7总结 (8)

2 设计说明书 (8)