2022高考英语一轮复习第二部分语法专项突破第3板块理清复杂句式专题2定语从句对点训练含解析新人教

第二局部语法专项突破

第三板块理清复杂句式

专题二定语从句

————————————◄对点训练►———————————Ⅰ.单句语法填空(高考真题改编)

1. (2019年天津卷)Their child is at the stage ________ she can say individual words but not full sentences.

解析 : 句意 : 他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不是完整句子的阶段。stage表示〞阶段〞 , 后接定语从句时 , 应该用关系副词where引导。

答案 : where

2. (2019年北京卷) The students benefitting most from college are those ______ are totally engaged (参与) in academic life, taking full advantage of the college's chances and resources (资源).

解析 : 先行词为those , 指大学生们 , 故用who引导定语从句 , who在从句中作主语。关系代词that可以指人 , 填that也可以。

答案 : who/that

3. (2019年浙江卷)Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways. A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ________ gives off light in the dark.

解析 : 空处后面的内容用来修饰 a piece of cloth , 而且在从句中作主语 , 所以用that或which来引导。

答案 : that/which

4. (2019年全国卷Ⅱ)Now Irene Astbury works from 9 a．m. to 5 p．m. daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, ________ she opened with her late husband Les.

解析 : 分析句子结构可知 , 逗号后是非限制性定语从句 , the pet shop是先行词 , 定语从句中缺少opened的宾语 , 故用which引导非限制性定语从句。

答案 : which

5. (2019年全国卷Ⅲ)They were well trained by their masters ________ had great experience with caring for these animals.

解析 : 分析句子结构可知 , 所填词引导定语从句 , 修饰指人的先行词their masters , 且在从句中作主语 , 故填关系代词who或that。

答案 : who/that

6. (2018年全国卷Ⅰ)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ________ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running

reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.

解析 : 分析句子结构可知 , 空处引导定语从句 , 先行词是 a study , 指物 , 且在从句中作主语 , 故填that或which。

答案 : that/which

7. (2018年江苏卷)Self­driving is an area ________ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.

解析 : 句意 : 无人驾驶是一个中国和世界上其他国家处于同一条起跑线上的领域。空处引导的是定语从句 , 修饰先行词an area。将先行词代入定语从句后为 : China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line in the area。由此可知 , 先行词与表地点的介词in一起在定语从句中作地点状语 , 所以要用关系副词where。

答案 : where

8. (2018年北京卷)She and her family bicycle to work, ________ helps them keep fit.

解析 : 句意 : 她和家人都骑自行车上班 , 这有助于他们保持健康。根据题干可知 , 从句修饰的是前面的整句话 , 〞她和家人骑自行车上班〞这件事充当了定语从句中的主语成分 , 且此定语从句前出现逗号 , 是非限制性定语从句 , 所以用which引导。

答案 : which

9. (2018年天津卷)Kate, ________ sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.

解析 : 句意 : 凯特去澳大利亚工作了。上大学期间我和她妹妹住同一房间。先行词为Kate , 将先行词代入定语从句后为 : I shared a room with Kate's sister when we were at college。由此可见 , 关系词在定语从句中作定语 , 先行词指人 , 故填关系代词whose。

答案 : whose

10. (2017年全国卷Ⅰ)Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, ________ is not good for the health.

解析 : 分析句子结构可知 , 空处所填词引导非限制性定语从句 , 并在从句中作主语 , 且指代整个主句的内容 , 故填关系代词which。

答案 : which

11. (2017年全国卷Ⅲ)But Sarah, ________ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.

解析 : 引导词代替先行词在从句中作主语 , 且指人 , 故填who。

答案 : who

12. (2017年北京卷)The little problems ________ we meet in our daily lives