载重汽车转向系统结构设计

载重汽车转向系统结构设计

学校：湘潭大学

学院：兴湘学院

专业：机械设计制造及其自动化

姓名：张浩

学号：2010963237

指导老师：刘柏希老师

摘要

论文主要阐述了转向系统的设计。汽车转向系统是汽车的重要组成部分，它直接影响汽车行驶的安全性，其质量严重影响汽车的操纵稳定性。随着汽车工业的发展，汽车转向系统也在不断的得到改进，虽然电子转向系统已经开始使用，但是传统的机械转向系统依然起着主导作用。转向系统由于其自身的特点被广泛运用于各类汽车之中。

本文重点设计了转向系统，并对转向系统零件强度、刚度进行了校核，同时还对转向系统计算载荷进行确定，同时对转向系统的其他主要零部件进行了结构设计，同样也对所设计的转向机构进行了分析和研究。实现了转向系统结构简单紧凑，轴向尺寸短，且零件数目少的优点又能增加助力，从而实现了汽车转向的稳定性和灵敏性。最后运用三维设计软件对所设计的结构进行了三维模型的建立，通过三维模型的设计与建立，更进一步的验证了所设计结构的合理性。

关键词：转向系统；转向系统；机械转向；转向；液压助力

Abstract

This paple mainly tell about the design of circulation ball steering system. Redirector,an important component of the automobile,which is the key assembly decided the safety of the automobile. It seriously affected the quality of the vehicle handing and stability. Along with the development of the auto industry,automobile steering gear is continuously improved, although the electronic steering gear has began to use ,but the traditional mechanical steering gear is still p lays a leading role. Circulation ball type steering system has been widely used in various cars as of its characteristics.

This paper designs the circulating ball type steering gear and steering parts strength and stiffness for the checking, but also to determine steering system computational load, at the same time to the other main parts of steering system structure design, also in the design of steering mechanism is analyzed and studied. Implements the redirector simple and compact structure, short axial dimensions, and the advantage of less parts number and can increase power, so as to realize the vehicle steering stability and sensitivity. Finally by using the 3 d design software to design 3 d model of structure, through the design and build 3 d model, further verify the rationality of the design structure.

Key words: Steering gear; Steering system; Mechanical steering; Circulating ball type; The hydraulic power

目录

1 绪论 (1)

1.1转向系统的使用背景 (1)

1.2转向系统的研究意义 (1)

1.3国内外研究现状 (2)

1.4主要研究工作 (3)

2 转向系统工作原理及其特点 (5)

2.1转向系统概述 (5)

2.2转向系统特点 (7)

3 转向系统主要性能参数 (9)

3.1转向系统的效率 (9)

3.2传动比的变化特性 (11)

3.3转向系统传动副的传动间隙△t (13)

3.4转向系统计算载荷的确定 (13)

4 转向系统的尺寸参数计算 (15)

4.1主要尺寸参数的选择 (15)

4.2变厚齿扇 (20)

4.3转向系统零件强度计算 (25)

4.4转向系统的润滑方转向和密封类型的选择 (27)

5 转向传动机构设计 (28)

5.1转向传动机构原理 (28)

5.2转向梯形的布置 (29)

5.3转向梯形机构尺寸的初步确定 (29)

5.4梯形校核 (29)

5.5转向传送机构的臂、杆与球销 (30)

5.6转向横拉杆及其端部 (31)

5.7杆件设计结果 (32)

6 转向系统的其它部分 (33)

6.1万向传动装置 (33)