大学英语精读第一册Unit Six
现代大学英语第二版精读1unit 6
after a few years. to wrench yourself away from: to twist and pull
Part I: Sentence Paraphrase
I started hiking there …, up a long, sloping hill to an almost impenetrable stand of trees called Bear Wood. (para.4)
an … impenetrable stand of trees: trees growing so thick that they are impossible to go through or enter into.
Part I: Exercise
• Fill in the blanks according to the text.
We rented an 18th-century _fa_r_m_ho_u_s_e in Berkshire. Nearby were ancient _c_a_s_tle_s_ andc_h_ur_ch_e_s. Loving nature, however, I was most __de_li_gh_t_ed_ by the endless _p_at_c_hw_o_rk_ of farms and woodland that surrounded our house. In the __de_e_p__ woods that _v_er_g_ed_ _ag_a_in_s_t our back fence, a _n_et_w_or_k of paths led almost everywhere, and pheasants _ro_c_ke_te_d_of_f into the _d_en_se laurels ahead as you walked.
精读大学英语第一册上海外语教育出版社Unit6Sam adams,industrial engineer(2)
how she happened to be on the spot.
upper:
(1)situated above another(esp.similar)part eg:Students travel the cheap lower deck and tourists the upper. (2)higher in place or position eg:Many of the British upper classes are no longer very rich.
小先生:
New lesson 新课讲授：
Useful Expressions 1. 着手做某事 set out to do sth.
2. 结果是 turn out
3. 工业工程师 industrial engineer 4. 工业管理 industrial engineering
17. 跟上 come up with 18. 心不在焉 absent-minded 19. 生产流水线/装配线 the assembly line 20. 工作流程 work flow
21. 背景音乐 background music
22. 美化乏味的环境
beautify the dull setting
23. 一位多产作家
a productive writer
24. 工资增加，职位提升
pay increases and promotions
25. 夜/白班 night/day shift
26. 口头报导 oral report 27. 覆盖要点 cover the major points 28. 与时俱进 keep up with the time
大学英语精读1U6Same Adams概要
Words and expressions
1.happen to: chance; take place
S:你是怎么成为导游的？
T:How did you happen to be a tourist guide?
A. provide background music B. beautify the dull setting C. have a 15-minute break
A. Those who do not work hard should be fired. B. assembly line redesigned C. pay increase D. promotion
Unit 6 Sam Adams, Industrial Engineer
Contents
Objectives
Warming
up activities Text study words and expressions Summary Exercise Writing
Objectives
Warming-up activities
try
to answer the questions:
1.Do you think it a good habit for a person to arrange everything in order in his daily life? Why or why not? 2.Who does best in your family to keep your house clean and tidy? Say something in detail about it. 3.Do you think the habit of keeping everything in order will benefit one’s future work? Why or why not?
现代大学英语精读1Unit_6_课后练习答案
Unit 6Preview1.Listen to the recording of the text and choose the statement that best reflects your understanding.1.D2.C3.A4.C5.DVocabulary1.Become familiar with the rules of word formation.1.Give the corresponding nouns for the following verbs.1. strain 7. realization 13. assurance2. teasing/tease 8. burial 14. astonishment3. dawn 9. scattering/scatter 15. expectation4. Death 10. grasp 16.insurance5. leak 11. appreciation 17. reflection6. inspection 12. flight 18. belief2.Give the corresponding verbs for the following nouns.1. stream 6. Accept2. state7. encounter3. relate8. Collect4. form9. radiate5. recognize10. identify3. Decide whether the missing letter is e, o or a.（注意：在不发音的 e 结尾的动词后边加er, or 或 ar 时，应先删去该字母e；在以重读闭音节结尾的动词后边加er, or 或 ar 时，如结尾只有一个辅音，则该辅音一定双写。
）1. reporter 10. supporter 19. composer2. professor 11. visitor 20. interpreter3． Editor 12.1iar 21.beggar4． Adviser 13. seller 22. sailor5． Robber 14. murderer 23. announcer6. actor 15.traveler 24. manager7. aggressor 16. scholar 25. invader8. beginner 17. author 26. creator9. passenger 18. successor 27. dealer4. Translate the following expressions, paying attention to the different use of thesuffix “-ful ”.1．令人惭愧的结果10.带着哭腔；泪如泉涌地2．满满一碗米饭11.吃一大口3．色彩娇艳的衣服12.一厢宁愿的想法4．一个令人快乐的人13.有希望的局势5．满满一篮子的苹果14.一房屋的客人6．满满一盒巧克力15.一调羹油7．一小撮人16.一大捧书8．一条有帮助的建议17.难过的记忆9．一个有害的习惯18.开朗的性格5.Fill in the blanks with correct forms of the appropriate words listed below.1 acceptance2 occurrence3 astonishing, unrecognizable4 appreciative, expectations5 identical, identify, identifications2.Give corresponding synonyms and antonyms for the following words.Synonyms1. meet (with)8. remark, speech, comment2. show, indicate, symbolize, represent9. consider, see, view, look upon, take3. stupid, dull, unwise10. speak about, chat, discuss4. old11. require, need5. examine, look closely12. think carefully, consider, ponder over6. arrive at, get to, come to, go to13. ridicule, mock7. repair14. surpriseAntonyms1. flat, gentle, gradual9. later, in the future2. incomplete10. few3. believe, trust11. small, tiny4. unexpected12. empty5. seriously, formally13. unconscious6. relative, conditional, questionable14. insignificance7. unknown15. at last8. ugliness3. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the appropriate phrases and expressions listed below. Note that some of them may be used more than once.1. After all, regarded as2. regarded as / in a sense, consists of3. for ages, at once4. were astonished at, After all5. calls for, on their part/ in turn6. dawned on, in case, melt into7. reflect on, in relation to, calls for8. cut, in, on their part/ in turn, work out4. Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions or adverbs.1 off/ out2 off3 out/through4 through5 to, through6 to7 with8 on9 to10 with5. Translate the following sentences into English using the words and expressionslisted below.1. 当我们抵达目的地时，我们发现这块地上已经没有任何建筑，只有一些石头散落在地上。
《大学英语精读》第一册 unit6
Detailed Reading
New Words and Expressions
• basis (基础,根据)主要用于比 喻,也指信念,议论等的根据. • The basis of his opinion is something he read in the paper . 他的意见的根据是从报纸上看 来的.
Industrial engineering and Industrial engineer
• Industrial engineering is the detailed analysis of the use and the cost of man material and equipment in an organization, with a view to increasing its productivity profit and efficiency. Those who are involved in this kind of analysis are called industrial engineers. • Engineers can be classified into many types, such as construction engineer, production engineer design engineer and industrial engineer. • An industrial engineer’s duties are to coordinate personnel, materials and machinery and to determine the most productive and efficient use of each. He helps plan the production line and designs or adapts details essential to the manufacturing of a product.
现代大学英语精读1unit6课文翻译
Unit 6 Text AThe Green Banana1.Although it might have happened anywhere, my encounter with the green banana started on a steep mountain road in the central area of Brazil. My ancient jeep was straining up through beautiful countryside when the radiator began to leak, and I was ten miles from the nearest mechanic. The over-heated engine forced me to stop at the next village, which consisted of a small store and a few houses that we are scattered here and there. People came over to look. They could see three fine streams of hot water spouting from holes in the jacket of the radiator. "That's easy to fix,? a man said. He sent a boy running for some green bananas. He patted me on the shoulder, assuring me that everything would work out. "Green bananas," he smiled. Everyone agreed.尽管这种事情在任何地方都可能发生，但我与青香蕉的邂逅却源自于巴西腹地一条险峻的山路上。
现代大学英语精读1unit6课文翻译
现代大学英语精读1unit6课文翻译一个爱交际的女人 a sociable woman 黑市the black market 黑色幽默black humor 害群之马black sheep 黑人权利black power表达能力不强的人inarticulate people 全国性活动 a nationwide campaign 赞美的话complimentary remarks 淘气男孩 a mischievous boy一些有权力的人物certain powerful quarters 种族隔离的学校segregated schools 不可争议的权威indisputable authority 公海high sea 上流社会high society机密的消息confidential information 冷漠的门impersonal doors客观的信an impersonal letter 真诚的羡慕an unselfish envy紧张的声音 a strained voice度假别墅holiday villa 一个著名的电视名人 a famous television personality 刻薄下流语言obscene language 下流故事an obscene stor银行袭击 a bank raid 生产双层玻璃公司 a double-glazing company联合抵押joint mortgage 拌嘴 a cross word永现代大学英语精读4 UNIT1-UNIT6an unattainable goal 乡村和西部音乐country and western music加重了的潜水腰带 a weighted diving belt 心碎heart-broken以自我为中心的人a self-centered man 光是重量sheer weight光是运气sheer luck 一派胡言sheer nonsense军号声bulge call 人工呼吸kiss of life一串气泡atrail of bubbles 一点点关心one tiny scrap of care非理性因素non-rational factors 过去的好日子good old days思想模式thought patterns 陈旧的故事stock anecdotes思路brain path 鲜明的对比 a striking contrast强烈的满足感keen satisfaction 感情上的联想sentimental association 一场恶吵a bitter quarrel 酸葡萄sour grapes毫无根据的意见groundless opinions 社会地位social position重要而有说服力的因素 a potent factor 怀疑的余地room of doubt。
第三版大学英语精读第一册学生用书Unit1-6课文理解问题答案
第三版大学英语精读第一册学生用书Unit1-6课文理解问题答案Unit 11.What does it take to learn English well?It takes great diligence and prolonged effort.2.How can you make the task of learning English easier?(1) Do not treat all new words in exactly the same way.(2) Watch out for idiomatic ways of saying things.(3) Listen to English every day.(4) Seize opportunities to speak.(5) Read widely.(6) Write regularly.3.What is the most effective route to enlarging your vocabulary?Concentrating on active and useful words.4.What is the second learning strategy suggested by author?Watch out for idiomatic ways of saying things.5.Why is it important to listen to English every day?Listening to English on a regular basis will not only improve your ear,but will also help you build your speaking skills.6.According to the author, what is the easiest way to practice speaking English? And why?To rehearse aloud, since this can be done at any time, in any place, and withouta partner.7.Why is it important to read widely?Because in our learning environment, reading is the main and most reliable source of language input.8.What kind of materials should you include in your widereading?Things that you find interesting, that you can understand without relying too much on a dictionary.9.Apart from your teacher's writing assignment, what other ways of writing does the author suggest?Keeping a pen pal, keeping a diary, writing a short story and summarizing the daily news.10.What is the author's conclusion at the end of the article?It pays to absorb as much as you can from reading and listening and then try to put what you have learned into practice through speaking and writing.Unit 21.What happened to Francis Chichester in 1931?He had tried to fly around the world but failed.2.How old was he when he started his voyage round the world?653.What was the name of his boat? What was the length of the boat?Gipsy Moth ; 16-meter-long.4.What route did Chichester follow in sailing round the world?The route of the great 19th Century clippers ships.5.How many miles did he cover on the first half of his voyage?14,1006.What did his friends in Sydney try to dissuade him from doing?To start the second past of voyage.7.In what way was the second half of his voyage the more dangerous part?Cape Horn.8.What happened to Chichester on the night of January 30?There was a gale.9.How did Chichester feel after sailing round Cape Horn?He had wakened from a nightmare.10.How was he received when he arrived back in England?A million people were waiting to welcome him , and he was knighted by Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ.11.What title is added to his name when a man become a knight?Sir.12.How many miles did he second half of the voyage cover?14,400Unit 31.What was the special occasion? How old was the old lady?Myra wrote letters to the old lady. 80.2.Did Myra and her husband often come to see the old lady?No. Seldom.3.What had happened to Enid?She died on the operating table.4.Whom did the old lady love more, Myra or Enid? Why?Enid. She is the real one who cares about the old lady.5.Why was the old lady proud of Myra?She succeeded in her work. And won a medal with her husband for their work for the aged.6.The old lady lived alone. But do you think she was very lonely? Why or why not? No, she had Mrs. Morrison and Johnnie to keep company with her.7.Who was Jim? Was he still alive?The old lady's husband. No.8.Who was Johnnie? How old was he? What do you think ofhim?The little boy lived nearby. Six. He is a lovely ,kind, warm-hearted boy.9.Why did the old lady tear the cheque into pieces?Myra thought money is important than love which hurt the old lady so much. 10.The story tells us that Myra had won a medal for her work with the old people.Do you think she deserved the medal? Do you think she really cared about old people? Why or why not?No. She even didn't care about her mother. She just did these for her benefits.Unit 41.How do many people in the United States spend their free time?Watching TV.2.How does the author feel about the amount of time his countrymen spend watching TV?He thinks they lose their imagination, and they fail to communicate with families and friends.3.What does the author purpose in relation to the television broadcasting in the United States?He purposed that right after the early evening news, all television broadcasting in US be prohibited by law.4.What might the results be if families used a quiet hour to discuss their problems? The family members can know each other better, and to like each other better.5.According to the author, what could help to turn out a more literate new generation?Reading books together.6.What does the author mean by "the story hour"? Whateffect might it have on the TV networks?Families gather around and listening to mothers or fathers read a good story ; It might force the TV networks to come up with better shows to get us back from our newly discovered activities.7.Sum up the advantages of turning off TV for an hour every night.A more literate generation would be set up ; We might get to know each other better and to like each other better ; Developing our imagination.8.What do you think of the author's proposal?I think the author's proposal is necessary. What we need nowadays is to communicate with our families , TV programs do disturb our generation. So I couldn't agree more with the author.9.Describe the television watching habits of the people around you---when they watch TV, what they watch, how much they watch, and so on.My father likes watching TV after dinner, and he always watch news report; My mother loves watching soap series from19:00 to 22:00 everyday ; I'd like to watch sports when there are matchesI am wondering.10.Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of watching TV.略。
大学思辨英语教程 精读1 Unit6 教师用书 20150918
Unit6Cultural ValuesOverviewThis unit aims to help students understand the concept of cultural value and some key cultural values of the United States and compare them with Chinese cultural values. Culture is like an iceberg.The tip of the iceberg is the smallest part.Most of the iceberg is submerged.The same is true for a culture.That which you can easily see–the behavior of people–is the smallest part of culture.It is external while the greatest part,internal culture,is beneath the water level of awareness.It is inside people’s heads.This internal culture includes our way of thinking and perceiving.Most importantly,it contains the values and beliefs unconsciously learned while growing up in a particular culture.These values and beliefs determine most behaviors.Text AAs concepts of what is important and worthwhile,cultural values are abstract,but they are reflected by various aspects of daily life,e.g.clothing.In Text A,Fiske described a small study that he did with his students about a popular cultural product–jeans,and the underlying cultural values of the United States.He asked his students to write down the words they associated with jeans.By analyzing these notes,he found two clusters of meanings.The first group was community integrative and denied social differences.The lack of social differentiation reflects the paradoxical relationship between individualist freedom and community.The second group included natural and physical meanings and derived from the American West Myth.Fiske also analyzed how jeans were disfigured to express oppositional meanings.According to Fiske,the disfiguring of jeans reflected the paradoxical nature of popular culture.Text BText B deals with a key cultural value of the United States–individualism.According to Althen,“the most important thing to understand about Americans is probably their devotion to individualism.”He defines individualism as considering oneself as a separate individual who is responsible for his or her own situations in life and his or her own destinies rather than as members of a close-knit,interdependent family,religious group, tribe,nation,or any other collectivity.He then illustrates individualism with a wide range of examples,e.g.child rearing,college life,the different behaviors and thoughts between Americans and people of other social backgrounds and Americans’ideal person.In the end,Althen compares individualism and collectivism by listing the typical behaviors of each cultural value.The two texts both deal with cultural values of the United States but adopt different approaches.Text A describes a study of a particular cultural product or phenomenon–jeans and analyzes the underlying cultural values.Text B centers around a key cultural value and illustrate it with a wide range of phenomena.Text B may serve as acomplement to Text A,since the central topic of Text B–individualism–is also a concept analyzed in Text A(Paragraphs5-7).Teaching objectivesReading skills●Develop a coherent and cohesive discourse●Be aware of meanings expressed by non-verbal communication●Organize a group discussionCritical thinking●Clarify the meanings of the key concepts in an article●Analyze and improve a research design●Anticipate and address counter arguments that readers may haveIntercultural competence●Understand the meaning of popular culture across cultures●Be able to interpret American cultural products such as jeans●Be able to evaluate critically American and Chinese core valuesTeaching strategiesCultural value is an abstract concept and specific cultural values are also abstract. Therefore,it is important to understand cultural values in specific contexts and illustrate them with concrete phenomena or behaviors.To teach this unit,it is advisable to start with phenomena rather than concepts.Before learning Text A,you can ask students to examine their clothing and reflect upon the values underlying different clothing styles.As for Text B,you can ask students to imagine confronting the contexts discussed by the author in Chinese culture and discuss how they would behave in the contexts and what different values are underlying.This mini-lesson includes the definition,examples and importance of cultural value and the relationship between value,customs and culture:/academy/lesson/cultural-values-definition-examples-importance.html The following webpage lists some major American cultural values:/articles/culture.htmPreparatory work(1)John FiskeResearch interests:His areas of interest include popular culture,mass culture,media semiotics and television studies.Publications:He is the author of eight books,including Power Plays,Power Works (1993),Understanding Popular Culture[2](1989),Reading the Popular(1989),and the influential Television Culture(1987).Ideas and impact:Fiske's books analyze television shows as"texts"to examine the different layers of meaning and sociocultural content.Fiske disagrees with the theory that mass audiences consume the products that are offered to them without thought.Fiske rejects the notion of"the audience"which assumes an uncritical mass.He instead suggests"audiences"with various social backgrounds and identities enabling them to receive texts differently.(2)JeansHistory/invention:Often the term"jeans"refers to a particular style of pants,called"blue jeans,"which were invented by Jacob Davis in1871and patented by Davis and Levi Strauss on May20,1873.Manufacturing process:The manufacturing of jeans includes such techniques as dyeing, pre-shrinking and sandblasting.Various fits:Jeans come in various fits,including skinny,tapered,slim,straight,boot cut, cigarette bottom,narrow bottom,low waist,anti-fit,and flare.Famous brands:Top10brands of jeans are Levi’s,Diesel,Wrangler Jeans,True Religion, Lee Jeans,Calvin Klein,Pepe Jeans London,Armani Jeans,Killer Jeans and Nostrum Jeans.(3)Middle class vs.working classWestward movementDefinition:It’s also known as Westward Expansion.The expansion of the United States into the territory west of the Mississippi River began in1803when President Thomas Jefferson purchased the territory of Louisiana from the French government for$15 million.To Jefferson,westward expansion was the key to the nation’s health.By1840, nearly7million Americans–40percent of the nation’s population–lived in the trans-Appalachian West.Impact:Westward Expansion had far-reading impacts on the United States.It greatly increased the territories of the nation.The building of railways,discovery of gold mines anddevelopment of towns and cities attracted a great number of new immigrants from around the world.The industrialized towns forced people to live together and resulted in cultural interaction and mixture.Westward Expansion also resulted in Native Americans losing their native homelands and changing their culture to accommodate teachings from white settlers.While exploring the west frontiers,each family had its own wagon,ate alone and had a separate destination.To survive on the frontier the pioneers had to be very self-reliant and independent.These pioneer values were added to the European immigrant values to form the core cultural values of America.Related literary works:The spirits of frontier pioneers and cowboys enriched American Dream:pursuing personal success on the basis of hard work.The spirits were described, recreated and reinforced by some frontier novels.The most famous of the early19th century frontier novels were James Fenimore Cooper's five novels comprising the Leatherstocking Tales.These novels usually depict a cowboy hero.When Americans think of a cowboy,they picture a lone individual sitting on a horse out on the prairie.Cowboys never traveled in groups.They were men of action,self-reliant and independent individualists who survived without any help from anyone else.For Americans,the cowboy represents the dominant values of American society.(4)Popular cultureDefinition:Popular culture(or pop culture)is the entirety of ideas,perspectives,attitudes,images, and other phenomena that are within the mainstream of a given culture,especially Western culture of the early to mid20th century and the emerging global mainstream. History:According to sociologists,three early,significant popular-culture mileposts are,in chronological order,wedding ceremonies,music performed from written scores,and the establishment of fashion styles.Then,the Western world’s first pop culture“superstar”was probably William Shakespeare.His theater plays are timeless classics,but he wrote them for a mass audience,thus fulfilling pop culture’s requirement of art that is meant to be enjoyed by the masses.Shakespeare bridged pop culture and fine arts.Popular culture became global when the first explorers took to the seas or traveled overland routes to distant places.They were influenced by,and returned with,examples of other cultures’popular art,artifacts and customs,such as drinking coffee. Technological development and industrialization made possible for the mass to have sufficient time and resources to enjoy popular arts(especially theater,dance,music andmore recently movies and television).Compared with farmers,19th-century industrial laborers not generally work the dawn-to-dusk,seven-day-a-week schedules.This enabled them to enjoy entertainment venues and engage in hobbies,crafts and recreation outside their work lives.Technology also created new kinds of arts and items and made them available to everyone,not just the wealthy elite.Obvious examples that changed society significantly enough to alter the course of history are radio,television,motion pictures,amplified music,computers and the Internet.Aspects:Popular culture has two major categories,i.e.material elements(e.g.clothing and diet) and spiritual elements(e.g.literature,film,music and art).Critical ReadingI.Understanding the text.1.OutliningThesis:Jeans reflect the core values of American popular culture,including the freedom to be oneself,naturalness and physicalityPart Para(s).Main ideaI Introduction to the study Para1Jeans is a good topic about popular culture.Para2Functionality of jeans is not examined in the study.Para3The participants of the study,the students,are nota representative sample.Para4The students produced several clusters of meanings of jeans.IIThe first cluster of meanings Para5Jeans deny social differences and denote freedom. Para6The author disagrees with the psychologist and holds that clothes express social meanings.Para7Jeans reflect a paradox in American ideology,i.e.integrating individual differences in commonvalues.III The second cluster of meanings Para8Jeans deny social differences and denote physicality.Para9The physicality of jeans reflects naturalness andgender-neutrality.IV Jeans and Americanness Para10Jeans reflect Americanness and retains Americanness when incorporated into to othernational cultures.V Jeans and popular culture Para11Disfiguration of jeans reflects the self-contradiction of popular culture–when peopleresist something,what they resist is part of theirlife.prehension check(1)Because jeans might be the most popular cultural product.(2)Because the functionality of jeans relate to efficiency,while culture is notconcerned with efficiency but meanings,pleasures and identifies.(3)Jeans deny social differences because it transects almost every social category–gender,class,race,age,nation,religion and education.(4)In the article in The New York Times,the psychologist holds a different positionfrom Fiske.The psychologist suggests that jeans results in the freedom to hide oneself,i.e.to avoid any expression of mood or personal emotion.The author disagrees with this position for two reasons.First,this kind of freedom is not evident among his students;second,clothes are more normally used to convey social meanings than to express personal emotion or mood.(5)Individualism,i.e.the desire to be oneself does not mean the desire to befundamentally different everyone else,but rather to situate individual differences within communal allegiance.Jeans reflects this paradoxical relationship:people wear jeans to be oneself,but in the end they wear the same garment as everyone else.Refer to the following paragraph:A seemingly contradictory source of popular culture is individualism.Urbanculture has not only provided a common ground for the masses,it has inspired ideals of individualistic aspirations.In the United States,a society formed on the premise of individual rights,there are theoretically no limitations to what an individual might accomplish.An individual may choose to participate in all that is ‘popular’for popularity’s sake;or they may choose a course of action off the beaten track.At times,these‘pathfinders’affect popular culture by their individuality.Of course,once a unique style becomes adopted by others,it ceases to remain unique.It becomes,popular.Source:https:///issues/64/Pop_Culture_An_Overview(6)Jeans was invented in the process of the American Westward Movement and wasassociated with such values as freedom,naturalness,toughness,hard work, progress,development and above all Americanness.(7)According to Fiske,jeans is disfigured in some way to express oppositionalmeanings or gesture toward such social resistance.(8)Jeans also reflects the self-contradictoriness of popular culture.People disfigurejeans to express oppositional meanings,but by doing so they still wear jeans, which connote shared meanings.Therefore,it is not a complete rejection of the shared values.Similarly,in popular culture,what is resisted exists in the resistance.Popular culture resists unequal power distribution,but still it bears signs of power relations.II.Evaluation and exploration1.Evaluating the text(1)Definition of popular cultureThis activity encourages students to examine the author’s definition of a key concept in this article,i.e.popular culture and define the same term in different ways.In Paragraph11,the author indicates that“popular culture is the culture of the subordinated and disempowered”.This definition highlights the power relations in social system social experience.This definition seems to associate popular culture with lower class and oppose against official culture and high culture.Definition1:“The accumulated store of cultural products such as music,art,literature, fashion,dance,film,television,and radio that are consumed primarily by non-elite groups such as the working,lower,and middle class.”This definition is similar to that of Fiske’s in highlighting the power relations.Definition2:“A commercial culture,mass-produced for mass consumption by mass media.”This definition equates popular culture with mass culture,or the“popularity”of popular culture.Popular culture,by definition,requires that the masses—folks—be engaged in practicing and consuming it,thereby making it popular.Definition3:“The products and forms of expression and identity that are frequently encountered or widely accepted,commonly liked or approved,and characteristic of a particular society at a given time”.This definition highlights the conventionality of popular culture,i.e.popular culture is the shared by the majority of the society.“At a given time”points out the ever-changing feature of popular culture.(2)Jeans and popular cultureThis activity encourages students to examine the cultural values underlying jeans and illustrate the values with concrete examples.According to Fiske,what characterize jeans are the social meanings related to jeans, including lack of social differentiation,naturalness and physicality.(3)Generalizing findingsThis activity provides an opportunity to examine the methodology of Fiske’s study.In Paragraph3,Fiske makes it clear that his students are largely white,middle-class, young,and well-educated,so they are not a representative sample of the whole population,and so the meanings they make of their jeans cannot be extended to other groups.But,Fiske also points out that the process of making and communicating meanings is representative even though the meanings made by it are not.To make the meanings more generalizable,the study can be redesigned to include a variety of people and adopt more diverse methods to elicit their understanding of jeans. To choose participants of the study,a variety of categories can be considered,e.g.age,gender,educational background and occupation.Students can be encouraged to diversify the data-collecting methods.For example,you can show pictures of the same person wearing different styles of jeans and ask them their impression.(4)Values and classesParagraph2:The middle class is associated with office desk and wheeling and dealing, while the working class is associated with the dignity of labor.Paragraph5:In terms of individualism and freedom,there seems to be no social differentiation.Paragraph8:Fiske holds that his middle-class students are highly selective in aligning with the meanings of jeans.They align themselves with the dignity and productivity of labor rather than the subordination and exploitedness,which are likely to be associated with the working class.Paragraph9:Both the middle class and the working class aim at being recognized of physical prowess,but in different ways.The middle class get the recognition through sport while the working class through labor.(There is a saying assigned to a construction worker:干活就把身体练得棒棒的，还用去什么健身房？)(5)Americanness of jeansThis activity encourages students to explore the“exporting”of(American)cultural values.Fiske holds that jeans are seen as a unique and definitive American garment and retain the Americanness when being exported to other countries.In the process,American values are also exported.For example,in Moscow,jeans are seen as bearers of Western decadence and can be worn by the young as an act of defiance,as a sign of the opposition to social conformity.This is possible.Cultural products and behaviors imported from other countries can be seen as bearers of the exporting country’s values,especially when they are first imported.(6)CounterargumentThis activity encourages students to analyze the author’s strategy in dealing with counterargument.Fiske takes into account counterargument in Paragraphs5-7.In Paragraph5,Fiske described the first cluster of meanings of jeans,which gave people the freedom to be oneself,i.e.freedom from the constraints on behavior and identity.In Paragraph6,theauthor“invites”the counterargument from an article in The New York Times,which suggests that jeans’lack of differentiation results not in a freedom to be oneself,but the freedom to hide oneself.Why does Fiske“invite”the counterargument?Doesn’t that weaken his argument? Actually,no!It makes the argument stronger.This is because it gives Fiske the chance to respond to his reader’s objections before they have finished reading.It also shows that Fiske is a reasonable person who has considered both sides of the debate.Both of these make an essay more persuasive.In Paragraph6,Fiske rebuts the counterargument with two reasons:First,this kind of freedom is not evident among his students;second,clothes are more normally used to convey social meanings than to express personal emotion or mood.After that,Fiske furthers the counterargument and rebutting to reveal the paradox of freedom and individualism.2.Exploring beyond the text(1)Disfiguring jeansThis activity provides an opportunity to further explore different styles of jeans and the underlying meanings.Jeans can be disfigured in a variety of ways,e.g.tearing,cutting,ripping,holes and nails. Jeans also have various fits.As Fiske argues,disfiguring often expresses oppositional meanings.As for fits,it may be conventional for men to wear straight jeans and women to wear slim and tight jeans. However,things are changing now.Many boys may also wear very slim or even skinny jeans,while the so-called“boyfriend’s jeans”are also getting popular with girls.These nonconventional fits may express new ideas about sexuality(Refer to Paragraph9). (2)Analyzing notesTactics:It is advisable to ask students to write the notes before they read Text A. Otherwise they may be affected by the author’s analysis.Then after reading Text A,students can follow the author’s approach to analyze the notes,i.e.analyze and group the meanings associated with jeans.(3)Social categoriesThis activity provides an opportunity for students to further explore social category, another key concept in cultural studies.A society binds its members with shared values,but it also categorizes its member,i.e.dividing them into different groups in terms of a variety of categories,i.e.gender,race, ethnicity,occupation,class,age,marital status and religion.Different social categories form a complex network,so a person may belong to different groups in terms of different categories.These categories are like small pieces and putting them together results in a bigger picture of a person.Social categories impose constraints on people who bear these categories.For example,a married person is obliged to be faithful to the marriage in most cultures.(4)Social meanings of clothingBy doing this activity,students can further explore the cultural values underlying clothing. The following pictures might stimulate their interest in this topic:Though these pictures show an extreme example of cultural values underlying clothing, students’clothing may also produce some interesting findings:(1)Is there a student of an ethnic minority group wearing the costumes of his or her ethnic group?(2)Is there a girl dressed like a boy?(3)Is there a boy in an unconventional color for males?(4)Is there a student dressed in a traditional style?It is also possible to expand topic to cover hairstyle,body adornment and makeup.(5)Popular cultureThis activity encourages students to go even further in exploring popular culture and relevant cultural values.Popular culture has rich contents and involves almost every aspect of people’s daily life.Besides clothing,food and drinks is also an important aspect.A popular product in this aspect might be fast food restaurants, e.g.KFC and Macdonald’s.By definition,“fast food”highlights the values of speed,efficiency and standardization, which are highly prized by the American culture.Other cultures do not necessarily share these values.Some cultures prefer long lunch hours and they close their businesses during this time.With reference to food,many people prize the quality of the food,its unique preparations,and its unrushed consumption.In terms of social relationship,people may prefer a family-run restaurant run by people they personally know.(6)Cultural paradoxFiske holds that jeans reflect the paradoxical nature of individualism.Everyone wears jeans to be oneself but end up wearing the same clothe as others.For more information about the paradox of individualism,please refer to the following article:/sites/default/files/faculty/fischer/Fischer_Paradoxes%20of %20Individualism_2008.pdfParadoxical values are found within cultures.Every culture has its opposing values. Equality is an American core value,yet in the United States,there is a wide gap between rich and poor.Another interesting example is the coexistence of individual freedom and the need for belonging.It is found that there were some100,000associations and clubs in the United States.Seven of every10Americans belong to at least one club.It seems paradoxical that both freedom and belonging are strong values of a single culture.The explanation is that in an individualistic society where people want to“do thing their own way”and“go it alone,”people tend to become lonely if they don’t make an effort to belong.Paradoxical values also exist between cultures.The reverse of freedom-belonging paradox is found in Japan.In Japan,belonging is an integral part of society,and it takes an effort to behave in an individualistic way.However,there are many fewer clubs in Japan.Similarly,it is said that social media like Facebook facilitate making friends.However, according to some surveys,in the United States,Facebook increases feelings of loneliness.In other parts of the world,for example,in Asia and Africa,social media reinforce community feelings.Language enhancementI.Word and phrase1.Word formation(1)Pre:“before”or“in advance”More examples:Preview,prepare,predict,pre-school,pre-war(2)Trans:“across”,“beyond”or“from one to another”More examples:Transport,translate,transplant,transmit,transsexual,transcend, trans-Pacific,trans-racial(3)Sub:“under”,“branch”,“further”or“secondary”More examples:Submarine,sub-company,subdivide,subcommittee,subway(1)transplant(2)Pre-washed(3)subtract(4)suburban(5)subconscious(6)subtitle(7)transgenic(8)precook2.Preposition(1)with(2)with(3)on(4)within(5)with(6)to(7)with(8)into3.Hyphenated word(1)The rule:“verb-verb-ed”as an adjective,or past participle of“verb-verb”as averbMore examples:hustle-bustle,freeze-dry,stir-fry(2)The rule:“noun-verb-ed”as adjective,equivalent to a verb participle phrase,e.g.derived from BuddhistMore examples:Computer-aided,exam-oriented,student-centered,poverty-stricken,spoon-fed (3)The rule:“ad-noun-ed”as an adjectiveMore examples:Kind-hearted,sharp-minded,white-haired,able-bodied,many-sided,short-handed,strong-willed(4)The rule:“prefix-noun”as a nounMore examples:Non-smoker,semi-autobiography,co-author,vice-president,ex-wife(5)The rule:“Letter-noun”as a noun,with the letter indicating the shapeMore examples:U-turn,C-section,S-hook,V-neck,U-boat,T-bone,井田，十字路口，丁字路口，丁字裤，V-领，一字眉，八字眉II.Sentence and discourse1.Paraphrasing(1)Even if you want to be yourself,you don’t have to be totally different from others.Rather,you should follow the majority while keeping your individual differences. (2)Jeans were able to bear different meanings of the American work ethic for differentclasses.(3)By labor work,the working class gain physical skills.The middle class can gain thesame physical skills by doing sports.(4)Although the Western myth can be spread to other nations easily and can becomepart of the popular culture of these nations,the myth keeps its identity or features as an American myth.Thus,links can be built between American values and the popular consciousness of other nationalities.(5)Although some people wear torn jeans to express their opposition to the majority,they are still wearing jeans rather than a completely different kind of clothes.In other words,when they try to be different,they are wearing the same clothes as others.This shows a typical contradiction of popular culture–when people resist something, what they resist is part of their life or they are part of it.2.Translation(1)牛仔裤没有社会差异，给了人们自由可以“做自己”（而且我觉得在异常情况下还可以“隐藏自己”），这当然就指出了一个很深刻的悖论：一个人想做自己，结果却穿了和其他所有人一样的衣服，这只是深深植根于美国（以及西方）意识形态中的悖论的一个具体表现，这种意识形态就是：最普遍认可的共同价值就是个人主义。
大学英语精读第一册第6课内容及词汇
大学英语精读第一册第6课内容及词汇大学英语精读第一册第6课内容及词汇导语：工业工程师就是将掌握的数学、物理学和社会科学等知识和技能，结合工程分析等方法，去对一个生产集成系统进行优化设计。
下面YJBYS店铺分享一篇有关工业工程师的英语课文，欢迎阅读!Unit Six : Sam Adams，Industrial EngineerTEXTSan set out to improve efficiency at the shirt factory but, as we find out later in this unit, his plans turned out not quite as he had expected.Sam Adams, Industrial EngineerIf you ask my mother how I happened to become an industrial engineer, she'll tell you that I have always been one.She means that I have always wanted everything to be well organized and neat. When I was still in elementary school, I liked to keep my socks in the upper left-hand drawer of my bureau, my underwear in the upper right drawer, shirts in the middle drawer, and pants, neatly folded, in the bottom drawer.In fact, I was the efficiency expert for the whole family. I used to organize my father's tools, my mother's kitchen utensils, my sister's boyfriends.I needed to be efficient. I wanted to be well organized. For me, there was a place for everything and everything was always in its place. These qualities gave me a good foundation for a career in industrial engineering.Unfortunately, I was also a bit bossy and I wasn't a very good listener. You'll see what I mean when I tell you about the first project I ever did after I finished my bachelor's degree at the university.After graduation I returned home to my small town in Indiana. I didn't have a job yet. Mr. Hobbs, a friend of my father's, owned a small shirt factory in town. Within the past five years it had grown from twenty to eighty workers. Mr. Hobbs was worried that his plant was getting too big and inefficient, so he asked me to come in on a short-term basis as a consultant.I went to the plant and spent about a week looking around and making notes. I was really amazed at what I saw.Most curious of all, there was no quality control whatsoever. No one inspected the final product of the factory. As a result some of the shirts that were put in boxes for shipment were missing one or two buttons, the collar, even a sleeve sometimes!The working conditions were poor. The tables where the workers sat were very high and uncomfortable. Except for a half hour at lunchtime, there were no breaks in the day to relieve the boring work. There was no music. The walls of the workrooms were a dull gray color. I was amazed that the workers hadn't gone on strike.Furthermore, the work flow was irregular. There was one especially absent-minded young man in the assembly line who sewed on buttons. After a while I recognized him as "Big Jim," who used to sit behind me in math class in high school. He was very slow and all the shifts were held up at his position. Workers beyond him in line on his shift had to wait with nothing to do; therefore, a great deal of time and efficiency were lost as Big Jim daydreamed while he worked. All week I wondered why he wasn't fired.After I made observations for a week, Mr. Hobbs asked me for an oral report of my findings. I covered my major points by telling him the following:"If you have a quality control inspection, you will greatly improve your finished product.""If the assembly line is redesigned, a smooth work flow can be achieved and time and energy can be saved.""If you decrease the height of the worktables, the machine operators will work more comfortably.""If the management provides pleasant background music and beautifies the dull setting, the factory will be much more productive.""If the workers have a fifteen-minute coffee break in the morning and afternoon, they will be more efficient.""If excellent work results in frequent pay increases or promotions, the workers will have greater incentive to produce."Mr. Hobbs thanked me for this report and told me he would talk over my suggestions with his brother, the co-owner and manager of the factory. "We're interested in progress here," he said. "We want to keep up with the times."He also gave me a check for $ 100 and a box of shirts with his compliments.NEW WORDSefficiencyn. the state or quality of being efficient 效率industriala. of industry 工业的neata. orderly and clean 整洁的elementarya. of or for beginners 初等的，初级的sockn. 短袜drawern. 抽屉bureaun. a chest of drawers for bedroom use 衣柜underwearn. 内衣pantsn. trousersexpertn. a person with special knowledge or skill 专家，能手kitchenn. room used for cooking 厨房utensiln. any tool or container used in the house, esp. for cooking 用具，器皿qualityn. the degree of goodness which a thing or a person possesses 质量;品质foundationn. 基础careern. profession; way of making a living 职业;生涯engineeringn. 工程学;管理unfortunatelyad. 不幸的是;遗憾的是bossya. always telling other people what to do and how to do it, like a boss 爱指挥人的;专横的projectn. a piece of work; a big plan 项目;方案bachelorn. a person who had the first university degree 学士graduationn. completion of an educational course 毕业graduatevi.short-terma. involving or lasting a short period of time 短期的basisn. 基础;根据consultantn. a person who gives professional or technical advice 顾问consultv.amazevt. fill with great surprise or wonder 使大为惊讶，使惊愕curiousa. strange 奇怪的whatsoevera. of any kind, at all 任何的，丝毫的'inspectvt. examine 检查shipmentn. the act of wending, carrying or delivering goods 装运。
大学英语精读第一册
4.Make good use ofyour time in class.Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later.Sit where you can see and hear well.Take notes to help you remember what the teacher says.
COLLEGE ENGLISH INTENSIVEREADINGBOOK 1
Unit One
HOW TO IMPROVE YOUR STUDY HABITS
Perhaps you are an average student withaverage intelligence.You do well enough in school,but you probably think you will never be atop student.This isnot necessarilythe case,however.You can receive better grades if you want to.Yes,even students of average intelligence can be top students without additional work.Here’s how:
大学英语精读第六单元(College English intensive reading unit Sixth)
大学英语精读第六单元（College English intensive reading unitSixth）Ernest Hemingway的故事是关于一个事件，发生在父亲与儿子之间。
小男孩对华氏温标和摄氏温标测量温度差异的误解使他相信自己正在发高烧。
然而，父亲并没有意识到直到很晚，天......一天的等待一天的等待他走进房间关窗户的时候，我们仍然在床上，我看见他好像病了。
他在发抖，脸色苍白，他走的很慢，好像一动就疼。
他走进我们房间关窗户的时候，我们还未起床。
我见他一副病容，全身哆嗦，脸色苍白，步履缓慢，好像一动就会引起疼痛。
“这件事，是Schatz吗？”“我头疼。
”“你最好回去睡觉。
”“不，我没事。
”你怎么啦，宝贝？”“我头痛。
”“你最好回床上去睡。
”“不，我没啥病。
”“你去睡觉吧！”。
我要你当我的衣服。
”你先去睡。
我穿好衣服来看你。
”但是当我下楼的时候，他穿着衣服，坐在炉火旁，看着一个九岁的重病而痛苦的男孩。
我把我的手放在他的额头上我知道他发烧了。
可是当我来到楼下时，他已穿好衣服，坐在火炉旁。
这个9岁的男孩，看上去病得厉害，一副可怜的模样我用手摸了摸他的额头，知道他发烧了。
“你去睡觉吧，”我说，“你病了。
”“我没事，”他说。
医生来后，量了孩子的体温。
“这是什么？”我问他。
“一百零二。
”你到楼上去睡我说，”，“你病了。
”“我没有病，“他说。
医生来后，量了孩子的体温。
“多少度我问医生？”。
“102度。
”在楼下，医生在不同颜色的胶囊中留下三种不同的药物，并给他们服用说明书。
一个是退烧，另一种泻药，克服酸性条件第三。
流感细菌只能在酸性环境中生存，他说。
他似乎知道所有关于流感的知识，并说如果发烧不超过一百零四度，就没什么好担心的。
这是轻度流感，假如不并发肺炎就没有危险。
下楼后，医生留下用不同颜色胶囊包装的三种药丸，并嘱咐如何服用。
一种药退烧，另一种润肠、通便，还有一种是去酸。
他解释说，流感细菌只能在酸性环境中生存。
大学英语精读1U6Same Adams讲解
Before Reading
Global Reading Detailed Reading
After Reading
Discussion
Directions: Discuss the following questions and fill in the table.
1. What are the problems of the factory? 2. What are the solutions to the problems suggested . by Sam Adams?
S:你是怎么成为导游的？
T:How did you happen to be a tourist guide?
Objectives
talk about your good habits in daily life find out qualities for future career develop a passage of time sequence Learn to write a letter of complain
After Reading
Problems
3. The walls of the workroom are a dull gray color; there are no breaks in the day; there is no music; the workers easily get bored.
A. Those who do not work hard should be fired. B. assembly line redesigned C. pay increase D. promotion
Words and expressions
大学英语精读第一册unit6
大学英语精读第三版(上海外语教育出版社董亚芬主编)第一册Book1 Unit6答案1) expert2) amaze3) quality control4) relieve5) assembly line6) fire7) major8) decrease9) management10) productive1) relieve2) decrease3) whatsoever4) career5) Unfortunately6) results in7) background8) As a result9) recognized10) hold up keep up with11) furthermore12) on a basis13) boring14) findings15）talk over16) productive1) are the basis for any good relationship between nations2) is the great efficiency of the public services3) was held up by a thick fog over the airport4) two major earthquakes in its history, one in 1906 and the other in 19895) the professor was often absent-minded in his personal life6) result in an employee's being fired1) impossible2) aware3) unfortunate4) literate5) unnecessary6) frequent7) impatient8) adequate9) unsealed10) finished11) unfair12) likely13) irregular14) direct1) management2) managed3) inspected4) inspection5) would consult6) consultation7) bore8) Bored9) assembled10) assembling1) especially/specially2) especially3) specially4) especially5) specially6) especially/specially1) They spent two whole months working on the design of the machine.2) The artist spends most of his spare time collecting butterfly specimens.3) The manager spent three hours talking to Sam yesterday morning.4) He spent the whole morning trying to solve the math problem.1) except2) except for3) except4) except for5) except6) except for1) His nephew didn't use to visit him at Christmas.Did his nephew use to visit him at Christmas?2) He didn't use to be as thin as she.Did he use to be as thin as she?3) She didn't use to burn the midnight oil.Did she use to burn the midnight oil?1) didn't they2) did't you3) wasn't there1) First of all/Most important of all2) Most curious of all3) Most important of all4) Worst of all1) efficiency2) Furthermore3) amazing4) observation5) foundation6) career7) reorganize8) assembly9) findings10) management11) suggestions12) productive13) background14) relieving15) holding up16) Unfortunately1)places/roles2)bored3)enjoy/like4)traveling/going5)hour6)the7)in8)telling/ordering9)didn’t10)until11)job12)mine13)take/accept14)stay15)at16)being17)understand18)so19)boring/dull20)work21)an22)until23)on24)right/correct25)so26)what27)problems1) took out2) searched3) assistant4) make a list5) correct6) articles7) lying8) satisfied9) pulled out10) Embarrassed翻译1) 据报道，那条铁路曾因洪水而停止修建。
大学英语精读第一册UnitSix
E.g. Our plan turned out not quite successful as expected. (结果,我们的计划没有像期望的那么成功.) His statement turned out to be false. (最后证实他的话是错的。) It turned out that he was Jim’s father. (结果,他就是吉姆的父亲.)
Background Knowledge
美国的教育体系：
美国文化教育的高水平也决定了美国在世界科技方面的领先地位。在美国人看来，每个人都应该有机会接受最好的教育，以发展个人的天赋与能力。从19世纪早期开始，这种义务教育的理想便不断得到群众的支持。许多政教界的领导人物指出，美国的繁荣与强大，事实上是得力于教育之普及。
hold up: (often used in passive voice) delay, get in one’s way 延迟, 耽搁, 阻碍
We are held up for 5 minutes in a traffic jam. (我被一场交通阻塞耽误了5分钟。) The steel strike may hold up the production of cars for several months. (钢铁工人罢工，可能会使汽车生产停滞好几个月。)
2
中、小学教育主要是由各州教育委员会和地方政府管理，多数州实行十年义务教育。各州学制不一，大部分为小学六年、初中三年、高中三年。美国的学校有公立和私立两种，公立学校由政府税收支持，学生免费入学；私立学校多由教会支持，也包括那些合乎相当学院基础的私立学校。在初中阶段，约有10%的人就读于私立或教会学校。在高中阶段，同样约有10%的人就读于私立或教会学校读书。约有20%的大学生是读私立学校或教会学校。
外教社大学英语精读第1册第6单元参考答案
外教社大学英语精读第1册第6单元参考答案Vocabulary41.expert2.amaze3.qulity control4.relieve5.assembly line6.fire7.major8.decrease9.management 10.productive51.relieve2.decrease3.whatsoever4.achieved5.dull6.results in7.backgroud 8.As a result 9.frequent 10.hold up, keep up with11.in (its) place 12.on a ... basis 13.boring/dull 14.missing61.Mutual trust and respect are the basis for any goodrelationship between nations.2.For many boys, it seems almost impossible to keep theirbedrooms neat.3.The take-off (departure) of our plane was help up by thick fog over the airport.4.The city has experienced two major earthquakes in its history, one in 1906 and the other in 1989.5.Though an outstanding scientist, the professor was oftenabsent-minded in his personal life.6.Failure to report to work on time will often result in an91.They spent two whole months working on the design of the machine.2.The artist spends most of his spare time collecting butterfly specimens.3.The manager spent three hours talking to Sam yesterday morning.4.He spent the whole morning trying to solve the math problem.101.except2.except for3.except4.except for5.except6.except for111.1)His nephew didn't use to visit him at Christmas.Did his nephew use to visit him at Christmas?2)He didn't use to be as thin as she.Did he use to be as thin as she?3)She didn't use to burn the midnight oil.Dis she use to burn the midnight oil?2. 1)didn't they 2)didn't you 3)wasn't there121.First of all2.Most curious of all3.Most important of all4.Worst of allCloze13(A)(1)basis (2)efficiency (3)neat (4)quality (5)inspect (6)productive (7)findings (8)flow (9)amazed (10)suggestions(11)management(B)(1)places/roles (2)bored (3)enjoy/like (4)traveling/going(5)hour (6)the (7)in (8)telling/ordering (9)didn't (10)until(11)job (12)mine (13)take/accept (14)stay (15)At (16)being(17)understand (18)so (19)boring/dull (20)work (21)an (22)until(23)on (24)right/correct (25)so (26)what (27)problemsTranslation141.It was reported that the building of the railway had been held up by a flood.2.The strike resulted in the management's accepting the workers' demands.3.The coalminers decided to go on strike for better workingconditions.4.I'd like very much to buy the English dictionary. UnfortunatelyI haven't go enough money on me.5.I'd like to talk over with you about the English translation ofthe article before sending it Mr. Hobbs.6.The foreign expert hopes to achieve all his aims in threeyears.7.What do you think a scientist must do in order to keep up withthe latest developments in his field?8.The author thinks that if excellent workers get frequent payincreases and promotions, they will have greater incentive toproduce.。
大学英语精读1Unit6教案
#### 一、课题《大学英语精读1》Unit6：Life of a Traveling Salesman#### 二、教学目标1. 知识目标：- 掌握本单元的生词、短语和句型。
- 理解文章主旨，提高阅读理解能力。
2. 能力目标：- 培养学生的批判性思维能力，提高口语表达能力。
- 培养学生通过阅读获取信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力。
3. 情感目标：- 引导学生关注旅行销售员的生活，培养学生尊重不同职业的精神。
- 增强学生的国际视野，培养学生的社会责任感。
#### 三、教学重点与难点1. 教学重点：- 理解文章主旨和段落大意。
- 掌握重点词汇和短语，如：traverse, itinerary, accommodation, commission, itinerary等。
2. 教学难点：- 理解文章中复杂的句子结构。
- 提高学生的批判性思维和口语表达能力。
#### 四、教学过程##### 第一课时Step 1：Lead-in（导入新课，10分钟）- 教师简要介绍旅行销售员这一职业，激发学生的学习兴趣。
- 学生分享自己或家人、朋友的旅行经历。
Step 2：Pre-reading（阅读前活动，15分钟）- 学生快速浏览文章标题和图片，预测文章内容。
- 教师提问：What do you think the article will be about? Why? Step 3：While-reading（阅读中活动，20分钟）- 学生细读文章，完成以下任务：- 阅读理解练习，如：填空、选择题、判断题等。
- 找出文章中的重点词汇和短语，并进行翻译。
- 分析文章的段落结构，总结段落大意。
Step 4：Post-reading（阅读后活动，15分钟）- 学生分组讨论以下问题：- What are the challenges faced by a traveling salesman? - How do they overcome these challenges?- What are the benefits and drawbacks of this job?- 学生代表发言，分享自己的观点。
《现代大学英语精读1》第六课the green banana
C. Batchelder’s view on cross-cultural education:
第九页，共41页。
WB TR
Background
Author
the goals of education:
countries more often?
WB
第六页，共41页。
TR
Warming up
Objectives
• Understand the structure and the general idea of the story
• Think about how to interpret the story • Know something about the author
What did the author learn about the center of the world (the rock)? How did he feel toward it?
What are the two learning moments of the author? What did he learn?
第十页，共41页。
WB TR
Background
Genre
A Short Story
Plot: “My” experience in a small Brazilian village and what “I” concluded.
Setting: a small village in the central area of Brazil
a. the possibility that sth. will have a positive effect
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dull: a. (of color or surface) not bright or clear(指 色彩、表面)不鲜明的, 发灰的, 阴暗的,暗淡的
另外，修饰颜色的其它词，如： bright=(of a color) strong, clear and easily seen (色 彩)明亮的，清晰的 dark=(of color) tending towards black(色彩)深 light=(of color) not deep of dark(色彩)浅 E.g. dull gray(暗灰) dull color(暗淡的色彩) bright gray(明快的灰色) bright color(明亮的色彩) dark gray (深灰色) dark color (深色) light gray (浅灰色) light color (浅色)
result in vs result from
1.result in= have as a result, cause“结果是，导致；造成，引起”. 它表示由某事造成的结果。 E.g. Smoking too much often results in lung cancer and many other diseases. Lack of population control can result in poverty. (不进行人口控制会造成贫穷。) 2. result from= be caused by, to happen as an effect or result “起 因于…”, “由…(原因)产生”；用来表示事物产生的根源。 E.g. His success results from hard work. (他的成功是他努力工作的结果。) His illness resulted from excessive work. (他的疾病是由过度劳累引起的。)
turn out=happen to be or found to be in the end 结果是, 证明是
E.g. Our plan turned out not quite successful as expected. (结果,我们的计划没有像期望的那么成功.) His statement turned out to be false. (最后证实他的话是错的。) It turned out that he was Jim’s father. (结果,他就是吉姆的父亲.)
keep up with= go or move as fast as, go forward at an equal pace with 跟上, 紧跟
E.g. We should keep up with the times. (我们应紧跟时代潮流。) They could not keep up with us when we climbed the mountain 与 except
1. except for : 是“除了…”; 引出一个与述说的主要意思相 反的原因或细节, 从而部分地修正句中所述的主要意思. E.g. Your composition is very good except for some spelling mistakes. (你的作文很好,只是有几个拼写错误而已.) Except for its high cost, this type of machine would be very suitable. (这种机器非常合适, 只是价格贵了些.) 2. except:也是 “除了…”; 它用来表示从整体中排除其中 的一部分, 其后可接名词或从句. E.g. He answered all the questions except (for) the last one. (除了最后一个问题, 所有的问题他都回答了.)
hold up: (often used in passive voice) delay, get in one’s way 延迟, 耽搁, 阻碍
We are held up for 5 minutes in a traffic jam. (我被一场交通阻塞耽误了5分钟。) The steel strike may hold up the production of cars for several months. (钢铁工人罢工，可能会使汽车生产停滞好几 个月。)
If you ask my mother how I happened to become an industrial engineer, …
a bit
vs. a little
Cloze (A)
(page 108)
The personality traits() shown by Sam Adams since childhood seemed to form the b (1) of his becoming an industrial engineer: His e (2) , his efforts to be n (3) and well-organized, and his attention to q (4) were all familiar to everyone who knew him. After he obtained a university degree, his job was to i (5) a shirt factory to find ways of making the operations more p (6) . While carrying out his inspection, he was surprised by his f (6) . The poor working conditions, the lack() of quality control, and the regular work f (6) all a (6) him. When he finished the inspection, he offered many s (6) to the m (6) . To his surprise, however, his reward() for the inspection was a check for ＄100 and a box of shirts.
Talk over= discuss, discuss fully 商量, 讨论; 详谈
E.g. The teacher would like to talk over this problem next class. (老师将在下节课讨论这个问题。) He talked over the matter with his wife before making a decision. (在作出决定前, 他和他妻子就这件事详谈了一下 .)
I couldn’t do anything except just sit there and hope. (我除了干坐在那儿盼望外,无事可干.) He has always been in good health except that he has had a slight headache in the past few days. (除了在过去几天里稍有点头痛之外, 他身体一直很好.) 3. except for… 还可以表示“如果不是由于…”; 等于but for. E.g. Except for your help, I would not have finished the task. (要不是因为你的帮助,我是不可能完成这项工作的.) 还需注意的是: 当except位于句首时,须用except for代替. E.g. Except for John, everyone was present. (除约翰外, 所有的人都出席了.)
Unit Six
Sam Adams, Industrial Engineer
whatsoever: a.=of any kind, at all任何的， 丝毫的
它用在含否定词或any的句中，放在n.后面， 表示“任何的(=at all)”, 语气比whatever强。 E.g. Is there any chance whatsoever? (有一点可能性吗？)
Background Knowledge
Industrial Engineering(工业管理工程学) 工业管理工程学详细分析劳动力,原材料和设 备的成本,以期提高生产力,增加收益和提高效 率. 搞这种分析研究的人叫做工业管理工程师. 他的主要职责就是协调人力资源,原材料和机 械设备的关系并制定一套最行之有效的生产方 案.
as a result vs
as a result of
as a result= because of… 作为结果，因此 E.g. Tom didn’t study hard, as a result, he failed to pass the exam. as a result of…=because of, owning to…由于 E.g. He is unable to go to school as a result of the fall from his motorbike.
find out= learn to discover 查明,发现(尤指坏事)
E.g. You may get away with dishonesty for a while, but you will be found out sooner or later. (不诚实只能蒙蔽一时, 迟早会被发现的.) Jenny was angry when her boyfriend found out her secrets. (珍妮在她男朋友发现她的秘密后,非常生气.)
Background Knowledge
学院 vs. 大学：
学院(College)一般为专业性大学，只针对某个某些研 究领域，范围较小，一般只授予学生文学士( B.A. 即 Bachelor of Arts)和理学士(B.S.即Bachelor of Science)学位。 而大学(University)则为综合性大学，一般由若干个分 院构成，人数众多，研究范围广，大学除了可以授予 文学士和理学士的学位外，还可可以授予文科硕士 (M.A., 即Master of Arts))和理科硕士(M.S., 即Master of Science)学位，可以授予博士(Ph.D. 即Doctor of Philosophy)学位。注意，Ph. D. 并不单指哲学博士， 而是所有的博士都叫Ph. D.