(经典阅读理解+阅读七选五)(测试1)(解析版)-2024年高考英语二轮复习讲练测(新教材新高考)

（考试时间：
A
Generations of creators have improved our lives with everything that touches off our imagination.Here are some of the brilliant inventors.
Ellen Swallow Richards(1842—1911)
After earning a bachelor’s degree from Vassar College in1870,Richards was accepted as a“special student”at all-male MIT,becoming the first woman in the United States to attend a science school.She conducted a huge survey of water quality in Massachusetts,an effort that led to the first state water-quality standards in US.
Gregor Mendel(1822—1884)
In the mid-1800s,he experimented with pea plants to determine how physical features pass from one generation to the next.The experiments established the basic rules needed to cross-breed(杂交繁殖)plants to create a new variety with desired characteristics.
Ray Kroc(1902—1984)
As the founder of McDonald’s restaurants,Kroc changed the way Americans eat.In1954,Kroc was selling industrial mixers and visited the California restaurant of two of his best customers,Maurice and Richard McDonald. Kroc was impressed by the methods the brothers used to make their hamburgers,cheeseburgers,French fries,and milkshakes.
Kroc,an Illinois native,talked the McDonalds into allowing him to create a group of drive-in hamburger restaurants using their methods and name.The first of his restaurants opened in Des Plaines,Illinois,on April15, 1955.
Jane Jacobs(1916—2006)
Jacobs was not a formally trained urban planner and didn’t have a college degree,but her intelligent views on community planning changed the way Americans thought about cities.In her1961book,Death and Life of Great American Cities,Jacobs advocated human-friendly neighborhoods featuring short city blocks and mixed-use buildings that encouraged resident interaction.She also strongly opposed high-rise developments and expressways that cut through neighborhoods.
1．What did Gregor Mendel do?
A．He found a new fast food making method.
B．He discovered the basic cross-breeding laws.
C．He established the water-quality standards in US.
D．He helped to plan human-friendly neighborhoods.
2．Who is the founder of McDonald’s restaurants?
A．Ray Kroc.B．Jane Jacobs.
C．Richard McDonald.D．Maurice McDonald.
3．When did Jane Jacobs publish Death and Life of Great American Cities?
A．In2006.B．In1984.C．In1961.D．In1916.
【答案】1．B2．A3．C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。

文章简要介绍了几个著名的发明家。

1．细节理解题。

根据Gregor Mendel(1822—1884)部分的“The experiments established the basic rules needed to cross-breed(杂交繁殖)plants to create a new variety with desired characteristics.(这些实验建立了杂交植物所需的基本规则，以创造出具有所需特征的新品种)”可知，孟德尔发现了杂交繁殖的基本规律，故选B项。

2．细节理解题。

根据Ray Kroc(1902—1984)部分的“As the founder of McDonald’s restaurants,Kroc changed the way Americans eat.(作为麦当劳餐厅的创始人，克罗克改变了美国人的饮食方式)”可知，雷·克罗克是麦当劳的创始人，故选A项。

3．细节理解题。

根据Jane Jacobs(1916—2006)部分的“In her1961book,Death and Life of Great American Cities,Jacobs advocated human-friendly neighborhoods featuring short city blocks and mixed-use buildings that encouraged resident interaction.(在1961年出版的《美国大城市的死与生》一书中，雅各布斯倡导以短街区和混合用途建筑为特色的人性化社区，鼓励居民互动)”可知，简·雅各布斯于1916年出版了《美国大城市的死与生》一书，故选C项。

B
A famous company’s leader believes there’s only one way to know if you truly understand a subject:Can you explain it to a child?But the man with lifelong love of math recently found it didn’t always go well when he tried explaining mathematical concepts(概念)to his then-school-aged children.
He thinks that learning with kids to see what’s puzzling to them and what’s easy for them are the final test of whether you know a topic—whether you can explain it.
Teachers often ask students to give a statement on a subject to show that they understand it.Studies show that people are more likely to remember and understand concepts they’ve learned after explaining them to someone else or even to themselves.That means you can testyour own knowledge in a subject simply by trying to teach it to a friend,to see both how much information you’ve kept and how well you actually understand its concepts.If they successfully learn from you,it’s a good sign that you’re on the right track.
The leader,who studied math and computer science at university,noted that while hewas personally good at math as a high school student,he had trouble passing that enthusiasm(热情)to his three kids.
He loves doing math,but in the past his younger daughter would always say that he made it so complicated (复杂的)and he didn’t need to explain this to her.Because she just wanted to know the answer.
Today,his three children are all in their20s.While they may not have enjoyed the math lessons,he says that one of his favorite things is teaching calculus(微积分)to the kids.There are a few very difficult concepts in calculus.He must explain why calculus is so important and why calculus has those funny symbols.It’s crazy and it’s
probably the thing he enjoys the most.
4．What happened to the leader recently?
A．He explained Chinese well.
B．He developed his lifelong love of math.
C．He met a challenge in playing with his kids.
D．He had trouble explaining mathematical concepts to his kids.
5．What does the author encourage people to do in paragraph3?
A．Communicate with others actively.
B．Build relationship with others.
C．Manage to describe themselves.
D．Know about their own learning by teaching others.
6．What did the leader’s younger daughter care about?
A．Describing an example.B．Learning with her father.
C．Getting the final answer.D．Keeping enthusiasm high.
7．What does the leader think of his teaching calculus to his children?
A．It brings him happiness.B．It helps his kids grow.
C．It gives him a lesson.D．It improves his maths.
【答案】4．D5．D6．C7．A
【解析】本文是说明文。

文章通过一个著名公司的领导人的想法：想要理解一个科目，就把介绍给孩子们，解释了人们在向别人甚至自己解释后，更有可能记住和理解他们所学到的概念。

4．细节理解题。

根据第一段的“But the man with lifelong love of math recently found it didn’t always go well when he tried explaining mathematical concepts(概念)to his then-school-aged children.(但这位毕生热爱数学的人最近发现，当他试图向当时还在上学的孩子们解释数学概念时，并不总是很顺利。

)”可知，这位领导发现他很难向孩子们解释数学概念。

故选D。

5．细节理解题。

根据第三段内容“Studies show that people are more likely to remember and understand concepts they’ve learned after explaining them to someone else or even to themselves.That means you can test your own knowledge in a subject simply by trying to teach it to a friend,to see both how much information you’ve kept and how well you actually understand its concepts.If they successfully learn from you,it’s a good sign that you’re on the right track.(研究表明，人们在向别人甚至自己解释后，更有可能记住和理解他们所学到的概念。

这意味
着你可以通过简单地把某一学科的知识教给朋友来测试你自己的知识，看看你掌握了多少信息，以及你对概念的实际理解程度。

如果他们成功地向你学习，这是一个好迹象，表明你走在正确的道路上。

)”可知，作者鼓励通过教别人了解自己的学习。

故选D。

6．细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段的“He loves doing math,but in the past his younger daughter would always say that he made it so complicated(复杂的)and he didn’t need to explain this to her.Because she just wanted to know the answer.(他喜欢做数学，但在过去，他的小女儿总是说他把数学弄得那么复杂，他不需要向她解释。

因为她只是想知道答案。

)”可知，作者的小女儿在乎的只是最终的答案。

故选C。

7．细节理解题。

根据最后一段的“he says that one of his favorite things is teaching calculus(微积分)to the kids. There are a few very difficult concepts in calculus.He must explain why calculus is so important and why calculus has those funny symbols.It’s crazy and it’s probably the thing he enjoys the most.(他说他最喜欢的事情之一就是教孩子们微积分。

微积分中有几个非常难的概念。

他必须解释为什么微积分如此重要，为什么微积分有那些有趣的符号。

这太疯狂了，这可能是他最喜欢的事情。

)”可知，这个领导人认为教孩子们微积分给他带来快乐。

故选A。

C
When I was a girl of eight,living in a town,I used to work for Mrs.White,an elderly lady.She paid me very little for my work,because she didn’t have much money.She did,however,promise to give me a Christmas present. The girls I played with had baseball gloves,bicycles and ice skates,and I was so eager to acquire any one of these. On Christmas morning,Mrs.White gave me a little package which could hardly hold anything.I was painfully disappointed but she told me it was a kind of magic.My disappointment turned into curiosity.
With great excitement I opened the package,only to find a pile of ten sheets of black paper inside,each labeled in colorful letters,Carbon Paper Regal Premium.I didn’t know what it was.“Is it magic?”I asked.My Aunt Karen,who was a school teacher,answered,“It really is!”She took two pieces of white paper and placed between them one of the black sheets from the box.Then,with a hard pencil,she wrote my name on the upper sheet.Removing it and the Carbon Paper Regal Premium,she handed me the second sheet,which her pencil had in no way touched.There was my name!
I was enthralled.I wrote and wrote,using up whole tablets until the last piece of black paper was used up.It was a game I didn’t want to end.I was very happy with my special gift.I can honestly say that,in that one moment, I understood as much about printing,copying words and the mystery of spreading ideas as I have learned in the remaining half-century of my life.
I hope that this year some boys and girls will receive,from thoughtful adults who really love them,gifts that will shock them.It is such gifts and such experiences—usually costing little or nothing—that transform a life and lend it a motivation that may continue for decades.
8．Why did Mrs.White promise to give the girl a Christmas present?
A．She wanted to meet the child’s wish.B．She rewarded the girl for her good work.
C．She gave gifts to every child in the town.D．She wanted to make up for the low salary.
9．What do we know about Carbon Paper Regal Premium?
A．It is used in school teaching.B．It is made by special magicians.
C．It usually consists of colorful paper.D．It can copy something written on paper.
10．What does the underlined sentence“I was enthralled.”in Paragraph3mean?
A．I was addicted to Carbon Paper Regal Premium.
B．I was curious about Carbon Paper Regal Premium.
C．I was confused about Carbon Paper Regal Premium.
D．I was shocked there was a name on the second sheet.
11．What message does the author seem to convey in the text?
A．Children should work for others to get a gift.B．A gift with long-term effects is a better choice.
C．Children need to receive a gift that they want.D．Carbon Paper Regal Premium is a perfect gift.
【答案】8．D9．D10．A11．B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。

主要讲述了作者八岁时得到了怀特太太送的复写纸作为礼物，作者对这种东西非常着迷，并从中学到了印刷、复制文字和传播思想的奥秘。

8．细节理解题。

根据第一段“She paid me very little for my work,because she didn’t have much money.She did, however,promise to give me a Christmas present.(她给我的工资很少，因为她没有多少钱。

然而，她答应给我一份圣诞礼物)”可知，怀特太太答应给那个女孩一份圣诞礼物是因为她想弥补低工资。

故选D。

9．细节理解题。

根据第二段“She took two pieces of white paper and placed between them one of the black sheets from the box.Then,with a hard pencil,she wrote my name on the upper sheet.Removing it and the Carbon Paper Regal Premium,she handed me the second sheet,which her pencil had in no way touched.There was my name!(她拿起两张白纸，从盒子里拿出一张黑布放在它们中间。

然后，她用一支硬铅笔把我的名字写在上面那张纸上。

她取下那张纸和那张皇家高级复写纸，递给我第二张纸，她的铅笔根本没碰过那张纸。

上面却有我的名字！)”可知，Carbon Paper Regal Premium可以复制写在纸上的东西。

故选D。

10．词句猜测题。

根据划线词后文“I wrote and wrote,using up whole tablets until the last piece of black paper was used up.It was a game I didn’t want to end.(我写啊写，把整张纸都用完了，直到最后一张黑纸都用完了)”可知，作者一直把Carbon Paper Regal Premium都写完了，说明作者对Carbon Paper Regal Premium着迷了。

故划线句意思是“我对Carbon Paper Regal Premium着迷了”。

故选A。

11．推理判断题。

根据最后一段“It is such gifts and such experiences—usually costing little or nothing—that transform a life and lend it a motivation that may continue for decades.(正是这样的礼物和经历——通常花费很少或根本不花——改变了一个人的生活，并赋予它一种可能持续几十年的动力)”可推知，作者想要表达的信息是：有长期效果的礼物是更好的选择。

故选B。

D
Recently,I accidentally found a set of Hanfu l only wore once from the bottom of the cupboard.I remember buying them simply to match the ancient-style hair accessories(配饰)a friend gave me.It occurred to me that1 had been trapped in the“birdcage effect”.
“Birdcage effect”means that when you get an item one day,you will prepare more things to match it.Weeks ago,I was in the company of friends engaged in shopping.One said that she wanted to buy a good writing pen to match the delicate notebook that her sister gave her,so that she would fall in love with taking notes on reading,and thus love reading,not just reading.I joked that she must have fallen for the“birdcage effect”.But the friend said with a smile:“Why not use the‘birdcage effect’instead?”
For the first time,I heard that the“birdcage effect”can be used in reverse(逆向).However,this can’t help but remind me of middle school,and I seem to have used the“birdcage effect”.Passing by a bookstore one day,I purchased a magazine and saw the call for contributions published in the magazine,so I started writing with eager hands,and then I fell in love with writing.
After shopping with my friends that time,I began to proceed to use the“birdcage effect”.I bought a small fresh tablecloth to decorate my desk,and a beautiful notebook to record my inspiration.When everything was ready, I started writing again.
But how can we get rid of the“birdcage effect”in many things,and even use the“birdcage effect”in the opposite way?Various“birdcages”unavoidably appear in life,but we can distinguish them.If it is not in line with the actual situation,it is a“negative birdcage”,then we must learn to stop losses in time and maintain a heart of abandonment and separation.If it is a“positive birdcage”that motivates us to develop upward,we can clarify our goals,shop or decorate appropriately,and motivate ourselves to move towards our goals.At this time,you will find
that the“birdcage effect”is actually not so terrible!
12．What is paragraph2mainly about?
A．The application of the“birdcage effect”in life.
B．The necessity of using the“birdcage effect”in life.
C．The turning point of the author’s idea on the“birdcage effect”.
D．The author’s conflict with her friend over the“birdcage effect”.
13．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning her middle school experience?
A．To recall her delightful days at school.
B．To explain the reason for her love with writing.
C．To confirm the positive of the“birdcage effect”.
D．To prove her knowledge of the“birdcage effect”.
14．How can we make use of the“birdcage effect”positively?
A．By realizing this effect has two sides.
B．By promoting our personal consumption.
C．By recognizing this effect is not so terrible.
D．By guiding our acts to go with reasonable goals.
15．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Getting Rid of the Birdcage Effect Confidently
B．Motivating Ourselves to Move Towards Our Goals
C．The Birdcage Effect:Influence on Consumer Behavior
D．The Birdcage Effect:How to Use It to Your Advantage
【答案】12．C13．C14．D15．D
【解析】本文是说明文。

文章主要介绍了“鸟笼效应”以及我们该如何在生活中恰当地利用它。

12．主旨大意题。

第二段首句““Birdcage effect”means that when you get an item one day,you will prepare more things to match it.Weeks ago,I was in the company of friends engaged in shopping.One said that she wanted to buy a good writing pen to match the delicate notebook that her sister gave her,so that she would fall in love with taking notes on reading,and thus love reading,not just reading.I joked that she must have fallen for the“birdcage effect”.But the friend said with a smile:“Why not use the‘birdcage effect’instead?”(“鸟笼效应”是指当你有一天得到一件物品时，你会准备更多的东西来搭配它。

几周前，我和朋友一起去购物。

有的说，她想买一支好
的写字笔，搭配姐姐送给她的精致笔记本，让她爱上记读书笔记，从而爱上读书，而不仅仅是读书。

我开玩笑说她一定是受了“鸟笼效应”的影响。

但朋友笑道：“为什么不用‘鸟笼效应’来代替呢？”)”可知，朋友告诉作者可以反向使用“鸟笼效应”，作者第一次听说“鸟笼效应”可以反向使用，由此可知，第二段主要讲述了作者对“鸟笼效应”的看法有了改变，第三段第一句话“For the first time,I heard that the“birdcage effect”can be used in reverse(逆向).(第一次听说“鸟笼效应”可以反向使用)”也是提示，说明作者对“鸟笼效应”的看法发生了改变，故选C。

13．推理判断题。

根据第三段中“However,this can’t help but remind me of middle school,and I seem to have used the“birdcage effect”.Passing by a bookstore one day,I purchased a magazine and saw the call for contributions published in the magazine,so I started writing with eager hands,and then I fell in love with writing.(不过，这不禁让我想起了中学时代，我似乎运用了“鸟笼效应”。

有一天路过一家书店，我买了一本杂志，看到杂志上刊登的征稿启事，我就开始急切地开始写作，从此我就爱上了写作)”可知，作者运用了“鸟笼效应”的结果是自己爱上了写作，这是“鸟笼效应”给作者带来的积极影响，由此可推知，作者提到她的中学经历的是为了证实“鸟笼效应”的积极作用。

故选C。

14．细节理解题。

根据最后一段中“If it is a“positive birdcage”that motivates us to develop upward,we can clarify our goals,shop or decorate appropriately,and motivate ourselves to move towards our goals.(如果是一个激励我们向上发展的“积极的鸟笼”，我们可以明确自己的目标，适当的购物或装饰，激励自己朝着目标前进。

)”可知，我们可以通过指导我们的行为去实现合理的目标以此来积极利用“鸟笼效应”，故选D。

15．主旨大意题。

通读全文，尤其是第二段中““Birdcage effect”means that when you get an item one day,you will prepare more things to match it.(“鸟笼效应”是指当你有一天得到一件物品时，你会准备更多的东西来搭配它。

)”，第三段中“For the first time,I heard that the“birdcage effect”can be used in reverse(逆向).(第一次听说“鸟笼效应”可以反向使用)”和最后一段“But how can we get rid of the“birdcage effect”in many things,and even use the“birdcage effect”in the opposite way?Various“birdcages”unavoidably appear in life,but we can distinguish them.If it is not in line with the actual situation,it is a“negative birdcage”,then we must learn to stop losses in time and maintain a heart of abandonment and separation.If it is a“positive birdcage”that motivates us to develop upward,we can clarify our goals,shop or decorate appropriately,and motivate ourselves to move towards our goals.At this time,you will find that the“birdcage effect”is actually not so terrible!(但如何才能在很多事情上摆脱“鸟笼效应”，甚至反过来利用“鸟笼效应”呢？生活中难免会出现各种各样的“鸟笼”，但我们可以区分它们。

如果不符合实际情况，就是“负面鸟笼”，那么我们就要学会及时止损，保持一颗抛弃、分离的心。

如果是一个激励我们向上发展的“积极的鸟笼”，我们可以明确自己的目标，适当的购物或装饰，激励自己朝着
目标前进。

这时候你就会发现“鸟笼效应”其实并没有那么可怕！)”可知，文章主要介绍了“鸟笼效应”以及我们该如何在生活中恰当地利用它，D项“鸟笼效应：如何利用它来对你有利”适合作文章标题，故选D。

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。

文章讲述了人生充满了胜利和失败，作者就如何在生活中开创新篇章给出一些建议。

16．空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。

根据下文“There is one common mistake that many of us make when dealing with a situation.We may try to go through it on our nding in a sticky place is extremely worrying. To get out of this situation,you must ask others for help.(在处理问题时，我们很多人都会犯一个常见的错误。

我们可以试着自己熬过去。

降落在一个黏糊糊的地方是非常令人担忧的。

要摆脱这种状况，你必须向别人寻求帮助)”可知，本段主要讲述的是当遇到问题时，我们可以向他人求助。

选项A“Learn From Others(向他人学习)”与下文内容相一致。

故选A。

17．根据空前“When we talk about others,I refer to the people who you are close with.(当我们谈论他人时，我指的是你亲近的人)”可知，作者所谓的他人指的是与自己亲近的人。

选项C“These could be your family and close friends(这些人可能是你的家人和亲密的朋友)”延续上文内容，指的是所谓的亲近的人，可以是家人和亲友。

故选C。

18．根据空前“To move on from every struggle and heartbreak,you must let go of the past,guilt,and anger.(要从每一次挣扎和心碎中走出来，你必须放下过去、内疚和愤怒)”可知，想要走出来，我们要放下过去，放下内疚和愤怒。

选项G“No matter what,negative feelings always have the opposite of the desired effect(不管怎样，消极的情绪总是与期望的效果相反)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的是我们要放下消极的情绪，因为消极的情绪总是与期望的效果相反。

故选G。

19．根据空后“We must forgive ourselves so that we can easily begin the next chapter.(我们必须原谅自己，这样我们才能轻松地开始下一个篇章)”可知，想要开始新篇章，我们要学会原谅自己。

选项F“It is easy to forgive others but very hard to forgive ourselves(原谅别人很容易，但原谅自己却很难)”自然引出下文内容，同时与本段小标题“Forgive Yourself And Begin Anew(原谅自己，重新开始)”相一致。

故选F。

20．根据上文“Talk to yourself like a gentle teacher.Everyone makes mistakes,and it is what makes us humans.(像一个温柔的老师一样对自己说话。

每个人都会犯错误，这是我们成为人类的原因)”可知，我们要温柔地与自己对话。

选项E“A warm and encouraging tone will help you out very much(温暖和鼓励的语气会对你很有帮助)”延续上文内容，指的是温柔的语气对我们开启新篇章很有好处。

故选E。