卤代烃的命名
合集下载
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
卤代烃的命名
What is Halogenated hydrocarbons Halogenated hydrocarbons ： Hydrocarbon molecules of hydrogen atoms be replaced the generated halogen halogenated compounds called hydrocarbon
Then, from near the unsaturated key which side began to Numbers
Finally, other steps and hydrocarbon hydrocarbon named similar.
CH2=CHCl
vinyl chloride
phenyl chloride
1,4-Dichloorbenzene
The End Bye-Bye
benzyl chloride
IUPAC nomenclature
When halogenated hydrocarbon is more complex, need to adopt the system nomenclature.
IUPAC nomenclature rule
With corresponding hydrocarbon for matrix, the bittern replaced the atom as. The basic principle, method named general with the same hydrocarbons.
Classification 1.Saturated hydrocarbon halogenated CH3CH2CH2CI
1-Chloropropane
2.Unsaturated halogenated hydrocarbon
CH2=CHCH2Cl
Allyl chloride
3. Halogenated aromatics
Unsaturated halogenated hydrocarbon naming
First, choose to contain the atom and also containing unsaturated the longest chain carbon chain as the main chain.
CH3Cl CH2Cl2 CHCl3 CCl4 CH3CH2Br
methyl chloride methylene dichloride chloroform carbon tetrachloride ethyl bromide
CH2=CHCl CH2-CH-CH2Cl
ethylene dibromide vinyl chloride allyl chloridห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ phenyl chloride 1,4-Dichloorbenzene
Ordinary nomenclature
According to the name thioetherification connected halogen for name,called "a halogen".
CH3CH2CH2CH2Br n-butyl bromide
CH2=CHCH2Cl alkyl chloride
When the main chain has many replace base, first the alphabetical order, will the priority groups wrote in front, rely on the later after groups.
Finally, named abide by a chain Numbers as small as possible for the principle.
Saturated halogenated hydrocarbon named
First, choose to contain the longest chain of carbon atoms halogen as the main chain.
Then, from near the end of the halogen atoms to the main chain of carbon atoms in Numbers.
Bromobenzene
Rule
1.Halogen F：Fluorine Cl：Chlorine Br：Bromine I：Iodine 2. In Compounds ①In beginning ----delete “ine”+“-o” fluorine → fluorochlorine → chlorobromine → bromoiodine → iodo②In laster ----delete “ine”+“-ide” fluorine → fluoride chlorine → chloride bromine → bromide iodine → iodide
USES
Halogenated hydrocarbon has many uses, and can be used for industrial solvents, anesthesia absorber, refrigerants, pesticides, fumigants and so on.
The naming of halogenated aromatics
Halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon naming, if halogen atoms and benzene ring directly connected. Criterion with aromatic hydrocarbons as matrix, the bittern replaced atoms as base, if halogen atoms in the side of the key link aromatic hydrocarbons, criterion with side chain as matrix. Aromatic thioetherification replaced as base. That is the naming of halogenated with hydrocarbon.
What is Halogenated hydrocarbons Halogenated hydrocarbons ： Hydrocarbon molecules of hydrogen atoms be replaced the generated halogen halogenated compounds called hydrocarbon
Then, from near the unsaturated key which side began to Numbers
Finally, other steps and hydrocarbon hydrocarbon named similar.
CH2=CHCl
vinyl chloride
phenyl chloride
1,4-Dichloorbenzene
The End Bye-Bye
benzyl chloride
IUPAC nomenclature
When halogenated hydrocarbon is more complex, need to adopt the system nomenclature.
IUPAC nomenclature rule
With corresponding hydrocarbon for matrix, the bittern replaced the atom as. The basic principle, method named general with the same hydrocarbons.
Classification 1.Saturated hydrocarbon halogenated CH3CH2CH2CI
1-Chloropropane
2.Unsaturated halogenated hydrocarbon
CH2=CHCH2Cl
Allyl chloride
3. Halogenated aromatics
Unsaturated halogenated hydrocarbon naming
First, choose to contain the atom and also containing unsaturated the longest chain carbon chain as the main chain.
CH3Cl CH2Cl2 CHCl3 CCl4 CH3CH2Br
methyl chloride methylene dichloride chloroform carbon tetrachloride ethyl bromide
CH2=CHCl CH2-CH-CH2Cl
ethylene dibromide vinyl chloride allyl chloridห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ phenyl chloride 1,4-Dichloorbenzene
Ordinary nomenclature
According to the name thioetherification connected halogen for name,called "a halogen".
CH3CH2CH2CH2Br n-butyl bromide
CH2=CHCH2Cl alkyl chloride
When the main chain has many replace base, first the alphabetical order, will the priority groups wrote in front, rely on the later after groups.
Finally, named abide by a chain Numbers as small as possible for the principle.
Saturated halogenated hydrocarbon named
First, choose to contain the longest chain of carbon atoms halogen as the main chain.
Then, from near the end of the halogen atoms to the main chain of carbon atoms in Numbers.
Bromobenzene
Rule
1.Halogen F：Fluorine Cl：Chlorine Br：Bromine I：Iodine 2. In Compounds ①In beginning ----delete “ine”+“-o” fluorine → fluorochlorine → chlorobromine → bromoiodine → iodo②In laster ----delete “ine”+“-ide” fluorine → fluoride chlorine → chloride bromine → bromide iodine → iodide
USES
Halogenated hydrocarbon has many uses, and can be used for industrial solvents, anesthesia absorber, refrigerants, pesticides, fumigants and so on.
The naming of halogenated aromatics
Halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon naming, if halogen atoms and benzene ring directly connected. Criterion with aromatic hydrocarbons as matrix, the bittern replaced atoms as base, if halogen atoms in the side of the key link aromatic hydrocarbons, criterion with side chain as matrix. Aromatic thioetherification replaced as base. That is the naming of halogenated with hydrocarbon.