2020中考英语阅读理解与阅读表达技巧指导(18页)

2020中考英语阅读理解与阅读表达技巧指导及试题专攻
本节知识
阅读理解
一、主旨概括型
对此类题型，第一要确定主题句。

每段的主题句常在首句、尾句、首尾句、段落中，或通过归纳分析得到，一般都用来表示一个段落的主旨大意。

然后根据文章意思和作者意图进行全面理解而归纳概括出来;注意不能太笼统、言过其实或以偏概全。

1)干扰项可能属文中某个具体事实或细节。

2)干扰项可能属从文中某些(不完全的)事实或细节片面推出的错误结论。

3)干扰项可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。

1．开门见山式：主题句出现在文首。

In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad，that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.
题目：What does this passage mainly talk about？（B）
petition helps to set up self-respect.
B.Opinions about competition are different among people.
petition is harmful to personal quality development.
D. Failures are necessary experience in competition.
解析：主题句中涉及到“argument”，与“opinion”及“different”相符，故选B；A、C分别是两种观点，以偏概全；D答案文中根本没有提到。

2．藏头露尾式：主题句出现在文尾
On the Internet, we can read news at home and abroad and get as much information as we can. We often send e-mails or make telephone calls to our families as well as to our friends by Internet. What’s more, we can go to school on the net, read a lot of books and even teach ourselves foreign languages. We also enjoy music, watch ball matches on the net and play computer games. With the help of the net, we can do shopping even without leaving our homes. The Internet is playing a more and more important part in our daily life.
题目：What’s the main idea of the passage？（C）
A. Keep away from the Internet.
B. Surf the net.
C. The Internet is playing an important part in our daily life.
D. We can entertain ourselves on the Internet.
解析：A答案文中没有提到，并且与内容相悖；B选项太过笼统，不能对文章进行概括；D
选项时内容的一部分，以偏概全；故选C，由文章最后一句得出。

3．首尾呼应式：在有些文章中，为了突出主题，作者在文章开头提出主题，接着进行
阐述或论证，在结尾时再次点出主题。

值得注意的是，前后两个主题句不是简单的重复，再次出现的主题句往往是前面主题句的进一步引申或发展。

Lacrosse（曲棍球）is a popular sport in Canada. The Indians in Canada invented it. They used it to train for war. They invented this game before Columbus arrived in the New World.
People play lacrosse outdoors. The lacrosse field is seven meters long. At each end of the field there is a goal. The goal is…
There are many lacrosse clubs and lacrosse teams all over Canada. Every night Canadians can watch the lacrosse games on TV or listen to the lacrosse games over the radio.
At one time lacrosse was the national summer sport in Canada. Today it is still popular with Canadians.
题目：The passage is mainly about _________. （D）
A. How to Play Lacrosse
B. Lacrosse in Canada
C. The History of Lacrosse
D. Lacrosse—A Popular Game in Canada
解析：A选项在文中并没有提到；B选项相比D不够准确；C选项太过片面；由前后呼应句可得到D答案。

4．抛砖引玉式：文章的开头只是提出一个问题或者貌似正确的观点，而真正的主题则是通过对问题的解析和引申，或是通过责问和驳论的方式导出主题。

How could we possibly think that keeping animals in cages in unnatural environments －mostly for entertainment purposes－is fair and respectful？
Zoo officials say they are concerned about animals. However, most zoos remain “collections” of interesting “things” rather than protective habitats (栖息地).
Zoos claim (声称) to educate people and save endangered species(物种), but visitors leave zoos without having learned anything meaningful about the animals’ natural behavior, intelligence, or beauty.
Actually, we will save endangered species only if we save their habitat and put an end to the reasons people kill them. Instead of supporting zoos, we should support groups that work to protect animals’ natural habitats.
题目：What does the author try to argue in the passage？
A.Zoos are not worth the public support.
B.Zoos fail in their attempt to save animals.
C.Zoos should treat animals as human beings.
D.Zoos use animals as a means of entertainment.
解析：A选项是对“Instead of supporting zoos, we should support groups …”的片段误解；C选项在文中没有提到；D选项是主观错误推断；由上文划线句可以得出B选项。

5．藏龙卧虎式：即主题句隐含在全文当中，没有明确的主题句。

具体方法是：首先弄清楚各个段落讲了哪几个方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，寻
找共同点,然后加以归纳形成主题。

Handshaking, though a European practice is often seen in big cities of China. Nobody knows exactly when the practice started in Europe. It is said that long long ago in Europe when people
met, they showed their unarmed(无武器的) hands to each other as a sign of goodwill. As time went on and trade in cities grew rapidly, people in cities began to clap each other’s hands to make a deal or to reach an agreement. This practice was later changed into shaking hands among friends on meeting or leaving each other. “Let’s shake (hands) on it” sometimes means agreement reached.
题目：The first paragraph mainly tells us ______. （B）由文章归纳得出
A. where handshaking was first practiced
B. how handshaking came about
C. about the relationship between handshaking and trade
D. about the practice of handshaking both in Europe and in China
二、选择最好的标题——选帽原则：像帽子一样，大小合适才行。

另外，标题要简洁、突出、新颖。

标题是文章的点睛之笔，所以它还要具有醒目的特点，能吸引读者。

He wishes the holiday season would end already. His back aches, his red suit feels like a spacesuit, his cheeks have gone tight from smiling for 12 hours …
The questions from children these days are harder than ever. Now, with thousands of children expecting a father or mother serving in Iraq or Afghanistan, the questions are as heart-breaking as they are unanswerable. For example, “Can you please bring Daddy home from the war in time for Christmas morning？”
Santas also have a pretty good chance of getting sued (指控)…
题：What would be the best title for the passage？（A）
A．Christmas: Not a Good Festival for Santas
B．Is Santa Claus Really Alive？
C．A Christmas Story
D．What Does Santa Claus Do for Children？
主旨题不能够从原文中直接找到答案的题，要注意
1、以原文为依据，不参杂个人意见，要客观不要主观。

要克服“我认为…怎么样”的观点。

2、答案是比出来的。

答案不选对的，只选最好的。

因为，有时候四个答案都是对的。

答案不选对的，只选最好的。

比答案的原则是：好的>不知道的；不知道的>不对的。

3、注意绝对化的词。

如果答案选项中出现绝对化的词，比如：all，always，never，nothing，every 等等，除非文章当中使用了该类词汇，否则，一般都要排除。

4、答案要避免以点带面，以偏盖全。

尤其是多个选项都有道理，难以挑选正确答案的时候，要注意选择最符合题目要求的一个。

5、“傻瓜”原则。

文章中没有提到的就当时不知道，不要枉自猜测，自作聪明。

一切以文章内容为准。

二、推理判断型
做题要领：
既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。

考查学生:
• 判断、推理和引申
• 理解作者的意图、观点或态度
例题解析（一）：
Once upon a time, there was a lovely garden. There was a tree with many leaves and some
vegetables in the garden. Both the vegetables and the tree made the garden beautiful. The garden’s owner was very proud of this. But the tree and the vegetables didn’t like each other. The vegetables hated the tree’s shadow. The tree thought the vegetables drank all the water.
One day, the vegetables decided to use up all the water in the ground so that the tree would dry up. Then the tree answered back by refusing to shade the vegetables
from the hot sun. Soon, the vegetables and the tree were all drying up.
The gardener was sad and stopped watering them. When he did that, both the tree and the vegetables really learned what thirst was. There seemed to be no solution, but one of the vegetables, a small courgette (小胡瓜), understood what was going on, and decided to solve the problem. Despite the little water available and the hot sunshine, the little courgette did all he could to grow, grow, grow...
He grew so big that the gardener started watering them again. Then the vegetables and the tree realized that it was better to help each other than to fight. They worked together to make the garden beautiful again.
1. The writer may think that the courgette________________ .
A. was very clever and hardworking
B. was selfless but a little lazy
C. liked fighting with others
D. did nothing important
答案：A
解析：问作者态度属于判断推理题。

从第三段第三四句话我们可以判断the small courgette 是聪明且努力的。

2. The writer’s main purpose of writing this passage is to_______________.
A. let us remember the lovely courgette
B. ask us to plant trees and vegetables
C. prove that everything needs water very much
D. tell us it’s better to help each other than to fight
答案：D
解析：考查作者意图目的题，属于判断推理。

最后一段第二句话是文章的主旨句，文章借大树、小草和小胡瓜的故事告诉我们互相帮助的重要性。

所以应该选D。

三.细节理解类
【答题技巧】
审题（确定关键词，一般为数字、大写或人名地名）--定位--对照题干要求，排除或选择（选项中表示绝对意义的词，如all,always,only,往往是命题的陷阱）【例题解析】
A
When people meet each other for the first time in Britain, they say, “How do you
do?”and shake hands. Usually they do not shake hands after they haven't met for a long time or when they will be away from each other for a long time.
Last year a group of German students went to England for a holiday. Their teacher told them that the English people hardly shake hands, So when they met their English friends at the station, they kept their hands behind their backs. The English students had learned that Germans shake hands as often as possible. So they put their hands in front and got ready to shake hands with them. It made both of them laugh.
1. English people usually shake hands when they________.
A.meet every time
B. meet for the first time
C. say goodbye to each other
D. say hello to each other
2.Which of the following is right?
A. The Germans shake hands as often as possible.
B. The English people like shaking hands very much.
C. The Germans hardly shake hands.
D. Neither English people not Germans like shaking hands.
2. 猜测词意类
【答题技巧】
定位--根据上下文推理（逻辑上推理，运用语法知识推理，依据常识及经验）-将推理出的选项代入原文验证推理是否成立。

注意：如果遇到非常熟悉的词汇，要撇开其基本含义，注意其引申意义
常见设问方式：The word ...in the passage means____.
The underlined word ...means____
The underlined part in the second paragraph means____.
The underlined word”it/they/them”means_____.
【例题解析】
A
When Mattel created Barbie Dolls fifty years ago, they never thought this doll would become a legend. Now Barbie Dolls are famous around the world. They are sold in one hundred and fifty countries, and every second three Barbie Dolls are sold around the world.
What does the underlined word “legend” mean in the passage?
A．传播B．传奇C．传承D．传达
英语任务型阅读，考察的方面比较全面，包括阅读与表达两部分，综合了初一经常考察的句式变换，英汉互译等基础题型的加深，所以，要从基础知识出发，训练学生的知识运用能力，再加上较高的阅读能力，应对阅读表达就没有问题。

阅读表达基本功训练
1、同义词组的转换：指不同的词组表达同一个意思，用另一个意义相同的词组替换原句中的词组。

1)Did your parents have a good time in Hangzhou?
Did your parents _________ ___________ /__________ __________in Hangzhou?
2)Jane prefers English to maths. Jane _____ English ______ than maths.
3)The smiths flew to London for their holiday yesterday afternoon.
The smiths ______to London for their holiday _____ ____yesterday afternoon. 4)Yesterday Tom heard from his sister.
Yesterday Tom ________ ______ ______ ______ his sister.
5)The woman spent ￥200 on her handbag.
The woman ___ ￥200 __ her handbag. Her handbag ____ the woman ￥200.
6)Lily taught herself Japanese. Lily ___________ Japanese _____ _______.
7)Lin Feng is weak in English. Lin Feng ____ ______ ___ English.
2、反义词或词组的转换，相对于主语来说，动作发出的对象改变
1)They haven't written to their daughter for a long time.
The daughter ______ _______ from her parents for a long time.
2)The farmer borrowed a pan from the woman last week.
The woman ____ a pan ___ the farmer last week.
3)Remember to turn off the lights when you leave the room.
________ _______ to turn off the lights when you leave the room.
4)Lin Feng is weak in English.
Lin Feng ______ ____ ____ ____ English. (Lin Feng _____ ______ ___ English. )
3、比较等级的转换：形容词/副词的原级、比较级、最高级间的转换，通常用more than, less than, as…as, not so…as连接。

1) Japanese is not so popular as English. Japanese is ______ popular _______ English.
2) Jim runs faster than any other student in his class.
Jim runs ______ _______ all the students in his class.
______ runs ________ than Jim in his class. _____ runs ____ fast ___ Jim in his class.
3) He has more story-books than I. I haven't ________ many story-books _______ he.
4、用连接词把两句合并为一句的转换。

1)The old woman was very angry. She couldn't say a word.
The old woman was ______ angry _____ say a word.
2)Edison was very clever. He could invent a lot of things.
Edison was _____ _______ _____ invent a lot of things.
3) Jane prefers English to maths. So does Ann.
________ Jane ________ Ann ________ English to maths.
4)You can do this before class, and you can also do it after class.
You can do this ______ before class ____ after class.
5) This shirt doesn't look nice. That shirt doesn't look nice, either.
_______ this shirt ______ that shirt _______nice.
5、不同句子结构的转换，主要指简单句、并列句和复合句间的转换
1)We found him a good pupil. We found _______ ______ _______ a good pupil.
2)The room is so small that my family can't live in it.
The room isn't ______ ________ ____ my family ___ live in.
The room is ______ small ________ my family _______ live in.
3)His grandfather died ten years ago. It ____ ten years ___ his grandfather ______.
4)I'm not sure what I should do next. I'm not sure _____ ___ ____ next.
5)Hurry up, or you'll miss the train. ___ you ___ hurry up, you'll miss the train.
6、根据句意的转换
1)Yesterday every one of us went to the farm except Lucy.
________ Lucy _______ go to the farm with us yesterday.
2) Sam is friendly to his classmates and his classmates are friendly to him.
Sam _______ ______ well with his classmates.
3) Lily was born ten minutes earlier than I was. I am ten minutes _______ than Lily.
4) English is spoken by the largest number of people in the world.
English _____ the largest number of ________ in the world.
5)It's your turn to do it. It's _____ ____ you to do it.
6)The children can't wait to open their presents.
The children want to see the presents _____ _____ _____ ________.
7)The room is bright enough. There's _______ ______ in the room.
8)We can't finish the work if you don't help us.
We can't finish the work _____ _____ help.
9)It rained heavily last night. There ______ _____ _____ last night.
10)He has lived in the city since he was born. He has lived in the city _____ _____ ______.
11)The building is beautiful and there are many tall trees around it.
The building _____ many tall trees all _______ is beautiful.
7、其它
1) I spent two hours reading the book yesterday.
_____ ______ me two hours ______ _____ the book yesterday.
2) He bought the book two weeks ago. He _____ _____ the book ____ two weeks.
3) You're very kind to help me with my maths.
_____ ____ very kind _____ you _____ help me with my maths.
4) Our teacher left the lab after he had got everything ready.
Our teacher ______ _______ the lab _____ he had got everything ready.
5)Jim said to Lin Feng, "Don't fill the pan too full."
Jim ___ Lin Feng ____ ____ fill the pan too full.
思考题：
1)My grandfather died ten years ago.
My grandfather ______ ______ ______ ______ ten years ago.
2)Spring goes on from March to May. Spring _______ from March ________ May.
3)The Great Wall is known to people all over the world.
People all over the world ______ ______ ______ _______.
4) I think it is different from Chinese names. I don't think it is _____ _____ as Chinese names.
5) They planted millions of trees to save the farmland.
They planted millions of trees _____ _____ the farmland _____ ____ saved.
6) The man thinks the same as I. The man ______ ______ me.
课堂检测
A
School Memories
Tessa is now 18 years old. She remembers her time at school well. Some of it was good but some of it brings bad memories.
My First Day
I’ll never forget my first day at primary school. I remember there was a funny smell in the school and I felt really nervous. We were in assembly(集合) and the head teacher was introducing himself. A girl next to me started asking me questions about my shoes. I wanted to listen to the head teacher but I didn’t want to be rude to my new friend. So, I told her about my shoes. Suddenly the head teacher looked at me with an angry face.” Be quiet when I am speaking! Go and sit in the corner.” I remember feeling so stupid.
My First Teacher
I remember her name was Mrs. Simpson. She was really pretty and had a lovely smile. She had a soft voice and always wore the same sweater! She seemed so nice after that
annoying(烦人的) head teacher.
My Nickname(绰号)
Everyone in my class had nicknames. Some of the nicknames were funny and some were not nice. There was a really thin girl, we call her“spider legs”. I remember they used to call me “mushroom(蘑菇) head” because my hair stuck out(突出) on either side. But I really hated my nickname.
阅读以上短文，判断下列句子是否符合短文内容，符合的用A表示，不符合的用B表示。

41.My first day at primary school was wonderful because I made a new friend.
42.When the head teacher was introducing himself, I was talking with a girl.
43.My first teacher was nice and kind.
44.I liked my nickname very much.
45.All the nicknames were funny and everyone liked his or her nickname.
B
Travelling by train may not be the quickest way to reach some places, but for thousands of tourists it is still one of the most popular ways to get to places of sightseeing(观光) around Taiwan. People can take one of the two main railway to reach nearly all of the beautiful towns near the sea.
Before traveling in Taiwan by train, tourists should first think about how far the railway station is, and whether the train is comfortable for the trip. The fastest and most comfortable train is Ziqiang. Ziqiang can travel at a speed of 120km an hour, while the usual speed is around 94km an hour. All the cars in the train have air conditioners(空调)，and the large windows make it easy for passengers to enjoy the some beautiful views as the train runs past. A slower and less comfortable train is Juguang. It can reach 100 km an hour. But the train usually runs at 70km an hour. The slowest and least comfortable train is Fuxing. The tickets are cheaper, because the train stops at all the stops.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案：
46. Traveling by train is popular in Taiwan because .
A. it is the quickest way to reach places
B. tourists can reach most towns near the sea
C. tourists can spend less money
D. it is the most comfortable way of travelling
47. How many classes of trains are there in Taiwan?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four
48. The underlined word“car”means in Chinese.
A. 小汽车
B. 火车
C. 火车头
D. 车厢
49. Which train would you like to take if you want to feel the most comfortable?
A. Ziqiang
B. Juguang
C. Fuxing
D. All of the three
50. According to the passage, the least comfortable train .
A. can run at 120 km an hour
B. runs at least 79 km an hour
C. Stops at all the train stops
D. doesn’t mean the cheapest
C
What is a museum? A museum is a good place to keep old and beautiful things. A museum may be a place to learn about science, art, people and animals.
What is inside a museum? Some museum have pictures and status(雕塑). Other have rocks and old bones(骨头)。

One museum even has a real old street inside. It has shops and people’s status doing business. It looks so real that one might feel that he is back to the old time.
Many cities have museums. Some very small towns have museums, too. Indianapolis has a children’s museum. Children do not have to pay to get in. Children often go to the museum. They like to look at the dinosaur(恐龙) bones. And they can see a white bear that is ten feet tall. On Saturdays, children in Indianapolis can hear talks about animals and trees. They see movies and even learn to make things there.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案：
51.What is the passage about?
A. Old things
B. New things
C. Museum
D. People
52. According to the passage, if you visit a museum with old things, you may feel that
.
A . the things are the most beautiful B. you are back to the old time
C. the things are the most popular
D. you are happy with yourself
53. What do you think of a museum according to the passage?
A. Boring
B. Expensive
C. Difficult
D. Helpful
54. Who can visit the children’s museum in Indianapolis without paying ?
A. Old people
B. Women
C. Men
D. Children
55. The third paragraph talks about .
A. the children’s museum in Indianapolis
B. who can visit the children’s museum
C. what children can do in the museum
D. when they can visit the museum
课后作业
A
Dear Mr. and Mrs. Green,
Welcome to our neighborhood. I am very glad that you and your family have become our neighbors. However, I am sorry to say that you have brought some trouble to us. Mr. Green, would you please not play the drums late at night? We can’t fall asleep until you stop it. Mrs. Green. you are so energetic(精力充沛的), you are always like an early bird. So would you please not sing so loudly in the early morning? And your son Jim is playing balls at home all day .Would you please ask him not to play here? There is a big playground in front of your house. What’s more, your daughter Kate plays music too loudly .She makes so much noise. My little baby starts to cry as soon as she plays the crazy music .Thank you for your understanding （理解）。

Yours,
Maria
( ) 51.Mr.Green often plays the drums late at night.
( )52 Every morning Mrs. Green gets up early to read stories for her children.
( ) 53.There is a big playground behind the Greens’ home where they can play balls.
( ) Kate likes playing music so loudly that it makes Maria’s little baby cry.
( A) The Greens’ behaviors (行为) make Maria’s family members get angry.
B
Do you have to leave your dog at home when you leave for work during the day? This is no longer necessary.
As dog walkers, we come during the day to feed your dog and give it some exercise. This also helps you to relax while you are at work.
During each visit, your dog gets to go outside for a walk. We give it clean food and water, playing and any other necessary care. We do not walk your dog with others in a park .It gets special care.
Dogs walking is available (可获得的) from Monday to Friday and is available on the fourth of July, Labor Day ,Christmas Day or New year’s Day.
56. This passage is a(n) ______.
A. report
B. advertisement
C. survey
D .instrument
57.According to the passage ,dog walkers do NOT give dogs ______.
A. clean food
B. clean water
C. playtime
D. medicine
58.Dog walkers can come to walk your dog on _______.
A. Children’s Day
B. New year’s Day
C. Christmas Day
D.
Thanksgiving Day
59.If you have a dog and want it to have a 30-minute walk three times a week ,how much do you have to pay the dog walker?
A.$20
B.$25
C.$40
D.$60
60.According to the passage, we know that the writer is probably a ________.
A. babysitter B .dog owner C. dog walker D. pet lover 阅读表达
A
On the third Sunday of June every year, we admire the person in your life who taught you how to ride your bike or read a book and who offers help to the whole family. Yes, I mean dad, daddy, father. Father’s Day is the time to show him thanks for everything he does for you.
“Oh! Write me a song of my father. And tell me the reason. You ever write songs about mother. Not a word of dear father you say?” These words from C. Henry’s song, Oh! Write Me a Song of My Father, have been written by Sonora Dodd, a young girl who, along with her five younger brothers, was raised by her father.
On a Mother’ Day, Sonora spoke to the government and suggested her own father’s birthday, of June 5, as the day to thank fathers. The government chose the third Sunday in June instead and the very first Father’s Day was celebrated on June 19, 1910 in Spokane , Washington.
It took some time before Father’s Day became the national holiday we know today. At the time, people disagree with the idea of this holiday because they didn’t like the idea that men would get flowers and other gifts. Finally, President Lyndon B. Johnson made the decision that the third Sunday of June would be Father Day.
根据短文内容，用恰当的单词填空。

（每空一词，每小题1分，共5分）Father’s Day is the time to thanks to father for everything he does for you . Sonora Dodd wrote a song Oh! Write Me a Song of My Father .She spoke to the government and suggested her own father’s birthday, of June 5, as Father’s Day. The government chose the third Sunday in June Jane
5. It didn’t become the national holiday until Present Lyndon B. Johnson that the third Sunday of June would be Father’s Day.
B
Your school has planned a visit to Lions Nature Education Centre. Here is what you should know about the center. Please read it.
Lions Nature Education Centre
Lions Nature Education Centre opened in 1991 on what was once a government farm in Sai Kung. Both the government and the Lions Club own it now.
1.
The aim of the center is to show visitors everything to do with rural (乡下的) Hong Kong. We also hope to educate people about the environment. For this reason, it’s really a popular place for school trips and outings.
2.
The center has a large number of indoor and outdoor facilities and exhibitions (展品). The outdoor facilities include a garden, vegetable fields and a place where trees are grown for study. Indoor exhibition halls provide different kinds of plants, fishes and other things from land or sea. The Farmers’ Market is open at weekends.
3.
•Wear proper clothes, shoes and hats.
•Bring some water and food, but take your rubbish away with you.
•Do not break any natural appearance or plants, and do not make the water dirty.•Care for other visit ors and wildlife (野生动植物), and do keep quiet wherever you go.
4
We are open daily from 9:30 am to 5:00 pm. Exhibition halls are open from 9:30 am to 4:30 pm. The centre is closed every Tuesday.
Address: Hiram’s Highway, Sai Kung
Phone: 2792 2234
请按要求完成下列任务。

96.任务一请把下列标题与相应的段落匹配，并将字母代号填写在相应的横线上。

（共2分）
A Opening hours
B Rules for visitors
C Facilities (设施)
D Aims
1. 2 3 4
97.任务二Why does the government build Lions Nature Education Centre?
列举2条，（共2分）
97.(A) to visitor everything to do with rural
(B) to educate people about
任务三请找出下面这句话的同义句。

（1分）
There is a garden and vegetable fields in the centre, and people can also study trees there.
98.。