江苏近年届高考英语一轮复习第一部分基础考点聚焦Unit3Theworldofcoloursandl

（江苏版）2019届高考英语一轮复习第一部分基础考点聚焦Unit 3 The world of colours and light知能演练轻松闯关牛津译林版选修8
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Unit 3 The world of colours and light
A卷
错误!单项填空
1．During the disaster, the most important thing the local government did was to supply ________for the homeless masses。

A．occupation B.furniture
C．equipment D．accommodation
D解析：accommodation表示“住处”，符合语境。

occupation意为“占用, 工作，职业”; furniture表示“家具”；“equipment”表示“设备，器材"，均不符合题意。

2。

—What do you think of the conditions here?
—Oh, wonderful！ ________ a better hotel.
A．Seldom we can find
B．Rarely do we find
C．Hardly can we find
D．Never will we find
C解析：考查倒装。

表示否定的副词位于句首需要用部分倒装， can/could 的否定形式与比较级连用，表示肯定之意，所以选择C项。

3．Traditionally，Chinese people ________ the Chinese characters “Double Happiness” and stick them onto walls or doors for weddings.
A．cut out B．cut off
C．cut up D．cut down
A解析:考查词组辨析。

A．删掉；裁剪；剪下；取代 B．切掉；切断; 中断 C．切碎D.砍倒；减少。

句意：传统上，中国人会在婚礼前剪下红双喜字并将它们贴在墙上或门上。

故选A。

4．Everyone who reached the top of Mount Tai was ________with a magnificent view。

A．awarded B．admired
C．rewarded D．appreciated
C解析：考查动词辨析。

句意：到达泰山顶部的每个人都能看到壮丽的景观。

reward“奖
赏；奖励"，多指对某人的工作或服务等的报答，符合语境。

award“因……而授予某人……”, 通常指正式地或官方地颁发、授予；admire“钦佩；赞美"；appreciate“感激；欣赏”.
5．Supermarkets now offer a great________of goods to satisfy different needs and________．
A．variety； tastes B.type; hopes
C．number; smells D．kind； markets
A解析：考查词义辨析。

a great variety of “一系列的; 多种类的”； different needs and tastes“不同的需求和口味”。

6．Mary rushed home________she heard the news， only________ that her husband was gone。

A．as soon as; finding
B．immediately； to find
C．the moment； find
D．when； found
B解析：考查状语从句和非谓语动词; 第一个空A、B、C项都能选；而第二个空only to find表示“出乎意料之外的结果”。

7．The scientists are able to________accurately when the spaceship will reach the moon。

A．accumulate B．calculate
C．appoint D．estimate
B解析：考查动词辨析. 句意：科学家们能够准确地推算出宇宙飞船抵达月球的时间。

calculate“推算，计算", 符合句意。

accumulate“积累，积聚”；appoint“约会，确定”；estimate“估计”。

8．More than one hundred and fifty teachers are working hard in our school, ________ ages________ twenty。

three ________ forty­five.
A．which； range to； between
B．whose； range from; to
C．that; range for; and
D．it； range with; to
B解析：第一个空whose修饰ages并且引导非限制性定语从句；第二、三空考查range from。

.to。

..结构的用法。

9．It's reported that by the end of this year the output of cars of the factory________by about 20％。

A．will have risen
B．will be raised
C．will rise
D．will have been risen
A解析：考查时态和语态。

时间为by the end of this year，故选用将来完成时态; 主语为the output of cars of the factory，动词rise为不及物动词，没有被动语态，故选A。

10．His parents thought only in this way ________ become successful， studying abroad.
A．could Tom B．Tom could
C．is Tom able to D．Tom is able to
A解析:考查倒装用法。

句意：汤姆的父母原认为只有用这种方式——到国外学习, 汤姆才能成功. 当“only＋状语"置于句首时，后面句子的主谓要使用部分倒装, 故选择A项。

11．The theme of the painting is too________ for the audience to understand.
A．realistic B．abstract
C．truly D．clearly
B解析：abstract“抽象的，深奥的”。

根据句子结构和意思选B。

句意：绘画的主题太抽象，观众看不懂。

12．Nowadays with the increasing popularity of cars， people are taking ________ exercise a day as they did in the past。

A．half as much B．as half as
C．less than half much D。

as half
A解析：句意：现在随着汽车的不断普及, 人们每天的锻炼量只有原先的一半。

根据倍数的表达法，表倍数的词要放在as前, 故选A项。

13．（2018·溧阳中学模拟) So absorbed in his work ________ that not a sound ________．A．was the president； did she dare to make
B．was the president; dared she to make
C．the president was; she dared make
D．the president was； she did dare to make
A解析：so...that。

.结构中, so。

..位于句首时，句子须用部分倒装；具有否定意义的副词位于句首时，句子须用部分倒装.
14．（2018·盐城中学高三综合测试） ________to supporting the growing number of students seeking odd jobs， we will provide them with the information they need。

A．Committing
B．Committed
C．Being committed
D．Having committed
B解析：be committed to doing...“承诺做某事, 致力于做某事”；形容词短语作状语，说明主语we所处的状态.
15．If you don’t________ your smoking， I will________ your supply.
A．cut up； cut down
B．cut down； cut off
C．cut in; cut off
D．cut in； cut up
B解析：句意：如果你不减少抽烟，我就切断你的供应量了。

cut down“削减"， cut off“切断”.
错误!阅读理解
A
While beach vacations may be a great way to take your mind off work，lakes surrounded by mountains make for an even grander experience.If you are looking for peace on your vacation，we have some recommendations for you in the Caucasus(高加索）．Lake Sevan
Lake Sevan is situated in the central part of Armenia，in the Gegharkunik
Province.It is the largest lake in Armenia，located 6，234ft above sea level。

Along the lake shore，there are various accommodations such as resorts and hotels with plenty of activities to partake such as windsurfing,swimming and sunbathing.While there，do not forget to visit one of the famous cultural monuments,the Sevanavank monastery，and it offers a great view of the lake as well.
Paravani Lake
Paravani Lake,located 6，801ft above sea level,is in the south of Georgia，near the Javakheti Plateau。

At this level,altitude sickness can occur and it is a good idea to be prepared to adapt to it properly,or bring medication for altitude sickness。

Being a volcanic lake makes for a more interesting experience.The lake is best known for fishing.Do not come home during the winter months when the lake freezes.
Lake Cildir
Lake Cildir is located in the Ardahan Province，east Turkey,near the borders with Georgia and Armenia。

It is a large freshwater lake of eastern Turkey，and many tourists are not aware of this beautiful attraction。

Lake Cildir is surrounded by mountains of the Caucasus.The lake freezes during late November。

If the winter is not extremely cold，you can try some lake activities like ice skating and ice fishing.
Lake Van
Lake Van is the must visit of all lakes in this list,the largest lake in Turkey。

Lake Van is located on the eastern shore of Turkey and is also the most accessible lake there。

It’s situated 5，380ft above sea level，and unique to many lakes around the world，the water is high in salt content。

【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文。

文章主要介绍了供人们度假的好去处——高加索地区的一些湖泊。

1．If you want to visit some historic sites during your travel by a lake，you can go to________．
A．Lake Cildir
B．Paravani Lake
C．Lake Sevan
D．Lake Van
C解析：细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“do not forget to visit one of the famous cultural monuments，the Sevanavank monastery”可知，度假期间如果你想参观历史性建筑可以到Lake Sevan.故选C。

2．What is special about Lake Van?
A．Its water is high in salt。

B．It is a volcanic lake。

C．It is globally the largest lake.
D．It is surrounded by mountains。

A解析：细节理解题。

根据第五段中的“and unique to many lakes around the world，the water is high in salt content"可知，Lake Van的特色是湖水的盐度高。

故选A.
3．What challenge are travelers most likely to face while visiting Paravani Lake?
A．Lack of medicine.
B．Volcano eruptions。

C．Altitude sickness.
D．Low temperature all the year.
C解析：细节理解题。

根据第三段中的“At this le vel，altitude sickness can occur and it is a good idea to be prepared to adapt to it properly,or bring medication for altitude sickness.”可知，在游览Paravani Lake时，游客们最有可能面临的挑战就是高原反应。

故选C。

B
I’ve been really lucky this year. Not only did I have the opportunity to live in France, but I was able to see some other countries with my girlfriend。

Now she is studying in Essen， a large city in Western Germany。

I recently went to stay with her—it was my first visit to Germany! Essen is a very large city. It has all the conveniences of any large city so I felt immediately at home. I loved the variety of shops, restaurants， shopping malls, cocktail bars, nightclubs, parks and even a lake。

There is also a city.wide network of trams， which makes getting around a piece of cake！
I found the people to be really friendly， and most Germans speak very good English which made life easy for me.I was surprised by the casual attitude to alcohol in Germany，where it seems normal for people to drink beer on the street， or on the tram。

My girlfriend and I visited two famous local cities，Düsseldorf and Cologne， which are both on the Rhine River。

Düsseldorf is an urban metropolis with a great variety of restaurants。

We took a boat tour on the river and went up the Rhine Tower, a really tall building which offers great views across the city. Cologne, as you might know，is world­famous for its perfumes. The cathedral there is an unmissable landmark. We made the effort to climb to the top of one of the cathedral’s towers。

The spiral （螺旋的) stairs seemed endless，but it was worthwhile for the impressive sights from the top。

We also went in a cable car over the river and tasted a German delicacy called “Spaghettieis” which is ice cream with strawberry sauce！ I also got to try the famous German sausage. I must admit, I really enjoyed the food! The only disappointment was the grey and rainy weather, which proves that Britain does not have the worst weather in Europe！
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者第一次去德国旅游的经历以及对这个国家的印象。

4．Why did the writer feel lucky this year?
A．He will have a chance to live in Germany。

B．He met his girlfriend in France by chance。

C．He got an opportunity of learning in Germany.
D．He was able to live in France and visit other countries.
D解析:细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“Not only did I have the opportunity to live in France，but I was able to see some other countries with my girlfriend。

”可知，作者认为自己今年幸运是因为他不但有机会在法国生活,而且也能和女朋友一起参观几个其他的国家。

故选D项。

5．What do Düsseldorf and Cologne have in common？
A．They are both famous for unique perfumes.
B．They both serve traditional German sausage.
C．They both have many towers with a long history.
D．They both offer wonderful views from the tower top。

D解析：推理判断题。

根据第二段中的“Düsseldorf。

went up the Rhine Tower， a really tall building which offers great views across the city。

”以及“We made the effort to climb to the top of one of the cathedral's towers.。

but it was worthwhile for the impressive sights from the top。

”可知，两座城市都能让人从塔顶欣赏到美景。

故选D项.
6．According to the writer， which country has the worst weather in Europe?
A．Britain。

B．Germany.
C．France. D．Italy。

B解析:推理判断题。

根据最后一段中的“The only disappointment was the grey and rainy weather, which proves that Britain does not have the worst weather in Europe！”可知，作者对德国阴沉、多雨的天气感到失望，并表示这证明了英国不是欧洲天气最糟的国家。

由此可推知作者认为在欧洲天气最差的国家为德国。

故选B项。

7．What can be the best title of the passage？
A．An Unforgettable Trip
B．A Guide to Germany
C．My First Visit to Germany
D．A Brief Introduction of Germany
C解析:标题归纳题。

通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了作者第一次去德国旅游的经历以及对这个国家的印象，故C项最能概括文章的大意。

B卷
错误!完形填空
The other evening we had a knock at the door。

It was a new __1__ who introduced himself and his boys to us。

He also __2__ us to a block party as a way to know the people in the neighborhood as well as celebrating the first anniversary of his two __3__ sons coming to live with him。

We've lived here for almost six years and __4__ has ever come to introduce themselves。

I suppose we should have __5__ it on to introduce ourselves to people
moving in， but we haven’t。

In my opinion, it took the initiative(首创) of a young __6__ and his adopted sons to show me how I could __7__ better attention to my own community. We have many __8__ friends but I have to admit that I haven’t usually been the one to develop the __9__ in my own neighborhood。

This experience __10__ me of one of my favorite quotes，“When I was a young man，I wanted to change the world. I found it was __11__ to change the world， so I tried to change my nation。

When I found I couldn’t change the nation， I began to __12__ my town. I couldn’t change the town and as a(n） __13__ man， I tried to change my __14__. Now, as an old man， I __15__ the only thing I can change is myself， and __16__ I realize that if long ago I had changed myself， I could have made an impact(影响）on my family and __17__ on my town. The impact could have changed the nation and I could __18__ have changed the world.”
For those of us who want to make a（n) __19__ in the world， it’s important to remember “Think globally, but __20__ locally.” For me, I’m going to make it a point to meet more of my neighbors—starting now。

【解题导语】新搬来的邻居主动上门作自我介绍，并邀请作者参加社区聚会，这让作者有了很多感慨。

要想改变世界，首先要改变自己。

作者决定从身边做起，多见一些邻居，关注自己的社区。

1．A。

stranger B．classmate
C．beggar D．neighbor
D解析：根据下文的“as a way to know the people in the neighborhood”及第二段中的“I suppose...to introduce ourselves to people moving i n"可知，敲门的是一个新邻居。

故选D。

2．A。

invited B．commanded
C．persuaded D．encouraged
A解析：此处指邀请“我们"参加一个街区聚会.invite“邀请"；command“命令”；persuade“说服”；encourage“鼓励”。

故选A.
3．A.adopted B．accepted
C．adapted D．annoyed
A解析：根据下文的“his adopted sons"可知，他要庆祝和他收养的儿子一起生活一周年.故选A.
4．A.anyone B．someone
C．everyone D．no one
D解析：根据下文的“I suppose we should have。

.。

the initiative(首创） of a young ______ and his adopted sons”可知,“我们”已经住在这里将近六年了，从没有人过来介绍他们自己。

故选D。

5．A。

put B．made
C．taken D．turned
C解析: 此处指“我们"本应承担向搬进来的人作自我介绍的责任。

故选C。

take o n“承担(责任)”。

6．A.student B．man
C．woman D．mother
B解析: 根据上文可知，新搬来的是一位男士和他收养的孩子们.故选B。

7．A.draw B．lose
C．pay D．offer
C解析: 此处指更好地关注“我"自己的社区。

故选C.pay attention to“注意”。

8．A。

foreign B．local
C．old D．rich
B解析：“我们”有许多当地的（local)朋友，但“我”不得不承认，“我”通常不会在“我”自己的街区发展友谊。

故选B。

9．A.trouble B．friendship
C．concern D．business
B解析：参见上题解析。

故选B。

10．A。

reminded B．told
C．warned D．convinced
A解析： remind sb。

of sth.“使某人想起某事”；tell sb. sth。

“告诉某人某事"；warn sb。

of sth。

“警告某人某事”；convince sb。

of sth.“使某人相信某事”。

根据搭配首先排除B;这个经历使“我”想起了“我"最喜欢的引言之一。

故选A。

11．A。

difficult B．easy
C．interesting D．right
A解析：根据下文的“so I tried to change my nation”可知，此处表示“我发现改变世界是很难的”。

故选A。

12．A。

make out B．concentrate on
C．get into D．refer to
B解析：“当我发现不能改变国家时,我就开始致力于改变我所在的城镇”。

make out“辨认出,理解”；concentra te on“集中精力于”；get into“开始参与”; refer to“参考，提及”.故选B。

13．A.smarter B．younger
C．older D．taller
C解析：上文讲述自己年轻时的想法，下文说自己作为一个老人的想法,以时间为序陈述。

故选C。

14．A。

state B．family
C．town D．mind
B解析：根据下文可知，“我意识到如果以前改变自己，就可以改变家庭、城镇、国家乃至世界”。

故选B。

15．A。

explain B．forget
C．realize D．regret
C解析: “如今,作为一名老人,我意识到唯一能改变的是自己".故选C。

16．A.happily B．suddenly
C．actually D．luckily
B解析：此处指突然间意识到。

故选B。

17．A.merely B．still
C．only D．even
D解析: 此处表示递进关系.merely“仅仅”;still“仍然”；only“仅仅”； even“甚至"。

故选D。

18．A。

indeed B．hardly
C．never D．seldom
A解析：此处表示“我确实本来可以改变世界"，为肯定意义，排除B、C和D；indeed“确实,甚至”；hardly“几乎不”；never“从不”；seldom“很少，不常”。

故选A。

19．A.decision B．difference
C．apology D．mistake
B解析：此处指“那些想要对世界产生影响的人"。

make a decision“做决定”；make a difference“有影响，起作用”;make an apology“道歉”;make a mistake“出错"。

故选B.
20．A。

behave B．act
C．move D．operate
B解析：该句表示“放眼全球，立足地方”，指可进行全球化思考，但要在当地采取行动。

behave“举止，表现”;act“行动”；move“移动"；operate“操作”。

故选B。

错误!阅读理解
A
The researchers’ findings will hardly come as a surprise to those who study air pollution。

Previous research has shown that outdoor air pollution causes more than 3 million deaths annually and suggested that the figure could double by 2050。

Another study suggested that air pollution causes 1。

6 million premature（早产儿） deaths annually in China alone.Policy makers across the globe have responded to air pollution with a number of new regulations， many of which focus on limiting pollution from coal.China stopped approval of new coal mines for three years at the end of 2015 and has issued strict requirements along the lines of those in the U．S.for new coal.fired power plants.Cities in China have also developed warning systems to get cars off the streets and limit industrial pollution during periods of intense smog.But even these policies may still be met by increases in mortality（死亡率） as aging populations are increasingly suffering from the problems associated with pollution。

“China might move in the right direction in terms of air pollution， but it’s going to have to continue revising policies just like the U．S.and Europe，” said Dan Greenbaum, president of Health Effects Institute， which supported the research.
And, while premature deaths due to pollution in the U．S.and Europe have declined in recent decades， cities in the West have still taken steps to reduce pollution。

Air pollution kills more than 200，000 in Europe and nearly 80,000 in the U．S。

each year， according to the research.The benefits of addressing air pollution extend beyond the people who experience the health effects of poor air directly.
“One of the unique things about air pollution is that you can’t run， you can’t hide from it, ” said study researcher Michael Brauer， a professor at the University of British Columbia， in a video accompanying the presentation。

“But we know that if you improve air quality， everybody benefits from it。

”
【解题导语】本文是一篇新闻报道.户外的空气污染导致人口死亡率不断增长，很多国家已经采取相应措施来减少空气污染.
1．What has changed under the new policies in China？
A．No more new coal mines are allowed until 2018.
B．Cars can't be driven in big cities。

C．Less aging populations are dying from air pollution。

D．Factories polluting air are forbidden to work。

A解析：细节理解题。

根据第二段的China stopped approval of new coal mines for three years at the end of 2015 and has issued strict requirements along the lines of those in the U．S.for new coal。

fired power plants。

(2015年底，中国政府停止三年内对新煤矿开采的审批，并像美国一样对新燃煤电厂提出了严格的要求。

)可知，直到2018年中国才允许开采新煤矿.故A项符合题意。

2．What should China do according to Dan Greenbaum?
A．Change the ways of dealing with air pollution。

B．Seek for help from the U．S.and Europe.
C．Release more strict policies.
D．Adjust the policies constantly。

D解析:细节理解题。

根据第三段的“China might move in the right direction in terms of air pollution， but it's going to have to continue revising policies just like the U．S.and Europe， " said Dan Greenbaum。

.(“中国在空气污染方面可能在朝着
正确的方向前进，但是中国还得继续修订政策，就像美国和欧洲一样，” Dan Greenbaum 说……）可知，中国还得持续调整相关政策。

故D项符合题意。

3．What can be inferred about the U．S。

and Europe from the last but one paragraph？
A．They have settled their environmental problems。

B．They have cut their premature deaths to the lowest。

C．Measures are still being taken to deal with pollution.
D．Population killed by air pollution have increased.
C解析:推理判断题。

根据倒数第二段内容可知，虽然在美国和欧洲污染所致的早产儿死亡率在不断地下降, 但是西方的很多城市还会采取措施来减少污染, 因为采取措施治理空气污染所带来的好处也会直接影响到那些因空气质量差而健康遭受影响的人们。

故C项符合题意.
B
I used to believe courtesy was a thing of the past。

Very seldom have I encountered
a courteous human being in this modern era.
Recently， I had to change my thinking， when I came face to face with just such a human being in a coffee place， with my two daughters.The place was crowded as usual and we had to climb steep(陡的) stairs in order to find an empty table。

After enjoying coffee and snacks， we went down the narrow stairs， where there was hardly any space for another person to either climb up or come down。

Just as I was in the middle of the stairs, a man entered the main entrance of the restaurant which was right in front of the staircase（楼梯). I was sure I would be pushed roughly by this man going up。

I kept coming down as fast as I could. My daughters were already down, looking up at me worriedly, hoping I would reach them before the stranger started walking up the stairs， knowing I was a nervous sort。

Nearly reaching them， I noticed the man still standing near the door. I reached my daughters and passed the stranger at the entrance door which he kept holding open.
I looked back， thinking he was still at the door, deciding whether to go in or find another less crowded place。

I saw him going up the stairs， two at a time。

I told my daughters about it and all three of us felt bad that we did not even thank the
courteous gentleman who was actually holding the door open for us ladies to pass through before going up。

Such well mannered people are hard to find these days when pushing is very common in our advanced but aggressive society。

We applauded for his chivalry(彬彬有礼)．【解题导语】在这个忙碌的现代社会，彬彬有礼、体贴他人的品质变得尤为珍贵。

作者讲述了自己经历的一件事情,并赞扬了这种良好的品质。

4．What is the meaning of the unde rlined word “courtesy” in Paragraph 1？
A．A brave action。

B．Sacrifice spirit。

C．A considerate action. D．Selfish behavior。

C解析：词义猜测题.根据下文故事中的男人为作者让路并且开门可推测出，这是一种体贴的行为，故选C项.A项意为“勇敢的行为"；B项意为“牺牲精神”;D项意为“自私的行为”。

5．What did the author think of the man at the first sight of him?
A．He was in a hurry.
B．He would wait for her.
C．He would pass her rudely。

D．He was a man with good manners.
C解析:细节理解题。

根据第三段中的“I was sure I would be pushed roughly by this man going up."可知，作者本认为这个男人会粗鲁地挤开她上楼梯，故选C项。

6．Why did the author’s daughters worry about her?
A．She was easy to be nervous.
B．She took up too much space。

C．She was too old to walk fast.
D．She focused too much on the man.
A解析：细节理解题.根据第三段中的“knowing I was a nervous sort”可知，作者是一个很容易紧张的人，故选A项。

7．What can we learn about the man from Paragraph 4?
A．He might be a waiter of the café.
B．He might have an urgent business to do。

C．He loved a daughter of the author。

D．He would hold the door open for all。

B解析:推理判断题。

根据第四段中的“I saw him going up the stairs, two at a time.”以及下文谈到她们都来不及对这个男人说一声谢谢可推知，那个男人上楼梯，一次上两级台阶，应该是有急事要做，故选B项。