现在分词作状语

• ⑴当分词的动作是由主语发出，而
且和谓语动词同时发生，则用分词 的一般形式． • He was ill and didn’t attend the meeting.
• =Being ill, he didn’t attend the meeting.
• ⑵如果分词表示的是一个极短暂的
动作,这动作一发生,谓语表示的动 作立即发生,也用分词的一般形式. • Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.
2. ________the piano, someone suddenly knocked at the door.
A. Playing
B. When I was playing
C. Repairing
D. Examining
3. Mother caught the boy ______ in the
可以表示时间原因结果条件行可以表示时间原因结果条件行为方式或伴随动作等
现在分词作状语
-ing分词作状语可以表 示时间、原因、结果、 条件、让步、方式或伴 随情况等。
While Reading the book, he nodded from time to time. 他一边看书，一边不时地点头。 After having dinner, she went out for a walk. 吃完晚饭，她出去散步。
3). Walking in the street, I saw a tailor’s shop. 时间
When I was walking in the street.
4). His father died, leaving the family even worse off. 结果
and this left the family even worse off
rang, ______ our heated discussion. A. indicating; interrupting
B. indicated; interrupting
C. indicating; interrupted
D. indicated; interrupted
8. _______ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer
C. Not having completed
D. Having not completed
5. “We can’t go out in this weather”, said Bob, ____ out of the window. A. looking B. to look C. looked D. having looked
• • • • •
现在分词作状语有四种形式 1.一般形式，由动词原形＋ing构成． 2.完成形式，由having+过去分词． 3.进行被动式：由being＋过去分词 4.完成被动式：由having 的否定式是在一般式和完成式的 前面加not (never)
1.现在分词何时用一般形 式?
。
Because Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him.
If working hard, you’ll succeed. Though getting up early, he didn’t catch the bus.
–ing分词短语作结果状语。如：
5) Four people entered the room looking
around in a curious way. 伴随状语 = Four people entered the room and looked around in a curious way. 6) He came running back to tell me the news. 方式
Because he was poor
2). Being poor, he couldn’t afford a
TV set. (原因)
As we don’t know her address
Not knowing her address, we
can’t get in touch with her.
Choose the best answer.
1. The stranger said something in a
_______ voice and the little girl was very much _______. A. frightening, frightened B. frightened, frightening C. frightening, frightening D. frightened, frightened
6. Though _____ money, his parents managed to send him to university. A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in
7. The bell _______ the end of the period
可以表示时间, 原因, 结果, 条件, 行 为方式或伴随动作等。 1).Using your head, you’ll find a good way. 条件状语
If you use your head
Working hard, you’ll surely
succeed.
If you work hard
His father died, leaving him a lot of money.
他父亲死了，留给他许多钱。
She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces.
她非常生气，把玩具扔在地上，把它摔成 了碎片。
T
单句改错
1. Having not seen the film, I can’t tell you what I think of it. Not having 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. working 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. Seeing 4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too. speaking
2. 作状语的V-ing形式和句子之间通常有一 个逗号隔开，不能用并列连词。 Studying hard, and you will pass the entrance examination to college. F Studying hard, you will pass the entrance examination to college. T Study hard, and you will pass the entrance examination to college.
corner.
A. smoke
B. to smoke
C. being smoked D. smoking
4. ______ the programme, they have to stay there for another 2 weeks.
A. Not completing
B. Not completed
5. “Can’t you read?” the man said, angrily pointed to the notice on the wall. pointing
6. Knocking at the door before entering, please. Knock 7. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world. making
2.现在分词何时用完成形 式？
• 当分词的动作是由主语发出， 而且发生在谓语动作之前，则 用分词的完成形式． • Having finished the class, she went home. • =After she finished the class…
3.现在分词何时用进行被动式？
• 当分词的动作由主语承受，而 且分词的动作与谓语动词同时 发生时． • Being criticized by the employer, the new employee hung his head.
D. Suffered
9. He looked around and caught a man ______ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be putting C. to put
D. putting
Judging from his accent, he seemed to be from Hunan province. • =If we judge…
•
• Considering his age, he was helped by the young fellow.
注意：
1. 现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必修与 主句中主语一致。它们之间是主动关系。 被动则用V-ed. 但是短语 generally speaking; judging from/by; compared with; supposing; to tell you the truth,considering等是固 定搭配。不受主语影响。 Judging from his face, he was very angry.
• 现在分词的独立结构为名词或代 词＋分词，名词或代词是分词的 逻辑主语 • Time permitting, I’ll call on you this Sunday. • He entering the office, a letter was found on the ground.
• 分词作状语时,在少数情况下,其逻 辑主语与句子的主语不一致,分词用 来修饰全句
使用- ing形式需注意的2个问题.
1、分词 (短语) 作状语时, 前后两个动作的主 语是同一个人。
2 、分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词或介
词。（when ;while; if ; though; unless 等） 3、分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上 not, never等否定词构成。
• 注意2：如果分词和句子没有 逻辑上的主谓关系，则不能 用单个的分词作状语，可以 用分词的独立主格结构或状 语从句．
-ing分词作伴随状语，可以放在句子的前面、 后面或中间，表示主语的另一个、较次要 的动作。如：
They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky. 他们在那儿站了半小时，观察着天上的星星。 Following the old man, the young people started walking slowly. 年轻人跟在老人的后面开始慢慢地走起来。
4.现在分词何时用完成的被动式？
当分词表示的动作在谓语所表示 的动作之前发生，且分词表示的 动作由主语承受． Having been praised for his job, Tom worked harder.
• 3、用V+ing一般式 还是Having+done完成 式，要看前后两个动作有没明显的先后顺 序，在可能引起误解的场合应该用完成式 现在分词表示先发生的动作。