关于移动支付过去现状以后的文献综述外文翻译

毕业论文（设计）外文翻译
一、外文原文
题目：Past，present and future of mobile payments research: A literature review 原文：The mobile payment services markets are currently under transition with a history of numerous tried and failed solutions, and a futu of promising but yet uncertain possibilities with potential new technology innovations. At this point of the development, we take a look at the current state of the mobile payment services market from a literature review perspective. We review prior literature on mob payments, analyze the various factors that impact mobile payment services markets, and suggest directions for future research in the still emerging field. To facilitate the analysis of literature, we propose a framework of four contingency and five competitive force factor and organize the mobile payment research under the proposed framework. Consumer perspective of mobile payments as well as technic security and trust are best covered by contemporary research. The impacts of social and cultural factors on mobile payments, as well comparisons between mobile and traditional payment services are entirely uninvestigated issues. Most of the factors outlined by framework have been addressed by exploratory and early phase studies.
Mobile phones have transformed telephony profoundly. They are equipped with functionalities which surpass telephony needs, and which inspire the development of value-added mobile services, the use of mobile phones as access devices, and mobile commerce in general. The number of mobile phones in use far exceeds any other technical devices that could be used to market, sell, produce, or deliver products and services to consumers. These developments open lucrative opportunities to merchants and service providers.
Purchased products and services have to be paid for. Initially, fixed-line telephony billing systems were modified to charge mobile telephony. Later, mobile telephony billing systems were introduced, and used also to charge various mobile services when such services emerged. Yet, payments based on billing systems have several limitations. These include comparatively high payment transaction fees, merchant and service provider complaints about unfair revenue sharing, and the necessity to provision services to billing systems [66,80]. In some areas, such as the European Union, credited payment services to third
parties require a (limited) credit institution license. The lack of suitable pay-ment instruments has for a long time been regarded as a factor that hampers the development of mobile commerce.
Mobile payments are payments for goods, services, and bills with a mobile device (such as a mobile phone, smart-phone, or personal digital assistant (PDA)) by taking advantage of wireless and other communication technologies. Mobile devices can be used in a variety of payment scenarios, such as payment for digital content (e.g., ring tones, logos, news, music, or games), tickets, parking fees and transport fares, or to access electronic payment services to pay bills and invoices. Payments for physical goods are also possible, both at vending and ticketing machines, and at manned point-of-sale (POS) terminals.
A mobile payment is carried out with a mobile payment instrument such a mobile credit card or a mobile wallet. In addition to pure mobile payment instruments, most electronic and many physical payment instruments have been mobilized. Furthermore, mobile payments, as all other payments, fall broadly into two categories: payments for daily purchases, and payments of bills (credited payments). For purchases, mobile payments complement or compete with cash, cheques, credit cards, and debit cards. For bills, mobile payments typically provide access to account-based payment instruments such as money transfers, Internet banking payments, direct debit assignments, or electronic invoice acceptance.
In the early 2000s, mobile payment services became a hot topic and remained so even after the burst of the Internet hype. Hundreds of mobile payment services, including access to electronic payments and Internet banking, were introduced all over the world. Strikingly many of these orts failed. For example, most, if not all, of the dozens of mobile payment services available in EU countries and listed in the ePSO database in 2002 [5] have been discontinued. To facilitate the development of better mobile payment services, it is important to understand the lessons of his history by learning what previous studies have discovered about mobile payments and about the mobile payment services markets, as well as what issues have remained unanswered.
The aim of this paper is to summarize findings from past mobile payments research, and to suggest promising directions for future research. There are a number of factors that highlight the significance and usefulness of such a literature review. Firstly, the field has seen a growing number of publications, yet a thorough review of existing work is missing. The lack of published literature reviews impedes the progress in the field; review articles are critical to strengthening an area as a field of study [88]. Secondly, research so far seems fragmented, and lacks a roadmap or an agenda. Reviewing existing literature not only
leads to a better understanding of the state of the research in the field, but it also discerns patterns in the development of the field itself. Finally, a synthesis of existing findings allows researchers not to repeat similar work, and discover important gaps. In other words, it closes areas where a plethora of research
already exists, and at the same time uncovers those areas where research is lacking [88].
Another contribution of this literature review is the proposed theoretical framework, around which the review is organized. Webster and Watson [88] recommend that the best reviews need to be conceptually structured, and based on a guiding theory. Our framework provides a guiding structure that allows us to effectively accumulate knowl edge, and to interpret previous findings. Because the frame work itself aims to explain relevant factors in the mobile payment services market, basing the literature review on the framework ensures that the review is comprehensive and holistic, and reveals research gaps that could otherwise be overlooked. The framework not only helps to explain the existing body of knowledge on each factor of the frame work, but, more importantly, it also provides an overview of the mobile payment services market, illustrating how the various perspectives and research findings fit together as part of the big picture.
The framework used for the review of literature applies two guiding theories. They are the five forces model developed by Porter [68], and the generic contingency theory which emerged from the work of Lawrence and Lorch Perrow and Thompson [81]. The framework is used to classify past research, to analyze research findings of classified studies, and to propose meaningful research questions for future research for each factor.
The prime actors in the mobile payment services market are mobile payment service providers and their customers. Various parties assuming these roles in the market include consumers, merchants, financial institutions and telecom operators. Additional parties, typically vendors of hand sets, software, networks and other technologies may also be involved. The power and the interests of these parties impact how technologies and other resources are orches trated into mobile payment services, and how these services are ored to and used by the market. Moreover, mobile payment services compete for the attention of customers and other parties against physical and electronic payment services. Mobile payment services are a natural choice to pay for mobile services. Yet, to succeed, mobile payment services may have to offer added value and be available for other relevant payment environments as well.
Porter’s [68] competitive factors strategy model, or the five forces model, describes both the key role of a mobile payment service provider, and other market factors. The model
applies insights from industrial organization theory to analyze the competitive environment on the level of business units [3], and relates the average profitability of the participants in an industry to competitive forces [30]. The basic proposition is that organizational performance mainly depends on the industry structure. According to Pearce and Robinson [65] and Johnson [29], the strengths of Porter’s model are that it provides one
simple approach to analyze industry structure, identify and determine the attractiveness of an industry, reveal insights on profitability, inform important decisions about whether to leave or enter industries or sectors, and develop strategic optionsto improve relative performance in the industry or influence relative position in the industry. As one of the most influential management tools for strategic industry analysis [3], the model has been applied by numerous practitioners and academics [30]. The above arguments suggest that the model is well suited to guide the classification of literature on the mobile payments services markets.
In addition to the competitive forces within the mobile payments services markets, other factors are believed to impact these markets as well, for example, technology and standards, regulatory activities and legislation, estab lished purchase and payment habits, or national economy infrastructures. If we regard a mobile payment services market as the unit of analysis (organization), these other factors become contingency factors, which influence the performance of the unit but are beyond the influence and control of that unit, as defined in the contingency theory. Contingency theory therefore is also well suited to classify mobile payments research and to capture the environmental factors which are characteristic to the mobile payment services markets .
The roots of contingency theory are typically seen in open systems theory and in Cyert–Simon–March stream of theory (e.g., [23,89]). Contingency theory emphasizes the importance of environmental influences, especially technology, on the management of organizations, and suggests that there is no single best way to manage or organize. The identification of contingency factors is one typical research theme. In addition to technology, other typical contingency factors include cultural, social and economic factors. In the context of mobile payment services markets, it is natural to include regulation, jurisdiction and standardization factors too because financial services and telecommunication are among the most regulated industries, and the use of standards is characteristic to telecommunication.
Two features of contingency theory make it useful for our purposes. Contingency theory is described as a mid range theory which falls between two extreme views [21,89]. According to one extreme view, it is possible to find universally true theories, whereas the other one claims that each unit of analysis is unique and has to be analyzed based on situational
factors. Contingency theory postulates that environmental factors are important but also that the impacts of environmental factors are systematic, rather than entirely situational. The contingency approach is useful for the classification of mobile payment research, since, for example, mobile payment services dier between markets, such as Japan, various European countries, or the USA, but they do so in systematic ways, for instance due to dierences
in payment technology infrastructure, regulation, laws, or habits.
The other useful feature of contingency theory is the ‘‘environment –strategy –performance’’ link [21]. The the ory claims that the environment, such as the amount and type of regulation, impacts the structure of the organization, by, for example, influencing which entities have incentives to become mobile payment service providers. This, in turn, impacts performance, such as adoption interests of merchants and consumers. Another example is that enhanced technology makes it possible to provide enhanced services, which in turn increases interest toward the services. The resulting framework is presented in Fig. 1. The framework is multi-faceted since it includes both market factors and contingency factors. The inner facet of the framework, that is competitive factors, describes the five main competitive forces of the mobile payment services markets. The outer facet of the framework includes contin gency factors, that is, technological, social/cultural, commercial, and legal/regulatory/standardization.
In addition to the theoretical basis described above, the framework has also been influenced by research models proposed in earlier studies [10,28,27]. Jayewardene and Foley [28] proposed that changes in technological, cultural, commercial and legal factors, together with the competitive forces of financial services market, drive financial services development. Javalgi and Ramsey [27] suggested that information technology and telecommunication, social/cultural commercial, and government/legal factors impact the diusion of global eCommerce. Dahlberg and Mallat [10] combined these two models to describe factors which characterize mobile payment services markets and impact the diusion of these services.
We stress that the framework can be used as a metamodel to classify the existing literature, and as a research model to examine the die rent factors that influence the mobile payments services market. The framework is useful for these purposes because: (1) it is based on guiding theories, is conceptually sound, and draws from previous research; (2) it helps to bring clarity to the multiple topics and to the vague, conflicting terminology present in professional and academic mobile payment literature; and (3) it shows clearly what factors impact the mobile payments services market and services development, another issue in need of clarity.
出处：Tomi Dahlberg .Electronic Commerce Research and Applications 7 (2020) 165–181二、翻译文章
题目：关于移动支付过去，现状，以后的文献综述
译文：电话已经深刻地改变了史，他们具有的了一般所不具有的很多功能，比如说鼓励增值移动效劳进展，作为接入设备利用的移动，和通用移动商务的利用。

目前移动的利用数量远远超过任何可能被用于市场，销售，生产或提供产品和效劳给消费者的其他技术设备。

这一切进展给商家和效劳提供商提供了丰厚的获利机遇。

购买产品和效劳都必需支付。

最初，固定计费系统被运用于移动的计费系统。

接着，移动计费系统被引进，并被运用于各类各样的移动收费效劳。

可是，这种计费系统有很多的局限性。

比如说，相对较高的支付交易费，商家和效劳供给商对不公平的利益分派的抱怨，和对给这种计费系统所提供的必要的效劳。

在一些地域，如欧盟，关于提供给第三方的信贷支付需要一个（有限的）信贷机构许可证。

长时刻以来，一个合理的支付工具的缺乏都被以为是移动商业进展路上的绊脚石。

移动支付确实是通过无线通信和其他通信工具的优势来实现和移动设备有关的货物，效劳，账务等商业活动的进行，（比如移动电话，智能电话，个人数字助理，）移动效劳能够背普遍的运动于各类各样的支付领域，比如：数字内容付款（如铃声，口号，新闻，音乐，或游戏），门票，停车费和交通费，或对工资单及发票的电子支付效劳。

关于实物来讲，移动支付也一样适用，不管是自动销售机，自动售票机仍是有人销售的销售点终端。

电话支付伴随着一系列的移动支付工具显现，比如信誉卡或电子钱包。

除纯粹的移动支付之外，大多数的电子支付，和实物支付都被调动起来。

另外，像其他支付手腕一样移动支付大体上被分为两大类：对日经常使用品的支付和对账单的支付（信誉支付），从购物这方面来看，移动支付时对现金，支票，信誉卡，借记卡等来讲是一种补充或是竞争。

关于账单来讲，移动支付通常能够提供基于账款支付的效劳，如：汇款，网银支付，直接付款作业，或电子发票验收。

早在2000年，移动支付效劳成为一个热点话题，而且将一个永久的话题，即便在网络广告破灭的情形下。

成百上千的移动支付效劳，包括电子支付和网上银行，都被普遍地推向世界各地。

可是，令人震惊的是很多的尽力都付诸东流。

比如：大多数的2002年在欧盟能够运用和ePSO数据库中列出电话支付效劳此刻都已经被停止利用了
为了增进移动电话支付业务的进展，了解它的进展历史超级重要，必需了解关于电话支付和电话支付效劳市场的文献史料，了解哪些问题仍然有待解决。

本论文的目的在于通过对过去关于移动支付调查的研究为尔后进展研究方向指明方向。

在历史文献中具有很多有着突出重要性和有效性的的材料。

第一，这一领域已经见证了愈来越多的出版物的涌现，可是在进展的进程中有很多文献都遗失了。

这种遗失阻碍了这一领域的进展，回忆相关资料关于提高这一方面的只是储蓄有着相当重
要的意义。

第二，目前为止，相关方面的研究似乎都是支离破碎的，全然没有一个整体的计划图或说是议案。

回忆现存的文献研究不仅能够帮忙咱们更好的了解在这一领域的相关研究，还能够帮忙咱们洞察这一领域自身的进展模式。

最后，关于现有文献的整理综合能够帮忙研究者幸免重复类似的工作，找到工作的重点。

换句话说，确实是取缔那些研究多余研究，同时，挖掘那些研究匮乏的领域。

另一方面，本论文旨在提出前面已经提到过的理论性的结构图。

Webster 和 Watson 建议说最好的评论应该同时具有两个特点：概念理论性强和基于指导性理论。

咱们的框架为咱们提供了指导，它帮忙咱们有效的积存知识和说明以前的研究结果。

以为框架本身确实是致力于说明在移动支付效劳市场的相关因素，基于那个框架基础上的文献研究保证了这项文是全面的，整体的，而且揭露可能被轻忽的研究差距。

那个框架不仅帮忙咱们说明框架的每一个因素的现有知识，而且更重要的是为咱们提供了一个对移动支付效劳市场的概况，说明各类观点和研究功效是怎么样融合成一个整体性蓝图的。

在文献框架构建中，要紧利用了两个指导性理论。

他们是波特五力模型和劳伦斯和洛奇、佩罗和Thompson有关在工作中出现的一样应急理论。

该框架是用来区分过去研究，分类研究的分析研究功效，并提出对以后研究成心义的各因素的研究问题。

移动支付效劳供给商和顾客是移动支付效劳市场的要紧参与者。

假设在市场参与各方角色要紧包括消费者，商家，金融机构和电信运营商。

其他参与者，传统电话业务供给商，软件，网络和其他技术供给商也可能参与其中。

他们在行业中的阻碍力和利益诉求如何，将直接决定电话支付技术标准的制定和其他资源进入移动支付效劳基础设施建设，还会决定如何将这些效劳通过通过市场向利用者传递，和利益如何分派。

另外，移动支付效劳争夺客户和其他当事人对硬件和电子支付效劳的关注。

移动支付效劳是一个自然的选择。

但是，要取得成功，电话支付效劳还可以提供附加价值，和制造良好的电话支付环境。

波特的竞争因素策略模型，或五力模型，描述了在一个移动支付效劳提供商的关键作用，和其他市场因素。

该模型适用于从产业组织理论的观点来分析对经营单位水平的竞争环境，而且与一个行业参与者的平均盈利能力的竞争力。

其大体主张是，组织性能要紧取决于对行业结构。

据Pearce和罗宾逊和Johnson，波特的模型的优势是，它提供了一个简单的方式来分析产业结构，识别和确信一个行业的吸引力，揭露盈利的观点，告知重要决定是不是离开或进入的行业或部门，改善和进展战略optionsto在行业或产业的阻碍相对位置的相对性能。

作为战略产业分析最有阻碍力的治理工具之一，该模型取得了很多专家和学者应用。

以上参数说明，该模型超级适合以指导移动支付效劳市场的文学分类。

除在移动支付效劳市场的竞争力外，其他因素例如，技术和标准，治理活动和立法，购买和支付适应，或国家经济的基础设施也被以为是阻碍市场的因素。

若是咱们移动支付效劳市场作为分析单位（组织），这些阻碍了性能的阻碍，但超出了该单位在应急操纵理论概念方面的权变因素。

因此，权变理论也超级适合进行移动支付研究分类和捕捉移动支付效劳市场特点的环境因素。

权变理论的本源是出此刻系统开放理论和西尔特-西蒙三月流理论。

权变理论强调环境的阻碍，专门是技术对组织治理的重要性，说明治理组织并无单一的最好方式。

应急因素的识别是典型的研究主题。

除技术因素，其他典型的权变包括文化，社会和经济因素。

移动支付效劳市场包括法规，司法管辖和标准化的因素，因为金融效劳和电信是最标准的行业，而且利用标准特性进行通信。

权变理论的两个特点对咱们超级有效。

权变理论为一个中等范围的理论，属于两个极端之间的观点。

依照一种极端的观点，有可能找普遍真实的理论，而另一种观点以为每一个单位都是并世无双的理论，而且是对具体情境加以分析的基础上取得的。

权变理论以为环境因素不但重要，而且它阻碍是系统性的而非整体的。

应急方法对移动支付研究分类很有效，如日本，欧洲各国，美国关于移动支付效劳和市场之间，在支付技术基础设施，监管，法律或适应有系统的方式。

权变理论另一个有效的方面是“环境- 战略- 绩效”联系。

该理论以为，调控的数量和类型，阻碍了组织结构，阻碍哪些实体有动力，成为移动支付效劳提供商索赔。

这反过来又阻碍性能，如商家和消费者利益和谐。

另一个例子是增强技术使咱们能够提供和强化效劳，从而增加对效劳的爱好。

该框架是多方面的，它包括了市场因素和应急因素。

该框架内的方方面面，即竞争因素，介绍了五个要紧的移动支付效劳市场的竞争力。

该框架包括应急方面之外技术，社会/文化，商业，法律/法规/标准因素。

除上述的理论基础，框架也已经在初期的研究提出的研究模式的阻碍文献。

Jayewardene和Foley 提出，在科技，文化，商业和法律因素的转变，再加上金融效劳市场的竞争力，推动进展的金融效劳。

Javalgi和Ramsey以为，信息技术和电信，社会、文化商业，和政府、法律因素，阻碍全世界电子商务。

结合这两个模型来描述移动支付效劳市场的特点和阻碍这些效劳。

咱们强调该框架能够作为模型对现有文献进行分类，并作为模型研究阻碍移动支付效劳市场的因素。

该框架的要紧意义：（1）它以指导理论为基础，在尊重概念的基础上，注重以往的研究，（2）它有助于带来多个更为清楚的主题和明确目前在专业和学术上所利用的移动支付的术语（3）另一个需要明确的问题，它清楚地说明哪些因素阻碍了移动支付效劳市场和效劳的进展。

出处：Tomi Dahlberg.电子商务研究与应用.7 (2020) 165–181。