Unit 3 Why I Teach

Unit 3 Why I Teach
一、教学目的
1、了解：与课文相关的文化背景知识，掌握议论文的文体风格和写作特点。

2、理解：理解课文的主题思想以及文中出现的复杂、疑难句式。

3、掌握课文的篇章结构和特点。

4. 熟练掌握并运用
1) 四级重点词汇、短语、句型。

2) 阅读技巧：scanning
3) 写作技巧：find topic sentence
4) 语法：not …because…;
adj./ p.p. used as adverbial;
find + oneself + v.-ed/ v.-ing/ prepositional phrase
二、教学重点
1、掌握：
1）与课文相关的文化背景知识：
(1)Becoming a teacher in the U.S..
A student who is preparing to become a teacher in the U.S. must take study liberal arts subjects (such as mathematics, English, and history); courses in the particular subject(s) he expects to teach, and professional education courses (usually including educational psychology, methods of teaching, and the philosophy and history of education). Almost all schools require practice teaching, in which the student teacher, under the supervision of an experienced classroom teacher, participates in actual classroom procedures.
Every elementary and secondary public school teacher in the U.S. must have a teacher’s certificate granted by the government of the stat e in which he wishes to teach. Most of the states require four years of college for
elementary teaching certificates; all the states require at least four years of college for secondary certificates.
College and university teachers are not required to take educational courses or to obtain teaching certificates. However, a doctor’s degree in a field of specialization is almost a necessity for a career in most institutions of higher learning.
(2) Emerson, Thoreau and Huxley.
2）课文的文体及特点：本文是一篇议论文。

(1) The author uses parallelism of paragraphs to emphasize the reasons why he teaches. (I teach because----I teach because---)
(2) The professor also uses metaphor to express why he likes teaching profession more than others.
e.g. 1) Being a teacher is being present at the creation, when the clay begins to
breathe.
2) ----getting myself and my students out of the ivory tower-----
2、理解课文的主题思想，掌握课文的篇章结构。

Main Idea: The author raises a question at the very beginning and then gives his reasons why he loves to be a teacher.
Part One ( L1- L4 ): The author raises the questions "Why do you teach?" at the very beginning.
Part Two ( L5 - L15 ): The author answers the question indirectly "Certainly I don't teach because teaching is easy for me. Nor do I teach because I think I
know answers or because I have knowledge I feel compelled to share." Part Three ( L6 - L70): The author gives his reasons for choosing teaching as his career.
3、通过本课程的学习，学生应熟练掌握并运用以下词汇、短语、句型：
1）A类词汇（四级高频词汇，要求学生准确掌握拼写、文章中的词义、用法及其相关的词性转换、词义或用法的补充）
1.puzzle 【教材】
vt. make unable to answer, solve or understand; fill with doubt and confusion
I was puzzled by the question. 使迷惑，使为难
His face wore a puzzled expression.
【补充】n. 谜，难题
No one has yet succeeded in explaining the puzzle of how life began.
It is a puzzle to me how he could come here.
2.profession: 【教材】
n. a job that needs special education and training 职业
e.g. What made you choose law as profession?
是什么使你选择了法律作为职业？
【补充】professional: adj. 职业上的，专业的，行家的
3.convince:【教材】vt. to make someone feel certain that sth. is true. 使信服，
使确信
【补充】句型：~sb of sth; ~sb. that---
e.g. What she said convinced me that I was mistaken. 她的话使我认识到我错了。

He convinced me of his sincerity.
convinced: adj. 确信的，坚信的
convincing: adj. 令人信服的，有说服力的
e.g. I am convinced of his guilt. 我确信他有罪。

a convincing speaker 令人信服的演说家
pel:【教材】vt. to force someone to do sth. 强迫，迫使
e.g. We can’t compel you to do it, but we think you should.
我们不能强迫你做这件事，可是我们认为你应该做。

No one can compel love. 爱是无法强求的。

5.reflect:【教材】v. (1) (of surface) throw back (light, heat, sound); (of a mirror)
send back an image of （指表面）反射（光、热、声）；（指镜）反射…之像
e.g. The sunlight was reflected from the water. 日光由水面反射出来。

【补充】reflect on / upon: consider; think on 考虑；思考
e.g. I must reflect upon how to answer that question.我必须思考一下如何答复那个问题。

I reflected on possible reasons for my failure. 我仔细思索导致我失败的种种原
因。

【补充】reflection: n.
1) a deep and careful thought深思，考虑
I have a few reflections to offer on what you said.
2)an image reflected in a mirror or polished surface
（在镜中、水面上等所映出的）映像，影像；
we looked at the reflection of the bridge in the water.
3)the throwing back of heat, light, sound or an image反射；
The moon looks bright because of the reflection of light.
4)sth. that shows the effects of, or is a sign of, a particular condition, etc.反映
This novel is a faithful reflection of what he saw and heard.
6.stimulate: 【教材】vt. (1) to make sb. or sth. more active or alert; arouse sb. or
sth. 刺激，激励；激发
e.g. The teacher’s praise stimulated Tom to study even harder.
老师的表扬激励汤姆更加努力学习。

(2) to cause sth. to work or function 促进，起刺激作用
e.g. Light stimulates plant growth. 光能促进植物的生长。

【补充】stimulating:
adj. 刺激的，鼓舞的；有趣的，激动人心的
7.freshman: 【教材】n. a student in the first year of college 大一学生
【补充】sophomore: n. a student in the second year of college 大二学生
junior:n. a student in the third year of college 大三学生
senior:n. a student in the fourth year of college 大四学生
8.reliance: 【教材】n. [U] the state of being dependent on sth.
信赖，信任；依赖
e.g. A child has reliance on his mother. 孩子依赖母亲。

self-reliance n. ability to do things and make decisions by oneself
依靠自己；自力更生
【补充】派生词：reliant: adj. 信任的，信赖的，依靠的
9.renovate:【教材】vt. to repair and paint a building so that it is in good condition
again 修理，修复，装修
e.g. The house cannot be renovated. 这房子不能再修了。

They are living in temporary accommodation while their apartment is being
【补充】renovated. 他们的公寓正在装修，只好住在临时的住处。

10.repay:【教材】vt. pay back 偿还，回报
re-: prefix 前缀again, or back
e.g. regain，replace，reconsideration，reorganize
11.distribute:【教材】vt. to give sth. such as food, medicine, books, etc. to a large
group of people分发，分配
e.g. The teacher distributed the test papers to the students.
Clothes and blankets have been distributed among the refugees.
已经向难民分发了衣物和毯子。

distribution n.
12.variety: 【教材】n. difference in quality, type or character
变化性，多变性；多样性
e.g. We all need variety in our diet. 我们的饮食需要变化。

【补充】a variety of: 各种各样的；varieties of: 各种… ；
lack variety: 缺乏变化／多样性
【补充】vary v. 变化；various a .各种各样的，不同的；variation n. 变化，改变；variable a. 易变的，无常的；
13.switch: v. 【教材】to change from one thing to another, usually suddenly
使转变，改变（尤指突然地）
e.g. He used to play tennis, but now he’s switched to gol
f.
他过去打网球，但现在他改打高尔夫球了。

14.urban:【教材】a. 城市的
e.g. urban life；urban environment；urban population；
【补充】urbanize v. 使都市化rural a. 农村的；
suburban a. 郊区的，市郊的suburb n. 郊区，市郊
15.analysis【教材】n. the separation of a substance into parts for careful examination
and stuty 分析
【补充】analyze v.
16.intuition:【教材】n. the ability to understand or know sth. by using your
feelings rather than by carefully considering the facts 直觉；直觉力
e.g.Intuition told me you are here. 我凭直觉知道你在这儿
17. point: 【教材】n. use; purpose目的，意义
e.g. What’s the point of studying after the exam? 考完试后再用功有什么意义？【补充】p55-56
2）B类词汇（四级词汇，要求学生准确掌握拼写、文章中的词义、用法）
1. mechanic n. skilled workman, esp. one who uses or repairs machines and tools 机械工；机修工
2. palm a. 手掌
3. pace n. rate or speed of development, or in walking, etc. 速度；步速
4. calendar n. 日程表，日历
5. technological a. of or related to technology 技术的
6. corporation n. (AmE) 有限公司
7. loan n. sth. lent, esp. a sum of money 借出的东西；贷款
8. challenge n. the quality of demanding competitive action, interest, or though 挑战
9. energetic a. vigorous 精力充沛
11. learned a. showing or requiring much knowledge 博学的
12. journal n. magazine or daily newspaper 杂志；日报
13. civil rights n. the rights of a citizen without regard to his race, religion, sex, etc. 公民权
14. lawyer n. person who practices law 律师
15. clay n. 粘士
16. magic n. mysterious charm; strange influence or power; art of obtaining mysterious results by tricks 魔力；魔术
3) A类短语（四级高频短语，要求学生准确掌握拼写、文章中的意思、用法及其
词义或用法的补充、相关短语的比较等）
1. stay up 【教材】
a)not to go t o bed until after the usual time
We stayed up to watch a film.
b)not fall or sink
If you do fall out of the boat, your life jacket will help you to stay up until we can fish you out.
c)remain in a position where it has been hung, mounted, etc.
If Jane’s temperature stays up all day, call the doctor.
2.find oneself …【教材】
When he awoke, he found himself in jail.
Then I found myself surrounded by half a dozen boys
Your remarks were so unexpected that I found myself at a loss for words
3. stay up:【教材】not go to bed until after the usual time 不睡觉，熬夜
4. take notes【教材】记笔记
5. build on: 【教材】base on; use as a base for further development
6. keep a diary【教材】记日记
7. leave out: 【教材】fail to mention or include; omit
8. send off：【教材】post; dispatch
9. work at/ on : 【教材】give one's attention to doing or trying to do
10. catch one's breath:【教材】rest and get back one's normal breath, as after
running; stop breathing for a moment from surprise, fear, shock, etc
4）构词法：-ship, -dom
5）阅读技巧：scanning
6）写作技巧：find topic sentence
7）语法：
not …because…;
adj./ pp used as adverbial;
find + oneself + v.-ed/ v.-ing/ prepositional phrase
三、教学难点
复杂、疑难句子：
1.…I don’t want to be considered for an administrative position.
2.Certainly I don’t teach because teachin g id easy for me.
3.For me, teaching is a redeye, sweaty-palm, sinking-stomach profession.
4.…sure I will be found out for the fool that I am.
5.…because I have knowledge I feel compelled to share.
6.I teach because I like the pace of the academic calendar.
7.to ask questions that students must struggle to answer.
8.The world is full of right answers to bad questions.
9.who labored at her dissertation.
10.Being a teacher is being present at the creation, when the clay begins to breathe.
11.…being around people who are beginnin g to breathe, I occasionally find myself
catching my breath with them.
四、作业
1、教材练习: 课后练习ExIII V ocabulary Activities; ExIV Enriching Your Word Power; ExV Usage ; ExVI Structure; ExVII Close的第一篇；Reading Activity；Ex IX Translation
2、补充练习
I. Vocabulary and Structure（每单元编写25道词汇、短语、句型及语法点相关的练习题）
1. At first, the speaker was referring to the problem of pollution in the country, about halfway in her speech, she suddenly to another subject.
A. committed
B. switched
C. favored
D. transmitted
2. Great as Newton was, many of his ideas today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.
A. are to challenge
B. may be challenged
C. have been challenged
D. are challenging.
3. Frequently single-parent children some of the functions that the absent adult in the house would have served.
A. take off
B. take after
C. take in
D. take on
4. Bad heath his father to resign from his job.
A. enforced
B. compelled
C. reinforced
D. competed.
5. The doctors the medicines among the crowd.
A. distributed
B. divided
C. dismissed
D. displayed
6. One of the tasks of the teachers is to children to think creatively.
A. stimulate
B. seek
C. shape
D. secure
7. Few cities build new airports. Instead, most cities expand or their existing airports.
A. switch
B. change
C. renovate
D. revise
8. Let me sit down for a moment and .
A. hold my breath
B. catch my breath
C. take a breath
D. lose my breath
9. He has always been in class and never misses anything that the teacher says.
A. energetic
B. radiant
C. careless
D. conscientious.
10. In order to do the business, a large has to be obtained from the bank.
A. capital
B. loan
C. debt
D. funds
11. Please a diary about what you have seen in the country.
A. keep
B. retain
C. withhold
D. reserve
12. I'll never do that again; I've my lesson.
A. given
B. taught
C. learned
D. said
13. Bob didn’t turn up at the party. I had an that something must have gone wrong.
A. intuition
B. conclusion
C. determination
D. intention
14. Roger was quite stubborn and it was almost impossible to him of his mistakes.
A. advise
B. convince
C. persuade
D. suggest
15. While typing, Helen has a habit of stopping to give her long and flowing
hair a smooth.
A. occasionally
B. suddenly
C. eventually
D. promptly
16. Because of the limitation of space, I had to a lot of excellent material, which I intended to include in another book.
A. leave out
B. leave to
C. leave for
D. leave off
17. The environmental organizations have the government to take measures to protect the endangered species of fish.
A. called for
B. called up
C. called on
D. called at
18. The is, do you really know what you’re doing?
A. idea
B. position
C. meaning
D. point
19. When he turned the corner, he found himself by a man in black.
A. tailing
B. tailed
C. tail
D. to be tailed
20. Once or twice I found myself my own judgment.
A. doubting
B. doubted
C. doubt
D. to be doubted
21. He entered the office still by the way she had spoken to him.
A. annoying
B. annoyed
C. annoy
D. to be annoyed
22. In a time of social reform, people’s state of mind tends to keep with the rapid changed of society.
A. step
B. progress
C. pace
D. touch
23. The cost of living for residents is much higher than that for those in rural areas.
A. conventional
B. veteran
C. urban
D. immigrant
24. As you have seen, the value of a nation’s currency is a its economy.
A. response
B. revelation
C. reaction
D. reflection
25. I am pleased to have to visit your country.
A. opportunity
B. occasion
C. possibility
D. fate
补充练习答案
I. Vocabulary and Structure
1-5 BCDBA
6-10 ACBAB
11-15 ACABA
16-20 ACDBA
21-25 BCCDA
Test 1
I. Vocabulary and Structure
1. At first, the speaker was referring to the problem of pollution in the country, about halfway in her speech, she suddenly to another subject.
A. committed
B. switched
C. favored
D. transmitted
2. Frequently single-parent children some of the functions that the absent adult in the house would have served.
A. take off
B. take after
C. take in
D. take on
3. Bad heath his father to resign from his job.
A. enforced
B. compelled
C. reinforced
D. competed.
4. One of the tasks of the teachers is to children to think creatively.
A. stimulate
B. seek
C. shape
D. secure
5. Few cities build new airports. Instead, most cities expand or their existing airports.
A. switch
B. change
C. renovate
D. revise
6. Let me sit down for a moment and .
A. hold my breath
B. catch my breath
C. take a breath
D. lose my breath
7. In order to do the business, a large has to be obtained from the bank.
A. capital
B. loan
C. debt
D. funds
8. Please a diary about what you have seen in the country.
A. keep
B. retain
C. withhold
D. reserve
9. I'll never do that again; I've my lesson.
A. given
B. taught
C. learned
D. said
10. Bob didn’t turn up at the party. I had an that something must have gone wrong.
A. intuition
B. conclusion
C. determination
D. intention
II. Fill in the blanks according to the text.
These are the real reasons I teach, these people who grow and change in front of me. Being a teacher is being 1 at the creation, when the clay begins to breathe.
A "promotion" out of teaching would give me money and power. But I have money. I get 2 to do what I enjoy: reading, talking with people, and asking questions like, "What is the 3 of being rich?"
And I have power. I have the power to nudge, to fan sparks, to suggest books, to point out a 4 . What other power 5 ?
But teaching offers something besides money and power: it 6 love. Not only the love of learning and of books and ideas, but also the love that a teacher feels
for that 7 student who walks into a teacher's life and begins to breathe. Perhaps love is the wrong word: magic might be better.
I teach because, being around people who are beginning to 8 , I
___9___ find myself 10 my breath with them.
III. Translation
1.Many American students _______________________ (申请政府贷款) for their
education/intuition.
2.Besides reading materials, the use of films and multimedia
_______________________ (会激发学生学习的兴趣).
3.The attorney/ lawyer tried to _______________________________ (说服评审团
他的当事人是无辜的).
4.Asking questions often _____________________________ (引发创造的火花). Key:
I. 1-5 BDBAC 6-10 BBACA
II. 1-5 I K O G E 6-10 C N L B F
III.
1.apply for government loan
2.can stimulate students’ interest in a subject
3.convince the jury of his client’s innocence
4.generates the spark of creativity
Test 2
I. Vocabulary and Structure
1. Roger was quite stubborn and it was almost impossible to him of his mistakes.
A. advise
B. convince
C. persuade
D. suggest
2. As soon as the class began, the teacher the test papers.
A. contributed
B. dismissed
C. released
D. distributed
3. The environmental organizations have the government to take measures to protect the endangered species of fish.
A. called for
B. called up
C. called on
D. called at
4. The is, do you really know what you’re doing?
A. idea
B. position
C. meaning
D. point
5. When he turned the corner, he found himself by a man in black.
A. tailing
B. tailed
C. tail
D. to be tailed
6. Once or twice I found myself my own judgment.
A. doubting
B. doubted
C. doubt
D. to be doubted
7. He entered the office still by the way she had spoken to him.
A. annoying
B. annoyed
C. annoy
D. to be annoyed
8. In a time of social reform, people’s state of mind tends to keep with the rapid changed of society.
A. step
B. progress
C. pace
D. touch
9. As you have seen, the value of a nation’s currency is a its economy.
A. response
B. revelation
C. reaction
D. reflection
10. I am pleased to have to visit your country.
A. opportunity
B. occasion
C. possibility
D. fate
II. Fill in the blanks according to the text.
These are the real reasons I teach, these people who grow and change in front of me. Being a teacher is being present at the 1 , when the clay begins to breathe.
A "___2___" out of teaching would give me money and power. But I have money.
I get 3 to do what I enjoy: reading, talking with people, and asking questions like, "What is the 4 of being rich?"
And I have power. I have the power to 5 , to fan sparks, to suggest books, to point out a pathway. What other power 6 ?
But teaching offers something 7 money and power: it offers love. Not only the love of learning and of books and ideas, but also the love that a teacher feels for that rare student who walks into a teacher's life and begins to 8 . Perhaps love is the wrong word: ___9__ might be better.
I teach because, being around people who are beginning to breathe, I occasionally find myself 10 my breath with them.
III. Translation
1.I have sent off my resume to several corporations, but ______________________
(尚未收到回复).
2.Her conclusion _________________________________________________ (建
立在对当前国际形势进行了仔细分析的基础上的).
3.We come to the meeting full of expectations, yet
___________________________ (离开时却大所失望).
4._________________ (暂时) he has to take the job of distributing leaflets to
promote products for a cosmetic company.
Key
I. 1-5 BDCDB 6-10 ABCDA
II. 1-5 H L D O F 6-10 B N K J E
III.
1.haven’t yet received a reply
2.is built/ based on a careful analysis of current international affairs
3.we left very disappointed
4.At the moment。