(英语)高三英语阅读理解(时文广告)各地方试卷集合汇编

（英语）高三英语阅读理解(时文广告)各地方试卷集合汇编
一、高中英语阅读理解时文广告类
1．阅读理解
The Museum of Eton Life
The Museum of Eton Life brings alive various aspects of the Eton experience across six centuries. It is housed in an undercroft (地窖) below College Hall, a space that was used to store beer for the scholarship boys until the early 20th century. Established as a museum in 1985, it now houses permanent and temporary displays exploring life at Eton College.
In 2016, the museum launched a new permanent display showcasing materials which illustrate the boarding life of boys at the school in the 21st century. There is also an annually changing display exploring new and different stories and presenting rarely seen objects from the collection. Visitors can discover Eton s history and traditions, famous Old Etonians (from poets to, Prime Ministers) and sports including the Wall Came, as well as find out about what and where pupils learn, eat and live.
Access and Enquiries
Opening hours: Sunday afternoons 2:30 —5 :00 pm.
Please contact the Museum Officer to arrange an appointment to visit the museum outside opening hours or to enquire about this collection.
The museum is located in Brewhouse Yard, accessed from Eton High Street via Baldwin's Shore. Please check the access page for further details on opening times. The museums may close due to holidays or exceptional circumstances.
Please access the Collections Learning page for more information.
（1）When was the museum started?
A.Six centuries ago.
B.In 1985.
C.In the early 20th century,
D.In 2016.
（2）What do you learn about the exhibits?
A.They explore different aspects of Eton Life.
B.They are a collection of old objects of Eton.
C.They are changed for new ones every year.
D.They are materials about 0ld Etonians.
（3）How can a visitor get access outside opening hours?
A.He can go any time on Sundays.
B.By walking in via Baldwin's Shore.
C.He'll have to make an appointment.
D.By showing Collections Learning page.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了伊顿公学博物馆的相关内容，以及如何进行参观。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Established as a museum in 1985, it now houses permanent and temporary displays exploring life at Eton College. ”伊顿公学博物馆建于1985年，现为伊顿公学探索生活的永久性和临时性的展览场所，可知，伊顿公学博物馆建于1985年。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Visitors can discover Eton s history and traditions, famous Old Etonians ( from poets to, Prime Ministers) and sports including the Wall Came, as well as find out about what and wher e pupils learn, eat and live. ”游客可以发现伊顿公学的历史和传统，著名的老伊顿人（从诗人到总理）和包括Wall Came在内的体育,以及了解学生们学习、饮食和生活的地方)可知，游客可以在伊顿公学博物馆探索伊顿生活的各个方面，故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第四段中的“ Please contact the Museum Officer to arrange an appointment to visit the museum outside opening hours or to enquire about this collection.”请联络博物馆职员安排在开放时间以外参观博物馆的预约或查询有关藏品，可知，游客如果要在非开放时间参观，需要联系博物馆职员进行预约。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解
Things to do in Cabo Corrientes, Jalisco, Mexico
Majahuitas Island Tour
Duration: 6h 30m
Let yourself be spoiled by the nature in the Majahuitas Island (Natural Reserve) while you do different beach and sea activities, such as Snorkeling (潜游), Kayak (划独木舟)Tour and more. Eight delicious options from our menu will please your taste during lunch time, also your favorite drink will be prepared in our bar.
Las Marietas Eco Discovery
Duration: 6h
Snorkel, swim, and kayak through the beautiful rock formations around the Marietas Islands. Beloved by Jacques Cousteau for their rich marine life and clear waters, this underwater playground is an ideal place to spend the afternoon.
Follow up your snorkeling adventure with a guided kayak trip. Learn about the islands' geologic past and keep your eyes peeled for migrating whales and playful groups of dolphins. Back on the boat, have a tasty deli-style lunch featuring delicious sandwiches and salads, or kick back with a drink from the open bar while your crew set a course for your return to port.
Yelapa & Majahuitas Catamaran Tour
Duration: 7h+
Set sail from Puerta Vallarta aboard a luxurious catamaran with the vast Pacific Ocean ahead and a refreshing sea breeze surrounding you. Spend your morning snorkeling and exploring the
peaceful cove of Majahuitas. This coral reef and tropical fish-filled coastline is only accessible by boat, making it one of Puerto Vallarta's best-kept hidden treasures.
Sayulita Escape
Duration: 3h
Hop on a powerful UTV (utility task vehicle) to explore Sayulita, a hip and relaxed beach town not far from Vallarta. Ride over muddy back roads and a riverbed to reach the small community famous for its laid-back atmosphere. Soon after hitting the main road, your guide turns onto one of the dusty forest paths. Pass by farms, fields, and a riverbed before reaching an isolated beach. When you are ready, a picnic lunch, open bar, and knowledgeable crew await your return to the catamaran.
（1）Which tour lasts longest?
A. Sayulita Escape.
B. Majahuitas Island Tour
C. Las Marietas Eco Discovery.
D. Yelapa &Majahuitas Catamaran Tour.
（2）How does the tour Sayulita Escape differ from the other ones?
A.It includes food and drinks.
B.Its activities are mainly held on the land.
C.It covers a variety of outdoor water rides.
D.It offers a free guide.
（3）What can tourist enjoy on the tour Las Marietas Eco Discovery?
A.Speeding a boat on their own.
B.Playing with whales and dolphins.
C.Observing the history of rock formations.
D.Joining in amazing underwater activities.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了游客能够在墨西哥的Cabo Corrientes参加的一些旅游活动。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据Yelapa & Majahuitas Catamaran Tour部分中“Duration: 7h+”持续时间:7小时以上，以及分析各个活动的持续时长可知，Yelapa & Majahuitas Catamaran Tour 历时七个多小时，历时最长，故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据Sayulita Escape部分中的“Hop on a powerful UTV (utility task vehicle) to explore Sayulita, a hip and relaxed beach town not far from Vallarta.”跳上一辆强大的UTV(实用任务车)去探索Sayulita，一个离瓦亚尔塔不远的时尚休闲的海滨小镇。

以及分析其他活动可知其他活动均以水上活动为主，只有这个旅行团是驾车旅行，主要在陆地上活动，可知Sayulita Escape的特别之处在于它的活动主要在陆地上举行。

故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据Las Marietas Eco Discovery部分中的“Snorkel, swim, and kayak through the beautiful rock formations around the Marietas Islands.”在美丽的马里塔斯群岛周围的岩层中潜水、游泳和划独木舟。

可知，游客可在这次活动中享受很多水下活动，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解
Gemini Man
Gemini Man is a big-budget Hollywood sci-fi-action movie based on an original concept, rather than on a superhero comic or an old TV series, even though this particular original concept is more 20 years old. In it a government assassin (杀手)is being hunted down by his own clone The original script was sold by Darren Lemke to a studio in 1997, and since then almost every male A-listener has been attached as a potential star. Now, at long last, Ang Lee has directed Gemini Man, and Will Smith plays both the veteran assassin and his much younger doppelganger (分身).
Jojo Rabbit
During World War Two, a 10-year-old German boy (Roman Griffin David) is desperate to be a dutiful Nazi, only to discover that his mother (Scarlett Johansson) is hiding, a Jewish girl (Thomasin McKenzie) in their house. It may not sound like the stuff of a big-hearted comedy but Taika Waititi can make anything warm and funny. As well as writing and directing Jojo Rabbit, Waititi co-stars as the boy's imaginary friend,a nitwitted Adolf Hitler.
Doctor Sleep
Mike Flanag's new film is adapted from Stephen King, novel, Doctor Sleep, which was a sequel (续集) to The Shining. You can expect to see blood flowing out of lifts in a rapid stream, ghostly twin girls and headache-including carpet patterns. Ewan McGregor stars as Danny Torrance, the boy with psychic powers m 1980 film. Now, he is a middle-aged hospital counsellor. Maleficent: Mistress of Evil
Here's another chance to see Angelina Jolie. In 2014 she starred in Maleficent, Disney's live-action remake of the Sleeping Beauty cartoon from 1959. The twist was that the eponymous wicked fairy wasn't so wicked, after all, and that the real villain was the father of Princess Aurora (Elle Fanning). The sequel's subtitle promises that Maleficent will actually be evil this time around, her change of heart prompted by Aurora's engagement to handsome prince (Harris Dickinson).（1）What can we learn from this passage?
A. Ewan McGregor plays a role in Doctor Sleep.
B. Taika Waititi is the main character in Jojo Rabbit.
C. Gemini Man is adapted from a 20-yem--old TV series.
D. The real wicked character in Maleficent: Mistress of Evil is Aurora.
（2）If your friend wants to see a horror movie, which one will you recommend?
A. Gemini Man
B. Jojo Babbit
C. Doctor Sleep
D. Maleficent: Mistress of Evil
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四部电影。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据Doctor Sleep部分中的“Ewan McGregor stars as Danny Torrance, the boy with psychic powers in 1980 film.”可知Ewan McGregor在电影Doctor Sleep扮演Danny Torrance的角色。

故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据Doctor Sleep部分中的“You can expect to see blood flowing out of lifts in a rapid stream, ghostly twin girls and headache-including carpet patterns.”可知电影里有血腥场景，可怕的双胞胎姐妹和让人头痛的地毯图案，故推测喜欢看恐怖电影的人，会选择Doctor Sleep这部电影。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解
Bright Side did some research on many places throughout the world where you can buy a house for 1 dollar or for free!
Roubaix, France
If you like France, Roubaix located in the north of France is just for you. The local authorities want it to be populated and attractive. You can buy a small house in the industrial district for just $1. The buyer is supposed to live in this house for 3 years.
Buffalo. USA
Buffalo offers whoever qualifies to buy a house for $1. All you need is to be a lawful citizen of the city and invest amount of money into its decoration. Doing this, the authorities are hoping to make the city beautiful again without spending money.
Liverpool, Great Britain
In Liverpool, most of houses were abandoned (遗弃)by the working class during the years of unemployment. The government is trying to sell the houses for just $1. If you want to buy such a house, it has to be your first deal on buying property(房产).
Candela, Italy
If you still have any doubts about spending $1 on a house, you should know: the government will pay you some money, if you move to Candela. In order to be paid, you need to become a permanent(永久的)citizen and have an income of $7500 per year. If moving alone, you will get $800, and if you are going with your family, the pay can be four times as much as only one person. For more information of other cities, please Click Here.
（1）Why do the authorities of Buffalo provide a house for people with 1$?
A. To improve the lives of poor people.
B. To make the city attractive at no cost.
C. To solve the problems of employment.
D. To attract people to the industrial areas.
（2）What is required to buy a house for 1 dollar in Liverpool?
A.You need to be an unemployed citizen.
B.You should live in the house for 3 years.
C.It must be your first house purchase.
D.You have to repair and decorate the house.
（3）How much money can you get if moving to Candela with a whole family?
A.$3200
B.$9600
C.$800
D.$7500
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，Bright Side在全世界很多地方做了一些研究，介绍了在哪些地方可以用1美元买房子或者免费得到房子。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Doing this, the authorities are hoping to make the city beautiful again without spending money.”可知当地政府这样做是希望不用花钱就能让这座城市再次变得美丽，也就是说让这座城市变得更具有吸引力，故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“If you want to buy such a house, it has to be your first deal on buying property（房产）",可知如果你想买这样的房子，它必须是你的第一套不动产，所以要在Liverpool花1美元买房，必须是你第一次买房，故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的”If moving alone, yo u will get $800, and if you are going with your family, the pay can be four times as much as only one person.“一个人搬去会得800美元，全家一起去得到的钱是一个人的四倍，也就是800的四倍3200，所以全家人搬去Candela会得到3200美元。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解
The Largest World Fairs of All Time
New York World Fair — New York, 1939
The 1939 New York World Fair was the largest exposition (博览会) in US history with visitors over 14 million. The Fair was planned during the Great Depression and was aimed at relieving the city from economic depression by attracting foreign investment. Major inventions to emerge (出现) at the New York World Fair included nylon fabric, a streamlined pencil sharpener, and a futuristic car city imagined by General Moiors.
Exposition liniverselle — Paris, 1900
The Exposition Universelle was one of the earliest expositions to feature multiple countries with France inviting various countries to display their technological advancements and cultural heritage. Exposition Universelle was the birthplace of many inventions that we enjoy today including escalators (自动扶梯) and talking films.
Expo' 70 — Osaka, Japan
Expo' 70 was the biggest exposition of the 20th century and the second largest in history. Expo 70 had a record attendance of over 64 million visitors, a 40-year record that would not be broken until Expo 2010 in Shanghai. Notable exhibitions included a large piece of moon rock that was brought back from the Apollo 12 mission.
Expo 2010 — Shanghai. China
Expo 2010 goes down as the largest fair in history, having attracted 73 million people. It also had the highest international participation of any exposition in the world with 246 countries participating. The opening ceremony featured the biggest LED screen in the world as well as one of the biggest fireworks displays in history.
（1）Which Expo is the biggest one in history?
A. Expo 70 — Osaka. Japan.
B. Exposition Universelle — Paris
C. Expo 2010 — Shanghai, China.
D. New York World Fair — New York
（2）What is the purpose of New York World Fair?
A. To attract more inventions.
B. To improve the nation's economy.
C. To display the technological development.
D. To share achievements with other countries.（3）What did Expo 70 in Japan feature?
A. A piece of rock from space.
B. A rocket in the Apollo 12 mission.
C. The cultural heritage from countries.
D. The biggest LED screen in the world.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了几个有史以来最大的世界博览会。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据Expo 2010 — Shanghai. China部分中的“Expo 2010 goes down as the largest fair in history”可知，2010年上海世博会是历史上规模最大的一届世博会，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据New York World Fair —New York, 1939部分中的“aimed at relieving the city from economic depression by attracting foreign investment.”可知，纽约世博会的目的是通过吸引外资来缓解国内经济萧条，也就是改善国家经济，故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据Expo' 70 — Osaka, Japan部分中的“Notable exhibitions included a large piece of moon rock that wa s brought back from the Apollo 12 mission.”可知，第70届日本世博会的特色是展出了阿波罗12号带回来的一大块月球岩石，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解
Going out guide
R&B: Melanie Fiona
Known for such songs as "It Kills Me" and "This Time," R&B singer Melanie Fiona made her first musical album(唱片) in 2009 with "The Bridge" and followed it up with "The MF Life" in 2012. A new album, "Next Train," is planned to drop this year.
8 pm, Feb. 13. Howard Theatre. 202-803-2899. $ 30—$ 59. 99.
Ballet: John Cranko's "Romeo & Juliet"
Celebrated South African choreographer (编舞者) John Cranko created the dance inspired by Shakespeare's lovers with a score by Sergei Prokofiev. The production was first performed in the
United States in 1969 and returns to the Kennedy Center under the artistic direction of Julie Kent. Feb. 14 — 18. Kennedy Genter. 202-467-4600. $ 25— $ 160.
Exhibit(展览): "Brand New: Art and Commodity (商品) in the 1980s"
This exhibit shows the commodification of art in the 1980s, when trade, art and entertainment became unclear. The exhibit shows works by 68 artists, including Jeff Koons, Barbara Kruger and Julia Wachtel.
Feb. 14 through May 13. Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden. 202-633-1000. Free
R&B: Valentine's Love Jam
R&E artists are known for some of our most beloved(喜爱的) love songs, and the performers lined up for this show are no exception. Singer-songwriters Tyrese ("Sweet Lady") and Joe ("I Wanna Know") join forces with SWV ("Weak") ,Dru Hill ("Beauty") and Next ("Wifey") for this show.
8 p. m., Feb. 17. EagleBank Arena. 703-493-4000. $ 59—$ 99.
（1）Which number should you call if you are interested in dance?
A. 703-493-4000.
B. 02-633-1000.
C. 202-467-4600.
D. 202-803-2899.（2）Where can people enjoy a free show?
A. Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden.
B. Kennedy Center.
C. EagleBank Arena.
D. Howard Theatre.
（3）When can you attend a love song concert?
A. Feb. 18.
B. Feb. 17.
C. Feb. 14.
D. Feb. 13.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了近期一些艺术活动的信息。

（1）考查细节理解。

由Ballet: John Cranko's Romeo &，Juliet部分中的“Celebrated South African choreographer John Cranko created the dance inspired by Shakespeare's lovers with a score by Sergei Prokofiev”可知，该节目以芭蕾舞的形式演出。

如果对舞蹈感兴趣的话，可以拨打电话202-467-4600来了解节目详情。

故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据Exhibit: “Brand New: Art and Commodity in the 1980s”部分中的“Feb. 14 through May 13. Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden. 202-633-1000. Free”可知，观众可以免费观看此次展览，展览的地点是Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden。

故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据R&B: Valentine's Love Jam 部分中的“R&B artists are known for some of our most bel oved love songs ”以及“ 8pm, Feb. 17 ”可知，观众可以在 2 月 17 日聆听节奏蓝调歌手们的情歌演唱会。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解
The latest data from the Office for National Statistics shows that one in every 12 kids is living in
homes where no one has worked for at least a year. That may be due to unemployment or issues such as sickness or disability that mean they can't work, and aren't required to. This is known as being in a "long term workless" family.
The issues faced by children in workless families have very bad influence on their development and education, limiting their future employment prospects, and reducing their opportunities to succeed throughout their lives.
Not only does worklessness reduce family income, it can also damage families' health and stability, and thus destroy children's development. This is because many workless families are held back by disadvantages such as debt, drug and alcohol dependency, and by homelessness. Suffering from the family problems, many children face a greater and greater possibility of repeating the poor outcomes of their parents. Government research has shown that children in workless families are almost twice as likely not to reach the expected level at all stages of their education. For example, three-quarters of children from families where no one works failed to reach the expected level at General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE), compared to around half of children in lower-income working families.
So attention should be paid to children in out-of-work homes. Having working parents means a child is more likely to do better at school, to have better health, education and development, and also means they are less likely to fall into crime.
But for some families, worklessness, or not employment, is the norm. They just choose not to work. These families often face huge barriers to getting on with their lives but they take the opportunities offered by the society. Parents' ability to work is frustrated by issues like low skills or poor mental or physical health, or drug and alcohol dependency, leaving children without the stability they need.
We all want to help workless families with complex problems so that their children can take advantage of the opportunities in Britain. We all want parents to have the chance to go out to earn a living and to enjoy the pleasure of work, so that their children can benefit from the good examples of working parents. In doing so, we should know the need to understand the complex issues that some families face and to develop a new approach to deal with poverty. Because the root causes are not financial. It is about helping families overcome the problems they face so that they can go as far as their talents and hard work will take them. We shouldn't retreat from acting to deal with disadvantages, because we know the costs of inaction to individuals, communities and society.
（1）According to the author, children in workless families may .
A. have better performance at school
B. take chances to go out to earn a living
C. be more able to deal with their problems
D. live the same lifestyles that their parents had （2）The underlined word "norm" in the fifth paragraph probably means .
A. a huge barrier
B. a turning point
C. a typical standard
D. an unusual event （3）In the last paragraph the author mainly talked about .
A. raising of social welfare
B. solutions to the problems
C. development of the society
D. reforming of the government
（4）The main purpose of the passage is to .
A. introduce a study on children in workless families
B. appeal to the readers to help children in workless families
C. present a new approach to deal with poverty of workless families
D. compare children's performances in workless families and low-income ones
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）B
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，就家庭成员没有工作的状况会给孩子在学习，就业和生活上带来负面影响这一问题进行了讨论。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的"Suffering from the family problems, many children face a greater and greater possibility of repeating the poor outcomes of their parents."很多遭遇家庭孩子更有可能重蹈父母的覆辙，可知，这些孩子很有可能过和父母一样的生活。

故选D。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第四段中的“But for some families, worklessness, or not employment, is the norm.”但是对于一些家庭来说，失业和不就业是一个典型的例子。

联系上文可知，一般的失业家庭是因为疾病，就业压力等外部原因。

但此处提到的家庭是"they just choose not work"自己选择不工作,所以这种家庭是典型例子。

故选C。

（3）考查段落大意。

根据最后一段中的“ In doing so, we should know the need to understand the complex issues that some families face and to develop a new approach to deal with poverty. Because the root causes are not financial. It is about helping families overcome the problems they face so that they can go as far as t heir talents and hard work will take them”在这样做的时候，我们应该知道有必要了解一些家庭面临的复杂问题，并制定一种处理贫穷问题的新办法。

因为根本原因不是经济原因。

它是帮助家庭克服他们所面临的问题，使他们能够尽其所能地发挥他们的才能并努力工作。

可知，本段主要讲帮助那些失业家庭的方法。

故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“We all want to help workless families with complex problems so that their children can take advantage of the opportunities in Britain. We all want parents to have the chance to go out to earn a living and to enjoy the pleasure of work, so that their children can benefit from the good examples of working parents.”我们想要帮助情况复杂的"无就业"家庭，这样他们的孩子就可以利用在英国的机会。

我们想要父母出去挣钱，享受工作的乐趣，这样孩子也可以从父母的榜样中受益，表达了想帮助这些家庭的强烈愿望，和殷切希望。

所以短文的目的是呼吁读者帮助无就业家庭的孩子。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解
If spending is a measure of what matters, then the people of the developing world place a high value on brains. While private spending on education has not changed much in the rich world in the past ten years, in China and India it has more than doubled. Since brainpower is the primary
generator of progress, this burst of enthusiasm for investing in private education is excellent news for the world. But not everybody is delighted. Because private education increases inequality, some governments are trying to stop its advance. That's wrong: they should welcome it, and spread its benefits more widely.
① Education used to be provided by religious institutions or entrepreneurs. But when governments, starting in Prussia in the 18th century, got into the business of nation-building, they realized they could use education to shape young minds. As state systems grew, private schooling was left to the elite and the pious(虔诚的). Now it is enjoying popularity again, for several reasons. Incomes are rising, especially among the better off, at the same time as birth rates are falling. In China the former one-child policy means that six people—two parents and four grandparents—can pour money into educating a single child.
② All over the developing world, people want more or better education tha n governments provide. Where cities are growing at unmanageable speed, the private education is taking up the slack. In India the private education now educates nearly half of all children, in Pakistan more than a third, and in both countries the state education is shrinking. Even where the state does pretty well, as in East Asia, richer people still want better schooling for their children than the masses get. Thus, Vietnam, which has an outstanding state-school system for a poor country, measured by its performance in the OECD's PISA test, also has the fastest-growing private education.
③ In most ways, this is an excellent thing, because the world is getting more and better schooling.
In rich countries, once the background and ability of the children who attend private schools are taken into account, their exams results are about the same as those in the state education. But in developing countries private schools are better—and much more efficient. A study of eight Indian states found that, in terms of learning outcomes per rupee, private schools were between
1.5 times and 29 times more cost-effective than state schools.
④ They tend to sort children by income, herding richer ones towards better schools that will enhance their already superior life chances. That is one reason why many governments are troubled by their rise.
Governments are right to worry about private education's contribution to inequality, but they are wrong to discourage its growth. Governments should instead focus on improving the public education by mimicking(模仿) the private education's virtues. Freedom from independent management is at the root of its superior performance and greater efficiency. Governments should therefore do their best to give school principals more freedom to innovate and to fire underperforming teachers.
To spread the benefit of private schools more widely, governments should work with them, paying for education through vouchers(代金券) which children can spend in private schools. And vouchers should be limited to students in non-selective schools that do not charge top-up fees; otherwise governments will find themselves helping the better off and increasing inequality.
The world faces plenty of problems. Governments should stop behaving as though private education were one of them. It will, rather, increase the chances of finding solutions.
（1）What do we know about private education?
A. More developed countries enjoy it.
B. It attracts more and more investment.
C. Public education will replace it in the future.
D. It has helped governments to remove inequality.
（2）What does the underlined phrase "taking up the slack" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Filling the gap.
B. Setting the place.
C. Breaking the balance.
D. Avoiding the risk.
（3）Why has private education been developing rapidly in Vietnam?
A. The population in Vietnam is shrinking dramatically.
B. Its state education is worse than other developing countries.
C. Some people want better education for their children than others.
D. The government intends private education to shape young minds.
（4）The sentence "But private schools also increase inequality." can be put in .
A. ①
B. ②
C. ③
D. ④（5）What does the author advise governments to do?
A. Train school principals.
B. Sell vouchers to children.
C. learn from private education.
D. Fire underperforming teachers.
（6）What's the author's opinion about private education?
A. Private education should be based on state education.
B. Private education should be targeted at well-off families.
C. Governments should prevent the spread of private education.
D. Governments should celebrate the popularity of private education.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
（5）C
（6）D
【解析】【分析】本文主要论述私人教育在发达国家不重视，但是发展中国家大受欢迎，有些人对私人教育的发展不高兴，他们认为私人教育加剧了不公平性，有些政府甚至阻止其发展，针对这个现象，作者提出了看法：这种做法是错误的。

人们应该欢迎私人教育，并广泛地传播它的好处。

（1）细节理解题。

文中原文"this burst of enthusiasm for investing in private education is excellent news for the world."因此答案选择B。

私人教育吸引了越来越多的投资。

但是私立教育加剧了不平等，因此D选项错误。

私人教育与公立教育并存，所以答案C错误。

更多的发展中国家出现了正在受益，所以A也错误。

故选B。

（2）词义猜测题。

对划线单词进行三句读,"Where cities are growing at unmanageable speed, the private education is taking up the slack. In India the private education now educates nearly half of all children, in Pakistan more than a third, and in both countries the state education is shrinking."印度私人教育现在教育了将近一半的儿童，在巴基斯坦超过三分之一。

公立教育。