2016年职称英语卫生类C级阅读判断专项测试及答案解析

第⼀篇
Black Holes
Most scientists agree that black holes exist but are nearly impossible to locate. A black hole in the universe is not a solid object, like a planet, but it is shaped like a sphere (球体). Astronomers(天⽂学家) think that at the center of a black hole there is a single point in space with infinite (⽆限的) density (稠密). This single point is called a singularity (奇点). If the singularity theory is correct, it means that when a massive star collapses, all the material in it disappears into the singularity. The center of a black hole would not really be a hole at all, but an infinitely dense point.
Anything that crosses the black hole is pulled in by its great gravity.
Although black holes do exist, they are difficult to observe. These are the reasons.
No light or anything else comes out of black holes. As a result, they are invisible to a telescope.
In astronomical terms, black holes are truly. For example, a black hole formed by the collapse of a giant star would have an event horizon (视界) only 18 miles across.
The nearest black holes would be dozens of light years away from Earth. One light year is about 6 trillion (万亿) miles. Even the most powerful telescopes could not pick out an object so small at such a great distance.
In 1994 the Hubble Space Telescope provided evidence that black holes exist. There are still answers to be found, however, so black holes remain one of the mysteries of the universe.
1. Black holes are part of space.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
2. Black holes exist but are difficult to observe.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
3. The center of a black hole is empty.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
4. The attraction of two large stars leads to gravity.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
5. The sun is the heaviest star in the universe.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
6. The nearest black holes are hundreds of light years away from us.
A. Right
7. The Hubble Space Telescope helps scientists to understand the nature of the universe.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
第⼆篇
The Race into Space
American millionaire Dennis Tito will always be famous. He was the first tourist in space. "Ispent sixty years on Earth and eight days in space and from my viewpoint, it was two separate lives," Tito explained. He loved his time in space. "Being in space and looking back at earth is one of the most rewarding experiences a human being can have."
This kind of experience isn't cheap. It cost $20 million. However, Tito achieved his dream, so he was happy. "For me it was a life dream. It was a dream that began when I didn't have any money," he told reporters.
On 30 April 2002, Mark Shuttleworth became the world's second space tourist. Shuttleworth is a South African Businessman. At the age of twenty-eight. He also paid $20 million for the eight-day trip.
Both Tito and Shuttleworth bought their tickets from a company called Space Adventures. The company has around 100 people already on their waiting list for flights into space. The spaceship to take them doesn't exist yet.
Many of the customers are people who like adventure.They are the kind of people who also want to climb Mount Qomolangma. Other customers are people who love space. However, these people are worded. Because it's so expensive, only very rich people Can go into space. They want space travel to be available to more people.
That day may soon here. Inter Orbital Systems (IOS) plans to send up to four tourists a week into space. The tours will depart from an island in Tonga. The company promises a package that includes forty-five days of astronaut training in Russia and Califomi, seven days in space, and a vacation in Tonga for $2 million.
However, space flight is still very dangerous. Bill Readdy is NASA's deputy assistant for space flight. He says that the chances of dying are about 1 in 500. Because of this it may administrator time before space tourism really takes off. You might be able to go up, but will you come down?
1. Dennis Tito was the first tourist in space.
A.,Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
2. Mark Shuttleworth is an engineer from the United States.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
3. Both Tito and Shuttleworth have climbed Mount Qomolangma.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
4. Space Adventures has about 100 customers waiting for their travel into space.
A. Right
5. Space Adventures already has a spaceship.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
6, IOS will send its tourists into space from Tonga.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
7. Bill Readdy thinks that space flight is very dangerous.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
答案与解析
第⼀篇
1． A。

题⼲：⿊洞是太空的⼀部分。

利⽤space回到原⽂定位，很容易找到⽂中⾸段第三句和第⼆段第⼀句都有⼀致的信息。

因此选择A。

2． A。

题⼲：⿊洞是存在的但是不容易被观察到。

题⼲中的关键词为difficult，⽤它回到原⽂定位，在⾸句能找到difficult 的近义词impossible。

⾸句的意思是，⿊洞确实存在，但很难定位(locate)，与题意信息相符，故选A。

3． B。

题⼲：⿊洞的中⼼是空的。

⽤中⼼词the center来定位，⾸段倒数第⼆句有答案：其中⼼不是⼀个洞，由此证明中⼼不是空的，因此选择B。

4． C。

题⼲：两颗⼤星体的相互吸引产⽣重⼒。

⽤数字two和中⼼词gravity(吸引⼒)回到原⽂定位，⽂章并没有相关信息。

故选择C。

5． c。

题⼲：太阳是宇宙最重的星体。

⽤中⼼词the sun回到原⽂定位，⽂章并未提及与太阳相关的信息。

因此选择C。

6． B。

题⼲：离我们最近的⿊洞有⼏百光年远。

⽤中⼼词nearest定位，原⽂倒数第⼆段有相关信息。

但原⽂说的是“最近的⿊洞离地球有⼏⼗光年(dozens)远”，⽽不是
“hundreds”。

因此选择B。

7． A。

题⼲：Hubble太空望远镜帮助⼈们了解宇宙的本质。

由专有名词the Hubble Space Telescope回到原⽂定位，不难发现相关信息在最后⼀段。

原⽂信息与题⼲信息是⼀致的。

故选A。

第⼆篇
1． A。

题⼲：Dennis Tito是第⼀位太空旅⾏者。

由专有名词Dennis Tito定位，这是第⼀题，因此回到⽂章第⼀段，找到相关旬。

第⼀段介绍了美国富豪Dennis Tito作为第⼀位太空游客的经历。

因此，本题的答案为A。

2． B。

题⼲：Mark Shuttleworth是来⾃美国的⼯程师。

⽤⼈名Mark ShuRleworth回到原⽂定位，⽂章第三段指出Mark Shuttleworth是⼀位南⾮商⼈。

因此，本题与⽂章内容不符。

答案为B。

3． c。

题⼲：Tito和Shuttlewolth都攀登过珠穆朗玛峰。

⽂章没有涉及⼆⼈攀登珠穆朗玛峰的信息。

因此答案为C。

4． A。

题⼲：太空冒险活动有⼤约100名顾客在等着太空旅⾏。

⽤数字100回到⽂中定位，发现⽂章第四段第⼆句提到：“这家公司已有⼀百多⼈在等待飞往太空的名单上登记。

”
本句与⽂章内容相符，因此，答案为A。

5． B。

题⼲：太空探险公司已经拥有⼀架宇宙飞船。

由中⼼名词spaceship回到⽂章定位，⽂章第四段最后指出：“⽽携带他们的宇宙飞船还没出现。

”因此，答案为B。

6． A。

题⼲：IOS将从Tonga发送旅客进⼊太空。

⽤地名Tonga回到原⽂定位，⽂章第六段谈到了太空轨道传送公司的计划，指出进⼊太空的旅⾏将从Tonga(汤加群岛)的⼀个岛屿出发。

本题与⽂章内容相符。

因此答案为A。

7． A。

题⼲：Bill Readdy认为太空飞⾏是⾮常危险的。

⽤⼈名Bill Readdy回到原⽂定位，⽂章最后⼀段提到太空旅⾏依然是⾮常危险的，接着Bill Readdy还指出太空旅⾏的死亡率是1／500，正是由于这⼀点，也许太空旅⾏真正启程尚需时⽇。

因此可知本题与⽂章内容相符，故答案为A。