冲刺2024年高考英语真题重组卷04

冲刺2024年高考英语真题重组卷（北京专用）
真题重组卷04
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。

用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。

将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。

2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。

3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁：考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。

本试卷共19页，共100分。

考试时长90分钟。

第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

（2023·北京房山·统考一模）I glanced to my left and right as I got ready at the starting line. The sight of
1．A．tired B．confused C．nervous D．regretful
2．A．joy B．might C．trouble D．shame
3．A．attempt B．hesitate C．wait D．pretend
4．A．organize B．evaluate C．appreciate D．plete
5．A．defeated B．inspired C．shocked D．relaxed
6．A．waved B．extended C．showed D．pointed
7．A．proudly B．cautiously C．awkwardly D．gratefully
8．A．moved B．fell C．bent D．looked
9．A．partnership B．sportsmanship C．leadership D．friendship
10．A．anger B．doubt C．need D．silence
【答案】
1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．C
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。

讲述了作者在一次跑步比赛中，摔倒了，膝盖的疼痛让作者无法继续前进。

就在作者感到绝望时，旁边的选手停下来，搀扶着作者走向终点线。

这让作者很是感动，并会永远记住这个在他需要帮助时，及时向他伸出援助之手的人。

1．考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：看着旁边充满自信且表情凶神恶煞的其他竞争者，我感到浑身起鸡皮疙瘩，我比之前更加紧张。

A. tired疲惫的；B. confused困惑的；C. nervous紧张的；D. regretful后悔的。

根据前文“The sight of other petitors who had confident and fiercelooking faces got me goose bumps”可知，此处指作者看着旁边的人充满自信感到更加紧张，故选C。

2．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：我用尽全身力气向前冲，尽管后面一群吃人的狮子紧跟在我后面。

A. joy高兴，喜悦；B. might强大力量，威力；C. trouble困难；D. shame羞愧。

根据后文“and started running”可知，此处指我用尽全身强大的力量先前冲，故选B。

3．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：一百双眼睛盯着我看，看我努力试图爬起来。

A. attempt企图，努力；B. hesitate 犹豫；C. wait等待；D. pretend假装。

根据前文“All of a sudden, I fell down on my knees.”可知，此处指我在赛跑时摔倒了，故努力试图爬起来，故填A。

4．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：我心里想：“不，不能就这样结束了。

我必须完成这次比赛”。

A. organize组织；B. evaluate评估，评价；C. appreciate欣赏，感激；D. plete完成。

根据前文“No, it cannot end like this.”可知，此处指不能就这样结束，我必须完成这次比赛，故选D。

5．考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：但是，我膝盖上的疼痛如此无法忍受，以至于我感觉很泄气。

A. defeated 泄气的，受挫的；B. inspired受到鼓舞的；C. shocked震惊的；D. relaxed放松的。

根据上文“However, the pain
from my injury was so unbearable ”以及后文“I really wanted to give up.”可知，此处指我想放弃，因此我是感觉很泄气的，故选A。

6．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：就在这时，一个善良的竞争者向我伸出了手。

A. waved挥手；B. extended延伸，伸出；C. showed展示；D. pointed指向。

根据后文“as I grabbed her hand and she pulled me up”可知，此处指她向我伸出手，故选B。

7．考查副词词义辨析。

句意：当我抓住她的手，她把我拉起来的时候，我感激地说着“谢谢你”。

A. proudly 骄傲地；B. cautiously谨慎地；C. awkwardly尴尬地；D. gratefully感激地。

根据前文“a kind petitor 6 her hand to me.”可知，此处指我很感激那个向我伸出手的竞争者，因此是感激地说着谢谢，故选D。

8．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：她把肩膀借给我支撑，我向前移动。

A. moved移动；B. fell摔，落；C. bent 弯腰；D. looked看。

根据后文“Together, both of us crossed the finishing line.”可知，此处指我支撑着她的肩膀，向终点线移动，故选A。

9．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：观众为这种杰出的体育精神而欢呼。

A. partnership合伙，合作关系；B. sportsmanship体育精神；C. leadership领导才能；D. friendship友谊。

根据前文“Together, both of us crossed the finishing line.”可知，此处指我在比赛中摔倒了，旁边的人扶着我走向终点，这是一种体育精神，故选B。

10．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：尽管我不知道她的名字，但我将永远记得她，因为她是在我有需要时，走上前来帮助我的那个人。

A. anger怒气；B. doubt疑惑；C. need需要；D. silence沉默。

根据前文“Out of despair, I gazed up at the finishing line. Just then, a kind petitor 6her hand to me.”可知，此处指她在我需要帮助时，向我伸出了援助之手，故选C。

第二节（共10小题；每小题分，共15分）
A
（2022·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly 11 (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. It’s easy to explain how we determine 12 smells are dangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally 13 (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger.
【答案】11．supported 12．whether 13．has
【导语】这是一篇说明文。

介绍的是人们更喜欢一些味道而不是其它的味道的一个原因，是因为人们对气味的偏好是习得的，这个理论也是越来越多地被专家支持的。

11．考查非谓语动词。

句意：被专家越来越多地支持的一个理论表明气味的偏好是习得的。

分析句子结构可知，空格处的动词做非谓语，结合空格后的by experts可判断出该处意为“被专家们支持”，所以空格处应用过去分词表被动。

故填supported。

12．考查宾语从句的引导词。

句意：解释我们怎样确定气味是不是危险的是容易的：我们学习到的。

分析句子结构可知，空格前的determine为及物动词，空格后是主+系+表的句子结构，所以空格处的词用来引导宾语从句。

再结合句意及空格后句子中的or not可知，此处考查whether…or not的搭配。

故填whether。

13．考查主谓一致。

句意：气体本来没有可识别的味道。

分析句子结构可知空格处的动词作谓语，本句话是在陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时态，且主语gas在本文中指的是气体的统称，为不可数名词，所以谓语动词要用单三形式。

故填has。

B
（2020·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A piece of stone 14 (find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. The Neanderthals 15 （live）alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago. They were much stronger than modern humans, but it's long been assumed that human ancestors were 16 （smart）than the Neanderthals. However, the stone tool made by Neanderthals suggests otherwise.
【答案】14．found 15．lived/had lived/had been living 16．smarter
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。

主要介绍了在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明已经灭绝的人类亲戚尼安德特人比我们之前认为的更聪明。

14．考查非谓语动词。

句意：在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明，我们已经灭绝的人类亲戚尼安德特人比我们之前认为的更聪明。

句子的谓语为suggests，设空处在句中作非谓语和逻辑主语之间是逻辑的被动关系。

故答案为found。

15．考查动词的时态和语态。

句意：尼安德特人与人类祖先一起在欧洲生活了数万年，直到大约4万年前灭绝。

设空处在句中作谓语，结合句意，此处是指在灭绝之前一直生活了数万年。

设空处的动作发生在灭绝之前，结合时间状语for tens of thousands of years。

故应用过去完成时态或者过去完成进行时态；又因动作发生在过去，强调过去发生的动作，也可用一般过去时。

故答案为lived/had lived/had been living。

16．考查形容词的比较级。

句意：但长期以来，人们一直认为人类祖先比尼安德特人更聪明。

设空处前为were设空处应用形容词，设空处后的than表示比较，应用比较级。

故答案为smarter。

C
（2023·北京·统考高考真题）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Nina has run marathons in 32 countries. All of her runs have a guiding purpose: to call attention 17 global water issues. Nina recently finished her yearlong series of runs in Chicago, 18 thousands were attending a water conference.She called for action 19 (address)the struggles of people around the world 20 (face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called“Run Blue”.
【答案】17．to 18．where 19．to address 20．facing
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。

尼娜在32个国家跑过马拉松。

她所有的跑步活动都有一个目的：呼吁人们关注全球水资源问题。

最近，尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动，数千人在那里参加了一个水会议。

她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。

她的努力鼓励其他人参与到一场名为“蓝色奔跑”的全球运动中来。

17．考查介词。

句意：她所有的跑步活动都有一个指导目的：呼吁人们关注全球水资源问题。

表示“关注”短语为call attention to。

故填to。

18．考查定语从句。

句意：最近，尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动，数千人在那里参加了一个水会议。

非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Chicago，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。

19．考查非谓语动词。

句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。

分析句子结构可知address在句中作目的状语，故用不定式。

故填to address。

20．考查非谓语动词。

句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。

分析句子结构可知face与逻辑主语people构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语，故填facing。

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A
（2022·北京·高考真题）Peer ( 同伴) Assisted Study Sessions (PASS) is a peerfacilitated learning programme available to students enrolled ( 注册) in most core units of study in our business school.
PASS involves weekly sessions where you work in groups to tackle specially prepared problem sets, based around a unit of study you’re enrolled in.
PASS doesn’t reteach or deliver new content. It’s an opportunity to deepen your understanding of the key
points from lecture materials while you are applying your skills to solve problems.
You work interactively with your peers. As a peer group, you decide what is covered in each session. That way, PASS directly responds to your needs and feedback.
Registration in Term 2 will open at 9 am, 21 September 2022.
Waiting lists
If a session is full, you can register for the waiting list. We will email you if a place bees available or if a new session is to be held.
When you are placed on a waiting list, we will email you a number which tells you where you are on the list. If you are close to the front of the list, you have a good chance of gaining a place in the programme in the near future.
Deregistering
If you miss two PASS sessions in a row, you will be deregistered and your place will be given to someone on the waiting list. Make sure you fill in the attendance sheet at each session to record your attendance.
You’ll be informed by email if you are being deregistered as a result of missing sessions. If you believe you have received the email in error, email the PASS office at*******************..
21．In PASS, students ________.
A．attend new lectures B．decide their own schedules
C．prepare problem sets in groups D．use their skills to solve problems
22．What can students do if a session is full?
A．Fill in the attendance sheet.B．Sign up for the waiting list.
C．Report their needs and feedback.D．Email the office their numbers on the list.
23．Students will be deregistered if ________.
A．they send emails in error B．they fail to work interactively
C．they give their places to others D．they miss two sessions in a row
【答案】21．D 22．B 23．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。

主要介绍了同伴辅助学习课程(PASS)。

21．细节理解题。

根据第三段“It’s an opportunity to deepen your understanding of the key points from lecture materials while you are applying your skills to solve problems.（这是一个机会，在你运用技能解决问题的同时，加深你对课堂材料关键点的理解。

）”可知，在同伴辅助学习课程中，学生运用技能解决问题。

故选D。

22．细节理解题。

根据Waiting lists部分“If a session is full, you can register for the waiting list.（如果课程满
员，您可以注册等待列表。

）”可知，如果某一课程满员，可以注册等待列表。

故选B。

23．细节理解题。

根据Deregistering部分“If you miss two PASS sessions in a row, you will be deregistered and your place will be given to someone on the waiting list.（如果您连续错过两次课程，您将被取消注册，你的位置将分配给等待名单上的某个人。

）”可知，如果学生连续错过两次课程，将被取消注册。

故选D。

B
（2019·北京·高考真题）Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur(创业者), who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. By the time she was 13, her pany was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a supersweet treat that could save kids’ teeth, instead of destroying them.
It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, “Why can’t I make a healthy candy that’s good for my teeth so that my parents can’t say no to it?” With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy pany. He remended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.
With her dad’s permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and toothfriendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.
Moore then used her savings to get her business off the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moore’s product—CanCandy.
As CanCandy’s success grows, so does Moore’s credibility as a young entrepreneur. Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she’s also positive about what the future might bring. She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.
Meanwhile, with her parents’ help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she founded her pany early on in life, she wasn’t driven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 10% of AilicCandy’s profits to Big Smiles. With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.
24．How did Moore react to her dad’s warning?
A．She argued with him.B．She tried to find a way out.
C．She paid no attention.D．She chose to consult dentists.
25．What is special about CanCandy?
A．It is beneficial to dental health.B．It is free of sweeteners.
C．It is sweeter than other candies.D．It is produced to a dentists’ recipe.
26．What does Moore expect from her business?
A．To earn more money.B．To help others find smiles.
C．To make herself stand out.D．To beat other candy panies.
27．What can we learn from Alice Moore’s story?
A．Fame is a great thirst of the young.
B．A youth is to be regarded with respect.
C．Positive thinking and action result in success.
D．Success means getting personal desires satisfied
【答案】24．B 25．A 26．B 27．C
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。

文章主要讲述了Alice Moore，一个年轻有为的创业者的故事，故事告诉我们：积极的思考和行动会带来成功。

24．推理判断题。

根据第二段的But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, “Why can’t I make a healthy candy that’s good for my teeth so that my parents can’t say no to it?”及下文她想方设法最终制作出了叫CanCandy的糖果可知，她对父亲的警告的反应是：她试图找到一条出路，解决问题。

故选B。

25．细节理解题。

根据第三段的Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.可知，这种糖只使用天然甜味剂，可以减少口腔细菌，因此它对牙齿有利。

故选A。

26．细节理解题。

根据最后一段的Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles.可知，Moore想用她独特的才能帮助其他人找到自己的笑容。

故选B。

27．推理判断题。

文章主要讲述了Moor的创业故事，她之所以能成功，源于面对问题和困难时，她乐观地看待问题，积极地想方设法去解决问题。

因此，通过她的故事让我们懂得积极的思考和行动会带来成功。

故选C。

C
（2021·北京·高考真题）Hundreds of scientists, writers and academics sounded a warning to humanity in an open letter published last December: Policymakers and the rest of us must engage openly with the risk of global collapse. Researchers in many areas have projected the widespread collapse as “a credible scenario(情景) this century”.
A survey of scientists found that extreme weather events, food insecurity, and freshwater shortages might
create global collapse. Of course, if you are a nonhuman species, collapse is well underway.
The call for public engagement with the unthinkable is especially germane in this moment of stilluncontrolled pandemic and economic crises in the world's most technologically advanced nations. Not very long ago, it was also unthinkable that a virus would shut down nations and that safety nets would be proven so disastrously lacking in flexibility.
The international scholars’ warning letter doesn't say exactly what collapse will look like or when it might happen. Collapseology, the study of collapse, is more concerned with identifying trends and with them the dangers of everyday civilization. Among the signatories(签署者) of the warning was Bob Johnson, the originator of the “ecological footprint” concept, which measures the total amount of environmental input needed to maintain a given lifestyle. With the current footprint of humanity, “it seems that global collapse is certain to happen in some form, possibly within a decade, certainly within this century,” Johnson said in an email.
“Only if we discuss the consequences of our biophysical limits,” the December warning letter says, “can we have the hope to reduce their speed, severity and harm”. And yet messengers of the ing disturbance are likely to be ignored. We all want to hope things will turn out fine. As a poet wrote,
Man is a victim of dope(麻醉品)
In the incurable form of hope.
The hundreds of scholars who signed the letter are intent(执着) on quieting hope that ignores preparedness. “Let's look directly into the issue of collapse,” they say, “and deal with the terrible possibilities of what we see there to make the best of a troubling future.”
28．What does the underlined word “germane” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Scientific.B．Credible.
C．Original.D．Relevant.
29．As for the public awareness of global collapse, the author is________.
A．worried B．puzzled
C．surprised D．scared
30．What can we learn from this passage?
A．The signatories may change the biophysical limits.
B．The author agrees with the message of the poem.
C．The issue of collapse is being prioritized.
D．The global collapse is well underway.
【答案】28．D 29．A 30．B
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章阐述了全球崩塌（global collapse）的概念。

数百名科学家、作家和学者在去年12月发表的一封公开信中向全人类发出了警告：政策制定者和我们每个人必须直面“全球崩塌”的风险。

文章具体阐释了学者们对这一概念的定义、理解和它的现实意义。

28．词义猜测题。

根据该词所在的具体语境，第三段第一句“The call for public engagement with the unthinkable is especially germane in this moment of stilluncontrolled pandemic and economic crises in the world's most technologically advanced nations.”（呼吁公众对世界不确定性的关注，尤其与此时此刻的情况密切相关：此时此刻，在世界上技术最先进的国家，仍处于无法控制流行病和经济危机的泥潭中），下文也提到，一场病毒肆虐，一个国家社会停止了运转，大流行无法控制，经济下行，这样的事情在不久之前都是无法想象，不可思议（unthinkable）的，即世界充满了不确定性。

而此时此刻呼吁人们对这种unthinkable加以关注，正是和此时此刻的世界实况密切相关。

A. Scientific科学的；B. Credible可信的，可靠的；C. Original原来的，原创的；D. Relevant相关的，有重大关系的。

根据上面的分析，仅有D符合语境，故选D。

29．推理判断题。

本题要求判断作者的情感态度，根据原文第五段“yet messengers of the ing disturbance are likely to be ignored. We all want to hope things will turn out fine.”（然而未来崩溃的先行信号很可能被忽略，我们都希望事情在未来会变好）和倒数最后一段的呼吁，例如“Let's look directly into the issue of collapse,” they say, “and deal with the terrible possibilities of what we see there to make the best of a troubling future.”（他们说，“让我们直面全球崩塌的议题，真正去解决我们看到的可能的糟糕情况，以便使未来没那么糟。

”）可知，作者认为公众对“全球崩塌”的重视意识不够，比较担心，A. worried担忧的；B. puzzled困惑的，茫然的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. scared害怕的，综合以上的分析，可见作者对此是“担忧的”，故选A。

30．推理判断题。

原文诗歌“Man is a victim of dope; In the incurable form of hope.”（人类是麻醉品的受害者；沉迷于无可救药的幻想中）表达的是，人类无视未来全球崩塌的巨大危险，把头埋进沙子里，假装不知道，充满不切实际的幻想和希望。

而诗歌前面的段落就提到“yet messengers of the ing disturbance are likely to be ignored. We all want to hope things will turn out fine.”（然而未来崩溃的先行信号很可能被忽略，我们都希望事情在未来会变好），结合上下文，这里指的是人们都幻想着未来就会变好。

诗歌之后的最后一段则提到执着于“quieting hope that ignores preparedness.”（掐灭不做准备的空有幻想），接着又借学者之口，提到“Let's look directly into the issue of collapse,” they say, “and deal with the terrible possibilities of what we see there to make the best of a troubling future.”（他们说，“让我们直面全球崩塌的议题，真正去解决我们看到的可能的糟糕情况，以便使未来没那么糟。

”）可见，上下文一脉相承，表达相同的一方观点，未对另一方的观点有任何呈现，理解文章后可知，作者有明显的态度倾向，作者对于这首诗表达的信息是赞同的，故选B。

D
（2019·北京·高考真题）By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.
At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物) called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean’s appearance.
Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean’s warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.
Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT’s Center for Global Change Science, built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3℃, it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could bee even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener. “Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing. ” she said, “but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”
And why does that matter? Phytoplankton are the base of the food web. If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean, Dutkiewicz said, “it will change the type of fish that will be able to survive.” Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain.
Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the ing decades will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable, but they could mean significant changes. “It’ll be a while before we can statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change,” Dutkiewicz said, “but the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet.”
31．What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?
A．The various patterns at the ocean surface.
B．The cause of the changes in ocean colour.
C．The way light reflects off marine organisms.
D．The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.
32．What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Sensitive.B．Beneficial.C．Significant.D．Unnoticeable.
33．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.
B．Dutkiewicz’s model aims to project phytoplankton changes.
C．Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate.
D．Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.
34．What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes.
B．To analyse the position of the ocean food chain.
C．To explain the effects of climate change on oceans.
D．To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton.
【答案】31．B 32．A 33．D 34．C
【分析】本文为一篇说明文。

一项最新研究表明，由于气候变暖，世界海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。

这一现象的原因是因为一种叫做浮游植物的微小海洋微生物，因为光线反射的作用，它们在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案，现在浮游植物受到海洋变暖趋势的影响，让浮游植物的生长更加旺盛，所以海洋相应会变得更蓝、更绿。

31．主旨大意题。

根据第一段By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.可知，一项新的研究表明，到本世纪末，由于气候变暖，如果不尽快的话，世界上的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。

结合第二段At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物) called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton.可知，这种现象的核心是一种叫做浮游植物的微小海洋微生物，在光线的作用下在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案。

海洋的颜色从绿色到蓝色不等，这取决于海洋的类型和浮游植物浓度。

由此可推断出这两段主要叙述了海洋生物是海洋颜色变化的原因。

故选B。

32．猜测词义题。

根据划线词后的Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.可知，气候变暖会改变海洋的主要特征，并会影响浮游植物的生长。

由此可判断，浮游植物很容易受到海洋变暖趋势的影响，也就是很敏感。

故A项正确。

33．推理判断题。

根据第四段The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could bee even
bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener.可知，Dutkiewicz的模型预测，目前只有少量浮游植物的蓝色区域可能会变得更蓝。

但是在一些水域，比如北极，气候变暖会使浮游植物的生长条件更加成熟，而这些水域会变得更绿了。

由此可推断，浮游植物的生长条件更加成熟，浮游动植物就更多了，这些水域会变得更绿了。

故D项正确。

34．主旨大意题。

第一段提出文章的主旨By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.可知，一项新的研究表明，到本世纪末，由于气候变暖，如果不尽快的话，世界上的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿，接下来详细讲述了原因。

故C项正确。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

（2022·北京·高考真题）Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various
diseases.
36 We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body. Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses. 37 This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy. It means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic conditions we live in.
It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness. 38 For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age groups and we must do them according to our own health and age.
Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases. 39 This, in turn, gives us new goals of health and fitness.
A．Fitness levels decide the quality of life.
B．Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.
C．It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.
D．For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.
E．If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner.
F．There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.。