(练习题)现在完成时和过去完成时专项练习

一、单项选择。

1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _________what's happened to him.
A. knew
B. have known
C. must know
D.will know
2、He has _______ been to Shanghai, has he ?
A. already
B.never
C.ever
D. still
3、Have you met Mr Li ______？
A. just
B. ago
C.before
D. a moment ago
4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year.
A. is writing
B.was writing
C.wrote
D.has written
5、—Our country ______ a lot so far.
—Yes. I hope it will be even ______.
A. has changed ; well
B. changed ; good
C. has changed ; better
D. changed ; better
6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years.
A. was ; studying
B. will ; study
C. has ; studied
D. are ; studying
7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl.
A. Know
B. had known
C. have known
D. knew
8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice.
A. will see
B. have seen
C. Saw
D.see
9、—These farmers have been to the United States.
—Really ? When _____ there ?
A. will they go
B. did they go
C. do they go
D. have they gone
10、—______ you ___ your homework yet?
—Yes . I _____ it a moment ago.
A. Did; do; finished
B. Have; done; finished
C. Have; done; have finished
D. will; do; finish
11、His father ______ the Party since 1978.
A. Joined
B. has joined
C. was in
D. has been in
12、—Do you know him well ?
— Sure.We _________ friends since ten years ago.
A. were
B. have been
C. have become
D. have made
13、—How long have you ____ here?
—About two months.
A. been
B. gone
C. come
D. arrived
14、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes.
A. has begun
B. had begun
C. has been on
D. began
15、It _____ ten years since he left the army.
A. is
B. has
C. will
D. was
16、Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library.
A.has gone
B. went
C.will go
D. has been
17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years.
A. have been in
B. have been to
C. have gone to
D. have been
18、The students have cleaned the classroom,_____?
A. so they
B. don’t they
C. have they
D. haven’t they
19、_____has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he ____ to China?
A. How soon, comes
B. How often, got
C. How long, came
D. How far, arrived
20、His uncle ____ for more than 9 years.
A. has come here
B. has started to work
C. has lived there
D. has left the university
二、句型转换。

1、He has never surfed, _____ ________?（改成反意疑问句）
2、They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问)
______ __________have they been here?
3、The old man _________ last year. He _____ _______for a year. (die)
4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换)
This factory ______ ________ ________ for twenty years.
5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)
Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.
6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）
Her mother _______ the Party three years ________ .
7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换)
_______ two years ________ the Green family moved to France.
8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子)
___________________________________________
2. 选择填空
.1.Mother ____me a new coat yesterday. I _______ it on. It fits me well.
A. had made…have tried
B. made…have tried
C. has made…tried
D. made…tried
.2 "He ____to draw horses already". "When ______ he ?" " Last year "
A. learned...has B. learned...did C. has learned...has D. has learned (i)
.3.Tom _____up into the tree. Look, he ____ high up there !
A. has got…is
B. has climbed…was
C. got …was
D. climbed…is
.4.____ you _____ the text yet ? Yes, we ____ it two hours ago.
A. Did…copy…did
B. Have…copied…have
C. Have…copied…did
D. Did …copy…had
.5. "Why ______ she _______ angry ?" "Because he _____ at her just now ."
A. did…get…shouted
B. has…got…shouted
C. did…get…has shouted
D. has…got…has shouted
.6. ______you __________ the film before ? Where _____ you ____ it ?
A. Have …seen…did…see
B. Did …see…did…watch
C. Have…seen…have…seen
D. Did …see…have…seen
.7.You ____ me waiting for two hours. I ____ for you since five.
A. kept…waited
B. have kept…waited
C. kept…have waited
D. have kept…have waited
.8.Where ______ John _______ ? T o the library. He _________ there for an hour.
A. has…been…has gone
B. has…gone…has been
C. did…go…went
D. did…be…went
.9.______ the baby still _____ ? No, it _______ crying.
A. Has…cried…has stopped
B. Is…crying…stopped
C. Did …cry…stopped
D. Is…crying…has stopped
.10. I _______ the way. I ________ here for quite many years.
A. knew...have lived C. knew...live C. know...have lived D. know (iv)
.11. _____ you ever _____ America ? Yes, I have.
A. Have…gone to
B. Have…gone in
C. Have…been to
D. Have …been in
.12. My brother ____college for over three years.
A. has gone to
B. has been to
C. has been in
D. has been at
.13.He ________ the Army by the end of 1989. He ______ in the army since then.
A. joined…is
B. has joined…has been
C. had joined…is
D. had joined …has
been
.14. By the time I _____ back they ____ up ten satellites.
A. came…have sent
B. came…had sent
C. come…have sent
D. had come…sent
.15. Jack ____ over five lessons by seven o'clock. Then he ____ a rest.
A. went…took
B. went…had taken
C. had gone…took
D. had gone…had taken
.16. We ____ out by that time that he ____ a spy for a long time.
A. had found…had been
B. had found…was
C. found…had been
D. found…was
.17. Before the news ____ him, he ____ to know about it.
A. reaches…has got
B. reached…had got
C. reached…got
D. had reached…got
.18. I _____ him a second letter before I ____ from him.
A. wrote…heard
B. wrote…had heard
C. had written…heard
D. have written…hear
.19. People ____ that the soldiers _____ fighting.
A. say…had stopped
B. said…has stopped
C. say…stopped
D. said…had stopped
.20. We ____ in a good harvest because we ____ enough rain.
A. didn't get…had had
B. got…had had
C. had got…had had
D. got…hadn't had
.21. They _______ for five hours when they ______ in New York.
A. flew…arrived
B. had flown…had arrived
C. flew…had arrived
D. had flown…arrived
.22. She ____ that it _____ for two days by that day.
A. says…has rained
B. says…had rained
C. said…had rained
D. said…rained
.23. John _____ there since the year before, so he _____ them.
A. had worked…knew
B. had worked…had known
C. worked…knew
D. worked…had known
.24. He _____ angry because he ____ for a long time.
A. had got…had waited
B. got…waited
C. had got…waited
D. got…had waited
定义：过去完成时是表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作、事情。

它表示的是发生在"过去的过去"的动作，只有在和过去某个时间或动作相比较的时候才会使用过去完成时。

构成：过去完成时的构成: had +.(过去分词)
用法：
1、与by, before, by the end of引导的表示过去的时间状语连用。

例如：by then, by\ before nine o'clock yesterday, by the end of last year, by the age of twenty, by the time I arrived …
2、在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。

例如：When I returned home, my guest had already left.
I did not see the film because I had seen it before.
3、常用于told, said, knew, heard, thought, ask等动词后的宾语从句。

例如：
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
He asked what I had said.
现在完成时和过去完成时的区别：
现在完成时强调对现在的影响或结果, 过去完成时强调对过去的影响或结果。

练习：
参考答案：
一、单项选择。

1、现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。

这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行。

故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是B。

2、现在完成时常与already（已经），just（刚刚，正好），ever（曾经），never（从来，也不；从不），before（以前），yet（仍然）等连用。

故2应选B。

3、C
4、现在完成时常与recently（近来），so far（到目前为止），in the past/“last + 一段时间”等时间状语连用。

因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。

故4应选D。

5、C
6、现在完成时时常与“for +时间段或since +过去时间点”连用（含从句，从句过去时）。

故6应选C。

7、C
8、现在完成时还与once（一次），twice（两次），three times（三次），several times （几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用。

故8应选B。

9、现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去，但二者又有区别：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系；现在完成时表示与现在有关系
的发生在过去的动作，它不与表示过去的时间状语（如yesterday , last week , a moment ago等）连用。

故9的正确答案为B。

10、B
11、现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。

故11的正确答案依次为：D。

12、B 13、A 14、C 15、A。

16、“have/has gone to + 地点”表示“某人去了某地（还未回来）”，指主语所指的人不在这儿。

“have/has been in + 地点”表示“在某地呆了多长时间”，常与表示时间的状语连用。

“have/has been to +地点”表示“曾经去过某地（但现在已不在那儿）。

”故16的正确答案为A。

17、A 18、D 19、C 20、C
二、句型转换。

1、has he?
2、How long
3、died, has been dead
4、has been open
5、has been away
6、joined；ago
7、It is, since 8、The bus has been here for ten minutes.
BDACA ADBDC CDDBC ABCDB DCAD。