高考英语二轮(浙江专用)第1部分 专题1 类型1 人物传记-

(对应学生用书第12页)
类型1| 人物传记
考查要点方法技巧
1.人物最显著的性格、品德特征。

2．人物的重大、有影响的经历。

3．人物最杰出的功绩、贡献、成就。

4．人物成长的时代背景。

1.把握事件发生的时间、空间及顺
序。

2．理清事情发生的背景、起因、过
程及结果。

3．感悟人物的情感和心理活动。

(2016·全国卷Ⅰ·A)
You probably know who Marie Curie was，but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below，who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?
Jane Addams(1860-1935)
Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.Addams helped the poor and worked for peace.She encouraged a sense of community (社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need.In 1931，Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
Rachel Carson (1907-1964)
If it weren't for Rachel Carson，the environmental movement might not exist today.Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans.
Sandra Day O'Connor (1930-present)
When Sandra Day O'Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School，in 1952，she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.She became
an Arizona state senator(参议员) and，in 1981，the first woman to join the U．S.Supreme Court.O'Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.
Rosa Parks (1913-2005)
On December 1，1955，in Montgomery，Alabama，Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger.Her simple act landed Parks in prison.But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott.It lasted for more than a year，and kicked off the civil­rights movement.“The only tired I was，was tired of giving in，”said Parks. 21．What is Jane Addams noted for in history?
A．Her social work.
B．Her teaching skills.
C．Her efforts to win a prize.
D．Her community background.
22．What was the reason for O'Connor's being rejected by the law firm?
A．Her lack of proper training in law.
B．Her little work experience in court.
C．The discrimination against women.
D．The poor financial conditions.
23．Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U．S.?
A．Jane Addams.
B．Rachel Carson.
C．Sandra Day O'Connor.
D．Rosa Parks.
24．What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?
A．They are highly educated.
B．They are truly creative.
C．They are pioneers.
D．They are peace­lovers.
语篇解读：本文主要介绍了100年以来历史上四位在不同领域做出杰出贡献的女性先驱。

长难句解读：If it weren't for Rachel Carson，the environmental movement might not exist today.
分析：本句为含有条件状语从句的复合句，使用了虚拟语气。

翻译：如果不是Rachel Carson的话，今天的环保活动就可能不会存在。

21．A[考查细节理解。

根据Jane Addams下的第一句话“Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.(任何一个受到社会工作者帮助的人都要感谢Jane Addams)”可知，在历史上，Jane Addams以她的社会工作而出名，故选A项。

]
22．C[考查细节理解。

根据Sandra Day O'Connor下的第一句中“she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman”可知，她没能在法律事务所找到工作，是因为她是一名女性，这与C项“对于女性的歧视”相符，故选C项。

]
23．D[考查细节理解。

根据Rosa Parks下的“...it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott.It lasted for more than a year，and kicked off the civil­rights movement.”
可知，它导致了蒙哥马利巴士抵制运动，这场运动持续了一年多，开始了民权运动，故选D项。

]
24．C[考查推理判断。

通读全文可知文中提到的这几位女性都是不同领域的先驱，都在各自领域中做出了巨大贡献，故选C项。

]
A【导学号：38144000】
(2017·浙江三市部分学校联考)
If Frida Kahlo ( 1907 - 1954) is today one of the best-known and most popular figures of 20th-century Mexican art，it is undoubtedly because of her personality and the originality of a body of works.Her work is，above all，the expression of a life—a tragic and stormy life，one that challenged all conventions.
The mere mention of her name excites enthusiasm and admiration，but her work is rarely exhibited，and has not been shown in France for fifteen years.The selection to go on show at the Musee de l'Orangerie includes major works by the artist，with masterpieces from the Museo Dolores Olmedo.
The life and work of Frida Kahlo cannot be separated from those of her
companion Diego Rivera ( 1886－1957)．Together they became figures of legend(传奇) ，and both have a place in the pantheon of 20th­century Mexican artists.Famous for his large wall paintings，Rivera's easel paintings，drawings and prints，which form a large part of his artistic production，are less well­known to the public in Europe.The exhibition aims to trace his artistic career from the early Cubist images，revealing his links with the Paris artists whose works are a key element in the Orangerie collections，to the paintings that established him as the founder of the 20th­century school of Mexican art.His travels throughout Europe influenced his vision and his skills without ever distancing him from his roots，thus confirming his place in history as the founder of the nationalist school.
The exhibition devoted to the legendary couple Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo presents their works together，as if to confirm the impossibility of their divorce that was in fact finalised but reconsidered after just one year apart.It also gives us a better view of their respective artistic worlds，so different and yet so complementary (互补的) ，through the deep­rooted attachment they shared to their country.
【语篇解读】本文为说明文。

介绍了墨西哥一对夫妻艺术家的传奇人生和旷世作品。

1．Which of the following best describes Frida Kahlo's work?
A．World­famous but unusual.
B．Practical and popular.
C．Creative and realistic.
D．Authentic but ordinary.
C[考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“personality and the originality”可
知，Frida Kahlo的作品很有创造性；再根据第一段中的“the expression
of a life — a tragic and stormy life，one that challenged all conventions”可
知，其作品是生活的真实写照。

]
2．What does the underlined word“ pantheon”in the third paragrap h refer to?
A．Character.B．Community.
C．School. D．Society.
C[考查词义猜测。

根据第三段中的“both have a place in the pantheon
of 20th-century Mexican artists”以及“thus confirming his place in history
as the founder of the nationalist school”可知，pantheon的意思接近school，
表示“流派”。

]
3．What can we infer about Rivera from the passage?
A．Rivera broke up with Kahlo finally.
B．Rivera's works are popular in Europe.
C．Rivera's works are the focus of the exhibition.
D．Rivera had his works rooted in his motherland.
D[考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“His travels throughout Europe
influenced his vision and his skills without ever distancing him from his
roots”可知，Rivera的欧洲之旅影响了他的视野和技艺，但并未让他疏
远自己的根。

再根据最后一段中的“It also gives us a better view of their
respective artistic worlds，so different and yet so complementary(互补的)，
through the deep­rooted attachment they shared to their country”可知，
Rivera将自己对祖国的根深蒂固的依恋反映在作品里。

]
B
(2017·浙江考前模拟)
It is such a common occurrence that no one ever wonders from where it came.But the telephone has a fascinating story behind it.It is the story，of Alexander Graham Bell.
He was born in Edinburgh，Scotland in 1847.The son of a man who was bitten by the workings of the human voice，how it is produced and used，and especially teaching the deaf how to use it，young Alexander Graham Bell grew up with his father's such strong feelings.
In 1870，because of poor health，he migrated to Canada.It was not long before his success in teaching the deaf to speak brought him to the attention of a wealthy merchant in Boston who wanted Bell to help her daughter，Mabel.Finally，Mr.Bell and Mabel fell in love.It was she who inspired him to develop the then remarkable instrument that transformed speech into electrical impulses (脉冲) that could then be changed back into human speech at the end of a wire.In 1877，he and Mabel were married.He later became an American citizen.
Alexander Graham Bell was showered with the praise of the world.Honors came to him from all the points of the compass.He went on to other discoveries，many of them.But in his own view，he was most proud of his efforts to help the deaf.So，when the government of France awarded him the V olta Prize for inventing the telephone，he combined this monetary award with the money he made from selling the patent on another invention to establish the V olta Bureau in Washington，D.C.Its purpose was to fund research on deafness.Today，it is called the Alexander Graham Bell Association for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing.Its role has been changed to providing the latest information for the deaf of the world on how best to deal with their disability.
【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。

文章简单介绍了有关贝尔的情况、他的伟大发明以及他对聋人的贡献。

4．Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase“bitten by”？
A．Fed up with.
B．Familiar with.
C．In harmony with.
D．Enthusiastic about.
D[考查词义猜测。

根据画线部分后的“the workings of the human
voice，how it is produced and used，and especially teaching the deaf how to
use it，young Alexander Graham Bell grew up with his father's such strong
feelings”可知，Bell伴着父亲的这种强烈的感情长大，再根据第三段中
提到的Bell 教聋人说话可知，Bell的父亲应是热衷于人类的声音。

故
D项“对……感兴趣，热衷于……”与画线部分意义相近。

] 5．What does the author say about Bell?
A．He married a deaf woman.
B．He taught the deaf to use telephones.
C．He was funded by a merchant.
D．He was inspired by his father to invent telephones.
A[考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“his success in teaching the deaf to
speak brought him to the attention of a wealthy merchant in Boston who
wanted Bell to help her daughter，Mabel”可知，Bell在教聋人说话方面
的成功使他被一名波士顿富商注意到，他想请Bell帮帮他的女儿Mabel，
由此可推知，Mabel也是一名聋人。

后来Bell和Mabel结婚了，因此A
项“Bell娶了一名聋人”正确。

]
[干扰项分析]D项干扰性比较大，学生选D项的依据是“young
Alexander Graham Bell grew up with his father's such strong feelings”，但是
这句话传递的信息是Bell受到他父亲热衷人类声音、教聋人说话等的影
响，并不是说Bell发明电话是从他父亲那里得到的启发。

根据第三段中
的“It was she who inspired him to develop the then remarkable
instrument...at the end of a wire”可知，Bell是受到了Mabel的启发而发明
电话的，故排除D项。

6．What may the paragraph that follows be about?
A．The development of the Association.
B．Examples of Bell's other inventions.
C．Something about Bell's family.
D．Bell's death and his influence.
D[考查推理判断。

本题初看四个选项，仿佛每项的内容都可以入选，
但是第四段已经简单介绍了Alexander Graham Bell Association for the
Deaf and Hard of Hearing的前身和现在的作用，因此下一段不会再介绍
它的发展了；第四段中提到Bell有多项发明，但他最为自豪的还是为了
帮助聋人付出的努力，并且建立了一个帮助聋人的组织，因此下一段也
不会介绍他的其他发明；第二段和第三段已经提到了Bell的父亲和妻子
了，因此下一段亦不会再介绍他的家人。

本文介绍了Bell的成长环境、
移居加拿大、结婚、成为美国公民、获奖等人生大事，可推知本文的写
作目的是简要介绍Bell的生平和成就，因此下一段很可能会提到Bell
的逝世和他的影响。

]
C
Seven­year­old artist Kieron Williamson has sold his 16 watercolours for ￡17，000 in just 14 minutes，setting the world record for the youngest successful painter.
His latest paintings of landscapes(风景)，seascapes and churches were supposed to be on display for a month at the Picturecraft Gallery in Holt.They went on sale at 9
am but were bought by 9：14 am，some by telephone from abroad.
Kieron is red hot．People are saying that he could become an all­time great artist.They want his paintings as investments(投资) because they think the price will go up.
The last child artist was Picasso.And Kieron is getting better and better.The pace at which he learns is quite amazing.He has a very mature mind and has mastered certain techniques at an early stage which some artists would take years to perfect.His work has been very unusual and impressive.His use of tone，colour and light is wonderful.The way he gets his paintings to do the talking is extremely good.He just paints when he wants.He still likes playing football and playing computer games like any other seven-year-olds.
Inspired to start painting on a family holiday in Devon and Cornwall，Kieron was just six when he asked his parents for paper to draw a boat and swiftly developed a mature and confident talent for seascapes and countryside scenes that has been described as close to the “young Picasso”．
The talented boy described his show's sellout success as“brilliant”．“Painting is my favourite hobby but I like football as well，”said Kieron，who is so absorbed in painting that he is always drawing from getting up to going to school.
【语篇解读】本文介绍了著名画家Kieron Williamson和他的水彩画。

7．Kieron Williamson set the world record for the youngest painter by ．A．selling his 16 watercolours for ￡17，000 in 14 minutes
B．drawing as many as 16 watercolours in 14 minutes
C．painting landscapes as a child of seven
D．earning the most money for 16 watercolours
A[考查细节理解。

根据第一段可知，七岁画家Kieron Williamson仅
仅在14分钟内就以17 000英镑的价格卖掉了他的16幅水彩画，创造
了世界纪录。

]
8．The underlined words “red hot” here probably mean“”．A．in bright colour and high temperature
B．in high fever
C．very popular
D．very smart
C[考查词义猜测。

根据第三段可知，人们说他可能会成为一位伟大的
画家，他们认为他的画会增值，因此他们都想要收藏他的画作为投资。

由此说明Kieron很受欢迎。

]
9．What is Kieron's work like according to the text?
A．Strange. B．Outstanding.
C．Ordinary. D．Common.
B[考查推理判断。

根据第四段的第五句和第六句可知，他的作品与众
不同，给人以深刻的印象，他对色调、颜色和光线的使用都是绝妙的。

由此可知他的画非常出色。

]
10．From the text we know that Kieron learned to paint ．
A．by himself B．from his parents
C．by copying Picasso D．from his teacher
A[考查推理判断。

Kieron在Devon和Cornwall度假时开始绘画，当
时他六岁，向父母要纸画船，很快培养了成熟自信的画海景和乡村景色
的才能，被认为近似年轻的毕加索。

全文没提到他的老师，所以推断他
是自学绘画的。

]。