新课标 人教版高二英语Unit14 Freedom fighters 教案

高二英语Unit14 Freedom fighters
Ⅰ.Brief Statements Based on the Unit
This unit tells us about freedom fighters,who fight for the rights of blacks.Warming up shows us some information about two heroes—Martin Luther King,Jr.and Nelson Mandela.In Speaking activity,students can express what they think with the help of the useful expressions given in this part.Students can improve their English,and at the same time learn the fine quality from them.Listening passage gives the students a good chance to improve their l istening ability.The reading passage “I have a dream” gives us a lot of information about Martin Luther King,Jr.It describes the situation in the southern states in King’s time,especially gives us a detailed description about the struggle for equal rights of all blacks.The whites treated the blacks unfairly,which led to many nonviolent demonstrations against racial discrimination.The text shows us a hero and brave fighter.In the end,his struggle changed the whole society of the USA,and the blacks are treated with respect in the same way as the whites now.From this passage students can learn some useful words and expressions,and also they will improve their prehensive nguage study helps us review some useful words and Grammar provides some sentences to let the students review the Passive Voice.Integrating skills is arranged to further improve the students’ reading and writing abilities.The students are sure to master many useful words and expressions.Meanwhile they are sure to improve their abilities to use the English language in the active,interesting and instructive activities.
Ⅱ.Teaching Goals
1.Talk about civil rights and freedom fighters.
2.Express logical relations.
3.Review the Passive Voice.
4.Practise argumentative writing.
Ⅲ.Background Information
1.I have a dream
I’m not unmindful that some of you have e here out of great trials and tribulations.Some of you have e fresh from narrow jail cells.Some of you have e from areas where your first quest for freedom left you battered by the storms of persecution and staggered by the winds of police brutality.You have been the veterans of creative suffering.Continue to work with the faith that unearned suffering is redemptive.
Go back to Mississippi,go back to Alabama,go back to South Carolina,go back to Georgia,go back to Louisiana,go back to the slums and ghettos of our northern cities,knowing that somehow this situation can and will be changed.Let us not water in the valley of despair.
I say to you today,my friends,so even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow,I still have a dream.It is a dream deeply rooted in the American Dream.I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up,live out the true meaning of its creed:“We hold these truths to be self-evident,that all men are created equal.”
I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia,sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave-owners,will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood.I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi,a state sweltering with the heat of injustice,sweltering with the heat of oppression,will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.
I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.I have a dream today.
I have a dream that one day down in Alabama,with its vicious racists,with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of interposition and nullification,one day right down in Alabama our little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers.I have a dream today.
I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted,every hill and mountain
shall be made low;the rough places will be made plain;and the crooked places will be made straight;and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed and all flesh shall see it together.This is our hope.This is the faith that I go back to the South with.With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope.With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood.With this faith we will be able to work together,to pray together,to struggle together,to go to jail together,to stand up for freedom together,knowing that we will be free one day.
This will be the day,this will be the day,when all of God’s children will be able to sing with new meaning,“My country is of thee,sweet land of liberty,of t hee I nd where my fathers died,land of the Pilgrims’ pride,from every mountain side,let freedom ring.”And if America is to be a great nation,this must bee true.
So let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire.Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New YorkLet freedom ring from the heightening Alleeghenies of Pennsylvania.Let freedom ring from the snow-capped Rockies of Colorado.Let freedom ring from the curvaceous slopes of California.But not only that,let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia.Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee.Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi,from every mountainside.Let freedom ring and when this happens,when we allow freedom ring,when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet,from every state and every city,we will be able to speed up that day when all of God’s children,black men and white men,Jews and Gentiles,Protestants and Catholics will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negr o spiritual,“Free at last,free at last,thank god almighty,we are free at last.”
2.Dr Martin Luther King,Jr.
It was December 1955,and Martin Luther King,Jr.had just received his doctorate degree in theology.He had moved to Montgomery,Alabama to preach(讲道) at a Baptist church.He saw there,as in many other southern states,that African-Americans had to ride
in the back of public buses.Dr King knew that this law violated the rights of every African-American.He organized and led a boycott of the public buses in the city of Montgomery.Any person,black or white,who was against segregation(种族隔离) refused to use public transportation.Those people who boycotted were threatened or attacked by other people,or even arrested or jailed by the police.After 382 days of boycotting the bus system,the Supreme Court declared that the Alabama state segregation law was unconstitutional.
African-Americans were not only segregated on buses throughout the South.Equal housing was denied to them,and seating in many hotels and restaurants was refused.
In 1957,Dr King founded the Southern Christian Leadership Conference(南方基督教领导会议) and moved back to his hometown of Atlanta,Georgia.This was the beginning of the Civil Rights Movement.In the following years,he continued to organize non-violent protests against unequal treatment of African-American people.His philosophy remained peaceful,and he constantly reminded his followers that their fight would be victorious if they did not resort to bloodshed.Nonetheless,he and his demonstrators were often threatened and attacked.Demonstrations which began peacefully often ended up in violence,and he and many others were often arrested.
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was passed.It was not the first law of civil rights for Americans,but it was the most thorough and effective.The act guaranteed equal rights in housing,public facilities,voting and public schools.Everyone would have impartial hearings(申诉的机会) and jury trials.A civil rights mission would ensure that these laws were enforced.Dr Martin Luther King,Jr. and thousands of others now knew that they had not struggled in vain.In the same year Dr King won the Nobel Peace Prize for leading non-violent demon stations.
In 1968,Dr Martin Luther King,Jr. was assassinated while he was leading a workers’ strike in Memphis,Tennessee.White people and black people who had worked so hard for peace and civil rights were shocked and angry.The world was in deep sorrow at the loss of this man of peace.
Dr Martin Luther King,Jr.’s death did not slow the Civil Rights Movement.Bl ack and white people continued to fight for freedom and equality.
Ⅳ.Teaching Time:Five periods
The First Period
Teaching Aims:
1.Learn and master the new words and expressions in this period.
2.Talk about civil rights and freedom fighters to improve the st udents’ speaking ability.
3.Do some listening practice to improve the students’ listening ability.
4.Learn about some freedom fighters.
Teaching Important Points:
1.Talk about a favourite topic to improve the students’ speaking ability.
2.Enable the students to grasp the main points in a listening material.
Teaching Difficult Points:
1.Help the students to improve their listening ability.
2.Help the students to express their own opinions and ideas.
Teaching Methods:
1.Talking method to improve the students’ speaking ability.
2.Pair work or group work to make every student work in class.
Teaching Aids:
1.the multimedia
2.the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step Ⅰ Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step Ⅱ Lead-in and Warming Up
T:(Walk to one boy)Wang Bing,what do you usually do on weekends?
S:I sometimes play basketball with friends.I like basketball very much.
T:Then you must know this man.(Show the picture or play a short video program of Jordan—a famous basketball player who is a black man.)
T:Do you know who he is?
S:Of course I do.He is Jordan,my idol.He is the best basketball player in the world.I have many pictures of him
T:Yes,you’re quite right.He is very famous and many people all over the world worship him.But do you know that it was not until about one hundred years ago that the blacks got their freedom and were treated as equal citizens?
S:Yes,we learnt about this in our history classes.The blacks were first brought to America as slaves.They were treated badly and they had no rights.
T:Th at’s right.But we all know that things are different now.Do you know how they could have the same rights as the whites?
Ss:We don’t know much about this.Please tell us more.
T:OK.Many people devoted themselves to this.Some were put into prison and some even lost their lives.Look at the two pictures and read the notes about them.Then have a discussion in groups of four.Try to explain why they are great men and in which way struggle was an important part in the lives of these men.
(Show the following pictures on the screen.)
Martin Luther King,Jr.
Born in 1929
Graduation in 1955
Worked in a church
Organized his first actions in 1955
Formed an organization for black leaders to work together in 1957
Gave speech “I have a dream” in 1963
Received the Nobel Prize in 1964
Murdered in 1968
Nelson Mandela
Born in 1918
First actions while still at university in 1940
Graduation in 1942
Helped to found the ANC Youth League in 1944
Led many peaceful actions during the 1950s
Put in prison from 1962 to 1989
Received the Nobel Prize in 1993
Became the first black president of South Africa from 1994 to 1999
(Give the students a few minutes to discuss the questions.Then ask some of them to say their answers.)
T:Are you ready?
Ss:Yes
T:Good.Now,who would like to tell us why these two men are great?
S:Let me have a try.I think Martin Luther King,Jr. is great.He worked for the freedom of all the blacks.He was born in 1929.After he graduated in 1955,he worked in a church and he organized his first actions in the same year.Two years later,he formed an organization for black leaders to work together.In 1963,he gave the famous speech “I have a dream”.Because of his success in his work,he received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964.Unfortunately he was murdered in 1968.
T:Very good.Now,who can tell us something about Nelson Mandela?
S:He was the first black president in South Africa from 1994 to 1999.He was born in 1918.He worked for the equal rights for the blacks of South Africa for many years.As early as in 1940,while he was still at university,he took his first actions.In 1944,he helped to found the ANC Youth League.During the 1950s,he led many peaceful actions.He was hated by his enemies and he had been kept a prisoner from 1962 to 1989.But he never gave up the struggle for the freedom of all the blacks,so he received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993.After he left his office,he has done much for the poor,especially the children.He also works for the equal rights of all the people and he wants a world without
hunger and war.
T:Very good.You know a lot about them.Who can explain in which way struggle was an important part in the lives of them?Li Yan,would you like to have a try?
S:OK.I think struggle for the equal rights of all the blacks was an important part in the lives of them.They both achieved their goals by peaceful revolution.
T:Who knows how the situations are in their countries now?Has the situation been improved?
S:Things are different now.In the USA,the blacks and the whites have equal rights.They can both be elected leaders of their country.
T:Good.Who has anything else to say?
S:The same is in South Africa.After Mandela, there is a second black president.No matter who breaks the law of the country,he will be punished or put into prison.
Step Ⅲ Listening
T:Well done.From the discussion we had just now,we know that in 1993 Martin Luther King,Jr. gave a famous speech—“I have a dream”.Have you ever listened to it?
Ss:No,we’ve only read about it in some magazines.
T:What a pity!But now I will give you the chance to listen to it.Before you listen to the tape,you should go through the exercises on Page 25 and Page 26 first.
(Allow the students a couple of minutes to prepare.)
T:Are you ready?Please listen to the tape carefully when I play it for the first time.The second time I play it,you should write down the answers quickly.After that,check your answers when the tape is played a third time.Finally you may have a short discussion in pairs.Are you clear?
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.Let’s begin.
(Play the tape for students to listen and finish the exercises.At last,check the answers together with the whole class.)
Step Ⅳ Speaking
T:Just now,we talked about two great men,and now we will talk about two other famous people—John Brown and Harriet Tubman.Please turn to Page 26 and read the notes about them.Work in groups of three.Discuss the lives of them and talk about the reason why certain things happened and how they changed history.The useful expressions will help you.
(Write the following on the blackboard and allow the students enough time to practise their dialogues.Finally ask a pair to act out their dialogue.) Useful Expressions:
What happened first was that…
…happened as a result of…
You could expect…because…
That led to…
One of the reason why…is…
…is often followed by…
Sample dialogue:
student a;B—student b)
A:Have you read about John Brown?
B:Yes,I have.
A:I have heard of him,but I know little about him.Please tell me something about him.I want to know more.
B:OK.He was born in Connecticut and was brought up in Ohio.He hated slavery.What happened first was that he helped the black slaves escape from the USA to Canada.You could expect that led to the slave owners against him.Then he took up his arms to fight against his enemies.One of the reasons why he did this is that his enemy wanted to kill him.One night a battle took place.As a result of it,he was caught and ten men,including his two sons,were killed in the ter,he was killed,too.Encouraged by his bravery,the whole country soon united and fought against the slavery.A few years later,the American Civil War broke out and in the end the blacks won.
A:What a moving story!
T:Great!Do you know that there is a song about John Brown?It is one of the most famous songs in America and is still sung by American soldiers.Do you want to listen to it?
Ss:Of course.
T:OK.Listen carefully and try to sing along with the tape.(Play the tape for students to listen.)Do you like it?You can sing it to your friends after class.And try to find out the meaning of it.
Step Ⅴ Summary and Homework
T:Today,we’ve talked ab out two great men—Martin Luther King,Jr. and Nelson Mandela.And we have also listened to the famous speech—I have a dream.Besides,we’ve talked of two other great people—John Brown and Harriet Tubman.After class,you should talk more about civil rights and freedom fighters,using the new words and expressions we’ve learnt in this class.Don’t forget to find out the meaning of the song.That’s all for today!
Step Ⅵ The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
The Second Period
Teaching Aims:
1. Learn and master the new words and expressions in this period.
2. Read the text and grasp the main idea of it.
3. Learn the fine qualities of Martin Luther King, Jr.
Teaching Important Points:
1. Master the usage of some useful words and expressions.
2. Improve the students’ reading ability.
Teaching Difficult Points:
1. How to grasp the main idea of a text or a passage.
2. How to use some words and expressions freely.
Teaching Methods:
1. Fast reading and careful reading to improve the students’ reading ability.
2. Pair work or group work to make every student work in class.
3. Discussion to help the students grasp the detailed information.
Teaching Aids:
1. the multimedia
2. the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step Ⅰ Greetings and Revision
(Greet the whole class as usual.)
T: In the last period, we listened to a song. Can you sing it?
Ss: Yes.
T: OK. Let’s sing the song together.(Teacher and the students sing the song together.) Very good. You are all good at singing. Have you found out the meaning of it? Guo Li, you please have a try.
S: It means that though John Brown has died, and his body lies there in the grave, our task has not been finished. Inspired by his spirit we will continue it until we succeed. In order to get the slaves free, John Brown devoted his life. But his soul still marches on with us. If the stars in the heaven are looking kindly down, they must see us struggling on until all the slaves are set free.
Step Ⅱ Pre-reading
T: Very good. Today, we’ll read more about freedom fighters. Turn to Page 27 and have a look at the pictures. Have a short discussion in pairs and describe what you see to each other.
(Students practise for a moment and then teacher asks some of them to describe the pictures.)
Description of the first picture:
The first picture shows us a terrible scene. In the picture we can see the Nazi soldiers arrest a large group of people. This happened between the year 1933 and
1945.During that period, Adolf Hitler controlled Germany. He invaded some countries and killed as many as twelve million persons, most of whom were Jews, captured soldiers and mon people.
Description of the second picture:
The second picture is about the Southern States in the USA, during 1900~1968.Though slaves in the USA were set free in 1865,they didn’t get equal rights until 1965.Before that, they didn’t have the rights to vote and were treated unfairly. The blacks and whites couldn’t go to the same schools. There were separate sections for blacks in public places.
Description of the third picture:
The third picture is about South Africa. In 1990, Mandela was set free and was elected the first black president of South Africa in 1994.Before that, the local people there had no equal rights. They were ruled by the whites and were looked down upon.
T: Now, imagine that there were laws in our country that you wear a sign, and only allowed you to go to special shops, restaurants, and schools or separate parts in parks, on buses, subways or trains because you were different, how would you feel?
S: I would be angry and struggle for equal rights.
T: But what would you do and how would you fight for your equal rights?
S: I’m not sure about this. I think I’ll think about it afterwards.
Step Ⅲ Fast Reading
T: After you read the passage, I think you will learn a lot from it. Now, read the passage quickly and decide which of the sentences on the screen are true.
(Show the following sentences on the screen and give the students several minutes to finish the task.)
Decide which of the following sentences are true.
1. Martin Luther King, Jr. was born in 1865.
2. Black people refused to take buses for more than 18 months.
3. Black girls could not marry white boys.
4. King spent some time in prison.
5. Martin Luther King, Jr. died of cancer in Washington.
T: Look at the first sentence, please. Is it true?
S: I think it is wrong, because Martin Luther King, Jr. was born in 1929.
T: How about the second sentence?
S: It’s wrong, because black people refused to take buses for 381 days and that is less than 13 months.
T: Very good. Now, who can tell us which of these sentences are correct?
S: I think the third sentence and the fourth sentence are correct.
T: Do you agree with him/her?
Ss: Yes, we do.
T: OK. Now, look at the last sentence. Who’d like to have a try?
S: I’d like to. This sentence is wrong, because he was murdered in 1968 in a hotel in MemphisTennessee.
T: How do you know this? The text doesn’t tell us where he was murdered.
S: I learnt this from the Internet. Last night I turned on my puter and got a lot of information about him.
T: That’s a good way to get some detailed information. Keep on doing that, you’ll know a lot that you can’t learn from our textbooks.
Step Ⅳ Reading and Understanding
T: Now, read the text again and discuss the questions on the screen with your partner.
(Show the following on the screen.)
Discuss the following:
1, What was the situation for the blacks in the southern states at that time?
2. Explain in your own words what the first paragraph is about.
3. Martin Luther King, Jr. fought for the civil rights of black people in America. Which civil rights did he want black people to get?
4. King believed that he could reach his goal through peaceful actions, not through violence. Give examples of such peaceful actions.
(Students practise for a few minutes and the teacher may join in their discussion and help them. Finally ask some students to answer the questions one by one.) Suggested answers:
1. Blacks were not treated equally. The South had its own laws to continue the separation of blacks and whites. Mixed-race marriages were forbidden by law. There were separate sections for blacks in public places. Blacks were not allowed to get into hotels, schools or libraries. Black children were educated in separate schools. Black people had no right to vote.
2. It tells us that thousands of black people marched on WashingtonD.C., the capital of the USA in the summer of 1963,when Martin Luther King, Jr. spoke to them at a meeting. His speech—“I have a dream”—spoke out the minds of the black people. Inspired by his speech, people continued to struggle and succeeded in the end. Soon he and his speech became known to the people all over the world.
3. He wanted black people to be treated equally as the whites. Black people should not be separated but should be treated with respect in the same way as other people. They should have the right to vote.
4. In December 1955, King organized a boycott of the bus pany and succeeded after 381 days. Later he led a new revolution to improve the housing condition for blacks in Birmingham. In 1963, he led the march on WashingtonD.C. As a result of that in the following year a new Civil Rights Act was passed and in 1965 a new Voting Right Bill became law.
T: To help you better understand the passage, I will explain some words and expressions to you. Look at the screen, please.
(Show the following on the screen, and explain them to the students.)
Useful words and expressions:
1. forbid
e.g. I forbid you to stay out after midnight.
He forbids smoking during office hours.
2. set an example to
e.g. Tom worked hard and set a good example to his classmates.
3. demand
e.g. He demanded to be told everything.
They demanded that the right to vote (should) be given to every adult man.
e.g. achieve some victories, success, one’s aims/purpose/goal;
achieve a lot, little, nothing, a great deal, etc.
T: Please read the text again and see if there’s anything that you don’t understand.
(Teacher goes among the students and answers the questions they raise.) Step Ⅴ Listening and Reading
T: Now, let’s listen to the tape. I’ll play it twice for you. When I play it for the first time, listen carefully and pay attention to the pronunciation and intonation. When I play it for the second time, you can read after the tape. Then read the text aloud by yourselves. Are you clear?
Ss: Yes.
T: OK. Let’s begin.
(Teacher plays the tape and helps the students with their pronunciation.) Step Ⅵ Summary and Homework
T: Today, we’ve learnt a text “I have a dream”.From this passage we’ve got a lot of information about a famous freedom fighter—Martin Luther King, Jr. Now, please look at the blackboard. Make notes about him in the listed years and tell his belief and success.
(Teacher writes the years on the blackboard and gives the students some time to finish the task. Then ask some students to write their answers on the blackboard. (Cf:
The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard.)
T: You’ve done very well. After class, finish Exercise 5 in Post-reading on Page 29, and make a dialogue with your partner. OK. That’s all for today. See you tomorrow!
Ss: See you tomorrow!
Step Ⅶ The Design of the Writing onthe Blackboard
Unit 14 Freedom fighters
The Second Period
Notes about Martin Luther King, Jr.
1929: Martin Luther King, Jr. was born.
1944: won a scholarship and went to university
1955: organized a boycott of a bus pany and succeeded in the following year 1963: during the March on Washington D.C, he gave the speech “I have a dream”
1964: received the Nobel Prize for Peace
1968: Martin Luther King, Jr. was murdered
Belief: demand equal rights as the whites and achieve that goal by peaceful actions, not by violence
Success: changed the whole society in the USA; black people started enjoying the rights
The Third Period
Teaching Aims:
1. pare and master some useful words.
2. Review the Passive Voice.
3. Further understand the whole text.
Teaching Important Points:
1. Master how to use the different forms of some useful words.
2. Review and learn the different forms of the Passive Voice.
Teaching Difficult Point:
How do we choose proper forms of some useful words.
Teaching Methods:
1. Practice to get the students to master what they’ve learnt.
2. parison to get the students to understand what they’ve learnt.
3. Discussion to make every student work in class.
Teaching Aids:
1. the multimedia
2. the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step Ⅰ Greetings and Revision
T: (Greet the whole class as usual.)
In the last period, we read a passage about Martin Luther King, Jr. Have you finished your homework?
Ss: Yes.
T: OK. Let’s do these sentences one by one. Who will do the first one?
S: Let me have a try. We should fill in “is” in this blank.
T: Does anybody have a different opinion?
S:I think “was” is also correct.
T: Can you explain why?
S: If we fill in “is”,we’re asking about the life at present. If we fill in “was”,we’re asking about the life in the past.
T: Do you agree with him/her?
Ss: Yes, we all think so.
T: Great. Now, let’s do the second sentence. Li Hui, you please read out your answer.
S: What are some of the problems that black people have?
T: Who has a different answer?
S: Can we fill in “were” here?
T: This is a good question. Think it over and explain why.(A moment later)Who can。