应用型大学英语综合教程3 Unit 8 电子教案

Unit Eight
A. Objectives of this unit
a. Content
1. Top 5 Business Maxims that Need to Go: be critical when reading about how to
run business.
2. Discussion: c reative application of book knowledge and predecessors’ experience.
3. A dialogue between a customer service agent and a customer.
4. A 20-year limited warranty.
b. Key language points
1. Negative plus comparative to emphasize.
2. Particles in phrases like on in “put the brakes on”as both an adverb and a
preposition.
3. Writing in chronological order.
c. V ocabulary
Basic requirements: 43 new words.
Intermediate requirements: 18 new words.
Advanced requirements: 11 new words.
d. Comprehensive skills
1. Understanding a passage of approximately 1,200 words at the advanced level of
difficulty.
2. Writing a 150-word summary of a passage of around 1,200 words at the advanced
level of difficulty.
3. Skills for surfing the Internet to collect information about how to conduct customer
satisfaction surveys.
4. Doing teamwork to complete the project of writing a mission statement.
e. Functions
1. Learning to be critical about book knowledge.
2. Getting familiar with customer satisfaction surveys.
B. Procedures and Methods
Eight teaching periods are needed to cover the present unit, among which four periods are for the module of Language Skills Development, three periods for the module of Language in Use and one mainly for the module of Enhancement of Language Abilities.
I. Part 1 Language Skills Development
1. Period One and Period Two:
●Step One: Starter
A. Listen to the song San Francisco and answer the following questions.
B. Listen to a passage and answer the following questions.
Before playing the tape, the instructor can ask the students to take a look at the new expressions in Mind Map first.
Then the instructor tells the students to listen to the passage and do the exercise.
This step shall take up 10-15 minutes.
●Step Two: New words and expressions
Go over the new words and expressions in the text (refer to Student’s Book Pages 212-214) to prepare students for the text learning.
The time for this step should not exceed 10 minutes.
●Step Three: Text teaching
Start teaching the text: Top 5 Business Maxims that Need to Go
Before delving into the text, the instructor can ask the students whether they have heard of any business maxims, like “Customer is always right,” or “Efficiency is life,”
etc.
After that, the text organization chart will be presented so that the students can expand each episode.
Then start the detailed study of the text and go through the text paragraph by paragraph. To help students understand the story, the instructor can explain the language points and ask students to answer the questions related to the text.
This step shall not take up more than one and a half periods.
Notes to Paras. 1-3
1. Top 5 Business Maxims that Need to Go必须废弃的5大商业警句
Top 5 business maxims means the five best-known pieces of advice or principle concerning how to conduct business.
Note that in“that need to go, ” go means “to be discarded or abolished放弃，摒弃”.
e.g.All luxuries will have to go.
The old sofa will have to go.
Note the eye-catching effect produced by the title. As we know, a maxim is “a rule or precept sanctioned by experience 得到经验验证的规则或教诲”. How come maxims should be abandoned? Such is the literary technique that sustains the reader’s interest.
2. Much well-known business advice is sadly obsolete but can still be found in articles,
business books, and, not least, in daily use in the workplace. 许多广为人知的商业建议早已过时，可叹的是却依然见诸各类文章和商业书籍，尤其是在工作场所经常使用。

obsolete:a.淘汰的，过时的，废弃的
e.g. Our service is obsolete, requiring root-and-branch reform.
not least:特别，尤其
e.g. The film caused bad feeling among many people, not least among the workers
whose lives it described.
Trade has been bad, not least because of increased costs.
3. It seems that some companies are still guided by thinking that is sadly out of date—if it
was ever true to begin with. 似乎有些公司仍然在受极其过时的思想指导——但首先就无法确定，这些思想是否有过正确的时候。

Meaning: It appears that some companies are still operating on ideas, principles or theories that are no longer valid—but in the first place, it is quite doubtful whether there was a time when these ideas, principles or theories were valid at all.
to begin with: 1) 一开始，刚开始的时候
e.g.I didn’t like him to begin with, but now he’s one of my best friends.
2) 首先，第一点（理由）
e.g. We can’t go. To begin with, it’s too cold.
4. The worst of these old maxims are not only wrong; they’re bad for people and bad for
business. 最糟糕的那些旧警句不但不正确，而且对员工、对业务都很有害。

Meaning: The worst of these out-of-date witty business sayings or popular principles are not only incorrect and misleading, but also harmful to the employees and the company alike.
be bad for: 对……有害，对……不利
e.g. Smoking is bad for your health.
Too much rain is bad for the crops.
5. Businesses that use them are making their employees unhappy and are harming the
bottom line. 遵循这些旧警句的企业让员工感觉不到快乐，并会损害公司的业绩。

Note that the phrase bottom line means “the net profit or loss 最终盈利或亏损”.
Interestingly, the phrase is no longer restricted to business, but has acquired more extensive applications, meaning “the deciding or crucial factor” or “the ultimate result or outcome”.
e.g. In radio you have to keep the listener listening. That’s the bottom lin e.
The bottom line, however, is that he has escaped.
6. Here’s my pick of the top 5 business maxims in serious need of an update—with a
suggested replacement for each. 下面是我挑选出的亟待更新的5大商业警句，并分别给出了相对应的新警句以供参考。

Meaning: I select 5 commonly known pieces of business advice or principle which urgently need to be revised in light of the new situations and new maxims are also recommended in place of the existing ones.
Notes to Paras. 4-7
7.We absolutely, positively must succeed. 我们绝对、一定、必须要成功。

absolutely:ad.绝对地；完全地
e.g. I trust his judgment absolutely.
8. ...people resist reporting bad news ……人们会不愿意报告坏消息
resist:vt./vi. 1) 抵制，阻挡
e.g. People need responsibility. They resist assuming it, but they cannot get along
without it.
2) 抵抗，反抗
e.g.She could hardly resist laughing.
Note that resist can only be followed by a noun (phrase) or gerund.
9. This is especially true when it’s backed up with punishment of those who make
mistakes. 若辅之以对犯错者的惩罚，就更能显出这条警句的荒谬。

Meaning:It (The maxim) is more likely to fail when the employees who make mistakes are punished.
back sth./sb. up: 证实；支持
e.g. Can you back up your claims?
The rebels backed up their demands with threats.
10. Admitting that mistakes happen and dealing constructively with them when they do
make mistakes less likely. 企业应承认错误是难以避免的，并在员工犯错时积极地去处理，如此才会减少错误的发生。

Meaning: When mistakes happen, the business should admit that mistakes are unavoidable and take actions with respect to them in a helpful manner. Only in this way can mistakes be best avoided.
constructively:ad.积极地；建设性地；有益地
e.g. It is my task to look critically and constructively at the flaws and the failures.
Note that constructively is derived from its adjective constructive.
constructive:a.建设性的；起改进或提高作用的；有帮助的
e.g.constructive criticism
11. Also, failure is often the path to new, exciting opportunit ies that wouldn’t have
appeared otherwise. 另外，失败通常指向新的、激动人心的机遇，而这些机遇只有在失败之后才能显现。

The path to sth.means “the way to reach or achieve sth.（达到或成就某事的）途径，方式”.
e.g. the path to opportunities/success/victory/riches/power/ruin
Note the usage of otherwise. Otherwise here means “under other circumstances在别的情况下”.
e.g.Otherwise they may get broken.
Otherwise can also mean “in another manner; differently 以另外的方式；不同地”.
e.g. We were going to play football, but it was so hot that we decided to do
otherwise.
Notes to Paras. 9-10
12. This tired business maxim often means that loyal hard-working employees are
scorned in favor of unreasonable customers. 这条陈腐的商业警句通常意味着为了讨好不可理喻的顾客，转而斥责那些忠心耿耿、勤劳敬业的员工。

Meaning: This outdated business saying usually indicates that reliable hard-working employees are criticized or even punished in order to please those customers who make unreasonable demands. But the result is just the opposite of what is expected: customer service deteriorates rather than improves.
loyal: a.忠诚的，忠贞的
e.g. She was loyal to her faith.
scorn: vt./vi. 1) 轻蔑，鄙视
e.g.Honest boys scorn sneaks and liars.
2) 不屑于（接受或做），轻蔑地拒绝
e.g. Many women scorn the use of make-up.
She scorned to hide away like a coward.
13. It also, ironically, results in bad customer service. 具有讽刺意味的是，遵从这条警
句通常导致客服质量很糟糕。

ironically: ad.具有讽刺意味地，出乎意料地
e.g. Ironically, she married one of her former classmates that she had looked down
upon.
The adjective and noun of ironically are ironic and irony respectively.
result in: 导致
e.g. I hope that this will result in the police finding your car.
All my effort resulted in nothing at all.
Note that result in has a different meaning from result from. We say “a cause results in
a result,” but “a result results from a cause.”
e.g. Excessive dosage of this drug can result in injury to the liver.
Great dangers can result from misconceiving of the enemy’s intentions.
14. ...concluding that sticking to“The customer is always right” makes employees
unhappy and that unhappy employees almost always give customers bad service. 我的结论是，坚持“顾客永远是对的”会使员工不快乐，而不快乐的员工提供给顾客的服务几乎总是糟糕的。

stick to:坚持，固守
e.g. He always sticks to his word.
He likes to stick to a happy medium.
Notes to Paras. 11-12&14
15. You can never be satisfied and complacent in business. 在商场上永远不能心满意
足，而要永不知足。

complacent: a.自满的，自鸣得意的
e.g. He shows a complacent smile.
We must not be complacent about our achievements.
16. This is a bad mistake which rests on a very fundamental misconception, namely, that
being satisfied means that you stop acting, that satisfaction breeds complacency, and therefore that a happy, satisfied company will be passive. 这一严重错误的根源在于一个根本性的概念错误，即满足意味着不思进取，满足会滋生沾沾自喜的情绪，因此一个快乐而满足的企业将陷于被动不前。

rest on:建立在……之上；依靠，以……为基础
e.g. His hopes rest on the leader.
Our policy should rest on the basis of self-reliance.
fundamental:a.1) 根本的，十分重大的
e.g. The book underwent fundamental revision.
2) 基本的，基础的
e.g.They stick to the fundamental principles of liberty and equality.
breed: vt.产生；导致
e.g. Familiarity breeds contempt.
Breed can also be used as an intransitive verb meaning “to produce (offspring); to give birth to or hatch 产（后代）；生，孵”.
e.g.Some animals will not breed in cages.
complacency:n.[U] 自满，自得
e.g. Complacency is a drawback to progress.
17. Nothing could be further from the truth. 没有比这种观念更离谱的了。

Note that negative plus comparative is an idiomatic way to emphasize an idea in English.
Here the sentence is intended to emphasize the absurdity of the maxim “Never be satisfied.”
18. It’s about appreciating the fact that people in constant states of dissatisfaction erode
an organization’s will and ability to act.而是要理解这样一个事实：员工长期处于
不满状态，便会使企业运转不够顺畅自如。

erode: vt.1) 逐渐毁坏，削弱
e.g.Her confidence has been slowly eroded by repeated failures.
2) 侵蚀，腐蚀，风化
e.g. The sea has eroded the cliff face over the years.
Metals are eroded by acids.
Notes to Paras. 15-16
19. In fact, being nice may hinder your career and impede results. 事实上，当好人可能
会阻碍我们的事业发展，并妨碍工作出成绩。

hinder:vt.阻碍，妨碍，阻挡
hinder sb./sth. (from sth./doing sth.): 阻碍、妨碍某人或某事物的进展；阻扰、耽搁某人或某事物
e.g. hinder sb. (from work)
The crowd hindered him from leaving.
impede: vt.阻碍，阻止
e.g. He impedes me to do the job well.
The inflexibility of the country’s labor market seriously impedes its economic
recovery.
20. In a networked world reputation matters and it’s more important to be generous and
likeable than to be ruthless and efficient. 在网络时代，声誉至关重要，慷慨和讨人喜欢比无情和高效更为要紧。

ruthless: a.残酷无情的，残忍的
e.g. He shows ruthless disregard for other people’s feelings.
Don’t be taken in by his charming manner; he’s completely ruthless.
Notes to Para. 18
21. Sometimes a business might be better off spending a quarter or a year not growing
but simply consolidating existing business. 有时候，用一个季度或一年的时间巩固现有业务远比扩张对企业更有意义。

Meaning: In some cases it might benefit a company more if it concentrates its efforts on strengthening instead of expanding its present business for a period of time like three months or a year. Therefore, maintaining the present scale of the company or even downsizing it does not necessarily mean losses.
be better off doing sth.: （在某种情况下）更好
e.g. He’d be better off going to the police about it.
consolidate:vt. 1) 使加强，使巩固
e.g. He bribes his leader to consolidate his position.
2) 联合，统一
e.g. He consolidated five separate agencies into a single department.
In this sense, consolidate can also be used as an intransitive verb.
e.g.The two companies consolidated last year.
22. Consequently, not growing or even shrinking does not automatically represent
business failure. 因此，不扩张甚至精减并不一定意味着企业的失败。

consequently:ad.所以，因而
e.g. He had been ill for a long time and consequently he was behind in his work. Notes to Para. 20
23. There is no correlation between growth and ultimate success. 扩张和最终的成功之
间并没有必然联系。

Meaning: A company’s expansion and the final outcome are not interrelated. Or, the expansion of a company does not necessarily mean it will make great success in the end.
24. For a while growth seems very glamorous, but the sustainability of growth is so
delicate that... 短期内，扩张看起来令人神往，然而如何维持其发展却颇为棘手……
glamorous: a.富有魅力的，富于刺激的，独特的
e.g.My job is not a very glamorous one but it does have its moments.
sustainability: n.[U] 持续性
e.g. GDP should be based on the sustainability of development.
The adjective and verb of sustainability are sustainable and sustain respectively.
delicate: a. 1) 微妙的，需要技巧的
e.g. a delicate situation
2) 易损的，脆弱的
e.g. a delicate child who is often ill
25. Who is viable in the airline business? 但能真正在航空领域获得成功的又有几家公
司？
viable: a.可望成功的；可实施的
e.g. a viable plan
economically viable
Notes to Paras. 21-22
26. Growing also entails its own risks, especially fast growth on borrowed money. 扩张
本身也有风险，特别是靠借贷维持的扩张。

Meaning: Expanding also brings risk, especially for those companies which borrow money to grow fast.
entail:vt.牵涉；使必需
e.g. an investment that entails high risk
Writing a history book entails a lot of work.
27. And one year we predicted 40 to 50 percent growth and there was a recession and all
of a sudden we only grew 20 percent. 有一年，我们预期按照40到50个百分点的速度增长，结果来了一场经济衰退，只增长了20个百分点。

recession: n. 1) [C, U] 经济衰退，不景气
e.g. The recession bankrupted my father.
2) [U] 退后，撤回
e.g. the gradual recession of the flood water
28. And at the same time, our bank was going belly up and we had cash-flow problems
and it went to absolute hell. 同时，跟我们联系的银行濒临破产，公司出现了资金流动问题，情况糟糕透顶。

The phrase belly up originates from the image of having a dead fish floating belly up, hence the association with “death”. In this sentence the expression has been extended to mean bankrupt.
e.g. The company is belly up.
go to hell:情况一团糟；下地狱（字面义或咒骂语）
e.g. This old house is just going to hell. It’s falling apart everywhere.
The priest said they would go to hell for their sins.
I didn’t like him so I told him to go to hell!
Note that absolute is used for emphasis.
e.g. That’s absolute rubbish on tele vision tonight.
29. And I realized that I was on the same track as society was—endless growth for the
sake of growth. 于是我恍然大悟，我和整个社会一样，走上了仅仅为了扩张而无休止地扩张这一轨道。

for the sake of: 为获得（或保持）某物
e.g. Never do wrong for the sake of money.
30. That’s when I dec ided to put the brakes on and decided to grow at a more natural
rate—which basically means that only when our customers want something do we make more, but we don’t prime the pump. 此时，我决定刹车，按照更为自然的速度来发展——这基本上意味着，只有在顾客有某种需求时，我们才扩大产量，但我们自己并不去主动投资以壮大企业。

”
Note that put the brakes on is not used in its literal meaning of applying the brakes to halt the vehicle (刹车). Rather, it is used figuratively in the sense of slowing down.
Also note that on in this expression is an adverb which can be moved left of the noun brakes, resulting in put on the brakes.
e.g. When you come to a red light, you must put on the brakes.
prime: vt. 将（某物）准备好
e.g.guard dogs primed for attack
Note that prime is more often used as an adjective.
1) 最佳的，最优的 e.g. a prime cut of beef
2) 主要的，首要的 e.g. a matter of prime importance
prime the pump:投资以振兴（新的或不景气的企业或行业）
e.g. His gift of money hadn’t been sufficient to prime the pump, and they went
bankrupt.
Notes to Para. 23
31. The scary thing about maxims is that they’re often accept ed unquestioningly because
they come in the shape of old adages which are repeated—a little like nursery rhymes used to educate children. 警句的可怕之处在于，人们通常不加怀疑地接受它们，因为它们是以不断重复的古老格言的形式出现——类似于用来教育孩子的童谣。

unquestioningly: ad.不表示怀疑地，不加质询地
e.g. The soldiers followed their general unquestioningly.
in the shape of: 以……形式表现（或体现）
e.g. a god in the shape of a swan
He offered his warning in the shape of friendly advice.
32. That means it’s not enough to oust the old maxims... 这就意味着，我们不但要淘汰
旧的警言……
oust: vt.剥夺；罢免；革职
e.g. Saddam was ousted by the American troops.
The arguing player was ousted from the game.
2. Period Three:
●Step One: Post-reading interaction
After the text teaching, the instructor can have the students listen to the recording of the whole text and see if they have any questions.
Then go on with the interaction activity (if necessary).
This step shall take not more than 18 minutes.
●Step Two:Working with words and phrases
Ask students to do Exercise 4 for the consolidation of text learning. While checking the answers, make explanations when necessary. This step shall take 10 minutes.
●Step Three:Discussion
Proceed to Exercises 5 to enhance students’oral English. Divide students into groups of 4 to 6 for the discussion task. Some of the answers to the questions in this section are open-ended. And the answers provided are merely f or the instructor’s reference. After group discussion, ask 3-5 students to report their answers to the whole
class. This step shall take not more than 15 minutes.
3. Period Four:
●Step One: Practice: interpreting and translation
After a brief revision of the whole text, ask students to do Exercises 6 together with their partner. Do this exercise to improve their interpreting skills as well as strengthen their text learning. Give them a few minutes to interpret the conversation into English before showing them the reference answer to help them improve their interpretation work. If time permits, have a few pairs to role-play the conversation in front of the class.
When doing Part A of Exercises 7, remind them to pay special attention to the italicized expressions. As for Part B of Exercises 7,ask them to complete the sentences and then compare their translation with the reference answers to improve their translation skills.
This step shall take not more than 20 minutes.
●Step Two:Practice: writing
When doing part A of Exercises 8, the summary writing may be assigned as homework after going through the outline quickly in class.
When doing Part B of Exercises 8, illustrate the basic sentence writing techniques: chronological order. Chronological order is not just used for historical events, but also used in business, science and engineering to explain processes and procedures. If time permits, ask students to finish the exercises after finishing the explanations, or assign it as homework.
This step shall take not more than 15 minutes.
●Step Three: Surfing the Internet
The Internet-based task shall be assigned as homework. Yet it is important to go through the instructions of Exercises 9 and make sure the students know the purpose of the task:to acquaint the students with skills of conducting customer satisfaction surveys.
This step shall take not more than 5 minutes.
II. Part 2 Language in Use
1. Period Five:
●Step One: Homework check
Check the homework assigned last period. Ask one or two students to read the summary and show the class the reference answer afterwards. As for the Internet task, have several students to give an oral presentation about conducting customer satisfaction surveys.
And ask the students to hand in their homework after class.
This step shall take not more than 10 minutes.
Step Two:Dialogue: a customer satisfaction survey
First ask the students to read and listen to the dialogue, and then fill in the blanks.
Second, play the tape again to check their answers.
Third, have the students try to translate the dialogue.
Fourth, ask a pair of students to role play the dialogue.
This step shall take around 20 minutes.
Notes to the dialogue
1. First of all, thank you for filling in our questionnaire. 首先，感谢您填写我们的调查问
卷。

fill in: 1) 填写
e.g. Please fill in the form enclosed herewith.
2) 补充（信息）
e.g. I’ve written the skeleton of my report, but I have to fill in the details.
2. You said that the customer service you received was “shoddy”. 您说，您得到的客户服
务很“低劣”。

shoddy: a. 1) 劣质的，粗制滥造的
e.g. That salesman really took us for a ride—these goods are very shoddy.
2) 奸诈的，卑鄙的
e.g.shoddy business practices/a shoddy trick
3. And you thought they were reasonably priced? 您觉得价格还算合理吧？
reasonably:ad. 1) 公平合理地；适度地
e.g. act reasonably
2) 尚可，过得去
e.g.She writes reasonably good children’s books.
Note that price is used here as a verb meaning “to fix or establish a price for (定价)”.
e.g. These goods are priced too high.
4. I’m a wheelchair user... 我靠轮椅活动……
Apart from the wheelchair, there are many other devices or apparatuses for disabled people:
artificial limb 假肢/walking stick 拐杖/mobility aid 助行器/hearing aid 助听器/typoscope 助视器/
massager 按摩器
5. We’ll also be sending you a HaiSports voucher for helping us with our survey. 我们还
将寄给您一张HaiSports的优惠券，以示对您帮助我们完成此次市场调查任务的感谢。

voucher:[C] 代金券；票券
e.g. luncheon voucher
Pay attention to the differences among these words or phrases:
●Step Three:Pair work: negotiating with a hotel assistant
Go through the directions to make sure the students have a full understanding of the task.
Ask students to make out a conversation according to the situation, referring to sentences in the learning box.
This step shall take not more than 10 minutes.
2. Period Six:
This period will be devoted to the text: 20-Year Limited Warranty
●Step One: New words and expressions
After a brief revision of some of the language points learned in the last period, begin the teaching of the warranty. And to begin with, quickly go through the new words and expressions listed after the text.
This step shall take not more than 8 minutes.
●Step Two:Text comprehension
After making sure the students know the meaning of the new words, ask them to read the whole passage once and answer the questions, which will help them gain a general understanding of the text.
This step shall take not more than 10 minutes.
●Step Three:Detailed study of the text
Proceed to the detailed study of the text after making sure the students have got a general idea of the text. When teaching the text, draw their attention to the applicable knowledge of warranty.
This step shall take around 20 minutes.
Notes to the warranty
1. FILL OUT AND MAIL WITHIN 10 DAYS OF PURCHASE TO REGISTER YOUR
WARRANTY. 请认真填写，并于购买之日起10天内寄出，以便及时登记保修信息。

warranty: n. [C, U] （商品）保修单，保修卡
e.g. The car comes with a three-year warranty.
As your machine is under warranty, I suggest getting it checked.
2. Leadership by Design设计引领者
leadership: n. 1) [U] 领导；领导地位
e.g. The party thrived under his leadership.
2) [U] 领导能力
e.g. He was dismissed for his lack of leadership.
3. Please tear out along dotted line.请沿虚线撕下。

tear: vt. 1) 撕下，拉掉
e.g. I tore another sheet from the pad.
2) 撕裂，扯破，撕碎
e.g. I tore a hole in my stocking.
tear out: 撕下，扯下
e.g. Several pages had been torn out of the book.
Notes to Paras. 1&3
4. Any defects in materials and workmanship. 与材料及工艺有关的任何缺陷。

workmanship: n. [U] 手艺，技艺，工艺
e.g. We admired the blacksmith’s workmanship.
He accused the garage of shoddy workmanship on the bodywork.
5. This warranty is not transferable. 本保修卡不可转让。

transferable: a.可转让的；可转移的；可转录的；可调动的
e.g. The shares are freely transferable.
Notes to Para. 5
6. If materials or manufacturing workmanship are found to be defective, New England
Arbors will at its sole discretion either replace the defective material or refund the product. 若材料或制造工艺有瑕疵，新英格兰Arbors公司将自行决定予以更换瑕疵商品或退款。

defective: a. 有缺点的，不完美的，有毛病的
e.g. Her vision is seriously defective.
discretion: n. 1) [U] 自行决定的自由；自行决定权
e.g.I’ll leave it up to you to use your discretion.
2) [U] 谨慎，慎重
e.g. She knew she could rely on his discretion.
at one’s discretion: 由某人斟酌决定，按照某人的意见
e.g. There is no service charge and tipping is at your discretion.
refund: vt.退款，退还，偿付
e.g. refund the purchase price
n. [C] 退款，返还款
e.g. Return your purchase within 14 days for a full refund.
7. Labour, installation and any similar costs are excluded specifically, and shall not be
paid by New England Arbors in any event. 由此产生的劳务、安装及其他类似费用另计，新英格兰Arbors公司不予承担。

installation: n. 1) [U, C] 安装，设置
e.g.I’m responsible for the installation of a central heating system.
2) [C] 安装的设备（或机器）
e.g.The whole computer installation was nearly new.
3) [U] 就职；就职仪式
e.g. the installation of the new vice-chancellor
Notes to Para. 6
8. Damage caused by failure to comply with New England Arbors installation guidelines,
by faulty installation, improper application, or in violation of codes or restrictions. 因未遵循新英格兰Arbors公司安装指南而造成的损坏，或因错误安装、使用不当或违规违例操作造成的损坏。

faulty: a. 1) 错误的
e.g. Through neglect of faulty judgment, he had failed to take security measures.
2) 有缺陷的，不完美的
e.g. She wrote a complaint letter to the manager about the faulty air conditioner.
restriction: n. 1) [C] 限制规定，限制法规
e.g.The government has agreed to lift restrictions on press freedom.
2) [U] 限制，约束
e.g. The park is open to the public without restriction.
9. Damage attributable to fire, violent storms, earthquake, ground movement or any
other causes; or to exposure to atmospheric pollutants or conditions other than natural weathering processes. 因遇火、暴风骤雨、地震、地面运动或其他原因造成的损坏；
或因暴露于大气污染物之中及非经正常风吹、日晒、雨淋等造成的损坏。

attributable to sb./sth.: 可归因于；由……引起
e.g. His illness is attributable to overwork.
Is this painting attributable to Michelangelo?
exposure: n. 1) [U] 面临，遭受（危险或不快）
e.g. The report recommends people to avoid exposure to sunlight too long.
2) [U] 揭露
e.g. the exposure of illegal currency deals
atmospheric: a. 1) 大气的；大气层的
e.g. Atmospheric nuclear tests are now banned by an international treaty.
2) 令人激动的
e.g. atmospheric music
10. Damage or discolouration due to misuse, abuse, improper storage, impact of objects, or
to the alteration of the product by applied heat or welding, by contact with solvents, epoxies, paints, chemicals or other substances, or by other physical or material alterations.因误用、滥用、存储不当、物体碰撞，以及通过加热、焊接或与溶剂、
环氧树脂、油漆、化学用品及其他物质接触而对产品进行改造所造成的损坏或变色；或因其他物理变化或材料改变导致的损坏。

misuse: n.误用；滥用
e.g. The machine was damaged by misuse.
misuse of company money
alteration: n. 1) [U] 更改，改动
e.g. The dress will not need much alteration.
2) [C] 改变，变化
e.g. We will have to make a slight alteration to the plans.
weld: vt. 1) 焊接，锻接
e.g. He welded the broken rod.
His job is to weld parts together.
2) 使紧密结合，使连成整体
e.g. The crisis helped to weld the party together.
Note to Para. 7
11. The provisions of this warranty shall constitute the entire liability of New England
Arbors, and the property owner’s exclusive remedy for breach of the warranty. 此保修卡所列条款即新英格兰Arbors公司所应承担全部责任及违反该保证情况下产品拥有者享有的唯一且排他的补偿方式。

remedy: n. 1) [C] 处理方法，改进措施，补偿
e.g. There’s no easy remedy for unemployment.
2) [C]（通过法律程序的）解决方法
e.g.What’s my remedy in law in the case?
3) [C] 疗法，治疗，药品
e.g. an excellent home remedy for sore throats
Note to Paras. 8-8.1
12. N ew England Arbors offers you a virtually maintenance-free product. 新英格兰
Arbors公司为您提供的产品基本上不需要保养。

virtually: ad. 事实上，实际上，几乎
e.g. He virtually lived in his office.
Note that the suffix -free means “without the thing mentioned”.
e.g. a trouble-free journey, duty-free cigarettes, a salt-free diet, a rent-free house,
lead-free oil
13. This type of brush has soft bristles, and the handle fastens onto the end of your hose,
which allows you to wash the product just like you wash your car. 这种刷子有软毛，且把手可以固定在软管一端，您可以像洗车一样冲洗该产品。

fasten: vi./vt. 1) 系住，扣上，束起
e.g. I was so fat that my skirt wouldn’t fasten.。