中考英语人教八上U1—2语法聚焦和练习及答案

中考英语人教八上U1—2语法聚焦和练习及答案
一、阅读理解。

When I was younger, bedtime was always my favorite part of the day. Wearing soft pajamas and with Lan, my stuffed monkey, in my arms, I felt no pressure at all.
I named Lan after my uncle when I compared Lan’s long arms and l egs to his. One night I ran up to Uncle Lan at a family party and told him I had named my monkey after him. His eyebrows wrinkled in confusion, then a chuckle（哈哈笑）escaped his lips. I guess he didn’t understand how important it was to me.
Even if Uncle Lan didn’t think my monkey was special, I certainly did. I dressed him in a white baby nightgown. My mother thought that Lan was the best-dressed stuffed animal in the world. Yes, he was certainly a fashionable creature. The strong cologne（科隆香水）I used on him years ago makes him still smell “pretty”.
For a long time, Lan went everywhere with me. He was my best friend, and I told him everything. But when I turned twelve, I realized I was too old for stuffed animals. I thought people would think I was babyish, so I put him in the cupboard with the rest of my teddy bears and dolls. I begged him to understand why I was doing this, but at the same time I longed to talk to him again.
It took me several years to realize that it was OK to miss Lan. I know now that maturity（成熟）doesn’t only mean growing up and taking on more responsibility. It also means holding on to your childhood and acting young sometimes.
Lan has been with me since I was six years old. Holding him in my arms connects me to my past and my present as I continue to grow and understand myself.
1. Which of the following is not true according to the text?
A. Bedtime used to be the writer’s favourite part of the day because of the stuffed monkey.
B. Uncle Lan liked the stuffed monkey as much as the writer.
C. The writer used to carry the monkey with her wherever she went.
D. Years later the writer realized that it was not wrong to miss Monkey Lan.
2. Why did the writer love Monkey Lan deeply?
A. He could understand her.
B. He was a fashionable monkey.
C. He could talk with her.
D. He was her most honest listener.
3. Why did the writer put the monkey away when he was twelve years old?
A. He thought Lan could understand.
B. He had some teddy bears and dolls.
C. He didn’t talk to Lan.
D. He thought people would think he was babyish.
4. What did the writer believe?
A. keeping stuffed animals is babyish.
B. Maturity doesn’t mean growing up and taking on more responsibility.
C. One should keep to his childhood and act young sometimes even when he has grown up.
D. Human beings should be kind to animals.
5. What can we infer from the text?
A. The writer is still a teenager.
B. The writer is now a middle-aged woman.
C. Monkey Lan got angry for being left alone
D. Uncle Lan has a monkey-like face
参考答案1. _B__ 2____ D___ 3. ___D___ 4. ___C___ 5_A ___
二、教材语法聚焦
1. 一般过去时的规则动词和不规则动词(八上Unit 1)
【基本用法】
规则动词变过去式一般情况下在词尾加-ed, 不规则动词的变化没有规律，需单独记忆。

【教材例句】
1. —Did you buy anything special? 你买了一些特别的东西吗？
—Yes, I bought something for my father. 是的，我给我父亲买了一些。

2. I really enjoyed walking around the town. 我真的喜欢在镇上到处走走。

【即学即练】
()1. Mary ______to Guilin with her parents two months ago.
A. went
B. goes
C. is going
D. has gone
()2. They______ her to the party, so she was very happy.
A. invite
B. will invite
C. are inviting
D. invited
2. 不定代词：anyone, everyone, something, nothing, anywhere等(八上Unit 1)
【基本用法】
不定代词可以代替名词和形容词，在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。

当形容词修饰不定代词时，形容词后置。

【教材例句】
1. Did you go anywhere interesting? 你去过一些有趣的地方吗？
2. Everyone was on vacation. 每个人都在度假。

3. Everything tasted really good. 每一样东西尝起来都很好吃。

4. I bought something for my father, but nothing for myself. 我给我父亲买了些东西，但我什么都没买。

【即学即练】
()3. Water is important to______，so there are many water festivals around the world.
A. everyone
B. anyone
C. no one
D. someone
()4. There isn't______ interesting in her book that can attract our reading passion.
A. nothing
B. something
C. anything
D. everything
3. 频度副词；how often引导的特殊疑问句(八上Unit 2)
【基本用法】
频度副词一般放在实义动词前，be动词或情态动词后。

how often “多久……”，对频率进行提问。

【教材例句】
1．—How often does he watch TV? 他多长时间看一次电视？
—He hardly ever watches TV. 他几乎不看电视。

2. —How often do you go shopping? 你多久购一次物？
—I never go shopping. 我从不购物。

3. —What do you usually do on weekends? 周末你通常干什么？
—I always exercise. 我总是锻炼。

【即学即练】
()5. I ______ride a bike to school. But this morning, I walked to school.
A. never
B. hardly
C. seldom
D. usually
()6. My aunt is quite nervous about her visit to London, because she has______ been abroad before.
A. ever
B. sometimes
C. never
D. seldom
()7.— ______do you watch TV?
—Once a week.
A. How long
B. How soon
C. How often
D. How much
参考答案：1～5 A D A C D6～7 C C
三、完形填空。

A group of adults, highly succeeded in their jobs, went to visit their old professor. Soon they began to__1__ the stress in work and life.
The professor went to the kitchen and returned __2__ a pot of coffee and all kinds of cups—crystal(水晶的), glass, plastic, some nice looking, some plain looking, some __3__, some cheap. And he told them to help __4__ to the coffee.
When all the students had a cup of coffee in hand, the professor said, “I’ve noticed that all the nice looking expensive cups were __5__, leaving behind the plain and cheap ones. While it is __6__ for you to want only the best for yourselves, that is the source of your __7__ and stress.
You know that the cup itself adds no quality to the coffee. __8__ you really wanted was coffee, not the cup, __9__ you consciously went for the best cups.
Now consider this: Life is the coffee; the jobs, money and __10__ in society are the cups. They are just __11__ to hold and contain life, and the type of cup does not change the quality of our life. Sometimes, by __12__concentrating only on the cup, we fail to enjoy the coffee that God
has __13__ us. God gave us the coffee, not the cups. Please enjoy your coffee!
The happiest people don’t have the best of everything. They just make the __14__ of everything. Live simply. Love feverously. Care deeply. Speak __15__. And leave the rest to God.
( )1. A. think of B. think for C. complain about D. drop out
( )2.A. for B. at C. in D. with
( )3. A. expensive B. ordinary C. strong D. serious
( )4. A. them B. themselves C. him D. everyone
( )5. A. mixed up B. left C. taken up D. refused
( )6. A. normal B. important C. impossible D. necessary
( )7. A. thoughts B. failure C. questions D. problems
( )8. A. Who B. How much C. What D. That
( )9. A. and B. but C. so D. or
( )10. A. position B. age C. health D. purpose
( )11. A. cups B. tools C. bags D. bowls
( )12. A. putting B. getting C. turning D. concentrating
( )13. A. taught B. provided C. returned D. bought
( )14. A. fun B. use C. the best D. the worst
( )15. A. kindly B. sadly C. rudely D. seriously
【答案详解】1-5 CDABC 6-10ADCBA 11-15BDBCA
1. C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

think of考虑；think for认为；complain about埋怨；drop out 离开；退出。

根据该句中提到的“stress in work and life.”可知他们开始埋怨工作和生活中的压力。

故选C。

2. D【解析】考查介词词义辨析。

for为；at在；in在……里面；with带有。

根据下文中“a large pit of coffee and all kinds of cups”可知教授回来的时候手里拿着各种各样的杯子。

故选D。

3. A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。

Expensive昂贵的；ordinary普通的；strong强壮的；serious 严肃的。

根据下文中“some cheap”可知此处为some expensive相对应。

故选A。

4. B【解析】考查固定用法。

Help oneself to something表示“随便吃/喝些什么”。

该句句意：他告诉他们随便喝些咖啡吧。

故选B。

5. C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

mix up混合；left剩下；take up占用；refuse拒绝。

根据下文“leaving behind the plain and cheap ones.”，可推断所有好看的昂贵的杯子都被占用了。

故选C。

6. A【解析】考查形容词辨析。

normal普通的；important重要的；impossible不可能的；necessary 必要的。

根据上文提到了教授的学生都拿了漂亮的昂贵的杯子，所以看判断该句子为“对你们来说只用好杯子是很普通的”。

故选A。

7. D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

Thought想法；failure失败；question（口头）问题；problem 麻烦；问题。

根据下文的stress可推知此处为麻烦。

故选D。

8. C【解析】考查疑问词辨析。

who谁；how much多少；what什么；that那个。

根据该句中的关键词“office”可知句意：你真正需要的是咖啡。

故选C。

9. B【解析】考查连词词义辨析。

and和，并且；but但是；so因此；or或者，否则。

根据上文提到了真正需要的是咖啡，下文又提到都选择了最好的杯子，所以，此处需要一个转折连词。

故选B。

10. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

position职位；age年龄；health健康；purpose目的。

根据该句中的关键词“in society”，可知选项中只有“职位”符合句意，它和工作、金钱相对应。

故选A。

11. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

cups杯子；tools工具；bags包；bowls碗。

根据上文提到了“杯子”，可推知他们仅仅是生活的工具。

故选B。

12. D【解析】考查固定用法。

concentrate on集中于，句意：有时候，我们仅仅把精力集中在被子上。

故选D。

13. B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

taught教；provide提供；return归还；bought买。

根据句意：我们没有享受上帝______给我们的咖啡。

很明显此处需要一个动词“提供”合乎题意。

故选B。

14. C【解析】考查形容词最高级用法。

根据上文“最幸福的人并不一定有最好的一切。

”中的关键词“the happiest”和“best”可知该处也应该用最高级，根据语境该句句意：他们只是制造最好的一切。

可知她的父亲对自己的童年有清晰的记忆。

故选C。

15. A【解析】考查副词词义辨析。

kindly友好地；sadly伤心地；rudely粗鲁地；seriously严肃地。

根据上文中的“简单地生活。

广泛地爱。

深深地关心。

”可知此处只有“友好地说”符合语境。

其他选项不符合题意。

故选A。

四、短文改错。

先判断每一行上是否有错误。

There is advantages for students to work while 1._________
studying at school. One of the them is that 2. _________
they can earn money. For the most part 3. _________
students worked to earn money for their own 4. _________
use. Earning their own money allow them 5. _________
to spend for anything as they please. 6. _________
They would have to ask their parents for 7. _________
money or for permission doing things with 8. _________
the money. Some students may also to save 9. _________
up for our college or future use. 10. _________
参考答案
1.is→are从下文内容判断应该是多个优点，主谓一致要用复数形式。

2.去掉the one of...后面的代词前不加限定词。

若接名词，要有修饰语。

3.√
4.worked→work通篇文章用的都是一般现在时态，此句不涉及过去的动作。

5.allow→allows动名词短语作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。

6.for→on spend on...“在……花钱”，是固定搭配。

7.would 后加not从前文判断应是否定含义，如用肯定句与下文不符。

8.doing→to do ask sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事。

9.去掉to may是情态动词，后面要接动词原形。

10.our→their本句主语是some students，后面的物主代词应该与前面的主语一致。

一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷
1．阅读理解
One day, Tom's teacher, Miss Mak, held a class meeting. "There will be a flag day next Saturday. Does anyone want to join this meaningful event (活动)?" asked Miss Mak. Tom was interested in raising money for homeless children but he was not brave enough to talk to the strangers, so he kept quiet in his seat.
"Tom, you haven't sold flags before," said Miss Mak suddenly. "Would you like to have a try?"
Tom was hesitant(犹豫的)，but he finally nodded.
On the flag day, Tom and Angela sold flags in a busy street. "Ex-cuse me, Could y-o-u pl-ea-se buy ...?" said Angela softly to the first person she met. The man smiled and put five-dollar coin into Angela's collection bag. Then she said thanks and put a flag under his shoulder. "I did it!" said Angela happily. "It's your turn now."
Feeling nervous. Tom began to shake. Soon, he saw a young lady walking towards him.
The lady was smiling and holding a few coins in her hand. She asked, "Are you selling flags for
Fund for the Homeless Childred?" Tom's face became red and said yes. Then the lady made the donation(捐赠) and Tom gave her a flag. "You made it!" laughed Angela.
In the next couple of hours, Angela and Tom sold flags quickly and bravely. Al last, their collection bags were so heavy that they had to hold them with both arms. They felt very proud.（1）Why did Tom keep quiet in his seat?
A. He had other plans.
B. He didn't like Miss Mak.
C. He was not interested in the activity.
D. He was not brave enough to talk to the strangers.（2）When Miss Mak asked Tom to have a try, he finally .
A. laughed
B. nodded
C. refused
D. cried
（3）Where did Tom and Angela sell flags?
A. In a busy street.
B. In their school.
C. In a tall building.
D. In a small garden.（4）How much did the first man pay Angela for the flag?
A. Five dollars.
B. Ten dollars.
C. Fifteen dollars.
D. Twenty dollars.（5）How did Tom and Angela feel after they sold the flags?
A. Bored.
B. Shy.
C. Confident.
D. Sad.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
（4）A
（5）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：Tom与Angela在学校组织的卖小国旗活动中，战胜了自己，出色地完成了任务。

（1）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句Tom was interested in raising money for homeless children but he was not brave enough to talk to the strangers, so he kept quiet in his seat.理解可知，Tom 不敢与陌生人说话，所以保持了沉默，故选D。

（2）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句Tom was hesitant(犹豫的)，but he finally nodded.理解可知，最后在Mark老师的鼓励下，Tom最后答应参加学校举行的卖国旗的活动，故选B。

（3）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句On the flag day, Tom and Angela sold flags in a busy street. 理解可知，Tom与Angela在一个闹市区卖国旗，故选A。

（4）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句The man smiled and put five-dollar coin into Angela's collection bag. 理解可知，第一个人给了Angela五美元，故选A。

（5）理解归纳题。

根据文中的语句In the next couple of hours, Angela and Tom sold flags quickly and bravely. 理解可知，Tom与Angela通过这一活动，对自己充满了信心，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本题主要考查了细节理解题，以及判断题，做题的时候，先从题
目中找到一个关键词，它可以帮助我们很快地定位原文，找到答案。

2．阅读理解
Everyone faces challenges in their life, but some are more important than others. Daniel Kish had serious problems with his eyes when he was born. And doctors took away both of his eyes before he was fourteen months old.
Soon after, however, he started to do an amazing thing. He started to make clicking(咔嗒) sounds with his tongue(舌头) to help him move around. Much like a bat(蝙蝠), he now moves about using sonar(声呐). He is so good at it that he can ride a bicycle in traffic. He and his group, World Access for the Blind, teach others how to use sonar. In this interview with National Geographic, Kish explains how the process works.
How does sonar work?
"When I make a clicking sound, it makes sound waves. These waves reflect(反射) off surfaces all around and return to my ears. My brain then processes the sounds into images(图像). It's like having a conversation with the environment
When you click, what do you see in your mind?
"Each click is like a camera flash. I make a 3D image of the things around me for hundreds of feet in every direction
What is it like riding a bike using sonar?
"It's exciting and enjoyable but requires a lot of focus. I click up to two times per second, much more than I usually do."
Is it dangerous to move around the world in this way?
"Much of the world lives in fear of things that we mostly imagine. I have a habit of climbing anything and everything, but I never broke a bone (骨头) as a kid.”
How challenging is it to teach people to use sonar?
"Many students are surprised how quickly results come. Seeing isn't in the eyes, it's in the mind."
（1）What's the main idea of Paragraph 2?
A. Kish explains how sonar works.
B. Kish teaches people how to use sonar.
C. Kish started to move around using sonar.
D. Kish is good at riding a bicycle in traffic.
（2）How does sonar work? Choose the right order.
a. The sound waves reflect off surfaces.
b. The person makes a clicking sound.
c. The brain makes images with the sounds.
d. The sound waves reach the persons ears.
A. b-a-c-d
B. b-d-a-c
C. a-b-d-c
D. b-a-d-c
（3）What can we know about Kish from the passage?
A. He always challenges himself bravely.
B. He lives in fear of things that he imagines.
C. He became blind when he was 14 years old.
D. He broke his bone when climbing as a child.
（4）What would be the best title for the passage?
A. How Sonar Works.
B. Riding a Bike Using Sonar.
C. Seeing with the Mind.
D. How the Blind Move Around.
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）A
（4）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文叙述一个能面对生活挑战的人Daniel Kish十四个月打之前由于出生时眼睛有严重问题，双眼都被摘掉了。

但是他现在开始使用声纳。

他擅长骑车，所以在交通中他能骑自行车。

他和他的团队，盲人世界通道，教别人如何使用声纳。

当问到教人们使用声纳有多困难，许多学生都惊讶于结果来得如此之快。

眼见不在眼里，它在心里。

（1）段落大意题。

由he now moves about using sonar(声呐). He is so good at it that he can ride a bicycle in traffic. He and his group, World Access for the Blind, teach others how to use sonar. In this interview with National Geographic, Kish explains how the process works. 可知本段主要说明Daniel Kish现在开始使用声呐来帮助他四处走动。

故选C。

（2）细节理解题。

由a：When I make a clicking sound, it makes sound waves. b：These waves reflect off surfaces all around and d：return to my ears. c：My brain then processes the sounds into images It's like having a conversation with the environment。

可知正确的顺序b-a-d-c，故选D。

（3）推理判断题。

由Soon after, however, he started to do an amazing thing. He started to make clicking sounds with his tongue to help him move around. Much like a bat, he now moves about using sonar. He is so good at it that he can ride a bicycle in traffic. He and his group, World Access for the Blind, teach others how to use sonar.然而，不久之后，他开始做一件了不起的事情。

他开始用舌头发出咔哒声来帮助他四处走动。

就像蝙蝠一样，他现在开始使用声纳。

他擅长骑车，所以在交通中他能骑自行车。

他和他的团队，盲人世界通道，教别人如何使用声纳。

可知他能够开始使用声纳到处走动，并擅长骑自行车同时教会盲人使用声纳。

能像正常人一样生活，已经勇敢地战胜了自我。

故选A。

（4）标题判断题。

由最后段How challenging is it to teach people to use sonar? "Many students are surprised how quickly results come. Seeing isn't in the eyes, it's in the mind."可知使用声纳不是用眼睛看，而是在用心。

只有选项C才能揭示文章的内容，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

3．阅读材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

Every year, more than 26,000 children arrive in Britain. We ask some new arrivals what they like best about their new lives and what's different from home.
（1）Among the above four children, ________ probably likes the new school life best.
A. Luck
B. Zinah
C. Jarck
D. Daisy
（2）In Zinah's eyes, her maths teacher in India might be ________.
A. cold
B. strict
C. patient
D. humorous
（3）The passage is probably taken from ________.
A. a travel magazine
B. an education website
C. a geography textbook
D. a business newspaper
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了Jarek，Daisy，Lucy和Zinah来到英国以后自己的学习生活体验。

（1）细节理解题。

根据文中第一个方框中的语句 I like teachers here. 可知，Jarek喜欢这里的学校生活，故选C。

（2）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句I love the maths class because the teacher is really funny, just like my maths teacher in India. 理解可知，Zinah认为他的数学老师比较滑稽，幽默，故选D。

（3）理解归纳题。

通读全文可知，这篇文章主要介绍了四个到英国学习的学生自己的学习体会，应该与教育有关，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。

4．根据短文内容，判断句子正误。

Alice was a student in a secondary school. The school was on the other side of the street from my house. Every day. I watched her play basketball after school from my house. She played very well, much better than any other of her classmates. And she never stopped. She practised over and over again, sometimes until it was very dark.
One day, I asked her, "why do you practise so hard? You are playing very well."
"That's because I want to play in the city basketball team," she looked at me and said proudly. "But I'm still not good enough. I must work hard." I was moved by her great courage.
Another day, I saw her crying on the grass, instead of playing basketball. I walked across the street and sat down by her side.
"Why are you crying, girl?" I asked.
"The coach of the city basketball team told me that I couldn't go on playing basketball because I was too short."
But some days later, I saw her playing basketball again, practising even harder than before. I was curious(好奇的) and asked her the reason. "My father told me if my dream is big enough, nothing can stop me." I was moved again.
（1）Alice's school was not far away from the writer's home.
（2）The writer was touched when he heard what Alice said in the third paragraph.
（3）From the passage we know Alice was a hard-working girl.
（4）Alice's father told her that she was too short to go on playing basketball.
（5）Alice might give up playing basketball according to the last paragraph.
【答案】（1）1
（2）1
（3）1
（4）0
（5）0
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了Alice因为不能继续打篮球，非常难过。

（1）推理题。

根据I watched her play basketball after school from my house放学后，我在家看她打篮球，可知爱丽丝的学校离作家的家不远，故正确。

（2）细节题。

根据I was moved by her great courage，可知当作者听到爱丽丝所说的话时，他很感动，故正确。

（3）推理题。

根据She practised over and over again, sometimes until it was very dark 她一遍又一遍地练习，有时直到天黑，可知从文章中我们知道爱丽丝是一个勤奋的女孩，故正确。

（4）细节题。

根据The coach of the city basketball team told me that I couldn't go on playing basketball because I was too short教练告诉我，我不能继续打篮球，因为我太矮了，可知爱丽丝的父亲告诉她，她太矮了，不能继续打篮球是错的，故错误。

（5）推理题。

根据nothing can stop m没有什么能阻止我，可知爱丽丝可能会放弃打篮球是错的，故错误。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断
题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

5．阅读理解
As a child, Alain Robert was afraid of heights. One day, when he was 12, he returned home from school. He didn't find his keys. It was 3:30pm and his parents worked until 6：00 pm. Alain looked at his apartment on the eighth floor. He saw an open window. He closed his eyes and imagined himself climbing the building. When he opened his eyes, he told himself, "I can do it." Fifteen minutes later, he was in his house and his fear of heights was gone.
Today, Alain still climbs buildings. In 2003, he climbed a building in London dressed as Spiderman (蜘蛛人) to advertise the movie. In 2004, he climbed Taipei 101 (one of the tallest buildings in the world). To reach the top of a building, Alain uses only his hands and special shoes. Alain climbs as a hobby. He also does it to make money for charity (for poor children and the homeless). When he climbs, he wants to send a message to people. If you have a dream, you must be brave and keep trying. If something bad happens, don't give up. Close your eyes and tell yourself, "I can do it."
（1）The main idea of this passage is that ________.
A. climbing buildings is easy
B. Alain Robert is afraid of heights
C. everyone can climb a tall building
D. you can control your fears
（2）When Alain climbs a building, he uses ________.
A. his hands and special shoes
B. special tools
C. his hands only
D. his special shoes only
（3）The underlined word "charity" means " ________ ".
A. 享受
B. 休闲
C. 慈善
D. 消费（4）Alain climbs ________.
A. for fun and for his health
B. for charity and for his job
C. for his health and for charity
D. for charity and for fun
（5）If you feel afraid to do things, what's Alain's advice? ________.
A. Practice climbing buildings.
B. Tell yourself "I can do it."
C. If something bad happens, then stop.
D. Try to do something else.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
（5）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：小时候，阿兰·罗伯特恐高。

一天，他放学回家。

他没有找到钥匙。

他看到一扇开着的窗户。

自己爬上了大楼。

当他睁开眼睛时，他对自己说：“我能做到。

”十五分钟后，他在自己的房子里，他的恐高症消失了。

今天，阿兰还在爬建筑物。

为了到达建筑物的顶部，阿兰只用他的手和特殊的鞋子。

阿兰爬山是个爱好。

他还为慈善事业（为贫困儿童和无家可归者）赚钱。

如果你有一个梦想，你必须勇敢并不断尝试。

如果有不好的事情发生，不要放弃。

闭上眼睛，告诉自己，“我能做到。

”
（1）主旨大意题，根据If something bad happens, don't give up. Close your eyes and tell yourself, "I can do it."可知，当有不好的事情发生的时候，比这眼睛告诉自己能行，所以人们是能够控制自己的恐惧情绪的，故答案是D。

（2）细节理解题，根据Alain uses only his hands and special shoes.可知，阿兰用手和特殊的鞋来攀爬建筑物，故答案是A。

（3）词义猜测题，根据(for poor children and the homeless)可知该单词的意思是“慈善”，故答案是C。

（4）细节理解题，根据Alain climbs as a hobby. He also does it to make money for charity (for poor children and the homeless).可知阿兰的攀爬一是为了慈善也是为乐获得乐趣，故答案是D。

（5）细节理解题，根据If something bad happens, don't give up. Close your eyes and tell yourself, "I can do it."可知，当你害怕做某事的时候，阿兰的建议是告诉自己“我能做到”，故答案是B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节理解题、主旨大意题和词义猜测题。

细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；词义猜测题，需要根据单词所在的语境，进行合理想象，确定单词的意思；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。