飞机结构类常用英汉词汇

飞机结构类常用英汉词汇
飞机结构aircraft structure
单翼机monoplane 多翼机multiplane
舰载飞机shipplane 雪上飞机ski-plane
水上飞机aerohydroplane；seaplane；hydroplane；hydro—airplane 低翼low wing 高翼high wing
三角形机翼delta wing
前掠的forwardswept 后掠的backswept
后掠角sweepback；backward sweep；positive sweep
大迎角high incidence
机头nose 机头下沉nose heavy
机头罩nose fairing 机身fuselage
前机身fwd fuselage 中前机身mid-fwd fuselage 中后机身mid-aft fuselage 后机身aft fuselage
全机身whole fuselage 机翼wing
翼展span;wingspread 翼展方向spanwise
半翼展semispan 襟翼flap
前缘襟翼leading-edge flap 副翼aileron
后缘T.E. (trailing—edge）后缘襟翼trailing—edge flap
前缘L.E.(leading-edge）缝翼slat
前缘缝翼leading—edge slat 襟副翼flaperon
翼尖wingtip 翼梢小翼winglet
翼刀wing fence 翼面plane
翼片panel 安定面stabilizer
水平安定面horizontal stabilizer；tailplane
平尾horizontal tail（wing）垂直安定面vertical stabilizer 升降舵elevator
垂尾vertical tail （wing)
尾翼empennage, tail 方向舵yaw rudder;rudder 全动式水平尾翼all—moving horizontal tail
机尾罩empennage cover
起落架landing gear
主起落架main landing gear（MLG)
前起落架nose landing gear （NLG)
起落架舱门landing gear door
起落架轮舱landing gear wheel well
动力装置power plant 涡轮turbine
涡轮螺浆喷气发动机propjet
涡轮冲压式喷气发动机turboramjet
涡轮喷气发动机turbojet
涡轮发电机turbo-generator
涡扇发动机turbofan engine
座椅固定卡臂seat fixing clamp arm
座椅操纵开关seat control switch
座椅导向滑轮seat guide—pulley
座椅滑轨seat track
短舱nacelle 货舱cargo compartment
座舱盖cockpit cover 风挡windshield；windscreen 气密舱pressurized cabin 应急舱门emergency door
整流罩fairing 翼箱wing box
壁板panel 导流片Jetevator
扰流片spoiler
增升装置lift augmentation device
操纵面control surface
作动筒ram；actuating cylinder
作动筒支臂jack lever
防冰系统de—icing system/Anti－icing system
补偿片tab 调整片trimmer
辐条spoke 浮筒float；pontoon 整体油箱integral fuel tank 地板floor panel
斜梁diagonal spar 龙骨梁keel beam
地板梁floor beam 吊挂pylon
吊挂前梁pylon front spar 吊挂后梁pylon rear spar 吊挂前缘整流罩pylon leading—edge fairing
吊挂后缘整流罩pylon trailing-edge fairing
封闭肋closing rib 辅助梁auxiliary spar 暗箱dark slide；dark chamber
半硬壳式结构semi-monocoque structure
静定结构statically determinant structure
静不定结构(非静定结构）non-statically determinant structure
梁spar, beam, longeron 腹板web
支架bracket 柱column
隔框bulkhead, frame 框frame
铰链hinge 缘条(凸缘）flange, cap
盖板cover plate 蒙皮skin
化铣蒙皮chemical-milled skin 耳片lug
长桁stringer 桁boom；girder 桁板flitch 桁架truss；boom 维护口盖access panel；access door
加强板doubler
加强肋intercostal；stiffener 接头fitting
板（厚）plate 薄板sheet
条带strap 法兰边flange
加劲件stiffener 环ring
箍buckle;collar；ferrule
箍带；箍圈clamp；clamping ring
卡箍keeper；dog；collar；clamp；clip
卡盘cartridge；chuck 卡抓clamping pawl 挡块dog；stop block 挡油板scraper plate
挡油套oil sealing sleeve 挡油圈oil baffle、
安全阀relief valve；safety valve
减轻孔lightening hole 工具孔tooling hole
销钉孔pin hole 盲孔blind hole
安装面fitting surface 安装角setting angle
奥氏体austenite 毛坯blank
铸件casting 锻件forging
锻工blacksmith；smith 棒材bar
管材tubing 钣弯件former
钣金件sheet metal 箔材foil
线材wire 型材section，shape, profile
角材angle 帽型材hat （section）T型材T—section 工字梁I beam
盘型件pan 机加件machined part 槽型件channel 挤压型材extruded section
剪切角材shear angle 剪切角片shear clip
拉伸角材tension angle
机加操作machining operation
精加工finish;finishing;smoothing；burnish；refinement
粗加工roughing；rough finishing
精密加工的precision-machined
车工工艺turnery
车刀turning tool；lathe tool;gad
精车刀finishing tool
粗车刀roughing tool；roughing turning tool
粗车rapid rough turning；rough turning
车床lathe；turning lathe；turning machine；turning mill
车工lathe hand;turner
车端面face turning 车螺纹thread cutting；threading 车平面facing;face 车丝刀t hread tool
车外圆surface turning 车削turning
车削面turning surface 车锥度taper turning
钳clip；tongs;holdfast；clamp;clipper
钳工bench hand；bench work
钳工车间locksmith’s department
铣mill 铣工miller hand；miller
铣床milling machine;mill；miller
龙门铣床gantry milling machine；planer type milling machine
立式铣床vertical milling machine
立式钻床upright drilling machine
铣键槽keyseat 铣平面face miling
铣切深度milling depth
刨shave;plane 刨床planer
牛头刨shaper 立式牛头刨vertical shaper 龙头刨double housing planer
龙门剪床square shears
刨式铣床planer type miller 刨刀planer tool
刨削plane；planing；gouging
磨；磨削grinding 磨工车间grindery
磨床grinder；grinding machine
磨工grinder 磨工夹具grinding attachment 磨光abrade；tumbling；grind；grinding;polish；shine
镗（孔）bore；boring 镗床borer；boring machine 精镗precision boring
镗刀boring cutter 铰孔ream;reaming
铰刀reamer 滚刀hob;hobbing
滚齿机hobbing machine 滚花knurling
滚丝机thread rolling machine 滚轮roller；rolling wheel
滚筒drum；pulley;reel;roll；roller
滚铣hob 滚铣法（齿轮的）generating 滚压rolling pressing 滚圆rolling circle
滚轧roll 退刀纹ran-out
锻forge;hammering 精锻件precision forging 自由锻件hand forging 模锻件molded forging 坯锻billet
铆接riveting
焊接welding 胶接adhesive bonding 螺接bolting 拼接splice，splicing 对接butt splice 搭接overlap splice
锪平spotfacing 埋头窝countersink
钻孔drilling 铰孔reaming
填角fillet 倒角chamfer
镗孔boring 扩孔counter boring
补钻孔counter drilling 螺栓头bolt head
铆钉头rivet head 镦头upset head
螺纹thread 外螺纹external thread
公制metric system 公制螺纹metric thread
公制锥度;公制退拔metric taper
最小壁厚minimum wall thickness 加强槽beads
内圆角半径fillet radii 弯曲半径bending radii
弯曲线bending line 弯曲角bending angle
下陷joggle 滚制波纹beading
成形forming 锉/锉刀file
大螺帽扳手dwang 方头扳手square spanner
活动扳手adjustable spanner 活口扳手shifting spanner
开口扳手open end spanner 开锁扳手unlocking spanner 套筒扳手box spanner；socket spanner
刮刀adz；knife;scraper；scraping cutter；slicker
刮孔口刀spot faceplate 厚薄规feeler
弧形尺circular scale 虎钳jaw；pliers；vice(vise) 尖头钳pointed pliers 卡钳calipers
开口钳open mouth tongs 卡规templet
卡尺calipers;sliding caliper；caliper rule
划窝钻counter sink drill 环孔钻annular auger
定心钻spotter 麻花钻头twist drill
拉伸tension 拉伸应力tensile stress
压缩compression 压缩应力compression stress 剪切shear 剪切应力shear stress
弯曲bending 弯矩bending moment 扭转torsion 扭矩torque
纵向的longitudinal 横向的transverse, lateral
铆钉rivet 抽芯铆钉cherry rivet
无头铆钉slug 实心铆钉solid rivet
销pin 开口销cotter pin
关节销clevis pin 关节销钉knee pin
安装销sheer pin；installation pin,locating pin
方销square cotter 搭接线jumper
搭铁线Ground connection环槽钉lock bolt
螺栓bolt 锥形螺栓taper-lok, tapered bolt 高锁螺栓Hi-Lock 钉套collar
拉紧螺栓fastening bolt 带孔螺栓eye bolt
垫圈washer 衬套bushing
环形垫圈cupwasher 垫片filler，spacer
薄垫片shim 盖筒cup
螺钉screw 定位螺钉fixing screw
封口螺钉cap screw 定位销钉tommy；dowel
螺桩stud 道钉spike
螺帽;螺母 nut 盖螺帽cap nut
托板螺母nut plate 带条螺母nut channel
桶形螺母barrel nut 环形螺帽ring nut
后挡螺盖end plate 后挡螺盖锁扣end plate latch
后挡螺盖止动器end plate stop
后挡螺盖止动缺口brake notch of end plate
后顶针座tailstock 后盖rear end cover
齿轮gear 后齿轮rear gear;backgear 轴承bearing 滚动轴承rolling bearing
滚珠轴承ball bearing 滚针needle
滚针轴承needle bearing 滑动轴承sliding bearing
径向止推滚珠轴承radial thrust-ball bearing
空气轴承compressed—air bearing
滚珠槽ball slot 滚柱roller
滚柱轴承roller bearing
键dowel；jaw
花键spline 滑键feather
簧杆spring bar 簧片anchor
螺纹抽钉rivnut，blind nut
带套环的螺纹抽钉flushlok bolt
盲紧固件blind fastener
金属metal 金属的metallic
非金属nonmetal 非金属的nonmetallic 合金alloy
高温合金superalloy 镁合金magnesium alloy
铝合金aluminum alloy 钛合金titanium alloy
合金钢alloy steel 碳钢carbon steel
结构钢structural steel 不锈钢stainless steel
沉淀硬化不锈钢precipitation-hardening stainless steel
超高强度钢super—high-strength steel
耐腐蚀钢corrosion resistant steel
复合材料composite (material）
先进复合材料advanced composite
蜂窝honeycomb
蜂窝夹芯honeycomb andwich
蜂窝夹芯结构honeycomb sandwich structure
包铝层Al clad 包铝薄板Al clad sheet
热处理heat treatment
退火anneal 退火处理annealing
淬火quench/harden；temper 淬火处理quenching
分级淬火step quench；stepped quenching
淬冷quenched 正火normalizing 回火temper
回火处理tempering 奥氏回火Austempering 时效aging 人工时效artificial aging 自然时效natural aging
渗氮azotize；nitriding 脱氮denitrogenation
渗碳carburete；carburetion；cementation;carburizing；carburization 过烧over—burning
氢脆hydrogen attack；hydrogen embrittlementt
表面光饰surface finish
抛光polish
表面光洁度finish
表面粗糙度surface roughness
表面处理surface treatment
涂层coating
喷丸shot peen;shot blas
镀铬chromium plate
化学铣切chemical milling
阳极氧化anodize
铬酸阳极氧化chromic acid anodize
硬质阳极氧化hard anodize
硫酸阳极氧化sulfuric acid anodize
阳极氧化处理anodize treatment, anodizing
化学工艺和表面处理chemical processes ＆finishes
检测inspection
无损探伤non—destructive inspection
X射线检验inspection by x-ray；radioscopy
超声波探伤ultrasonic inspection
磁力探伤magnetic inspection
着色检查penetrant inspection
公差tolerance 偏差deviation
线性公差linear tolerance 角度公差angular tolerance 配合公差tolerance to fit 配合fit
干涉配合interference fit 间隙配合clearance fit
松配合loose fit 紧配合tight fit
径向跳动量（整流子）radial beats
基准线datum line, reference line
机身基准平面fuselage reference plane
机身对称中心线fuselage symmetrical center line
站线station line 站位station
竖线buttock line 水线water line
斜角bevel
硬度hardness 韧性toughness
断裂韧性fracture toughness 磨损abrasion 疲劳fatigue
挤压强度bearing strength
抗剪强度shearing strength；resistance to shearing
抗拉强度resistance to tension；tensile strength
抗压强度compressive strength；resistance to compression 抗弯强度resistance to bending
抗疲劳强度fatigue resistance
声疲劳acoustic fatigue
标准工艺装备master tools 工装协调tool coordination 模线lofting 样板template
型架jig 协调coordination
互换性Interchangeability；duplicity
靠模template;explorator；profile
二维图样2D drawing
三维数模3D mathematical model
数学模型mathematical model
数字化样机digital mockup(DMU）
数字化预装配digital pre-assembly(DPA）
风洞channel 风洞【空】tunnel
风洞试验wind tunnel test;blasting
风洞试验室tunnel laboratory 升力系数lift coefficient
失速stall；stalling
动平衡dynamic equilibrium 包络线envelope
试飞test flight；test hop 安全系数factor of safety 海拔高度sea level elevation 额定升限rated ceiling
理论升限absolute ceiling；theoretical ceiling
实际升限operating ceiling；service ceiling
额定工作状态rated operation 额定状态rated state
加力状态after burning rating 抖振buffet；buffeting 飞行特技aerobatics;aerobation
还原动作homing action
巡航速度cruising speed
分速度component of velocity分频器frequency divider 干扰箔条chaff 表面放电surface discharge 电致伸缩（反压电效应）Electrostriction
压电效应piezoelectricity 光电效应photoeffect
工时Man－hour
斜梁diagonal spar 龙骨梁keel beam
地板梁floor beam 座椅滑轨seat track
吊挂前梁pylon front spar 吊挂后梁pylon rear spar 封闭肋closing rib 辅助梁auxiliary spar
吊挂前缘整流罩pylon leading—edge fairing
吊挂后缘整流罩pylon trailing-edge fairing
半硬壳式结构semi-monocoque structure
静定结构statically determinant structure
静不定结构（非静定结构) non—statically determinant structure 梁spar, beam, longeron 腹板web
框frame 支架bracket 铰链hinge 缘条（凸缘）flange, cap 盖板cover 蒙皮skin
化铣蒙皮chemical-milled skin 耳片lug
长桁stringer 维护口盖access panel，access door
加强板doubler 加强肋intercostals
隔框bulkhead, frame 型架jig
（厚）板plate 薄板sheet
条带strap 法兰边flange
接头fitting 柱column
加劲件stiffener 环ring
减轻孔lightening hole 工具孔tooling hole 销钉孔pin hole 盲孔blind hole 毛坯blank 铸件casting
锻件forging 棒材bar
管材tubing 钣弯件former
钣金件sheet metal 箔材foil
线材wire 型材section, shape, profile 角材angle 帽型材hat （section）T型材T-section 工字梁I beam
盘型件pan 机加件machined part 槽型件channel 挤压型材extruded section 剪切角材shear angle 剪切角片shear clip
拉伸角材tension angle
机加操作machining operation 铆接riveting
焊接welding 胶接adhesive bonding 螺接bolting 拼接splice, splicing 对接butt splice 搭接overlap splice 拉伸tension 拉伸应力tensile stress
压缩compression 压缩应力compression stress
剪切shear 剪切应力shear stress
弯曲bending 弯矩bending moment
扭转torsion 扭矩torque
纵向的longitudinal 横向的transverse, lateral
螺栓bolt 锥形螺栓taper-lok，tapered bolt 高锁螺栓Hi-Lok 螺桩stud
螺钉screw 钉套collar
轴承bearing 衬套bushing
垫圈washer 垫片filler, spacer
薄垫片shim 螺纹抽钉rivnut, blind nut
销pin 开口销cotter pin
铆钉rivet 抽芯铆钉cherry rivet
无头铆钉slug 实心铆钉solid rivet
环槽钉lock bolt 托板螺母nut plate
盲紧固件blind fastener 带套环的螺纹抽钉flushlok bolt
复合材料composite (material）
先进复合材料advanced composite
蜂窝honeycomb 蜂窝夹芯honeycomb sandwich 蜂窝夹芯结构honeycomb sandwich structure
包铝层alclad 包铝薄板alclad sheet 合金alloy 合金钢alloy steel 碳钢carbon steel 结构钢structural steel 超高强度钢super—high-strength steel
耐腐蚀钢corrosion resistant steel 不锈钢stainless steel 沉淀硬化不锈钢precipitation-hardening stainless steel
高温合金superalloys 镁合金magnesium alloy
铝合金aluminum alloy 钛合金titanium alloy 金属metal 金属的metallic
非金属nonmetal 非金属的nonmetallic
热处理heat treatment 表面处理surface treatment 表面光饰surface finish 镀铬chromium plate 退火anneal 退火处理annealing
淬火quench 淬火处理quenching
回火temper 回火处理tempering
阳极氧化anodize
铬酸阳极氧化chromic acid anodize
硬质阳极氧化hard anodize
硫酸阳极氧化sulfuric acid anodize
阳极氧化处理anodize treatment，anodizing
化学工艺和表面处理chemical processes ＆finishes
涂层coating无损探伤non—destructive inspection 超声波探伤ultrasonic inspection
磁力探伤magnetic inspection
着色检查penetrant inspection
化学铣切chemical milling
精锻件precision forging 自由锻件hand forging 模锻件molded forging
填角fillet 倒角chamfer
锪平spotfacing 埋头窝countersink 钻孔drilling 铰孔reaming
镗孔boring 扩孔counterboring
补钻孔counterdrilling 螺栓头bolt head
铆钉头rivet head 镦头upset head
成形forming
螺纹thread 外螺纹external thread 最小壁厚minimum wall thickness 加强槽beads
内圆角半径fillet radii 弯曲半径bending radii 弯曲线bending line 弯曲角bending angle 下陷joggle 滚制波纹beading
公差tolerance 偏差deviation
线性公差linear tolerance 角度公差angular tolerance 配合fit 干涉配合interference fit 间隙配合clearance fit 紧配合tight fit
松配合loose fit 表面粗糙度surface roughness 基准线datum line，reference line
机身基准平面fuselage reference plane
机身对称中心线fuselage symmetrical center line
站线station line 站位station
竖线buttock line 水线water line
斜角bevel 挤压强度bearing strength 硬度hardness 韧性toughness
断裂韧性fracture toughness 磨损abrasion
疲劳fatigue 声疲劳acoustic fatigue
标准工艺装备master tools 工装协调tool coordination
模线lofting 数学模型mathematical model
三维数模3D mathematical model
二维图样2D drawing
数字化样机digital mockup（DMU)
数字化预装配digital pre—assembly(DPA)
样板template。