2023年高二暑假话题阅读专练(词汇积累)：文学和艺术(含答案)

2023年高二暑假话题阅读专练（词汇积累）：文学和艺术（含答案）
2023年高二暑假话题阅读专练（词汇积累）：文学和艺术
（共5题）
一、阅读理解题（共5题）
The subtitle of my 1995 book Emotional Intelligence (El) reads, "Why It Can Matter More Than IQ." That subtitle, unfortunately, has led to misunderstandings of what I actually say. Some people even make the absurd claim that "EI accounts for 80 percent of success."
I was reminded this again when looking through comments on an Australian study that fails to find much of a connection between teenagers' level of emotional intelligence and their academic achievements. For me, there's no surprise here. But for those misguided people who think I claim EI matters more than IQ for academic achievement, it would be a "Gotcha!" moment.
My argument is actually that emotional and social skills give people advantages in areas where such abilities make the most difference, like love and leadership EI does better than IQ in "soft" areas, where intelligence matters relatively little for success. That said, another such area where EI matters more than IQ is in performance at work, when comparing people with roughly the same educational backgrounds like
MBAs or accountants.
IQ is a much stronger predictor than EI of which jobs or professions people can enter. However, having enough intelligence to hold a given job does not by itself predict whether one will be a star performer or rise to management or leadership positions in one's field. In part this is because everyone at the top level of a given profession has already been examined for intelligence. At those top levels a high IQ becomes a basic ability, one needed just to get into and stay in the game.
The one place I expect we will be seeing more data showing a relationship between skills in the emotional and social area and school performance will be in studies of children who have gone through social/ emotional learning (SEL) programs. These courses give students the self-management skills they need to learn better. And so to the degree that advantage promotes leaming, they should do better on academic achievement scores. A study from the University of Illinois finds around a 10 percent increase in achievement test scores among these students. Probably, the SEL programs would also have meant higher scores on the particular.
(1) The author writes the passage to _____.
A．state his new opinion on IQ and EI
B．explain the importance of IQ and EI
C．clear up some misreading of his book
D．argue for his study into school learning
(2) According to the author, EI matters more than IQ for _____. A．family relations; being promoted at work
B．being a leader; receiving an MBA degree
C．winning a quiz; becoming a star performer
D．becoming an accountant; getting an interview
(3) The author might agree that _____.
A．intelligence matters greatly for success
B．the subtitle of his book is easily misunderstood
C．EI matters more than IQ for academic achievement
D．IQ determines one's basic ability to enter a certain field
(4) We can lea from Paragraph 5 that _____.
A．the two same studies have opposite findings
B．the SEl programs improve students' scores rapidly
C．students'school performance is decided by their EI
D．the SEL programs attempt to promote learning with EI
【导语】阿瑟·米勒（Arthur Miller），米国剧作家。

主要作品有戏剧《推销员之死》《萨勒姆的女巫》等。

阿瑟·米勒对戏剧的理解鲜明而具有个性，他用平凡人、小人物的喜怒哀乐和悲情人生来反映残酷的社会现实。

Arthur Miller was an American playwright, best known for his plays Death of a Salesman and The Crucible, and his high-profile (高姿态的)
private life. He was born in 1915, in New York City, and died in 2023 at the age of 89.
Arthur Miller was born to upper-middle class Jewish parents. When he was only a teenager, his family's business failed, and the family was forced to reduce the cost of living greatly, settling into a more comfortable middle-class life. Then Miller was forced to take up a number of simple jobs to earn money to pay college tuition fees, and at that time he read Dostoevsky's The Brothers Karamazov, which inspired him to become a writer. Eventually he saved enough money to pay tuition fees, and was able to attend University of Michigan, where he wrote No Villain, which won the Avery Hopwood Award.
Out of college, Miller immediately began working professionally as a writer. He was in the Federal Theatre Project until it was shut down, after which he wrote screenplays. During this time he also continued to improve his playwriting abilities, and in 1940 he had his first play The Man Who Had All the Luck produced, and it afterwards won the Theatre Guild's National Award.
In 1947 he had All My Sons produced, which enabled him to win his first Tony Award, ensuring Miller's place in Broadway Theatre. His next play, Death of a Salesman, produced in 1949, cemented his reputation as a giant of a playwright.
At the time of its release, Death of a Salesman won a Tony Award for
Best Author, the New York Drama Circle Critics' Award, and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama, making Arthur Miller the first playwright to win all three of these major awards for one play.
【词海拾贝】
1. high-profile 高姿态的
2. screenplay n. 电影剧本，编剧
3. cement v. 巩固
4. release n. 发布；释放；解脱
(1) ( )Miller immediately began working professionally as a writer out of college.
(2) ( )In 1947, Miller had All My sons produced, which enabled him to win his last Tony Award.
Books, Films and Plays
The novelist's medium is the written word. One might almost say the printed word. Typically the novel is consumed by a silent, individual reader, who may be anywhere at the time.The paperback novel is still the cheapest, most portable and adaptable form of narrative entertainment. It is limited to a single channel of information—writing. The narrative can go, effortlessly, anywhere: into space, people's head, palaces, prisons and pyramids, without any consideration of cost or practical possibility. In determining the shape and content of his narrative, the writer is restricted by nothing except purely artistic criteria. The novelist keeps
absolute control over his text until it is published and received by the audience. He may be advised by his editor to revise his text, but if the writer refused to meet this condition no one would be surprised. It is not unknown for a well-established novelist to deliver his or her manuscript and expect the publisher to print it exactly as written.
However, not even the most well-established playwright or screenplay writer would submit a script and expect it to be performed without any rewriting. This is because plays and motion pictures are cooperative forms of narrative, using more than one channel of communication.
The production of a stage play involves, as well as the words of the author, the physical presence of the actors, their voices and gestures, the "set" and possibly music. Although the script is the essential basis of both stage play and film, it is a basis for subsequent revision negotiated between the writer and the other creative people invovled. They are given "approval" of the choice of director and actors and have the right to attend rehearsals (排演), during which period they may undertake more rewriting work. In the case of the screenplay, the writer may have little or no control over the final form of his work. Contracts for the production of plays protect the rights of authors in this respect.
In film or television work, on the other hand, the screenplay writer has no contractual right to this degree of consultation. While the script is going through its various drafts, the writer is in the driver's seat,
although sometimes receiving criticism from the producer and the director. But once the production is under way, artistic control over the project tends to pass to the director. This is a fact overlooked by most journalistic critics of television drama, who tend to give all the credit or blame for success or failure of a production to the writer and actors, ignoring the contribution, for good or ill, of the director.
(1) From the first and second paragraphs, we know that _____. A．there should be artistic criteria for the novelists to follow B．playwright or screenplay writers often have to rewrite their work C．compared with playwrights, novelists are relatively independent D．audience sometimes are the key factors to determine artistic criteria (2) Why can the novelist expect the publisher to print the manuscript exactly as written
A．Because the novelist keeps absolute control over his text. B．Because the words in the novel are not difficult for readers. C．Because the novel is limited to a single channel of information—writing.
D．Because the novelist is seldom advised by editors to revise the text.
(3) Which of the following statements is true according to the passage A．Playwrights envy the simplicity of the novelist's work. B．Experience in the theatre improves the work of screenplay writers. C．Screenplay writers usually have the final say in how a TV drama will
turn out.
D．Playwrights are frequently involved in revising their work.
(4) What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Screenplay writers should take the success of television drama in their hands.
B．Screenplay writers should be more sensitive about their contractual right.
C．The directors play a decisive role in the final outcome of television drama.
D．Critics of television drama tend to neglect the importance of writer and actors.
Amazon is presenting to you our weekly bestsellers in the fiction section. Twilight Whispers
Linked for years through friendship and intermarriage, the Warren and Whyte families find their charmed world marred when Mark Whyte and his wife Deborah Warren are murdered. Police detectives, hearing about dissension of the families, set out to examine the mystique behind their superficial rapport.
Katia Morell, daughter of the Whyte's housekeeper, is drawn back to her growing place and is forced to face her life-long love for Jordan Whyte. As many secrets are uncovered, especially about Katia's biological father, the two young people from rival families are encountering fierce family
objection in their search for happiness.
The New Colossus
Nellie Bly, blessed with courage and reportage skill, lands two front-page stories on the widely-read newspaper, Joseph Pulitzer's NEW YORK WORLD. Pulitzer is so impressed that he assigns her to a murder case confusing the police—the death of Emma Lazaru. Her investigation leads to tense encounters with some powerful and ruthless men of the time, when evils run wild on unregulated upper class.
Bly has one real ally: a doctor who uses scientific techniques to establish criminal behavior. As the pieces fall into place, Bly uncovers layers of corruption (腐败). The essential connection between the murder case and the prevalent greed and darkness of the then society finally emerges. The Last Days of Night
A young lawyer named Paul Cravath, takes a case that seems impossible to win. Paul's client, George Westinghouse, has been sued by Thomas Edison over a billion-dollar question: Who invented the light bulb and holds the right to power the country
The case affords Paul entry to the heady world of high society—the glittering parties and the dark dealings behind closed doors. The task is beyond daunting. Edison is a dangerous opponent with vast resources at his disposal—private spies, newspapers.
Yet this unknown lawyer shares with his famous opponent a compulsion
to win at all costs.
In obsessive pursuit of victory, Paul receives favors from Nikola Tesla, a brilliant inventor holding the key to defeating Edison.
Bones Don't Lie
Private investigator Lance Kruger was just a boy when his father vanished twenty-three years ago. Since then he's lived under the weight of that disappearance for over 20 years—until his father's car is finally dragged out from Grey Lake. It should be a time for closure, except for the skeleton found in the trunk. A missing person case gone cold has become a murder.
For Lance, the investigation yields troubling questions about a man he thought he knew. But memories can play dirty tricks. For his partner attorney Morgan, uncovering each new lie comes with a disquieting fear that someone is out there watching, killing every witness tied to this decades-old crime.
(1) In which way is The Last Days of Night different from the other three novels
A．In that The Last Days of Night exposes the evil and the dark dealings of the upper class life then.
B．In that nobody is killed illegally in The Last Days of Night.
C．In that the leading character in The Last Days of Night has got help from other characters.
D．In that the leading character is born into a rich upper class family. (2) Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage A．In Twilight Whispers, the biggest challenge for Katia and Jordan is the long separation of time and space between them.
B．In The New Colossus, the cause of the murder is rooted in the then corrupted society.
C．In The Last Days of Night, Paul finally wins the law case because of his client Westinghouse's vast resources at disposal.
D．In Bones don't lie, Lance Kruger's father was confirmed by the police as the murdered when Lance was a boy.
(3) The underlined word dissention is closest in meaning to _____. A．financial worsening B．silence
C．the loss of power D．conflict
J.K. Rowling frequently shows there is magic every day. Her Harry Potter series has helped people through times of stress and depression and she is always there to deliver wise words of encouragement.
She is one celebrity who is very active on Twitter. So when a single dad named Matt Burke sent her a message thanking her for the series, she noticed. Her series had helped strengthen his relationship with his 9-year-old daughter Bailey.
He included a link to his article titled Being a Broke Parent. He explained how he hadn't found a level of financial stability that allowed him to pay
bills on time and take his daughter on more activities and events. The family also doesn't have the Internet or TV, which means there's no "digital babysitter", and he has to rely on his own creative ways to bond with his daughter. Since he received the series, the main thing that has occupied them these days is reading books together.
Burke admits that he thought he was "too cool" for the books when they first came out and he was in his twenties, but he's loving reading them now. "We switch off chapter by chapter reading them out loud," Burke explains. "This not only allows her to get more used to reading aloud in front of someone, but it gets me directly involved in something she loves, and it gives me the chance to be very dramatic when I read my chapters and bring myself into the characters in the book, which has proven to be a ton of fun."
After hearing Burke's story, Rowling said how honored she was when Harry Potter was apart of his family's life and offered Burke more signed books. Besides, people are also offering to send Burke more books as gifts. For Burke, this experience, far more than gifts, will be what he treasures.
(1) Why did Burke thank J.K. Rowling according to the text
A．She guided him how to write a good story.
B．She encouraged him when he was in trouble.
C．Her books helped him through times of confusion.
D．Her books helped him improve his bond with his daughter.
(2) What is implied in Burke's words in Paragraph 4
A．He has found it interesting to read the series.
B．He was too old to understand the series better.
C．He has chosen a better way of reading the series.
D．He hopes to play a role in the drama in the future.
(3) Which word can best describe Burke's experience according to the text
A．Unique. B．Normal. C．Precious. D．Funny.
(4) What is the main idea of this text
A．J.K. Rowling chooses to help improve kids' health.
B．J.K. Rowling gives a magical gift to a single father.
C．J.K. Rowling has a deep influence on others' growth.
D．Burke comes to know J.K. Rowling through her series.
答案
一、阅读理解题（共5题）
1. 【答案】
(1) C
(2) A
(3) D
(4) D
2. 【答案】
(1) 正确
(2) 错误
3. 【答案】
(1) C
(2) C
(3) D
(4) C
4. 【答案】
(1) B
(2) B
(3) D
【解析】
(1) 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了亚马逊推荐的四部每周畅销小说。

细节理解题。

根据Twilight Whispers 中的“Mark Whyte and his wife Deborah Warren are murdered”, The New Colossus 中的“he assigns her to a murder case confusing the police—the death of Emma Lazaru.”及Bones Don't Lie 中的“A missing person case gone cold has become a murder.”可知，这三部小说都涉及到了谋杀，而The Last Days of Night 这部小说讲的是保罗的委托人乔治·威斯汀豪斯被托马斯·爱迪生起诉，提出了一个价值十亿美元的问题：谁发明了灯泡，并拥有为国家供电的权利？这部小说中没有人被非法杀害，这是它与另外三部小说的不同之处，故B 项正确。

(2) 细节理解题。

根据The New Colossus 中的“Bly uncovers layers of corruption (腐败). The essential connection between the murder case and the prevalent greed and darkness of the then society finally emerges.”可知，布莱揭开了腐败的层层面纱，谋杀案与当时社会普遍存在的贪婪和黑暗之间的本质联系终于浮出水面，由此可知，在这部小说中，谋杀的根源是当时腐败的社会，故 B 项正确。

(3) 词义猜测题。

根据画线词前的“Linked for years through friendship and intermarriage, the Warren and Whyte families find their charmed world marred when Mark Whyte and his wife Deborah Warren are murdered.”可知，在多年的友谊和异族通婚之后，沃伦和怀特两家发现，当马克怀特和他的妻子黛博拉·沃伦被谋杀时，两个家族之间友好的关系被破坏了，也就是说两家之间出现了纷争，此处是说警察听说了这些家庭纷争，开始调查他们表面关系背后的神秘性，由此可知画线词词义为“冲突、矛盾”，故D 项正确。

5. 【答案】
(1) D
(2) A
(3) C
(4) B
【解析】
(1) 本文主要讲述了英国著名作家J.K. Rowling 的作品对一个单亲家庭的影响。

细节理解题。

根据第二段最后一句“Her series had helped strengthen his relationship with his 9-year-old daughter Bailey.”可知，单身父亲Burke 感谢J.K. Rowling 是因为她的哈利波特系列丛书加强了他与女儿之间的关系。

(2) 推理判断题。

根据对第四段的整体理解，尤其是最后一句中的“which has proven to be a ton of fun”可推知，Burke 认为朗读这些系列丛书很有趣。

(3) 推理判断题。

根据最后一段最后一句“For Burke, this experience, far more than gifts, will be what he treasures.”可推知，对Burke 来讲，这种经历是非常珍贵的。

(4) 主旨大意题。

通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了著名作家J.K. Rowling 的作品所具有的魅力——帮助一位单身父亲加强了与其女儿的关系。