2019年中考语文复习(浙江专用)第六篇课内文言知识梳理九上隆中对讲解

隆中对
1．重点词语解释
(1)亮躬．耕陇亩
．．___________________________________________________________
(2)好为
．．《梁父吟》_______________________________________________________
(3)时人莫之许
．．．也_________________________________________________________
(4)谓．为信然
．．_____________________________________________________________
(5)先主器．之_____________________________________________________________
(6)谓．先主曰_____________________________________________________________
(7)将军岂愿
．．见之乎_______________________________________________________
(8)君与俱．来_____________________________________________________________
(9)此人可就．见___________________________________________________________
(10)不可屈致．也__________________________________________________________
(11)将军宜枉驾顾
．．．之______________________________________________________
(12)由是
．．先主遂诣．亮______________________________________________________
(13)凡．三往，乃．见________________________________________________________
(14)因屏
．．人曰____________________________________________________________
(15)汉室倾颓
．．．．____________________________________________________________
(16)孤不度．德量．力________________________________________________________
(17)欲信．大义于天下______________________________________________________
(18)遂用猖蹶
．．．____________________________________________________________
(19)然．志犹．未已．__________________________________________________________
(20)君谓计．将安出．________________________________________________________
(21)自董卓已．来__________________________________________________________
(22)跨州连郡者不可胜．数__________________________________________________
(23)则名微而众寡
．．．．．________________________________________________________
(24)然操遂．能克绍________________________________________________________
(25)非惟天时，抑．亦人谋也________________________________________________
(26)挟．天子而令．诸侯______________________________________________________
(27)此诚．不可与争锋
．．______________________________________________________
(28)国险
．．__________________________________________________________．．而民附
(29)此可以为
．．援而．不可图．也________________________________________________
(30)利尽
．．南海____________________________________________________________
(31)此殆．天所以资
．．．将军____________________________________________________
(32)将军岂．有意乎________________________________________________________
(33)高祖因．之以成
．．帝业____________________________________________________
(34)刘璋暗弱
．．____________________________________________________________
(35)民殷．国富而不知存恤
．．__________________________________________________
(36)将军既．帝室之胄．______________________________________________________
(37)总揽
．．英雄____________________________________________________________
(38)保其岩阻
．．____________________________________________________________
(39)西和．诸戎．____________________________________________________________
(40)南抚夷越
．．．____________________________________________________________
(41)内修政理
．．____________________________________________________________
(42)将军身．率益州之众出于．秦川_____________________________________________
(43)百姓孰．敢不箪．食壶．浆以．迎将军者乎______________________________________
(44)诚如是
．．．_______________________________________________________________
(45)于是
．．与亮情好日．密_____________________________________________________
(46)先主解之．曰___________________________________________________________
(47)犹．鱼之．有水也________________________________________________________
(48)羽、飞乃．止__________________________________________________________ 2．通假字
(1)欲信大义于天下____________，通_______________，______________________
(2)自董卓已来 ________________，通________________
3．一词多义
(1)谓⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧谓为信然 谓先主曰 太守谓谁 君谓计将安出
(2)遂⎩
⎪⎨⎪⎧由是先主遂诣亮 遂用猖蹶 (3)以⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧以弱为强者 此可以为援 百姓孰敢不箪食壶浆以迎将军者乎
(4)是⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧诚如是 由是先主遂诣亮
(5)身⎩
⎪⎨⎪⎧将军身率益州之众出于秦川 身长八尺 (6)好⎩
⎪⎨⎪⎧外结好孙权 好为《梁父吟》 (7)比⎩
⎪⎨⎪⎧每自比于管仲、乐毅 曹操比于袁绍 (8)为⎩
⎪⎨⎪⎧贤能为之用 介词，音wèi， 此可以为援 动词，音wéi， (9)将⎩
⎪⎨⎪⎧命一上将 将荆州之军 4．词类活用
(1)于是与亮情好日．
密 名词作状语，_____________________________________ (2)将军身．
率益州之众 名词作状语，_____________________________________ (3)思贤．
如渴 形容词作名词，________________ 5．古今异义
(1)因．
屏人曰 古义：________________；今义：常用于“原因”“因此”等义 (2)此人可就．
见 古义：________________；今义：常用于副词或连词 (3)孤．
不度德量力 古义：____________________________________________； 今义：常用于“孤独”等义
(4)此诚．不可与争锋古义：________________；今义：常用于“真诚”“诚实”等义
(5)遂用猖蹶
．．古义：________________；今义：常表示“凶猛而放肆”
(6)此可以
．．为援古义：________________；今义：常用于肯定的回答
(7)将军宜枉驾顾．之古义：________________；今义：常用于“回顾”“照顾”义
(8)将军岂有意
．．乎古义：________________；今义：常用于“故意”义
(9)民殷国富而不知存．恤古义：________________；今义：常用于“存在”“蓄积”“保留”义
1．文章中心概括
本文记述了诸葛亮在隆中为刘备分析政治对策的情形，表现了他卓越的政治远见，塑造了一位古代政治家、军事战略家的光辉形象。

2．成语积累
三顾茅庐思贤如渴如鱼得水挟天子以令诸侯
答案：【知识梳理】
1．(1)亲自田地 (2)喜爱唱 (3)不代词，指诸葛亮“自比于管仲、乐毅”这件事承认、同意 (4)说
确实这样 (5)器重，重视 (6)对……说，告诉
(7)是否愿意 (8)一起 (9)接近、趋向 (10)招致、引来 (11)屈尊拜访 (12)因此拜访
(13)总共才 (14)于是、就此命人退避 (15)指汉朝崩溃、衰败 (16)衡量估计 (17)通“伸”，伸张 (18)因此这里是失败的意思 (19)然而仍、还止 (20)计策产生 (21)通“以” (22)尽
(23)名声低微表并列人少。

意思是兵力薄弱 (24)最终 (25)而且 (26)挟持、控制号令
(27)确实争强，争胜 (28)地势险要民众归附 (29)把作为表转折谋取 (30)物资全部取得 (31)大概用来……的资助、给予 (32)是否
(33)凭借来成就 (34)昏庸懦弱 (35)兴旺富裕爱抚，爱惜 (36)既然后代 (37)广泛招致
(38)险阻，指形势险要的地方 (39)和好古时对我国西部各族的称呼 (40)安抚这里泛指我国南部各族 (41)政治 (42)亲自到 (43)谁用箪盛
用壶盛来 (44)果真像这样 (45)从此一天天 (46)这件事 (47)如同主谓间，无义(48)才
2．(1)信“伸”伸张 (2)已“以”
3．(1)说对……说，告诉为，是认为 (2)就终于 (3)凭借把来 (4)这样与“由”合成连词，解释为“因此” (5)亲自身体 (6)友好喜爱 (7)比拟，和……一样比较 (8)被作为 (9)将领率领
4．(1)一天天 (2)亲自 (3)有道德、有才能的人
5．(1)于是、就此 (2)接近、趋向 (3)古代王侯的自称。

这里是刘备自称 (4)确实 (5)失败 (6)可以把(他) (7)拜访 (8)有某种打算 (9)爱抚，爱惜。