研究生学位英语英译汉部分

全部英译汉翻译
Unit one
1、That story brings a smile, because it pokes fun at a common type of self-defeatist thinking
这个故事让我发笑，因为这个故事它讽刺了普遍存在的悲观者的思维方式。

2、If those thoughts spell gloom and doom, that’s where you’re headed, because put-down words sabotage confidence instead if offering support and encouragement. 如果这些想法意味着黑暗或毁灭，那么你就会走向黑暗和毁灭，因为贬低的话语使人丧失信心而不是给人以支持与勇气。

3、hearing her fears and foreboding read out loud made sue realize how much energy she was squandering on imagined catastrophes. If you’ve been feeling down, it could be you’re sending yourself negative message too. Listen to the words churning inside your head. Repeat them aloud or write them down, if that will help capture them.听到自己的恐惧和不祥的感觉被说出来，使苏意识到她在那些虚构的灾难上浪费了如此多的精力。

如果你感觉不好，是你在给自己传递消极的信息。

倾听你的想法。

大声地重复或者写下来，假如这样做有助于能捕获到它们的话。

4、By isolating negative words and phrases ,you can pinpoint the damage you’re doing to yourself .For Fran and Mark ,the culprits
were only and just . Once those words are eliminated ,there’s nothing destructive about saying ,‖I’m a salesman‖ or ―I’m secretary. ‖ both statements open doors to positive follow-ups, such as ,‖I’m on my way up the ladder.‖将那些有害的词汇和句子分离出来，你能确定你自己对自己造成的伤害，对他们来说，罪魁祸首就是―只不过‖、―仅仅‖这两个词汇。

如果把这个词汇去除，它就不再是伤害性的语言―我是一个销售员‖、―我是一个秘书‖这两句话就为后面积极的话语铺平了道路，―我已经踏上了成功的道路了。

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5、If flying frightens you ,get absorbed in the pattern of lights and roads near the airport as your plane is taking off or landing.如果乘飞机感到恐惧，当飞机起飞或降落时，你应当将注意力集中看机场附近的灯光或道路。

6、Make it a habit to remember your best self, the you that you want to be.养成一种习惯，即记住自己最美好的时刻，也就是记住你想做的那种人。

Unit two
1、But for more than a decade, a growing hand of scientists and journalists has pointed to studies that seem to link exposure to electromagnetic fields with increased risk of leukemia and other malignancies. 但是十多年来，越来越多的科学家和新闻工作都一直致力于那种将暴露于电磁场与白血病和其他各种恶性肿瘤联系起来。

2、In the executive summary of a new scientific review, released in
draft from late last week, the EPA has put forward what amount to the most serious government warning to date.在上周晚些时候以草案形式新近发表的科学评论中，美国环保局提出了迄今为止最为严重的警告。

3、while the report falls short of classifying ELF fields as probable carcinogens , it does identify the common 60-hertz magnetic field as ―a possible, but not proven, cause of cancer in humans‖.虽然报告未将超低频电磁场（ELF）归为致癌物质，但确认普通的60赫兹电磁场存在导致人类患癌的可能性。

4、If there is a cancer risk, it is a small one .The evidence is still so controversial that the draft stirred a great deal if debate within the Bush Administration, and the EPA released it over strong objections from the Pentagon and the White House.即使存在致癌危险，也是很小的危险。

相关的证据依然存在很大的争议，以致于该报告在布什政府内部也引起很大争议，并且美国环保局发表这个草案也是顶着五角大楼和白宫的强烈反对。

5、While many experts still express skepticism, there has been a definite shift attitude in the scientific community about the possible health effects of electromagnetic fields .as a recent series in science magazine made clear.尽管许多专家仍然表示质疑，但是科学界对于电磁场可能对人的健康造成影响的态度发生了明显改变，正如《科学杂志》最近发表的一系列文章所阐明的那样。

6、But epidemiological studies, which find statistical associations between sets of data, do not prove cause and effect.但是，通过发现几组数据之间统计学上的联系的流行病学研究也并不能证明因果关系。

7、Meanwhile, ordinary citizens can exercise what is called prudent avoidance—doing relatively easy things to minimize a possible risk.与此同时，普通民众可以采取审慎规避—做一些相对而言容易的事情降低可能出现的危险。

Unit Three
1、Most people, of course ,strongly desire more than the minimum level of satisfaction required for survival: They want three meal a day instead of one and a house instead of a hut.当然，大多数人强烈要求不仅限于最低层次的满足感：他们想要一日三餐而不是一日一餐，想要一套住房而不是一间茅草房。

2、Even the few pennies earned by nineteenth-century laborers were strong motivation to people who had not eaten for several days. They would suffer almost any abuse to collect them and live another day .即使19世纪劳工所挣得的几个便士也能成为已经饿了好几天的那些人工作的强烈动机，他们几乎愿意忍受任何虐待以维持生计。

3、People have a strong desire to feel protected. Usually this means protection against loss of the physical necessities, the idea of cushion against misfortune.人们有着强烈的追求安全感的需求。

通常这是针对生活必需品丧失的安全感，那种免遭不幸的需求。

4、Status is one’s rank in comparison with others in the same social group. A person with high status is one who is well regarded by friends and associate.地位就是一个人在社会群体中所处的位置。

有着较高地位的人是受到朋友和同事高度尊重的人。

5、Since these familiar with status symbols of status all cost money ,it is common to mistake a striving for status as a drive to accumulate wealth.由于这些熟悉的地位象征都需要花钱，所以人们经常将对地位的追求误解为对财富的聚集。

6、Maslow defined the need for self-realization as ―the desire to become more what one is ,to become everything one is capable of ‖. 马斯洛将自我实现的需求定义为―尽力所为，超越自我。

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7、Maslow ladder is a convenient way to classify human needs.But if you see it as a simple step-at-a-time procedure,you make a serious mistake. 马斯洛的需求分层分析法是对人们需求的便捷的归类方法。

但如果把它看作为逐步实现的过程，你就大错特错了。

Unit Four
1、As far as the professional staff of the ETH(the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School)was concerned, Albert Einstein was one of the awkward scholars who might or might not graduate ,but who in either case was a great deal of trouble. And in accordance with their opinions , when Einstein did graduate after four years ,ETH did not offer him a position as was the custom of the time. 瑞士联邦理工学
校的教授们认为，爱因斯坦是一个很难缠的学生，他有可能毕业，也有可能不能毕业。

但不论出于什么情况，都是极大的麻烦。

与他们的看法相同，四年后爱因斯坦毕业时，学校没有为他提供一份工作，而给毕业生提供工作在当时是一种惯例。

2、In the autumn of 1900 Albert Einstein was a graduate who denied rather than defied authority; a young man who was written off as virtually unemployable by many self-respecting citizens. 1900年的秋天，爱因斯坦作为一个否认而不是冒犯权威的毕业生，是一个在许多自以为是的人(俗人)眼中根本无法找到工作的年青人。

3、The work of the Patent Office at the turn if the century was strikingly different from what it later became. 20世纪初专利局的工作完全不同于后来。

4、These inventions ,ideas, and proposals which were directed to the office consisted largely of suggestions for practical, utilitarian, basically simple, and often homely applications of technology to the mundane affairs of everyday life. 提交给专利局的这些发明、发明理念、对发明的建议，主要包括了日常生活中的实践性、实用性、基本而简单的关于日常琐事的家庭实用技术。

5、The demand was not so much for the routine application of a routine mind to routine documents, as for perceptive intuition. 这与其说是为普通人的专利申请写出普通文书的一般性能力要求，还不如说是对敏锐洞察力的要求。

6、―It gave me ,‖he said ,―the opportunity to think about physics. Moreover ,a practical profession is a salvation for a man of my type; an academic career compels a young man to scientific production, and only strong characters can resist the temptation of superficial analysis.‖ The post was an undemanding occupation which released his mind for creative work at a different level. 他说：―这份工作给我思考物理学上问题的机会，并且一份实践性的工作对我这种类型的人来说是一种拯救。

学术性的职业迫使年轻人要出科学成果，只有意志坚强的人才能抵挡肤浅研究的诱惑。

‖这份工作是一项要求不高的职业，但在另一个层面上却有利于解放他以发挥其创造性思维。

Unit Five
1、JAKARTA—Planet Earth was battered by floods, drought and
f ire in 1997, a year which ended with the world’s major polluters squabblin
g over ways to prevent further environmental disaster. 雅加达消息：地球在1997年的时候遭受到洪灾、旱灾、火灾的袭击，这一年是在世界上那些污染大国就防止进一步的环境灾难的争吵声中结束的。

2、The 160 nations attending a UN conference on global warming, billed as one of the most vital ever held ,finally reached a consensus on cutting greenhouse gas emissions through the next decade. 有160多个国家出席了联合国关于全球变暖大会，而此次会议被称为有史以来最重要的会议，（与会各国）最终就未来10年中减少温室气体排放
达成一致意见。

3、The climate was dominated in the latter part of the year by El Nino, an upswelling of warmer water off the South American coast which affects global weather patterns. 1997年下半年的气候被厄尔尼诺现象所主宰。

厄尔尼诺现象就是南美洲海岸的一股暖流，它影响到全球气候格局。

4、El Nino , called by Peruvian fisherman after the Christ Child because of its appearance around Christmas , is being blamed for widespread floods and drought in the tropics ,and has affected other areas as well. 厄尔尼诺现象被秘鲁的渔夫以圣婴命名是因为它发生在圣诞节期间，厄尔尼诺现象被指责应对热带地区泛滥的洪灾和旱灾负责，它还影响到其他地区。

5A major manifestation of the phenomenon was drought-aggravated bush fires in Indonesia that spread a choking smog across large areas of southeast asia before badly-delayed monsoon rains started to fall in late November. 厄尔尼诺现象一个主要的表现形式就是在11月底被严重推迟的季风雨季来临前，使印度尼西亚旱情加重的丛林大火令东南亚大部分地区弥漫着令人窒息的黑烟。

6、In the ancient Japanese capital of Kyoto, a UN gathering of 159 countries finally agreed on cutting greenhouse gas emissions after 11days of frenetic negotiations. 在日本古都京都经过11天激烈的谈判，出席联合国大会的159个国家最终就减少温室气体的排放量达成
一致意见。

7、―Perhaps this day will be in the future remembered as th e day if the Atmosphere ,‖conference chairman Raul Estrada told the conference after a treaty text was passed by consensus on December 11. ―也许这一天将会在未来被作为地球环境日而铭记‖会议主席RAUL ESTRADA在条约文本得到大会一致通过后的新闻发布会上告诉记者。

8、the conference agreed that developed nations should cut emission of carbon dioxide and other ―greenhouse― gases blamed for global warming. 大会同意发达国家应该减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的排放，这些气体被指责应该对全球变暖负责。

9、The conference accepted scientific evidence that heating of the Earth’s surface by gases trapped in the atmosphere caus es more and fiercer storms, expanding deserts, melting polar ice and raising sea level which threaten to submerge low-lying island—and some island states, such as the Maldives in the India Ocean. 大会接受了科学证据即由于温室气体滞留于大气层中使地球表面升温，导致了更多更猛烈的风暴，导致沙漠化扩大，导致极地冰川的融化和海平面上升，使诸如印度洋上的马尔代夫这样的处于低地的岛屿和一些岛国面临被淹没的危险。

10、The United States wants developing countries brought under the emission control umbrella and treaty still faces a major hurdle in its
passage in Washington through a potentially hostile Republican Congress. 美国想将发展中国家也置于温室气体排放控制法规的约束之下，而且该协定要想在华盛顿获得通过，仍然要面临由共和党主宰的国会的潜在反对所造成的主要障碍。

11、The Kyoto conference would at least provide a greater awareness of environmental problems , particularly as it took place in an El Nino year. 京都大会至少使人们更多地意识到环境问题的重要性，尤其是这次大会是厄尔尼诺现象发生的这一年召开的。

12、―But there is always a time lag between awareness and actio n , and I think that the time lag can be very long…―he said. ―但是在认识和行动之间总是存在时间差，并且我认为这个时间差可能是一段很长的时间……‖他说。

13、He also condemned western criticism of the environmental and conservation policies of developing countries, saying ―market forces‖ were responsible for many of the problems. 他还谴责了西方国家对发展中国家的环境保护政策的批评，说―市场的力量‖才应对很多这类问题负责。

14、―Basically ,we are facing problems with the present contemporary civilization with its consumption and production attitude…―从根本上来说，我们所面临的问题是当代涉及消费和生产意识的问题……‖
15、‖the market is no t friendly to the environment , and we are part
of the market. It is too big a problem for us to handle …so they want to have their cake and eat it .‖ ―市场对环境是不友好的，而我们又是市场的一部分，这是我们难以解决的一个非常棘手的问题……而他们（发达国家）想要占有他们的那份市场份额。

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16、‖They want to have their market a nd they want to have us perform as guardians of the world’s environment without them having anything to do with it.‖ ―他们想拥有他们的市场，又想让我们扮演世界环境的捍卫者，而他们却什么也不做。

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17、The Kyoto conference also pitted big business against campaigners for the environment –although major insurance organizations did offer support to the ―greens‖. 京都会议还使大企业与环境保护者为了环境问题而产生矛盾，尽管一些大的保险组织向绿色组织提供了支持。

18、This is not necessarily a bad thing because those companies also have the resources to practice sustainable forestry if they are motivated to do so . ―这并不一定是件坏事，因为那些大公司也有财力实现林业的可持续发展，如果它们被鼓励这么做的话。

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Unit Six
1、although I have no hopes of ever skiing that way , I do dream of living with abandon. 虽然我没有希望像他那样滑雪，但是我的确希望无忧无虑地生活。

2、Churchill knew that one secret to a self you can respect is to choose
a course of action based on what is right , not expedient ,and not waver from it when criticized. 丘吉尔知道保持自尊的一个秘诀就是要选择一种行为方式，这种行为方式是基于真理，而非权宜之计，并且在受到批评的时候不能犹豫动摇。

3、―If you want one year’s prosperity, grow grain. But if you want ten years’ prosperity , grow men and women.‖ ―如果你要想有一年的繁荣你就去种粮食。

你要是想有十年的繁荣，就去培养他人把。

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4、You can build into the lives of your family , friends and colleagues by providing nutrients of gratitude and encouragement , and by investing your time and energy in their aspirations. 你可以通过提供感激、鼓励的养分，并投入时间和精力帮助他们实现抱负、理想来增进你与家庭生活、朋友和同事之间（的感情联系）。

5、Individuals who live with abandon have discovered that personal trails make them more sensitive and loving , while building endurance and character. 那些生活的无忧无虑的人发现个人所经历的磨难在培养他们的毅力和个性中使他们变得更加能干？（敏锐）、更加有爱心。

6、The pages of history are filled with the heroic stories of undaunted men and women who triumphed over disabilities and adversities to demonstrate victorious spirits. 历史的篇章载满了那些大无畏的人的英勇事迹，战胜了伤残和苦难所展现出来的胜利的精神。

7、But to live with abandon , we must live one day at a time, savoring
the little victories, realizing that life is an endless journey in self-discovery and personal fulfillment. 但是要想无忧无虑的生活，我们的日子还是要一天一天的过，要品味生活中每一个细小的成就，意识到生命是一个自我发现和自我实现的无尽旅程。

8、Choose a cause bigger than you are and work at it in a spirit of excellence. It will become a part of you as you see your goals through to the end. 选择一项比你现在从事的更伟大的事业并且以一种卓越的精神努力地去实现它。

当你在实现这个目标的过程中，这个事业将会与你融为一体。

Unit seven
1、The day was particularly gray as we sat waiting to board the plane ,and in that depressing light , our task seemed more than ever unlikely. 我们等待登机的这天天色特别灰暗，在那种忧郁的光线下，我们的任务显得是那么的不可能。

2、We were to shoot dreamy fashion photographs in a dream hotel , set in a distant and exotic land. 我们要去往一家坐落在遥远而充满异国情调的地方的梦幻般的酒店拍摄梦幻般的时装照。

3、We arrived at midnight amidst the heat .the babble and the strange, sweet smells of Cairo. 我们午夜到达开罗，置身于炎热、嘈杂以及陌生、充斥着甜蜜气息中
4、The promised car was not there to meet us ,so we loitered furtively among the crowds. 预约的接站车没有来接我们，于是我们就只好混
在人群中闲逛。

5、Help arrived at last and we were swept off to our hotel, which did indeed turn out to be the glorious location we had been promised. 救兵终于来了，我们被一股脑地送到了下榻的酒店。

（事实证明）这个酒店确实如向我们承诺的那样富丽堂皇。

6、It was built originally as a palace to house the Empress Eugenie and her guests at the inauguration of the Suez Canal. 。

这家酒店最初是用作在苏伊士运河落成仪式上接待尤金斯皇后和她的客人的行宫。

7、In the dim light it seemed to float tranquilly on the banks of the Nile, among gardens of swaying palms and ferns. 在暗淡的灯光下，酒店像是静静地漂浮在尼罗河的两岸，四周的花园中种满了摇曳的棕榈树和蕨类植物。

8、He followed us all the way to the lift staring fixedly at her feet. From beneath the hem of her expensive evening gown there peeked a pair of very dirty white sneakers.
9、Our behavior over the week was so peculiar that by the third day the crowd of curious onlookers had become unmanageably large. The hotel security staff were called in. Ten uniformed gentlemen appeared and promptly joined the rest of the crowd staring at（注视着）these mad English cavorting in the midday sun. 我们这一周的行为显得是如此不同寻常以至于到第三天好奇的旁观者已经变得无法控制。

于是酒店保安被招来了。

10个穿制服的保安来了但很快地加
入人群中注视着这些疯狂的英国人在正午的烈日下嬉戏打闹。

10、Lyn was kneeling in a fountain wearing a silk swimsuit dotted with palm trees, as well as long evening gloves and a mass of diamond jewellery. 琳恩穿着一件点缀着棕榈树的丝绸泳装跪在喷泉下，手上戴着出席晚会的长手套，全身都戴满了钻石珠宝。

11、I look down at my dripping wet clothes then gazed over at the team, all balanced in ludicrous position around that exquisite marble fountain , and smiled sweetly at him. 我朝下看了看滴着水珠的湿衣服然后打量了一下我的全部人马，所有人都在精致的大理石喷泉周围保持着滑稽的姿势，朝他亲切地微笑。

Unit Eight
1、No man thinks more highly than I do of the patriotism, as well as abilities, of the very worthy gentlemen who have just addressed the house , But different men often see the same subjects in different lights; and, therefore, I hope it will not be thought disrespectful（不敬）to those gentlemen, if , entertaining as I do, opinions of a character very opposite to theirs, I shall speak forth my sentiments freely, and without reserve. 我比任何人更钦佩刚刚在议会上发言的先生们的爱国精神和才能。

然而，对同一事物的看法往往因人而异。

因此，如果我的观点与你们的观点不同，希望不要被视作对先生们的不敬，我将率直地、毫无保留地陈述我的观点。

2、The question before the house is one of awful moments to this
country. For my own part, I consider it as nothing less than a question of freedom or slavery. 摆在议会代表们面前的问题关系到国家的存亡。

我认为，这是关系到享受自由还是蒙受奴役的大问题。

3、Should I keep back my opinions at such a time , through fear of giving offense, I should consider myself as guilty of treason toward my country, and of an act of disloyalty toward the majesty of Heaven, which I revere above all earthly kings. 在这种时刻，如果怕冒犯别人而闲口不言，我认为就是叛国，就是对比世间所有国君更为神圣的上帝的不忠。

4、Mr. President, it is natural to man to indulge in the illusions of hope. We are apt to （易于）shut our eyes against a painful truth –and listen to the song of that siren, till she transforms us into beasts. Is this the part of wise men, the number of those, who having eyes, see not, and having ears, hear not, the things which so nearly concern their temporal salvation? For my part, whatever anguish（痛苦）of spirit it may cost, I am willing to know the whole truth; to know the worst, and to provide（准备）for it. 议长先生，对希望抱有幻觉是人的天性。

我们易于闭起眼睛不愿正视痛苦的现实，并倾听海妖惑人的歌声，让她把我们化作禽兽。

在为自由而进行艰苦卓绝的斗争中，这难道是有理智的人的作为吗？难道我们愿意成为对获得自由这样休戚相关的事视而不见，充耳不闻的人吗？就我来说，无论在精神上有多么痛苦，我仍然愿意了解全部事实真相和最坏的事态，并为之做好
充分准备。

3、I have but one lamp by which my feet are guided; and that is the lamp of experience. I know of no way of judging of the future but by the past. And judging by the past, I wish to know what there has been in the conduct of the British ministry for the last ten years, to justify those hopes with which gentlemen have been pleased to solace themselves and the house. 我只有一盏指路明灯，那就是经验之灯。

除了过去的经验，我没有什么别的方法可以判断未来。

而依据过去的经验，我倒希望知道，10年来英国政府的所作所为，凭什么足以使各位先生有理由满怀希望，并欣然用来安慰自己和议会？
4、Ask yourselves how this gracious reception of our petition comports with those warlike preparations which cover our waters and darken our land. 请你们自问，接受我们请愿时的和气亲善与遍布我们海陆疆域的大规模备战如何能够相称？
5、Have we shown ourselves so unwilling to be reconciled, that force must be called in to win back our love? 难道我们流露过决不和解的愿望，以至为了赢回我们的爱，而必须诉诸武力吗？
6、we have petitioned—we have remonstrated—we have supplicated—we have prostrated ourselves before the throne, and have implored its interposition to arrest the tyrannical hands of the ministry and parliament（内阁）. 我们请愿过，我们抗议过，我们哀求过；我们曾拜倒在英王御座前，恳求他制止国会和内阁的残暴行
径。

7、If we wish to be free—if we mean not basely to abandon the noble struggle in which we have been so long engaged, and which we have pledged ourselves never to abandon, until the glorious object of our contest shall be obtained—we must fight! 假如我们想获得自由，并维护我们长期以来为之献身的崇高权利，假如我们不愿彻底放弃我们多年来的斗争，不获全胜，决不收兵。

那么，我们就必须战斗！
8、Shall we acquire the means of effectual resistance by lying supinely on our backs, and hugging the delusive phantom of hope, until our enemies shall have bound us hand and foot? 难道我们高枕而卧，抱着虚幻的希望，待到敌人捆住了我们的手脚，就能找到有效的御敌之策了吗？
9、Three millions of people, armed in holy cause of liberty and in such
a country as that which we possess, are invincible by any force which our enemy can send against（战胜）us. 三百万人民为了神圣的自由事业在自己的国土上被武装起来，那么任何敌人都无法战胜我们。

10、If we were base enough to desire it, it is now too late to retire （退出）from the contest（战斗）. There is no retreat but in submission （屈辱）and slavery! 如果我们懦弱胆小，想退出战斗为时晚矣。

除了甘受屈辱和奴役，别无他择。

11、Is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains（禁锢）and slavery?
难道生命就这么可贵，和平就这么甜蜜，竟值得以禁锢和奴役作为代价来换取？
注：部分句子译文在参考译文的基础上进行了调整，纯属个人见解，谨仅同学们参考。