The effects of a ground shield on the characteristics and performance of spiral inductors
专题04 自然灾害与防范-2024届高考英语时文阅读之语法填空专项训练(解析版)
2024届高考英语时文阅读之语法填空专项训练专题04自然灾难与防范基础篇Natural Phenomena: The roaring of floods咆哮的洪水巩固篇search continues for Morocco's quake survivors搜寻摩洛哥地震幸存者提高篇Wildfire spreads on Spain's Tenerife西班牙特内里费岛野火集中专项微练单句语法填空非谓语动词专项训练真题精选高考模拟连接名校真题演练【原创题】【基础篇】There may not always be time to protectyourself, but there are a few tips for dealing1 floods covering three phases:before, during and after a flood. When 2(choose) a place to live, try to avoid thefloodplain-areas close to a water source, 3can experience flooding during heavy rains. Andprepare some first aid bags along with your important 4 (document) in waterproof bags. Meanwhile, keep 5 eye on the warning systems. On July 7, more than 30,000 people in Donglan County, China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, were 6 (safe) transferred before flooding thanks to the warning system.When a flood 7 (happen), do not walk, swim or drive through flood waters. 8 (move) water contains great power that can knock you down and sweep your vehicle away. 9 you have to walk in water, make sure the water is not moving and you have things like a safety rope. Don't return home untilauthorities confirm it is safe. And be aware of water hygiene and power lines when you use them. Sometimes animals like snakes could appear in your house, you should wear gloves for sanitation and 10 (safe) .【答案】1. with2. choosing3. which4. documents5. an6. safely7. happens8. Moving9. If 10. safety【巩固篇】People slept in the streets for a third straightnight as soldiers and international aid teams intrucks and 1 (helicopter) began to faninto remote mountain villages hit hardest by themagnitude 6.8 quake, 2 struck 72kilometers southwest of Marrakech late 3Friday night. A Chinese medical team in Moroccoreceived a call from a local hospital shortly afterthe quake, saying a pregnant woman 4 (experience) severe predelivery bleeding. A doctor from the team rushed to the hospital and conducted 5 emergency surgery to deliver a baby girl, according to reports from Chinese media outlets. Both mother and daughter were doing well, the reports 6 (add).The team said it has performed multiple cesarean sections in the aftermath of the disaster, welcoming several new lives into the world. Flags 7 (lower) across Morocco, as King Mohammed VI ordered three days of national mourning starting on Sunday. He thanked Spain, Qatar, the UK and the UAE for 8 (they) assistance in search and rescue efforts, state TV reported. Morocco's deadliest quake was a magnitude 5.8 temblor in 1960 that struck near the city of Agadir, 9 (kill) at least 12,000. It prompted Morocco to change construction rules, but many buildings, 10 (especial) rural homes, are still not built to withstand strong tremors.【答案】1. helicopters2. which3. on4. was experiencing5. an6. added7. were lowered8. their9. killing 10. especially【提高篇】A wildfire on the Spanish island of Tenerifethat has forced thousands of people 1(flee) their homes remained out of control onSunday, despite a slight 2 (improve) inweather conditions during the night. Orange flameslit 3 the night sky from Saturday intoSunday on hillsides just above the lights ofinhabited areas, 4 thick black smokebillowed high into the air.Late on Saturday, emergency services said the fire was now affecting 10 towns, although 11 had been evacuated as a precaution. No major tourist areas 5 (affect). It covered an area of over 8,000 hectares (20,000 acres) with a perimeter of 70 km (40 miles), spreading from 5,000 hectares and a perimeter of 50 km early on Saturday. Regional 6 (authority)said over 12,000 people had been evacuated, revising down their earlier provisional estimate of 26,000.Weather conditions overnight were "better than expected" Tenerife's fire brigade said on Sunday on X,7 (form) known as Twitter. Fernando Clavijo, Canary Islands' regional leader, said the largest firefighting deployment in the history of Tenerife had so-far prevented the loss of any homes. Evacuations were ordered throughout Saturday due to worsening weather conditions. At 8 news conference late on Saturday, the head of Tenerife's local government Rosa Davila described the fire as "devastating" and said it had forced new evacuations.The blaze broke out on Wednesday in a mountainous national park around the Mount Teide volcano - Spain's highest peak. Popular tourist areas on Tenerife, part of the Canaries archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean, have so far been unaffected 9 its two airports have been operating normally. Scorching heat and dry weather this summer have contributed to unusually severe wildfires in Europe, 10 (include) in Spain's La Palma island in July, and Canada. Blazes on Hawaii's Maui island earlier this month killed more than 110 people and wrecked the historic resort city of Lahaina. Scientists say climate change has led to more frequent and more powerful extreme weather events.【答案】1. to flee2. improvement3. up4. while5. have been affected6. authorities7. formerly8. a9. and 10. including【专项微练：非谓语动词】1．__________ (inspire) by the people she met online, she decided to start an IT club. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】Inspired【详解】考查非谓语动词。
光照对钢琴的影响英语作文
Light exposure can have a significant impact on the longevity and performance of a piano. The effects of sunlight and artificial light on pianos are multifaceted and can be detrimental if not properly managed.Firstly, direct sunlight can cause the wood of the piano to warp or crack over time. This warping can affect the alignment of the pianos internal components, such as the soundboard, strings, and hammers, leading to changes in the instruments sound quality and tuning stability. To prevent this, it is advisable to place the piano away from windows or sources of direct sunlight and use curtains or blinds to shield it from strong light.Secondly, prolonged exposure to artificial light, especially heatproducing bulbs, can also cause damage to the piano. The heat can dry out the wood and glue, potentially leading to a loss of structural integrity and a decrease in sound quality. It is important to use cool LED lights or bulbs that do not emit excessive heat when illuminating the piano.Moreover, light can cause the pianos finish to fade or discolor over time. This is particularly true for pianos with a glossy or polished finish. To minimize this effect, it is recommended to use UVprotective materials or coatings on the pianos surface and to avoid placing the piano under direct light for extended periods.In addition to the physical effects of light on the piano, it is also important to consider the impact on the players visibility. Adequate lighting is necessary for the pianist to clearly see the keys and music, but overly bright or harsh lighting can cause discomfort or strain on the eyes. It is essential to find a balance between providing sufficient light for the pianist while also protecting the piano from the potential damage caused by light exposure.In conclusion, while light is an inevitable part of any room where a piano is placed, understanding and managing its effects is crucial for maintaining the instruments condition and performance. By taking appropriate measures such as shielding the piano from direct sunlight, using cool lighting sources, and protecting the pianos finish, one can ensure that the piano remains in optimal condition for many years to come.。
火山对生物的影响英语作文
火山对生物的影响英语作文The Impact of Volcanoes on Life。
Volcanoes, magnificent yet terrifying, have fascinated humanity for centuries. These natural wonders shape landscapes and ecosystems, yet their eruptions can devastate life in an instant. In this essay, we will explore the multifaceted impacts of volcanoes on life on Earth.Introduction。
Volcanoes are geological features formed by the release of molten rock, ash, and gases from the Earth's interior. While they are often associated with destruction, they also play a vital role in shaping the planet's surface and supporting diverse ecosystems.Formation and Types of Volcanoes。
Volcanoes can be classified into several types based on their shape, composition, and eruption style. The most common types include shield volcanoes, stratovolcanoes, and cinder cone volcanoes. Each type has distinctcharacteristics and can produce different types of eruptions, ranging from gentle lava flows to explosive pyroclastic events.The Impact on Landscapes。
高中英语时文阅读有词汇答案小学生捐赠自制防护面罩抵抗新冠多想想正能量帮你出低谷看看帕丁顿熊
Homemade protection 小学生捐赠自制防护面罩抵抗新冠The pandemic has caused chaos1. ___________(global), but it also provided some with opportunities. Whether offering their skills, taking online courses 2. _____finding new ways of connecting people, a select few have managed 3._____________(ease) the burden of COVID-19.During the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in the US, Zubin and Tenzing Carvalho were on high alert. The two brothers from California, aged 14 and 12, come from a family of healthcare workers. Having lost relatives to the virus, the brothers decided to do something.Their dad, Gerard Carvalho, 4._________(work) at Hemet Global Medical Center, and their grandparents are also doctors. From them, the brothers knew 5.________the battle (战争) looked like on the frontlines, and wanted to make sure all the healthcare workers were as 6.___________(protect) as possible.As members of a robotics (机器人) team at Western Center Academy, the brothers began 7.________(use) their team’s 3D printer to make face shields (防护面罩). They soon realized there was a high demand (需求) for personal protective equipment, and reached out to robotics teams at other schools to expand their project.Since February, students from seven high schools and eight elementary schools 8.___________(join) them and helped to produce more than 12,500 face shields. Their group has made 9._________(donate) to more than 50 clinics (诊所) and food and service workers.The experience has been a positive one for the brothers. “We’re just kids, but now we have the opportunity t o help people in many different ways,” said Tenzing.10. ___________(make) face shields is not an easy job. Each face shield takes three hours to make, and the boys often print for 15 hours a day from their living room at home.alert n. 警戒；警报healthcare n. 医疗保健donation n. 捐赠（物），赠送passion n. 激情chaos n. 混沌，混乱manage 管理；经营；控制；设法on high alert处于高级戒备状态relative n. 亲戚；相关物frontline n. 前线shield防护物；保护者demand v. 强烈要求；需要personal adj. 个人的；身体的；亲自的equipment n. 设备，装备；器材reach out to把手伸向，接触expand扩张；使膨胀elementary schools 小学一题多练单选The pandemic has caused chaos globally, but it also provided some with opportunities. Whether offering their skills, taking online courses or finding new ways of connecting people, a select few have managed to ease the burden of COVID-19.During the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in the US, Zubin and Tenzing Carvalho were on high alert. The two brothers from California, aged 14 and 12, come from a family of healthcare workers. Having lost relatives to the virus, the brothers decided to do something.Their dad, Gerard Carvalho, works at Hemet Global Medical Center, and their grandparents are also doctors. From them, the brothers knew what the battle (战争) looked like on the frontlines, and wanted to make sure all the healthcare workers were as protected as possible.As members of a robotics (机器人) team at Western Center Academy, the brothers began using their team’s 3D printer to make face shields (防护面罩). They soon realized there was a high demand (需求) for personal protective equipment, and reached out to robotics teams at other schools to expand their project.Since February, students from seven high schools and eight elementary schools have joined them and helped to produce more than 12,500 face shields. Their group has made donations to more than 50 clinics (诊所) and food and service workers.The experience has been a positive one for the brothers. “We’re just kids, but now we have the opportunity to help people in many different ways,” said Tenzing.Making face shields is not an easy job. Each face shield takes three hours to make, and the boys often print for 15 hours a day from their living room at home.“For them, to be able to support us has been so heartwarming,” said Andy McGuire, who help ed the brothers produce face shields. As the Hemet Unified School District’s purchasing (采购) director, he was used to providing students with things they need, such as school lunches. But the roles have been reversed (颠倒). “Now we have the kids taki ng care of us,” McGuire noted.Paul Bailey, principal (校长) of Western Center Academy, said he is proud of his students. “They’re willing to wrap their heads (认真研究) around problems,” he said. “They want to do what they can to apply their resources, knowledge, drive and passi on to help those around them.”While there are many similar projects (项目) to help frontline workers, Tenzing and Zubin have “ramped up (提高) the capacity (生产力) and taken things to a whole new level”, Bailey said.1. What drove the brothers to make face shields?A. The shortage of face shields on the market.B. The encouragement from the healthcare center.C. The deaths of their relatives due to the pandemic.D. The suggestion from their grandparents who are doctors.2. What can we know about the boys’ face shield project?A. It was supported by the local government.B. It made use of 3D printing technology.C. The brothers could make three face shields per day.D. Students from eight high schools and elementary schools were involved.3. Which words best describe the brothers?A. Strong-willed and modest.B. Kind-hearted and creative.C. Open-minded and humorous.D. Hard-working and emotional.参考答案：1.globally 2.or 3.to ease 4.works 5.what 6.protected ing 8.have joined9.donations 10. MakingC B B来了解一下帕丁顿熊吧Paddington is one of the most famous 1. ______ (bear) in the world. He first came onto the British scene in 1958 in children’s book A Bear Called Paddington by British writer Michael Bond. In the story, Paddington is kind and 2. ______ (humor). He is also polite and always calls people “Mr”, “Mrs” and “Miss”, rarely using 3. ______ first names.Such a cu te bear caught people’s hearts 4. ______ (immediate). He first came out on TV in 1975. He’s also been made into toys with different costumes. Many children would have a Paddington bear toy 5. ______ their first gift.Paddington is so loved that it’s common 6. ______ (find) plates and tea towels with Paddington patterns in British homes. He has 7. ______ special facial expression. He 8. ______ (know) for giving a hard stare whenever he meets somebody he doesn’t like. Therefore, when someone gives a hard stare, you could say that they are making a “Paddington Bear face”.Today, thi s classic children’s character 9. ______ (grow) into the fabric (组成部分) of British culture. 10. ______ you want a taste of British culture, Paddington’s stories are a great way to get it.参考答案：1. bears2. humorous3. their4. immediately5. as6. to find7. a8. is known9. has grown 10. If多想想正能量帮你出低谷While you want to live in reality (现实), don’t forget that you have the power 1. _________(bring) positive thinking to your world. If you don’t, your relationships will suffer. Other people will dread (害怕) to have you around.Most people have gone through a negative event or suffered a downfall, 2. ______it’s important to think good thoughts on purpose 3. __________(lessen) the effects from bad experiences.Scientists say our bodies produce a chemical reaction (反应) 4. _____every single thought we have, and many believe that negative (负面的) thinking can cause physical 5. _________(ill) , even cancer.For our emotional (情绪的) health and relationships, let’s assume (假设) our thoughts 6. _____have this kind of power.Imagine mental health is a magnet (磁铁). A healthy person will attract a date, social experiences and friends 7. _______enjoy the “atmosphere” this person creates. While someone with a bad attitude will repel (排斥) relationships and experiences that could be 8. _________(help) .in reality实际上；事实上suffer 遭受；忍受；经历go through参加；经受；仔细检查；通过negative 消极的；否定的；阴性的downfall衰败；落下；大雨on purpose 有目的地，故意地reaction n. 反应，感应physical adj. 物理的；身体的mental 精神的；脑力的emotional adj. 情绪的；易激动的；感动人的assume 设想；承担；采取attract . 吸引；引起atmosphere 气氛；大气；空气参考答案：1. to bring 2. but 3. to lessen 4. to 5. illness 6. do 7. who 8. helpful。
有帮助的单词
有帮助的单词1. 单词：helpful- 单词释义：给予帮助的；有用的；有益的。
- 单词用法：可作形容词，用于修饰名词，如a helpful book（一本有用的书）；也可用于be动词之后，如He is very helpful.（他很乐于助人）。
- 近义词：useful（有用的）、beneficial（有益的）。
- 短语搭配：be helpful to（对……有帮助）。
- 双语例句：- When I was lost in the new city, a helpful stranger showed me the way. Oh, that stranger was like an angel in my moment of confusion.（当我在新城市迷路时，一个乐于助人的陌生人给我指了路。
哦，那个陌生人在我迷茫的时候就像天使一样。
）- My mom always gives me helpful advice. It's as if her words are magic keys opening the doors to solutions.（我妈妈总是给我有用的建议。
就好像她的话是魔法钥匙，能打开解决问题的大门。
） - This app is so helpful. It's like having a personal assistant right in your pocket.（这个应用程序太有用了。
就像口袋里有个私人助理一样。
）- Teachers should be helpful to students' growth. Just think, without their help, how could students thrive?（教师应该对学生的成长有帮助。
想想看，没有他们的帮助，学生怎么能茁壮成长呢？） - A helpful tool can make our work much easier. Isn't it great when you find that one thing that just simplifies everything?（一个有用的工具可以让我们的工作轻松很多。
2023年高考英语外刊时文精读专题06蟑螂救援队
2023年高考英语外刊时文精读精练 (6)Roaches to the rescue蟑螂救援队主题语境：人与社会主题语境内容：科学与技术【外刊原文】（斜体单词为超纲词汇，认识即可；下划线单词为课标词汇，需熟记。
）Why go to all the trouble of designing and building a drone（无人机）if nature has already done most of the job for you? That is the attitude taken by the small but determined band of researchers who are trying to robotise（机械化）insects. Some are working on turning insects like beetles（甲虫）into such cyborgs（半人半机器的生物）—perhaps for use in military inspection or spying. Others prefer to concentrate on the fearful side of entomology（昆虫学）,by taking electronic control of cockroaches（蟑螂）.The first cyber-roach（赛博蟑螂） goes back to 1997, when Shimoyama Isao of Tokyo University sent electrical signals to a cockroach's antennae（触角）, causing it to turn either left or right depending on which antenna was stimulated. Others have built on this approach by recruiting extra sense organs, such as the rear-facing cerci（后向尾须）. They have also begun fitting the insects with instrument packs that might let them do a useful job: searching collapsed buildings for survivors.One such is Sato Hirotaka of Nanyang Technological University, in Singapore. He has been working on cyber-insects for 15 years. Now, he has added another twist to cyber-roaches. Instead of having their movements dictated by remote control, his are autonomous agents. They are run by algorithms（算法）that respond directly to sensors in their backpacks.The insects thus fitted out by Dr Sato are Madagascar hissing（发声） cockroaches, which are about 6cm long. The backpacks contain a communications chip, a carbon-dioxide sensor, a motion sensor, an infrared（红外线）camera and a tiny battery.Released into the rubble（碎石）, to crawl their way through while searching for signs of life such as movement, body heat and higher CO2 levels from breathing. The artificial intelligence that decides whether a set of signals actually indicate the presence of a human being is programmed directly intothe camera. If it thinks it has spotted someone, it alerts a rescuer.To test this arrangement, Dr Sato and his team ran trials in a simulated disaster zone. They laid out concrete blocks of various shapes and sizes in an area of 25 square metres. Among these were a number of people, and also some decoys(诱饵), such as a heat lamp, a microwave oven and a laptop. They then released the cyber-roaches, having first programmed into them the search's start and end points. The software proved able to recognise humans correctly 87% of the time, a success rate Dr Sato thinks could be improved still further by collecting multiple images from different angles. The next phase of the project is to refine the system for use out of doors. That done, manufacture of the backpacks and automation of their attachment (附加装置)to the insects will need to be commercialised（商业化）. If all goes well, Dr Sato predicts the result could be available for use within five years.【课标词汇】1.design设计；制（图）；意图，打算Who designed this building/dress/furniture?是谁设计这座建筑物／这款裙子／这套家俱？This dictionary is designed for advanced learners of English.本词典是为高级英语学习者编写的。
高考英语选修一试卷
Part I Vocabulary and StructureSection A1. The teacher's criticism on my work was so severe that I felt quite ___________.A. discouragedB. encouragedC. motivatedD. demotivated2. The company is planning to expand its operations in the ___________ market.A. domesticB. internationalC. globalD. national3. She was so ___________ that she didn't notice the time until it was too late.A. absorbedB. boredC. tiredD. exhausted4. The government has implemented strict regulations to ___________ environmental pollution.A. reduceB. increaseC. eliminateD. control5. The book is filled with ___________ information about the history of the ancient civilization.A. valuableB. interestingC. boringD. importantSection B6. Choose the correct form of the word to complete the sentence.The manager was ___________ (inform) about the upcoming changes inthe company.7. The teacher ___________ (ask) the students to hand in their homework before the end of the class.8. The team's performance ___________ (improve) significantly since the new coach took over.9. The doctor ___________ (prescribe) medication for the patient's condition.10. The committee ___________ (consider) several options for the project.Part II Reading ComprehensionSection ARead the following passage and answer the questions that follow.The Internet has revolutionized the way we communicate, access information, and conduct business. With just a few clicks, we canconnect with people from all over the world, access a vast amount of information, and conduct transactions online. However, this convenience comes with a price. The Internet has also introduced numerous challenges, such as privacy concerns, information overload, and cybercrime.One of the most significant challenges posed by the Internet is privacy. With the increasing amount of personal data being shared online, individuals are at a higher risk of identity theft and other forms of cybercrime. Companies and organizations must also be vigilant about protecting their customers' data from being compromised.Another challenge is information overload. The Internet provides access to an almost limitless amount of information, but this can be overwhelming for users. It is essential to develop critical thinking skills to discern between reliable and unreliable sources of information.Cybercrime is another serious concern. Hackers can exploitvulnerabilities in computer systems to gain unauthorized access to personal and financial information. This can lead to significant financial losses and emotional distress for individuals and businesses.Despite these challenges, the Internet has brought numerous benefits to society. It has facilitated global communication, increased access to education and healthcare, and improved efficiency in various industries. As technology continues to evolve, it is crucial to address the challenges posed by the Internet and harness its potential for positive change.11. What is one of the main challenges introduced by the Internet?A. Global communicationB. Privacy concernsC. Information overloadD. Cybercrime12. Why is it essential to develop critical thinking skills when using the Internet?A. To avoid cybercrimeB. To find reliable informationC. To protect privacyD. To communicate effectively13. What is the author's attitude towards the Internet?A. NegativeB. PositiveC. NeutralD. CriticalSection BRead the following passage and answer the questions that follow.Global warming is a significant environmental issue that affects the entire planet. It refers to the long-term increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to human activities, primarily the emission of greenhouse gases. The consequences of global warming are far-reaching, including rising sea levels, extreme weather events, and the loss of biodiversity.One of the most immediate impacts of global warming is the melting of polar ice caps and glaciers. This leads to rising sea levels, which can result in the displacement of coastal communities and the destruction of coastal habitats. Additionally, as the polar ice melts, it reduces the albedo effect, which further accelerates the warming of the planet.Extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, floods, and droughts, are also becoming more frequent and severe due to global warming. These events can cause widespread damage to infrastructure, agriculture, and human health.The loss of biodiversity is another consequence of global warming. As temperatures rise, many species are unable to adapt and may face extinction. This loss of biodiversity can disrupt ecosystems and lead to a cascade of negative effects on other species.14. What is the primary cause of global warming?A. Natural processesB. Human activitiesC. Solar radiationD. Volcanic eruptions15. How does global warming affect sea levels?A. They remain stable.B. They decrease.C. They increase.D. They fluctuate.16. What is one of the consequences of global warming mentioned in the passage?A. Improved crop yieldsB. Increased snowfallC. Decreased biodiversityD. Enhanced air qualityPart III WritingWrite an essay on the following topic:In recent years, there has been a growing concern about the impact of social media on young people. Some people believe that social media has a positive impact on young people, while others argue that it has a negative impact. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.[Your answer should be at least 150 words.]。
西方经济学论文选题题目
西方经济学论文选题题目1. The impact of technological innovation on economic growth: A comparative analysis of different countries2. Free trade versus protectionism: A critical examination of their effects on national economies3. The role of government intervention in correcting market failures: An analysis of different policy approaches4. Income inequality and its implications for economic development: A cross-country comparison5. The relationship between inflation and unemployment: A critical review of the Phillips curve and its applicability in today's global economy6. The economic effects of immigration: A comparative analysis of different immigration policies and their impact on host countries7. The influence of monetary policy on exchange rates: A comparative study of different central bank approaches8. The impact of globalization on developing economies: A case study of the effects of globalization on specific countries9. The role of entrepreneurship in driving economic growth: An analysis of the factors that contribute to entrepreneurial success 10. The economic implications of climate change: A comparative study of different countries' responses to environmental challengesThe impact of technological innovation on economic growth is a topic of great interest in the field of economics. Technological innovation has been a driving force behind economic development in many countries. The adoption of new technologies has led to increases in productivity, efficiency, and overall economic output. However, the effects of technological innovation on economic growth can vary significantly across different countries.For example, some countries may have a more conducive environment for technological innovation, such as strong institutions, well-developed capital markets, and a skilled workforce. These countries are likely to experience rapid economic growth as a result of technological innovation. On the other hand, countries with weaker institutions, limited access to capital, and less skilled labor may struggle to fully harness the benefits of technological innovation, leading to slower economic growth.Free trade and protectionism are two competing economic policies that have significant implications for national economies. Free trade promotes the exchange of goods and services across borders without the imposition of tariffs, quotas, or other barriers. Proponents argue that free trade can lead to lower prices for consumers, increased competitiveness for firms, and overall economic growth. On the other hand, protectionism aims to shield domestic industries from foreign competition through tariffs, subsidies, and other trade barriers. Advocates of protectionism argue that it can protect domestic jobs and industries from unfair competition and prevent the loss of crucial industries to foreign competition.The role of government intervention in correcting market failures is another important area of study. Market failures occur when the allocation of goods and services by a free market is inefficient, leading to suboptimal outcomes. Government intervention can take various forms, such as regulations, taxes, subsidies, and public provision of goods and services. The effectiveness of government intervention in correcting market failures depends on a range offactors, including the nature of the market failure, the government's capacity to intervene, and the unintended consequences of intervention.In conclusion, the topics of economic growth, trade policies, government intervention, and other economic issues are complex and multifaceted. A comparative analysis of different countries provides valuable insights into the diverse approaches and outcomes in economic policy and can shed light on best practices for promoting sustainable and inclusive economic development.。
皮肤的屏障作用英文文献
Moisturization and skin barrier functionABSTRACT：Over the past decade，great progress has been made toward elucidating the structure and function of the stratum corneum (SC），the outermost layer of the epidermis. SC cells (corneocytes）protect against desiccation and environmental by the SC is largely dependent on several factors. First，intercellular lamellar lipids, organized predominantly in an orthorhombic gel phase, provide an effective barrier to the passage of water through the tissue. Secondly，the diffusion path length also retards water loss, since water must traverse the tortuous path created by the SC layers and corneocyte envelopes. Thirdly, and equally important, is natural moisturizing factor (NMF), a complex mixture of low-molecular—weight，water—soluble compounds first formed within thee corneocytes by degradation of the histidine—rich protein known as filaggrin. Each maturation step leading to the formation of an effective moisture barrier－including corneocyte strengthening, lipid processing，and NMF generation－is influenced by the level of SC hydration。
去太空旅行有什么危险英语作文
去太空旅行有什么危险英语作文英文回答：Going on a trip to space is an exciting and thrilling experience, but it also comes with its fair share of dangers. One of the main risks of space travel is the exposure to high levels of radiation. The Earth's atmosphere provides a protective shield against most of the harmful radiation from the sun and outer space, but once you leave the atmosphere, the risk of radiation exposure increases significantly. This can lead to long-term health issues such as an increased risk of cancer.Another danger of space travel is the potential for equipment failure. Spacecraft are incredibly complex machines, and any malfunction or failure of critical systems could lead to a life-threatening situation. This could include a loss of life support systems, a failure of the spacecraft's propulsion system, or a breach in the hull of the spacecraft.Furthermore, the effects of microgravity on the human body can also pose significant risks. Extended periods of weightlessness can lead to muscle atrophy, bone density loss, and a weakened immune system. Astronauts must undergo rigorous physical training and exercise regimens tomitigate these effects, but the risks are still present.In addition to these physical dangers, there are also psychological risks associated with space travel. Being confined to a small spacecraft for an extended period of time, isolated from friends and family, and exposed to the vast emptiness of space can take a toll on an astronaut's mental well-being. The psychological effects of spacetravel can include depression, anxiety, and mood swings.Overall, while the idea of traveling to space may seem like a dream come true, it's important to recognize thevery real dangers and risks that come with it. Space agencies and companies are constantly working to improvethe safety of space travel, but it remains a risky endeavor.中文回答：去太空旅行是一次激动人心的体验，但也伴随着许多危险。
Numark TTM 56S混音器操作人员手册说明书
Manual-1TTM 56SPERFORMANCE MIXEROPERATORS MANUAL Quick StartCongratulations! You are the proud owner of an exceptional per-formance instrument. Experienced turntablists will find the TTM 56S comfortable and familiar. The TTM 56S has many unique features which are mastered quicker if you read the manual. Right! We know you can’t resist jumping right in, but please read at least this portion of the manual . It will help you get a good start.About the faders: The program faders and crossfader are magnetic, non-contact faders . This means No travel noise – No bleed – Ever! The electrical performance of the faders is unaffected by use. Old habits are hard to break, but you really don’t have to mess with these faders. The magnetic faders in this mixer are very different from what you are used to. Be sure and read the Q and A section on page Manual-6.Special Features:• KILL switches behave like transform controls, to quickly cut a signal in or out. Be sure these switches are up to get sound!• Separate CONTOUR controls for each fader and the crossfader allow continuous adjustment from smooth blend to fast cut.• The CHANNEL SWAP switch allows the left-hand or right-hand fader to control PGM 1 or PGM 2.• Auxiliary Inputs and Outputs, with independent level controls, give session mixing ability.WEAR PARTS: This product contains no wear parts.AUX Inputs may be used for a drum machine, keyboard, etc.AUX Input comes in after the Crossfader and after the FlexFX loop.AUX Outputs may be used for recording, booth monitoring, or a second zone. AUX Output is the same mix as the Master.• FlexFX ™ allow individual assignment of PGM 1, PGM 2 or both to the effects loop. The effects loop is post-fader . You get great results when using the program faders or crossfader with reverb or other delay effects. For instance, reverb and echo tails are still heard after the fader is off. The WET /DRY pan lets you control how much of the effect is in the mix.• Three-band Accelerated-Slope™ EQ allows full cut of each band. The EQ engage switches lets you A/B compare or quickly transform the EQ effect.• Two 10-segment meters provide Dual-Mono-Cue or Stereo-Master operation.• Yes, we included a power switch on the rear.The flexibility of the TTM 56S can result in some initial confusion. The CHANNEL SWAP switch, KILL switches, REVERSE switches, Faders and Crossfader are all different ways to cut the signal. We recommend trying one thing at a time. Check that the KILL switches are ON (up position). Make sure the CHANNEL SWAP switch (and its yellow LED) is off . Start by changing the Contour of each fader, one at a time. See the diagrams on page Manual-5 to understand the fader responses under different settings, with REVERSE on and off.Once you understand the controls, start creating!Rear Panel Hook-up PowerThe TTM 56S features an internaluniversal switching power supply thatoperates on any AC mains 100 to 240VAC, 50 or 60 Hz (most places inthe world). All that is required whentraveling is the appropriate IEC linecord available in each country. Theuniversal supply is a major plus for thetraveling DJ. The POWER switch isjust above the power connector. Youknow what to do with this, but leave itoff until everything is connected. InputsPGM 1 and PGM 2 each have twoinputs, each assignable PHONO orLINE. For a turntable input withRIAA compensation, push the cor-responding switch up to PHONO. Forall other sources such as CD or MP3players, push the corresponding switchdown to LINE.PHONO GROUNDS provideindependent ground connect pointsfor turntables. It is very importantthat each turntable have a very goodground connection to one of theseterminals. The thumbscrews will comeoff if they are over-rotated, so be care-ful not to spin them off and lose them.AUX IN may be used with a drummachine, groovebox, sampler, or another mixer’s output for session mix. This Input is mixed after the Cross-fader and FlexFX loop.MIC INPUT is a balanced input specifically designed for a dynamic mic (a condenser mic will not work).1-CONDUCTOR SHIELDED CABLE1-CONDUCTOR SHIELDED CABLET=SENDR=RETURNS=SHIELD++SENDRETURN++SHIELD SHIELDSHIELDSend/Return Cable WiringEffects LoopsMIC EFFECTS insert jack is un-balanced. It is wired for ¼" TRS,meaning Tip=Send, Ring=Returnand the Shield or Sleeve. This is anindependent Effects Loop for the Mic.There is no engage switch, so the Micsignal is always processed when youhave a plug inserted and an effects boxconnected. If you are connecting to aneffects processor with a Send/Returnjack, a single TRS cable will work.If your effects processor has separateSend and Receive jacks, you need a“Y” cable. You can buy a Send/Returncable from your local music store, oryou can make one of your own, asshown below.FlexFX EFFECTS jacks are unbal-anced mono ¼" TS (Tip and Sleeve).This stereo loop is used for outputto (send) and input from (return) aneffects processor. The SEND jacks pro-vide the output to your effects proces-sor. The RETURN jacks provide inputfor the signal returning from youreffects processor. If you have an effectsdevice with a single ¼" TRS, tip=send,ring=return jack, you need a “Y” cable,as shown below.OutputsAUX OUT may be used for recording,booth monitoring, a second playbackzone, or connecting another mixer forsession mix. AUX OUT is the samesignal as the Master Mix with its ownLevel control.MASTER OUT includes two setsof stereo outputs: The ¼" TRS jacksprovide balanced (Tip-Ring-Sleeve)output. Use this balanced outputwhenever driving equipment with abalanced input, or when running dis-tances greater than 10 feet (3 meters).Never use a mono ¼" Tip/Sleeve (noring) plug in this jack. Use the RCAunbalanced outputs for shorter runsconnecting to unbalanced devices. Seethe RaneNote “Sound System Inter-connection” if you need to convertbetween balanced and unbalanced orrun long distances.Manual-2Manual-3Mic SectionMIC LEVEL sets the gain of the Mic Input. The range is off to +44 dB. There is no engage switch, so set the Mic Level to zero (0) when you aren't using it. The Mic Input mini-mum gain is 26 dB, so a line-level mic source (such as a wireless receiver) must be padded.The OL indicator lights 6 dB before clipping. Adjust the Mic Level so the OL indicator flashes only when you really shout into the mic.MIC HIGH and LOW tone controls provide as much as 12 dB of boost or 12 dB of cut. These controls have no effect when the controls are set to their center detent (12 o'clock).range). The range of control is +6 dB to Off (full kill). The center detent po-sition leaves this filter inactive. Use for small tonal changes or to cut midrange signals.LOW tone controls affect frequen-cies below 300 Hz. The range is +6 dB to Off (full kill). The center detent position leaves the filter inactive. These filters influence signals below the vocal range. Use to adjust or eliminate bass beats.PAN controls adjust the Left and Right balance of PGM 1 and PGM 2.using the program faders or crossfader with reverb or other delay effects. The effects loop provides separate stereo send and return jacks. The green indi-cator lights when FlexFX is engaged for either Program.WET/DRY pan control lets you set the amount of effect in the mix. DRY equals no effect, WET gives maximum effect.Output LevelsMASTER control sets the level for both the unbalanced and balanced Master Outputs.AUX OUTPUT control sets the level going to the Auxiliary Outputs.AUDIO PRECISION vs -20-18-16-14-12-10-8-6-4-202468101214161820AMPL(dBr)201001k10k 50kFREQ(Hz)Low +12, High +12Low 0, High 0Low -12, High -12Combined response of the Mic tone controls Program SectionsPGM 1 inputs are sent to the left side of the crossfader. (with the Fader 1 Reverse switch out and LED off )PGM 2 inputs are sent to the right side of the crossfader. (with the Fader 2 Reverse switch out and LED off )SOURCE switches select which inputs are assigned to each of the Programs. PGM 1 can switch between inputs 1 and 2. PGM 2 can switch between inputs 3 and 4.GAIN controls adjust the signal level before it gets to the Faders. Set the Gain controls to indicate an average signal level of +4 on the meter with the program faders set to maximum. Don't use the Gain controls to set the output e the Main Level control to set the output level. This is a very simple thing, yet makes a huge difference in mixer performance.FadersThe program faders and crossfaderare magnetic, non-contact faders. Thismeans No travel noise or bleed ! Theelectrical performance of the fadersis unaffected by use. The programfaders and crossfader each have theirown Contour and Reverse (hamster)controls. Magnetic faders are very dif-ferent from what you are used to. ReadMaintaining Magnetic Faders onpages Manual 8-9.CHANNEL SWAP switch allowsthe left-hand or right-hand Fader toalternately control PGM 1 or PGM 2.(Don't confuse with the REVERSEswitches, see below.)CONTOUR controls allow smooth,continuous adjustment of contour. Therange of control is from SLOW blendto FAST cut, adjustable independentlyfor each fader and the crossfader. Seethe illustrations on the next page.REVERSE switches change the direc-tion of the faders. When a Reverseswitch is engaged on a PGM fader,up is down and down is up (hamster).When the Reverse switch is engagedon the Crossfader, PGM 1 goes to theB side and PGM 2 goes to the A side. MetersMeters provide switchable true stereoMaster Mix or dual-mono PGM1 /PGM2 indication of Pre-Program fad-er signal levels. Ten-segment resolutionis provided with a one second, peakhold. Use the meter to set the GAINcontrols. With the program fader set tomaximum, the input GAIN should beset to indicate an average level of about+4 dB.• The headphone output of the TTM56S delivers very high volume.• To avoid pain, never put headphoneson your head before plugging them in.• Always start with the PHONES Levelturned down, and then turn it up.• Because of the high current and lowoutput impedance, never short oneHeadphone CueingPHONES Level control sets the out-put level of the headphone amplifier.MASTER / CUE switch is used toselect the headphone monitor source:Use MASTER (out) to rehearse yourperformance. This signal is the same asthe Master Out, but is not affected byManual-4Manual-5Fader ResponseChannel faders and Crossfader illustrating the effects of the Reverse and Contour controls.Manual-6Maintaining Magnetic FadersThere are no electrical contacts to clean!The faders in the TTM 56S are designed with materials highly resistant to corrosion and most chemicals. While the faders will handle millions of operations, they may become dirty over time. Bad things may be spilled or sprayed into the faders. In either case, the faders are not damaged and the sound quality is unaffected. Cleaning is only required to maintain the feel of the faders .The faders are self-lubricating and with normal use, should not require additional lubrication. If you wish, you can use a light silicone lubricant rated for use with electrical parts. This will help maintain the feel. We recommend Caig DeoxIT FaderLube F100 spray lubricant.Order DeoxIT® F100 from CAIG Laboratories, Inc. 12200 Thatcher Ct. Poway, CA 92064 Phone 858-486-8388 Fax 858-486-8398 Web Never use a heavy lubricant or grease . Doing so will notdamage the faders, but can undo the feel. If grease was used, it may be removed by following the cleaning instructions. Light lubrica-tion is possible with the Lexan plate on. A couple of drops or a short spray are all that is required. Make sure the products you use are suitable for use with electrical parts that contain plastic.Magnetic Slider Rail Cleaninga. Move the carrier all the way to one side.b. Use a soft lint-free cloth to wipe off rails.c. Add a drop of silicone lubricant (or quick spray from aerosol) to the center of each rail.d. Move the carrier back and forth to distribute lubricant.e. Do not bend torsion spring or touch sensors.Magnetic Fader Q and AQ: Will I damage the faders if I spray them with bad stuff or spill bad things in them?A: No . The faders in the TTM 56S are designed with materials highly resistant to corrosion and most chemicals. There are no electrical contacts to clean or damage . While bad things may change the feel of the faders, bad things will not affect the sound. To clean faders that have had a bad thing put in them, follow the simple instructions on page Manual-8.Q: Can I install magnetic faders in any other mixer?A: Sorry . The connectors may be similar, but the circuits are very different. Connecting the faders to anything other than the in-tended cable in the TTM 56S could permanently damage them.Q: Can I install other faders in my TTM 56S?A: No . The cable connections are specially designed for Rane mag-netic faders.Q: Can I install a different magnetic fader in my mixer or swap the position of my faders?A: No . In order to achieve the highest possible accuracy, each magnetic fader is factory calibrated for the location in which it was shipped. For information about replacement or calibration, contact Rane Customer Service. If you remove the faders for cleaning, make sure you mark them. This helps you to put them back in the same location.Q: Is the same fader used in the TTM 56 as the TTM 56S?A: Yes . We finally get to say yes.Manual-7Fader RemovalFor more effective cleaning and lubrication, follow the directions outlined below:1. Required tools: #1 Philips screwdriver and a pair of clean hands.2. Disconnect the power.3. Remove the fader caps by pulling them away from the Lexan faceplate.4. Remove the four 4-40 screws attaching the Lexan faceplate.5. Remove the Lexan faceplate. See the picture and instructions. The fader rails are now accessible for normal cleaning and lubrication.6. If more thorough cleaning is required, or the fader needs replacing, remove the fader by removing the two #4 screws securing it.7. NOTE: Do not disturb the position of the small sensors at each end of the Fader . If you do, make sure the parts are standing straight before reinstalling.8. NOTE : In order to achieve the highest possible accuracy, each magnetic fader is factory calibrated for the location in which it was shipped. If you remove all the faders for cleaning, make sure you mark them . This helps you to put them back in the correct location.9. Disconnect the ribbon cable, noting the orientation of the red stripe.10. Sugary liquids spilled into a fader may be removed by thoroughly rinsing the part in hot water. Removal of grease or other stubborn debris may require alcohol or contact cleaner.11. Make sure the part is clean and dry before lubricating or reinstalling.12. To reassemble, reverse the disassembly procedure.13. Problems? Contact Rane Corporation customer service at 425-355-6000.Mark the location the ribbon:PGM1 PGM2 XFADERRemove the ribbon, the red stripe.TorsionManual-8©Rane Corporation 10802 47th Ave. W., Mukilteo WA 98275-5098 USA TEL 425-355-6000 FAX 425-347-7757 WEB 111500TTM 56S Block DiagramP G M L E F TP G M L E F TU TT P G M L E F T P G M L E F TL。
英文预防新冠病毒作文
英文预防新冠病毒作文英文回答：To safeguard against the formidable scourge of the COVID-19 pandemic, a prudent mosaic of proactive measures must be meticulously deployed. These decisive actions will fortify our defenses against this insidious foe, safeguarding our health and well-being while mitigating its pernicious effects on society.1. Vaccination: The cornerstone of our collective defense lies in mass vaccination programs. Vaccines provide a formidable shield against the virus, dramatically reducing the likelihood of infection, severe illness, and death. By inoculating a substantial portion of the population, we establish herd immunity, effectively curtailing the virus's capacity for unchecked transmission.2. Social Distancing: To effectively curb the spread of the virus, we must limit close contact with others outsideour immediate household. Maintaining a physical distance of at least six feet, particularly in public spaces, reduces the risk of inhaling respiratory droplets containing the virus. This simple yet profound practice has proven instrumental in suppressing transmission rates.3. Mask-Wearing: Face coverings serve as a crucial barrier, preventing the transmission of respiratory droplets. When worn correctly, masks provide a dual-pronged defense, safeguarding both the wearer and those around them. They act as a physical impediment, blocking virus-laden droplets from entering or exiting the respiratory tract.4. Hand Hygiene: Meticulous hand hygiene, including frequent washing with soap and water or using alcohol-based hand sanitizer, plays a pivotal role in preventing the spread of infection. The virus can survive on surfaces for extended periods, so diligent handwashing ensures that wedo not inadvertently transfer it to our faces or food.5. Cough and Sneeze Etiquette: When coughing or sneezing, proper etiquette is imperative. By covering ourmouths and noses with a tissue or the crook of our elbow, we effectively contain respiratory droplets, preventing their dispersal into the air. This simple act helps minimize the risk of transmitting the virus to others.6. Contact Tracing and Isolation: Rapid and effective contact tracing is crucial for promptly identifying individuals who have been in close contact with an infected person. Once identified, these individuals should immediately quarantine themselves to prevent further spread of the virus. By isolating infected individuals, we effectively break the chain of transmission, hindering the virus's ability to propagate.7. Travel Restrictions: In the face of a global pandemic, implementing travel restrictions can be a necessary measure to curb the spread of the virus across borders. Restricting non-essential travel, particularly from high-risk areas, helps prevent the introduction of the virus into new regions and gives local healthcare systems time to prepare and respond.8. Public Health Messaging: Clear and consistent public health messaging is vital for educating the populace about the virus, its transmission, and effective preventive measures. Governments and health organizations should disseminate accurate and timely information through various channels, ensuring that everyone has access to the knowledge they need to protect themselves and others.9. Research and Development: Ongoing research and development are essential for combatting COVID-19. Scientists tirelessly work to develop new vaccines, treatments, and diagnostic tools. By investing in research, we bolster our capacity to effectively manage the pandemic and mitigate its impact on society.10. Global Cooperation: The COVID-19 pandemic is a global challenge that transcends national boundaries. No single country can effectively combat this virus alone. International cooperation is imperative for sharing resources, coordinating research efforts, and ensuring equitable access to vaccines and treatments. By working together, we can forge a united front against thisformidable adversary.中文回答：为了防止新冠病毒大流行带来的巨大灾难，我们必须采取多种积极主动的预防措施。
预防高温措施的英文翻译
预防高温措施的英文翻译Preventive Measures for High TemperatureIntroductionHigh temperatures pose a significant risk to human health and safety, as well as the environment. In order to combat the detrimental effects of high temperatures, it is crucial to implement effective preventive measures. This document aims to provide an overview of preventive measures for high temperatures, highlighting their importance and outlining various strategies that can be adopted.Importance of Preventive Measures for High Temperature1. Health and Safety: High temperatures can lead toheat-related illnesses, such as heat stroke, heat exhaustion, and dehydration. Implementing preventive measures can help reduce the risk of these illnesses and protect the well-being of individuals.2. Environmental Impact: High temperatures can contribute to climate change and have adverse effects on ecosystems, including increased droughts, wildfires, and loss of biodiversity. Taking preventive measures can help mitigate these impacts and protect the environment.Preventive Measures for High Temperature1. Stay Hydrated: One of the most important preventive measures is to stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water and fluids. This helps maintain adequate body temperature and prevents dehydration.2. Dress Appropriately: Wearing lightweight, loose-fitting, and light-colored clothing can help regulate body temperature. It is also advisable to wear hats and use umbrellas to shield yourself from direct sunlight.3. Seek Shade: When outdoors, seek shade to avoid direct exposure to the sun. This can significantly reduce the risk ofheat-related illnesses.4. Limit Outdoor Activities: During periods of extreme heat, it is best to limit outdoor activities, particularly during the hottest hours of the day. If unavoidable, take frequent breaks and rest in cool, shaded areas.5. Cool Environments: Create or seek out cool environments, such as air-conditioned spaces or locations with fans. Ensure that these cooling mechanisms are well-maintained and functioning effectively.6. Use Sunscreen: Apply sunscreen with a high SPF to protect your skin from the harmful effects of UV radiation. Reapply as needed, especially after sweating or swimming.7. Check on Vulnerable Individuals: Keep a check on elderly individuals, young children, and those with pre-existing health conditions, as they are more susceptible to heat-related illnesses. Offer assistance and ensure they are in cool environments.8. Maintain Proper Ventilation: Proper ventilation is crucial in preventing the buildup of excessive heat indoors. Ensure homes, workplaces, and vehicles have adequate airflow to reduce the risk of overheating.9. Be Aware of Warning Signs: Educate yourself and others about the warning signs of heat-related illnesses, such as dizziness, nausea, headache, rapid pulse, and excessive sweating. Promptly seek medical attention if these signs appear.10. Stay Informed: Stay updated with weather forecasts and warnings. Pay attention to heat advisories and take necessary precautions accordingly. Follow guidelines and recommendations provided by local authorities.ConclusionPreventive measures for high temperatures are essential to safeguard human health and minimize environmental impacts. By implementing these measures, individuals can reduce the risk of heat-related illnesses and contribute to the overall well-being of society. It is important to raise awareness about the importanceof preventive measures and ensure their widespread adoption to effectively combat the challenges posed by high temperatures.。
obliviate的用法
obliviate的用法“Obliviate”常见用法如下：- 作动词时，意为“使遗忘；抹去记忆”，通常用于魔法或虚构情境中，使某人忘记特定的事情、经历或信息。
固定搭配：- cast Obliviate：施遗忘咒- Obliviate someone's memory：抹去某人的记忆- try to Obliviate：试图使遗忘双语例句：1. The wizard decided to cast Obliviate on the witness. It was like erasing a chapter from a person's life story. （巫师决定对证人施遗忘咒。
就像是从一个人的人生故事中擦掉一个章节。
）2. She was so scared that she begged him not to Obliviate her memory. “Please, don't take away my precious memories!” she cried. （她非常害怕，求他不要抹去她的记忆。
“求你了，别拿走我珍贵的回忆！”她哭着说。
）3. “Do you th ink it's right to Obliviate someone just because they saw something they shouldn't?” I asked my friend. “It's a tough call. But sometimes it might be necessary for the greater good.” he replied. （“你觉得仅仅因为某人看到了不该看的东西就抹去他的记忆是对的吗？”我问我的朋友。
“这很难说。
但有时为了更大的利益可能是必要的。
”他回答。
）4. The dark wizard used Obliviate to cover up his evil deeds. It was his way of hiding the truth in the shadows. （黑暗巫师用遗忘咒来掩盖他的恶行。
高考英语试卷题目模版
一、听力理解（共25小题，每小题1.5分，满分37.5分）1. Listen to the following dialogue and choose the best answer.A. The man is asking for directions.B. The woman is looking for a taxi.C. The man is helping the woman with her luggage.D. The woman is thanking the man for his help.2. Listen to the following passage and answer the questions.Question 1: What is the main topic of the passage?Question 2: According to the passage, why do some people prefer online shopping?Question 3: What are the advantages of shopping in physical stores?3. Listen to the following news report and fill in the blanks.The earthquake struck in the morning and caused severe damage to__________. Many buildings were __________ and thousands of people were __________. The government has __________ to help the affected areas.二、单项填空（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）1. It was __________ that the team captain decided to change the strategy in the middle of the game.A. unexpectedB. expectedC. surprisedD. surprising2. The book ___________ a lot of praise from both critics and readers.A. has been givenB. has givenC. has been given toD. has given to3. She is ___________ to the party, but she will send her apologies.A. looking forwardB. looking forwardsC. looking forward toD. looking forwarded三、完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
UNIT 12 RADIATION PROTECTION
This means that, as a general rule, radioactive species which emit only alpha particles do not present a hazard unless they actually enter the body, either by inhalation, ingestion, or absorption through the skin.
如果放射性同位素进入体内，人体连续受辐照，活性物质的量只能靠天 然放射性衰变或生物排泄来减少。
Radiation Protection
ALARA, “As Low As Reasonably Achievable”， is an important principle in exposure to radiation. The aim is to minimize the risk of radioactive exposure.
UNIT 12
RADIATION PROTECTION
A. Biological Effects of Radiation 辐射生物效应
B. Radiation Protection 辐射防护 C. Radiation Monitoring 辐射监测
New Words and Phrases
biological effect
ALARA原则（合理可行尽量低原则）是一个辐射照射的重要原则，目 标是将放射性辐照的风险降到最低。
4. Radiation exposures to the general public are controlled by strictly limiting the levels of radioactivity in the gaseous and liquid effluents from a nuclear power facility.
父母过度保护我们英语作文
父母过度保护我们英语作文"Overprotective Parents: A Hindrance to Growth"In today's society, overprotective parents have become a prevalent phenomenon, with many children experiencing stifling restrictions and limited opportunities for personal growth. While parental protection is essential for a child's safety and well-being, excessive control and sheltering can impede their development and independence. This essay explores the detrimental effects of overprotective parenting and suggests ways to foster a healthier parent-child relationship.To begin with, overprotective parents often hindertheir children's ability to develop resilience and problem-solving skills. Shielded from challenges and failures, these children may struggle to cope with adversity later in life. Instead of facing obstacles head-on, they may retreat or become overly dependent on their parents for solutions. As a result, they miss out on valuable learning experiencesthat are crucial for building resilience and character.Furthermore, overprotective parenting can stifle achild's creativity and curiosity. Constant supervision and micromanagement leave little room for exploration and self-discovery. Children need the freedom to pursue their interests, make mistakes, and learn from their experiences. When parents impose strict rules and limitations, they inadvertently suppress their child's natural curiosity and desire to learn about the world around them.Moreover, overprotective parents often impose unrealistic expectations and standards on their children, leading to feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem. Constant scrutiny and pressure to excel in academics, sports, or other activities can take a toll on a child's mental and emotional well-being. Instead of fostering a supportive environment where children feel valued for who they are, overprotective parents may inadvertently contribute to their children's anxiety and self-doubt.Additionally, overprotective parenting can strain theparent-child relationship, leading to resentment and rebellion. When children feel suffocated by their parents' overbearing control, they may rebel or withdraw in an attempt to assert their independence. This can create tension and conflict within the family dynamic, further eroding trust and communication between parents and children.To address these issues, parents must strike a balance between protection and autonomy, allowing their children the freedom to explore and grow while providing guidance and support along the way. Instead of shielding their children from every potential risk or failure, parents should encourage them to take calculated risks and learn from their mistakes. By fostering independence and self-reliance, parents can empower their children to navigate life's challenges with confidence and resilience.Moreover, parents should strive to cultivate open and honest communication with their children, creating a safe space for them to express their thoughts, feelings, and concerns. By actively listening to their children andvalidating their emotions, parents can build trust and strengthen their bond with them. Additionally, parents should be mindful of their own fears and anxieties, recognizing that overprotective tendencies may stem from a desire to shield their children from harm.In conclusion, while parental protection is essentialfor ensuring the safety and well-being of children, overprotective parenting can have detrimental effects on their development and independence. By striking a balance between protection and autonomy, fostering open communication, and encouraging resilience and self-reliance, parents can empower their children to thrive in an increasingly complex world. Ultimately, a healthy parent-child relationship is built on trust, mutual respect, and support, laying the foundation for a lifetime of growth and success.。
保护的英语短语
保护的英语短语保护，指尽力照顾，使自身(或他人、或其他事物)的权益不受损害。
下面就由店铺为大家带来关于保护的英语短语集锦，希望大家能有所收获。
关于保护的相关短语保护板 fender; protective plate; fender apron; armour plate;保护半径 radius of protection;保护比 protection ratio;保护(涂)层 coating;保护层 antiabrasion layer; resist shadow; protective covering; resist; sealer; protective layer; stopoff;保护措施protection; protective measures; cocooning; safeguarding (protective);保护单元 protected location;保护道岔 trap points;保护灯 guard lamp;保护地 protectorate; dependent territory; sheltered ground;保护地带 safety belt;保护(式)电弧焊 shielded arc welding;保护电极 guard electrode;保护电路 guard circuit; protective circuit; protection circuit;保护电阻 protective resistance;保护电阻器 protective resistor; fuse-resistor;保护断路器 protective circuit breaker;保护扼流圈 protective reactor;保护二极管 protected diode;保护反应 protective reaction;保护方式 protected-type; protection mode;保护符 protection character;保护隔膜 blow-out disc;保护关税 protective tariff;保护国 protectorate;保护环 guard ring; annular guard ring;保护禾草 nurse grass;关于保护的相关短句protect the environment against pollution;保护环境，防止污染safeguard the people's interests;保护人民的利益preserve eyesight;保护视力keep intact the scene of a crime [accident]; preserve the scene (of a crime or accident) undisturbed保护现场关于保护的词语辨析shelter, guard, harbour, safeguard, defend, shield, protect这组词都有“保护、保卫”的意思，其区别是：shelter 通常指寻找安全地方躲避风雨或使人免遭危害。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Brief Papers _______________________________________________________________________________The Effects of a Ground Shield on the Characteristicsand Performance of Spiral InductorsSeong-Mo Yim,Tong Chen,and Kenneth K.OAbstract—The frequency dependence of the model parameters of patterned ground shield (PGS)inductors in large part is ex-plained as a consequence of modeling a distributed system with a lumped model.The effects of PGS shape and material on inductor characteristics have been examined and explained.There is an op-timum area for a PGS tomaximizeis improvedbyand,which is mainly limited by the loss due to inductor metal resistance,substrate resistance,and that associated withinduced eddy current below the inductor metal trace [4].Focusing on the effects of ,when is increased.Whenis decreased to zero,power dissipationinis increased [5].The use of a patterned ground shield (PGS)between inductor metal trace and substrate in-creases .The pat-terned sections of a shield are tied together using a metal con-nection.It is important to make sure that a loop is not formed in this metal connection.In this paper,the effects of ground shield shape and mate-rial which can be formed in a silicon bipolar process are re-ported.The extracted inductance model parameter,shown in Manuscript received January 12,2001;revised October 5,2001.This workwas supported by a grant from Conexant Systems.The authors are with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Silicon Microwave Integrated Circuits and Systems Research Group,University of Florida,Gainesville,FL 32611USA (e-mail:smyim@).Publisher Item Identifier S 0018-9200(02)00668-6.Fig.1(d),exhibits a stronger frequency dependence for PGS in-ductors.This frequency dependenceofm.The metal thickness is 3.0-cm substrate by m.The outer dimension of theinductor is 250250buriedlayer has been placed,and its impact has been investigated.The model parameters of the inductors extracted from mea-surements are listed in Table I.III.C HARACTERISTICS OF I NDUCTORS Fig.1(a)also shows the control inductor (N9)without a PGS,N10and N12inductors with a four-piece poly-PGS and an eight-piece poly-PGS which has larger gaps or a reduced PGS area.Fig.1(c)–(g)shows25of N10and N12are 11and7.Another prominent difference between the control and PGSinductors is that inductance of the PGS inductors decreasesfaster with frequency.Over 4GHz,the17Fig.1.(a)Inductors with a different ground shield area.(b)Commonly used equivalent circuit model for an inductor.(c)Q .(d)L .(e)R .(g)RTABLE IM EASURED P ARAMETERS OF S PIRAL INDUCTORSFig.2.(a)Distributed line model.(b)Re-extracted L .(c)Re-extracted R and L are 4.2 and 5.1nH.examining the impact of modeling a distributed system using a lumped model,this approximation should be acceptable.Treating this distributed model as a lumpedsystem,andandshould be chosen that the percentage(%)error (1)should besmall.(1)In thisexpression,is the frequency inradian.is expressed in (2),shownat the bottom of the nextpage.in (1)are of 10and50increasesasis decreased andasfor the PGS in-ductors.There-extractedFig.3.(a)Inductors formed with a metal-1,metal-2,or metal-3while using the same polysilicon PGS.(b)L.(c)RFig.5.(a)Inductors with a different ground shield area.(b)Q.(c)L.(d)R.(f)RFig.6.(a)Inductor isolation test structure.(b)Lumped equivalent circuit model for the isolation test structure.(c)Measured j S j for the isolation structures using N9,N12,N17,and simulated j S j for the structure using N12at R=500 with KSSSSSVII.I SOLATION B ETWEEN A DJACENT I NDUCTORSIt has been suggested that having a PGS can improve iso-lation between adjacent inductors bybetween these two pads are measured.The in-ductors are separated bym.The structure like this can be found in a differential LC -tuned voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO).Fig.6(c)showsandand its impact are usually small.The model valueswere3.6300fF,,whichare comparable to those of the control inductor.The coupling co-efficient,20dB ormore at 1.8GHz,when the magnetic coupling is included.Fig.6(c)also shows the dependenceof(100,or50050is much greater than100(100increases with frequency.The factthat this riseofis larger than100is more complicated for PGS inductorsbecause of the presence of an oxide layer between the PGS andsubstrate.At the same time,theeffect should be smaller,sinceis much smaller and the oxide layer increases the impedance and reduces the substrate coupling.If the effects of couplingthroughand0,char-acteristic impedance.When the frequency goes to 0and when it becomes high,the expression is reduced toAsAshighandincreasesasand lowerfrequency dependencyofof PGSinductors is strongly influenced by its distributed nature,and this should be factored in during the design process in order toincrease.Because the connections for ground currentextraction can carry significant current,the magnetic energy storage and inductance associated with the ground connection cannot be neglected in designing inductors with a PGS.In the bipolar process utilized for this study,using a PGS formed with an nby with small changes in thecharacteristicsof.Isolation between two adjacent inductors separated bym is limited by magnetic coupling and in this limit,having a PGS does not significantly improveisolation.A CKNOWLEDGMENTThe authors are grateful to Dr.J.Zheng,P.N.Sherman,and P.Kempf of Conexant Systems for their help.R EFERENCES[1]Y.-C.Ho,K.-H.Kim,B.A.Floyd,C.Wann,Y.Taur,gnado,andK.K.O,“4-and13-GHz tuned amplifiers implemented in a0.1- m CMOS technology on SOI,SOS,and bulk substrates,”IEEE J.Solid-State Circuits,vol.33,pp.2066–2073,Dec.1998.[2] C.-M.Hung and K.K.O,“A1.24-GHz monolithic CMOS VCO withphase noise of0137dBc/Hz at a3-MHz offset,”IEEE Microwave and Guided Wave Lett.,vol.9,pp.111–113,Mar.1999.[3] A.Hajimiri and T.H.Lee,“Design issues in CMOS differential LC os-cillators,”IEEE J.Solid-State Circuits,vol.34,pp.717–724,May1999.[4] B.Razavi,“Challenges in the design of frequency synthesizers for wire-less applications,”in Proc.CICC,May1997,pp.395–402.[5]S.-M.Yim,T.Chen,and K.K.O,“The effects of a ground shield onspiral inductors fabricated in a silicon bipolar technology,”in Proc.Bipolar/BiCMOS Circuits and Technology Meeting(BCTM),Sept.2000,pp.157–160.[6] C.P.Yue and S.S.Wong,“On-chip spiral inductors with patternedground shields for SI-based RF ICs,”IEEE J.Solid-State Circuits,vol.33,pp.734–752,May1998.[7]T.Chen,K.Kim,and K.K.O,“Application of a new circuit designoriented Q extraction technique to inductors in silicon IC’s,”in IEDM Tech.Dig.,1998,pp.527–530.[8]K.K.O,“Estimation methods for quality factors of inductors fabricatedin silicon integrated circuit process technologies,”IEEE J.Solid-State Circuits,vol.33,pp.1249–1252,Aug.1998.[9]J.R.Long and M.A.Copeland,“The modeling,characterization,anddesign of monolithic inductors for silicon RF IC’s,”IEEE J.Solid-State Circuits,vol.32,pp.357–369,Mar.1997.[10]Y.Eo and W.R.Eisenstadt,“High-Speed VLSI interconnect modelingbased on S-parameter measurements,”IEEE p.,Hybrids, Manufact.Technol.,vol.16,pp.555–562,Aug.1993.[11]R.Groves,D.L.Harame,and D.Jadus,“Temperature dependence ofQ and inductance in spiral inductors fabricated in a silicon-germa-nium/BiCMOS technology,”IEEE J.Solid-State Circuits,vol.32,pp.1455–1459,Sept.1997.[12]H.M.Greenhouse,“Design of planar rectangular microelectronic induc-tors,”IEEE Trans.Parts,Hybrids,Packag.,vol.PHP-10,pp.101–109, June1974.。