新世纪综合英语第二版unit5fourteensteps教案

新世纪综合英语第二版unit5fourteensteps教案
Unit 5 Fourteen Steps
Section One Pre-reading Activities ..............................................................错误!未定义书签。

I. Audiovisual supplement ............................... 错误!未定义书签。

II. Cultural information ................................ 错误!未定义书签。

Section Two Global Reading .................................. 错误!未定义书签。

I. Main idea ............................................ 错误!未定义书签。

II. Structural analysis ................................. 错误!未定义书签。

Section Three Detailed Reading .............................. 错误!未定义书签。

Text I .................................................. 错误!未定义书签。

Section Four Consolidation Activities ........................ 错误!未定义书签。

I . Vocabulary Analysis ................................. 错误!未定义书签。

II Grammar Exercises .................................... 错误!未定义书签。

III. Translation exercises .............................. 错误!未定义书签。

IV Exercises for integrated skills ....................... 错误!未定义书签。

V Oral activities ....................................... 错误!未定义书签。

VI Writing Practice ..................................... 错误!未定义书签。

VII Listening Exercises ................................. 错误!未定义书签。

Section Five Further Enhancement ............................ 错误!未定义书签。

I. Text II .............................................. 错误!未定义书签。

II. Memorable Quotes .................................... 错误!未定义书签。

Unit 5 Fourteen Steps
Section One Pre-reading Activities
I. Audiovisual supplement
Watch a video and answer the following questions.
1. What did the mother mean at the end of the video
2. What do you know about the movie Forrest Gump
（插入视频）
Answers to the Questions:
1. She was trying to tell her boy that everybody should be treated equally, even for those who had some physical or intelligence problems.
2. Forrest Gump is a 1994 film based on Winston Groom’s 1986 novel of the same name. The film, directed by Robert Zemeckis, stars Tom Hanks, Robin Wright Penn, and Gary Sinise. The story is of Forrest Gump, an ordinary man who comes from Alabama and his journey through life meeting historical figures, influencing popular culture, and experiencing firsthand historic events of the late 20th century.
Script:
Doctor: Let’s take a little walk around. How do those feel His legs are strong, Mrs. Gump, as strong as I’ve ever seen. But his back’s as crooked as
a politician. But we’re going to straighten him right up, aren’t we,
Forrest
Mother: Forrest!
Voiceover:Now, when I was a baby, Mama named me after the great Civil War hero General Nathan Bedford Forrest. She said we was related to him in some way. What
he did was, he started up this club called the Ku Klux Klan. They’d all
dress up in their robes and their bedsheets and act like a bunch of ghosts
or spooks or something. They’d even put bedsheets on their horses and
ride around. Anyway, that’s how I got my name —Forrest Gump. Mama said
the Forrest part was to remind me that sometimes we all do things that,
well, that just don’t make no sense.
Mother: All right. What are y’all staring at Haven’t you ever seen a little boy with braces on his legs before Don’t ever let anybody tell you they’re
better than you, Forrest. If God intended everybody to be the same, he’d
have given us all braces on our legs.
Voiceover: Mama always had a way of explaining things so I could understand them.
II. Cultural information
1. Quote
I am quite often asked: How do you feel about having ALS The answer is, not a lot.
I try to lead as normal a life as possible, and not think about my condition, or regret the things it prevents me from doing, which are not that many.
— Stephen Hawking
（适当位置插入图片Stephen Hawking）
Section Two Global Reading
I. Main idea
It is hard to imagine that a blind old man should be willing and able to fix a car for someone else on a dark stormy night. This happened to the author, a crippled man who was afflicted by a progressive disease and who took others’help for granted. Up to that day, the author had lived in disillusionment, self-pity, indifference and selfishness, as he was becoming increasingly feeble. He struggled to climb the fourteen steps every day only to hold on to his sanity, his wife, his home and his job. After he
met the blind old man, it suddenly dawned on him that even a handicapped person was capable of performing an act of love for his fellow beings, and that was where the value of life lies.
II. Structural analysis
1.How many parts can the text be divided into and what’s the topic of each part
According to the development of the story, the text could be divided into four parts, each of which focuses on one topic. Respectively, these topics are about the author’s first life, his second life, his third life and his reflection on the auto-repair incident.
Section Three Detailed Reading
Text I
Fourteen Steps
Hal Manwaring
1 They say a cat has nine lives,1 and I am inclined to think that possible
since I am now living my third life and I’m not even a cat. My first life began on a clear, cold day in November 1934, when I arrived as the sixth of eight children of a farming family. My father died when I was 15, and we had a hard struggle to make a living. As the children grew up, they married, leaving only one sister and myself to support and care for Mother, who became paralyzed in her last years and died while still in her 60s. My sister married soon after, and I followed her example within the year.
2 This was when I began to enjoy my first life. I was very happy, in excellent
health, and quite a good athlete. My wife and I became the parents of two lovely girls. I had a good job in San Jose and a
beautiful home up the peninsula in San Carlos. Life was a pleasant dream. Then the dream ended. I became afflicted with a slowly progressive disease of the motor nerves, affecting first my right arm and leg, and then my other side. Thus began my second life …
3 In spite of my disease I still drove to and from work each day, with the
aid of special equipment installed in my car. And I managed to keep my health and optimism, to a degree, because of 14 steps.
4 Crazy Not at all. Our home was a split-level affair with 14 steps leading
up from the garage to the kitchen door. Those steps were a gauge of life. They were my yardstick, my challenge to continue living. I felt that if the day arrived when I was unable to lift one foot up one step and then drag the other painfully after it —repeating the process 14 times until, utterly spent, I would be through — I could then admit defeat and lie down and So I kept on working, kept on climbing those steps. And time passed. The girls went to college and were happily married, and my wife and
I were alone in our beautiful home with the 14 steps.
5 You might think that here walked a man of courage and strength. Not so. Here
hobbled a bitterly disillusioned cripple, a man who held on to his sanity and his wife and his home and his job because of 14 miserable steps leading up to the back door from his As I became older, I became more disillusioned and frustrated.
6 Then on a dark night in August, 1971, I began my third life. It was raining
when I started home that night; gusty winds and slashing rain beat down on the car as I drove slowly down one of the less-
traveled Suddenly the steering wheel jerked in my hands and the car swerved violently to the right. In the same instant
I heard the dreaded bang of a blowout. I fought the car to stop on the rain-slick
shoulder of the road and sat there as the enormity of the situation swept over It was impossible for me to change that tire! Utterly impossible! A thought that a passing motorist might stop was dismissed at once. Why should anyone
I knew I wouldn’t! Then I remembered that a short distance up a little side
road was a house. I started the engine and thumped slowly along, keeping well over on the shoulder until I came to the dirt road, where I turned in —thankfully. Lighted windows welcomed me to the house and I pulled into the driveway and honked the horn.
7 The door opened and a little girl stood there, peering at me. I rolled down
the window and called out that I had a flat tire and needed someone to change it for me because I had a crutch and couldn’t do it myself. She went into the house and a moment later came out bundled in raincoat and hat, followed by a man who called a cheerful greeting. I sat there comfortable and dry, and felt
a bit sorry for the man and the little girl working so hard in the storm. Well,
I would pay them for it. The rain seemed to be slackening a bit now, and I rolled
down the window all the way to watch. It seemed to me that they were awfully slow and I was beginning to become impatient.
I heard the clank of metal from the back of the car and the little
girl’s voice came clearly to me. “Here’s the jack-handle, Grandpa.”She was answered by the murmur of the man’s lower voice and the slow tilting of the car as it was jacked There followed a long interval of noises, jolts and low conversation from the back of the car, but finally it was done. I felt the car bump as the jack was removed, and I heard the slam of the truck lid, and then they were standing at my car window.
8 He was an old man, stooped and frail-looking under his slicker. The little
girl was about eight or ten, I judged, with a merry face and a wide smile as she looked up at me. He said, “This is a bad night for car trouble, but you’re all set now.”“Thanks,”I said. “How much do I owe you”He shook his head.
“Nothing. Cynthia told me you were a cripple —on crutches. Glad to be of help.
I know you’d do the same for me. There’s no charge, friend.” I held out a
five-dollar bill. “No! I like to pay my way.” He made no effort to take it and the little girl stepped closer to the window and said quietly, “Grandpa can’t see it.”
9 In the next few frozen seconds the shame and horror of that moment penetrated
and I was sick with an intensity I had never felt before.7 A blind man and a child! Fumbling, feeling with cold, wet fingers for bolts and tools in the dark
—a darkness that for him would probably never end until death. I don’t remember how long I sat th ere after they said good night and left me, but it was long enough for me to search deep within myself and find some disturbing traits.
I realized that I was filled to overflowing with self-pity,
selfishness,
indifference to the needs of others and I sat there and said a prayer.
10“Therefore all things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them: for this is the law and the prophets.”9 To me now, months later, this Scriptural admonition is more than just a passage in the Bible.
It i s a way of life, one that I am trying to follow. It isn’t always easy.
Sometimes it is frustrating, sometimes expensive in both time and money, but the value is there. I am trying now not only to climb 14 steps each day, but in my small way to help others. Someday, perhaps, I will change a tire for a blind man in a car —someone as blind as I had been.
Paragraphs 1-2
Questions:
1. What can we infer about the author’s childhood (Paragraph 1)
We can infer that he lived an unhappy and hard life in his childhood because of the early death of his father and the poor health of his mother.
2. How did his second life begin (Paragraph 2)
His second life began when he was afflicted with a slowly progressive disease of the motor nerves, affecting first his right arm and leg, and then his other side.
Words and Expressions
1. be inclined to be likely or tend to do sth.
. In the first instance I was inclined to refuse, but then I reconsidered.
起初我想拒绝，但后来还是重新考虑了。

He was inclined to give them a free hand.
他倾向于放手让他们干。

Synonym:
tend to, be likely to
2. follow one’s example imitate
. Brian persuaded his brother to follow his example and join the army.
I suggest you follow Ted’s example and take some regular exercise. Synonym:
follow one’s lead
3. afflict vt. cause severe suffering or pain
. He was afflicted with cancer.
他患了癌症。

She was afflicted with conscience.
她受良心责备。

Collocation:
be afflicted with
Derivation:
afflictive a.
affliction n.
Translation:
1. 我对那些受苦受难的人们充满同情。

I have great sympathy for people in affliction.
2. 这种病女人比男人更容易患上。

It is an illness which afflicts women more than men.
4. progressive a. developing gradually
. The build-up of pollutants in the atmosphere has led to a progressive weakening of the ozone layer.
Since the 1950s there has been a progressive fall in the numbers of adults who cannot read and write.
Synonym:
gradual, little by little
Sentences
1. a cat has nine lives (Paragraph 1)
Explanation: It is a proverb. Cats are very tough and seem able to survive accidents or hardships.
Paragraphs 3-5
Questions:
1. What does the author mean by “I managed to keep my health and optimism, to a
degree, because of 14 steps” (Paragraph 3)
In a way, the daily exercise of climbing helped to keep his physical capability (health), which in turn made him optimistic that he could continue living. 2. Why does the author call these steps “14 miserable steps” (Paragraph 5) Because the fact that everything in his life (his home, his job, his wife and his sanity) seemed to totally depend on these 14 steps made him miserable.
Words and Expressions
5. with the aid of with the help of
. The bacteria can only be seen with the aid of a high-power microscope.
The child was saved and brought back to life with the aid of an international rescue team.
这个孩子在国际救援队的帮助下得救了。

6. install vt. set up
.To minimize the risk of burglary, install a good alarm system.
安装可靠的报警设备，以降低被盗的风险。

The workers are installing a heating system.
工人们正在安装供暖系统。

Derivation:
installation n.
7. to a / some degree partly
. The film was boring to a degree.
这部影片相当枯燥。

A country’s future prosperity depends, to a degree, upon the quality of education
of its people.
Synonym:
in a sense, in some way
8. hobble vi. walk in an awkward way because your feet are injured
. The old man hobbled along (the road) with the aid of his stick.
那老汉拄着拐杖一瘸一拐地走着。

Synonym:
limp
9. disillusioned a. disappointed
. Disillusioned by his team’s poor performance, the manager resigned.
10. hold on to keep one’s grip on; not let go of
. H e tried hard to be in his superior’s good graces in order to hold on to his job.
他想方设法讨上司的欢心，以保住自己的饭碗。

I’d hold on to that house for the time being; house prices are rising sharply at the moment.
目前我不能出让那所房子，此刻房价正在急剧上涨。

11. lead up to come before and result in
. The events that led up to the murder were shown in a series of flashbacks.
The report describes the negotiations that led up to the
settlement.
Activity: Choose a word or phrase and change its form if necessary to fill in each blank in the following sentences.
1. ____ your umbrella so that it won’t be blown away. (Hold on to)
2. She was anxious to enlighten me about the events that _____ the dispute. (led up to)
3. All the other teachers are thoroughly _____with their colleagues. (disillusioned)
4. Some of the runners could only manage to ____ over the finishing line. (hobble)
5. _____ the searching dog, the rescue team has rescued many people’s lives in the earthquake. (With the aid of)
Sentences
2. I felt that if the day arrived when I was unable to lift one foot up one step and then drag the other painfully after it —repeating the process 14 times until,
utterly spent, I would be though —I could then admit defeat and lie down and die. (Paragraph 4)
Translation: 我感到如果哪天我不能先抬起一只脚，另一只脚再痛苦地跟上，并把这一动作重复14次，直到疲惫不堪，那我就完了。

这一天到来之时，就是我承认失败、倒下、死亡之时。

3. Here hobbled a bitterly disillusioned cripple, a man who held on to his sanity and his wife and his home and his job because of 14 miserable steps leading up to the back door from his garage. (Paragraph 5)
Paraphrase: Painfully and bitterly, a disabled man hobbled around here. Owing to the 14 miserable steps leading up to the back door from his garage, the man could keep up to his sanity
and his wife and his home and his job.
Translation: 这是一个梦想破灭、痛苦失望的残疾人，他蹒跚着，正是因为有了这条从车库通向后门的可怕的14级台阶，他才能保持理智、陪伴妻子、维护家庭、坚持工作。

Paragraph 6
Questions:
Why did the author dismiss the thought at once that any passing motorist would offer help at the moment (Paragraph 6) Because he knew that he would not stop if he were a passing driver in that situation.
Words and Expressions
12. swerve vi.turn sharply and suddenly
. The car swerved to the right.
I will never swerve from my declared policy on this matter.
我决不背离我已经宣布的在这个问题上的政策。

Synonym:
turn, change
13. sweep vi. to move, especially quickly and powerfully
. Her eyes swept the room.
她的眼睛扫视了一下房间。

A wave of panic swept over her.
一阵惊恐袭上她的心头。

Comparison:
clean the most common word, clean a dirty place or dirty object
clear to remove or get rid of whatever is blocking or filling something, or to stop
being blocked or full
sweep give a cleaning with a broom, sometimes used figuratively
mop to wash or wipe with or as if with a mop
wipe to slide something, especially a piece of cloth, over the surface of something else,
in order to remove dirt, food or liquid
scrub to rub something hard in order to clean it, especially using a stiff brush, soap
and water
Exercise: Choose a word from the list and use its appropriate form to fill in the
1.
2.The mayor is determined to____ up the city. (clean)
3.It took several hours to ___ the road after the accident. (clear)
4.I have to____ the kitchen floor at least once a day. (mop)
5.Although she ____ the old pot thoroughly, she could not make it look completely
clean. (scrubbed)
14. dismiss vt.
1) refuse to accept that sth. might be true or important
. The government has dismissed criticisms that the country’s health policy is
a mess.
2) formally ask or order someone to leave; fire
. At first she threatened to dismiss us all, but later she relented.
起初她威胁要解雇我们所有的人，但是后来她态度软化了。

Derivation:
dismissible a.
Sentences
4. … gusty winds and slashing rain beat down on the car as I drove slowly down one of the less-traveled roads. (Paragraph 6) Paraphrase: Strong winds and heavy rain slammed the car when I drove slowly along the less-traveled roads.
Translation: 狂风阵阵，倾盆大雨敲打着车身，我缓缓地驾车沿着一条车辆罕至的公路行驶。

5. … the enormity o f the situation swept over me. (Paragraph
6)
Paraphrase: … the seriousness of the situation gripped me.
Translation: ……坐在车内，我深感形势危急。

Paragraph 7
Questions:
1.Was there any hint that indicates something unusual about the man (Paragraph
7)
There were some indications: first, they were working awfully slow; second, the little girl obviously handed to the man something (the jack-handle) the man was unable to find.
2. How did the author feel when the man and the little girl were working in the storm
(Paragraph 7)
The author first felt sorry that he sat in the car dry and comfortable, while they were working in the heavy rain. But his uneasiness was soon relieved by the thought that he would pay them.
Words and Expressions
15. peer at look very carefully or hard at
. Walter peered anxiously at his father’s face.
Collocation:
peer through
peer into
. She peers through the mist, trying to find the right path.
The driver was peering into the distance trying to read the road sign.
16. slacken vt. become slower or less active
. The train slackened speed as it approached the station.
火车快到站时减慢了速度。

We slackened our pace as we reached the village.
17. jack up lift with a jack (a device for lifting heavy objects)
. Why don’t you jack it up and we’ll have a look at the suspension Fred jacked up the car and started to unscrew the wheel nuts.
18. interval n. a period of time between activities
. He comes back to see us at regular intervals.
他每隔一段时间就回来看我们。

There is an hour’s interval to the next train.
下一火班车还要过一小时才开。

Collocation:
at intervals不时，时时；每隔一段时间（距离）
at intervals of相隔，每隔
Activity: Fill in each of the following blanks with a word or expression in its proper form.
1. In the budget the chancellor is bound to____ the price of cigarettes. (jack
up)
2. _____ in heavy clothes, the pedestrians walked hurriedly against the piercing
cold wind. (Bundled up)
3. When no one answered the door, she ____through the
window to see if anyone
was there. (peered)
4. We see each other _____ —usually about once a month. (at regular intervals)
5. There’s often a long ___ between an author completing a book and it appearing
in the shops. (interval)
Sentences
6. She was answered by the murmur of the man’s lower voice and the slow tilting of the car as it was jacked up. (Paragraph 7)
Translation: 老人用低沉的声音回应了她。

随着千斤顶把汽车托起，车身缓慢地倾斜。

Paragraph 8
Questions:
1. Why did the old man refuse to accept the author’s payment
Because the old man took it for granted that offering free help to disabled people is what everyone should do, especially when they are in trouble. He believed that the author would have done the same for others.
2. When did the author realize that the old man was blind
The author did not realize it until the little girl explained to him “Grandpa can’t see it.”
Words and Expressions
19. frail a. weak and poor in health
. A frail old woman with a walking stick came slowly down to the gate to meet us.
His frail arm could barely hold his plate.
20. charge n. the price that you have to pay for a service or
for sth. you buy . No charge is made for repairs.
They are happy to give their services free of charge.
Derivation:
chargeable a.
Activity: Translate the following sentences into English:
1. 她身体虚弱已有好几个月了。

Her health has been frail for months.
2. 只要你预先付款，我们就不收你送货费。

As long as you’ve paid in advance, we won’t make any charge to you for delivery.
Paragraphs 9-10
Questions:
1. How did the author react to the girl’s words (Paragraph 9)
On hearing the little girl’s words, the author was stunned for a few seconds, full of shame and horror, because as a handicapped man, he had taken others’help for granted and had never expected that a blind man would work on the dark stormy
night for him out of pure warm-heartedness for a fellow human being. This contrasts his own selfishness and indifference to the needs of others before the incident.
2. How did the author re-evaluate the 14 steps (Paragraph 10)
The author came to be aware that some people who had the same or worse adversity were always ready to offer help. For him the 14 steps were not the whole thing in his life. There are other people he should give help to when he was struggling against his own adversity.
Words and Expressions
21. penetrate vt. enter, pass (into or through)
. Amazingly, the bullet did not penetrate his brain.
In most jellyfish, these stinging cells are so small that they can’t penetrate human skin.
Derivation:
penetration n. a movement into or through something or someone; insight
. He writes with penetration.
他写的文章尖锐深刻。

What is your idea toward globalization and cultural penetration
你对全球化和文化渗透有什么想法
22. fumble vi. move the fingers in an attempt to do sth. awkwardly
. She fumbled about in her handbag for a pen.
她在手提袋中搜寻钢笔。

They fumbled around / about (= moved awkwardly) in the dark, trying to find their way out of the cinema.
23. overflow vi./vt. be so full that the contents go over the sides; be very full . The river overflowed its banks.
河水漫过了两岸。

The crowd overflowed the auditorium.
礼堂里挤满了人。

Synonym:
flood, fill
24. indifference n. lack of interest, love, etc.
. Her apparent indifference made him even more nervous.
她表面上若无其事反而使他更加紧张。

His indifference was a fuel to her hatred.
他无动于衷使她的怨恨火上加油。

Derivation:
indifferent a.
25. thoughtlessness n. the attitude of forgetting about the needs of other people . I’m sorry to make you so painful. Please forgive my thoughtlessness.
Note:
thoughtless a.
. It was thoughtless not to phone and say you’d be late.
She’s not intentionally unkin d —she’s just a little thoughtless sometimes.
Sentences
7. In the next few frozen seconds the shame and horror of that moment penetrated and I was sick with an intensity I had never felt before. (Paragraph 9) Paraphrase: I had never been so overwhelmed by shame and horror as I was in the next few seemingly never-ending seconds.
Translation: 接下来的几秒钟里，时间仿佛凝固了，那一刻羞愧与恐惧感将我穿透，那强烈的痛苦我从未感受过。

8. I realized that I was filled to overflowing with self-pity, selfishness, indifference to the needs of others and thoughtlessness. (Paragraph 9) Translation: 我意识到自己内心充满了自怜、自私和对别人需要的漠然与忽视。

9. “Therefore all things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them: for this is the law and the prophets.”(Paragraph 10) Paraphrase: Therefore, do to other people whatever you would like them to do to you: because this is the regulation and principle.
Translation: 因此，无论你希望别人为你做什么，你都应先为别人做。

因为这就是规则和先知。

Section Four Consolidation Activities
I . Vocabulary Analysis
1. Phrase practice
1. with the aid of with the help of 在……的帮助下
. With the aid of my friends, I finished my task on time. 在朋友的帮助下，我按
时完成了任务。

2. peer at look very carefully and hard at 凝视
. She peers at him closely, as if not believing it really is him. 她仔细地瞧着他，似乎不相信真会是他。

3. be all set be ready 准备就绪，安排妥当
. We were all set to leave when it started to rain. 我们正准备离开，这时候却开始下雨了。

He is all set for an early morning start. 他已做好清晨出发的一切准备。

4. indifference to not caring about 对……漠不关心
. His indifference to future needs is unfortunate. 他对未来的需要漠不关心，这真令人遗憾。

It shows an unattractive indifference to your employer and to your job. 它表明你对雇主和你的工作态度冷漠，不感兴趣。

2. Word derivation
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.
1. You always follow your own inclination (incline) instead of thinking of our feeling.
2. The men stood in front of the bar, indifferent (indifference) to the argument that was going on across the road.
3. The company has had a successful first year at home but penetration (penetrate) of the international market has been slow.
4. We hadn’t se en her for many years and were very shocked by her frailty (frail).
5. He does not consider his deafness an affliction (afflict).
6. We were all very impressed by the excellence (excellent) of the design.
7. Her fever is getting progressively (progress) worse. I think we should call a doctor.
8. The honeymoon period was soon followed by the usual disillusionment (disillusion) with day-to-day reality.
1.incline v. 使有……倾向，易于；爱好
inclination n. 倾向，意愿
inclined a. 有……倾向的；倾斜的
.我在夏天易于疲劳。

I’m inclined to tiredness i n summer.
我可不愿意一晚上都听你说话。

I have little inclination to listen to you all evening.
2.indifference n. 不重视，无兴趣，漠不关心
indifferent a. 漠不关心的，冷淡的
indifferently ad. 不在乎地，冷淡地，淡然地
. 他对她的伤心无动于衷。

He is indifferent to her sadness.
3.penetrate v. 穿透，渗透；看穿
penetrating a. 敏锐的，尖锐的；穿透的，透彻的
penetration n. 渗透，侵入，突破
.幸运的是，子弹没有穿过他的大脑。

Luckily, the bullet did not penetrate his brain.
这种特殊材料具有良好的渗透性。

This special material has a good penetration.
4.frail a. 脆弱的，虚弱的
frailty n. 脆弱，意志薄弱；弱点
. 人性的弱点之一是懒惰。

One of the frailties of human nature is laziness.
5.afflict v. 使苦恼，折磨
affliction n.痛苦，苦恼，苦难
.她得了痛风病。

She was afflicted with gout.
6.excellent a. 极好的，杰出的
excellence n. 优秀，卓越，优点
excellently ad.优秀地，超群地
. 这个男孩下定决心要成为一名优秀教师。

The boy made up his mind to become an excellent teacher.
这家商号是优质的保证。

The firm is a byword for excellence.
7.progress n. 进步，发展，前进
progression n. 前进
progressive a. 前进的，渐进的
.老师说这个学生学习进步很快。

The teacher says that this student is showing rapid progress in his studies.
她是那个时代最进步的作家。

She is the most progressive writer of those times.
8.disillusion n. 觉醒，幻灭
disillusionment n. 幻灭感
disillusioned a. 大失所望的，幻想破灭的
. 她仍然相信有圣诞老人，要是让她这一幻想破灭有些残忍。

She still believes in Santa Claus and it would be cruel to disillusion her.
3 Synonym / Antonym
Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.
1. And I managed to keep my health and optimism, to a degree, because of 14 steps. Antonym: pessimism。