2021高考英语一轮复习练习54语法填空+阅读理解+书面表达含解析新人教版

2021-4-29 20XX年复习资料
教学复习资料
班级：科目：
练习54 语法填空＋阅读理解＋书面表达
Ⅰ.语法填空
2020·安徽六校测试204词★★★★☆
Recent heavy rains in Texas and the deadly heat wave in India are __1__ (sign) that climate change is most likely to contribute __2__ extreme weather events. “There are so many additional greenhouse gases in the atmosphere today __3__ our climate we know for sure __4__ (affect) by them，” says Jim White, director of CU­Boulder's Institute of Arctic and AlpineResearch. “The heat wave in India is quite consistent with __5__ we expect to see in the future.”
According to Swiss researchers, extreme weather events worldwide are increasing with regularity, __6__ (indicate) that they are becoming part of the Earth's overall climate pattern. White says, it's one thing to know that these extreme weather events __7__ (happen) in the future, but to know the exact time and place is something that seems quite __8__ (possible)．
“Since the atmosphere just holds more moisture(水蒸气), we can generally say that more rain in a warmer world is expected. That's not __9__ (terrible) comforting—if it's raining out over the ocean, that doesn't do __10__ (we) any good. What we do think is going to happen is that as the atmosphere warms up we'll get more rain per event.”
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2020·温州九校联考议论文276词★★★★☆
For decades, the admission to the eight selective high schools, which rank near the top of U．S secondary schools, has been based on the city's Specialized High Schools Admissions Test (SHSAT). Tens of thousands of eighth graders seek admission, but only 10% of those admitted are from disadvantaged backgrounds, who make up 67% of New York City students. Therefore, Mayor de Blasio recently put forward a new plan. He'd use New York State's standardized (标准的) test results plus class ranks to select students for the specialized schools so that high achievers from those disadvantaged backgrounds would get the opportunity.
Critics (评论家) say this will admit youngsters who don't get top marks on an objective admission test, thus harming the schools' quality. However, two proven ways can guarantee these schools' excellence and the mayor's plan contains both.
The first is screening every student using a universal assessment that almost everyone takes rather than relying on a separate exam. It_has_been_employed_in_Broward_Country_and_it_worked_really_well_for_poor_and_ minority_youngsters.
The second is analyzing scores at the school level instead of the district level, so that it is fair for able students in every “feeder schools”. This makes the qualifying (有资格的) populations diverse in a way that doesn't favor advantaged kids. That's why the University of Texas offers admission to the top 7% of graduates of every high school in the state rather than the top 7% statewide.
New York City has long failed its high achievers from disadvantaged backgrounds. So Mayor deBlasio's reforms could be a step in the right direction—if they're done right.
1．What do we know from the first paragraph?
A．Secondary high schools are in great demand in New York.
B．The mayor's new plan has helped the disadvantaged kids.
C．It is competitive to gain admission to the selective schools.
D．33% of those admitted are from advantaged backgrounds.
2．What is some critics' concern over the plan?
A．There will be no qualifying students. B．It will cause too much stress on selection.
C．There will be a decline in the school quality. D．It will be unfair to the advantaged students.
3．The underlined part in Paragraph 3 implies the standardized test ________.
A．benefits the disadvantaged students B．does good to the mayor's political career
C．has been practiced throughout the country D．has met with challenges in Broward County
4．What is the writer's attitude towards the plan?
A．Favorable B．Reserved C．Doubtful D．Disapproving
B
2020·鄂东南联考记叙文324词★★★★☆
Customers who come into the Waffle House recognize server Evoni Williams, a soft­spoken 18­year­old from Texas City. It all started with a Facebook post. On the morning of March 3, Laura Wolf was eating breakfast at the Waffle House in La Marque when she overheard an older man, who reminded her of her late father, tell Williams he had trouble with his hands. The man, later identified as regular customer Adrien Charpentier, had an oxygen tank nearby and needed help cutting up his food. “Without hesitation，” Wolf wrote, Williams “took his plate and began cutting up his ham.”
Impressed, Wolf posted the moment on her Facebook page to share the warmth and kindness with all. The following day, Williams's Facebook notification(关注)began to light up. Her friends saw Wolf's post and tracked her in it.
Williams had no idea that someone took a photo that morning. The diner was so busy that a line extended outside the door. She said helping Charpentier was reflexive. She has been working at Waffle House since last June to save for college, and this, she figu red, was just the right thing to do. “I would want someone to help my grandmother or grandfather，” Williams said.
The post began to make its rounds in La Marque and eventually landed in front of the city's mayor, Bobby Hocking. He decided to declare March 8 as Williams's day, and also received an email from Texas Southern University President Austin A．Lane, asking if the school could present Williams with a scholarship.
Williams still works at Waffle House five days a week and plans to do so until she start s classes in the fall at Houston­based Texas Southern. Wolf said Williams does not have a car to get to classes, but some people have offered to start a GoFundMe page for her, proving that a moment of a kindness can change a life.
5．Why did Wolf post the photo on Facebook?
A．The photo reminded her of her late father. B．It could satisfy her inner needs.
C．She was touched by the sight. D．The customer had trouble with his hands.
6．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Without a second thought. B．After careful consideration.
C．Winning a reward. D．Better serving customers.
7．What can we infer about Evoni Williams?
A．She seldom saw Charpentier come to the House for breakfast.
B．It was GoFundMe page that led to her good luck.
C．She is no longer working in service business.
D．She has probably received a scholarship for her college education.
8．What is the author's purpose of writing the article?
A．To help Williams receive higher education.
B．To introduce a random act of kindness.
C．To show that young generation can always help.
D．To emphasize the influence of the social media.
Ⅲ.书面表达
[2020·武汉部分示范高中联考]假定你是某国际学校的学生李华，你校正在组织学生作为交流生到英国学习两个月，你非常想得到这次交流学习的机会。

请你根据以下提示给校长写封申请信：
1. 父母支持；
2. 个人优势；
3. 表达愿望。

注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________
练习54 语法填空＋阅读理解＋书面表达
Ⅰ.语法填空
1．答案与解析：signs sign为可数名词，根据系动词are可知，应用其复数形式signs。

2．答案与解析：to contribute to“导致；造成”，为固定短语。

3．答案与解析：that 此处是so... that句型，故填that。

4．答案与解析：is affected we know for sure为插入语，先去掉不管。

从句主语climate与affect之间存在被动关系；应用被动语态。

结合上下文时态可知，应用一般现在时，故填is affected。

5．答案与解析：what 印度的热浪与我们对未来预测的气候非常一致。

is quite consistent with后边是一个宾语从句。

结合句意可知，从句中缺少expect to see的宾语，表示“……的”，应用what引导宾语从句。

6．答案与解析：indicating 主语extreme weather events与indicate之间存在逻
辑上的主动关系，故用其动词­ing形式indicating作状语。

7．答案与解析：will happen 根据时间状语in the future可知，应用一般将来时，故填will happen。

8．答案与解析：impossible 根据语意可知，表示“不可能的”，故应填反义词impossible作从句表语。

9．答案与解析：terribly 修饰非谓语动词comforting作状语，应用其副词形式terribly。

10．答案与解析：us 作do的宾语，应用其宾格形式us。

Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
1．答案与解析：A根据第一段中的“so that high achi evers from those disadvantaged backgrounds would get the opportunity”可知，市长的计划目的是帮助处于劣势背景中的孩子有更多的机会考入这八所美国最好的高中。

但第一段中没有提到实际效果，排除B项。

根据第一段中的“Tens of thousands of eighth graders seek admission, but only 10% of those admitted are from disadvantaged backgrounds, who make up 67% of New York City students.”可知，数以万计的学生报考这八所学校，录取率很低。

这说明竞争很激烈。

A项正确。

2．答案与解析：C 根据第二段中的“Critics say this will admit youngsters who don't get top marks on an objective admission test, thus harming the schools' quality.”可知，有些评论家认为市长的新计划可能会导致一些在客观入学考试中没有获得最高分数的年轻人入学，从而损害学校的招生质量。

C项正确。

3．答案与解析：A根据第一段中的“so that high achievers from those disadvantaged backgrounds would get the opportunity”可知，市长的计划目的是帮助处于劣势背景中的孩子有更多的机会考入这八所美国最好的高中。

根据第三段中的“It has been employed in Broward County and it worked really well for poor and minority youngsters.”可知，这个新实施的计划取得了成效，帮助了处于不利环境中的孩子。

A项正确。

4．答案与解析：A 根据最后一段中的“New York City has long failed its high achievers from disadvantaged backgrounds. So Mayor deBlasio's reforms could be a step in the right direction － if they're don e right.”可知，作者对市长的新计划持支持态度。

A项正确。

B
5．答案与解析：C 根据第二段中的“Impressed, Wolf posted the moment on her Facebook page to share the warmth and kindness with all.”可知，受到了感动，wolf 在脸书网站上与大家分享了这一温暖、善良的时刻。

Impressed与touched意思一致。

C 项正确。

6．答案与解析：A 根据第一段中的“Without hesitation，” W olf wrote, Williams “took his plate and began cutting up his ham.”可知，Williams毫不犹豫地帮忙了。

根据第三段中的“She said helping Charpentier was reflexive.”和“she figured, was just the right thing to do.”可知，Williams认为帮助别人是正确的事情。

因此，她帮助Charpentier时是“毫不犹豫的”。

reflexive与without hesitation同义。

A项正确。

7．答案与解析：D 根据第四段中的“asking if the school could present Williams with a scholarship.”可知，Austin A．Lane是否可以向Williams颁发奖学金。

由此可推断，Williams可能会得到一份奖学金。

D项正确。

8．答案与解析：B 文章讲述的是Williams在饼店无意中帮助了一位老人后被人拍摄并上传到脸书上引起轰动的故事。

文章最后一句也提到一个善良的时刻可以改变生活。

B项正确。

Ⅲ.书面表达
One possible version：
Dear Mr. President，
I'm more than happy to learn some of us students will have the opportunity to
study in England as exchangestudents for two months. And I'm anxious for the chance.
Firstly, my parents strongly support me for they believe studying abroad can broaden my horizons. Secondly，my good command of English enables me to communicate with others freely. Besides, having great interest in England and English, I'm eager to further improve my English and experience English culture in person.
I'd appreciate it if you could give consideration to my application. Looking forward to your approval.
结束语
同学们，相信梦想是价值的源泉，相信成功的信念比成功本身更重要，相信人生有挫折没有失败，相信生命的质量来自决不妥协的信念。

加油~~。