2019-2020人教版八年级英语上册Unit 8单元语法小专题

单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus)

语法精讲

一、祈使句

祈使句常用来表示命令、指示、请求、要求或建议等。

1．当主语是第二人称you时，you通常被省略。这种祈使句一般以动词原形开头。它的否定形式是在动词原形前加Don't。如：

Be more careful next time.下次仔细点。

Come to school earlier next time.下次早点来学校。

Don't play computer games.不要玩电脑游戏。

在祈使句的句首或句尾加please，可以使祈使句的语气更委婉。注意：在句尾加please 时，要在please前加逗号。如：

Please speak loudly.＝Speak loudly，please.请大声讲话。

2．带有第一、第三人称主语的祈使句通常以let为引导词，一般用来提建议。如：

Let's watch the cartoon now.现在我们看卡通片吧。

Let's/Let me祈使句的否定形式是Let's/Let me not…或Don't let's/let me …；“Let ＋第三人称”的否定形式为Don't let ＋第三人称…。如：

Let's not play soccer in the street.我们不要在街上踢足球。

Don't let her watch so much TV.不要让她看这么多电视。

二、可数名词与不可数名词

普通名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。

1．可数名词可以用具体的数词来修饰，也可以用“数词＋计量名词＋of ＋可数名词的复数形式”来表示。如：three apples三个苹果；two bags of watermelons两袋西瓜2．不可数名词没有复数形式，表示量时用“数词＋计量名词＋of ＋不可数名词”结构。如：a cup of milk一杯牛奶

3．可数名词的量可以用how many提问；不可数名词的量可以用how much提问。

4．some，any，a lot of，lots of等既可以修饰可数名词，又可以修饰不可数名词。

语法精练

Ⅰ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1．________(keep) quiet in the library.

2．Don't ________(swim) in the river，please.

3．Please don't ________(be) late for school next time.

4．You should not eat too much ________(meat)．

5．They visited two big ________(factory) last month.

6．There ________(be) some bread on the table. You can have some.

7．Would you like to buy some ________(salt), Mrs. Smith?

8．Both his uncle and his aunt are famous ________(scientist)．

9．How much ________(coffee) is there in the cup?

10．How many ________(watermelon) did you buy yesterday?

Ⅱ.按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。

11．You must listen to the teacher carefully. (改为祈使句)

________ ________ the teacher carefully，please.

12．You can't pour the water into the pot. (改为祈使句)

________ ________ the water into the pot.

13．I have two brothers. (对画线部分提问)

________ ________ brothers do you have?

14．There is a little honey in the fridge.(对画线部分提问)

________ ________ ________ is there in the fridge?

15．There is a tomato in the box.(用three代替a改写句子)

There ________ three ________ in the box.

Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。

16．请看第二幅图。

________ ________ the second picture，please.

17．会议室里有几位工程师？

________ ________ ________ are there in the meeting room?

18．凯特，请不要打开搅拌机。

Kate，please ________ ________ ________ the blender.

19．我们一起做香蕉奶昔吧。

________ ________ banana milk shake together.

20．我想要一杯酸奶和两个汉堡包。

I would like ________ ________ ________ ________ and two ________．

单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus)

Ⅰ.1.Keep 2.swim 3.be 4.meat 5.factories 6.is7.salt8.scientists

9．coffee10.watermelons

Ⅱ.11.Listen to12.Don't pour13.How many14.How much honey

15．are；tomatoes

Ⅲ.16.Look at17.How many engineers18.don't turn on19.Let's make20.a/one cup of yogurt；hamburgers