Unit 7 Vocabulary(学生)

Unit 7
Text I When Lightning Struck
Words and Expressions
1. lightning: n. a powerful flash of light in the sky caused by electricity passing from one cloud to another or to the earth, usu. followed by thunder
e.g. He runs as fast as lightning.
Collocation:
be struck by lightning: be hit by lightning
e.g. The tower has been struck by lightning.
Derivation:
lightning: adj.
2. jolt: n. a sudden rough shaking movement
e.g. Residents felt the first jolt of the earthquake at about 8 a.m.
Derivation:
jolt: v.
3. swerve: n. the act of turning aside
e.g. The car made a sudden swerve to avoid the dog.
Comparison:
swirl: the act of turning around quickly in a circular movement
Derivation:
swerve: v.
4. unbolt:v. unlock; release the bolts of (a door, for example)
e.g. The shopkeeper unbolted the door and let the customers in.
Comparison: unbolt, untie
untie: undo the knots in something or undo something that has been tied
Antonym:
bolt
5. scramble:v. climb up or over something with difficulty, using your hands to help you
e.g. The boys scrambled over the wall.
Collocations:
scramble up/down/back, etc.
e.g. We scrambled up a rocky slope.
Synonym:
climb
Derivation:
scramble: n.
6. lunge:v. make sudden forceful forward movements of the body, often to make an attack
e.g. He lunged at me with a knife.
Derivation:
lunge: n.
7. stricken: adj. very badly affected by trouble, illness, unhappiness, etc.
e.g. Supplies of medicine were rushed to the stricken city.
Collocations:
be stricken by/with
e.g. The area was stricken with/by a fatal disease.
poverty stricken: very poor
panic stricke n: filled with sudden terror
grief stricken: filled with grief and sorrow
8. procedure: n.
1) the correct or normal way of doing something
e.g. What is the correct procedure for renewing your car tax?
2) the method and order of directing business at an official meeting, in a law case, etc.
e.g. So much time was spent arguing about the procedure.
Comparison: process, procedure
process: a serious of actions that someone takes in order to achieve a particular result
e.g. Teaching him to read was a slow process.
Derivation:
procedural: adj.
9. figure:v. consider; believe
e.g. I figured that you wouldn’t come.
Collocation:
figure ou t: think about a problem or situation until you find the answer or understand what has happened
e.g. Can you figure out how to do it?
Synonyms:
consider, think
10. pull oneself together :control oneself; become calm after being excited or disturbed
e.g. Stop behaving like a baby! Pull yourself together — your family depends on you.
11. reassure:v. say or do something in order to make somebody feel less frightened, worried or nervous
e.g. I was reassured by their offer of support.
Collocation:
reassure sb. (that)
e.g. They reassured us that the matter would be dealt with immediately.
Comparison: reassure, assure
assure: tell (sb.) that something is really true or will happen
e.g. The receptionist assured me that I would not have to wait long.
Derivations:
reassuring: adj.
reassurance: n.
12. glamorous: adj. full of or characterized by charm
e.g. Her smile is so glamorous that no one can resist her charm.
Synonyms:
attractive, appealing
Derivations:
glamour: n.
glamorize: v.
13. confide:v. tell someone you trust about personal things that you do not want other people to know
Collocations:
confide to sb. that ...
e.g. He came and confided to me that he had spend five years in prison.
confide in sb.
e.g. Jane felt she could only confide in her mother.
Derivations:
confidence: n. the feeling that you can trust someone or something to be good or work well confidant: n. someone you tell your secrets to
confiding: adj. behaving in a way that shows you want to tell someone about something that is private or secret
14. soulful: adj. expressing deep feelings; profoundly emotional
e.g. The old woman had a soulful look when she lost her favorite dog.
Antonym:
soulless: adj.
Derivation:
soulfulness: n
Comparison: soul, soulfulness
soul:n. the inner character of a person, where their deepest thoughts and feelings come from soulfulness:n. being profoundly emotional
15. panic:v. affect or be affected with a sudden, overpowering terror
e.g. The crowd panicked at the sound of the guns.
Collocation:
panic sb. into doing sth.
e.g. The protests became more violent and many landowners were panicked into leaving the
country.
Derivations:
panic: n.
panicky: adj.
16. screech:v. make an unpleasant high sharp sound, esp. because of terror or pain
e.g. When a man was peering in at her, she screeched in fright and drew the curtains. Synonym:
scream
Derivation:
screech: n.
e.g.
The boy's screeches brought his mother.
17. soothing:adj. making less angry, anxious, painful, etc.
e.g.Mother’s words produced a soothing effect on her agitated son.
Derivation:
soothe: v.
18. transfer:v.
1) (cause to) move or change from one vehicle to another in the course of a journey
e.g. At London we transferred from the train to a bus.
I transferred from a bus to an underground train.
2) move from one place, job, position, etc. to another
e.g. The head office has been transferred from London to Cardif
f.
Comparison: transfer, transform
transform: completely change the appearance, form or character of something or someone, esp. in a way that improves it
e.g.
1) In the last 20 years Korea has been transformed into an advanced industrial power.
2) The company has transferred to an eastern location.
Derivations:
transfer: n.
transferable: adj.
19. alternative: adj. that can be used instead of something else
e.g. We returned by the alternative road.
Comparison: alternative, alternate
alternate: adj.
1) alternative, esp. AmE, used instead of the one that was intended to be used
2) happening or doing something on one of every two days
e.g. He works alternate days.
Derivations:
alternative: n.
alternate: v.
20. cling:v. hold tightly; stick firmly
e.g. They clung to one another as they said good-bye.
His wet shirt clung to his body.
Collocation:
cling to (a belief, idea, feeling, etc.): continue to think that is it true even when this seems extremely unlikely
e.g. We clung to the hope that we might see her again one day.
Derivation:
clingy: adj.
21. lament:v. express sorrow or regret (for)
e.g. The whole country lamented the death of their great leader.
Derivations:
lamentation: n.
lamentable: adj.
22. anticipate: v.
1) look forward to, esp. with pleasure; expect
e.g. The students are anticipating the arrival of the summer vacation.
2) expect that something will happen and be ready for it
e.g. Organizers are anticipating a large crowd at the party.
Synonym:
expect
Derivations:
anticipatory: adj.
anticipation: n.
23. get in: (of a train, etc. or a passenger) arrive at the destination
e.g. What time does your flight get in?
Comparisons:
get sth. in:
1) gather together something such as crops
e.g. The whole village was involved with getting the harvest in.
2) send something to a particular place or give it to a particular person
e.g. Please get your assignments in by Thursday.
get sb. in: ask someone to come to your home or workplace to do a job, esp. to repair something
e.g.We’ll have to get the engineer in.
24. glinting:adj. gleaming or flashing briefly
e.g. Her glinting gold ring attracts all our attention.
Synonyms:
glittering, gleaming
Derivation:
glint: v./n.
25. fateful:adj. having an important, esp. bad influence on the future
e.g. The world will always remember the fateful day when the atomic bomb was first dropped. Comparisons: fateful, fated
fated: certain to happen because mysterious force is controlling events
Practice:
1) She knew that their happiness was _________ not to last. (fated)
2) This step involved many _________ consequences. (fateful)
Derivation:
fate: n.
26. witness: v.be present and see with one’s own eyes
e.g. We witnessed a strange change in her.
Collocation:
witness to sth.: formally state that something is true or happened
e.g. Her principal was called to witness to her good character.
witness to doing sth.
e.g. The driver witnessed to having seen the man enter the building.
Derivation:
witness: n. someone who is present when something happens, and watches it happening
27. indebted:adj. very grateful to somebody for help given
Collocation:
be indebted to sb.
e.g.I’m greatly indebted to you for your criticisms and help.
Comparison:
be in debt:
1) owe money
2) be very grateful to someone for what they have done for you
28. clutch:v. hold something or somebody tightly in the hand(s)
e.g. The mother clutched her baby in her arms.
Collocation:
clutch at: try hard to hold something, esp. when you are in a dangerous situation
e.g. Suzie clutched desperately at the muddy river bank.
Comparisons: clutch, seize
seize: take hold of something suddenly and violently
e.g. He seized my hand and dragged me away from the window.
Derivation:
clutch: n.
Unit 7
Text II Dad Had Lost Any Purpose in Life Words and Expressions
1.adore
2.affection
3.annoy
4.call on (sb)
pensate for
pensation
7.conspiracy
8.contemplate
9.disgust
10.dominate
11.embarrassment
12.energetic
13.generous
14.grumble
15.grunt
16.impatient
17.in particular
18.incidental
19.inevitable
20.long (to do sth)
21.misery
22.overshadow
23.rally
24.resent
25.reserved
26.run (the flat)
27.superfluous
28.veil。